| analysis of nifh gene diversity in red soil amended with manure in jiangxi, south china. | in order to understand the community structure of diazotrophs in red soil and effects of organic manure application on the structure, four nifh gene libraries were constructed: the control (ck), low manure (lm), high manure (hm), and high manure adding lime (ml). totally 150 nifh gene clones were screened and grouped into 21 clusters by rflp analysis. existence of dominant patterns was observed in all libraries, which counted for over 96% of clones in library hm and about 56 approximately 72% in ... | 2009 | 19412595 |
| burkholderia sp. kctc 11096bp as a newly isolated gibberellin producing bacterium. | we isolated 864 bacteria from 553 soil samples and bioassayed them on cucumber and crown daisy for plant growth promotion. a new bacterial strain, burkholderia sp. kctc 11096bp gave maximum growth promotion and was selected for further investigations. the culture filtrate of this bacterium was thus analyzed for the presence of gibberellins and we found physiologically active gibberellins were found (ga(1), 0.23 ng/100 ml; ga(3), 5.11 ng/100 ml and ga(4), 2.65 ng/100 ml) along with physiologicall ... | 2009 | 19412600 |
| mediastinal abscess after lung transplantation secondary to burkholderia gladioli infection. | burkholderia gladioli is an unusual organism that has become increasingly responsible for infections in patients who are immunosuppressed, including patients who have undergone solid organ transplantation. this article presents a patient in whom a mediastinal mass due to burkholderia gladioli developed after lung transplantation. a review of the literature is also presented. | 2009 | 19416783 |
| linear alkylbenzene sulfonate tolerance in bacteria isolated from sediment of tropical water bodies polluted with detergents. | the discharge of untreated detergent-bearing waste introduces linear alklcylbenzene sulfonates (las) to the aquatic environment. the surfactant persists in some streams and rivers in nigeria, some is adsorbed to suspended materials and end in the sediment of the receiving water bodies. in this study, bacteria isolated from sediments of some tropical detergent-effluent-polluted streams were tested for tolerance to las using the media dilution technique. las-tolerance was indicated by growth of th ... | 2008 | 19419067 |
| melioidotic prostatic abscess in pahang. | melioidosis is caused by burkholderia pseudomallei, a gram-negative bacillus. melioidosis can affect many organs, including the prostate. however, prostatic abscess due to melioidosis is uncommon. we describe five cases of melioidosis with prostatic abscess. four of five patients had diabetes mellitus and had more than one organ involvement. the diagnosis of prostatic abscess in our patients was only made with computed tomography of the abdomen and pelvis. none of our patients underwent surgical ... | 2009 | 19421682 |
| comparison of the in vitro and in vivo susceptibilities of burkholderia mallei to ceftazidime and levofloxacin. | burkholderia mallei is a zoonotic gram negative bacterium which primarily infects solipeds but can cause lethal disease in humans if left untreated. the effect of two antibiotics with different modes of action on burkholderia mallei strain atcc23344 was investigated by using in vitro and in vivo studies. | 2009 | 19426516 |
| enhancement of aerobic biodegradation in an oxygen-limiting environment using a saponin-based microbubble suspension. | this study investigated the ability of a saponin-based microbubble suspension to enhance aerobic biodegradation of phenanthrene by subsurface delivery. as the microbubble suspension flowed through a sand column pressure buildup and release was repeatedly observed, which delivered oxygen to the less permeable regions. burkholderia cepacia rph1, a phenanthrene-degrading bacterium, was mainly transported in a suspended form in the microbubble suspension. when three pore volumes of the microbubble s ... | 2009 | 19427721 |
| activity of cephalosporin cxa-101 (fr264205) against pseudomonas aeruginosa and burkholderia cepacia group strains and isolates. | twenty-five years after its introduction, ceftazidime remains the most active cephalosporin against pseudomonas aeruginosa. nevertheless, resistance arises by upregulation of ampc beta-lactamase, by efflux or, less often, via acquisition of additional beta-lactamases. mutational resistance is especially prevalent among cystic fibrosis (cf) isolates. we examined the activity of a novel oxyimino-aminothiazolyl cephalosporin, cxa-101 (fr264205), against p. aeruginosa strains with defined resistance ... | 2009 | 19428220 |
| primary ocular melioidosis due to a single genotype of burkholderia pseudomallei in two cats from arnhem land in the northern territory of australia. | melioidosis was diagnosed in two domestic crossbred cats presented for unilateral ocular disease. one patient was born and bred in nhulunbuy, arnhem land, while the other had moved there 6 months previously from townsville, queensland. both patients were presented with sudden onset of a 'red eye' and blepharospasm, which progressed to an enlarged, painful, firm globe with loss of pupillary light reflexes and vision. an obvious primary focus of infection outside the eye was not detected in either ... | 2009 | 19428280 |
| deactivation and unfolding are uncoupled in a bacterial lipase exposed to heat, low ph and organic solvents. | the lipase from burkholderia glumae (bgl) was incubated at variable temperature, ph and concentration of organic solvents, and the decrease of enzymatic activity was compared to changes in the molecular structure as monitored by esi-mass spectrometry. we observed that deactivation is not strictly related to structural instability in the assay conditions, in fact (i) thermal deactivation preceded denaturation; (ii) acid-induced deactivation arose at higher ph than partial or global protein unfold ... | 2009 | 19428729 |
| involvement of two transport systems and a specific porin in the uptake of phthalate by burkholderia spp. | burkholderia spp. that degrade phthalate have an abc transporter-type phthalate transport system (ophfgh) and a specific porin (ophp) in addition to a permease-type phthalate transporter (ophd). ophfgh has a lower k(m) and higher v(max) than ophd, which affects how the bacteria grow. ophp is involved in both mechanisms of transport. | 2009 | 19429613 |
| intracellular excision and reintegration dynamics of the iceclc genomic island of pseudomonas knackmussii sp. strain b13. | genomic islands are dna elements acquired by horizontal gene transfer that are common to a large number of bacterial genomes, which can contribute specific adaptive functions, e.g. virulence, metabolic capacities or antibiotic resistances. some genomic islands are still self-transferable and display an intricate life-style, reminiscent of both bacteriophages and conjugative plasmids. here we studied the dynamical process of genomic island excision and intracellular reintegration using the integr ... | 2009 | 19432799 |
| the rho gtpase inactivation domain in vibrio cholerae martx toxin has a circularly permuted papain-like thiol protease fold. | a rho gtpase inactivation domain (rid) has been discovered in the multifunctional, autoprocessing rtx toxin rtxa from vibrio cholerae. the rid domain causes actin depolymerization and rounding of host cells through inactivation of the small rho gtpases rho, rac, and cdc42. with only a few toxin proteins containing rid domains in the current sequence database, the structure and molecular mechanisms of this domain are unknown. using comparative sequence and structural analyses, we report homology ... | 2009 | 19434753 |
| crystal structures of cif from bacterial pathogens photorhabdus luminescens and burkholderia pseudomallei. | a pre-requisite for bacterial pathogenesis is the successful interaction of a pathogen with a host. one mechanism used by a broad range of gram negative bacterial pathogens is to deliver effector proteins directly into host cells through a dedicated type iii secretion system where they modulate host cell function. the cycle inhibiting factor (cif) family of effector proteins, identified in a growing number of pathogens that harbour functional type iii secretion systems and have a wide host range ... | 2009 | 19440549 |
| a rapid and efficient method for directed screening of lipase-producing burkholderia cepacia complex strains with organic solvent tolerance from rhizosphere. | lipase from burkholderia cepacia strain is one of the most versatile biocatalysts and is used widely in many biotechnological application fields including detergent additives, the resolution of racemic compounds, etc. based on the known whole genomic information of b. cepacia strain, both ampicillin and kanamycin were added to the tb-t medium to screen b. cepacia complex stains from rhizosphere soil samples. the selected colonies from the modified tb-t medium were then qualitatively determined t ... | 2009 | 19447345 |
| bacterial associates of arboreal ants and their putative functions in an obligate ant-plant mutualism. | bacterial communities are highly diverse and have great ecological importance. in the present study, we used an in silico analysis of terminal restriction fragments (trf) to characterize the bacterial community of the plant ant pseudomyrmex ferrugineus. this species is an obligate inhabitant of acacia myrmecophytes and feeds exclusively on plant-derived food sources. ants are the dominant insect group in tropical rain forests. associations of ants with microbes, which contribute particularly to ... | 2009 | 19447959 |
| antagonistic interactions between garden yeasts and microfungal garden pathogens of leaf-cutting ants. | we investigate the diversity of yeasts isolated in gardens of the leafcutter ant atta texana. repeated sampling of gardens from four nests over a 1-year time period showed that gardens contain a diverse assemblage of yeasts. the yeast community in gardens consisted mostly of yeasts associated with plants or soil, but community composition changed between sampling periods. in order to understand the potential disease-suppressing roles of the garden yeasts, we screened isolates for antagonistic ef ... | 2009 | 19449210 |
| global optimal eburst analysis of multilocus typing data using a graphic matroid approach. | multilocus sequence typing (mlst) is a frequently used typing method for the analysis of the clonal relationships among strains of several clinically relevant microbial species. mlst is based on the sequence of housekeeping genes that result in each strain having a distinct numerical allelic profile, which is abbreviated to a unique identifier: the sequence type (st). the relatedness between two strains can then be inferred by the differences between allelic profiles. for a more comprehensive an ... | 2009 | 19450271 |
| acute burkholderia cenocepacia pyomyositis in a patient with cystic fibrosis. | extra-pulmonary complications of burkholderia cepacia complex (bcc) infection in patients with cystic fibrosis are unusual. to the best of the authors' knowledge no case of pyomyositis secondary to bcc infection has been reported previously. | 2009 | 19451037 |
| burkholderia pseudomallei tropism and the melioidosis road map. | | 2009 | 19456227 |
| nasal-associated lymphoid tissue and olfactory epithelium as portals of entry for burkholderia pseudomallei in murine melioidosis. | burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, is generally considered to be acquired via inhalation of dust or water droplets from the environment. in this study, we show that infection of the nasal mucosa is potentially an important portal of entry in melioidosis. | 2009 | 19456230 |
| a novel aminopeptidase from burkholderia cepacia specific for acidic amino acids. | an aminopeptidase specific for the n-terminal acidic residue (bcepap) was purified from the cell extract of burkholderia cepacia svr as a homotrimeric (subunit mass 66 kda) molecule. it was identified as an unassigned peptidase of family m61. the only other member characterized so far from this family is a broad-specificity aminopeptidase of sphingomonas capsulata (scapap) with preference for gly or ala residues. however, bcepap exhibited narrow specificity and the preferred substrate was a pept ... | 2009 | 19456865 |
| [homologous expression of burkholderia cepacia g63 lipase gene based on t7 rna polymerase expression system]. | in order to realize over-expression of burkholderia cepacia (b. cepacia) lipase, we introduced the widely used t7 ran polymerase expression system into b. cepacia g63 to over-express the lipase gene. by using pcr technique, we amplified the t7 rna polymerase gene (t7 rnap) from the bl21 (de3) and cloned it into the suicide plasmid pjq200sk. after that, we flanked t7 rnap with two 500 bp homologous fragments and integrated it into the genomes of b. cepacia by tri-parental mating, so that t7 rnap ... | 2009 | 19459326 |
| the presence of a 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (acc) deaminase deletion mutation alters the physiology of the endophytic plant growth-promoting bacterium burkholderia phytofirmans psjn. | the structural gene for 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (acc) deaminase (acds) from the endophytic plant growth-promoting bacterium burkholderia phytofirmans psjn was isolated and used to construct a mutant strain b. phytofirmans ys2 (b. phytofirmans psjn/delta acds), in which an internal segment of the acds gene was deleted. the mutant ys2 lost acc deaminase activity as well as the ability to promote the elongation of the roots of canola seedlings. concomitant with the creation of this deleti ... | 2009 | 19459964 |
| effect of nitrofurans and no generators on biofilm formation by pseudomonas aeruginosa pao1 and burkholderia cenocepacia 370. | antibacterial drugs in the nitrofuran series, such as nitrofurazone, furazidin, nitrofurantoin and nifuroxazide, as well as the nitric oxide generators sodium nitroprusside and isosorbide mononitrate in concentrations that do not suppress bacterial growth, were shown to increase the capacity of pathogenic bacteria pseudomonas aeruginosa pao1 and burkholderia cenocepacia 370 to form biofilms. at 25-100microg/ml, nitrofurans 2-2.5-fold enhanced biofilm formation of p. aeruginosa pao1, and no donor ... | 2009 | 19460431 |
| [development of a multiplex pcr-suspension array for simultaneous detection of five bioterrorism bacteria]. | to develop a rapid, high-throughput screening method of gene suspension array technique to simultaneously detect five bioterrorism bacteria: bacillus anthracis, francisella tularensis, yersinia pestis, brucella spp. and burkholderia pseudomallei. | 2009 | 19462919 |
| distal end of 105-125 loop--a putative reductase binding domain of phthalate dioxygenase. | the phthalate dioxygenase system consists of the dioxygenase, pdo, which contains a rieske [2fe-2s] center and a fe(ii)-mononuclear center, and the reductase, pdr. involvement of the distal end of the 105-125 loop of pdo in its interaction with pdr was tested by substituting charged residues in the loop with alanines and by replacing the conserved tryptophan-94. compared to wild-type pdo, all variants had lower catalytic activity and the rieske centers were reduced more slowly by reduced pdr. th ... | 2009 | 19464996 |
| biochemical evidence for toxr and toxj binding to the tox operons of burkholderia glumae and mutational analysis of toxr. | burkholderia glumae produces toxoflavin, a phytotoxin with a broad host range, which is a key virulence factor in bacterial rice grain rot. based on genetic analysis, we previously reported that toxr, a lysr-type regulator, activates both the toxabcde (toxoflavin biosynthesis genes) and toxfghi (toxoflavin transporter genes) operons in the presence of toxoflavin as a coinducer. quorum sensing regulates the expression of the transcriptional activator toxj that is required for tox gene expression. ... | 2009 | 19465657 |
| activity of antimicrobial peptides in the presence of polysaccharides produced by pulmonary pathogens. | antimicrobial peptides (amps) are secreted in the airway and contribute to initial defence against inhaled pathogens. infections of the respiratory tract are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in preterm newborns and in patients with cystic fibrosis (cf). in this latter group, the state of chronic lung infection is due to the ability of bacteria to grow as mucoid biofilm, a condition characterised by overproduction and release of polysaccharides (pss). in this study, we investigate the eff ... | 2009 | 19466693 |
| rapid identification of burkholderia cepacia complex species including strains of the novel taxon k, recovered from cystic fibrosis patients by intact cell maldi-tof mass spectrometry. | two approaches based on intact cell matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ic-maldi-tof ms) have been evaluated in order to discriminate and identify nine former burkholderia cepacia complex (bcc) species, burkholderia contaminans belonging to the novel taxon k, burkholderia gladioli, and the most relevant non-fermentative (nf) gram-negative rods recovered from cystic fibrosis (cf) sputum cultures. in total, 146 clinical isolates and 26 reference strains we ... | 2009 | 19475140 |
| insights into lid movements of burkholderia cepacia lipase inferred from molecular dynamics simulations. | the interfacial activation of many lipases at water/lipid interface is mediated by large conformational changes of a so-called lid subdomain that covers up the enzyme active site. here we investigated using molecular dynamic simulations in different explicit solvent environments (water, octane and water/octane interface) the molecular mechanism by which the lid motion of burkholderia cepacia lipase might operate. although b. cepacia lipase has so far only been crystallized in open conformation, ... | 2009 | 19475702 |
| characterization of an aldolase-dehydrogenase complex that exhibits substrate channeling in the polychlorinated biphenyls degradation pathway. | an aldolase and dehydrogenase complex from the polychlorinated biphenyl degradation pathway of the bacterium burkholderia xenovorans lb400 was purified. the aldolase, bphi, had the highest activity with mn(2+) as the cofactor and was able to transform 4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate and 4-hydroxy-2-oxohexanoate to pyruvate and acetaldehyde or propionaldehyde with similar specificity constants. aldolase activity was competitively inhibited by the pyruvate enolate analogue, oxalate, with a k(ic) of 0.93 ... | 2009 | 19476337 |
| modeling of solvent-dependent conformational transitions in burkholderia cepacia lipase. | the characteristic of most lipases is the interfacial activation at a lipid interface or in non-polar solvents. interfacial activation is linked to a large conformational change of a lid, from a closed to an open conformation which makes the active site accessible for substrates. while for many lipases crystal structures of the closed and open conformation have been determined, the pathway of the conformational transition and possible bottlenecks are unknown. therefore, molecular dynamics simula ... | 2009 | 19476626 |
| comparison of four selective media for the isolation of burkholderia mallei and burkholderia pseudomallei. | currently there are no commercially available selective media indicated for the isolation of burkholderia mallei and burkholderia pseudomallei. ashdown's agar, a custom selective medium for isolation of b. pseudomallei, is well described in the literature but unavailable commercially. three commercially available media, burkholderia cepacia selective agar (bcsa), oxidative-fermentative-polymyxin b-bacitracin-lactose (ofpbl) agar, and pseudomonas cepacia (pc) agar are recommended for isolation of ... | 2009 | 19478269 |
| positive serologic test results for burkholderia pseudomallei in asymptomatic persons. | | 2009 | 19478278 |
| outbreak of burkholderia cepacia bacteremia in immunocompetent children caused by contaminated nebulized sulbutamol in saudi arabia. | | 2009 | 19482223 |
| first isolation of burkholderia tropica from a neonatal patient successfully treated with imipenem. | we report the first case of a human burkholderia tropica infection. the patient was a premature neonate who had necrotizing enterocolitis with bowel perforation requiring surgical intervention. the stoma care and difficulties in feeding were a chronic problem. at the age of almost 4 months he developed septicemia due to b. tropica. three consecutive blood cultures grew this organism. the organism was cleared from the blood after a course of imipenem and resolution of post-operative ileus. our ca ... | 2010 | 19482535 |
| intraspecies signaling involving the diffusible signal factor bdsf (cis-2-dodecenoic acid) influences virulence in burkholderia cenocepacia. | burkholderia cenocepacia produces a diffusible fatty acid signal molecule, cis-2-dodecenoic acid (bdsf), that has been implicated in interspecies and interkingdom communication. here, we show that bdsf also acts as an intraspecies signal in b. cenocepacia to control factors contributing to virulence of this major opportunistic pathogen. | 2009 | 19482924 |
| family clusters of variant x-linked chronic granulomatous disease. | chronic granulomatous disease (cgd) is a rare inherited immunodeficiency disorder. the clinical presentation is varied depending on the degree of involvement of the nadph oxidase system responsible for the oxidative burst of neutrophils. we present 3 cases of variant x-linked cgd in an effort to introduce the disease and highlight the importance and limitations of cgd screening. the variant x-linked form of cgd results in a less severe phenotype and frequently presents later in life. variant x-l ... | 2009 | 19483518 |
| studies on endophytic colonization ability of two upland rice endophytes, rhizobium sp. and burkholderia sp., using green fluorescent protein reporter. | colonization ability of the two endophytic bacteria, isolated from surface sterilized roots of upland cultivated rice viz., rhizobium sp. and burkholderia sp., was compared after genetically tagging them with a constitutively expressing green fluorescent protein gene (gfp/gusa). confocal laser scanning microscopy (clsm) of gnotobiotically grown seedlings of narendradhan 97, inoculated with gfp/gusa-tagged endophytes, revealed that both rhizobium sp. and burkholderia sp. colonized the intercellul ... | 2009 | 19484303 |
| phenotypic and genetic diversity of rice seed-associated bacteria and their role in pathogenicity and biological control. | to study the phenotypic and genetic diversity of culturable bacteria associated with rice seed and to asses the antagonistic and pathogenic potential of the isolated bacteria. | 2009 | 19486410 |
| isolation and molecular characterization of a novel d-hydantoinase from jannaschia sp. ccs1. | hydantoinases (hyds) are important enzymes for industrial production of optically pure amino acids, which are widely used as precursors for various semi-synthetic antibiotics. by a process coupling genomic data mining with activity screening, a new hydantoinase, tentatively designated hyd(js), was identified from jannaschia sp. ccs1 and overexpressed in escherichia coli. the specific activity of hyd(js) on d,l-p-hydroxyphenylhydantoin as the substrate was three times higher than that of the hyda ... | 2009 | 19490017 |
| double-tagged fluorescent bacterial bioreporter for the study of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon diffusion and bioavailability. | bacterial degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs), ubiquitous contaminants from oil and coal, is typically limited by poor accessibility of the contaminant to the bacteria. in order to measure pah availability in complex systems, we designed a number of diffusion-based assays with a double-tagged bacterial reporter strain burkholderia sartisoli rp037-mche. the reporter strain is capable of mineralizing phenanthrene (phe) and induces the expression of enhanced green fluorescent pro ... | 2009 | 19490030 |
| protective efficacy of heat-inactivated b. thailandensis, b. mallei or b. pseudomallei against experimental melioidosis and glanders. | burkholderia pseudomallei and burkholderia mallei are gram-negative bacilli that are the causative agents of melioidosis and glanders, respectively. both humans and animals are susceptible to both diseases. there is currently no vaccine available for the prevention of disease. we report the protective efficacy of heat-inactivated burkholderia thailandensis, b. mallei or b. pseudomallei cells as vaccines against murine melioidosis and glanders. immunisation with heat-inactivated b. pseudomallei c ... | 2009 | 19490962 |
| modelling substrate specificity and enantioselectivity for lipases and esterases by substrate-imprinted docking. | previously, ways to adapt docking programs that were developed for modelling inhibitor-receptor interaction have been explored. two main issues were discussed. first, when trying to model catalysis a reaction intermediate of the substrate is expected to provide more valid information than the ground state of the substrate. second, the incorporation of protein flexibility is essential for reliable predictions. | 2009 | 19493341 |
| expanded multilocus sequence typing for burkholderia species. | pcr primers targeting loci in the current burkholderia cepacia complex multilocus sequence typing scheme were redesigned to (i) more reliably amplify these loci from b. cepacia complex species, (ii) amplify these same loci from additional burkholderia species, and (iii) enable the use of a single primer set per locus for both amplification and dna sequencing. | 2009 | 19494070 |
| characteristics and biotechnological applications of microbial cholesterol oxidases. | microbial cholesterol oxidase is an enzyme of great commercial value, widely employed by laboratories routinely devoted to the determination of cholesterol concentrations in serum, other clinical samples, and food. in addition, the enzyme has potential applications as a biocatalyst which can be used as an insecticide and for the bioconversion of a number of sterols and non-steroidal alcohols. the enzyme has several biological roles, which are implicated in the cholesterol metabolism, the bacteri ... | 2009 | 19495743 |
| ambr1 is a key transcriptional regulator for production of antifungal activity of burkholderia contaminans strain ms14. | burkholderia contaminans strain ms14 has a broad range of antifungal activities to plant and human pathogens. in previous studies, a 22.7-kb genomic fragment harboring six genes was shown to be involved in the production of an antifungal oligopeptide in b. contaminans strain ms14. in this study, another luxr-type regulatory gene, named ambr1, was identified downstream of the ambr2 gene, and three new orfs were found upstream of orf6 of the 22.7-kb fragment. site-directed mutagenesis revealed tha ... | 2009 | 19500142 |
| the cationic peptide magainin ii is antimicrobial for burkholderia cepacia-complex strains. | this study was undertaken to determine the antibacterial activity of eight cationic antimicrobial peptides towards strains of genomovars i-v of the burkholderia cepacia complex (bcc) in time-kill assays. all but one of the peptides failed to show activity against the panel of test strains. the exception was magainin ii, a 23 aa peptide isolated from the epidermis of the african clawed frog, xenopus laevis, which exhibited significant bactericidal activity for bcc genomovars most frequently assoc ... | 2009 | 19502364 |
| respiratory microbiology of patients with cystic fibrosis in the united states, 1995 to 2005. | numerous improvements in diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for patients with cystic fibrosis (cf) have occurred during the past 2 decades. we hypothesized that these changes could impact trends in respiratory microbiology. | 2009 | 19505987 |
| comparative analysis of extracellular enzymes and virulence exhibited by burkholderia pseudomallei from different sources. | to evaluate the potential role of extracellular proteins in the pathogenicity and virulence of burkholderia pseudomallei, the activities of several enzymes in the culture filtrates of nine clinical and six environmental isolates were investigated in vitro and in vivo in icr strain of mice. the production of protease, phosphatase, phospholipase c, superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase were detected in the culture filtrates of all the 15 isolates at different time points of growth 4-24h. o ... | 2009 | 19524661 |
| prostatic abscess due to burkholderia pseudomallei: 81 cases from a 19-year prospective melioidosis study. | we review the epidemiology, clinical presentation, management and outcome of prostatic abscess secondary to burkholderia pseudomallei infection in the northern territory, australia. we highlight the frequency of prostatic abscess occurrence in melioidosis, and formulate recommendations for its detection and management. | 2009 | 19524969 |
| biosynthesis and structure of the burkholderia cenocepacia k56-2 lipopolysaccharide core oligosaccharide: truncation of the core oligosaccharide leads to increased binding and sensitivity to polymyxin b. | burkholderia cenocepacia is an opportunistic pathogen that displays a remarkably high resistance to antimicrobial peptides. we hypothesize that high resistance to antimicrobial peptides in these bacteria is because of the barrier properties of the outer membrane. here we report the identification of genes for the biosynthesis of the core oligosaccharide (os) moiety of the b. cenocepacia lipopolysaccharide. we constructed a panel of isogenic mutants with truncated core os that facilitated functio ... | 2009 | 19525227 |
| identification of specific and universal virulence factors in burkholderia cenocepacia strains by using multiple infection hosts. | over the past few decades, strains of the burkholderia cepacia complex have emerged as important pathogens for patients suffering from cystic fibrosis. identification of virulence factors and assessment of the pathogenic potential of burkholderia strains have increased the need for appropriate infection models. in previous studies, different infection hosts, including mammals, nematodes, insects, and plants, have been used. at present, however, the extent to which the virulence factors required ... | 2009 | 19528212 |
| distinct role of specific tryptophans in facilitating electron transfer or as [fe(iv)=o trp(*)] intermediates in the peroxidase reaction of bulkholderia pseudomallei catalase-peroxidase: a multifrequency epr spectroscopy investigation. | we have characterized the reactive intermediates of the peroxidase-like reaction of bulkholderia pseudomallei katg using multifrequency epr spectroscopy. the aim was to investigate the putative role of tryptophanyl radicals as alternative intermediates to the [fe(iv)=o por(*+)] species or as short-lived species involved in superexchange-coupled pathways between redox cofactors. three distinct sites for the formation of radical intermediates, trp330, trp139 and trp153, were identified using singl ... | 2009 | 19530730 |
| structural study and conformational behavior of the two different lipopolysaccharide o-antigens produced by the cystic fibrosis pathogen burkholderia multivorans. | lipopolysaccharides (lpss) are virulence factors expressed by gram-negative bacteria; they are among those mainly responsible for bacterial virulence. in this work we define the primary structure and the conformational features of the o-chain from the lps produced by the highly virulent clinical isolate burkholderia multivorans strain c1576, an opportunistic human pathogen isolated in a cystic fibrosis center and causative of an outbreak with lethal outcome. we demonstrate that the lps from this ... | 2009 | 19533713 |
| lack of myd88 protects the immunodeficient host against fatal lung inflammation triggered by the opportunistic bacteria burkholderia cenocepacia. | burkholderia cenocepacia is an opportunistic pathogen of major concern for cystic fibrosis patients as well as immunocompromised cancer patients and transplant recipients. the mechanisms by which b. cenocepacia triggers a rapid health deterioration of the susceptible host have yet to be characterized. tlr and their key signaling intermediate myd88 play a central role in the detection of microbial molecular patterns and in the initiation of an effective immune response. we performed a study to be ... | 2009 | 19535624 |
| specific rhizosphere bacterial and fungal groups respond differently to elevated atmospheric co(2). | soil community responses to increased atmospheric co(2) concentrations are expected to occur mostly through interactions with changing vegetation patterns and plant physiology. to gain insight into the effects of elevated atmospheric co(2) on the composition and functioning of microbial communities in the rhizosphere, carex arenaria (a non-mycorrhizal plant species) and festuca rubra (a mycorrhizal plant species) were grown under defined atmospheric conditions with either ambient (350 p.p.m.) or ... | 2009 | 19536195 |
| prevalence of burkholderia pseudomallei in guangxi, china. | melioidosis, an infectious disease caused by the gram-negative bacterium burkholderia pseudomallei, is now recognized as an important public health problem in southeast asia and tropical northern australia. although b. pseudomallei has been detected in various water and soil samples in southeast china, the enviromental distribution of b. pseudomallei in china is unclear. in the winter months of 2007, 154 and 130 soil and water samples, respectively, were collected from several locations in guang ... | 2010 | 19538822 |
| investigative mining of sequence data for novel enzymes: a case study with nitrilases. | mining sequence data is increasingly important for biocatalysis research. however, when relying on sequence data alone, prediction of the reaction catalyzed by a specific protein sequence is often elusive, and substrate specificity is far from trivial. the present study demonstrated an approach of combining sequence data and structures from distant homologs to target identification of new nitrilases that specifically utilize hindered nitrile substrates like mandelonitrile. a total of 212 non-ide ... | 2009 | 19539670 |
| substrate specificity of lipase from burkholderia cepacia in the synthesis of 3'-arylaliphatic acid esters of floxuridine. | among the five vinyl esters bearing phenyl ring in acyl moiety, the lipase from burkholderia cepacia was most specific toward vinyl 4-phenylbutyrate. additionally, 3'-regioselectivity of the enzyme was enhanced with the increment of acyl chain length. the lipophilic 3'-arylaliphatic acid esters of floxuridine, its potential prodrugs, were synthesized with high conversions (>98%) and good to excellent regioselectivities (85-99%) via the enzymatic approach. | 2009 | 19539679 |
| interactions of burkholderia cenocepacia and other burkholderia cepacia complex bacteria with epithelial and phagocytic cells. | burkholderia cenocepacia is a member of the b. cepacia complex (bcc), a group of opportunistic bacteria that infect the airways of patients with cystic fibrosis (cf) and are extraordinarily resistant to almost all clinically useful antibiotics. infections in cf patients with bcc bacteria generally lead to a more rapid decline in lung function, and in some cases to the 'cepacia syndrome', a virtually deadly exacerbation of the lung infection with systemic manifestations. these characteristics of ... | 2009 | 19542002 |
| burkholderia cenocepacia zinc metalloproteases influence resistance to antimicrobial peptides. | burkholderia cenocepacia secretes two zinc-dependent metalloproteases, designated zmpa and zmpb. previously, zmpa and zmpb have been shown to cleave several proteins important in host defence. in this study, the ability of zmpa and zmpb to digest and inactivate antimicrobial peptides involved in innate immunity was examined. zmpb but not zmpa cleaved beta-defensin-1. zmpa but not zmpb cleaved the cathelicidin ll-37. both enzymes cleaved elafin and secretory leukocyte inhibitor, which are antimic ... | 2009 | 19542010 |
| genetic diversity and multihost pathogenicity of clinical and environmental strains of burkholderia cenocepacia. | a collection of 54 clinical and agricultural isolates of burkholderia cenocepacia was analyzed for genetic relatedness by using multilocus sequence typing (mlst), pathogenicity by using onion and nematode infection models, antifungal activity, and the distribution of three marker genes associated with virulence. the majority of clinical isolates were obtained from cystic fibrosis (cf) patients in michigan, and the agricultural isolates were predominantly from michigan onion fields. mlst analysis ... | 2009 | 19542323 |
| variability of burkholderia pseudomallei strain sensitivities to chlorine disinfection. | burkholderia pseudomallei is a select agent and the causative agent of melioidosis. variations in previously reported chlorine and monochloramine concentration time (ct) values for disinfection of this organism make decisions regarding the appropriate levels of chlorine in water treatment systems difficult. this study identified the variation in ct values for 2-, 3-, and 4-log(10) reductions of eight environmental and clinical isolates of b. pseudomallei in phosphate-buffered water. the greatest ... | 2009 | 19542324 |
| non mycobacterial virulence genes in the genome of the emerging pathogen mycobacterium abscessus. | mycobacterium abscessus is an emerging rapidly growing mycobacterium (rgm) causing a pseudotuberculous lung disease to which patients with cystic fibrosis (cf) are particularly susceptible. we report here its complete genome sequence. the genome of m. abscessus (cip 104536t) consists of a 5,067,172-bp circular chromosome including 4920 predicted coding sequences (cds), an 81-kb full-length prophage and 5 is elements, and a 23-kb mercury resistance plasmid almost identical to pmm23 from mycobacte ... | 2009 | 19543527 |
| differential gene expression profiles of lung epithelial cells exposed to burkholderia pseudomallei and burkholderia thailandensis during the initial phase of infection. | burkholderia pseudomallei is the causative agent of melioidosis, and its infection usually affects patients' lungs. the organism is a facultative intracellular gram-negative bacillus commonly found in soil and water in endemic tropical regions. another closely related burkholderia species found in soil and water is b. thailandensis. this bacterium is a non-pathogenic environmental saprophyte. b. pseudomallei is considerably more efficient than b. thailandensis in host cell invasion and adherence ... | 2009 | 19548631 |
| comparative in vivo and in vitro analyses of putative virulence factors of burkholderia pseudomallei using lipopolysaccharide, capsule and flagellin mutants. | burkholderia pseudomallei is a gram-negative bacillus that is the causative agent of melioidosis. we evaluated host-pathogen interaction at different levels using three separate b. pseudomallei mutants generated by insertional inactivation. one of these mutants is defective in the production of the polysaccharide side chains associated with lipopolysaccharide; one does not produce the capsular polysaccharide with the structure -3)-2-o-acetyl-6-deoxy-beta-d-manno-heptopyranose-(1-; and the third ... | 2009 | 19549172 |
| comparison of rhizobacterial community composition in soil suppressive or conducive to tobacco black root rot disease. | work on soils suppressive to thielaviopsis basicola-mediated tobacco black root rot has focused on antagonistic pseudomonads to date. the role of non-pseudomonas rhizosphere populations has been neglected, and whether they differ in black root rot-suppressive versus -conducive soils is unknown. to assess this possibility, tobacco was grown in a suppressive and a conducive soil of similar physicochemical properties, and rhizobacterial community composition was compared using a 16s rrna taxonomic ... | 2009 | 19554036 |
| species-specific structural and functional diversity of bacterial communities in lichen symbioses. | lichens are generally considered as mutualisms between fungi and green algae or cyanobacteria. these partnerships allow light-exposed and long-living joint structures. the unique organization of lichens provides still unexplored environments for microbial communities. to study lichen-associated bacterial communities, we analyze samples, by a polyphasic approach, from three lichen species (cladonia arbuscula, lecanora polytropa and umbilicaria cylindrica) from alpine environments. our results ind ... | 2009 | 19554038 |
| a genetic programming approach for burkholderia pseudomallei diagnostic pattern discovery. | motivation: finding diagnostic patterns for fighting diseases like burkholderia pseudomallei using biomarkers involves two key issues. first, exhausting all subsets of testable biomarkers (antigens in this context) to find a best one is computationally infeasible. therefore, a proper optimization approach like evolutionary computation should be investigated. second, a properly selected function of the antigens as the diagnostic pattern which is commonly unknown is a key to the diagnostic accurac ... | 2009 | 19561021 |
| molecular analysis of persistent periradicular lesions and root ends reveals a diverse microbial profile. | the microbial etiology of periradicular lesions is recognized; however, the bacterial profile of these lesions is not well elucidated. the purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of bacterial colonization in these lesions and to characterize the bacterial community present in root ends and periradicular lesions. | 2009 | 19567313 |
| cough-generated aerosols of pseudomonas aeruginosa and other gram-negative bacteria from patients with cystic fibrosis. | pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most common bacterial pathogen in patients with cystic fibrosis (cf). current infection control guidelines aim to prevent transmission via contact and respiratory droplet routes and do not consider the possibility of airborne transmission. it was hypothesised that subjects with cf produce viable respirable bacterial aerosols with coughing. | 2009 | 19574243 |
| combination antibiotic susceptibility of biofilm-grown burkholderia cepacia and pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from patients with pulmonary exacerbations of cystic fibrosis. | we identified double and triple antibiotic combinations effective against biofilm-grown burkholderia cepacia and pseudomonas aeruginosa sampled from cystic fibrosis (cf) patients undergoing acute pulmonary exacerbations. sputum bacteria from 110 cf patients were grown as biofilms. combination antibiotic susceptibility testing was used to test 94 double and triple antibiotic combinations. biofilm-grown bacterial isolates were less susceptible to antibiotic combinations compared to the same bacter ... | 2009 | 19575248 |
| metagenomics reveals diversity and abundance of meta-cleavage pathways in microbial communities from soil highly contaminated with jet fuel under air-sparging bioremediation. | the extradiol dioxygenase diversity of a site highly contaminated with aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons under air-sparging treatment was assessed by functional screening of a fosmid library in escherichia coli with catechol as substrate. the 235 positive clones from inserts of dna extracted from contaminated soil were equivalent to one extradiol dioxygenase-encoding gene per 3.6 mb of dna screened, indicating a strong selection for genes encoding this function. three subfamilies were identifi ... | 2009 | 19575758 |
| in vitro susceptibility of burkholderia pseudomallei to antimicrobial peptides. | burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, is intrinsically resistant to many antibiotics, resulting in high mortality rates of 19% in australia and even 50% in thailand. antimicrobial peptides (amps) possess potent broad-spectrum bactericidal activities and are regarded as promising therapeutic alternatives in the fight against resistant microorganisms. moreover, these peptides may also affect inflammation, immune activation and wound healing. in this study, the in vitro act ... | 2009 | 19577435 |
| the public health implications of melioidosis. | melioidosis, which is caused by the bacterium burkholderia pseudomallei, is a potentially fatal tropical infection, little known outside its main endemic zone of southeast asia and northern australia. though it has received more attention in recent years on account of its claimed suitability as a biological weapon agent, the principal threat from melioidosis is a result of naturally occurring events. occasional case clusters, sporadic cases outside the known endemic zone and infections in unusua ... | 2009 | 19578632 |
| use of fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics to discriminate clinical isolates of bacteria of the burkholderia cepacia complex from different species and ribopatterns. | a methodology for the discrimination of burkholderia cepacia complex (bcc) clinical isolates at the species level and at the ribopattern level using fourier transform infrared (ftir) spectroscopy and chemometrics analysis was assessed in this study. different bcc sequential isolates collected at the santa maria hospital (hsm), in portugal, from clinically infected cystic fibrosis (cf) patients were previously classified by established molecular methods at the species level and differentiated at ... | 2009 | 19579020 |
| neonatal melioidosis: a case report from india. | melioidosis, caused by burkholderia pseudomallei , is an infectious disease of major public health importance in southeast asia and australia. we report, for the first time from the indian subcontinent, a case of melioidosis in a neonate, its clinical presentation, microbiological diagnosis, possible mode of transmission and outcome. a pre-term female baby developed respiratory distress soon after birth. the child was febrile, had tachypnea, grunting, normal heart rate with a low pulse volume an ... | 2009 | 19584512 |
| pathogenesis of burkholderia pseudomallei and burkholderia mallei. | burkholderia pseudomallei and mallei are biological agents of military significance. there has been significant research in recent years to develop medical countermeasures for these organisms. this review summarizes work which details aspects of the pathogenesis of b. pseudomallei and mallei and discusses key scientific questions and directions for future research. | 2009 | 19585782 |
| association between contaminated faucets and colonization or infection by nonfermenting gram-negative bacteria in intensive care units in taiwan. | this study was designed to determine the strength of the association between the isolation of nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli (nfgnb) from tap water faucet aerators and the prevalence of colonization or infection of patients in intensive care units (icus). surveillance cultures were obtained during a 4-month period from 162 faucet aerators located in seven different icus. the prevalence of colonization or infection of icu patients with nfgnb was determined by prospective surveillance durin ... | 2009 | 19587299 |
| comparative antimicrobial activity of granulysin against bacterial biothreat agents. | granulysin is a cationic protein produced by human t cells and natural killer cells that can kill bacterial pathogens through disruption of microbial membrane integrity. herein we demonstrate antimicrobial activity of the granulysin peptide derived from the active site against bacillus anthracis, yersinia pestis, francisella tularensis, and burkholderia mallei, and show pathogen-specific differences in granulysin peptide effects. the susceptibility of y. pestis to granulysin is temperature depen ... | 2009 | 19587798 |
| the structure of the o-specific polysaccharide from the lipopolysaccharide of burkholderia anthina. | the pathogenic mechanisms of gram-negative infection in cystic fibrosis are only just beginning to be explored at molecular level. several virulence factors have been defined, one of the most important is the lipopolysaccharide molecule. in order to fully understand the mechanisms of bacterial infection and host recognition a full structure/activity study of lipopolysaccharide is needed. in the present paper, we define the complete structure of the o-specific polysaccharide from the lipopolysacc ... | 2009 | 19589504 |
| does lung transplantation confer a survival benefit? | there are reasonably compelling data documenting the beneficial impact of lung transplantation on functional status, hemodynamics, and quality of life. demonstration of a survival benefit has been more problematic, largely due to significant constraints on long-term survival. this article reviews the current literature addressing the question of whether transplantation is truly a life-extending procedure. | 2009 | 19617824 |
| letter with regard to the publication of the manuscript entitled "effects of the inoculation of burkholderia vietnamiensis and related endophytic diazotrophic bacteria on grain yield of rice". | | 2009 | 19618099 |
| dosing regimens of cotrimoxazole (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole) for melioidosis. | melioidosis is an infectious disease with a propensity for relapse, despite prolonged antibiotic eradication therapy for 12 to 20 weeks. a pharmacokinetic (pk) simulation study was performed to determine the optimal dosing of cotrimoxazole (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole [tmp-smx]) used in current eradication regimens in thailand and australia. data for bioavailability, protein binding, and coefficients of absorption and elimination were taken from published literature. apparent volumes of distri ... | 2009 | 19620336 |
| burkholderia pseudomallei isocitrate lyase is a persistence factor in pulmonary melioidosis: implications for the development of isocitrate lyase inhibitors as novel antimicrobials. | burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, has often been called the great "mimicker," and clinical disease due to this organism may include acute, chronic, and latent pulmonary infections. interestingly, chronic pulmonary melioidosis is often mistaken for tuberculosis, and this can have significant consequences, as the treatments for these two infections are radically different. the recurrent misdiagnosis of melioidosis for tuberculosis has caused many to speculate that thes ... | 2009 | 19620343 |
| [a community acquired pneumonia case caused by ralstonia pickettii]. | ralstonia pickettii, formerly known as burkholderia pickettii, is a non-fermentative gram-negative bacillus. it is emerging as an opportunistic pathogen both in the hospital setting and in the environment, leading to outbreaks especially in the intensive care units. the available literature revealed two case reports of pneumonia associated with r. pickettii in adults. in this report, a case of pneumoniae due to r. pickettii, in a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was presented. ... | 2009 | 19621622 |
| infections in lung transplantation: new insights. | infections represent a major source of complications in lung transplant recipients (ltr), especially when compared with recipients of other solid organ transplants. within the past year, new data on the impact and prevention of specific pathogens in the setting of lung transplant have been published. specifically, this review will assess the effect of burkholderia infection on cystic fibrosis (cf) patients following lung transplant (ltx), the role that gram-negative bacilli (gnb) play in the dev ... | 2009 | 19623072 |
| [study of efficacy of modern fluoroquinolones against agent of glanders in experiments in vivo]. | efficacy of modern fluoroquinolones for urgent prophylaxis and treatment of experimental glanders was studied. in experiments on laboratory animals in vivo, it was shown that sparfloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin and moxifloxacin were highly effective for urgent prophylaxis and treatment of glanders. | 2009 | 19623715 |
| co-expression of the lipase and foldase of pseudomonas aeruginosa to a functional lipase in escherichia coli. | the lipa gene, a structural gene encoding for protein of molecular mass 48 kda, and lipb gene, encoding for a lipase-specific chaperone with molecular mass of 35 kda, of pseudomonas aeruginosa b2264 were co-expressed in heterologous host escherichia coli bl21 (de3) to obtain in vivo expression of functional lipase. the recombinant lipase was expressed with histidine tag at its n terminus and was purified to homogeneity using nickel affinity chromatography. the amino acid sequence of lipa and lip ... | 2010 | 19629472 |
| in vitro activity of ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, meropenem, minocycline, tobramycin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole against planktonic and sessile burkholderia cepacia complex bacteria. | the goal of the present study was to obtain a comprehensive overview of the bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects of six commonly used antibiotics on planktonic as well as on sessile burkholderia cepacia complex cells. | 2009 | 19633000 |
| relevance of metal ions for lipase stability: structural rearrangements induced in the burkholderia glumae lipase by calcium depletion. | we have studied the accessibility of the structural calcium ion in the burkholderia glumae lipase and the consequences of its removal on the protein conformation by different biophysical techniques (circular dichroism, fluorimetry, and mass spectrometry) and by molecular-dynamics simulations. we show that, in the native protein, calcium is not accessible unless specific flexible loops are displaced, for example, by a temperature increase. such movements concern the whole calcium-binding pocket a ... | 2009 | 19635571 |
| virulence and cellular interactions of burkholderia multivorans in chronic granulomatous disease. | chronic granulomatous disease (cgd) patients are susceptible to life-threatening infections by the burkholderia cepacia complex. we used leukocytes from cgd and healthy donors and compared cell association, invasion, and cytokine induction by burkholderia multivorans strains. a cgd isolate, cgd1, showed higher cell association than that of an environmental isolate, env1, which correlated with cell entry. all b. multivorans strains associated significantly more with cells from cgd patients than w ... | 2009 | 19635825 |
| a case of fulminant septic shock with a rare gram-negative organism (case presentation). | | 2009 | 19638009 |
| first structural characterization of burkholderia vietnamiensis lipooligosaccharide from cystic fibrosis-associated lung transplantation strains. | this is the first structural elucidation of the lipooligosaccharide (los) endotoxin isolated from burkholderia vietnamiensis, a clinically important member of burkholderia cepacia complex, a group of over 10 opportunistic species that are highly problematic in cystic fibrosis. we have characterized a novel los structure extracted from two clonal strains of b. vietnamiensis isolated from a cystic fibrosis patient who underwent lung transplantation. strains were selected from the pretransplantatio ... | 2009 | 19641092 |
| infection control in cystic fibrosis: barriers to implementation and ideas for improvement. | purpose of review: this review will focus on recent research documenting baseline adherence to infection control recommendations and barriers to their implementation as experienced by multidisciplinary cystic fibrosis (cf) care providers. in addition, controversies regarding optimal infection control will be discussed. finally, suggestions to improve infection control in cf will be proposed. recent findings: compliance with recent guidelines was assessed for clinical microbiology laboratories an ... | 2009 | 19644375 |
| mutational analysis of burkholderia thailandensis quorum sensing and self-aggregation. | acyl-homoserine lactone (acyl-hsl) quorum-sensing signaling is common to many proteobacteria. acyl-hsls are synthesized by the luxi family of synthases, and the signal response is mediated by members of the luxr family of transcriptional regulators. burkholderia thailandensis is a member of a closely related cluster of three species, including the animal pathogens burkholderia mallei and burkholderia pseudomallei. members of this group have similar luxi and luxr homologs, and these genes contrib ... | 2009 | 19648250 |
| glyphosate resistance as a novel select-agent-compliant, non-antibiotic-selectable marker in chromosomal mutagenesis of the essential genes asd and dapb of burkholderia pseudomallei. | genetic manipulation of the category b select agents burkholderia pseudomallei and burkholderia mallei has been stifled due to the lack of compliant selectable markers. hence, there is a need for additional select-agent-compliant selectable markers. we engineered a selectable marker based on the gat gene (encoding glyphosate acetyltransferase), which confers resistance to the common herbicide glyphosate (gs). to show the ability of gs to inhibit bacterial growth, we determined the effective conc ... | 2009 | 19648360 |
| burkholderia pseudomallei is genetically diverse in agricultural land in northeast thailand. | the soil-dwelling gram-negative bacterium burkholderia pseudomallei is the cause of melioidosis. extreme structuring of genotype and genotypic frequency has been demonstrated for b. pseudomallei in uncultivated land, but its distribution and genetic diversity in agricultural land where most human infections are probably acquired is not well defined. | 2009 | 19652701 |