| chronic fatigue syndrome. | chronic fatigue syndrome (cfs) is thought to have a worldwide prevalence of 0.4-1% with approximately 240,000 patients in the uk. diagnosis is based on clinical criteria and critically depends on exclusion of other physical and psychiatric diseases. studies of pathogenesis have revealed immune system abnormalities and chronic immune activation, dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (hpa) axis, brain abnormalities, evidence of emotional stress (comprising host aspects) and evidence of ... | 2006 | 16978917 |
| q fever in members of the united states armed forces returning from iraq. | large numbers of armed forces personnel returning from southwest asia may present with infections that are not endemic to the united states or that occur rarely and are underdiagnosed in the united states. we report 2 cases of acute q fever in members of the us military recently returned from iraq. because a number of recent reports suggest that the risk of q fever may be higher than initially thought among us forces deployed to this region, clinicians need to have a high index of clinical suspi ... | 2006 | 16983603 |
| experimental coxiella burnetii infection in pregnant goats: a histopathological and immunohistochemical study. | pregnant goats were inoculated subcutaneosly with coxiella burnetii and the course of infection was studied. abortion in the last third of pregnancy occurred in all infected animals. tissues from the placenta and other organs were studied before and after abortion by immunohistochemistry and pcr analysis. after infection, mild lesions were observed in several maternal organs, mainly the mammary gland but also the lung and the liver. the trophoblast cells of the choriallantoic membrane were the f ... | 2006 | 16997003 |
| rickettsial agents in egyptian ticks collected from domestic animals. | to assess the presence of rickettsial pathogens in ticks from egypt, we collected ticks from domestic and peridomestic animals between june 2002 and july 2003. dna extracts from 1019 ticks were tested, using pcr and sequencing, for anaplasma spp., bartonella spp., coxiella burnetii, ehrlichia spp., and rickettsia spp. ticks included: 29 argas persicus, 10 hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum, 55 hyalomma anatolicum excavatum, 174 hyalomma dromedarii, 2 hyalomma impeltatum, 3 hyalomma marginatum rufipe ... | 2006 | 17004028 |
| seroepidemiologic survey of coxiella burnetii and attempt to detect coxiella dna in aged non-laying chickens in a prefecture of japan where poultry farming prospers. | the indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat) revealed seropositivity to coxiella burnetii in aged non-laying chickens in poultry farms in a prefecture in the central part of japan. seropositivity was 7%, and antibody titers ranged from 16 to 64. no dna fragment specific for c. burnetii was detected in the chickens by nested-pcr. the prevalence of c. burnetii infection in a prefecture of japan in which poultry farming prospers was 7%. | 2006 | 17019076 |
| a super-spreading ewe infects hundreds with q fever at a farmers' market in germany. | in may 2003 the soest county health department was informed of an unusually large number of patients hospitalized with atypical pneumonia. | 2006 | 17026751 |
| [treatment and course of community-acquired pneumonia caused by atypical pathogens]. | to study the course of disease and outcomes in a group of patients with community-acquired pneumonia caused by atypical pathogens (mycoplasma pneumoniae, legionella species ,coxiella burnetii, and chlamydophila pneumoniae) according to the empiric treatment received. | 2006 | 17040657 |
| seroprevalence of coxiella burnetii infection in dairy cattle and non-symptomatic people for routine health screening in korea. | we report results on the seroprevalence of antibodies to coxiella burnetii in cattle and healthy people in korea. upon agreement with dairy owners, serum samples from 414 dairy cattle were collected between march and june 2001 and samples from 205 people for health screening were collected between april and december 2002. the sera were analyzed for the presence of anti-c. burnetii phase ii antibodies using an indirect microimmunofluorescence test; strong fluorescence at a 1:32 dilution was regar ... | 2006 | 17043413 |
| clinical and pathologic changes in a guinea pig aerosol challenge model of acute q fever. | acute q fever is a zoonotic disease caused by the obligate intracellular bacterium coxiella burnetii and can manifest as a flu-like illness, pneumonia, or hepatitis. a need exists in q fever research for animal models mimicking both the typical route of infection (inhalation) and the clinical illness seen in human cases of q fever. a guinea pig aerosol challenge model was developed using c. burnetii nine mile phase i (rsa 493), administered using a specialized chamber designed to deliver droplet ... | 2006 | 17057087 |
| validation of an internal method for the diagnosis of infections with chlamydophila abortus and coxiella burnetii by real-time multiplex pcr. | chlamydophila abortus and coxiella burnetii are one of the major pathogens implicated in abortion in cattle. their characteristic of obligate intracellular bacteria, and of zoonotic agents, makes their culture difficult in diagnostic laboratories, and the traditional tools of diagnosis (detection of sera antibodies by elisa, stamp's coloration) encounter specificity, sensitivity and interpretability limits. individual pcr have recently been developed. nevertheless, their income/cost is a limitin ... | 2006 | 17058498 |
| association between coxiella burnetii seropositivity and abortion in dairy cattle of northern italy. | coxiella burnetii, the agent of q fever in humans, has been associated with abortion in cattle. in this study 650 sera from cattle with abortion and 600 randomly-selected control sera were examined for antibodies to c. burnetii by elisa. two hundred and ninety-two (44.9%) out of 650 animals which experienced abortion were seropositive versus 132 (22%) out of 600 of the control group. a statistically significant difference resulted from the comparison of the seroprevalence of aborted cattle with ... | 2006 | 17058789 |
| serologic survey in animals of 'q' fever in nuevo leon. | the serological prevalence of q fever in mexico is unknown. a serological survey for coxiella burnetii was undertaken on a randomly selected population of dairy cattle, beef cattle, goats and sheep flocks. serological examination of animal sera for antibodies against coxiella burnetii was carried out by the elisa technique. the 28% of the dairy cattle and 10% of beef cattle examinated were antibody positive. sera from goats and sheep also had antibodies against this rickettsia, 35% and 40% respe ... | 2002 | 17063775 |
| the autophagic pathway is actively modulated by phase ii coxiella burnetii to efficiently replicate in the host cell. | the etiologic agent of q fever coxiella burnetii, is an intracellular obligate parasite that develops large vacuoles with phagolysosomal characteristics, containing multiple replicating bacteria. we have previously shown that phase ii c. burnetii replicative vacuoles generated after 24-48 h post infection are decorated with the autophagic protein lc3. the aim of the present study was to examine, at earlier stages of infection, the distribution and roles of the small gtpases rab5 and rab7, marker ... | 2007 | 17087732 |
| proteome and antigen profiling of coxiella burnetii developmental forms. | a biphasic developmental cycle whereby highly resistant small-cell variants (scvs) are generated from large-cell variants (lcvs) is considered fundamental to the virulence of coxiella burnetii, the causative agent of human q fever. in this study a proteome analysis of c. burnetii developmental forms was conducted to provide insight into their unique biological and immunological properties. silver-stained gels of scv and lcv lysates separated by two-dimensional (2-d) gel electrophoresis resolved ... | 2007 | 17088354 |
| rickettsioses in japan and the far east. | three rickettsial diseases are known to exist in japan currently: japanese spotted fever (jsf), tsutsugamushi disease (td; scrub typhus), and q fever. since april 1999, the system for infection control and prevention in japan has changed drastically. jsf, q fever, and td, as emerging infectious diseases, are designated as national notifiable diseases.the geographic distribution of jsf patients is along the coast of central and southwestern japan, whereas td and q fever occur almost all over the ... | 2006 | 17114681 |
| rickettsioses in australia. | australia, an island continent in the southern hemisphere, has a range of rickettsial diseases that include typhus group rickettsiae (rickettsia typhi), spotted fever group rickettsiae (r. australis, r. honei), scrub typhus group rickettsiae (r. tsutsugamushi), and q fever (c. burnetii). our knowledge of australian rickettsiae is expanding with the recognition of an expanded range of r. honei (flinders island spotted fever) to tasmania and southeastern mainland australia (not just on flinders is ... | 2006 | 17114682 |
| anthropogenic effects on changing q fever epidemiology in russia. | in the northwestern region of russia (leningrad province) cattle is proved to be the main source of c. burnetii infection in humans, both in menaced professionals and in formally nonmenaced groups. liquidation of specialized cattle-breeding complexes (with their well-organized veterinary surveillance) and broadening of the circle of non-professionals that contact with agriculture or domestic animals infected with c. burnetii provide the prerequisites to q fever spreading among various groups of ... | 2006 | 17114691 |
| human coxiella burnetii infections in regions of bosnia and herzegovina, 2002. | acute infections in humans and animals caused by coxiella burnetii (c. burnetii) are becoming an important medical problem for bosnia and herzegovina (b&h). from a clinical and epidemiological aspect, q fever represents a complex medical problem, considering that one of the highest incidence rates of q fever in europe has been recorded during the last few years in b&h. the first case of this disease in b&h was described in 1950, by muray et al., and the first epidemic, with 16 infected individua ... | 2006 | 17114692 |
| serotesting of human q fever distribution in bosnia and herzegovina. | q fever is a zoonotic disease with worldwide distribution. it occurs in different geographic regions and climate zones. from 1990 till the end of 1997, only three infected individuals were registered in bosnia and herzegovina, during the year 1991, with the incidence of 0.05% 000. from 1996 onward, there was a sudden aggravation of epizoological and epidemiological situation in particular regions of bosnia and herzegovina. we performed serotesting during the 4-year period from 2000 to 2003. we t ... | 2006 | 17114694 |
| serologic study of rickettsioses among acute febrile patients in central tunisia. | although mediterranean spotted or "boutonneuse" fever (msf) has been documented in central tunisia, other spotted fever group rickettsioses (sfgr) and typhus group rickettsioses (tgr) have received little attention in our region. we sought to determine the role of rickettsioses, q fever, ehrlichioses, and bartonelloses among patients with acute fever. the results of this study of 47 persons with acute fever of undetermined origin are reported in this paper. we concluded that sfgr, murine typhus, ... | 2006 | 17114704 |
| public health problem of zoonoses with emphasis on q fever. | zoonoses are animal and human diseases. q fever is primarily a zoonosis-an animal disease that can be transmitted to humans under certain conditions. recent epidemiological studies suggest that q fever should be considered as a public health problem in many countries where it is present, but unrecognizable due to inadequate disease controls. through specific serological diagnosis of clinically suspected human q fever cases, we are trying to determine a level of general coxiella burnetii (c. burn ... | 2006 | 17114710 |
| infective endocarditis due to bartonella spp. and coxiella burnetii: experience at a cardiology hospital in sao paulo, brazil. | bartonella spp. and coxiella burnetii are recognized as causative agents of blood culture-negative endocarditis (bcne) in humans and there are no studies of their occurrences in brazil. the purpose of this study is to investigate bartonella spp. and c. burnetii as a causative agent of culture-negative endocarditis patients at a cardiology hospital in são paulo, brazil. from january 2004 to december 2004 patients with a diagnosis of endocarditis at our institute were identified and recorded prosp ... | 2006 | 17114712 |
| diagnosis of coxiella burnetii pericarditis using a systematic prescription kit in case of pericardial effusion. | coxiella burnetii, regarded as a potential agent of pericarditis, wa found to be responsible for almost 5% of the cases of idiopathic pericardial effusion reported in this series. diagnosis was aided by use of a systematic kit described in this paper. | 2006 | 17114715 |
| detection of anaplasma phagocytophilum, coxiella burnetii, rickettsia spp., and borrelia burgdorferi s. l. in ticks, and wild-living animals in western and middle slovakia. | in this study, three tick species (ixodes ricinus, dermacentor marginatus, and d. reticulatus), small terrestrial mammals, and game were examined by pcr for the presence of tick-borne pathogens anaplasma phagocytophilum, coxiella burnetii, rickettsia spp., and borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. | 2006 | 17114728 |
| population survey of egyptian arthropods for rickettsial agents. | between june 2002 and july 2003, 987 fleas, representing four species, and 1019 ticks, representing one argasid and eight ixodid species, were collected from egyptian animals. these arthropods were tested for rickettsial agents using polymerase chain reaction. dnas from anaplasma and ehrlichia spp. were detected in 13 ticks. previously undescribed bartonella spp. were detected in 21 fleas. coxiella burnetii was detected in two fleas and 20 ticks. rickettsia typhi was detected in 27 fleas from 10 ... | 2006 | 17114742 |
| ticks, tick-borne rickettsiae, and coxiella burnetii in the greek island of cephalonia. | domestic animals are the hosts of several tick species and the reservoirs of some tick-borne pathogens; hence, they play an important role in the circulation of these arthropods and their pathogens in nature. they may act as vectors, but, also, as reservoirs of spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsiae, which are the causative agents of sfg rickettsioses. q fever is a worldwide zoonosis caused by coxiella burnetii (c. burnetii), which can be isolated from ticks. a total of 1,848 ticks (954 female, 8 ... | 2006 | 17114747 |
| incidence of ovine abortion by coxiella burnetii in northern spain. | the infectious causes of ovine abortion occurring in 148 farms in northern spain between 1999 and 2003 were investigated. laboratory analysis included microbiological, serological, pathological and molecular techniques. border disease was diagnosed in 16% of the flocks, toxoplasmosis in 15%, chlamydiosis in 12%, salmonellosis in 10%, q fever in 3%, miscellaneous infections in 7% (yersinia spp., listeria spp., brucella spp.), and inflammatory lesions compatible with an infectious cause were seen ... | 2006 | 17114763 |
| detection of coxiella burnetii in market chicken eggs and mayonnaise. | we tried to detect c. burnetii in market chicken eggs and mayonnaise by nested pcr assay. the pcr target was the com 1 gene of c. burnetii. the positive rate for egg and mayonnaise samples was 4.2% and 17.6%, respectively. direct sequence of some of the positive egg samples shows mutations whereas no mutation was found in the positive mayonnaise samples. the number of molecules of the q fever agent is estimated at 10(4) to 10(6) per egg, according to our quantitative pcr test. | 2006 | 17114764 |
| multiplexed serology in atypical bacterial pneumonia. | atypical pneumonia is a term applied to lower respiratory tract infections that are not characterized by signs and symptoms of lobar consolidation. this article will discuss the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and laboratory diagnoses of mycoplasma pneumoniae, chlamydia sp., legionella sp., francisella tularensis, and coxiella burnetii, which are the agents most commonly associated with atypical pneumonia. because many of these pathogens are intracellular, diagnosis depends upon serologic ... | 2006 | 17114771 |
| identification and characterization of coxiella burnetii strains and isolates using monoclonal antibodies. | we evaluated 6 monoclonal antibodies (mabs) for their usefulness in identifying and characterizing recognized laboratory strains as well as field isolates of coxiella burnetii. five had been generated in response to strain nine mile (3 igm class, 1 igg class, 1 light chain producers only) and were polypeptide-specific, and 1 was anti-priscilla (igg class) and was lipopolysaccharide (lps)-specific. initially, the mabs were used in conjunction with a dot blot assay with which we could differentiat ... | 2006 | 17114776 |
| comparison of four commercially available assays for the detection of igm phase ii antibodies to coxiella burnetii in the diagnosis of acute q fever. | four commercially available serological assays for the detection of igm phase ii antibodies in patients with acute q fever infection were compared using a panel of 23 serum samples from patients with acute q fever and 88 control sera from blood donors. | 2006 | 17114777 |
| evaluation of a real-time pcr assay to detect coxiella burnetii. | we evaluated real-time pcr assays for the detection of c. burnetii which targets sequences that are present either in one (icd) or in several copies (transposase of is1111a) on the chromosome. the assays are highly sensitive, with reproducible detection limits of approximately 10 copies per reaction, at least 100 times more sensitive than capture elisa, when performed on infected placenta material and specific for c. burnetii. the numbers of is1111 elements in the genomes of 75 c. burnetii isola ... | 2006 | 17114778 |
| diagnosis of acute q fever by pcr on sera during a recent outbreak in rural south australia. | diagnosis of q fever has largely been dependent upon serology, which may lead to delayed diagnosis as seroconversion can take weeks to develop. during a recent q fever outbreak (27 patients) in rural south australia, we compared the diagnostic rate of serology with two separate real-time pcrs, the 27kda outer membrane protein and the insertion sequence. pcr was positive (on either or both pcr assays) in sera of 67% of the patients. median time required for making serological diagnosis was 17 day ... | 2006 | 17114779 |
| monitoring of humans and animals for the presence of various rickettsiae and coxiella burnetii by serological methods. | serological examination of humans in slovakia suspected of having rickettsial infections revealed the presence of antibodies to spotted fever group rickettsiae (r. conorii, r. slovaca, and r. typhi). of interest is the finding of serological positivity to the newly recognized "irs" agent. antibodies to these rickettsiae and to c. burnetii were demonstrated also in domestic and hunting dogs and pet animals. these results confirm the occurrence and possible circulation of these rickettsiae and c. ... | 2006 | 17114784 |
| corpuscular antigenic microarray for the serodiagnosis of blood culture-negative endocarditis. | blood culture-negative endocarditis is due to fastidious bacteria, including coxiella burnetii and bartonella spp. diagnosis of such infection relies on serology and microimmunofluorescence is therefore the reference method. we developed a multiplex serology test featuring automatic incubation and reading and incorporating internal controls. preliminary results indicate that this new serologic test is valuable for the rapid, automated serological diagnosis of blood culture-negative endocarditis. | 2006 | 17114786 |
| case-control study for risk factors for q fever in southwest england and northern ireland. | q fever (coxiella burnetti) is thought to account for 1% (700 cases) of community acquired pneumonia in the united kingdom each year, and can result in serious complications such as endocarditis. although outbreaks have frequently been reported worldwide, the causes are often not clearly identified and there have been few studies of risk factors in sporadic cases. we conducted a matched case-control study. cases of acute q fever in people aged over 15 years in southwest england and northern irel ... | 2006 | 17130654 |
| [bacterial zoonoses: emerging concepts]. | bacterial zoonoses are evolving with changes in society, climate and lifestyles. a hierarchy of non food-borne zoonoses was recently proposed in france, and includes characteristics such as severity criteria and bioterrorism potential. the creation of specific networks and reference centers has provided the means to monitor the emergence (or re-emergence) of zoonoses such as brucellosis and q fever. molecular tools have facilitated the detection of bacteria that are transmitted by arthropod vect ... | 2006 | 17140097 |
| q fever. | an outbreak of q fever occurred in scotland during this summer and was reported in news headlines. despite these newsworthy headlines, q fever remains poorly understood. the causative organism, coxiella burnetii, has a worldwide distribution, with the notable exception of new zealand. even with its ubiquitous nature, q fever is rarely reported. we explore some of the underlying reasons for this apparent under diagnosis together with some of the diagnostic challenges posed by this obligate intrac ... | 2007 | 17147957 |
| acute q fever with hemophagocytic syndrome: case report and literature review. | hemophagocytic syndrome is a rare complication of acute q fever. we reported the case of 26-year-old man with fever, chills, severe headache, non-productive cough and progressive thrombocytopenia. bone marrow aspirate revealed hemophagocytosis. we discussed the differences among the three previous reported cases and the possible mechanisms of hemophagocytic syndrome. | 2006 | 17148093 |
| [a case of miliary tuberculosis complicating acute q fever]. | a 73-year-old man was admitted with fever and abnormal liver function test. after admission, his fever persisted in spite of administrating a variety of antibiotics. he was diagnosed as acute q fever on the basis of a high titer of igm antibodies against phase ii coxiella burneti. his fever resolved after starting minocycline, but biliary enzymes continued to be elevated. transbronchial lung biopsy and percutaneous liver biopsy revealed caseating granulomas and mycobacterium tuberculosis was det ... | 2006 | 17148927 |
| analysis of the o-antigen biosynthesis regions of phase ii isolates of coxiella burnetii. | the o-antigen-encoding region in the genomes of 14 isolates of coxiella burnetii was examined by pcr. five phase i isolates (nine mile clone 7, kav, ohio, henzerling rsa 343, q173) were analyzed and no deletions were detected. two other isolates of unknown phase (scottish, wav) were examined, but no deletions were detected. in contrast, rsa 514 and three phase ii isolates (nine mile phase ii clone 4, nine mile phase ii clone 1, nine mile baca) contained large deletions, and the latter two were f ... | 2007 | 17156123 |
| vanin-1 controls granuloma formation and macrophage polarization in coxiella burnetii infection. | q fever is caused by coxiella burnetii, a bacterium that survives in mphi. vanin-1 is a membrane-anchored pantetheinase that controls tissue inflammation. consequently, vanin-1-deficient mice represent a unique mouse model in which stress-induced inflammation is limited by the reaction of resident tissue cells. to investigate the contribution of host tissues in the control of a bacterial infection, we infected vanin-1-deficient mice with c. burnetii. mortality and morbidity of mice were not affe ... | 2007 | 17163446 |
| role of sex, age, previous valve lesion, and pregnancy in the clinical expression and outcome of q fever after a large outbreak. | q fever is a zoonosis caused by coxiella burnetii. after a large outbreak occurred in the chamonix valley in the french alps in 2002, an extensive surveillance was conducted, to describe the variations in the clinical expression of acute q fever according to host factors, as well as to monitor the risk of evolution of acute q fever to chronic q fever in patients at risk. | 2007 | 17173223 |
| ticks (ixodidae) from passerine birds in the carpathian region. | birds have been found to be a reservoir host of borrelia. in order to assess the situation in slovakia ticks were collected from a total of 3057 mist-netted, ringed and released passerine birds in two locations at 500 m (in 2001) and 1000 m (in 2003) above sea level in the bukovské vrchy hills, part of the carpathian region in the north-east of slovakia. a total of 75 birds of 16 species were infested with subadult ticks of ixodes ricinus species (prevalence of parasitization 5%). sixty-two larv ... | 2006 | 17186172 |
| goats may experience reproductive failures and shed coxiella burnetii at two successive parturitions after a q fever infection. | q fever is a zoonosis caused by the obligate intracellular bacterium, coxiella burnetii. aborting domestic ruminants are the main source of human infection. in january 2003, an abortion episode occurred in a dairy caprine herd where 18/60 (30%) goats experienced reproductive problems: 4/60 (7%) aborted and 14/60 (23%) had stillbirths. serological screening for abortion-related infectious diseases suggested q fever. the diagnosis of c. burnetii infection was confirmed with pcr based on the occurr ... | 2007 | 17187835 |
| [q fever endocarditis: a case report]. | do we bring back the observation of a patient aged of 42 years having a mitro-aortic valvulopathy who present since 3 months a level iii dyspnea, a fever to 39 degrees c, a change of the general state and a splenomegaly. to the chest x-ray we note a pulmonary parenchymatous focus. echocardiography puts in evidence a mitral illness to stenosis predominance and an aortic illness complicated of a graft bacterial with an abscess of the mitro-aortic trigone. haemocultures were negative and the serolo ... | 2006 | 17193863 |
| coxiella burnetii and lobar pneumonia. | | 2006 | 17195439 |
| prevalence of coxiella burnetii dna in vaginal and uterine samples from healthy cats of north-central colorado. | q fever is a worldwide zoonotic disease caused by coxiella burnetii. although traditionally associated with livestock exposure, human infection has also been documented from contact with parturient cats. the goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of c burnetii dna in uterine and vaginal tissues from healthy client-owned and shelter cats of north-central colorado using polymerase chain reaction assay. coxiella burnetii was not amplified from vaginal samples of any cat or uterine biops ... | 2007 | 17208030 |
| psoas abscess: an unusual manifestation of q fever. | q fever may lead to serious complications in chronically infected patients. we report two cases of psoas abscess due to coxiella burnetii associated with lumbar osteomyelitis secondary to an aortic aneurysmal infection. diagnosis was based on serology, and pcr detected c. burnetii dna in an abscess sample. | 2007 | 17223046 |
| rickettsial pathogens in the tropical rat mite ornithonyssus bacoti (acari: macronyssidae) from egyptian rats (rattus spp.). | we collected and tested 616 tropical rat mites (ornithonyssus bacoti (hirst)) from rats (rattus norvegicus (berkenhout) and r. rattus (linnaeus)) throughout 14 governorates in egypt and tested dna extracts from pools of these mites for bartonella spp., coxiella burnetii, and rickettsia spp. by pcr amplification and sequencing. three different mite-associated bacterial agents, including one bartonella and two rickettsia spp., were detected in eight pools of mites. further research could demonstra ... | 2007 | 17225079 |
| computer-aided diagnosis with potential application to rapid detection of disease outbreaks. | our objectives are to quickly interpret symptoms of emergency patients to identify likely syndromes and to improve population-wide disease outbreak detection. we constructed a database of 248 syndromes, each syndrome having an estimated probability of producing any of 85 symptoms, with some two-way, three-way, and five-way probabilities reflecting correlations among symptoms. using these multi-way probabilities in conjunction with an iterative proportional fitting algorithm allows estimation of ... | 2007 | 17225213 |
| coxiella burnetii infection of an aortic graft with multiple vertebral body erosion. | q fever is caused by coxiella burnetii and often has an insidious clinical presentation. we describe a rare case of q fever infection of an aortic graft presenting with pyrexia and constant severe midlumbar pain due to erosion of multiple vertebral bodies. after successful treatment with graft resection and extra-anatomic vascular reconstruction, the patient continues on lifelong antibiotic therapy. we also present regional q fever epidemiologic data together with a review of all previously docu ... | 2007 | 17264024 |
| case records of the massachusetts general hospital. case 5-2007. a 53-year-old man with a prosthetic aortic valve and recent onset of fatigue, dyspnea, weight loss, and sweats. | | 2007 | 17301303 |
| the response regulator pmra is a major regulator of the icm/dot type iv secretion system in legionella pneumophila and coxiella burnetii. | legionella pneumophila and coxiella burnetii have been shown to utilize the icm/dot type iv secretion system for pathogenesis and recently a large number of icm/dot-translocated substrates were identified in l. pneumophila. bioinformatic analysis has revealed that 13 of the genes encoding for l. pneumophila-translocated substrates and five of the c. burnetii icm/dot genes, contain a conserved regulatory element that resembles the target sequence of the pmra response regulator. experimental analy ... | 2007 | 17302824 |
| ambient generation of fatty acid methyl ester ions from bacterial whole cells by direct analysis in real time (dart) mass spectrometry. | direct analysis in real time (dart) is implemented on a time-of-flight (tof) mass spectrometer, and used for the generation of fatty acid methyl esters (fames) ions from whole bacterial cells. | 2007 | 17308638 |
| [fever of intermediate duration after return from the canary islands]. | a 35 year old patient presented to the emergency room with high fever, headache and a maculopapular rash after returning from the canary islands. elevated levels of ldh and transaminases and thrombopenia developed during the further hospital course. this presentation is common for an infection with rickettsia typhi. therapy with doxycycline is usually effective and should be instituted promptly. the patient's fever remitted 48 h after the first dose. fever of intermediate duration has been descr ... | 2007 | 17308911 |
| q fever: the long journey to control by vaccination. | | 2007 | 17309414 |
| [q fever: still many unanswered questions]. | | 2007 | 17335693 |
| [outbreak of coxiella burnetii pneumonia]. | the aim of this study was to describe an outbreak of q fever pneumonia in the north of spain. | 2007 | 17335697 |
| q fever in logroño: an attack scenario. | bioterrorism has emerged as an important infectious disease and public health challenge in the 21st century, and issues of preparedness and response are now prominent. the development of attack scenarios for assessing this problem contributes to the organization of response systems and identifies aspects that may need to be improved. the authors present an attack scenario involving q fever in a specific area, the city of logroño, spain. the evolution of the outbreak is described and the attempts ... | 2007 | 17335700 |
| coxiella burnetii stimulates production of rantes and mcp-1 by mononuclear cells: modulation by adhesion to endothelial cells and its implication in q fever. | q fever is an infectious disease caused by coxiella burnetii, which may become chronic when cytokine network and cell-mediated immune responses are altered. chemokines, such as regulated upon activation, normal t cell expressed and secreted (rantes, ccl5) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (mcp-1, ccl2), are specialized in the trafficing of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc), and are associated with t cell polarization that is essential for intracellular survival of c. burnetii. the p ... | 2006 | 17353158 |
| observed prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in domestic animals in sicily, italy during 2003-2005. | the objective of this study was to characterize the observed prevalence of tick-borne pathogens (tbp) in domestic animals in sicily, italy during 2003-2005. serological (competitive elisa and indirect immunofluorescence antibody, n = 3299) and dna tests (polymerase chain reaction and reverse line blot, n = 2565) were conducted on horse, donkey, cattle, sheep, goat, pig and dog samples. pathogens analysed included anaplasma, ehrlichia, rickettsia, babesia and theileria species, and coxiella burne ... | 2007 | 17359441 |
| report of a serological study of coxiella burnetii in domestic animals in albania. | the prevalence of coxiella burnetii antibodies in domestic ruminants in albania has been investigated. a total of 1656 serum samples taken from sheep, goats, and cattle housed on farms located in 20 different districts were tested by elisa for the presence of specific antibodies to c. burnetii phase i and ii antigens. specific igg antibodies were detected in 9.1% of the animals from both lowland and mountainous areas. in total, a slightly higher percentage of antibodies was detected in sheep and ... | 2008 | 17379551 |
| lounging in a lysosome: the intracellular lifestyle of coxiella burnetii. | most intracellular parasites employ sophisticated mechanisms to direct biogenesis of a vacuolar replicative niche that circumvents default maturation through the endolysosomal cascade. however, this is not the case of the q fever bacterium, coxiella burnetii. this hardy, obligate intracellular pathogen has evolved to not only survive, but to thrive, in the harshest of intracellular compartments: the phagolysosome. following internalization, the nascent coxiella phagosome ultimately develops into ... | 2007 | 17381428 |
| [q fever in extremadura: an emerging infection]. | q fever (coxiella burnetii infection) is an underdiagnosed zoonosis in our area, extremadura, a rural region in the southwest of spain. the characteristics of q fever and the changes in this infection seen over the last decade in our hospital are described. | 2007 | 17386216 |
| strain and phase identification of the u.s. category b agent coxiella burnetii by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and multivariate pattern recognition. | accurate bacterial identification is important in diagnosing disease and in microbial forensics. coxiella burnetii, a highly infective microorganism causative of the human disease q fever, is now considered a u.s. category b potential bioterrorism agent. we report here an approach for the confirmatory identification of c. burnetii at the strain level which involves the combined use of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) and supervised patte ... | 2007 | 17386522 |
| effects of x-irradiation on the immune response of guinea pigs to q fever vaccine. | the immune response of guinea pigs to q fever vaccine following 75 to 250 r (60 to 180 rads) of acute whole-body irradiations was investigated. complement-fixing (cf) antibody titers and protection against febrile response to challenge with virulent coxiella burnetii were studied. exposures ranging from 75 to 250 r, 24 hours prior to inoculation, did not detectably alter the cf antibody response. similar results were observed with 175 r delivered 48 or 72 hours before immunization. protection ag ... | 1968 | 17387930 |
| q fever osteoarticular infection: four new cases and a review of the literature. | q fever is a worldwide-occurring zoonosis caused by coxiella burnetii. better knowledge of the disease and of evolving diagnostics can enable recognition of unusual manifestations. reported here are four cases of q fever osteoarticular infections in adults: two cases of q fever tenosynovitis, which represent the first two reports of this infection, and two cases of q fever spondylodiscitis complicated by paravertebral abscess. in addition, the literature is reviewed on the 15 previously reported ... | 2007 | 17401591 |
| controlled trial of a 5-day course of telithromycin versus doxycycline for treatment of mild to moderate scrub typhus. | new antibiotics are required to have the antibacterial activity against doxycycline-resistant orientia tsutsugamushi. an in vitro sensitivity study showed that telithromycin was more effective than erythromycin for rickettsia, bartonella, and coxiella burnetii. in this prospective, open-label, randomized trial, we enrolled patients with mild-to-moderate scrub typhus. we compared the efficacy and safety of a 5-day telithromycin therapy with those of a 5-day doxycycline therapy at chosun universit ... | 2007 | 17404000 |
| a preliminary survey on the incidence of q fever antibodies in the sera of manitoba cattle. | | 1962 | 17421533 |
| placentitis and abortion in goats and sheep in ontario caused by coxiella burnetii. | | 1983 | 17422227 |
| prevalence of antibodies to coxiella burnetii among veterinarians and slaughterhouse workers in nova scotia. | the complement fixation and the microimmunofluorescence tests were used to determine the prevalence of antibodies to coxiella burnetii, the etiological agent of q fever, among veterinarians and slaughterhouse workers in nova scotia. seventeen percent of the 65 veterinarians and 12.5% of the 96 slaughterhouse workers tested had complement fixing antibodies to phase ii c. burnetii antigen. forty-nine percent of the veterinarians and 35% of the slaughterhouse workers had an antibody titer of >/= 1: ... | 1985 | 17422540 |
| q fever - human disease in ontario. | | 1987 | 17422775 |
| serological evidence of coxiella burnetii infection in horses in atlantic canada. | | 1987 | 17422823 |
| q fever - a review. | q or "query" fever is a zoonosis caused by the organism coxiella burnetii. cattle, sheep and goats are the most common reservoirs of this organism. the placenta of infected animals contains high numbers (up to 10(9)/g) of c. burnetii. aerosols occur at the time of parturition and man becomes infected following inhalation of the microorganism. the spectrum of illness in man is wide and consists of acute and chronic forms. acute q fever is most often a self-limited flu-like illness but may include ... | 1990 | 17423643 |
| saskatchewan. abortion due to coxiella burnetii (q fever) in a goat. | | 1991 | 17423774 |
| ontario. q fever abortions in a goat herd. | | 1993 | 17424206 |
| detection of specific spectral markers of coxiella burnetii isolates by maldi-tof mass spectrometry. | specific markers for coxiella burnetii (c.b.) isolates rsa 493, priscilla, and bud were detected using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (maldi-tof) mass spectrometry (ms). the method revealed noticeable differences in the ion signal profiles of the isolates in the mass range of 318 kda. the number of characteristic ions for rsa 493, bud, and priscilla was 24, 15, and 7, respectively. the specific markers were compared against c.b. database using the tag-ident proteomics ... | 2007 | 17432945 |
| screening of various foodstuffs for occurrence of coxiella burnetii in switzerland. | the epidemiology of q-fever in switzerland is largely unknown. for this reason, a screening programme for the presence of coxiella burnetii in bulk milk samples from cows, sheep and goats and in shell eggs produced in and imported into switzerland was conducted. in total, 17 of 359 (4.7%) of analysed bovine milk samples from two randomly selected cheese dairies were tested positive for c. burnetii by nested pcr. furthermore, the findings with samples from one dairy showed that the agent seemed t ... | 2007 | 17434220 |
| t cells are essential for bacterial clearance, and gamma interferon, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and b cells are crucial for disease development in coxiella burnetii infection in mice. | coxiella burnetii, the etiological agent of q fever, has two phase variants. phase i has a complete lipopolysaccharide (lps), is highly virulent, and causes q fever in humans and pathology in experimental animals. phase ii lacks an lps o side chain, is avirulent, and does not grow well in immunocompetent animals. to understand the pathogenicity of q fever, we investigated the roles of immune components in animals infected with nine mile phase i (nm i) or nine mile phase ii (nm ii) bacteria. immu ... | 2007 | 17438029 |
| from acute q fever to endocarditis: serological follow-up strategy. | the serological evolution from acute q fever to endocarditis is reported for 22 patients, with a median lag time of 3 months. from this data, we propose a follow-up strategy of serological testing at the third and sixth months after acute q fever to obtain an early diagnosis of chronic infection. | 2007 | 17443471 |
| trypanosoma cruzi cell invasion and traffic: influence of coxiella burnetii and ph in a comparative study between distinct infective forms. | previous studies have shown that coxiella burnetii, an intracellular bacterium that resides within acidified vacuoles with secondary lysosomal characteristics, is an effective modulator of the intracellular traffic of trypomastigote forms of trypanosoma cruzi. in addition, vacuolar and cellular ph are related to fusion events that result in doubly infected phagosomes. t. cruzi, the etiological agent of chagas' disease, occurs as different strains grouped in two major phylogenetic lineages: t. cr ... | 2007 | 17448629 |
| clinical manifestations of q fever in adults and children. | q fever is a common zoonosis with almost a worldwide distribution caused by coxiella burnetii. farm animals and pets are the main reservoirs of infection and transmission to humans is usually via inhalation of contaminated aerosols, which may be carried by the wind far from the original source of infection. occupational groups with close association with farm or wild animals are most at risk, however travellers occasionally become infected. the disease is associated with a wide spectrum of clini ... | 2007 | 17448942 |
| q fever in an american tourist returned from australia. | q fever was diagnosed in a previously healthy man who had recently traveled to the east coast of australia. the patient experienced fever and headache accompanied by lymphopenia and elevated liver enzymes but not pneumonia. he had no known direct exposures to animals, exhibited igm and igg seroconversion to phase ii antigen of coxiella burnetii and igm only to phase i antigen, and responded to doxycycline treatment. this case serves as a reminder to clinicians to consider q fever in the differen ... | 2007 | 17448948 |
| late relapse of q fever endocarditis. | | 2007 | 17453129 |
| detection of pathogens in ovine and caprine abortion samples from sardinia, italy, by pcr. | during 2003-2005, 399 abortion samples (315 fetuses and 84 placentae) were collected from 107 ovine and caprine farms in northern sardinia. tissues from aborted fetuses and placentae were examined by pcr assay to detect dna from coxiella burnetii, chlamydophila abortus, salmonella enterica serovar abortusovis, toxoplasma gondii, and neospora caninum. the dna from at least 1 of these 5 infectious agents was amplified in 41% of ovine fetuses, while only 17% of the caprine fetuses yielded a positiv ... | 2007 | 17459840 |
| unusual causes of intrahepatic cholestatic liver disease. | we report five cases with unusual causes of intrahepatic cholestasis, including consumption of teucrium polium (family lamiaceae) in the form of tea, stauffer's syndrome, treatment with tamoxifen citrate for breast cancer, infection with coxiella burnetii (acute q fever), and infection with brucella melitensis (acute brucellosis). | 2007 | 17465487 |
| efficient method of cloning the obligate intracellular bacterium coxiella burnetii. | coxiella burnetii is an obligate intracellular bacterium that replicates in a large lysosome-like parasitophorous vacuole (pv). current methods of cloning c. burnetii are laborious and technically demanding. we have developed an alternative cloning method that involves excision of individual c. burnetii-laden pvs from infected cell monolayers by micromanipulation. to demonstrate the cloning utility and efficiency of this procedure, we coinfected vero cells with isogenic variants of the nine mile ... | 2007 | 17468273 |
| doughnut ring--shaped epithelioid granulomas in the bone marrow of a patient with q fever. | | 2007 | 17478774 |
| [q fever]. | | 2007 | 17491389 |
| application of fluorescent in situ hybridisation for demonstration of coxiella burnetii in placentas from ruminant abortions. | a fluorescent in situ hybridisation (fish) assay targeting 16s ribosomal rna was developed for detection of the zoonotic bacterium coxiella burnetii in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue, and applied on placentas from ruminant abortions. the applicability of the fish assay was compared to immunohistochemistry (ihc) using human positive control serum in 12 cases of c. burnetii-associated placentitis as well as 7 negative control tissue samples. in all 12 cases the bacterium was detected wit ... | 2007 | 17504302 |
| fibrin ring granuloma in chronic hepatitis c: virus-related vasculitis and/or immune complex disease? | fibrin ring granulomas are rare lesions whose pathophysiology has remained somewhat elusive. it has been suggested that these peculiar lesions are related to focal vasculitis with endothelial injury and deposition of immune complexes. fibrin ring granulomas have been described in q fever; in viral infections such as cytomegalovirus, epstein-barr virus, and hepatitis a virus; and in other conditions. we submit the first reported case of fibrin ring granuloma in a patient with chronic hepatitis c ... | 2007 | 17520520 |
| comparative diagnostic potential of three serological tests for abortive q fever in goat herds. | performances of an elisa, an immunofluorescence assay (ifa) and a complement fixation test (cft) were assessed for detecting antibodies against coxiella burnetii after q fever abortions in naturally infected goats. the goal of the study was to provide information useful for veterinary serodiagnosis in regard to categories of goats either experiencing q fever abortion or not, blood sampling times and recommended cut-offs. the study was conducted on eight goat herds with evidence of c. burnetii ab ... | 2007 | 17532581 |
| assessing the within-herd prevalence of coxiella burnetii milk-shedder cows using a real-time pcr applied to bulk tank milk. | thirty-seven bulk tank milk (btm) and individual milk samples of all contributing cows were tested for coxiella burnetii detection by a real-time pcr assay and used to assess the relationship between the btm pcr-response and (i) the within-herd prevalence of milk-shedder cows and (ii) the proportion of heavy milk-shedder cows. the within-herd prevalence of milk-shedder cows (i) was found to be significantly higher in herds with a positive btm and (ii) increased significantly with the estimated t ... | 2007 | 17542961 |
| increased levels of circulating il-16 and apoptosis markers are related to the activity of whipple's disease. | whipple's disease (wd) is an infectious disease caused by tropheryma whipplei, which replicates in macrophages and induces the release of interleukin (il)-16, a substrate of caspase 3, and macrophage apoptosis. the disease is characterized by intestinal, cardiac or neurological manifestations; its diagnosis is based on invasive analysis requiring tissue biopsies or cerebrospinal fluid puncture. the disease progression is slow and often complicated by relapses despite empirical antibiotic treatme ... | 2007 | 17551575 |
| community-acquired pneumonia: aetiologic changes in a limited geographic area. an 11-year prospective study. | the aim of this study is to describe the changes in the aetiology of hospitalised patients with community-acquired pneumonia (cap) during an 11-year observational period in a limited geographic area. eight hundred and one (801) adult patients with cap hospitalised were included. the patients were divided into three groups according to the time of presentation. comprehensive microbiological laboratory tests were performed and differences in aetiology were analysed. in 228 patients (31%), a pathog ... | 2007 | 17554569 |
| coxiella burnetii infection in c57bl/6 mice aged 1 or 14 months. | the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of age on infection with coxiella burnetii, the agent of q fever. bacterial burden and granuloma number were increased in the spleens of 14-month-old as compared with 1-month-old mice. this increase was not the result of an anti-inflammatory macrophage response, because inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines were induced in macrophages from young mice but were repressed in mature mice. in addition, macrophage microbicidal competenc ... | 2007 | 17555529 |
| q fever (coxiella burnetii) among man and farm animals in north sinai, egypt. | antibodies against coxiella burnetii were estimated among sheep, goats and camels (190), their owners (150 patients with pyrexia of unknown origin) and 30 normal individuals in north sinai over the 2006 by indirect immounofluorescence assay. nested polymerase chain reaction was used to detect com-1 gene (genetic target of c. burnetii) encoding a 27-kda outer membrane protein in the samples. c. burnetii ifa antibodies (igm & igg) in patients were 8 (5.3%) and a healthy control (3.3%). the overall ... | 2007 | 17580573 |
| pathogenic rickettsiae as bioterrorism agents. | because of their unique biological characteristics, such as environmental stability, small size, aerosol transmission, persistence in infected hosts, low infectious dose, and high associated morbidity and mortality, rickettsia prowazekii and coxiella burnetii have been weaponized. these biological attributes would make the pathogenic rickettsiae desirable bioterrorism agents. however, production of highly purified, virulent, weapon-quality rickettsiae is a daunting task that requires expertise a ... | 2007 | 17582570 |
| [seroepidemiology of coxiella burnetii infection among blood donors in albacete]. | the objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of antibodies to coxiella burnetii among blood donors and to examine the epidemiological characteristics of c. burnetii infection in albacete, spain. | 2007 | 17583651 |