| anal sex is a behavioural marker for laboratory-confirmed vaginal sexually transmissible infections and hiv-associated risk among african-american female adolescents. | african-american females are disproportionately affected by hiv and sexually transmissible infections (stis). the prevalence of anal sex and its association with other sexual risk behaviours is understudied in this population. | 2009 | 19457289 |
| in vitro activities of three synthetic peptides derived from epinecidin-1 and an anti-lipopolysaccharide factor against propionibacterium acnes, candida albicans, and trichomonas vaginalis. | the synthetic epinecidin-1(22-42) peptide was derived from positions 22-42 of epinephelus coioides epinecidin-1. the synthetic salf(55-76) cyclic peptide (cssalf(55-76)) and salf(55-76) linear peptide (lssalf(55-76)) contained sequences from positions 55 to 76 of the penaeus monodon anti-lipopolysaccharide factor (alf), respectively. we studied the in vitro activities of epinecidin-1(22-42), cssalf(55-76), and lssalf(55-76) against propionibacterium acnes, candida albicans, and trichomonas vagin ... | 2009 | 19463737 |
| bacterial vaginosis in female facility workers in north-western tanzania: prevalence and risk factors. | to determine prevalence of, and risk factors for, bacterial vaginosis (bv) among herpes simplex virus (hsv) 2 seropositive tanzanian women at enrollment into a randomised, placebo-controlled trial of hsv suppressive treatment. | 2009 | 19473997 |
| trichomoniasis in teens: an update. | trichomoniasis, caused by the protozoa trichomonas vaginalis, is one of the oldest sexually transmitted infections. since the advent of more accurate diagnostic tests, the epidemiology and consequences of infection with t. vaginalis can be described more precisely. this review will highlight new diagnostic methods, the epidemiology of trichomoniasis, and discuss the merits of improved screening for this pathogen in adolescent women. | 2009 | 19491679 |
| a study comparing sexually transmitted infections and hiv among ex-red-light district and non-red-light district sex workers after the demolition of baina red-light district. | in june 2004, the red-light area of goa was demolished. we compare hiv and sexually transmitted infections (stis) between sex workers who had been based in baina red-light district (ex-rld-sws) with sex workers who had never worked in baina (non-rld-sws). | 2009 | 19525855 |
| [leucoplakia vesicae in females: diagnosis and treatment]. | sixty patients suffering from leucoplakia vesicae (lv) were examined using cystoscopy with biopsy of the urinary bladder wall, blood enzyme immunoassay for detection of antibodies to agents of sexually transmitted infections (sti), uroflowmetry, culture analysis of cervical canal and mucosa samples for sti. as shown by a pathomorphological examination of the vesical mucosa biopsy specimens, long-term persistence of pathogenic (chlamydia, trichomonades) and opportunistic (mycoplasma, ureaplasma, ... | 2009 | 19526870 |
| polymerase chain reaction versus conventional methods in the diagnosis of vaginal trichomoniasis. | a total of 200 females of whom 120 had manifestations of vaginal trichomoniasis and 80 asymptomatic ones were studied. in 54/120 symptomatic female (45%) and in 28/80 asymptomatic ones (35%), t. vaginalis was diagnosed by wet mount of bedside vaginal swab samples. of 120 samples from symptomatic females, t. vaginalis was detected in 93 (77.5%) when cultured onto inpouch & 95 (79.16%) in modified thioglycolate media. culturing 80 samples of asymptomatic females showed t. vaginalis in 35 (43.75%) ... | 2009 | 19530606 |
| efficacy of two plant extracts against vaginal trichomoniasis. | trichomoniasis vaginalis is now an important worldwide health problem. metronidazole has so far been used in treatment, but the metronidazole-resistant strains and unpleasant adverse effects have been developed. treatment of patients with metronidazole refractory vaginal trichomoniasis constitutes a major therapeutic challenge and treatment options are extremely limited. in the present study, 33 metronidazole-resistant t. vaginalis females were treated with a combined course of metronidazole and ... | 2009 | 19530609 |
| responsiveness of trichomonas vaginalis to iron concentrations: evidence for a post-transcriptional iron regulation by an ire/irp-like system. | trichomonas vaginalis has high iron-dependency, favoring its growth and multiplication in culture. iron also regulates some of the trichomonal virulence properties by yet unknown mechanisms. iron is an essential but potentially toxic metal for the majority of organisms. thus, its concentration must be tightly regulated within the cell. in mammals, the iron homeostasis is mainly regulated at the post-transcriptional level by a well known mechanism mediated by the binding of iron regulatory protei ... | 2009 | 19539055 |
| [tinidazole: a classical anaerobical drug with multiple potential uses nowadays]. | tinidazole is a 5-nitroimidazole active in vitro against a wide variety of anaerobic bacteria and protozoa. tinidazole is an effective treatment against anaerobic microorganisms based on its pharmacokinetic characteristics (c(max) 51 microg/ml, t(1/2) 12.5 h) and its excellent in vitro activity. its long half-life allows once a day regimens. tinidazole is as effective as metronidazole in the treatment of infections caused by t. vaginalis, giardiasis and amebiasis and bacterial vaginosis, malaria ... | 2009 | 19544102 |
| adult male circumcision does not reduce the risk of incident neisseria gonorrhoeae, chlamydia trachomatis, or trichomonas vaginalis infection: results from a randomized, controlled trial in kenya. | we examined the effect of male circumcision on the acquisition of 3 nonulcerative sexually transmitted infections (stis). | 2009 | 19545209 |
| redox properties of the oxygen-detoxifying flavodiiron protein from the human parasite giardia intestinalis. | flavodiiron proteins (fdps) are enzymes identified in prokaryotes and a few pathogenic protozoa, which protect microorganisms by reducing o(2) to h(2)o and/or no to n(2)o. unlike most prokaryotic fdps, the protozoan enzymes from the human pathogens giardia intestinalis and trichomonas vaginalis are selective towards o(2). uv/vis and epr spectroscopy showed that, differently from the no-consuming bacterial fdps, the giardia fdp contains an fmn with reduction potentials for the formation of the si ... | 2009 | 19545535 |
| the association between oral contraceptives, depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate, and trichomoniasis. | hormonal contraception use by women may increase the risk of acquiring certain sexually transmitted infections. we explored the effect of hormonal contraceptive use, specifically oral contraception (oc), and depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (dmpa) on trichomonas vaginalis infections in women. | 2009 | 19556926 |
| vaginal and endocervical microorganisms in symptomatic and asymptomatic non-pregnant females: risk factors and rates of occurrence. | physiological or non-physiological factors may affect the vaginal flora. the occurrence of genital microorganisms in non-pregnant females of all ages was studied, as were the risk factors associated with each microorganism. a retrospective analysis of vaginal and endocervical cultures and wet smears from 27,172 non-pregnant women, between 1996 to 2005, was performed taking into consideration clinical and socio-demographic characteristics. no microorganisms were observed in 55.7% of the individua ... | 2009 | 19558525 |
| epidemiology of sexually transmitted infections in suspected child victims of sexual assault. | the objective of this study was to describe the epidemiology of neisseria gonorrhoeae, chlamydia trachomatis, trichomonas vaginalis, treponema pallidum, hiv, and herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infection diagnosed by culture or by serologic or microscopic tests and by nucleic acid amplification tests in children who are evaluated for sexual victimization. | 2009 | 19564286 |
| diagnosis of trichomonas vaginalis in female children and adolescents evaluated for possible sexual abuse: a comparison of the inpouch tv culture method and wet mount microscopy. | to compare the performance of wet mount microscopy and the inpouch tv culture method in diagnosing trichomonas vaginalis in a cohort of female children and adolescents evaluated for possible sexual abuse. | 2009 | 19576816 |
| depression, sexually transmitted infection, and sexual risk behavior among young adults in the united states. | to measure associations among depression, sexual risk behaviors, and sexually transmitted infection (sti) among white and black youth in the united states. | 2009 | 19581548 |
| trichomonas vaginalis infection and associated risk factors in a socially-marginalized female population in coastal peru. | the epidemiology of trichomonas vaginalis infection among sexually active socially-marginalized women in three urban, coastal peruvian cities was examined in order to quantify the prevalence of trichomonas infection and identify associated risk factors. | 2009 | 19584943 |
| a quantitative resazurin assay to determinate the viability of trichomonas vaginalis and the cytotoxicity of organic solvents and surfactant agents. | trichomonas vaginalis causes trichomonosis, the most common, non-viral sexually transmitted disease. to test anti-trichomonas agents, usually many with low water solubility, organic solvents and surfactant agents should be used. therefore, the minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) of acetone, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, dmso, tween 20, tween 80, and triton x-100 was determined against t. vaginalis isolates using the quantitative resazurin method. our results showed that solvents and surfact ... | 2009 | 19619538 |
| the protist trichomonas vaginalis harbors multiple lineages of transcriptionally active mutator-like elements. | for three decades the mutator system was thought to be exclusive of plants, until the first homolog representatives were characterized in fungi and in early-diverging amoebas earlier in this decade. | 2009 | 19622157 |
| physical health consequences of sexual assault victims. | to describe health consequences of sexual assault victims attending police general hospital, thailand. | 2009 | 19626805 |
| correlates of sexually transmitted infection histories in a cohort of american male health professionals. | several epidemiologic studies have investigated sexually transmitted infections (stis) and later risk of genitourinary conditions with suggestive positive results. while these results may reflect causal associations, other possible explanations include confounding by factors possibly related to both sti acquisition and genitourinary condition risk such as recognized sti-risk factors/correlates, and other factors not typically considered in relation to stis (e.g., general health-related behaviors ... | 2009 | 19655261 |
| mycoplasma genitalium as a contributor to the multiple etiologies of cervicitis in women attending sexually transmitted disease clinics. | the purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, trichomonas vaginalis, and mycoplasma genitalium, in women attending a sexually transmitted disease (std) clinic, as well as the frequency of coinfections, and relationship of each organism to cervicitis. | 2009 | 19704398 |
| trichomonas vaginalis kills and eats--evidence for phagocytic activity as a cytopathic effect. | this study reports that the cytopathic effect of trichomonas vaginalis, an important human parasite of the urogenital tract, occurs due to mechanical stress and subsequent phagocytosis of the necrotic cells. the investigation was done using a primary culture of bovine oviduct epithelial cells (boecs), grown either in monolayers or as floating cells. trophozoites displaying different virulence levels were co-incubated with boecs for times varying between 1 min and 48 h. analyses were performed us ... | 2010 | 19723359 |
| proinflammatory cytokine and nitric oxide production by human macrophages stimulated with trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomonas vaginalis commonly causes vaginitis and perhaps cervicitis in women and urethritis in men and women. macrophages are important immune cells in response to t. vaginalis infection. in this study, we investigated whether human macrophages could be involved in inflammation induced by t. vaginalis. human monocyte-derived macrophages (hmdm) were co-cultured with t. vaginalis. live, opsonized-live trichomonads, and t. vaginalis lysates increased proinflammatory cytokines, such as tnf-alpha, ... | 2009 | 19724692 |
| trichomoniasis and other sexually transmitted infections: results from the 2001-2004 national health and nutrition examination surveys. | to estimate the association between trichomonas vaginalis infection (tv) and 6 sexually transmitted infections: chlamydia, gonorrhea, herpes simplex virus (types 1 and 2), syphilis, and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) in a nationally representative sample. | 2009 | 19734826 |
| risk factors for sexually transmitted infections in women in rural northeast brazil. | sexually transmitted infections (stis) are highly prevalent in northeast brazil, but factors associated with the presence of an sti have rarely been studied systematically. | 2008 | 19738353 |
| an iatrogenic confounding variable. | | 2009 | 19741210 |
| prospective study of trichomonas vaginalis infection and prostate cancer incidence and mortality: physicians' health study. | a recent nested case-control study found that the presence of antibodies against trichomonas vaginalis, a common nonviral sexually transmitted infection, was positively associated with subsequent incidence of prostate cancer. we confirmed these findings in an independent population and related serostatus for antibodies against t vaginalis to prostate cancer incidence and mortality. | 2009 | 19741211 |
| genomic organization and promoter analysis of the trichomonas vaginalis core histone gene families. | core histone gene is a well-established model to study eukaryote gene transcription regulation mechanism. however, the protozoan core histone gene regulation mechanism remains largely unknown. in this study, we observed almost all protozoan trichomonas vaginalis core histone genes (60/74) organize as gene pairs in a head-to-head manner, thus facilitating the divergent transcription of both partners. additionally, the majority of both t. vaginalis core histone genes pairs (50/60) and solitary gen ... | 2010 | 19744576 |
| synthesis and biological evaluation of new heterocyclic quinolinones as anti-parasite and anti-hiv drug candidates. | we have synthesized quinolinones with potential antiparasitic and anti-hiv activities by an original two-step method involving microwave irradiation and have evaluated their activities against plasmodium falciparum, leishmania donovani, trichomonas vaginalis, and hiv. none of the tested compounds had been previously described using this method of synthesis. one of the compounds had interesting antiparasitic and anti-hiv activity, which could be improved by substitution with different radicals. | 2009 | 19748781 |
| steroid hormones alter amp hydrolysis in intact trophozoites of trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomonas vaginalis infection may be influenced by the vaginal concentrations of estrogens. we have investigated the effects of 17beta-estradiol and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (dheas) on the ecto-5'-nucleotidase activity in fresh clinical (vp60) and in long-term-grown (30236 atcc) isolates of t. vaginalis. in vitro exposure to dheas and 17beta-estradiol did not induce any changes in adenosine monophosphate (amp) hydrolysis in these isolates. the treatment of parasites in the presence of dh ... | 2009 | 19756747 |
| the evolution of an integrated sexual health service. | the objective of the study was to assess the contributions of different providers across an integrated sexual health-care network to the diagnosis of sexually transmitted infections (stis). the method employed was retrospective cross-sectional survey of laboratory tests for chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhoeae and trichomonas vaginalis between 01 april 2004 and 31 march 2007. the total number of sti screens in all venues rose from 17,126 to 23,679. the proportion of sti screens occurring ... | 2009 | 19759047 |
| the mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase of trichomonas vaginalis links cysteine catabolism to the production of thioredoxin persulfide. | trichomonas vaginalis is a protozoan parasite of humans that is able to synthesize cysteine de novo using cysteine synthase but does not produce glutathione. in this study, high pressure liquid chromatography analysis confirmed that cysteine is the major intracellular redox buffer by showing that t. vaginalis contains high levels of cysteine ( approximately 600 mum) comprising more than 70% of the total thiols detected. to investigate possible mechanisms for the regulation of cysteine levels in ... | 2009 | 19762467 |
| axenization and optimization of in vitro growth of clonal cultures of tetratrichomonas gallinarum and trichomonas gallinae. | a rapid and simple procedure was established to obtain clonal axenic cultures of tetratrichomonas gallinarum and trichomonas gallinae and to optimize their in vitro growth conditions. medium 199 was used for axenization of two genetically different clones of t. gallinarum and t. gallinae. six different media were used to optimize the growth behaviour of axenically grown parasites: medium 199, tym, tyi-s-33, hollander fluid (hf), trichomonas vaginalis (tv) and modified tv media. the highest cell ... | 2010 | 19766633 |
| malate dehydrogenase is negatively regulated by mir-1 in trichomonas vaginalis. | micrornas are highly conserved small noncoding rnas that can suppress protein translation through complementary binding to target mrnas. we used a novel approach to identify mirna targets in the protist trichomonas vaginalis by comparing the levels of differentially expressed proteins and genes in the trophozoite and amoeboid stages. we observed that the t. vaginalis malate dehydrogenase (tv_mdh) gene was upregulated 20-fold in the amoeboid stage, but the protein level was reduced by 4.5-fold. b ... | 2009 | 19777264 |
| molecular characterization of trichomonas vaginalis isolates from the philippines. | trichomonas vaginalis is a human urogenital pathogen that causes trichomoniasis, the most common nonviral parasitic sexually transmitted infection in the world. presently, there are no reports on comparative sequence analysis as well as on the identification of phylogenetic positions of t. vaginalis isolates from the philippines relative to known trichomonads. in this study, 5.8s rdna and the flanking internal transcribed spacer (its) regions of 57 t. vaginalis isolates were sequenced. the phylo ... | 2009 | 19779740 |
| inflammatory events as detected in cervical smears and squamous intraepithelial lesions. | the dutch cytological coding system, kopac, enables to code for eight inflammatory events, that is koilocytosis (related to human papillomavirus (hpv)), trichomonas, dysbacteriosis [related to bacterial vaginosis (bv)], candida, gardnerella, actinomyces, chlamydia, and non-specific inflammation (leucocytosis). this study presents an analysis of 1,008,879 smears. of each smear, the age of the woman and the reason for smear taking (screening or indication) was available. the cytoscores (per mille) ... | 2010 | 19795485 |
| idiopathic urethritis in young men in the united states: prevalence and comparison to infections with known sexually transmitted pathogens. | urethritis is the most common male reproductive tract disease syndrome; yet 20-50% of diagnosed cases have no defined etiology, and few population-level data exist on the prevalence or etiology of the syndrome. we estimated the prevalence of urethritis among young men in the united states and compared correlates of idiopathic cases to correlates of detected infections with sexually transmitted pathogens. | 2009 | 19837352 |
| partial purification and characterization of trichomonas vaginalis dna topoisomerase ii. | dna topoisomerases regulate conformational changes in dna topology by catalyzing the breakage and rejoining of dna strands during the cell cycle. these processes are essential for the multiplication of cells, and inhibition of these reactions stops cell division and cell growth. drug resistance to trichomonas vaginalis, a common sexually transmitted protozoan parasite, is increasing worldwide, and dna topoisomerase ii may provide a new target for anti-trichomonal drug development. in this study, ... | 2009 | 19842367 |
| the prevalence of sexually transmitted and other lower reproductive tract infections among rural women in sichuan province, china. | to estimate the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (sti) and lower reproductive tract infections (rti) and determine risk factors for sti among rural women in sichuan province, china, a cross-sectional, community-based cluster sample of 2,000 rural, married women were interviewed, examined and clinical specimens collected to assess for six sti and two non-sexually transmitted rti. the overall prevalence of any sti was 10.9% (95% ci 9.5-12.3); of any sti or rti was 30.8% (95% ci 28.7-3 ... | 2009 | 19842387 |
| impact of t. vaginalis infection on innate immune responses and reproductive outcome. | trichomonas vaginalis is the most common non-viral sexually transmitted pathogen. the infection is prevalent in reproductive age women and is associated with vaginitis, endometritis, adnexitis, pyosalpinx, infertility, preterm birth, low birth weight, bacterial vaginosis, and increased risk of cervical cancer, hpv, and hiv infection. in men, its complications include urethritis, prostatitis, epididymitis, and infertility through inflammatory damage or interference with the sperm function. the in ... | 2009 | 19850356 |
| [in vitro effect of secnidazole benzoate on trichomonas vaginalis]. | to research the trichomonacidal effect of secnidazole benzoate in vitro. | 2009 | 19856497 |
| methionine gamma-lyase: the unique reaction mechanism, physiological roles, and therapeutic applications against infectious diseases and cancers. | sulfur-containing amino acids (saas) are essential components in many biological processes and ubiquitously distributed to all organisms. both biosynthetic and catabolic pathways of saas are heterogeneous among organisms and between developmental stages, and regulated by the environmental changes. limited lineage of organisms ranging from archaea to plants, but not human, possess a unique enzyme methionine gamma-lyase (mgl, ec 4.4.1.11) to directly degrade saa to alpha-keto acids, ammonia, and v ... | 2009 | 19859976 |
| the cultivation of trichomonas of the human mouth (tetratrichomonas hominis). | trichomonades from the mouth were studied by steinberg who proposed to group them into three distinct types; namely, trichomonas elongata, trichomonas caudata, and trichomonas flagellata. doflein (3) regards them as probably identical with trichomonas hominis. opinions differ as to whether or not trichomonas vaginalis donné and trichomonas hominis grassi are the same species. lynch, for instance, believes that they are the same species, while von prowazek (4), bensen (5), and others (6, 7) insis ... | 1917 | 19868092 |
| high prevalence of bacterial vaginosis in adolescent girls in a tropical area of ecuador. | bacterial vaginosis (bv) is a common clinical syndrome, but data are scarce on the bv prevalence in tropical regions among sexually active and virgin adolescents. to estimate the prevalence of bv among adolescent girls in an ecuadorian coastal town, girls were asked to complete a questionnaire on risk factors for bv and vaginal samples were examined. bacterial vaginosis was present in 31.5% of 213 girls, and the prevalence was similar in self-reported virgin and sexually active girls (or 1.06, 9 ... | 2010 | 19874295 |
| trichomonas vaginalis: underdiagnosis in urban australia could facilitate re-emergence. | trichomonas vaginalis (tv) has a low profile in urban sexually transmitted infection (sti) clinics in many developed countries. the objective of this study was to determine the true prevalence of tv in an australian urban sexual health setting using sensitive molecular diagnostic techniques. | 2010 | 19880969 |
| maternal morbidity in the first year after childbirth in mombasa kenya; a needs assessment. | in sub-saharan africa, few services specifically address the needs of women in the first year after childbirth. by assessing the health status of women in this period, key interventions to improve maternal health could be identified. there is an underutilised opportunity to include these interventions within the package of services provided for woman-child pairs attending child-health clinics. | 2009 | 19891784 |
| [diagnostic effectiveness of wet mount examination versus nucleic acid hybridisation for the diagnosis of trichomoniasis]. | | 2010 | 19892437 |
| histomonas meleagridis possesses three alpha-actinins immunogenic to its hosts. | histomonas meleagridis is a protozoan parasite known to cause histomonosis (syn. typhlohepatitis) in poultry. due to the economic losses which the disease entails, there is an urgency to understanding its pathogenesis. in the present investigation, three partial cdna sequences encoding heterogenic alpha-actinins previously identified for h. meleagridis were completed and characterized. these three h. meleagridis alpha-actinin isoforms were named alpha-actinin1, alpha-actinin2, and alpha-actinin3 ... | 2010 | 19896981 |
| etiology and determinants of sexually transmitted infections in karnataka state, south india. | syndromic case management remains the cornerstone for sti (sexually transmitted infection) treatment in many countries. we undertook this study to better understand the etiology of stis in adults in south india and to inform sti management guidelines. | 2010 | 19901864 |
| imidazole derivatives as possible microbicides with dual protection. | twenty seven derivatives (2-28) of 2-(2-methyl-5-nitro-1h-imidazol-1-yl)ethanol were synthesized and evaluated for anti-trichomonas, spermicidal and antifungal activities. twenty six compounds were active against trichomonas vaginalis at mic ranging from 1-42 microm and seven compounds (9,18,19,22,24,26,28) immobilized 100% human spermatozoa at 1% concentration (w/v). twenty three compounds (2,3,5,8-26,28) exhibited antifungal activity at 25-50 microg/ml concentration. seven compounds (9,18,19,2 ... | 2010 | 19906466 |
| use of injectable progestin contraception and risk of sti among south african women. | this study was conducted to determine the association between the use of injectable progestin contraception (ipc) and the risk of infection with neisseria gonorrhoeae (gc), chlamydia trachomatis (ct), bacterial vaginosis (bv) and trichomonas vaginalis (tv) among women in south africa. | 2009 | 19913149 |
| metronidazole resistance in trichomonas vaginalis from highland women in papua new guinea. | the prevalence of the sexually transmissible protozoan parasite trichomonas vaginalis in the highlands of papua new guinea (png) has been reported to be as high as 46% and although not previously studied in papua new guinea, clinical resistance against metronidazole (mz), the drug most commonly used to treat trichomoniasis, is well documented worldwide. this study was primarily aimed at assessing resistance to mz in t. vaginalis strains from the goroka region. | 2009 | 19917203 |
| prevalence of trichomonas vaginalis infection among young reproductive age women in india: implications for treatment and prevention. | trichomonas vaginalis infection is the most common curable sexually transmissible infection (sti) worldwide. the present study describes the burden and correlates of t. vaginalis infection among young reproductive age women in mysore, india. | 2009 | 19917204 |
| treatment of metronidazole-resistant trichomonas vaginalis. | a 58-year-old caucasian woman presented with a 14-month history of persistent trichomoniasis not responsive to numerous courses of metronidazole and tinidazole. vaginal secretion samples were obtained for sensitivity testing and treatment recommendations. in vitro susceptibility testing revealed the patient's trichomonas vaginalis isolate was highly resistant to both metronidazole and tinidazole. she was treated with topical furazolidone and experienced a complete symptomatic cure and culture re ... | 2009 | 19917205 |
| prevalence of sexually transmitted infections among female adolescents aged 14 to 19 in the united states. | most young women initiate sexual activity during adolescence; risk for sexually transmitted infections (stis) accompanies this initiation. in this study we estimated the prevalence of the most common stis among a representative sample of female adolescents in the united states. | 2009 | 19933728 |
| cloning and sequencing of adhesion protein gene of trichomonas gallinae from pigeon. | the adhesion protein (ap) gene of trichomonas gallinae from pigeon was cloned and sequenced. the first-strand cdna of the ap gene of t. gallinae from pigeon was amplified by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) with total rna extracting kit and cloned in the vector pmd18-t. the recombinant plasmid was identified by pcr and restriction endonuclease, and the positive clone was sequenced and analysed by comparing the sequence similarity with other sequences in the genbank. the a ... | 2010 | 19939572 |
| trichomonas vaginalis is highly prevalent in adolescent girls, pregnant women, and commercial sex workers in ndola, zambia. | objectives:: the aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of trichomonas sp. infection among adolescent girls, pregnant women, and commercial sex workers in ndola, zambia. methods:: a cross-sectional study was conducted among 460 girls attending school, 307 pregnant women, and 197 commercial sex workers. self-collected specimens from the vagina, rectum, and mouth were tested by polymerase chain amplification assays for the presence of trichomonas vaginalis, pentatrichomonas hominis, and tri ... | 2009 | 19940808 |
| high prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus infection among women with trichomonas vaginalis infection on monolayer cytology. | to evaluate the risk of high-risk human papillomavirus (hpv) infection in women with trichomonas vaginalis infection, and the reason remains unclear. | 2010 | 19940998 |
| immunoproteomics of the active degradome to identify biomarkers for trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomonas vaginalis, a sexually transmitted parasite, has many cysteine proteinases (cps); some are involved in trichomonal pathogenesis, express during infection, and antibodies against cps have been detected in patient sera. the goal of this study was to identify the antigenic proteinases of t. vaginalis as potential biomarkers for trichomonosis. the proteases detected when t. vaginalis protein extracts are incubated without protease inhibitors, the trichomonad-active degradome, and the immu ... | 2010 | 19957290 |
| diagnosis of trichomonas vaginalis in female children and adolescents. | | 2010 | 19963412 |
| time from first intercourse to first sexually transmitted infection diagnosis among adolescent women. | to determine the time between first intercourse and first sexually transmitted infection (sti) with chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, or trichomonas vaginalis and time between repeated infections. | 2009 | 19996047 |
| trichomoniasis. an update on diagnostic tools and treatments. | | 2008 | 19999494 |
| the hydrogenosomes of psalteriomonas lanterna. | hydrogenosomes are organelles that produce molecular hydrogen and atp. the broad phylogenetic distribution of their hosts suggests that the hydrogenosomes of these organisms evolved several times independently from the mitochondria of aerobic progenitors. morphology and 18s rrna phylogeny suggest that the microaerophilic amoeboflagellate psalteriomonas lanterna, which possesses hydrogenosomes and elusive "modified mitochondria", belongs to the heterolobosea, a taxon that consists predominantly o ... | 2009 | 20003182 |
| diagnostic utility of the genital gram stain in ed patients. | the study aimed to determine the diagnostic usefulness of the genital gram stain in an emergency department (ed) population. | 2010 | 20006195 |
| hydrogenosomes of laboratory-induced metronidazole-resistant trichomonas vaginalis lines are downsized while those from clinically metronidazole-resistant isolates are not. | trichomonas vaginalis is the most common sexually transmitted protozoan in the world and its resistance to metronidazole is increasing. the purpose of this study was to demonstrate that clinical metronidazole resistance in t. vaginalis does not occur via the same mechanism as laboratory-induced metronidazole resistance--that is, via hydrogenosome down sizing. ultrathin sections of this parasite were examined using transmission electron microscopy and the size and area of the cell and hydrogenoso ... | 2010 | 20015182 |
| prevalence and correlates of trichomonas vaginalis among incarcerated persons assessed using a highly sensitive molecular assay. | we describe the epidemiology of trichomonas vaginalis (tv) among san francisco county jail inmates using aptima tv analyte-specific reagents on remnant urine. we detected tv in 15/713 (2.1%) men and 95/297 (32.0%) women. among women, increased age was significantly associated with tv. the benefits of tv screening should be determined. | 2010 | 20023598 |
| immunohistochemical study of the vaginal inflammatory response in experimental trichomoniasis. | in the present paper, the acute and subchronical inflammatory processes of the vaginal epithelial were studied in mice experimentally infected with two trichomonas vaginalis strains of different pathogenicity, by means of histological and immunological methods. there was an increase in the stratified epithelium layers as well as edema produced by the increase of vascularization in the propia submucosa and infiltration of leukocytes. the proliferation of the vaginal epithelium favors the settleme ... | 2010 | 20025844 |
| a clinicopathological study of urethritis in males. | to determine the etiology and frequency of different types of urethritis in adult males. | 2009 | 20042155 |
| male circumcision for the prevention of acquisition and transmission of sexually transmitted infections: the case for neonatal circumcision. | the american academy of pediatrics (aap) male circumcision policy states that while there are potential medical benefits of newborn male circumcision, the data are insufficient to recommend routine neonatal circumcision. since 2005, however, 3 randomized trials have evaluated male circumcision for prevention of sexually transmitted infections. the trials found that circumcision decreases human immunodeficiency virus acquisition by 53% to 60%, herpes simplex virus type 2 acquisition by 28% to 34% ... | 2010 | 20048246 |
| correlates of cervical mycoplasma genitalium and risk of preterm birth among peruvian women. | mycoplasma genitalium is associated with cervicitis and pelvic inflammatory disease in nonpregnant women. we investigated associations between cervical m genitalium, demographic and behavioral risk factors for sexually transmitted infection and preterm birth among low-income peruvian women. | 2010 | 20051932 |
| identification of two novel trichomonas vaginalis eif-5a genes. | the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5a (eif-5a) is highly conserved and is the only protein that is known to contain the unique and essential amino acid residue hypusine. synthesis of hypusine is essential for the function of eif5a in eukaryotic cell proliferation and survival. in this study, we identified two novel eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5a (eif-5a) genes in trichomonas vaginalis. the tveif-5a1 and tveif-5a2 putative genes were localized in different contigs, both con ... | 2010 | 20060503 |
| the prevalence, incidence and risk factors of herpes simplex virus type 2 infection among pregnant zimbabwean women followed up nine months after childbirth. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) is the leading cause of genital ulcer disease worldwide. the virus can be transmitted to neonates and there are scarce data regarding incidence of hsv-2 among women in pregnancy and after childbirth. the aim of this study is to measure the incidence and risk factors for hsv-2 infection in women followed for 9 months after childbirth. | 2010 | 20064273 |
| acetate formation in the energy metabolism of parasitic helminths and protists. | formation and excretion of acetate as a metabolic end product of energy metabolism occurs in many protist and helminth parasites, such as the parasitic helminths fasciola hepatica, haemonchus contortus and ascaris suum, and the protist parasites, giardia lamblia, entamoeba histolytica, trichomonas vaginalis as well as trypanosoma and leishmania spp. in all of these parasites acetate is a main end product of their energy metabolism, whereas acetate formation does not occur in their mammalian host ... | 2010 | 20085767 |
| the flavin inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium renders trichomonas vaginalis resistant to metronidazole, inhibits thioredoxin reductase and flavin reductase, and shuts off hydrogenosomal enzymatic pathways. | infections with the microaerophilic protozoan parasite trichomonas vaginalis are commonly treated with metronidazole, a 5-nitroimidazole drug. metronidazole is selectively toxic to microaerophiles and anaerobes because reduction at the drug's nitro group, which is a precondition for toxicity, occurs only quantitatively in these organisms. in our previous work we identified the flavin enzyme thioredoxin reductase as an electron donor to 5-nitroimidazole drugs in t. vaginalis and observed that hig ... | 2010 | 20093143 |
| urinary tract infection among asymptomatic hiv patients in benin city, nigeria. | the impact of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection and cd4+ count on the prevalence of urinary tract infection (uti) is studied to determine the prevalence of uti among hiv and non-hiv subjects. clean-catch midstream urine and venous blood was collected from 421 subjects comprising 317 hiv patients (89 men, 228 women) and 104 non-hiv subjects (48 men, 56 women). the hiv patients consisted of 101 highly active antiretroviral therapy (haart)-naive subjects and 216 patients on haart for thr ... | 2009 | 20095127 |
| [microbiological diagnosis of sexually transmitted infections (sti): part 1. non-viral sti]. | non-viral sexually transmitted infections (sti) are an important cause of physical, psychological and social distress, have severe consequences for women's reproductive health and may be transmitted to the newborn child. these infections are also risk factors for the acquisition and transmission of hiv and other sti, and for premature labor. in the last years we have observed a gradual decrease in the national incidence of gonorrhea. the implementation of a screening program in our country for c ... | 2009 | 20098788 |
| in vitro activity of arbutus unedo leaf extracts against trichomonas vaginalis trophozoites. | trichomonas vaginalis (t. vaginalis) is a flagellated protozoan commonly causing sexually transmitted disease. t. vaginalis infections are treated with a 5-nitroimidazole derivate. however, drug resistance has been known to occur for a long time and new alternatives are under investigation. arbutus unedo is a wild plant mainly growing in maquis and rocky places of the seaboard in southern europe. in our study, ethanolic, water, hexane and ethyl acetate extracts of arbutus unedo leaves were teste ... | 2009 | 20101573 |
| [the relation between trichomoniasis and contraceptive methods]. | trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by trichomonas vaginalis (t. vaginalis) infecting the urogenital system. in this study, the relation between different contraceptive methods used and t. vaginalis infection was investigated. a total of 253 women (aged from 20-48 years) with abnormal vaginal discharges who applied to the obstetrics and gynecology outpatient clinic were enrolled in the study. t. vaginalis was diagnosed by microscopic examination of direct and giemsa stained p ... | 2009 | 20101574 |
| trichomonas vaginalis vast bspa-like gene family: evidence for functional diversity from structural organisation and transcriptomics. | trichomonas vaginalis is the most common non-viral human sexually transmitted pathogen and importantly, contributes to facilitating the spread of hiv. yet very little is known about its surface and secreted proteins mediating interactions with, and permitting the invasion and colonisation of, the host mucosa. initial annotations of t. vaginalis genome identified a plethora of candidate extracellular proteins. | 2010 | 20144183 |
| a cross-sectional study of reported symptoms for sexually transmissible infections among female sex workers in papua new guinea. | sexually transmissible infections (stis) are common in female sex workers (fsws), most of which are asymptomatic and therefore under-reported. our aim was to determine the sensitivity and specificity of reported symptoms obtained via questionnaire augmented with leukocyte esterase (le) urine dipstick test for the detection of chlamydia trachomatis (ct), neisseria gonorrhea (ng) and trichomonas vaginalis (tv) detected using polymerase chain reaction (pcr). | 2010 | 20152100 |
| trichomonas vaginalis: dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and 17beta-estradiol alter ntpdase activity and gene expression. | we investigated the effect of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (dheas) and 17beta-estradiol on ntpdase activity in fresh clinical (vp60) and long-term-grown (30236 atcc) isolates of trichomonas vaginalis followed by ntpdase gene transcriptional analysis. atp hydrolysis was activated in vitro by 17beta-estradiol (0.01-1.0microm) in the vp60 isolate. treatment for 2h with 17beta-estradiol (0.01-1microm) promoted an inhibition in nucleotide hydrolysis in the 30236 isolate whereas the 12h-treatment pr ... | 2010 | 20159012 |
| point-of-care testing for sexually transmitted infections increases awareness and short-term abstinence in adolescent women. | to evaluate the effect of point-of-care (poc) testing for sexually transmitted infections (stis) on reported awareness of test results and sti risk-reduction behaviors in adolescents. | 2010 | 20159505 |
| intravaginal practices, vaginal infections and hiv acquisition: systematic review and meta-analysis. | intravaginal practices are commonly used by women to manage their vaginal health and sexual life. these practices could, however, affect intravaginal mucosal integrity. the objectives of this study were to examine evidence for associations between: intravaginal practices and acquisition of hiv infection; intravaginal practices and vaginal infections; and vaginal infections and hiv acquisition. | 2010 | 20161749 |
| trichomonas vaginalis nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase and ecto-5'-nucleotidase activities are inhibited by lycorine and candimine. | drug discovery from plants plays an important role in the pharmaceutical therapy field and the alkaloids lycorine and candimine are candidates for this purpose. trichomonas vaginalis is a parasite that infects the human urogenital tract and causes trichomonosis, the most prevalent non-viral sexually transmitted disease. ecto-nucleotidases including nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (ntpdase) members, which hydrolyses extracellular atp (adenosine triphosphate) and adp (adenosine diphosph ... | 2010 | 20176129 |
| determinants of hiv type 1 shedding from genital ulcers among men in south africa. | our study evaluated correlates of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-1 lesional shedding among men with genital ulcer disease (gud). | 2010 | 20178417 |
| prevalence of trichomonas vaginalis infection in women attending a major gynaecological hospital in greece: a cross-sectional study. | the prevalence of trichomonas vaginalis is not accurately estimated, since it is not a reportable disease. | 2010 | 20203225 |
| regulation of gene expression in protozoa parasites. | infections with protozoa parasites are associated with high burdens of morbidity and mortality across the developing world. despite extensive efforts to control the transmission of these parasites, the spread of populations resistant to drugs and the lack of effective vaccines against them contribute to their persistence as major public health problems. parasites should perform a strict control on the expression of genes involved in their pathogenicity, differentiation, immune evasion, or drug r ... | 2010 | 20204171 |
| paromomycin treatment of recalcitrant trichomonas vaginalis. | we report a 49-year-old woman with a five-year history of persistent trichomonas vaginalis infection. treatment with several courses of metronidazole and tinidazole failed to resolve her symptoms. a single course of intravaginal paromomycin was effective in clearing the infection. | 2010 | 20215633 |
| [cloning, expression and immunogenicity analysis of cysteine proteinase 3 of trichomonas vaginalis]. | to study the humoral antibody response of mice to the recombinant trichomonas vaginalis cysteine proteinase (tvcp3) in order to investigate the function of the proteinase and its application in diagnosis. | 2009 | 20232629 |
| guidelines for the laboratory diagnosis of trichomoniasis in east european countries. | the laboratory diagnosis of sexually transmitted infections in many eastern european countries remains suboptimal. the main objective of the present evidence-based guidelines is to provide comprehensive information regarding the laboratory diagnosis of infections caused by trichomonas vaginalis in east european countries. in particular, the present guidelines recommend: (i) to encourage examination of the wet mounts of vaginal exudates, instead of stained smears, at all clinical settings; (ii) n ... | 2010 | 20236204 |
| on the structure, division, and systematic position of trichomonas vaginalis donné, with a note on its methods of feeding. | | 1947 | 20240380 |
| the physiology of bacteria-free trichomonas vaginalis. | | 1947 | 20245735 |
| action of chemotherapeutic agents on trichomonas vaginalis, trichomonas hominis and trichomonas foetus in vitro. | | 1947 | 20249598 |
| acquired resistance to stilbamidine and pentamidine in trichomonas vaginalis. | | 1947 | 20264863 |
| microagglutination tests with trichomonas vaginalis. | | 1946 | 20276042 |
| what is the hydrogen ion concentration (ph) of the vagina in trichomonas vaginalis infestation. | | 1946 | 20287256 |
| the nutrition of protozoa; a simplified medium for the investigation of unknown factors in blood serum essential for the sustained growth of trichomonas vaginalis. | | 1947 | 20292334 |
| the nutrition of protozoa; the separation of human blood serum into two fractions, both essential for the sustained growth of trichomonas vaginalis. | | 1947 | 20292335 |