| comparative genomics of salmonella enterica serovars derby and mbandaka, two prevalent serovars associated with different livestock species in the uk. | despite the frequent isolation of salmonella enterica sub. enterica serovars derby and mbandaka from livestock in the uk and usa little is known about the biological processes maintaining their prevalence. statistics for salmonella isolations from livestock production in the uk show that s. derby is most commonly associated with pigs and turkeys and s. mbandaka with cattle and chickens. here we compare the first sequenced genomes of s. derby and s. mbandaka as a basis for further analysis of the ... | 2013 | 23725633 |
| in the united states, negligible rates of zoonotic sarcocystosis occur in feral swine that, by contrast, frequently harbour infections with sarcocystis miescheriana, a related parasite contracted from canids. | transmission of pathogens between domestic and wild life animals plays an important role in epidemiology. feral pig populations are increasing and expanding in the usa, and may constitute a risk to non-biosecure domestic pig facilities by serving as reservoirs for pathogens. we surveyed, for sarcocystis infection, the myocardium of 1006 feral pigs (sus scrofa) trapped or hunted in 29 states during the comprehensive feral swine disease surveillance program of the usda's animal and plant health in ... | 2015 | 25363485 |
| prevalence of muscular sarcosporidiosis in slaughtered domestic pigs in perak, peninsular malaysia. | sarcosporidiosis is a disease caused by intracellular protozoan parasites, namely, sarcocystis spp. in pigs, three species of sarcocystis spp. have been recognised, including sarcocystis meischeriana, sarcocystis porcifelis and sarcocystis suihominis. the aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of muscular sarcosporidiosis in pigs using the pepsin digestion technique. a total of 150 fresh heart, oesophagus and thigh muscle samples from 50 yorkshire and landrace pigs were collected from ... | 2017 | 28228924 |
| utility of (11)c-methionine and (11)c-donepezil for imaging of staphylococcus aureus induced osteomyelitis in a juvenile porcine model: comparison to autologous (111)in-labelled leukocytes, (99m) tc-dpd, and (18)f-fdg. | the aim of this study was to compare (11)c-methionine and (11)c-donepezil positron emission tomography (pet) with (111)in-labeled leukocyte and (99m) tc-dpd (tc-99m 3,3-diphosphono-1,2-propanedicarboxylic acid) single-photon emission computed tomography (spect), and (18)f-fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)f-fdg) pet to improve detection of osteomyelitis. the tracers' diagnostic utility where tested in a juvenile porcine hematogenously induced osteomyelitis model comparable to osteomyelitis in children. fi ... | 2016 | 28078182 |
| biodistribution of the radionuclides (18)f-fdg, (11)c-methionine, (11)c-pk11195, and (68)ga-citrate in domestic juvenile female pigs and morphological and molecular imaging of the tracers in hematogenously disseminated staphylococcus aureus lesions. | approximately 5-7% of acute-care patients suffer from bacteremia. bacteremia may give rise to bacterial spread to different tissues. conventional imaging procedures as x-ray, computed tomography (ct), magnetic resonance imaging (mri), and ultrasound are often first-line imaging methods for identification and localization of infection. these methods are, however, not always successful. early identification and localization of infection is critical for the appropriate and timely selection of thera ... | 2016 | 27069765 |
| comparison of autologous (111)in-leukocytes, (18)f-fdg, (11)c-methionine, (11)c-pk11195 and (68)ga-citrate for diagnostic nuclear imaging in a juvenile porcine haematogenous staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis model. | the aim of this study was to compare (111)in-labeled leukocyte single-photon emission computed tomography (spect) and (18)f-fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)f-fdg) positron emission tomography (pet) to pet with tracers that potentially could improve detection of osteomyelitis. we chose (11)c-methionine, (11)c-pk11195 and (68)ga-citrate and validated their diagnostic utility in a porcine haematogenous osteomyelitis model. four juvenile 14-15 weeks old female pigs were scanned seven days after intra-arteri ... | 2015 | 25973338 |
| targeted gene knock-in by crispr/cas ribonucleoproteins in porcine zygotes. | the domestic pig is an important "dual purpose" animal model for agricultural and biomedical applications. there is an emerging consensus in the biomedical community for the use of large animal models such as pigs to either serve as an alternative, or complement investigations from the mouse. however, the use of pig has not proven popular due to technical difficulties and time required in generating models with desired genetic modifications. in this regard, the ability to directly modify the gen ... | 2017 | 28195163 |
| molecular typing of streptococcus suis isolates from iberian pigs: a comparison with isolates from common intensively-reared commercial pig breeds. | the iberian pig (ip) is a traditional spanish breed variety of the domestic pig (sus scrofa domesticus) with high economic importance because of the value of the dry-cured products in national and international markets. the genetic characteristics of tonsillar and clinical streptococcus suis isolates from the ip maintained under extensive or intensive management conditions were investigated. s. suis isolates from ip pigs were compared with s. suis isolates from intensively-farmed pigs of common ... | 2014 | 25458888 |
| evolutionary diversity of suid herpesvirus 1 based on ul44 partial sequences. | the aim of this study was to use partial ul44 sequences (glycoprotein c) of suid herpesvirus 1 to examine the evolution and dynamics of the virus in different periods and hosts. | 2016 | 27362774 |
| intradermal vaccination with un-adjuvanted sub-unit vaccines triggers skin innate immunity and confers protective respiratory immunity in domestic swine. | intradermal (id) vaccination constitutes a promising approach to induce anti-infectious immunity. this route of immunization has mostly been studied with influenza split-virion vaccines. however, the efficacy of id vaccination for sub-unit vaccines in relation to underlying skin innate immunity remains to be explored for wider application in humans. relevant animal models that more closely mimic human skin immunity than the widely used mouse models are therefore necessary. here, we show in domes ... | 2016 | 26768129 |
| pseudorabies virus isolates from domestic pigs and wild boars show no apparent in vitro differences in replication kinetics and sensitivity to interferon-induced antiviral status. | pseudorabies virus is the causative agent of aujeszky's disease. domestic pigs and wild boars are its natural hosts, and strains circulating within both populations differ in their capacity to induce clinical disease. cell biological and molecular explanations for the observed differences in virulence are, however, lacking. different virulence determinants that can be assessed in vitro were determined for five domestic swine strains, four wild boar strains and the nia3 reference strain. replicat ... | 2016 | 26590089 |
| age- and strain-dependent differences in the outcome of experimental infections of domestic pigs with wild boar pseudorabies virus isolates. | although pseudorabies virus (prv) has been eradicated in domestic swine in many countries, its presence in wild boars remains a threat for a reintroduction into the currently unprotected swine population. to assess the possible impact of such a reintroduction in a naive herd, an in vivo infection study using two genetically characterized wild boar prv isolates (bel24043 and bel20075) representative for wild boar strains circulating in south-western and central europe and the virulent nia3 refere ... | 2016 | 26589961 |
| emergence of a pseudorabies virus variant with increased virulence to piglets. | pseudorabies virus (prv) causes pseudorabies (pr), an economically important disease in domestic swine. pr outbreaks on pig farms caused by prv variant strains in bartha-k61-vaccinated pigs have resulted in considerable economic losses in china since 2011. in this study, the pathogenicity of the prv variant js-2012 strain to pigs was investigated by experimentally inoculating piglets of different ages in comparison with a classic virulent prv sc strain. the js-2012 strain caused an earlier onset ... | 2015 | 26507829 |
| detection and molecular analysis of pseudorabies virus strains isolated from dogs and a wild boar in italy. | aujeszky's disease (ad) is one of the most economically important diseases of farmed pigs. wild boars can act as reservoirs and might represent a potential threat for domestic animals, including dogs. the aim of this study was to report the results of an ad survey based on the pseudorabies virus (prv) genome detection in samples of dogs clinically suspected of ad and of wild boars collected during four consecutive hunting seasons in the period 2010-2014. genomic characterization was based on the ... | 2015 | 25912160 |
| characterisation of pseudorabies virus in domestic pigs and wild boars in croatia. | serological data imply that pseudorabies (aujeszky's disease) is present in domestic pigs and wild boars in croatia. therefore, this study included testing of brain tissue samples collected from 200 domestic pigs and 105 wild boars originating from seventeen districts of croatia. the presence of pseudorabies virus (prv) dna was confirmed in samples originating from six domestic pigs (3%) and one wild boar (0.95%). positive samples were sequenced and analysed on the basis of a gc genome fragment. ... | 2014 | 25410393 |
| molecular characterization of belgian pseudorabies virus isolates from domestic swine and wild boar. | aujeszky's disease is an economically important disease in domestic swine caused by suid herpesvirus 1, also called pseudorabies virus (prv). in several european countries, including belgium, the virus has successfully been eradicated from the domestic swine population. the presence of prv in the wild boar population however poses a risk for possible reintroduction of the virus into the domestic pig population. it is therefore important to assess the genetic relatedness between circulating strai ... | 2014 | 24908275 |
| spatio-temporal analysis of the progression of aujeszky's disease virus infection in wild boar of saxony-anhalt, germany. | aujeszky's disease (ad, pseudorabies) is a notifiable disease caused by suid herpesvirus 1 (suhv-1), also named pseudorabies virus (prv). the study aimed at determining the occurrence and spatio-temporal trend of specific antibodies to ad virus (adv) among wild boar of saxony-anhalt, a landlocked federal state situated in the western part of eastern germany. to this end, a total of 7,209 blood samples were collected and tested from 2000 to 2011. an average seroprevalence of 6.8% was found for th ... | 2013 | 24258896 |
| pseudorabies in feral swine in the united states, 2009-2012. | although pseudorabies virus can affect a wide range of mammalian and avian hosts, swine are the only natural hosts of the virus. the us commercial swine industry obtained pseudorabies-free status in 2004, which was important because of the economic value of domestic swine production; however, feral swine remain competent hosts and represent a constant threat for reintroducing the virus into the commercial industry. to better assess feral swine infection status, we collected 8,498 serum samples f ... | 2013 | 23778627 |
| genomic characterization of pseudorabies virus strains isolated in italy. | in this study, we undertook the genomic characterization of 54 pseudorabies virus (prv) strains isolated in italy during 1984-2010. the characterization was based on partial sequencing of the ul44 (gc) and us8 (ge) genes; 44 strains (38 for gene ge and 36 for gc) were isolated on pig farms; 9 originated from dogs and 1 from cattle. these porcine prv strains, which were closely related to those isolated in europe and america in the last 20 years, and the bovine strain bovine/it/2441/1992 belong t ... | 2014 | 23331342 |
| oral immunization of wild boar and domestic pigs with attenuated live vaccine protects against pseudorabies virus infection. | in domestic pigs strict control measures and the use of gene-deleted marker vaccines resulted in the elimination of pseudorabies virus (prv) infections in many parts of europe and north america. in free-roaming feral pigs and wild boar populations, however, serological surveys and monitoring in the americas, europe and north africa provided serological and virological evidence that prv is more widely distributed than previously assumed. thus, there is a constant risk of spillover of prv infectio ... | 2012 | 22832373 |
| taenia solium taeniosis/cysticercosis in africa: risk factors, epidemiology and prospects for control using vaccination. | poor sanitary conditions, free-roaming of domestic pigs and lack of awareness of the disease play an important role in the perpetuation of the taenia solium taeniosis and cysticercosis in africa. traditional pig production systems known as the source of t. solium taeniosis/cysticercosis complex are predominant in the continent, representing 60-90% of pig production in rural areas. it has been reported that t. solium cysticercosis is the main cause of acquired epilepsy in human population and res ... | 2013 | 23312868 |
| isolation and characterization of a novel rhabdovirus from a wild boar (sus scrofa) in japan. | a novel rhabdovirus was isolated from the serum of a healthy japanese wild boar (sus scrofa leucomystax) and identified using the rapid determination system for viral nucleic acid sequences (rdv), next-generation sequencing, and electron microscopy. the virus was tentatively named wild boar rhabdovirus 1 (wbrv1). phylogenetic analysis of the entire genome sequence indicated that wbrv1 is closely related to tupaia rhabdovirus (trv), which was isolated from cultured cells of hepatocellular carcino ... | 2015 | 26116524 |
| molecular detection and genomic characterization of torque teno sus virus 1 and 2 from domestic pigs in central china. | in the present study, torque teno sus viruses (ttsuvs) were detected in tissue and blood samples obtained from domestic pigs in central china, and complete genomes of ttsuvs were characterized. a total of three tissue samples (3/20, 15 %) from post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome-affected pigs and 30 blood samples (30/40, 75 %) from healthy pigs were positive for torque teno sus virus 1 (ttsuv1) and/or 2 (ttsuv2). two ttsuv strains (ttv1hn54 and ttv2hn93) comprising 2,794 and 2,875 nucleo ... | 2013 | 23468229 |
| high prevalence of torque teno sus virus in china and genetic diversity of the 5' non-coding region. | members of the family anelloviridae are emerging circular dna viruses infecting many species of vertebrates including pigs. to date, members of two distinct genera, iotatorquevirus, including torque teno sus virus 1a and torque teno sus virus 1b (ttsuv1a and ttsuv1b), and kappatorquevirus, including torque teno sus virus k2a and torque teno sus virus k2b (ttsuvk2a and ttsuvk2b), have been identified in domestic pigs and wild boars. the goal of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and geneti ... | 2013 | 23435953 |
| first time molecular detection and phylogenetic relationships of torque teno sus virus 1 and 2 in domestic pigs in uganda: further evidence for a global distribution. | torque teno sus virus 1 (ttsuv1) and 2 (ttsuv2) are small, single-stranded circular dna viruses belonging to the anelloviridae family. available studies clearly show that both viruses are widely distributed in the pig populations in america, europe and asia, although the impact of the infection is still unclear. currently, the situation in domestic pig populations on the african continent is not known. therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the possible presence of the two viruses i ... | 2012 | 22336096 |
| molecular identification of nematode larvae different from those of the trichinella genus detected by muscle digestion. | although larvae of the genus trichinella are the most common parasite species detected in vertebrate muscles using artificial digestion, nematode larvae belonging to other genera are sometimes detected and incorrectly identified as trichinella. however, it is often very difficult to identify these larvae at the species, genus or family level using microscopy because of the absence of specific morphological characters or cuticle damage, and the only means of identification is pcr and sequencing o ... | 2013 | 23433986 |
| toxocara cati larva migrans in domestic pigs--detected at slaughterhouse control in norway. | routine trichinella meat inspection at the slaughterhouse detected one larva in a pooled batch of 100 pig samples. the larva was sent to the norwegian veterinary institute (nvi) for species identification.morphological examination revealed that the larva was not trichinella spp. molecular analysis was performed. pcr and sequencing of 5s/its identified the larva as toxocara cati. a second round of digests was carried out at the meat inspection laboratory, in smaller batches to try to identify the ... | 2012 | 23171732 |
| prevalence of infection with toxoplasma gondii in landrace and mixed breed pigs slaughtered in baja california sur state, mexico. | we performed a cross-sectional study to determine the seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii infection in 308 domestic pigs slaughtered in la paz, baja california sur state, mexico using the modified agglutination test (mat, cut off 1:25). forty (13%) of the 308 pigs were seropositive with mat titers of 1:25 in 16, 1:50 in 5, 1:100 in 4, 1:200 in 5, 1:400 in 3, 1:800 in 3, 1:1600 in 2, and 1:3200 in 2. multivariate analysis of pigs' characteristics showed that seropositivity to t. gondii was negati ... | 2015 | 25883799 |
| surveillance of feral swine for trichinella spp. and toxoplasma gondii in the usa and host-related factors associated with infection. | trichinella spp. and toxoplasma gondii are important zoonotic parasites that infect warm blooded animals and humans worldwide. among domesticated food animals, pigs are the main host for trichinella spiralis. pigs, chickens, sheep, and goats are known to be infected with t. gondii at varying rates, depending on husbandry. infections in wildlife with these parasites are generally higher than in domesticated species. feral swine act as reservoirs of infection in the sylvatic ecosystem for trichine ... | 2014 | 25182211 |
| isolation and pathogenicity of toxoplasma gondii in naturally infected (rustic farm) pigs in southern brazil. | this study reported a serological test for toxoplasma gondii infection in 100 pigs from 58 rural farms in the state of rio grande do sul, brazil. thirty-six pigs were seropositive (ifat≥1:64). bioassays were performed for all 36 seropositive pigs, and 17 isolates were obtained (47.2%). seven of these isolates (41.2%) were highly pathogenic to mice, as clinical signs of acute infection were observed, and tachyzoites were found in the peritoneal exudates, livers, and lungs. the remaining 10 isolat ... | 2014 | 24612744 |
| seroprevalence and correlates of toxoplasma gondii infection in domestic pigs in veracruz state, mexico. | toxoplasma gondii infection in pigs has epidemiological concern for its contributing role in human infections. we determined seroprevalence of t. gondii infection in 402 domestic pigs raised in backyards in veracruz state, mexico using the modified agglutination test (mat; cut off 1:25); 182 (45.3%) of the 402 pigs were seropositive with mat titers of 1:25 in 28, 1:50 in 22, 1:100 in 18, 1:200 in 30, 1:400 in 35, 1:800 in 23, 1:1,600 in 11, and 1:3,200 or higher in 15. seropositive pigs were fou ... | 2014 | 24510223 |
| seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii in domestic pigs (sus scrofa domestica) and wild boars (sus scrofa) in latvia. | consumption of undercooked pork products is considered a major risk factor for contracting toxoplasmosis in humans in several countries. in total, 803 pork samples and 606 wild boar meat samples were collected from different regions of latvia during june 2010 and february 2011 were tested for toxoplasma gondii antibodies using an in-house elisa assay. seroprevalence in wild boar (33.2%, p < 0.05) was significantly higher than in domestic pig (4.2%). the prevalence of t. gondii -specific antibodi ... | 2013 | 22765652 |
| high prevalence of toxoplasma gondii antibodies in domestic pigs in oaxaca state, mexico. | pigs are important in the epidemiology of toxoplasmosis in north america. seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii infection in 525 domestic pigs (337 backyard raised, 188 farm raised) in oaxaca state, mexico was determined using the modified agglutination test (mat, cutoff 1:25). antibodies to t. gondii were found in 58 (17.2%) of the 337 backyard pigs with mat titers of 1:25 in 10, 1:50 in 12, 1:100 in 18, 1:200 in 6, 1:400 in 6, 1:800 in 3, and 1:1,600 in 3. seropositive pigs were found in 39 (37. ... | 2012 | 22559725 |
| study on the occurrence of trichinella spp. in raccoon dogs in brandenburg, germany. | in recent years the raccoon dog population in germany has risen dramatically and a steady westward expansion can still be seen. in addition to the highest trichinella prevalence in wild boar and the most reported trichinella cases in domestic swine from backyard farms, the north-eastern part of germany also has the highest raccoon dog density in the country. due to their distinct scavenging behavior, raccoon dogs play a significant role as trichinella reservoir. therefore, to increase the knowle ... | 2016 | 27133501 |
| a large-scale study of the trichinella genus in the golden jackal (canis aureus) population in serbia. | over the last decades the golden jackal (canis aureus) has significantly expanded its range throughout southeast and central europe, and the balkan peninsula is considered to be a core area of the species distribution in this part of the range. due to its increasing number, ability of long distance movement through a wide range of landscapes and opportunistic feeding habits, the golden jackal may represent an important reservoir and transmitter of a variety of zoonotic agents, including parasite ... | 2015 | 26260409 |
| new insights into the molecular epidemiology of trichinella infection in domestic pigs, wild boars, and bears in romania. | trichinellosis is a food-borne zoonosis caused by the parasitic nematode trichinella, characterized by an extremely wide host range and geographical distribution. in romania, it is recognized as one of the most serious zoonotic diseases. a cross-sectional study, covering all regions of romania, was conducted in 2014 to investigate and update the prevalence of trichinella infection among domestic pigs, wild boars, and bears. additional, molecular identification of trichinella species circulating ... | 2015 | 26238657 |
| trichinella pseudospiralis in the iberian peninsula. | nematode worms of the genus trichinella are zoonotic parasites circulating in most continents, including europe. in spain, trichinella spiralis and trichinella britovi are highly prevalent in wildlife but seldom in domestic pigs. in portugal, only t. britovi was documented in wild carnivores. in the period 2006-2013 in spain, 384 (0.0001%) pigs and 1399 (0.20%) wild boars (sus scrofa) were positive for trichinella spp. larvae, which were identified as t. spiralis or t. britovi. in 2014, trichine ... | 2015 | 25913596 |
| trichinella infections in different host species of an endemic district of serbia. | trichinella infections are endemic in the balkan region of europe. though trichinellosis and agents thereof are serious problems for human health and animal husbandry, only a limited number of trichinella isolates from serbia have been identified at the species level so far. the aim of the present study was the surveillance and monitoring of trichinella in domestic pigs and wild animals from the endemic district of branicevo. investigations performed during the 2009-2010 period revealed trichine ... | 2013 | 23453823 |
| trichinella patagoniensis n. sp. (nematoda), a new encapsulated species infecting carnivorous mammals in south america. | until a few years ago, trichinella spiralis was the only taxon of the genus trichinella detected in both domestic and wild animals of south america. recently, a new genotype, named trichinella t12, was identified in cougars (puma concolor) from argentina, on the basis of molecular studies using mitochondrial and nuclear ribosomal markers. in the present study, cross-breeding experiments indicated that trichinella t12 is reproductively isolated from all other encapsulated trichinella spp. and sug ... | 2012 | 22921601 |
| the first report of trichinella pseudospiralis presence in domestic swine and t. britovi in wild boar in bosnia and herzegovina. | the balkans is endemic for nematodes of the genus trichinella in both domestic and wild animals. the high prevalence of these zoonotic pathogens in animals linked with the food habits to consume raw meat and meat derived products resulted in a very high prevalence of trichinellosis in humans living in this european region. in spite of numerous epidemiological investigations carried out in this region, very few information is available on the trichinella species circulating in bosnia and herzegov ... | 2015 | 26204186 |
| first finding of trichinella pseudospiralis in the neotropical region. | prior to this study, only encapsulated species of trichinella had been found in south america, i.e., t. spiralis and t. patagoniensis. here we report the molecular identification of a non-encapsulated isolate of trichinella from a domestic pig in argentina. the multiplex pcr technique and the analysis of mitochondrial and nuclear dna sequences revealed that it belongs to t. pseudospiralis, which parasitises birds and mammals from australian, nearctic, and palaearctic regions. interestingly, the ... | 2015 | 25620294 |
| first report of the occurrence of trichinella-specific antibodies in domestic pigs in central and eastern uganda. | previous research on trichinellosis in africa focused on isolating trichinella from wildlife while the role of domestic pigs has remained highly under-researched. pig keeping in uganda is historically recent, and evidence on zoonotic pig diseases, including infection with trichinella species, is scarce. a cross-sectional survey on trichinella seroprevalence in pigs was conducted in three districts in central and eastern uganda from april 2013 to january 2015. serum from a random sample of 1125 p ... | 2016 | 27870858 |
| survey of trichinella infection from domestic pigs in the historical endemic areas of henan province, central china. | the aim of this work was to investigate the current situation of trichinella infection from domestic pigs in the historical endemic areas of henan province, central china. a total of 823 diaphragm samples from the indoor-raised pigs were collected in five cities of henan during 2014-2015 and examined by artificial digestion method. the overall prevalence of trichinella infection in pigs was 0.61 % (5/823). trichinella larvae were detected in 0.91 % (5/550) of pigs from nanyang city of henan. the ... | 2016 | 27601238 |
| partially protective immunity induced by the 14-3-3 protein from trichinella spiralis. | trichinellosis, a widespread zoonosis, is considered to be an emerging or re-emerging infectious parasitic disease. the development of vaccines to prevent trichinella infection in domestic animals and humans is important for disease control. in a previous study, we identified ts14-3-3 as an immunodominant protein from trichinella spiralis (t. spiralis) adult worms recognized by early infection sera from pigs and mice. in this study, we further confirmed that ts14-3-3 mrna is expressed in both ad ... | 2016 | 27387374 |
| quantitative risk assessment of human trichinellosis caused by consumption of pork meat sausages in argentina. | in argentina, there are three known species of genus trichinella; however, trichinella spiralis is most commonly associated with domestic pigs and it is recognized as the main cause of human trichinellosis by the consumption of products made with raw or insufficiently cooked pork meat. in some areas of argentina, this disease is endemic and it is thus necessary to develop a more effective programme of prevention and control. here, we developed a quantitative risk assessment of human trichinellos ... | 2016 | 26227185 |
| the red fox (vulpes vulpes) plays a minor role in the epidemiology of the domestic cycle of trichinella in romania. | nematode worms of the genus trichinella are zoonotic parasites with a worldwide distribution. the majority of the biomass of these nematodes circulates among wildlife, but when humans fail in the proper management of domestic animals and wildlife, trichinella infections are transmitted from the sylvatic to the domestic environment. such failures occur in romania, where a high prevalence of trichinella spiralis has been detected in domestic pigs. the aim of the present study was to provide data a ... | 2015 | 26185060 |
| trichinellosis in vietnam. | trichinellosis is a zoonotic parasitic disease with a worldwide distribution. the aim of this work was to describe the epidemiological and clinical data of five outbreaks of trichinellosis, which affected ethnic minorities living in remote mountainous areas of northwestern vietnam from 1970 to 2012. trichinellosis was diagnosed in 126 patients, of which 11 (8.7%) were hospitalized and 8 (6.3%) died. all infected people had consumed raw pork from backyard and roaming pigs or wild boar at wedding, ... | 2015 | 25846295 |
| outbreak of trichinella spiralis infections associated with a wild boar hunted at a game farm in iowa. | rates of trichinellosis have declined significantly in the united states due to improved pork production practices and public awareness of the danger of eating raw or undercooked pork. in april 2011, the minnesota department of health received a report of presumptive trichinellosis in a 50-year-old man with a history of wild boar consumption. a public health investigation was initiated. | 2014 | 25214511 |
| european mustelids occupying pristine wetlands in the danube delta are infected with trichinella likely derived from domesticated swine. | abstract we analyzed 32 specimens from nine species of mustelidae for trichinella; six infections from two trichinella species were observed from three host species. this provides documentation of trichinella in mustela erminea and martes foina in romania and trichinella spiralis in a mustelid host from europe. trichinella spiralis continues to be a public challenge characterized by a wide host range and geographical distribution ( pozio 2007 ). during the past 20 yr, romania has had the most re ... | 2014 | 25121406 |
| survey of trichinella infections in domestic pigs from northern and eastern henan, china. | the aim of this work was to investigate the current situation of trichinella infections in swine in the cities of anyang and shanqiu in the henan province historically designated as trichinellosis-free. a total of 475 diaphragm muscle samples were collected from 2010 to 2011 and examined by trichinelloscopy and artificial digestion. no trichinella larvae were detected by trichinelloscopy; however, using the digestion method, 3.79% (18/475) of domestic pigs were deemed positive for trichinella. a ... | 2013 | 23422779 |
| high prevalence of tritrichomonas foetus 'bovine genotype' in faecal samples from domestic pigs at a farm where bovine trichomonosis has not been reported for over 30 years. | bovine venereal trichomonosis caused by the flagellate tritrichomonas foetus is a notifiable disease in australia. while, t. foetus is pathogenic in both cattle and cats, it has long been established that the same t. foetus colonises the stomach, caecum and nasal cavity of pigs without apparent clinical significance. multi-locus genotyping grouped the non-pathogenic porcine t. foetus with the pathogenic 'bovine genotype', rather than with the 'feline genotype' t. foetus. bovine trichomonosis is ... | 2015 | 26315128 |
| domestic pigs as potential reservoirs of human and animal trypanosomiasis in northern tanzania. | pig keeping is becoming increasingly common across sub-saharan africa. domestic pigs from the arusha region of northern tanzania were screened for trypanosomes using pcr-based methods to examine the role of pigs as a reservoir of human and animal trypanosomiasis. | 2013 | 24499540 |
| domestic pig (sus scrofa) as an animal model for experimental trypanosoma cruzi infection. | pigs were infected with a bolivian strain of trypanosoma cruzi (genotype i) and evaluated up to 150 days postinoculation (dpi) to determine the use of pigs as an animal model of chagas disease. parasitemia was observed in the infected pigs during the acute phase (15-40 dpi). anti-t. cruzi immunoglobulin m was detected during 15-75 dpi; high levels of anti-t. cruzi immunoglobulin g were detected in all infected pigs from 75 to 150 dpi. parasitic dna was observed by western blot (58%, 28/48) and p ... | 2016 | 26928841 |
| west nile virus serosurveillance in pigs, wild boars, and roe deer in serbia. | west nile virus (wnv) is maintained in nature in an enzootic transmission cycle between birds and mosquitoes, but it also infects many other vertebrates, including humans and horses, in which it can induce severe neurological diseases; however, data about virus circulation in other mammals is scarce. wnv has a history of recent outbreaks in europe, including serbia, where it was identified for the first time in 2010 in mosquitoes and in 2012 in birds and humans, being responsible for over 300 co ... | 2015 | 25724332 |
| antibodies to west nile virus and related flaviviruses in wild boar, red foxes and other mesomammals from spain. | red foxes (vulpes vulpes), wild boar (sus scrofa) and iberian pigs (sus scrofa domestica) that are raised extensively outdoors, as well as other wild mesomammals from south central spain and wild boar from doñana national park (dnp), were tested for antibodies against related flaviviruses by elisa and for antibodies against wnv by vnt. mean flavivirus seroprevalence according to elisa was 20.4 ± 7.8% (21 out of 103) in red foxes, 12.6 ± 2.8% (69 out of 545) in wild boars, and 3.3±2.7% (6 out of ... | 2012 | 22595138 |
| sheep carrying pathogenic yersinia enterocolitica bioserotypes 2/o:9 and 5/o:3 in the feces at slaughter. | yersinia enterocolitica is a heterogeneous species including non-pathogenic strains belonging to biotype 1a and pathogenic strains belonging to biotypes 1b and 2-5. pathogenic strains of biotypes 2-4 carrying the ail virulence gene have frequently been isolated from domestic pigs at slaughter. in sheep, mostly non-pathogenic biotype 1a strains have been reported. in our study, the prevalence of ail-positive y. enterocolitica was studied by pcr and culturing in 406 young sheep (<1year of age) and ... | 2016 | 27938687 |
| molecular, serological and epidemiological observations after a suspected outbreak of plague in nyimba, eastern zambia. | plague is a re-emerging zoonotic disease caused by the bacterium yersinia pestis. the disease has caused periodic global devastation since the first outbreak in the 6th century. two months after a suspected plague outbreak in nyimba district, samples were collected from 94 livestock (goats and pigs), 25 rodents, 6 shrews and 33 fleas. enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) techniques were used to investigate the presence of y. pestis, which showed that 16.0 ... | 2017 | 27578859 |
| feral pigs as hosts for amblyomma sculptum (acari: ixodidae) populations in the pantanal, mato grosso do sul, brazil. | the pantanal in brazil is the largest floodplain of the world. this ecosystem, rich in wildlife, has a large feral pig population. such a large host biomass must have a strong influence on the parasite fauna. in this work, we evaluated the role of feral pigs in the maintenance of amblyomma sculptum (formerly amblyomma cajennense), the most prevalent tick species in the pantanal. tick infestations were evaluated on 243 feral pigs and their environment. the suitability of domestic pigs, representi ... | 2014 | 25037743 |
| bee pollen as a promising agent in the burn wounds treatment. | the aim of the present study was to visualize the benefits and advantages derived from preparations based on extracts of bee pollen as compared to pharmaceuticals commonly used in the treatment of burns. the bee pollen ointment was applied for the first time in topical burn treatment. experimental burn wounds were inflicted on two white, domestic pigs. clinical, histopathological, and microbiological assessment of specimens from burn wounds, inflicted on polish domestic pigs, treated with silver ... | 2016 | 27293466 |
| different patterns of cartilage mineralization analyzed by comparison of human, porcine, and bovine laryngeal cartilages. | laryngeal cartilages undergo a slow ossification process during aging, making them an excellent model for studying cartilage mineralization and ossification processes. pig laryngeal cartilages are similar to their human counterparts in shape and size, also undergo mineralization, facilitating the study of cartilage mineralization. we investigated the processes of cartilage mineralization and ossification and compared these with the known processes in growth plates. thyroid cartilages from glutar ... | 2017 | 28388264 |
| report of mecc-carrying mrsa in domestic swine. | we unexpectedly identified mrsa isolates carrying mecc (mecc-mrsa) from a danish swine farm located in eastern zealand. the objective of the present study was to investigate the origin of these isolates and their genetic relatedness to other mecc-mrsa isolates from zealand. | 2017 | 27650187 |
| a triple culture model of the blood-brain barrier using porcine brain endothelial cells, astrocytes and pericytes. | in vitro blood-brain barrier (bbb) models based on primary brain endothelial cells (becs) cultured as monoculture or in co-culture with primary astrocytes and pericytes are useful for studying many properties of the bbb. the becs retain their expression of tight junction proteins and efflux transporters leading to high trans-endothelial electric resistance (teer) and low passive paracellular permeability. the becs, astrocytes and pericytes are often isolated from small rodents. larger species as ... | 2015 | 26241648 |
| east african pigs have a complex indian, far eastern and western ancestry. | in this study, we have characterized the mitochondrial diversity of 81 swine from uganda. median-joining network analysis of d-loop sequences from these individuals and others characterized in previous studies allowed us to determine that ugandan pigs cluster with populations from the west (europe/north africa), far east and india. in addition, partial sequencing of the y-chromosome uty locus in 18 ugandan domestic pigs revealed the segregation of a single hy1 lineage that has a cosmopolitan dis ... | 2015 | 26011180 |
| effects of bovine lactoferrin in surgically created bone defects on bone regeneration around implants. | the aim of this experimental study was to evaluate the effect of bovine lactoferrin (blf)-loaded gelatin microspheres (gm) used in combination with anorganic bovine bone on bone regeneration in surgically created bone defects around tooth implants. twenty-four uniform bone defects were created in the frontal bone via an extraoral approach in 12 domestic pigs. twenty-four implants were placed at the center of the defects. in eight animals one of these defects was filled with 0.3 ml anorganic bovi ... | 2015 | 25807903 |
| [assessment of bovine pericardium (tutomesh®) and coated polypropylene (proceed®) in the para-oesophageal position in a pig model]. | hiatal hernias are nowadays increasingly treated with meshes. often, biological implants are being used for this application. oesophageal perforations have been reported as rare but serious complications from the application of synthetic meshes at the oesophageal hiatus. the role of the different mesh types has not been clearly established by experimental research so far. in the present large animal model, we investigated two implant types (tutomesh® and proceed®) with respect to their biocompat ... | 2015 | 25738433 |
| reproductive physiology and ovarian folliculogenesis examined via 1h-nmr metabolomics signatures: a comparative study of large and small follicles in three mammalian species (bos taurus, sus scrofa domesticus and equus ferus caballus). | the aim of this study was to characterize the composition of follicular fluid (ff) collected from the small and large follicles of three mammalian species, bos taurus, sus scrofa domesticus, and equus ferus caballus, that display distinct ovulatory properties. for each species, five large ff samples and five small ff samples were analyzed using 1h-nmr spectroscopy. the ff metabolic profiles of the three species were very distinct. in cows and mares, the metabolic profiles of large ff and small f ... | 2015 | 25393852 |
| reproductive technologies and the porcine embryonic transcriptome. | the domestic pig is not only an economically-important livestock species, but also an increasingly recognized biomedical animal model due to its physiological similarities with humans. as a result, there is a strong interest in the factors that affect the efficient production of viable embryos and offspring in the pig using either in vivo or in vitro production methods. the application of assisted reproductive technologies (art) has the potential to increase reproductive efficiency in livestock. ... | 2014 | 24953007 |
| variation in mitochondrial minichromosome composition between blood-sucking lice of the genus haematopinus that infest horses and pigs. | the genus haematopinus contains 21 species of blood-sucking lice, parasitizing both even-toed ungulates (pigs, cattle, buffalo, antelopes, camels and deer) and odd-toed ungulates (horses, donkeys and zebras). the mitochondrial genomes of the domestic pig louse, haematopinus suis, and the wild pig louse, haematopinus apri, have been sequenced recently; both lice have fragmented mitochondrial genomes with 37 genes on nine minichromosomes. to understand whether the composition of mitochondrial mini ... | 2014 | 24690192 |
| high-powered microwave ablation with a small-gauge, gas-cooled antenna: initial ex vivo and in vivo results. | to evaluate the performance of a gas-cooled, high-powered microwave system. | 2012 | 22277272 |
| first detection of sarcoptes scabiei from domesticated pig (sus scrofa) and genetic characterization of s. scabiei from pet, farm and wild hosts in israel. | in this report we describe for the first time the detection of sarcoptes scabiei type suis mites on domestic pigs in israel and examine its genetic variation compared with s. sabiei from other hosts. microscopic examination of skin samples from s. scabiei-infested pigs (sus scrofa domesticus) revealed all developmental stages of s. scabiei. to detect genetic differences between s. scabiei from different hosts, samples obtained from pig, rabbits (orictolagus cuniculus), fox (vulpes vulpes), jacka ... | 2015 | 26002310 |
| immunohistochemical and functional analysis of ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1 (cd39) and ecto-5'-nucleotidase (cd73) in pig aortic valves. | extracellular nucleotides control mechanisms such as thrombosis or inflammation that are important in several pathologies, including heart valve disease and calcification. ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1 (entpd1, cd39) and ecto-5'-nucleotidase (e5nt, cd73) are ectoenzymes that convert adenosine triphosphate to adenosine diphosphate, adenosine monophosphate and finally to adenosine. changes in activities of these enzymes influence extracellular nucleotide concentrations and there ... | 2014 | 24940684 |
| multispecies purification of testicular germ cells. | advanced methods of cellular purification are required to apply genome technology to the study of spermatogenesis. one approach, based on flow cytometry of murine testicular cells stained with hoechst-33342 (ho-facs), has been extensively optimized and currently allows the isolation of 9 germ cell types. this staining technique is straightforward to implement, highly effective at purifying specific germ cell types and yields sufficient cell numbers for high throughput studies. ho-facs is a techn ... | 2016 | 27557646 |
| dynamics of necrophagous insect and tissue bacteria for postmortem interval estimation during the warm season in romania. | the estimation of postmortem interval (pmi) is affected by several factors including the cause of death, the place where the body lay after death, and the weather conditions during decomposition. given the climatic differences among biogeographic locations, the understanding of necrophagous insect species biology and ecology is required when estimating pmi. the current experimental model was developed in romania during the warm season in an outdoor location. the aim of the study was to identify ... | 2016 | 26487246 |
| endemic infection of stranded southern sea otters (enhydra lutris nereis) with novel parvovirus, polyomavirus, and adenovirus. | over the past century, the southern sea otter (sso; enhydra lutris nereis) population has been slowly recovering from near extinction due to overharvest. the sso is a threatened species under federal law and a fully protected species under california law. through a multiagency collaborative program, stranded animals are rehabilitated and released, while deceased animals are necropsied and tissues are cryopreserved to facilitate scientific study. here, we processed archival tissues to enrich part ... | 2017 | 28192039 |
| a quantitative ethnozoological study of traditionally used animals in pachamalai hills of tamil nadu, india. | the purpose of this study was designed to gather primary folk knowledge on different animal based therapies used by malayalis in pachamalai hills. this is the first ethnozoological study in pachamalai hills; the data regarding the medicinal animals/animal products were documented and their usages were analyzed quantitatively. | 2015 | 26002766 |
| molecular survey of blastocystis sp. from humans and associated animals in an indonesian community with poor hygiene. | blastocystis sp. is a common parasite found in human and animal fecal samples. currently, human blastocystis isolates are classified into nine subtypes (sts) based on the phylogeny of their small subunit ribosomal rna genes (ssu rdnas). since eight of the nine sts, except for st9, have been reported in both humans and animals, these parasites are considered to be potentially zoonotic sts. to evaluate whether zoonotic transmissions play a main role in the lifecycle of blastocystis, sts derived fr ... | 2016 | 27080248 |
| improved experimental model to evaluate submucosal injection solutions for endoscopic submucosal dissection. | endoscopic submucosal dissection carries an increased risk of bleeding and perforation. the creation of a long lasting submucosal cushion is essential for the safe and complete removal of the lesion. there is not a suitable experimental model for evaluation of the durability of the cushioning effect of different solutions. | 2016 | 26734797 |
| comparison of electrical current and ultrasonic device for incision of the septum of the pharyngoesophageal diverticulum in a pig model. | complications of endoscopic treatment of pharyngoesophageal diverticulum (ped) such as bleeding and perforation occur in up to 15 % of cases. our objective was to compare incision of the ped septum using the ultrasonic device (group h) with incision using electrical current (group m) in a pig model. | 2015 | 25669640 |
| molecular epizootiology and diagnosis of porcine babesiosis in sardinia, italy. | the recent characterization of the 18s ribosomal rna (rrna) of a pathogenic babesia species in a domestic sow paved the way for establishing diagnostic and epidemiological tools for porcine babesiosis. here, we developed the first specific babesia sp. suis pcr, and we applied this test to a panel of samples collected from animals living in a typical mediterranean environment (sardinia, italy), including domestic pigs, wild boars, and ticks. in domestic pigs, pcr coupled with sequencing revealed ... | 2014 | 25325315 |
| expression of nk1 receptor at the protein and mrna level in the porcine female reproductive system. | the presence and distribution of substance p (sp) receptor nk1 was studied in the ovary, the oviduct and the uterus (uterine horn and cervix) of the domestic pig using the methods of molecular biology (rt-pcr and immunoblot) and immunohistochemistry. the expression of nk1 receptor at mrna level was confirmed with rt-pcr in all the studied parts of the porcine female reproductive system by the presence of 525 bp pcr product and at the protein level by the detection of 46 kda protein band in immun ... | 2014 | 25286656 |
| comamonas faecalis sp. nov., isolated from domestic pig feces. | a new bacterial strain, designated as ff42(t), was isolated from feces of domestic pigs-collected from suwon, korea-and was characterized to determine its taxonomic position. strain ff42(t) was observed to be gram negative, aerobic, non-spore forming, motile, and rod-shaped cells. based on the phylogenetic and 16s rrna sequence analyses, it was revealed that strain ff42(t) belonged to the genus comamonas. the highest degree of sequence similarities was determined to be with comamonas zonglianii ... | 2014 | 24633862 |
| testis morphometry and kinetics of spermatogenesis in the feral pig (sus scrofa). | the feral pig (sus scrofa sp) also known as monteiro pig, originated from a domestic pig breed that was introduced into pantanal region in brazil in the eighteenth century. although the feral pig has commercial potential, there are few reports in the literature concerning the reproductive biology of this species. therefore, the aim of this study was to further describe the feral pig testis parenchyma as well as characterize the stages of the seminiferous epithelium cycle by tubular morphology me ... | 2013 | 24100067 |
| a new species of rhipicephalus (acari: ixodidae), a parasite of red river hogs and domestic pigs in the democratic republic of congo. | a new tick species belonging to the genus rhipicephalus koch, 1844 (acari: ixodidae), namely, rhipicephalus congolensis n. sp., is described. males and females of this species are similar to those of rhipicephalus complanatus neumann, 1911 and rhipicephalus planus neumann, 1907, but it can be distinguished from them by a pattern of dense medium-sized punctations on the conscutum and scutum. males of r. congolensis may be distinguished by the following characters: posterior half of the marginal g ... | 2013 | 23802441 |
| glycocalyx characterisation and glycoprotein expression of sus domesticus epididymal sperm surface samples. | the sperm surface is covered with a dense coating of carbohydrate-rich molecules. many of these molecules are involved in the acquisition of fertilising ability. in the present study, eight lectins (i.e. arachis hypogae (peanut) agglutinin (pna), lens culimaris (lentil) agglutinin-a (lca), pisum sativum (pea) agglutin (psa), triticum vulgari (wheat) germ agglutinin (wga), helix pomatia agglutinin (hpa), phaseolus vulgaris (red kidney bean) leucoagglutinin (pha-l), glycine max (soybean) agglutini ... | 2012 | 22541550 |
| novel pestivirus species in pigs, austria, 2015. | a novel pestivirus species was discovered in a piglet-producing farm in austria during virologic examinations of congenital tremor cases. the emergence of this novel pestivirus species, provisionally termed linda virus, in domestic pigs may have implications for classical swine fever virus surveillance and porcine health management. | 2017 | 28628456 |
| genetic characterization of swine influenza viruses isolated in japan between 2009 and 2012. | eleven swine influenza viruses (sivs) isolated from pigs in japanese institutions between 2009 and 2012 were genetically characterized. seven h1n1 were shown to have originated from a(h1n1)pdm09 viruses. two h1n2 viruses contained h1 and n2 genes of japanese h1n2 siv origin together with internal genes of a(h1n1)pdm09 viruses. two h3n2 viruses isolated during animal quarantine were identified as triple reassortant h3n2 viruses maintained among pigs in north america. this study shows that a(h1n1) ... | 2012 | 22924526 |
| domestic pig unlikely reservoir for mers-cov. | we tested the suitability of the domestic pig as a model for middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) infection. inoculation did not cause disease, but a low level of virus replication, shedding, and seroconversion were observed. pigs do not recapitulate human mers-cov and are unlikely to constitute a reservoir in nature. | 2017 | 28318484 |
| evidence for a primate origin of zoonotic helicobacter suis colonizing domesticated pigs. | helicobacter suis is the second most prevalent helicobacter species in the stomach of humans suffering from gastric disease. this bacterium mainly inhabits the stomach of domesticated pigs, in which it causes gastric disease, but it appears to be absent in wild boars. interestingly, it also colonizes the stomach of asymptomatic rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys. the origin of modern human-, pig- or non-human primate-associated h. suis strains in these respective host populations was hitherto unknown ... | 2017 | 28885626 |
| insights into reston virus spillovers and adaption from virus whole genome sequences. | reston virus (family filoviridae) is unique among the viruses of the ebolavirus genus in that it is considered non-pathogenic in humans, in contrast to the other members which are highly virulent. the virus has however, been associated with several outbreaks of highly lethal hemorrhagic fever in non-human primates (nhps), specifically cynomolgus monkeys (macaca fascicularis) originating in the philippines. in addition, reston virus has been isolated from domestic pigs in the philippines. to bett ... | 2017 | 28542463 |
| carbonic anhydrase-related protein xi: structure of the gene in the greater false vampire bat (megaderma lyra) compared with human and domestic pig. | carbonic anhydrase-related protein xi (ca-rp xi) is a member of the α-carbonic anhydrase family (encoded by the gene ca-11), which has lost features of the active site required for enzymatic activity. using pcr, we amplified ca-11 from genomic dna of the bat megaderma lyra. to elucidate the gene structure, we sequenced pcr products and compared their sequences with genomic and mrna sequences known from human and domestic pig. we identified and sequenced eight introns in the bat ca-11. five intro ... | 2013 | 23417223 |
| erythrocytes from ggta1/cmah knockout pigs: implications for xenotransfusion and testing in non-human primates. | pig erythrocytes are potentially useful to solve the worldwide shortage of human blood for transfusion. domestic pig erythrocytes, however, express antigens that are bound by human preformed antibodies. advances in genetic engineering have made it possible to rapidly knock out the genes of multiple xenoantigens, namely galactose α1,3 galactose (agal) and n-glycolylneuraminic acid (neu5gc). we have recently targeted the ggta1 and cmah genes with zinc finger endonucleases resulting in double knock ... | 2016 | 24986655 |
| species identification in meat products: a new screening method based on high resolution melting analysis of cyt b gene. | meat adulteration by substitution with lower value products and/or mislabeling involves economic, health, quality and socio-religious issues. therefore, identification and traceability of meat species has become an important subject to detect possible fraudulent practices. in the present study the development of a high resolution melt (hrm) screening method for the identification of eight common meat species is reported. samples from bos taurus, ovis aries, sus scrofa domestica, equus caballus, ... | 2017 | 28764056 |
| microvascular patterns in the blubber of shallow and deep diving odontocetes. | blubber, a specialized form of subdermal adipose tissue, surrounds marine mammal bodies. typically, adipose tissue is perfused by capillaries but information on blubber vascularization is lacking. this study's goals were to: 1) describe and compare the microvasculature (capillaries, microarterioles, and microvenules) of blubber across odontocete species; 2) compare microvasculature of blubber to adipose tissue; and 3) examine relationships between blubber's lipid composition and its microvascula ... | 2012 | 22592863 |
| brucellosis in mammals of costa rica: an epidemiological survey. | brucellosis has been an endemic disease of cattle and humans in costa rica since the beginning of xx century. however, brucellosis in sheep, goats, pigs, water buffaloes, horses and cetaceans, has not been reported in the country. we have performed a brucellosis survey in these host mammal species, from 1999-2016. in addition, we have documented the number of human brucellosis reported cases, from 2003-2016. the brucellosis seroprevalence in goat and sheep herds was 0.98% and 0.7% respectively, ... | 2017 | 28793352 |
| survey for selected pathogens in wild pigs (sus scrofa) from guam, marianna islands, usa. | pigs (sus scrofa) were introduced to guam in the 1600's and are now present in high densities throughout the island. wild pigs are reservoirs for pathogens of concern to domestic animals and humans. exposure to porcine parvovirus, transmissible gastroenteritis, and leptospira interrogans has been documented in domestic swine but data from wild pigs are lacking. the close proximity of humans, domestic animals, and wild pigs, combined with the liberal hunting of wild pigs, results in frequent oppo ... | 2017 | 28622856 |
| investigations of pro- and anti-apoptotic factors affecting african swine fever virus replication and pathogenesis. | african swine fever virus (asfv) is a large dna virus that replicates predominantly in the cell cytoplasm and is the only member of the asfarviridae family. the virus causes an acute haemorrhagic fever, african swine fever (asf), in domestic pigs and wild boar resulting in the death of most infected animals. apoptosis is induced at an early stage during virus entry or uncoating. however, asfv encodes anti-apoptotic proteins which facilitate production of progeny virions. these anti-apoptotic pro ... | 2017 | 28841179 |
| evaluation of blowfly larvae (diptera: calliphoridae) as possible reservoirs and mechanical vectors of african swine fever virus. | in 2014, highly virulent african swine fever virus (asfv) was introduced into the baltic states and poland, with new cases being reported almost every week from wild boar and also from domestic pigs. contrary to initial predictions that the disease would either die out due to the high virulence of the virus strain or spread rapidly in westerly direction, the infection became endemic and spread slowly. the unexpected disease epidemiology led to the hypothesis that hitherto unconsidered factors mi ... | 2017 | 28762629 |
| detection of african swine fever virus in the tissues of asymptomatic pigs in smallholder farming systems along the kenya-uganda border: implications for transmission in endemic areas and asf surveillance in east africa. | the persistence of african swine fever virus (asfv) in endemic areas, with small-scale but regular outbreaks in domestic pigs, is not well understood. asfv has not been detected using conventional diagnosis in these pigs or adjacent populations of resistant african wild pigs, that could act as potential carriers during the outbreaks. however, such data are crucial for the design of evidence-based control strategies. we conducted cross-sectional (1107 pigs) and longitudinal (100 pigs) monitoring ... | 2017 | 28721858 |
| african swine fever virus: a review. | african swine fever (asf) is a highly contagious viral disease of swine which causes high mortality, approaching 100%, in domestic pigs. asf is caused by a large, double stranded dna virus, asf virus (asfv), which replicates predominantly in the cytoplasm of macrophages and is the only member of the asfarviridae family, genus asfivirus. the natural hosts of this virus include wild suids and arthropod vectors of the ornithodoros genus. the infection of asfv in its reservoir hosts is usually asymp ... | 2017 | 28489063 |
| development of a fluorescent asfv strain that retains the ability to cause disease in swine. | african swine fever is a contagious and often lethal disease for domestic pigs with a significant economic impact for the swine industry. the etiological agent, african swine fever virus (asfv), is a highly structurally complex double stranded dna virus. no effective vaccines or antiviral treatment are currently commercially available. we present here the development of a strain of asfv that has been shown to retain its ability to cause disease in swine, efficiently replicate in swine macrophage ... | 2017 | 28436458 |