| brain infection by hepatitis e virus probably via damage of the blood-brain barrier due to alterations of tight junction proteins. | extrahepatic injury, particularly neurologic dysfunctions such as guillain-barré syndrome, neurologic amyotrophy, and encephalitis/meningoencephalitis/myositis were associated with hev infection, which was supported by both clinical and laboratory studies. thus, it is crucial to figure out how the virus invades into the central nervous system (cns). in this study, cns lesions were determined in rabbits and mongolian gerbils inoculated with genotype 4 hev. junctional proteins were detected in hev ... | 2019 | 30949453 |
| gnrh expression and cell proliferation are associated with seasonal breeding and food hoarding in mongolian gerbils (meriones unguiculatus). | seasonal brain plasticity contributes to a variety of physiological and behavioral processes. we hypothesized that variations in gnrh expression and cell proliferation facilitated seasonal breeding and food hoarding. here, we reported seasonal changes in sexual and social behavior, gnrh expression and brain cell proliferation, and the role of photoperiod in inducing seasonal breeding and brain plasticity in mongolian gerbils (meriones unguiculatus). the gerbils captured in april and july had mor ... | 2019 | 30922890 |
| applicability of vital staining and tissue clearing to vascular anatomy and melanocytes' evaluation of temporal bone in six laboratory species. | the purpose of the present study was to define the applicability of tissue clearing to the field of otology. we combined tissue clearing with vital staining perfusion via a pumping system to examine the vascular anatomy of temporal bones in laboratory animals. we used six different types of species including korean wild mouse, mouse, mongolian gerbil, hamsters and guinea pigs. a mixture of alcian blue reagent and 4% paraformaldehyde was circulated throughout the entire circulatory system of the ... | 2019 | 30916435 |
| development of an animal model of helicobacter pylori (indian strain) infection. | to develop an animal model for indian strain helicobacter pylori (h. pylori) infection. this model will allow one to study many facts of h. pylori infection in a more controlled manner. mongolian gerbils were orogastric inoculated with two different indian strains of h. pylori at different time points. animals were sacrificed and looked for the presence of infection up to 52 weeks post-inoculation using a variety of techniques. simultaneously, serums from these animals were also tested for antib ... | 2019 | 30911993 |
| evaluation of an ischemic model in ischemia prone and general mongolian gerbils by neurological symptom, injury, and sex difference. | in the previous study, we established an ischemia-prone gerbil population (ig), which was selectively bred to increase the incidence of unilateral carotid arterial occlusion (uco)-induced ischemia in mongolian gerbils. however, if the characteristics of ischemia model in ig are the same as those in general gerbils (gg), and if the neurological symptoms are associated with the neurological insults in ig is still unclear. | 2018 | 30891548 |
| the aging cochlea: towards unraveling the functional contributions of strial dysfunction and synaptopathy. | strial dysfunction is commonly observed as a key consequence of aging in the cochlea. a large body of animal research, especially in the quiet-aged mongolian gerbil, shows specific histopathological changes in the cochlear stria vascularis and the putatively corresponding effects on endocochlear potential and auditory nerve responses. however, recent work suggests that synaptopathy, or the loss of inner hair cell-auditory nerve fiber synapses, also presents as a consequence of aging. it is now b ... | 2019 | 30862414 |
| altered cochlear innervation in developing and mature naked and damaraland mole rats. | compared to many other rodent species, naked mole rats (heterocephalus glaber) have elevated auditory thresholds, poor frequency selectivity, and limited ability to localize sound. because the cochlea is responsible for encoding and relaying auditory signals to the brain, we used immunofluorescence and quantitative image analysis to examine cochlear innervation in mature and developing naked mole rats compared to mice (mus musculus), gerbils (meriones unguiculatus), and damaraland mole rats (fuk ... | 2019 | 30861124 |
| an analytic approach to identifying the sources of the low-frequency round window cochlear response. | the cochlear microphonic, traditionally thought of as an indication of electrical current flow through hair cells, in conjunction with suppressing high-pass noise or tones, is a promising method of assessing the health of outer hair cells at specific locations along the cochlear partition. we propose that the electrical potential recorded from the round window in gerbils in response to low-frequency tones, which we call cochlear response (cr), contains significant responses from multiple cellula ... | 2019 | 30808536 |
| enhanced infectivity of strains of helicobacter pylori isolated from children compared with parental strains. | intra-familial infection, mother-to-child infection, is considered to be one of the main routes of transmission for helicobacter pylori, in developed countries such as japan. a major role for intra-familial spread in the pathogenicity of h. pylori is now beyond controversy, although the major route of transmission remains poorly understood. we performed this study to clarify the factors determining intra-familial transmission. | 2019 | 30806617 |
| α-difluoromethylornithine reduces gastric carcinogenesis by causing mutations in helicobacter pylori cagy. | infection by helicobacter pylori is the primary cause of gastric adenocarcinoma. the most potent h. pylori virulence factor is cytotoxin-associated gene a (caga), which is translocated by a type 4 secretion system (t4ss) into gastric epithelial cells and activates oncogenic signaling pathways. the gene cagy encodes for a key component of the t4ss and can undergo gene rearrangements. we have shown that the cancer chemopreventive agent α-difluoromethylornithine (dfmo), known to inhibit the enzyme ... | 2019 | 30804204 |
| total adipose retinol concentrations are correlated with total liver retinol concentrations in male mongolian gerbils, but only partially explained by chylomicron deposition assessed with total α-retinol. | liver vitamin a (va) concentration is the gold standard for va status, but is not routinely accessible. adipose tissue va concentrations, as retinol and retinyl esters, may be correlated to liver va. α-va (as α-retinol) is a cleavage product of α-carotene that traces postprandial va distribution to tissues but cannot recirculate from hepatic stores, providing insight into tissue va sources. | 2019 | 30793096 |
| the experimental infections of the human isolate of strongyloides stercoralis in a rodent model (the mongolian gerbil, meriones unguiculatus). | strongyloidiasis is life-threatening disease which is mainly caused by strongyloides stercoralis infection. autoinfection of the parasite results in long-lasting infection and fatal conditions, hyperinfection and dissemination (primarily in immunosuppressed hosts). however, mechanisms of autoinfection and biology remain largely unknown. rodent models including mice and rats are not susceptible to the human isolate of s. stercoralis. variations in susceptibility of the human isolate of s. stercor ... | 2019 | 30764580 |
| aluminum disrupts the prenatal development of the male and female gerbil prostate (meriones unguiculatus). | normal prostate development is highly dependent of an equilibrated hormonal regulation, so that sensible interferences during this period may predispose the gland to lesions during aging. industrial activities have increased the exposure of this gland to active elements found in environment, such as aluminum (al). al presents toxic effect for living beings, having the potential to disrupt the development and growth of several organs and systems. therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate w ... | 2019 | 30659797 |
| efficacy of subcutaneous doses and a new oral amorphous solid dispersion formulation of flubendazole on male jirds (meriones unguiculatus) infected with the filarial nematode brugia pahangi. | river blindness and lymphatic filariasis are two filarial diseases that globally affect millions of people mostly in impoverished countries. current mass drug administration programs rely on drugs that primarily target the microfilariae, which are released from adult female worms. the female worms can live for several years, releasing millions of microfilariae throughout the course of infection. thus, to stop transmission of infection and shorten the time to elimination of these diseases, a safe ... | 2019 | 30650084 |
| dentostomella translucida (gerbil pinworm) infection in mongolian gerbil (meriones unguiculatus) schulz and krepkorgorskaja, 1932. | the popularity of mongolian gerbils (meriones unguiculatus) as pets as well as experimental animals is continuously increasing. mongolian gerbils are the main natural hosts of the nematode dentostomella translucida, also referred to as pinworm, threadworm, or seatworm. d. translucida (oxyuridae) was recently detected in the necropsy of a gerbil housed at the experimental animal production center of adnan menderes university faculty of veterinary medicine. mongolian gerbils are the main natural h ... | 2018 | 30604691 |
| paternal behavior in the mongolian gerbil, and its regulation by social factors, t, erα, and ar. | the present study evaluates the role of social factors in the transition from infanticidal to paternal male behavior and its association with t concentration, presence of estrogen receptor alpha (erα) and androgen receptor (ar) in the olfactory bulb (ob), medial preoptic area (mpoa) and medial amygdala (mea) of mongolian gerbils (meriones unguiculatus). this study included thirty-six sexually inexperienced males displaying aggressive behavior toward foreign pups. the selected animals were mated ... | 2019 | 30529342 |
| neuroprotective effects of a novel carnosine-hydrazide derivative on hippocampal ca1 damage after transient cerebral ischemia. | ischemia-reperfusion injuries produce reactive oxygen species that promote the peroxide lipid oxidation process resulting in the production of an endogenic lipid peroxide, 4-hydroxy-trans-2-nonenal (4-hne), a highly cytotoxic aldehyde that induces cell death. we synthesized a novel 4-hne scavenger - a carnosine-hydrazide derivative, l-carnosine hydrazide (cnn) - and examined its neuroprotective effect in a model of transient ischemia. pc-12 cells were pre-incubated with various doses (0-50 mmol/ ... | 2019 | 30522055 |
| thyroid hormones mediate metabolic rate and oxidative, anti-oxidative balance at different temperatures in mongolian gerbils (meriones unguiculatus). | oxidative damage is a potential physiological cost of thermoregulation during seasonal adjustments to air temperature (ta) in small mammals. here, we hypothesized that ta affects serum thyroid hormone levels and these hormones can mediate the changes in metabolic rate and oxidative damage. mongolian gerbils (meriones unguiculatus) were acclimated at different tas (5 °c, 23 °c and 37 °c) for 3 weeks. serum tri-iodothyronine (t3) levels increased at 5 °c but decreased at 37 °c compared to the cont ... | 2019 | 30476595 |
| differential regional infarction, neuronal loss and gliosis in the gerbil cerebral hemisphere following 30 min of unilateral common carotid artery occlusion. | the degree of transient ischemic damage in the cerebral hemisphere is different according to duration of transient ischemia and cerebral regions. mongolian gerbils show various lesions in the hemisphere after transient unilateral occlusion of the common carotid artery (uocca) because they have different types of patterns of anterior and posterior communicating arteries. we examined differential regional damage in the ipsilateral hemisphere of the gerbil after 30 min of uocca by using 2,3,5-triph ... | 2019 | 30443768 |
| wound healing mechanism in mongolian gerbil skin. | the skin wound healing ability of animals differs depending on the environment. the gerbil wound model showed a different wound healing mechanism than was known thus far. many other wound healing mechanisms have been found to involve transforming growth factor-beta 1 (tgf-β1). however, in the wound healing of gerbil skin, the expression of tgf-β1 seems to be not enough compared to mouse. in this study, we compared the wound healing process of gerbil and mouse back skin. at 3 days after wounding, ... | 2019 | 30392058 |
| increased mast cell activation in mongolian gerbils infected by hepatitis e virus. | recently, mechanism study of hepatitis e virus (hev) infection has attracted an increasing attention because of the growing rate of the acute hepatitis caused by the virus over the world. as an important initiate in the inflammation, mast cells (mcs) play a critical role in maintaining a healthy physiology. however, the function of the mcs in the acute hepatitis caused by hev is still unclear. in the present study, mongolian gerbils infected by hev were used as an animal model to evaluate the ro ... | 2018 | 30333798 |
| cellular stress and redox activity proteins are involved in gastric carcinogenesis associated with helicobacter pylori infection expressing high levels of thioredoxin-1. | helicobacter pylori infection is related to the development of gastric diseases. our previous studies showed that high thioredoxin-1 (trx1) expression in h. pylori can promote gastric carcinogenesis. to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms, we performed an isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (itraq)-based quantitative proteomic analysis of stomach tissues from mongolian gerbil infected with h. pylori expressing high and low trx1. differences in the profiles of the express ... | 2020 | 30269443 |
| helicobacter pylori promotes gastric epithelial cell survival through the plk1/pi3k/akt pathway. | helicobacter pylori (h. pylori) infection plays a critical role in the process of gastric carcinogenesis. however, the complicated pathogenic mechanism is still unclear. polo-like kinase 1 (plk1) is involved in the development of multiple human malignancies, including gastric cancer. therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the role of plk1 in h. pylori-induced gastric carcinogenesis and the underlying signaling mechanism. | 2018 | 30254463 |
| differential expression of mirna-146a and mirna-155 in gastritis induced by helicobacter pylori infection in paediatric patients, adults, and an animal model. | helicobacter pylori is a major aetiologic agent associated with gastritis. h. pylori infections increase the expression of the toll-like receptor (tlr), which in turn modulates the expression of microrna (mirna)-146a and mirna-155. the objective of this study was to compare the expression of mirna-146a and mirna-155 in gastric lesions of paediatric and adult patients with different pathologies and in mongolian gerbils (meriones unguiculatus) infected with h. pylori 26,695. | 2018 | 30219037 |
| activation in the auditory pathway of the gerbil studied with 18f-fdg pet: effects of anesthesia. | here, we present results from an 18f-fluorodeoxyglucose (18f-fdg) positron emission tomography (pet) study in the mongolian gerbil, a preferred animal model in auditory research. one major issue in preclinical nuclear imaging, as well as in most of the neurophysiological methods investigating auditory processing, is the need of anesthesia. we compared the usability of two types of anesthesia which are frequently employed in electrophysiology, ketamine/xylazine (kx), and fentanyl/midazolam/medeto ... | 2018 | 30203305 |
| recovery of auditory-nerve-fiber spike amplitude under natural excitation conditions. | knowledge of the refractory properties of auditory-nerve fibers (anfs) is required for understanding the transduction of the graded membrane potential of the receptor cells into spike trains. the refractory properties inferred when anfs are excited by electrical stimulation might differ from those present when anfs are excited naturally by transmitter release from receptor cells. as a proxy for the latter, we investigated the recovery of spike amplitude with time since the previous spike in long ... | 2018 | 30177426 |
| effect of probiotic saccharomyces boulardii in experimental giardiasis. | the aim of the study was to assess the efficacy of saccharomyces boulardii in experimental treatment of giardiasis and its impact on intestinal integrity and some functions of gerbils infected with giardia lamblia. 28 gerbils (meriones unguiculatus), aged 4-6 weeks, were divided into four groups: untreated and uninfected control (ct); infected with g. lamblia (igl); treated with s. boulardii (sb); and infected with g. lamblia and treated with s. boulardii (itsb). the sb and itsb groups received ... | 2018 | 30165752 |
| ouabain does not induce selective spiral ganglion cell degeneration in guinea pigs. | round window membrane (rwm) application of ouabain is known to selectively destroy type i spiral ganglion cells (sgcs) in cochleas of several rodent species, while leaving hair cells intact. this protocol has been used in rats and mongolian gerbils, but observations in the guinea pig are conflicting. this is why we reinvestigated the effect of ouabain on the guinea pig cochlea. ouabain solutions of different concentrations were placed, in a piece of gelfoam, upon the rwm of the right cochleas. a ... | 2018 | 30151372 |
| neuronal activation associated with paternal and aversive interactions toward pups in the mongolian gerbils (meriones unguiculatus). | approach/avoid model is used to analyze the neural regulation of maternal behavior in the laboratory rat. this model proposes that the medial preoptic area (mpoa) and bed nucleus of stria terminalis (bnst) are brain regions involved in facilitating mechanisms. by contrast, anterior hypothalamic nucleus (ahn), ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (vmh), and periaqueductal gray participate in the inhibiting mechanisms of neural regulation of maternal behavior. we hypothesized that there are also faci ... | 2018 | 30056092 |
| these are not the neurons you are looking for. | studies that looked into how the auditory brainstem processes the difference in the intensity of a sound as it reaches each ear may have wrongly assumed which neurons were being recorded. | 2018 | 30052196 |
| establishment and characterization of an oral gerbil model for a non-mouse-adapted enterovirus 71 strain. | enterovirus 71 (ev71) is one of the major pathogens causing hand, foot, and mouth disease (hfmd) with neurological and systemic complications worldwide, and it is mostly discovered in infants and young children. it is of great significance to establish suitable animal models of ev71 infection on research of distribution and pathogenesis of the virus. in this study, we established a successful infection of a non-mouse-adapted isolate of ev71 via oral route in 7-day-old mongolian gerbil (meriones ... | 2018 | 30030018 |
| effects of helicobacter pylori on the expression levels of gata-3 and connexin 32 and the gjic function in gastric epithelial cells and their association by promoter analysis. | the present study aimed to explore the effects of helicobacter pylori (h. pylori) infection on the expression of transcription factor gata binding protein 3 (gata-3) and connexin 32 (cx32) in cultured gastric mucosa cells, and their association with each other. ges-1 cells were co-cultured with east asian type cytotoxin-associated gene a+ h. pylori in the h. pylori group, and without h. pylori culture in the control group. additionally, mongolian gerbils were gavaged with h. pylori, and later th ... | 2018 | 30008849 |
| telocytes role during the postnatal development of the mongolian gerbil jejunum. | telocytes are recently categorised cd34-positive interstitial cells that comprise the cells which were previously called interstitial cajal-like cells (iclcs). these were detected in the stroma of various organs such as the prostate, lungs, mammary glands, liver, gallbladder, and jejunum, among others. several functions have been proposed for telocytes, such as a supportive role in smooth muscle contraction and immune function in adult organs, and tissue organisation and paracrine signalling dur ... | 2018 | 30003874 |
| optogenetic stimulation of cochlear neurons activates the auditory pathway and restores auditory-driven behavior in deaf adult gerbils. | cochlear implants partially restore hearing via direct electrical stimulation of spiral ganglion neurons (sgns). however, spread of excitation from each electrode limits spectral coding. we explored the use of optogenetics to deliver spatially restricted and cell-specific excitation in the cochlea of adult mongolian gerbils. adeno-associated virus carrying the gene encoding the light-sensitive calcium translocating channelrhodopsin (catch) was injected into the cochlea of adult gerbils. sgns in ... | 2018 | 29997248 |
| late maturation of backward masking in auditory cortex. | speech perception relies on the accurate resolution of brief, successive sounds that change rapidly over time. deficits in the perception of such sounds, indicated by a reduced ability to detect signals during auditory backward masking, strongly relate to language processing difficulties in children. backward masking during normal development has a longer maturational trajectory than many other auditory percepts, implicating the involvement of central auditory neural mechanisms with protracted d ... | 2018 | 29995598 |
| evaluating rodent experimental models for studies of blastocystis st1. | blastocystis is a common inhabitant of the human gut, colonizing at least one billion people at a prevalence ranging from <10% to 100% in healthy human populations globally. the majority of carriers remain asymptomatic, suggesting that blastocystis is largely a commensal, though blastocystis has also been implicated in disease in some people. however, there are no in vivo model systems in which to experimentally test the impact of blastocystis on mammalian hosts and the gut ecosystem and determi ... | 2018 | 29959915 |
| proteomic responses of carotenoid and retinol administration to mongolian gerbils. | various health benefits of carotenoids have been described. however, while human observational studies generally suggest positive health effects, supplementation with relatively high doses of individual carotenoids (supplements) have partly produced adverse effects. in the present study, we investigated the effect of several carotenoids on the proteomic response of male mongolian gerbils (aged 6 weeks). five groups of gerbils (n = 6 per group) received either retinol (vitamin a/53 mg per kg bw), ... | 2018 | 29951678 |
| modality-specific subpopulations of place fields coexist in the hippocampus. | hippocampal place cells integrate signals from multiple sensory modalities. however, it is unclear how these different inputs are combined to generate place fields. we investigated how visual spatial cues and an animal's locomotion are integrated by ca3 place cells of mongolian gerbils. while the animals moved on a virtual linear track, we adapted the gain between the visually projected environment and the treadmill movement. place cells responded differently to this manipulation. in a subset, p ... | 2019 | 29912390 |
| principal cells of the brainstem's interaural sound level detector are temporal differentiators rather than integrators. | the brainstem's lateral superior olive (lso) is thought to be crucial for localizing high-frequency sounds by coding interaural sound level differences (ild). its neurons weigh contralateral inhibition against ipsilateral excitation, making their firing rate a function of the azimuthal position of a sound source. since the very first in vivo recordings, lso principal neurons have been reported to give sustained and temporally integrating 'chopper' responses to sustained sounds. neurons with tran ... | 2018 | 29901438 |
| effects of gestational exposure to di-n-butyl phthalate and mineral oil on testis development of the mongolian gerbil. | phthalate esters are endocrine disrupters that can affect the development of the testis in a species-specific manner. however, their interference in the male gonads of the mongolian gerbil is unknown. the aim of the present study was to evaluate whether gestational exposure to di-n-butyl phthalate (dbp) interferes with the development of the gerbil testis during the first six weeks of life. males were evaluated at 1, 7, 14, 28, 35 and 42 days of age in an untreated (control) group or groups expo ... | 2018 | 29898815 |
| effects of vitamin d3 on the nadph oxidase and matrix metalloproteinase 9 in an animal model of global cerebral ischemia. | decreased blood flow in the brain leads to a rapid increase in reactive oxygen species (ros). nadph oxidase (nox) is an enzyme family that has the physiological function to produce ros. nox2 and nox4 overexpression is associated with aggravated ischemic injury, while nox2/4-deficient mice had reduced stroke size. dysregulation of matrix metalloproteinases (mmps) contributes to tissue damage. the active form of vitamin d3 expresses neuroprotective, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory effects ... | 2018 | 29849881 |
| thermal biology of two sympatric gerbil species: the physiological basis of temporal partitioning. | sympatric species can coexist through ecological resource partitioning as for example for habitat, food or time. however, a detailed understanding of the basic thermal physiology, crucial for temporal partitioning, is currently lacking, especially for the desert rodents. here, we compare the physiological performance with regard to thermal energetics and morphological traits of two sympatric gerbils from the gobi desert of inner mongolia, china. the diurnally active meriones unguiculatus and the ... | 2018 | 29801634 |
| the course of experimental giardiasis in mongolian gerbil. | fifteen mongolian gerbils were inoculated with 10 × 106 viable trophozoites of giardia intestinalis. their faeces were examined daily by flotation method and the number of shed cysts was counted. two animals (male and female) were euthanised at 4- to 5-day intervals (9, 14, 18 days post-infection (dpi)). the remaining nine gerbils were sacrificed and dissected at the end of the experiment (23 dpi). their small intestinal tissues were processed for examination using histological sectioning and sc ... | 2018 | 29797082 |
| phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein 1 protects ca1 neurons against ischemic damage via erk-creb signaling in mongolian gerbils. | in the present study, we made a pep-1-phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein 1 (pep-1-pebp1) fusion protein to facilitate the transduction of pebp1 into cells and observed significant ameliorative effects of pep-1-pebp1 against h2o2-induced neuronal damage and the formation of reactive oxygen species in the ht22 hippocampal cells. in addition, administration of pep-1-pebp1 fusion protein ameliorated h2o2-induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (erk1/2) and facilitated ... | 2018 | 29753754 |
| optogenetic control of neural circuits in the mongolian gerbil. | the mongolian gerbil (meriones unguiculatus) is widely used as a model organism for the human auditory system. its hearing range is very similar to ours and it uses the same mechanisms for sound localization. the auditory circuits underlying these functions have been characterized. however, important mechanistic details are still under debate. to elucidate these issues, precise and reversible optogenetic manipulation of neuronal activity in this complex circuitry is required. however, genetic an ... | 2018 | 29740286 |
| diurnally active rodents for laboratory research. | although inbred domesticated strains of rats and mice serve as traditional mammalian animal models in biomedical research, the nocturnal habits of these rodents make them inappropriate for research that requires a model with human-like diurnal activity rhythms. we conducted a literature review and recorded locomotor activity data from four rodent species that are generally considered to be diurnally active, the mongolian gerbil ( meriones unguiculatus), the degu ( octodon degus), the african (ni ... | 2018 | 29726789 |
| transient forebrain ischemia induces impairment in cognitive performance prior to extensive neuronal cell death in mongolian gerbil (meriones unguiculatus). | in mongolian gerbils, bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (bccao) for several minutes induces ischemia, due to an incomplete circle of willis, resulting in delayed neuronal cell death in the cornet d'ammon 1 (ca1) region of the hippocampus. neuronal cell death in the hippocampus and changes in behavior were examined after bccao was performed for 5 min in the gerbils. one day after bccao, the pyramidal neurons of the ca1 region of the hippocampus showed degenerative changes (clumped chromat ... | 2018 | 29695143 |
| meriones unguiculatus infected by haemonchus contortus: evaluation of different experimental protocols. | many important studies on resistance reversion, anthelmintic efficacy and, especially, new molecules with antiparasitic effects are performed in laboratories using gerbils (meriones unguiculatus) as the experimental model. this study aimed to evaluate the use of corticosteroids (dexamethasone and methylprednisolone acetate) in gerbils experimentally infected with different doses of infective larvae (sheathed or exsheathed) of haemonchus contortus. in the first experiment, 28 gerbils were divided ... | 2019 | 29669605 |
| concurrent gradients of ribbon volume and ampa-receptor patch volume in cochlear afferent synapses on gerbil inner hair cells. | the mongolian gerbil is a classic animal model for age-related hearing loss. as a prerequisite for studying age-related changes, we characterized cochlear afferent synaptic morphology in young adult gerbils, using immunolabeling and quantitative analysis of confocal microscopic images. cochlear wholemounts were triple-labeled with a hair-cell marker, a marker of presynaptic ribbons, and a marker of postsynaptic ampa-type glutamate receptors. seven cochlear positions covering an equivalent freque ... | 2018 | 29631778 |
| combined oral contraceptives promote androgen receptor and oestrogen receptor alpha upregulation in the female prostate (skene's paraurethral glands) of adult gerbils (meriones unguiculatus). | the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of cyproterone acetate (cpa) and ethinyloestradiol (ee) alone or in combination on the female prostate of adult gerbils. adult females were exposed for 21 days to daily oral doses of cpa (1mgkg-1), ee (10µgkg-1) or a combination of cpa and ee. female prostatic complexes were removed, weighed and subjected to morphological, stereological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural analyses. cpa treatment caused epithelial atrophy and decreased prosta ... | 2018 | 29622059 |
| processing of interaural phase differences in components of harmonic and mistuned complexes in the inferior colliculus of the mongolian gerbil. | harmonicity and spatial location provide eminent cues for the perceptual grouping of sounds. in general, harmonicity is a strong grouping cue. in contrast, spatial cues such as interaural phase or time difference provide for strong grouping of stimulus sequences but weak grouping for simultaneously presented sounds. by studying the neuronal basis underlying the interaction of these cues in processing simultaneous sounds using van rossum spike train distance measures, we aim at explaining the int ... | 2018 | 29603825 |
| high salt diet can down-regulate tff2 expression level in gastric mucosa of mgs after h. pylori infection. | this study aimed to elucidate the effect of helicobacter pylori (h. pylori) and high salt diet on trefoil factor 2 (tff2) expression level of mongolian gerbils (mgs) gastric mucosa. the results of h. pylori identification and histopathology showed that h. pylori infected mgs model was built successfully. according to the immunohistochemical staining results, 25% (4/16) of h. pylori infected mgs with high salt diet showed high tff2 expression, which was significantly lower than h. pylori infectio ... | 2018 | 29601867 |
| cholinergic innervation of principal neurons in the cochlear nucleus of the mongolian gerbil. | principal neurons in the ventral cochlear nucleus (vcn) receive powerful ascending excitation and pass on the auditory information with exquisite temporal fidelity. despite being dominated by ascending inputs, the vcn also receives descending cholinergic connections from olivocochlear neurons and from higher regions in the pontomesencephalic tegmentum. in mongolian gerbils, acetylcholine acts as an excitatory and modulatory neurotransmitter on vcn neurons, but the anatomical structure of choline ... | 2018 | 29574885 |
| morphological properties of medial amygdala-projecting retinal ganglion cells in the mongolian gerbil. | the amygdala is a limbic structure that is involved in many brain functions, including emotion, learning and memory. it has been reported that melanopsin-expressing retinal ganglion cells (iprgcs) innervate the medial amygdala (mea). however, whether conventional rgcs (crgcs) project to the mea remains unknown. the goal of this study was to determine if crgcs project to the mea and to determine the morphological properties of mea-projecting rgcs (mea-rgcs). retrogradely labeled rgcs in whole-mou ... | 2018 | 29564599 |
| crossmodal connections of primary sensory cortices largely vanish during normal aging. | during aging, human response times (rts) to unisensory and crossmodal stimuli decrease. however, the elderly benefit more from crossmodal stimulus representations than younger people. the underlying short-latency multisensory integration process is mediated by direct crossmodal connections at the level of primary sensory cortices. we investigate the age-related changes of these connections using a rodent model (mongolian gerbil), retrograde tracer injections into the primary auditory (a1), somat ... | 2018 | 29551970 |
| indispensable amino acid-deficient diets induce seizures in ketogenic diet-fed rodents, demonstrating a role for amino acid balance in dietary treatments for epilepsy. | low protein amounts are used in ketogenic diets (kds), where an essential (indispensable) amino acid (iaa) can become limiting. because the chemically sensitive, seizurogenic, anterior piriform cortex (apc) is excited by iaa limitation, an imbalanced kd could exacerbate seizure activity. | 2018 | 29546295 |
| dopaminergic neuromodulation of high gamma stimulus phase-locking in gerbil primary auditory cortex mediated by d1/d5-receptors. | cortical release of the neurotransmitter dopamine has been implied in adapting cortical processing with respect to various functions including coding of stimulus salience, expectancy, error prediction, behavioral relevance and learning. dopamine agonists have been shown to modulate recurrent cortico-thalamic feedback, and should therefore also affect synchronization and amplitude of thalamo-cortical oscillations. in this study, we have used multitaper spectral and time-frequency analysis of stim ... | 2020 | 29514417 |
| anabolic effects of chrysin on the ventral male prostate and female prostate of adult gerbils (meriones unguiculatus). | chrysin is a bioflavonoid found in fruits, flowers, tea, honey and wine, which has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiallergic and anticarcinogenic properties. this flavone has also been considered as beneficial for reproduction due its testosterone-boosting potential. thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of chrysin on the prostate and gonads of male and female adult gerbils. in addition, a comparative analysis of the effects of testosterone on these same organs was conducted ... | 2018 | 29510085 |
| the effects of taxanes, vorinostat and doxorubicin on growth and proliferation of echinococcus multilocularis metacestodes assessed with magnetic resonance imaging and simultaneous positron emission tomography. | cytostatic drugs used in cancer therapy were evaluated for their capacity to inhibit echinococcus multilocularis metacestode growth and proliferation. metacestode tissues were exposed in vitro to docetaxel, doxorubicin, navelbine, paclitaxel, and vorinostat for 1 week, then incubated in drug-free culture, and thereafter metacestodes were injected into the peritoneum of meriones unguiculatus. magnetic resonance imaging (mri) and simultaneous positron emission tomography (pet) were applied to moni ... | 2018 | 29507675 |
| the stapedial artery in the mongolian gerbil (meriones unguiculatus). | the persistent stapedial artery is a component of the main arterial roads of the head in some animal groups (frąckowiak: roczn akad roln poznań 336 (2003) 1-81). this type of vascularization occurs in the mongolian gerbil, among others. the stapedial artery is common in a variety of forms in rodents. it has been described, for example, in sciuridae, muridae, heteromyidae, geomyidae, splacidae, cricetidae, arvicolinae, and in genus jaculus (cox and hautier: evolution of the rodents: advances in p ... | 2018 | 29506318 |
| restricted dispersal determines fine-scale spatial genetic structure of mongolian gerbils. | restricted gene flow may cause positive spatial genetic autocorrelation of animal populations at fine spatial scales. the mongolian gerbil meriones unguiculatus is a territorial, social rodent. territoriality may create social fences to restrict dispersal or gene flow of mongolian gerbils to a short distance. restricted dispersal may differentiate fine-scale spatial genetic structure of populations with increasing distances (i.e., isolation by distance [ibd]). competition for mates and inbreedin ... | 2017 | 29492030 |
| interaction of interaural cues and their contribution to the lateralisation of mongolian gerbils (meriones unguiculatus). | the main sound localisation cues in the horizontal plane are interaural time and level differences (itds and ilds, respectively). itds are thought to be the dominant cue in the low-frequency range, ilds the dominant cue in the high-frequency range. itds and ilds co-occur. their interaction and contribution to the lateralisation of pure tones by mongolian gerbils was investigated behaviourally using cross-talk cancellation techniques for presenting itds and ilds independently. first, itds were ap ... | 2018 | 29476321 |
| electrogenic n-methyl-d-aspartate receptor signaling enhances binaural responses in the adult brainstem. | in sensory systems, the neuronal representation of external stimuli is enhanced along the sensory pathway. in the auditory system, strong enhancement of binaural information takes place between the brainstem and the midbrain; however, the underlying cellular mechanisms are unknown. here we investigated the transformation of binaural information in the dorsal nucleus of the lateral lemniscus (dnll), a nucleus that connects the binaural nuclei in the brainstem and the inferior colliculus in the mi ... | 2018 | 29405453 |
| phosphorylation of phosphatase and tensin homolog induced by helicobacter pylori promotes cell invasion by activation of focal adhesion kinase. | phosphorylation of the phosphatase and tensin homolog (pten) tumor suppressor at ser380/thr382/thr383 residues is a novel mechanism underlying pten inactivation in gastric carcinogenesis, which may be triggered by helicobacter pylori infection. to investigate this further, the effect of h. pylori infection on pten phosphorylation and the subsequent activation of focal adhesion kinase (fak), were evaluated in gastric tissue samples from mongolian gerbils and in the human gastric epithelial mucosa ... | 2018 | 29399165 |
| improvement effects of wasabi (wasabiajaponica) leaves and allyl isothiocyanate on stomach lesions of mongolian gerbils infected with helicobacter pylori. | the relationship between helicobacter pylori infection and gastric cancer associated with stomach lesions has been reported. improvement of the adverse effects induced by h. pylori is required for human health. it has been reported that wasabi (wasabiajaponica matsum) leaves have various effects on bacteria and mammals. in this study, the effect was examined of wasabi leaf extract and allyl isothiocyanate (ait), which is a main functional component of wasabi, on stomach lesions in mongolian gerb ... | 2017 | 30520603 |
| [effect of echinococcus multilocularis infection on the activities of drug-metabolizing enzymes in gerbil liver]. | to study the effect of echinococcus multilocularis infection on the activities of drug-metabolizing enzymes in gerbil liver. | 2016 | 30120918 |
| effect of relaxin on the decidual cell reaction in the mongolian gerbil (meriones unguiculatus). | differentiation of endometrial stromal cells into decidual cells occurs during embryo implantation and pregnancy. recently, it has been reported that relaxin affects the decidualization of cultured human endometrial cells in vitro; however, there has been no study on the decidualization of the mongolian gerbil (meriones unguiculatus). the authors demonstrated artificially induced decidualization, and the effect of relaxin on decidualization in gerbils. | 2009 | 29699322 |
| effect of relaxin and igf-i on the pre-implantation development of mongolian gerbil (meriones unguiculatus) embryos in vitro. | both relaxin and insulin-like growth factor (igf) are members of the insulin super family. this study aimed to investigate the effect of relaxin and igf-i on the pre-implantation of mongolian gerbil of blastocyst development in vitro. | 2009 | 29699306 |