| haemodynamic responses to acute blood loss: new roles for the heart, brain and endogenous opioids. | information has come forward recently from several sources which provides new insights into the mechanisms that underlie the haemodynamic responses to acute blood loss. in unanaesthetised animals and human volunteers there are two distinct phases to these responses. at first, the engagement of baroreflexes results in a progressive rise in sympathetic vasoconstrictor drive and peripheral resistance, and the maintenance of arterial blood pressure at a near-normal level. when about one-third of blo ... | 1989 | 2570536 |
| influence of egg production on zinc, copper and iron metabolism in the turkey hen (meleagris gallopavo). | 1. serum concentrations of zinc, copper, iron, calcium and protein increased significantly with the onset of egg production in turkey hens. 2. hepatic concentrations of zinc, copper and iron declined significantly with the onset of egg production, whereas the total hepatic content of zinc and copper increased significantly. 3. when plasma from laying and nonlaying hens was subjected to gel-permeation column chromatography, a high molecular weight protein fraction was detected in laying but not i ... | 1989 | 2570667 |
| effects of sch23390 injection into the dorsal striatum and nucleus accumbens on methamphetamine-induced gnawing and hyperlocomotion in rats. | the effects of sch23390, a selective d1 receptor antagonist, injected into either the dorsal striatum or nucleus accumbens on methamphetamine-induced stereotyped gnawing and hyperlocomotion in rats were investigated. sch23390 injected into the dorsal striatum did not alter the gnawing induced by both methamphetamine and apomorphine. however, sch23390 injected into the nucleus accumbens significantly reduced methamphetamine-induced gnawing without altering the effects of apomorphine. injection of ... | 1989 | 2570826 |
| hydrogen peroxide mutagenicity towards salmonella typhimurium. | in bioassays conducted under controlled, comparable conditions, weak direct mutagenicity responses were observed for hydrogen peroxide in the standard (ames test) agar plate incorporation bioassay with salmonella typhimurium strains ta97, ta98, ta102, and ta1537, in a 20 min preincubation test with strains ta97, ta98, ta100, ta102, ta1537, and ta1538, and in a liquid incubation modification using strain ta1537. these results conclusively demonstrate that hydrogen peroxide is a weak mutagen, espe ... | 1989 | 2572065 |
| dopamine- and camp-regulated phosphoprotein (darpp-32) and dopamine da1 agonist-sensitive na+,k+-atpase in renal tubule cells. | the cellular localization of darpp-32, a dopamine- and camp-regulated phosphoprotein of mr 32,000 that appears to mediate certain actions of dopamine in the mammalian brain by acting as an inhibitor of protein phosphatase 1, was studied in the kidney of several species. darpp-32 mrna and darpp-32-like immunoreactivity were found in the cytoplasm of cells in the thick ascending limb of the loop of henle. the specific dopamine da1 agonist skf 82526 caused a dose-dependent inhibition of na+,k+-atpa ... | 1989 | 2573060 |
| modulation of transmitter and hormone release by multiple neuronal opioid receptors. | | 1989 | 2573137 |
| significance of toxin-coregulated pili as protective antigens of vibrio cholerae in the infant mouse model. | the infant mouse cholera model has been used to evaluate the relative importance of toxin-coregulated pili (tcp) as protective antigens of vibrio cholerae 01. electron microscopic and immunoblotting analyses revealed that, under the cultural conditions examined, tcp were only expressed by strains of classical biotype. antibodies to tcp were sufficient to confer protection against two such strains, and were more efficient if the challenge vibrios were cultured for tcp expression. in contrast, suc ... | 1989 | 2573216 |
| glutamine synthetase and glutaminase activities in various hepatoma cells. | glutamine synthetase and glutaminase activities in a series of hepatoma cells of human and rat origins were determined for comparison with normal liver tissues. marked decrease in glutamine synthetase activity was observed in the tumor cells. phosphate-dependent and phosphate-independent glutaminase activities were increased compared with those from normal liver tissues. well coupled mitochondria were isolated from huh 13 line of human hepatoma cells and human liver. oxypolarographic tests showe ... | 1989 | 2573354 |
| central and peripheral actions of alpha 2-adrenergic agonists on renal function in long-evans and brattleboro rats. | the effects of 3 alpha 2-adrenergic receptor agonists on renal function in vasopressin (avp)-deficient brattleboro (di) rats were evaluated. the aim of this study was to determine the relative contribution of central versus peripheral alpha 2-adrenoceptors in mediating diuresis and natriuresis, as well as the role of alpha 2-adrenoceptors in antagonizing the actions of avp. in addition to the studies of renal function, the effects of avp deficiency on renal alpha 2-adrenoceptor affinity and numb ... | 1989 | 2575260 |
| nucleotide sequence of the structural gene, tcpa, for a major pilin subunit of vibrio cholerae. | the toxin co-regulated pilus (tcp) of vibrio cholerae appears to be a major protective antigen. by cosmid cloning we have isolated a number of clones capable of converting tcp- el tor strains of v. cholerae to tcp+. a synthetic oligodeoxyribonucleotide probe based upon the n-terminal amino acid sequence of tcpa, has been used to localize the structural gene within the cosmid clones. using suitable subclones, the nucleotide sequence of the tcpa gene has been determined. the gene encodes a 23.3-kd ... | 1989 | 2576015 |
| the toxin-coregulated pilus (tcp) of vibrio cholerae: molecular cloning of genes involved in pilus biosynthesis and evaluation of tcp as a protective antigen in the infant mouse model. | a serum containing antibodies to non-lipopolysaccharide (non-lps) protective antigens of vibrio cholerae has been used, after extensive absorption, to facilitate the cloning of genes involved in the synthesis of toxin-coregulated pili (tcp). a gene bank was constructed from v. cholerae z17561 dna using a mobilizable cosmid vector in escherichia coli, and subsequently transferred by conjugation into v. cholerae o17. this strain does not produce tcp in vitro and lacks non-lps protective antigens. ... | 1989 | 2576091 |
| blood pressure rather than humoral factors regulate arterial wall trophicity in rats with an aortocaval fistula. | | 1989 | 2576662 |
| effect of urapidil on the performance of ischaemic myocardium in anaesthetized dogs. | the effect of urapidil on the ischaemic myocardium was studied in eight anaesthetized dogs. stenosis of the left descending coronary artery reduced blood flow and systolic contraction of the post-stenotic myocardium by about 50%; the end-diastolic length of the post-stenotic myocardium and the end-diastolic pressure increased, while aortic pressure slightly decreased. subsequent administration of urapidil (0.25 + 0.25 + 0.5 + 1.0 mg/kg intravenously) did not affect the systolic shortening and en ... | 1989 | 2576670 |
| [determination of antibodies to streptococcus group a polysaccharide in human sera by an immunoenzyme method]. | use was made of the elisa to develop a highly sensitive quantitative method for detection of antibodies against streptococcus group a polysaccharide (polysaccharide a) in human sera. the main advantage is that one can use only one optimal dilution of the sera together with the reference serum. sera of 53 healthy volunteers and 77 patients with a history of streptococcus group a infections were screened for the presence of polysaccharide a antibodies. highly reproducible results were obtained in ... | 1985 | 2578835 |
| rationale behind the development of low molecular weight heparin derivatives. | there is now considerable evidence that the antithrombotic and the hemorrhagic effects of heparin can be dissociated by using low molecular weight heparins and by using heparin with low affinity to at iii. the findings with low-affinity heparin suggest that hemorrhage is contributed to by heparin properties that are independent of at iii binding and thus of their major anticoagulant effect. the current evidence supports the suggestion that the hemorrhagic effect of heparin is contributed to by a ... | 1985 | 2579436 |
| cloning and characterization of the hemolysin determinants from vibrio cholerae rv79(hly+), rv79(hly-), and 569b. | the hly region from the chromosome of vibrio cholerae el tor strain rv79(hly-) and the nonhemolytic classical strain 569b were cloned into plasmid vector pbr322. escherichia coli k-12 transformants possessing these recombinant plasmids were nonhemolytic and were detected with a 32p-labeled hly-specific dna probe. restriction endonuclease sau3ai digestions of the cloned hly loci of two independently obtained rv79(hly+) convertants, when compared with the digests of cloned rv79(hly-) loci, reveale ... | 1985 | 2579940 |
| intestinal infection with mycobacterium avium in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids). histological and clinical comparison with whipple's disease. | at endoscopy, a 30-year-old man with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids), kaposi's sarcoma, diarrhea, and unexplained malabsorption showed erythematous macular duodenal lesions consistent with whipple's disease by histology and electron microscopy. symptoms did not respond to tetracycline. subsequent cultures revealed systemic mycobacterium avium (m. avium) infection. tissue from this patient, from patients with whipple's disease and from a macaque with m. avium were compared. all contain ... | 1985 | 2580679 |
| leukocyte tubuloreticular inclusions in reye's syndrome. | tubuloreticular inclusions (tri) have been observed in the rough endoplasmic reticulum of blood lymphocytes and monocytes in two cases of reye's syndrome initiated by influenza infections. tubuloreticular inclusions are seen in these mononuclear leukocytes during the acute phase of illness, but not during convalescence. since tri have been demonstrated in peripheral mononuclear leukocytes in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, and certain viral infecti ... | 1985 | 2581524 |
| nerve growth factor counteracts the neurophysiological and neurochemical effects of chronic sciatic nerve section. | the sciatic nerve was sectioned unilaterally in rats and nerve growth factor (ngf) applied locally to the nerve stump for the following 10-14 days using an indwelling osmotic pump. the aim of the experiment was to test whether ngf had any effect on the previously reported neurophysiological and neurochemical events that occur central to a peripheral nerve lesion. the method of application allowed the sciatic nerve on the other side to be used as a control. primary afferent depolarization fell, a ... | 1985 | 2581648 |
| transport of hydrophobic ions in erythrocyte membrane: i. zero membrane potential properties. | the permeability and partition coefficients of tetraphenylarsonium (tpa) and several other organic cations were studied in the human erythrocyte using an ion-selective electrode. the permeability constant for the different cations could be explained quite well by differences in oil/water partition coefficients. no evidence for facilitated transport could be found. binding of the organic ions occurred to both the cell membrane and to intracellular contents. partitioning to the membrane remained r ... | 1985 | 2582132 |
| brainstem serotonergic hyperinnervation modifies behavioral supersensitivity to 5-hydroxytryptophan in the rat. | rat pups were injected intracisternally (i.c.) or intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (5,7-dht) or saline and challenged 2 and 14 weeks later with the 5-ht precursor 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-htp), which evokes behavioral supersensitivity in adult rats, 5,7-dht induced transient postinjection convulsions in rats injected i.c. but not i.p. rats with either type of 5,7-dht lesions displayed supersensitive behavioral responses to 5-htp. however, rats lesioned by i.p. injections exhib ... | 1989 | 2582610 |
| two isotocin genes are present in the white sucker catostomus commersoni both lacking introns in their protein coding regions. | two genes each encoding a distinct precursor protein to the hormone isotocin and a neurophysin-related protein are present in the teleost fish catostomus commersoni. these precursors are referred to as isotocin 1 and 2. as shown by the polymerase chain reaction technique, both genes lack introns in their protein-coding sequences. both genes are transcribed giving rise to mrnas of 920 (isotocin 1) and 1020 (isotocin 2) bases, respectively. based on the nucleotide sequences, the predicted isotocin ... | 1989 | 2583084 |
| [cytogenetic mapping of cattle (bos taurus l.). quantitative analysis of the rba-map of prometaphase chromosomes]. | using the decondensing effect of ethidium bromide and replicative (rba) staining a high resolution map of cattle chromosomes was produced. the extent and distribution pattern of r(g) blocks were estimated quantitatively. the data thus obtained are correlated with the results of cytogenetic mapping in other mammalian species and in man. | 1989 | 2583486 |
| [phylogenetic analysis of genes of the influenza virus. relationship between adaptability and neutrality]. | detailed phylogenetic analysis of the gene family of hemagglutinin h3 of influenza a-type virus was fulfilled, taking into account the domain structure of protein and positions of antigen determinants. the densities of distribution of fixed synonimic replacements between domains ha1 and ha2 were shown to be actually equal (rho (ha1) = rho (ha2], and those of nonsynonimic ones to be unequal: their ratios were rho (ha1): rho (ha2) = 2.8 for nonepidemic branches, and rho (ha1): rho (ha2) = 7.7 for ... | 1989 | 2583491 |
| ultrastructure of the tail of echinostoma revolutum cercaria. | the ultrastructure of the tail fins and muscles of echinostoma revolutum cercaria is described. the longitudinal muscles consist of a primitive type of transversely striated muscle fibres with a well-developed sarcoplasmic reticulum in the z-band. the fins are formed by a longitudinal tegument fold containing the same components as the remaining part of the tail tegument. the difference between the body and tail tegument is discussed. | 1989 | 2583613 |
| purification of the isolated beta-chain of adult human haemoglobin from its post-translational modification. | | 1989 | 2584327 |
| effect of enzyme digestion on anionic sites and charge-selective permeability of dermo-epidermal junction. | to study components of anionic sites on the lamina densa of the dermo-epidermal junction (dej) and to assess the effect of removal of sialic acid or glycosaminoglycans on its charge-selective permeability, epidermal sheets, whose dermis had been removed by treatment with dithiothreitol, were digested with heparitinase, chondroitinase abc, hyaluronidase, or neuraminidase. they were then stained with polyethyleneimine for demonstration of the anionic sites or incubated in a medium containing nativ ... | 1989 | 2584748 |
| vibrio cholerae wound infection acquired in colorado. | | 1989 | 2584756 |
| [the electrolyte balance of the blood in dogs exposed to multiple +gz overloads]. | experiments of the series were carried out using 7 noninbred dogs. in the first series, the animals were exposed to + gz acceleration of increasing value once or twice a week during 5 months. each exposure continued until distinct cardiac arrhythmias were seen in ecg. two weeks after the onset of exposure the dogs displayed hyponatremia and higher k-na coefficient and two months later they showed hyperkalemia and hypermagnesemia which led to a 1.5 g increase of acceleration tolerance. in the sec ... | 1989 | 2586060 |
| [experimental analysis of intracerebral natural resistance against h-2+ and h-2- lymphomas grafted into the brain]. | the authors have investigated intracerebral natural resistance mechanism after tumor transplantation into the brain, by using yac-1 (moloney leukemia virus-induced t cell lymphoma of a/sn mouse origin) and its h-2 negative a. h-2-. it was found that highly immunogenic h-2+ yac-1 was less tumorigenic than a. h-2- in untreated as well as nk-depleted syngeneic mice. the variant cells were not rejected even if inoculated together with yac-1 cells into the brain. furthermore, in t cell-depleted, thym ... | 1989 | 2586713 |
| pathological analyses on the compressed cord by the experimental spinal metastasis. | the purpose of the present experimental spinal metastasis developed in rats by inoculation of walker's cancer cells through the spinous process is to find the factor which causes the initial damage of the cord in this disorder. in the early stage of paralysis, microangiogram exhibited that the degenerated posterior funiculus originated from the small hemorrhagic area in the posterior column of the involved cord. scanning electron microscopic findings showed that the hemorrhage was of the intrins ... | 1989 | 2586714 |
| the influence on the secretory iga antibody levels in lactating women of oral typhoid and parenteral cholera vaccines given alone or in combination. | 41 lactating pakistani women were vaccinated orally with salmonella typhi vaccine alone or in combination with parenteral vibrio cholerae whole cell vaccine, in order to study the possible difference in the secretory response after live and inactivated vaccines. the antibody response in saliva, milk and serum was recorded using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, elisa. all had prevaccination antibody levels against the 2 vaccines. the live s. typhi vaccine gave a serum igg and iga response b ... | 1989 | 2587944 |
| [preparation of catalytic subunits of camp-dependent protein kinase from cattle myocardium]. | a method is suggested for obtaining a catalytic subunit of camp-dependent protein kinase from the cattle myocardium. the specific activity of protein kinase is 0.5 mumol 32p per 1 mg of the enzyme. the method is based on the difference of protein kinase in the subunit and choloenzyme charges, it embraces the stages of homogenization, ultracentrifugation and biospecific elution on anion exchanger of deae-sepharose-cl-6b using 10(-4) m camp in the stationary variant. | 1989 | 2588346 |
| [lessons of cholera pandemic vii]. | basic epidemiological regularities of el-tor cholera during pandemic vii are described with differentiation of the four periods of its global spread and evaluation of the efficacy of therapeutic and preventive measures. the findings of studies into the ecology of the causative organism in the surface water basins testify to the possibility of its long-lasting existence in the saprophytic phase, which requires differentiation of the anti-cholera actions. the necessity of improvement of the global ... | 1989 | 2588780 |
| toxic effects of pirimiphos-methyl residues on rats. | this study analyzes the level of total and bound pirimiphos-methyl residues in treated wheat grain and its toxic effects on rats. wheat grain was treated with [14c]pirimiphos-methyl of 16.36 mci/mmol specific activity to determine the bioavailability of bound residues in rats. at the same time, grain was treated with nonlabeled pirimiphos-methyl as required to determine any possible toxic effects of bound residues in a subacute feeding study in rats. two dose levels were used: 10 and 100 ppm (th ... | 1989 | 2590497 |
| toxic effects of pirimiphos-methyl residues on rats. | this study analyzes the level of total and bound pirimiphos-methyl residues in treated wheat grain and its toxic effects on rats. wheat grain was treated with [14c]pirimiphos-methyl of 16.36 mci/mmol specific activity to determine the bioavailability of bound residues in rats. at the same time, grain was treated with nonlabeled pirimiphos-methyl as required to determine any possible toxic effects of bound residues in a subacute feeding study in rats. two dose levels were used: 10 and 100 ppm (th ... | 1989 | 2590497 |
| unusual non-serogroup o1 vibrio cholerae bacteremia associated with liver disease. | a 50-year-old woman and a 31-year-old man with underlying liver disease presented with fever and signs of liver failure. the blood cultures in both cases yielded non-serogroup o1 vibrio cholerae strains which were biochemically identical except that one strain was nonmotile. despite treatment with antibiotics, the older patient died; the other patient survived. both strains were found to be susceptible to most antibiotics tested in vitro. no apparent source of infection could be identified in ei ... | 1989 | 2592546 |
| bacteremic cellulitis caused by non-serogroup o1 vibrio cholerae acquired in a freshwater inland lake. | the number of reported cases of infections with non-serogroup o1 vibrio cholerae in the united states has increased recently. these cases have almost invariably been associated with travel, seawater exposure, or the ingestion of shellfish. we report a case of bacteremic cellulitis caused by non-o1 v. cholerae that was acquired in a freshwater inland lake in northern illinois. the organism is more widely distributed than generally appreciated, and the potential for infection in patients without t ... | 1989 | 2592550 |
| advances in oculoplastic surgery. | ophthalmic plastic surgery, a sub-specialty within ophthalmology, encompasses diagnosis and treatment of diseases and abnormalities of the eyelids, orbit, and lacrimal systems. eyelid carcinoma is a more common entity as well as blepharoptosis seen in children and adults. it can usually be corrected by surgery involving the levator palpebrae superioris or a tarsofrontalis suspension using synthetic material or human tissue. retraction of the upper eyelid, the opposite of blepharoptosis, may be s ... | 1989 | 2592933 |
| uptake and release of glycine in cerebellar granule cells and astrocytes in primary culture: potassium-stimulated release from granule cells is calcium-dependent. | the properties of [3h]glycine uptake and release were studied with cerebellar granule cells, 7-9 days in vitro, (div) and astrocytes, 14-15 div, in primary cultures. the uptake of glycine in both cell types consisted of a saturable high-affinity transport and nonsaturable diffusion. the transport constant (km) and maximal velocity (v) were significantly higher in granule cells than in astrocytes. uptake was strictly na+-dependent and also markedly diminished in low-cl medium. the specificity of ... | 1989 | 2593181 |
| [immunological characterizations of adult t cell leukemia cells]. | profiles of antigens, associated with activation of normal t cells, on adult t cell leukemia (atl) cells obtained from atl patients with various clinical stages (acute, chronic, smoldering), were examined. the expressions of ki 67, okt 9 and cd 38 antigens were correlated with the spontaneous 3h-thymidine uptake and also with the severities of the disease. cd 25 and cd 28 antigens were expressed on atl cells from all clinical stages. a loss of cd 7 antigen was observed in peripheral blood atl ce ... | 1989 | 2593239 |
| tricuspid valve candida endocarditis cured by valve-sparing debridement. | this report describes the case of a patient in whom candida albicans tricuspid valve endocarditis was treated by excision of a large vegetation and partial tricuspid valvectomy without prosthetic valve replacement. in select patients, valve-sparing debridement may allow a long-term cure and may be the procedure of choice in the treatment of candida tricuspid valve endocarditis. | 1989 | 2596924 |
| isolation and characterisation of a 167 bp core particle isolated from stripped chicken erythrocyte chromatin. | we have digested chicken erythrocyte soluble chromatin, both unstripped and stripped of histones h1 and h5 with either 0.6 m nacl or dna-cellulose, with micrococcal nuclease (mnase). digestion of unstripped chromatin to monomeric particles initially paused at 188 bp dna; continued digestion resulted in another pause at 177 before the 167 bp chromatosome and 146 bp core particle were obtained. digestion of stripped chromatin to monomeric particles paused transiently at 177 bp; continued digestion ... | 1989 | 2597676 |
| testicular feminization in a cat. | | 1989 | 2599922 |
| metabolism of peptides and amino acids during in vitro protein degradation by mixed rumen organisms. | in vitro inoculum enriched with particle-associated organisms was prepared using rumen contents from a cow fed a 60% forage, 40% concentrate diet. treatment of in vitro inoculum with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide was used to release intracellular free amino acids from mixed rumen organisms. addition of 10 mm tosylarginine methyl ester, a competitive inhibitor of trypsin, decreased degradation rate and intracellular free amino acids in incubations containing either casein or serum albumin. extra ... | 1989 | 2600222 |
| relationship among climatological variables and hourly distribution of calvings in holsteins fed during the late afternoon. | a survey of 924 calvings of holstein cows and heifers in one large commercial herd during the fall of 1985 revealed a nonuniform pattern of calving over a 24-h period. pregnant females were attended 24 h/d and fed daily a complete diet between 1500 and 1600 h during the dry period or the last 30 to 60 d of gestation. more calvings occurred from 0601 to 1800 h than from 1801 to 0600 h (56 versus 44%). cows calving during the last 12 h of the day (1201 to 2400 h) had gestation periods that average ... | 1989 | 2600234 |
| ap threshold elevation in the guinea pig following exposure to a broadband noise. | sixty guinea pigs were exposed to a steady-state broadband noise with a falling frequency spectrum. the sound-pressure level was varied between 96 and 117 db spl, and the duration of the exposure was varied from 3 to 12 h. after 4-5 weeks, the auditory thresholds were determined by electrocochleography at 14 frequencies, and the results were compared with a control group. with increasing sound-pressure level, the thresholds became elevated at all frequencies. the maximum threshold elevation also ... | 1989 | 2600311 |
| [macrophages and erythrocytes]. | the mechanism by which senescent red blood cells (srbcs) are eliminated from circulation by the reticuloendothelial system was investigated using the newly developed phagocytosis assay. phagocytosis of srbcs and vibrio cholera neuraminidase (vcn) treated rbcs by autologous macrophages were significantly higher than that of unfractionated rbcs. the phagocytosis of vcn-treated rbcs was enhanced by pre-treatment of rbcs with freshly prepared autologous serum, but not with heat inactivated serum. th ... | 1989 | 2601041 |
| when drug therapy causes diarrhea. | | 1989 | 2602816 |
| [intracerebroventricular administration of hypertonic saline inhibits the reabsorption of water and sodium in the proximal tubule]. | in anaesthetized rats with unilateral section of the renal nerve, the effect of intracerebroventricular (icv.) administration of hypertonic saline on the reabsorption of water and sodium in the proximal tubule was investigated, using the lithium clearance method. after icv. administration of hypertonic saline, the lithium clearance (cli to glomerular filtration rate (gfr) ratio increased from 0.37 +/- 0.04 to 0.51 +/- 0.05 (p less than 0.01) in the denervated kidneys and from 0.26 +/- 0.03 to 0. ... | 1989 | 2602950 |
| [intracavitary high-dose-rate-afterloading-radiotherapy in the esophagus of the pig]. | the tolerance of sound esophageal mucosa to intracavitary high dose rate afterloading contact therapy with unique doses of 6 gy and 12 gy, respectively, was investigated in 15 pigs. whereas no macroscopic or microscopic alterations of the mucosa are found after 6 gy, a unique application of 12 gy produces most severe side effects such as vascular occlusion due to fibrosis of the intima, formation of fistulas, and perforations of the esophagus wall. future investigations will have to aim at the e ... | 1989 | 2603118 |
| rapid laboratory diagnosis of cholera in the field. | | 1989 | 2603187 |
| isolation of vibrio cholerae non-o1 from cerebrospinal fluid. | | 1989 | 2603194 |
| bioluminescence of the insect pathogen xenorhabdus luminescens. | luminescence of batch cultures of xenorhabdus luminescens was maximal when cultures approached stationary phase; the onset of in vivo luminescence coincided with a burst of synthesis of bacterial luciferase, the enzyme responsible for luminescence. expression of luciferase was aldehyde limited at all stages of growth, although more so during the preinduction phase. luciferase was purified from cultures of x. luminescens hm to a specific activity of 4.6 x 10(13) guanta/s per mg of protein and fou ... | 1989 | 2604399 |
| extraction from prawn shells of substances cryoprotective for vibrio cholerae. | substances cryoprotective for vibrio cholerae were detected from prawn shells immersed in phosphate-buffered saline. this cryoprotective activity was heat resistant and sensitive to treatment with trypsin. for the exhibition of its full activity, the presence of mg ion was indispensable. the cryoprotective activity of this substance was more active than that of other known cryoprotectants, like glycerol or serum. | 1989 | 2604409 |
| cell envelope proteins of environmental vibrio cholerae non o1 isolates from albufera lake (valencia, spain) influence of some factors on omp expression. | the cell envelope proteins of 89 environmental vibrio cholerae non o1 strains isolated from lake and coastal waters near valencia, spain, and six vibrio cholerae strains from culture collections were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. considerable heterogeneity was found in the major proteins of the environmental non-o1 strains, but bands between 25,000 and 48,000 daltons were observed in the majority of the strains. estimated relative mobilities of the total ... | 1989 | 2604845 |
| an investigation of a cholera epidemic in butiama village of the mara region, tanzania. | an outbreak of cholera between 19 march and 10 april 1986 in butiama village of the mara region, tanzania, was investigated in a case-control study, to try to find out the source of infection and its mode of transmission. sixty-seven patients, including 11 deaths occurring before 29 march, were used to describe the epidemic, but 26 of the first patients were interviewed using a questionnaire, and each was compared with age and sex-matched healthy next-door neighbours. they were questioned about ... | 1989 | 2607096 |
| cardiopulmonary baroreflex control of brachial artery diameter in sustained essential hypertension. | an exaggerated reflex response of forearm resistance vessels following stimulation of cardiac mechanoreceptors has been observed in human hypertension. in the present study we analyze the possibility that such an increased response also involves the large brachial artery. for that purpose, the influence of leg elevation in subjects in a supine position on brachial artery diameter and blood flow velocity was studied in 12 healthy, normal males and 17 males of the same age with sustained essential ... | 1989 | 2607141 |
| increased prostaglandin synthesis in the unclipped kidney of one-kidney, one clip hypertensive rats. | reversal of one-kidney, one clip (1-k, 1c) hypertension by removal of the renal artery clip is accompanied by increased renal and vascular prostaglandin (pg) production. it was postulated that pg biosynthesis is stimulated in the unclipped hypertensive kidney. in order to test this hypothesis, we compared urinary excretion of pge2 and 6-keto-pgf1 alpha (a breakdown product of pgi2) in perfused kidneys isolated from 1-k, 1c hypertensive rats, 1-k, sham-clipped rats and 1-k, 1c rats which had fail ... | 1989 | 2607143 |
| attachment of toxigenic vibrio cholerae 01 to various freshwater plants and survival with a filamentous green alga, rhizoclonium fontanum. | in bangladesh, cholera epidemics occur twice a year. v. cholerae 01 are readily isolated from the environment only during epidemics. the interepidemic reservoirs or sites of survival and multiplication of v. cholerae are still unknown. investigations were carried out with various fresh-water plants as possible reservoirs of v. cholerae in the environment. attachment to and acute population changes of v. cholerae on various plant surfaces was used as a screening technique to screen a particular p ... | 1989 | 2607573 |
| isolation of medically significant vibrio species from riverine sources in south east queensland. | vibrio and vibrio-like bacteria were isolated from water, sediments, plants and faeces from eight riverine sites in south east queensland, australia, using filtrations, enrichments and selective growth on thiosulphate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose (tcbs) and simidu agars. isolates (402 in toto) were classified by numerical analysis of phenotypic characteristics and comparison with fifteen reference cultures. of the isolates 41 (10.2%) were identified as vibrio cholerae, 33 (8.2%) as v. fluvialis an ... | 1989 | 2607994 |
| three dimensional observations of the palisade-shaped nerve endings of normal hair of rat's snout. | the nerve endings of normal hair of the rat's snout, partially digested with trypsin and hydrochloric acid, were studied by scanning electron microscopy. each lanceolate structure measured ca. 10 microns in length and was arranged around the hair follicle. these palisade-shaped nerve endings were situated almost beneath the sebaceous glands, ran upward, parallel to the axis of the hair follicle, and terminated in pointed shape. 2 kinds of cells, teloglia cell type i showing flat profile, and tel ... | 1989 | 2610376 |
| a somatic cell hybrid mapping panel for regional assignment of human chromosome 13 dna sequences. | we have constructed somatic cell hybrids containing different overlapping deletions involving human chromosome 13. cytogenetic characterisation of the breakpoints allowed division of the chromosome into six distinct regions. molecular characterisation of these hybrids allowed regional assignment of anonymous dna sequences, cdnas, and isoenzyme variants and these hybrids should prove valuable in the analysis and isolation of genes and disease loci on chromosome 13. | 1989 | 2612208 |
| a somatic cell hybrid mapping panel for regional assignment of human chromosome 13 dna sequences. | we have constructed somatic cell hybrids containing different overlapping deletions involving human chromosome 13. cytogenetic characterisation of the breakpoints allowed division of the chromosome into six distinct regions. molecular characterisation of these hybrids allowed regional assignment of anonymous dna sequences, cdnas, and isoenzyme variants and these hybrids should prove valuable in the analysis and isolation of genes and disease loci on chromosome 13. | 1989 | 2612208 |
| effects of postnatal dexamethasone treatment on development of alveoli in adult rats. | we compared the effects of dexamethasone given to rats from age 4 to 14 days, on alveolar development at age 99 days. judged by similar nose-to-tail length and body weight, somatic growth was not altered by dexamethasone treatment. lung volumes in both air- and saline-filled lungs and mean chord length (lm) were increased, whereas alveolar surface area (sa) and surface-to-volume ratio (s/v) were diminished in dexamethasone-treated adult rats. these changes were associated with a significant redu ... | 1989 | 2612450 |
| effects of postnatal dexamethasone treatment on development of alveoli in adult rats. | we compared the effects of dexamethasone given to rats from age 4 to 14 days, on alveolar development at age 99 days. judged by similar nose-to-tail length and body weight, somatic growth was not altered by dexamethasone treatment. lung volumes in both air- and saline-filled lungs and mean chord length (lm) were increased, whereas alveolar surface area (sa) and surface-to-volume ratio (s/v) were diminished in dexamethasone-treated adult rats. these changes were associated with a significant redu ... | 1989 | 2612450 |
| pathophysiological variations in the rat liver plasma membrane serine proteinase activity. | the effects of fasting, diabetes, cholestasis, two-third hepatectomy and adrenalectomy on the rat liver plasma membrane serine proteinase activity were studied. our results show a significant decrease of the enzyme activity during fasting (-50%), during experimental diabetes (-50%), in regenerating liver after partial hepatectomy (-70%) and after extrahepatic cholestasis (-70%). no modifications are noted when the rats are bilaterally adrenalectomized. these findings suggest that the enzyme acti ... | 1989 | 2612451 |
| pathophysiological variations in the rat liver plasma membrane serine proteinase activity. | the effects of fasting, diabetes, cholestasis, two-third hepatectomy and adrenalectomy on the rat liver plasma membrane serine proteinase activity were studied. our results show a significant decrease of the enzyme activity during fasting (-50%), during experimental diabetes (-50%), in regenerating liver after partial hepatectomy (-70%) and after extrahepatic cholestasis (-70%). no modifications are noted when the rats are bilaterally adrenalectomized. these findings suggest that the enzyme acti ... | 1989 | 2612451 |
| human lung membrane-bound neutral metallo-endopeptidase-catalyzed hydrolysis of bradykinin. | human lung membrane-bound neutral metallo-endopeptidase (nme; ec 3.4.24.11) has been purified; this enzyme occurred in two forms, nme-i and nme-ii. the total nme activity was purified 2,143-fold with the final specific activities for nme-i and nme-ii being 750 and 1,124, respectively. the two nme forms were resolved in the final purification step involving ion exchange; in all earlier steps including gel filtration and affinity chromatography (phenyl sepharose) both forms behaved similarly and e ... | 1989 | 2612455 |
| human lung membrane-bound neutral metallo-endopeptidase-catalyzed hydrolysis of bradykinin. | human lung membrane-bound neutral metallo-endopeptidase (nme; ec 3.4.24.11) has been purified; this enzyme occurred in two forms, nme-i and nme-ii. the total nme activity was purified 2,143-fold with the final specific activities for nme-i and nme-ii being 750 and 1,124, respectively. the two nme forms were resolved in the final purification step involving ion exchange; in all earlier steps including gel filtration and affinity chromatography (phenyl sepharose) both forms behaved similarly and e ... | 1989 | 2612455 |
| prp (proline-rich protein) genes linked to markers es-12 (esterase-12), ea-10 (erythrocyte alloantigen), and loci on distal mouse chromosome 6. | the closely linked proline-rich protein (prp) genes, coding for abundant salivary proteins, are located on distal mouse chromosome 6. they are part of a conserved linkage group that is represented on human chromosome 12p. two other markers, ea-10 and es-12, that were previously unassigned to a chromosome are closely linked to prp genes in the mouse. | 1989 | 2613230 |
| a ca2(+)-sensitive glycoprotein, gp90, associated with the cytoskeleton from brain and gizzard. | we describe here the expression during development, tissue distribution and molecular properties of gp90: a major concanavalin a (cona)-binding glycoprotein present in the neuronal membrane skeleton from chicken brain. gp90 is co-isolated with, and has a similar developmental profile to contactin (previously called gp130). in whole brain, gp90 undergoes rapid synthesis between embryonic days 10 and 12. unlike contactin, it is not restricted to nervous tissue and is quite abundant in gizzard, whe ... | 1989 | 2613760 |
| reduced renal prepro-epidermal growth factor mrna and decreased egf excretion in arf. | levels of prepro epidermal growth factor (egf) mrna in renal cortical tissue and urinary egf excretion have been determined during cisplatin and ischemia-induced acute renal failure in the rat. northern analysis of polyadenylated rnas of kidney cortical tissue showed diminished renal preproegf mrna in rats injected with cisplatin (5 mg/kg). the decrease in preproegf mrna occurred as early as 12 hours in the kidney and persisted for at least three days after cisplatin injection. the submandibular ... | 1989 | 2615190 |
| [isolation of vibrio cholerae non 01 from sewage in argentina]. | the vibrio cholerae non 01 closely related to the classic choleric vibrio epidemic has acquired worldwide importance during the last decade, with outbreaks of diarrheas, septicemia and other disorders in humans and animals. contaminated food and water and also liquids from sewers offer important steps in the transmission chain. its isolation in the atlantic and pacific coast has led us to investigate its presence in our country, using sewage for the first study. we isolated for the first time in ... | 1989 | 2616773 |
| comparative trial of erythromycin and sulphatrimethoprim in the treatment of tetracycline-resistant vibrio cholerae o1. | the efficacy of the 2 antimicrobial compounds, erythromycin and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole, were compared in the treatment of the clinical symptoms of cholera and the eradication of vibrio cholerae o1 organisms from the stools of patients infected with tetracycline-resistant strains. 47 patients with a clinical diagnosis of cholera, without prior antibiotic therapy, were included in the trial and received either erythromycin, trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole, or a placebo twice daily. the mean ... | 1989 | 2617655 |
| depletion of hepatic glycogen in the hypoglycaemia of fatal childhood diarrhoeal illnesses. | to determine whether depletion of liver glycogen or accumulation of liver fat (steatosis) was associated with the development of hypoglycaemia in children with fatal diarrhoeal illnesses, a case-control study was carried out comparing 17 children who had blood sugars less than or equal to 30 mg/dl with 17 age matched control children who had blood sugars greater than or equal to 59 mg/dl. the most common causes of diarrhoea in the hypoglycaemic children were shigella sp. and vibrio cholerae. the ... | 1989 | 2617656 |
| indomethacin blocks the anorexic action of interleukin-1. | it has been reported recently that the central nervous system actions of interleukin-1 are mediated by the prostaglandin system in the brain. the present study was therefore performed in order to examine the hypothesis that indomethacin, an inhibitor of prostaglandin biosynthesis, might alleviate the interleukin-1-induced suppression of food intake in rats. the i.p. injection of interleukin-1 (2 micrograms/rat) resulted in a significant decrease in food intake. the pre-injection of indomethacin ... | 1989 | 2620696 |
| indomethacin blocks the anorexic action of interleukin-1. | it has been reported recently that the central nervous system actions of interleukin-1 are mediated by the prostaglandin system in the brain. the present study was therefore performed in order to examine the hypothesis that indomethacin, an inhibitor of prostaglandin biosynthesis, might alleviate the interleukin-1-induced suppression of food intake in rats. the i.p. injection of interleukin-1 (2 micrograms/rat) resulted in a significant decrease in food intake. the pre-injection of indomethacin ... | 1989 | 2620696 |
| water quality and isolation of vibrio cholerae non-o1 from an aquatic environment. | according to reports hitherto on the isolation of vibrio cholerae non-o1 from the environment, environmental conditions at the time of detection differ depending on whether isolation is from the sea or rivers. we based this study on two rivers of differing water quality and studied the trend of a bacteria indicator to observe the conditions of existence of v. cholerae non-o1. 1) it was thought that v. cholerae non-o1 did not flow from the land or other areas of pollution but existed at those poi ... | 1989 | 2621385 |
| increased microvascular resistance to blood flow in the rat hindlimb after perfusion with neuraminidase. | 1. the ability of blood to flow through capillaries with diameters smaller than that of erythrocytes and leucocytes has been explained hypothetically on the basis of electrostatic repulsion between vessel walls and circulating cells, but in the absence of in vivo evidence. following our discovery of extraordinarily high densities of sialic acids on endothelial surfaces, we have now devised experiments to determine to what extent microcirculatory blood flow might depend on these negative charges. ... | 1989 | 2621627 |
| augmentation of recombinant interleukin-2-dependent murine macrophage-mediated tumour cytotoxicity by recombinant tumour necrosis factor-alpha. | the activation of murine macrophages by recombinant human interleukin-2 (rh-il-2) alone or in combination with recombinant human tumour necrosis factor-alpha (rh-tnf) was studied. mouse peritoneal exudate macrophages were activated in vitro to the tumouricidal state. macrophage treatment with rh-il-2 alone slightly enhanced cytotoxic activity against b16 melanoma cells. synergism was observed when macrophages were treated with rh-il-2 and rh-tnf, either when applied sequentially or when both age ... | 1989 | 2625358 |
| method for rapid separation of 3,5,3'-triiodothyroacetic acid in human serum by fast protein liquid chromatography. | the 3,5,3'-triiodothyroacetic acid (triac) has been approved as a valuable agent in the management of hyperthyroidism secondary to inappropriate secretion of thyrotropin. we have developed a fast protein liquid chromatography (fplc) method for separation and quantification of triac. serum samples charged with triac were extracted with methanol/ammonium acetate, the supernatants were evaporated to dryness, reconstituted in naoh and injected on a reversed phase column for chromatography. for separ ... | 1989 | 2627761 |
| evaluation of coagglutination test for serotyping of enteropathogenic bacteria. | results of conventional agglutination and coagglutination (coa) tests for serotyping of enteropathogenic escherichia coli (epec), shigella, salmonella and vibrio cholerae were compared. eighty isolates of different serotypes of epec falling in the wellcome polyvalent (ok) 2, 3 and 4 antisera, showed good (4+) agglutination with coa reagent up to 1:960 dilution. out of 50 strains of shigella species tested, 25 of sh. dysenteriae and 5 of sh. sonnei gave good reaction up to 1:1920 dilution and 15 ... | 1989 | 2628290 |
| chemical modification of neutral protease from bacillus subtilis var. amylosacchariticus with tetranitromethane: assignment of tyrosyl residues nitrated. | a neutral protease from bacillus subtilis var. amylosacchariticus was modified with tetranitromethane (tnm) at ph 8.0 for 1 h at 25 degrees c, by which treatment the proteolytic activity toward casein was markedly reduced, whereas activity changes toward n-blocked peptide substrates were variable depending upon the substrate used. the modified enzyme was digested with a staphylococcus aureus v8 protease at ph 7.9 and the resultant peptides were separated by hplc. two peptides which contain nitro ... | 1989 | 2628428 |
| isolation and fundamental properties of a phospholipase a2 inhibitor from the blood plasma of trimeresurus flavoviridis. | phospholipase a2 inhibitor was purified from the blood plasma of habu, trimeresurus flavoviridis, by sephadex g-200 gel filtration, deae-cellulose chromatography, and blue-sepharose cl-6b column chromatography. the purified inhibitor was shown to be a glycoprotein with a molecular weight of about 100k. it was found to consist of four subunits whose molecular weights were around 20-24k. in order to examine the inhibition mechanism of the inhibitor, the interaction of the inhibitor with a phosphol ... | 1989 | 2628432 |
| the rat 78,000 dalton glucose-regulated protein (grp78) as a precursor for the rat steroidogenesis-activator polypeptide (sap): the sap coding sequence is homologous with the terminal end of grp78. | based on the striking sequence identity between the amino acid sequence of rat steroidogenesis-activator polypeptide (sap) and the carboxyl terminus of the 78,000 dalton glucose-regulated protein (grp78), the precursor-product relationship between grp78 and sap was investigated in leydig cells. immunoblot analysis with peptide antibodies specific for grp78 and sap showed that the putative sap precursor is also immunoreactive with the anti-grp78 antibody. genomic blot hybridizations further revea ... | 1989 | 2628731 |
| regulation of carboxypeptidase h gene expression in magnocellular neurons: response to osmotic stimulation. | carboxypeptidase h (cph) is a peptide-processing enzyme thought to be involved in the synthesis of many neuropeptides, including vasopressin (vp) and oxytocin (ot). in this study, employing in situ hybridization histochemistry, we have shown that cph mrna is abundantly expressed in the magnocellular paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei of the hypothalamus, the primary sites of ot and vp synthesis. since this enzyme is copackaged in secretory vesicles and hence coreleased with the neurohypophysi ... | 1989 | 2628743 |
| isolation of inhibitors of adenylate cyclase from dan-shen, the root of salvia miltiorrhiza. | the effect of dan-shen extract, the root of salvia miltiorrhiza, on adenylate cyclase was investigated in both rat brain and rat erythrocytes. the etoac fraction of the meoh extract was proved to have significant inhibitory activity. potent inhibitory principles in the etoac fraction were isolated and identified as 4 polyphenolic acids, rosemarinic acid, lithospermic acid, and their methyl ester derivatives. | 1989 | 2630095 |
| an investigation on the safety of rewashed gloves. | despite recommendations from the department of health and human services, some dental professionals are using rewashed gloves. to study the effects of repeated washings, latex gloves were washed up to 50 times and tested for defects before and after washing. then, to investigate the safety of rewashed gloves, they were contaminated with either bacteriophage viruses or staphylococcus epidermidis. after application of four commonly used hand-washing solutions, the contaminated gloves were washed o ... | 1989 | 2630616 |
| an investigation on the safety of rewashed gloves. | despite recommendations from the department of health and human services, some dental professionals are using rewashed gloves. to study the effects of repeated washings, latex gloves were washed up to 50 times and tested for defects before and after washing. then, to investigate the safety of rewashed gloves, they were contaminated with either bacteriophage viruses or staphylococcus epidermidis. after application of four commonly used hand-washing solutions, the contaminated gloves were washed o ... | 1989 | 2630616 |
| [determination of egf receptors (epidermal growth factor) in the placenta and breast tumors]. | receptors for epidermal growth factor (egf) have been identified in different types of tumors and they are often associated with other characteristics which are related to a bad prognosis. a technic has been established to measure membrane receptors in human placenta, which is appropriate for the study of tumors. preparations of placental membranes were incubated either with increasing amounts (0.1 to 3.0, 10(-9) m) of egf labeled with 125i (method by saturation) or with 0.2, 10(-9) m labeled eg ... | 1989 | 2631030 |
| [detection of streptococci from various serological groups in animals]. | during the period from 1985 to 1988 we determined 228 strains of streptococci isolated from samples of various sorts of biomaterials, mainly animals. from this set of streptococci we classified 207 strains into serological groups according to the lancefield classification and about 30% strains into species by means of serological and biochemical methods. most of the strains were allocated to group c (37.28%) and group q (17.39%). 89 streptococci strains originated from pigs, 40 strains from hors ... | 1989 | 2631378 |
| studies on the optimal immunization schedule of the mouse as an experimental animal. the effect of antigen dose and adjuvant type. | this study was undertaken to establish the optimal immunogen dose for immunization of mice, using a viomycin-protein conjugate as a hapten immunogen. it was found that specific immunoglobulin g (igg) formation depends on both the dose of antigen and the type of adjuvant: the optimal antigen dose for an immune response is quite different depending on whether the mice are being treated with freund's complete adjuvant (fca) or freund's incomplete adjuvant (fica). the total igg amount depends mainly ... | 1989 | 2632052 |
| studies on the optimal immunization schedule of the mouse as an experimental animal. the effect of antigen dose and adjuvant type. | this study was undertaken to establish the optimal immunogen dose for immunization of mice, using a viomycin-protein conjugate as a hapten immunogen. it was found that specific immunoglobulin g (igg) formation depends on both the dose of antigen and the type of adjuvant: the optimal antigen dose for an immune response is quite different depending on whether the mice are being treated with freund's complete adjuvant (fca) or freund's incomplete adjuvant (fica). the total igg amount depends mainly ... | 1989 | 2632052 |
| increased transport of theophylline into gastrointestinal lumen and gastrointestinal dialysis by activated charcoal in rats with hepatic cirrhosis. | the characteristics of exsorption and/or excretion of theophylline into the small intestinal lumen in rats with hepatic cirrhosis (hc rats) induced by carbon tetrachloride were investigated by an in situ single-pass perfusion technique. the serum concentrations of theophylline after i.v. administration of aminophylline (10 mg/kg) in the hc rats were significantly higher than those in normal rats during the experimental period. moreover, the exsorption of theophylline from blood into the intestin ... | 1989 | 2632064 |
| increased transport of theophylline into gastrointestinal lumen and gastrointestinal dialysis by activated charcoal in rats with hepatic cirrhosis. | the characteristics of exsorption and/or excretion of theophylline into the small intestinal lumen in rats with hepatic cirrhosis (hc rats) induced by carbon tetrachloride were investigated by an in situ single-pass perfusion technique. the serum concentrations of theophylline after i.v. administration of aminophylline (10 mg/kg) in the hc rats were significantly higher than those in normal rats during the experimental period. moreover, the exsorption of theophylline from blood into the intestin ... | 1989 | 2632064 |
| studies on medicinal resources from livestock. i. anti-allergic effects of pig bile. (1). | anti-allergic activities of animal biles and commercially available bile acids were evaluated in experimental allergic disease models. pig bile exhibited marked preventive effects on the models of delayed-type hypersensitivity (type iv allergy), picryl chloride-induced contact dermatitis (pc-cd) and sheep red blood cells (srbc)-induced footpad swelling in mice. fel ursi (dried bear gallbladder) also had an inhibitory effect on pc-cd, whereas ox bile, chicken bile and bile acids had no effect on ... | 1989 | 2632089 |
| studies on medicinal resources from livestock. i. anti-allergic effects of pig bile. (1). | anti-allergic activities of animal biles and commercially available bile acids were evaluated in experimental allergic disease models. pig bile exhibited marked preventive effects on the models of delayed-type hypersensitivity (type iv allergy), picryl chloride-induced contact dermatitis (pc-cd) and sheep red blood cells (srbc)-induced footpad swelling in mice. fel ursi (dried bear gallbladder) also had an inhibitory effect on pc-cd, whereas ox bile, chicken bile and bile acids had no effect on ... | 1989 | 2632089 |
| carriage of enteric bacterial pathogens by house flies in yangon, myanmar. | the carriage of enteric bacterial pathogens by house flies, caught from different places of human habitation and at different seasons, was quantitatively determined in the town of tamwe, yangon, myanmar. a total of 186 fly-pools, each containing 10 live flies, were caught in entomological cages by random sampling regarding season, month, frequency and place of collection. a 10% suspension of each homogenised fly-pool in sterile normal saline was prepared on the day of collection and was cultured ... | 1989 | 2632639 |
| bacterial and viral causes of acute diarrhoea in children in kuwait. | bacterial and viral causes of acute diarrhoea were studied prospectively for one year in 343 hospitalised young children in kuwait. in 288 (84%) patients, one or more pathogens were identified compared with 12 of 86 (13.9%) children admitted with diseases other than diarrhoea (p less than 0.01). forty-four (12.9%) of the patients were infected with two or more pathogens. viral agents detected in the stools were rotaviruses (40.2%), enteric adenoviruses (1.7%), and enteroviruses (1.5%). enterobac ... | 1989 | 2632640 |