| microbiology of bacteria causing recurrent acute otitis media (aom) and aom treatment failure in young children in spain: shifting pathogens in the post-pneumococcal conjugate vaccination era. | to prospectively identify the bacterial aetiology and antimicrobial susceptibility of problematic (recurrent and treatment failure) acute otitis media in spanish children several years after the introduction of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. | 2013 | 23746414 |
| antimicrobial resistance among respiratory haemophilus influenzae isolates from pulmonology services over a six-year period. | respiratory tract infections (rti) are frequently caused by haemophilus influenzae. widespread antibacterial resistance among respiratory microorganisms complicates empirical rti treatment. therefore, national data on antibiotic resistance for h. influenzae are important for guiding optimal antibiotic choice. | 2013 | 23746341 |
| human neutrophil elastase degrades splunc1 and impairs airway epithelial defense against bacteria. | acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (aecopd) are a significant cause of mortality of copd patients, and pose a huge burden on healthcare. one of the major causes of aecopd is airway bacterial (e.g. nontypeable haemophilus influenzae [nthi]) infection. however, the mechanisms underlying bacterial infections during aecopd remain poorly understood. as neutrophilic inflammation including increased release of human neutrophil elastase (hne) is a salient feature of aecopd, we ... | 2013 | 23741370 |
| relationship with original pathogen in recurrence of acute otitis media after completion of amoxicillin/clavulanate: bacterial relapse or new pathogen. | we sought to determine whether recurrent acute otitis media (raom) occurring within 30 days of amoxicillin/clavulanate treatment was caused by bacterial relapse or new pathogens. | 2013 | 23736142 |
| bacterial meningitis post-pcv7: declining incidence and treatment. | the epidemiology of bacterial meningitis in the united states has changed tremendously in the past 20 years. since the introduction of the haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine in 1988, the incidence of h. influenzae type b meningitis has declined by at least 97%, and streptococcus pneumoniae has emerged as the most common etiologic agent. the pcv7 (7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine [prevnar]; wyeth pharmaceuticals) vaccine, which targets 7 pneumococcal serotypes, was introduced in 2000 an ... | 2013 | 23736074 |
| haemophilus influenzae serotype a invasive disease, alaska, usa, 1983-2011. | before introduction of haemophilus influenzae type b (hib) vaccines, rates of hib disease in alaska's indigenous people were among the highest in the world. vaccination reduced rates dramatically; however, invasive h. influenzae type a (hia) disease has emerged. cases of invasive disease were identified through alaska statewide surveillance during 1983-2011. of 866 isolates analyzed for serotype, 32 (4%) were hia. no hia disease was identified before 2002; 32 cases occurred during 2002-2011 (p<0 ... | 2013 | 23735653 |
| corticosteroids for acute bacterial meningitis. | in experimental studies, the outcome of bacterial meningitis has been related to the severity of inflammation in the subarachnoid space. corticosteroids reduce this inflammatory response. | 2013 | 23733364 |
| [predictors of one year mortality among immunocompetent adults hospitalized for community-acquired pneumonia]. | mortality increases in adults, especially in older adults, after recovery from an episode of community-acquired pneumonia (cap). | 2013 | 23732485 |
| differential activation of eosinophils by bacteria associated with asthma. | it has been suggested that there is a complex interaction between microbiota and various human diseases. some bacteria have been reported to be involved in the inception and progression of asthma, and others in the protection against asthma. we know very little about the mechanisms by which bacteria do harm or good with regard to asthma. this study investigated whether bacteria exert differential effects on the functions of eosinophils, major effector cells in airway inflammation in asthma. | 2013 | 23711849 |
| programming of the lung in early life by bacterial infections predisposes to chronic respiratory disease. | there is emerging evidence that chronic respiratory diseases such as asthma and emphysema may originate in early life. respiratory infections with certain bacterial pathogens such as chlamydia, haemophilus influenzae and streptococcus pneumoniae in early life may promote permanent deleterious changes in immunity, lung structure, and function that predispose to, or increase the severity of chronic respiratory diseases in later life. for example, these infections increase immune responses, which d ... | 2013 | 23722921 |
| computational insights into the mechanism of inhibition of oass-a by a small molecule inhibitor. | o-acetylserine sulfhydrylase (isoform a, oass-a) is a plp-dependent enzyme involved in the last step of cysteine biosynthesis in many pathogens. many microorganisms use cysteine as the main building block for sulfur-containing antioxidants, and cysteine depletion in several pathogens resulted in a reduced antibiotic resistance, thus leading to the identification of oass as novel suitable molecular targets to overcome antimicrobial resistances. the precise molecular mechanism of oass-a inhibition ... | 2013 | 27481665 |
| identification of phase-variable genes that may contribute to nontypeable haemophilus influenzae nasopharyngeal colonization in humans contributes to our understanding of specific host-pathogen interactions. | | 2013 | 23715662 |
| a new human colonization model for nontypeable haemophilus influenzae. | | 2013 | 23715657 |
| immunogenicity and safety of a meningococcal serogroup a, c, y and w glycoconjugate vaccine, acwy-tt. | a quadrivalent meningococcal serogroup a, c, w and y conjugate vaccine (acwy), utilising tetanus toxoid (tt) as its carrier protein (acwy-tt; nimenrix™, glaxosmithkline vaccines, rixensart, belgium) has been demonstrated to be safe and immunogenic when administered to young children from 12 months of age, older children, adolescents, and adults. administration of a single dose of acwy-tt induces protective serum bactericidal antibodies against all four serogroups as well as good antibody persist ... | 2013 | 23712402 |
| gene set enrichment analysis identifies key innate immune pathways in primary graft dysfunction after lung transplantation. | we hypothesized alterations in gene expression could identify important pathways involved in transplant lung injury. broncho alveolar lavage fluid (balf) was sampled from donors prior to procurement and in recipients within an hour of reperfusion as part of the niaid clinical trials in organ transplantation study. twenty-three patients with grade 3 primary graft dysfunction (pgd) were frequency matched with controls based on donor age and recipient diagnosis. rna was analyzed using the human gen ... | 2013 | 23710539 |
| vaccines as a tool to estimate the burden of severe influenza in children of low-resourced areas (november 30-december 1, 2012, les pensieres, veyrier-du-lac, france). | there is an increasing focus on influenza in low-resourced areas as a vaccine-preventable cause of severe lower respiratory disease in young children, especially among those under two years of age. the extent of the disease burden is unclear: current etiologic studies may underestimate the impact of influenza if recognized or unrecognized infection occurs some time before severe disease manifestations prompt specimen collection for diagnosis. because of various methodological challenges, a vacci ... | 2013 | 23707161 |
| prospective safety monitoring of haemophilus influenzae type b and heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in kagoshima, japan. | haemophilus influenzae type b (hib) conjugate vaccine (prp-t) and heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (pcv7) were introduced in japan in december 2008 and february 2010, respectively. the concurrent administration of these vaccines is routinely performed worldwide. however, the safety of the simultaneous administration of these vaccines has not been fully evaluated in japan, because it has rarely been performed thus far. we conducted a 2-year prospective, observational, multicenter study ... | 2013 | 23698486 |
| haemophilus influenzae serotype f as a rare cause of septic arthritis. | non-type b haemophilus influenzae emerges as a new pathogen in the post h. influenzae serotype b vaccine era. we describe a case of polyarticular septic arthritis caused by h. influenzae serotype f in an adult. the patient was successfully treated with surgical debridement and antibiotic. to the best of our knowledge, this is the fourth reported case of h. influenzae serotype f septic arthritis in adults. | 2013 | 23688572 |
| hpaec-pad method for the analysis of alkaline hydrolyzates of haemophilus influenzae type b capsular polysaccharide. | a gradient method has been devised for the rapid analysis of alkaline hydrolyzates of haemophilus influenzae type b (hib) capsular polysaccharide-based vaccines by high-performance anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (hpaec-pad). as compared with published procedures, peak shape and sensitivity were significantly improved with this approach, analysis time was short and there was little interference from impurities. the limits of detection and quantification were esta ... | 2013 | 23681893 |
| disinfection of rigid nasal endoscopes following in vitro contamination with staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and haemophilus influenzae. | if not adequately cleaned, rigid nasal endoscopes (rnes) have the potential to cause iatrogenic cross-contamination. | 2013 | 23680971 |
| etiology of bacterial meningitis in children in tuzla canton. | bacterial meningitis is one of the most serious infectious diseases in childhood. | 2013 | 23678830 |
| the current situation of voluntary vaccination and the factors influencing its coverage among children in takatsuki, japan: focus on hib and pneumococcal vaccines. | this study aimed to understand the current scenario of voluntary vaccination and the factors influencing its coverage among 18-month-old children of takatsuki city, japan. based on 1167 parents responses, we found that voluntary vaccination coverage rates were low when compared with routine vaccination rates. the children who were not the first born of the family and who had young and poorly educated parents were less likely to receive voluntary vaccination. japanese government-supported vaccine ... | 2015 | 23674825 |
| antibodies directed against integration host factor mediate biofilm clearance from nasopore. | intranasal resorbable packing, such as nasopore, is commonly used during sinus surgery despite a paucity of evidence that demonstrates clinical benefit. we theorized that nasopore supports bacterial growth and biofilm formation. the dnabii family of bacterial nucleic acid binding proteins stabilizes the extracellular polymeric substance of the biofilm, thus protecting bacteria from host defenses and traditional antibiotics. we tested the hypothesis that use of anti-ihf antibodies in conjunction ... | 2013 | 23670606 |
| [incidence of meningitis caused by haemophilus influenzae in the state of rio grande do sul 1999-2010: impact of vaccination campaign]. | this article seeks to analyze and update the epidemiological situation of meningitis caused by haemophilus influenzae type b in the past 10 years in the state of rio grande do sul (rs). it is a retrospective, descriptive study, which used the data notification system of meningitis and vaccination campaign coverage, stored in the epidemiological tabnet online database, for the period from 1999 to 2010. cases notified and confirmed were used and the selection criteria were the year when the sympto ... | 2013 | 23670473 |
| impact of age and comorbidity on cause and outcome in community-acquired pneumonia. | prolonged life expectancy has currently increased the proportion of the very elderly among patients with community-acquired pneumonia (cap). the aim of this study was to determine the influence of age and comorbidity on microbial patterns in patients over 65 years of age with cap. | 2013 | 23670047 |
| the availability of purine nucleotides regulates natural competence by controlling translation of the competence activator sxy. | many bacteria are naturally competent, able to bind and take up dna from their extracellular environment. this dna can serve as a significant source of nutrients, in addition to providing genetic material for recombination. the regulation of competence in several model organisms highlights the importance of this nutritional function, although it has often been overlooked. natural competence is induced by starvation in haemophilus influenzae, the model for competence regulation in the gamma-prote ... | 2013 | 23663205 |
| [septic arthritis of the hip by haemophilus influenzae type f in childhood: a case report]. | septic arthritis of the hip is an acute infection, predominantly of bacterial etiology. although staphylococcus aureus is the primary pathogen in any age group, other potentially pathogenic microorganisms exist. we describe the case of an 18-month patient with septic arthritis of the hip with a rare causal agent (haemophilus influenzae type f) and a good outcome. this case highlights the importance of considering other less common etiologic agents for septic arthritis in children, performing art ... | 2013 | 23648510 |
| population genetics of haemophilus influenzae serotype a in three canadian provinces. | haemophilus influenzae serotype a (hia) is an important pathogen since the introduction of vaccines for control of disease due to serotype b strains. using a sodc-based polymerase chain reaction, hia can be divided into 2 phylogenetic divisions, each with their own unique multilocus sequence types. most canadian hia belongs to clonal division i and the st-23 clonal complex. the recently described hypervirulent clone of st-4 was found in a single canadian isolate. therefore, surveillance of invas ... | 2013 | 23647351 |
| real-time polymerase chain reaction for detection of encapsulated haemophilus influenzae using degenerate primers to target the capsule transport gene bexa. | a real-time polymerase chain reaction assay that uses degenerate primers and a dual-labelled probe was developed to detect the bexa gene of haemophilus influenzae, including those belonging to non-b serotypes as well as clonal division ii strains. this assay is sensitive and specific, detecting 20 copies of the gene, but negative with a variety of bacteria associated with meningitis and bacteremia or septicemia. | 2013 | 23647350 |
| haemophilus influenzae type f meningitis in a previously healthy boy. | non-serotype b strains of haemophilus influenzae are extremely rare causes of acute bacterial meningitis in immunocompetent individuals. we report a case of acute bacterial meningitis in a 14-year-old boy, who was previously healthy and had been immunised against h influenzae serotype b (hib). the causative pathogen was identified as h influenzae serotype f (hif), and was successfully treated with ceftriaxone. an immunological evaluation revealed transient low levels of immunoglobulins but no ap ... | 2013 | 23645639 |
| cd4+ t-cell responses among adults and young children in response to streptococcus pneumoniae and haemophilus influenzae vaccine candidate protein antigens. | we characterized cytokine profiles of cd4(+) t-helper (h) cells in adults and young children to ascertain if responses occur to next-generation candidate vaccine antigens pspa, pcpa, phtd, phte, ply, lytb of streptococcus pneumonia (spn) and protein d and omp26 of non-typeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi). adults had vaccine antigen-specific th1 and th2 cells responsive to all antigens evaluated whereas young children had significant numbers of vaccine antigen-specific cd4(+) t cells producing ... | 2013 | 23632305 |
| protective anti-outer membrane protein immunity against pasteurella pneumotropica infection of mice. | the ability of recombinant outer membrane proteins of pasteurella pneumotropica to vaccinate against the infections of mice was studied. the proteins examined were the homologues of the p4, p6, p26, and d15 proteins of haemophilus influenzae. intranasal vaccination with p4 and p6 produced protection against pneumonia. p6 vaccination, which was most studied, reduced the peak bacteria load in lungs by 50-fold and caused a rapid resolution of an infection that lasted for at least 5 days in unvaccin ... | 2013 | 23624107 |
| [audiophonological evaluation of 16 children fitted with cochlear implants for sensorineural hearing loss induced by bacterial meningitis]. | bacterial meningitis (bm) is the primary etiology of acquired sensorineural hearing loss (snhl) in children and may compromise language development. since the 1990 s, cochlear implants (cis) have become part of the management of children with profound snhl with encouraging results. the aim of this study was to analyze the audiophonological performance of children before and after cochlear implantation for snhl following bacterial meningitis. | 2013 | 23623157 |
| the estimated mortality impact of vaccinations forecast to be administered during 2011-2020 in 73 countries supported by the gavi alliance. | from august to december 2011, a multidisciplinary group with expertise in mathematical modeling was constituted by the gavi alliance and the bill & melinda gates foundation to estimate the impact of vaccination in 73 countries supported by the gavi alliance. | 2013 | 23598494 |
| vaccine development and deployment: opportunities and challenges in india. | the indian economy is among the fastest growing economies in the world. the country forayed into manufacturing vaccines starting with a few public-sector manufacturers in the late 1960s but has emerged as the major supplier of basic expanded programme on immunization vaccines to the united nations children's fund (unicef) because of substantial private-sector investment in the area. the indian vaccine industry is now able to produce new and more complex vaccines such as the meningitis, haemophil ... | 2013 | 23598492 |
| educational achievement and economic self-sufficiency in adults after childhood bacterial meningitis. | to our knowledge, no previous study has examined functioning in adult life among persons who had bacterial meningitis in childhood. | 2013 | 23613076 |
| comparison study of single and concurrent administrations of carbapenem, new quinolone, and macrolide against in vitro nontypeable haemophilus influenzae mature biofilms. | nontypeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) is an opportunistic pathogen and a common cause of otitis media in children, chronic bronchitis, and pneumonia in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. many studies have reported that nthi is capable of producing biofilms, which may be one of the important factors involved in chronic diseases and accelerating antimicrobial resistance. unfortunately, there is still no consensus about the elimination of biofilms. in this study, concurrent ad ... | 2013 | 23605250 |
| acute otitis media in infants younger than three months not vaccinated against streptococcus pneumoniae. | the true incidence of acute otitis media (aom) in neonates and infants younger than three months is unknown. in this population organisms causing aom may disseminate leading to bacteremia, sepsis, and meningitis [1]. | 2013 | 23601926 |
| haemophilus influenzae type b in an immunocompetent, fully vaccinated all survivor. | a 7-year-old boy with a history of recurrent acute lymphoblastic leukemia (all), in remission, presented to primary care clinic after 2 days of progressive right hip pain with weight-bearing activities. he was otherwise asymptomatic at the time of presentation. blood cultures revealed gram-negative diplococci, which prompted an mri that was significant for a hip joint effusion and femoral head bone marrow edema. the patient had no sick contacts and no significant past medical history other than ... | 2013 | 23589809 |
| 2012 brazilian society of rheumatology consensus on vaccination of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. | to elaborate recommendations to the vaccination of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (ra) in brazil. | 2013 | 23588512 |
| analysis of antimicrobial resistance and class 1 integrons among strains from upper respiratory tract of healthy adults. | the distribution and characterization of integrons among opportunistic pathogens from nasopharynx of healthy adults. | 2013 | 23585941 |
| non-specific effect of bacille calmette-guérin vaccine on the immune response to routine immunisations. | bacille calmette-guérin (bcg) is one of the most commonly administered vaccines worldwide. in addition to protection against tuberculosis (tb), evidence suggests that bcg immunisation has a number of additional beneficial non-specific immunological effects. these include a reduction in overall infant and child mortality attributable to causes other than tb in high-mortality regions. the antibody response to immunisations provides an opportunity to investigate the influence of bcg on the immune r ... | 2013 | 23583897 |
| a novel branching pattern in the lipopolysaccharide expressed by non-typeable haemophilus influenzae strain 1232. | we report the novel branching pattern in lipopolysaccharide (lps) expressed by non-typeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) strain 1232. the strain expressed the β-d-glcp-(1→4)-[α-d-galp-(1→4)-β-d-galp-(1→7)]-d-α-d-hepp-(1→6)-β-d-glcp chain linked to the proximal heptose (hepi) of the conserved triheptosyl inner-core moiety of nthi lps: l-α-d-hepiiip-(1→2)-[petn→6]-l-α-d-hepiip-(1→3)-l-α-d-hepip-(1→5)-[ppetn→4]-α-kdop-(2→6)-lipid a. the structure has been elucidated using nmr spectroscopy, electro ... | 2013 | 23582099 |
| evasion of killing by human antibody and complement through multiple variations in the surface oligosaccharide of haemophilus influenzae. | the lipopolysaccharide (lps) of h. influenzae is highly variable. much of the structural diversity is derived from phase variation, or high frequency on-off switching, of molecules attached during lps biosynthesis. in this study, we examined the dynamics of lps phase variation following exposure to human serum as a source of antibody and complement in multiple h. influenzae isolates. we show that lic2a, lgtc and lex2a switch from phase-off to phase-on following serial passage in human serum. the ... | 2013 | 23577840 |
| [microbial structure of acute bacterial conjunctivitis]. | microbiological investigation of 124 patients with acute conjunctivitis which were treated in one of tbilisi policlinics in 2010-12 years, was performed; microbial structure containing 124 microbial strains of different species was detected. namely, following species of microorganisms were isolated: s. aureus - 35 strains (28,2%), str. pneumoniae - 10 strains (8,1%), s. epidermidis - 6 strains (4,8%), ps. aeruginosa - 24 strains (19,4%), moraxella catarrhalis - 21 strains (16,9%), haemophilus in ... | 2013 | 23567301 |
| [haemophilus meningitis in properly vaccinated children: report of three cases]. | the 1993 introduction in france of the vaccine against the serotype b of haemophilus influenzae (hib) resulted in a fast reduction of invasive infections caused by this species. however, despite the introduction of a booster dose, cases of hib meningitis can still be observed, even if they are exceptional. we report here on 3 cases of hib meningitis observed at rennes university hospital, which occurred during the winter seasons between 2007 and 2010, in properly vaccinated infants and children ... | 2013 | 23566579 |
| clinical measures of disease in adult non-cf bronchiectasis correlate with airway microbiota composition. | despite the potentially important roles for infection in adult non-cystic fibrosis (cf) bronchiectasis disease progression, the bacterial species present in the lower airways of these patients is poorly characterised. | 2013 | 23564400 |
| nationwide survey of the development of drug resistance in the pediatric field in 2007 and 2010: drug sensitivity of haemophilus influenzae in japan (second report). | the drug-resistant pathogen surveillance group in pediatric infectious disease conducted national surveillance for haemophilus influenzae in 2007 (phase 3) and 2010 (phase 4), following the previous surveillance conducted from 2000 to 2001 (phase 1) and in 2004 (phase 2). we examined the antimicrobial susceptibility for h. influenzae derived from clinical specimens of pediatric patients collected nationwide from 27 institutions during phases 3 (386 strains) and 4 (484 strains). the frequency of ... | 2013 | 23564330 |
| nontypeable haemophilus influenzae carbonic anhydrase is important for environmental and intracellular survival. | nontypeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) is one of the leading causes of noninvasive mucosal infections, such as otitis media, sinusitis, and conjunctivitis. during its life cycle, nthi is exposed to different co2 levels, which vary from ∼0.04% in ambient air during transmission to a new host to over 5% in the respiratory tract and tissues of the human host during colonization and disease. we used the next-generation sequencing tn-seq technology to identify genes essential for nthi adaptation t ... | 2013 | 23564172 |
| relationships between rhinitis symptoms, respiratory viral infections and nasopharyngeal colonization with streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae and staphylococcus aureus in children attending daycare. | nasal bacterial colonization is often dubbed "asymptomatic." we hypothesized that rhinitis, common in preschool children, is associated with bacterial colonization and that respiratory viruses, which cause rhinitis, interact with bacteria in ways which promote transmission. | 2013 | 23558321 |
| nthi induction of cxcl2 and middle ear mucosal metaplasia in mice. | chronic otitis media (com) develops after sustained inflammation and is characterized by secretory middle ear epithelial metaplasia and effusion, most frequently mucoid. nontypeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi), the most common acute otitis media (om) pathogen, is known to activate inflammation and mucin expression in vitro and in animal models of om. the goals of this study were to examine histopathological and expression profiling epithelial effects of nthi challenge in murine middle ears. | 2013 | 23553435 |
| bacterial respiratory pathogens in children with inherited immune and airway disorders: nasopharyngeal carriage and disease risk. | children with primary immunodeficiencies, sickle cell disease and cystic fibrosis are at risk to develop invasive bacterial infections caused by respiratory tract pathogens, in particular streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae and staphylococcus aureus. this review article evaluates the role of nasopharyngeal colonization by these pathogens in the high prevalence of respiratory and invasive infections in children with inherited disorders affecting the immune system or the respiratory t ... | 2013 | 23552676 |
| minimal biofilm eradication concentration of antimicrobial agents against nontypeable haemophilus influenzae isolated from middle ear fluids of intractable acute otitis media. | nontypeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) makes the clinical course of acute otitis media (aom) intractable by forming a biofilm that may hamper the clearance of the bacteria from middle ear cavity. in this study, we evaluated the minimum biofilm eradication concentration (mbec) of antimicrobial agents against biofilm-forming nthi strains. twelve nthi strains isolated from middle ear fluids of japanese children with intractable aom before antimicrobial treatment were evaluated for mbec of fluoro ... | 2013 | 23549738 |
| [pathogen distribution and antibiotic resistance for hospital aquired pneumonia in respiratory medicine intensive care unit]. | to investigate the change of pathogen distribution and antibiotic resistance of pathogens isolated from in-patients with hospital acquired pneumonia (hap) in the department of respiratory medicine intensive care unit (ricu) of xiangya hospital in 2005 and in 2011, and to provide reasonable anti-infectious strategy. | 2013 | 23545821 |
| quantitative fuck gene polymerase chain reaction on sputum and nasopharyngeal secretions to detect haemophilus influenzae pneumonia. | a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for the fuck gene was developed for specific detection of haemophilus influenzae. the method was tested on sputum and nasopharyngeal aspirate (npa) from 78 patients with community-acquired pneumonia (cap). with a reference standard of sputum culture and/or serology against the patient's own nasopharyngeal isolate, h. influenzae etiology was detected in 20 patients. compared with the reference standard, fuck pcr (using the detection limit 10(5) dna c ... | 2013 | 23541117 |
| genetic and functional evidence for a role for slc11a1 in susceptibility to otitis media in early childhood in a western australian population. | otitis media (om) is a common disease in early childhood characterised by inflammation of the middle ear. susceptibility to recurrent acute om (raom; ≥3 episodes aom in 6 months) and chronic om with effusion (come; middle ear effusion ≥3 months) is 40-70% heritable. three bacterial pathogens commonly associated with om, streptococcus pneumoniae (sp), non-typeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) and moraxella catarrhalis (mc), have been observed within adenoids and as facultative intracellular path ... | 2013 | 23538334 |
| [management of infection risk in asplenic patients]. | each year in france 6000 to 9000 patients are splenectomised or spleen embolized. as spleen has immunological functions, it contributes to protect against infections. thus, hypo or asplenia increase the risk of infection, especially the risk of overwhelming post-splenectomy infection (opsi). opsi is a medical emergency, characterized by aspecific symptoms, which may rapidly progress to fulminant infection and death in 50% of cases within 48 h. encapsulated bacteria as streptococcus pneumoniae, h ... | 2013 | 23538102 |
| haemophilus influenzae acute endometritis with bacteremia: case report and literature review. | haemophilus influenzae rarely causes acute endometritis and the few published cases have always been associated with intrauterine devices (iud). a 48-year-old female presented to the emergency department with a 3-day history of lower abdominal pain and fever. on physical examination she was tachycardic, hypotensive and had fundic tenderness to palpation. imaging showed uterine leiomyomas and no iud. blood cultures grew a non-typable h. influenzae. endometrial biopsy demonstrated acute endometrit ... | 2013 | 23537790 |
| microbiological characterization of streptococcus pneumoniae and non-typeable haemophilus influenzae isolates as primary causes of acute otitis media in bulgarian children before the introduction of conjugate vaccines. | pneumococcal and haemophilus influenzae type b (hib) vaccines were introduced in our national immunisation program in april 2010. the aims of this retrospective, laboratory-based study were to determine the serotypes and antibiotic resistance of streptococcus pneumoniae and h. influenzae isolates from middle ear fluid (mef) collected before the introduction of immunization. | 2013 | 23531034 |
| nasopharyngeal microbial interactions in the era of pneumococcal conjugate vaccination. | the nasopharynx of children is often colonised by microorganisms such as streptococcus pneumoniae (the pneumococcus) that can cause infections including pneumonia and otitis media. in this complex environment, bacteria and viruses may impact each other through antagonistic as well as synergistic interactions. vaccination may alter colonisation dynamics, evidenced by the rise in non-vaccine serotypes following pneumococcal conjugate vaccination. discovery of an inverse relationship between s. pne ... | 2013 | 23523773 |
| pneumococcal acute otitis media in infants and children in central romania, 2009-2011: microbiological characteristics and potential coverage by pneumococcal conjugate vaccines. | to assess the epidemiological and microbiological characteristics of pneumococcal acute otitis media (aom) in children in brasov, central romania, before the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (pcv) into the routine national immunization program. | 2013 | 23522635 |
| loss of siglec-14 reduces the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation. | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) is a leading cause of mortality worldwide. copd exacerbation, or episodic worsening of symptoms, often results in hospitalization and increased mortality rates. airway infections by new bacterial strains, such as nontypeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi), are a major cause of copd exacerbation. nthi express lipooligosaccharides that contain sialic acids, and may interact with siglec-14, a sialic acid recognition protein on myeloid cells that serves as ... | 2013 | 23519826 |
| prevention and control of meningococcal disease: recommendations of the advisory committee on immunization practices (acip). | meningococcal disease describes the spectrum of infections caused by neisseria meningiditis, including meningitdis, bacteremia, and bacteremic pneumonia. two quadrivalent meningococcal polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccines that provide protection against meningococcal serogroups a, c, w, and y (menacwy-d [menactra, manufactured by sanofi pasteur, inc., swiftwater, pennsylvania] and menacwy-crm [menveo, manufactured by novartis vaccines, cambridge, massachusetts]) are licensed in the united s ... | 2013 | 23515099 |
| the burden of epiglottitis among japanese children before the haemophilus influenzae type b vaccination era: an analysis using a nationwide administrative database. | epiglottitis is a potentially life-threatening disease and is largely preventable by vaccination against haemophilus influenzae type b (hib). little is known, however, about the epidemiology of childhood epiglottitis in asian countries, including japan. using a nationwide inpatient database, this study aimed to determine the burden of childhood epiglottitis before the introduction of hib vaccine into japan. the study period was between july and december in 2007 and 2008, when hib vaccine was not ... | 2013 | 23512615 |
| the concentration of intracellular nickel in haemophilus influenzae is linked to its surface properties and cell-cell aggregation and biofilm formation. | of the known proteins which use nickel as a co-factor, haemophilus influenzae contains only urease and glyoxalase i (gloa). we have recently reported that this pathogen harbours a unique nickel uptake system (nikklmqo-nimr). unusually, the disruption of the nickel uptake system (nikq or nimr mutants) resulted in cells that aggregated and formed an increased biofilm compared to the wild type cells. using a gloa mutant strain and urease-specific inhibitor we showed that this phenotype is not due t ... | 2013 | 23499478 |
| mycotic aortic aneurysm caused by haemophilus influenzae group f. | haemophilus influenzae is a rare cause of mycotic aortic aneurysm. we present a case of h. influenzae mycotic aortic aneurysm, which was complicated by prior endovascular stent-graft placement at another facility. | 2013 | 23498319 |
| markers of lower respiratory tract infections in emergency departments. | acute respiratory tract infections are the common causes for admission to emergency department. appropriate diagnosis and initiating treatment on time are important for reducing morbidity and mortality rate due to lower respiratory tract infection (lrti). the aim of this study is to determine if c-reactive protein (crp) levels and white blood cells (wbc) count are considerable markers to help rapid diagnosis and prediction of antibiotic need for lower respiratory infections in emergency departme ... | 2013 | 23497669 |
| otitis media. | acute otitis media (aom) is diagnosed based on visualization of a full or bulging tympanic membrane with middle ear effusion. the distribution of bacteria causing aom in north america under the influence of pneumococcal conjugate vaccination and antibiotic selection pressure has resulted in a predominance of β-lactamase-producing haemophilus influenzae followed by penicillin-resistant streptococcus pneumoniae. although guidelines continue to endorse amoxicillin as the preferred treatment, amoxic ... | 2013 | 23481107 |
| bacterial growth on cochlear implants as a potential origin of complications. | to investigate the presence and spectrum of bacterial colonization in relation to cochlear implant infections by introducing molecular biologic methods. | 2013 | 23478648 |
| antimicrobial n-(2-chlorobenzyl)-substituted hydroxamate is an inhibitor of 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase. | n-(2-chlorobenzyl)-substituted hydroxamate, readily produced by hydrolysis of ketoclomazone, was identified as an inhibitor of 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase (dxs), with an ic50 value of 1.0 μm. the compound inhibited the growth of haemophilus influenzae. a convenient spectroscopic method for assaying dxs using nadph-lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) is also reported. | 2013 | 23476925 |
| surveillance of bacterial meningitis in the country of georgia, 2006-2010. | bacterial meningitis remains important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly in developing countries. this study analyzed the data from sentinel surveillance for bacterial meningitis among children <5 years of age hospitalized in largest children's hospital in tbilisi, capital of georgia and adult patients hospitalized in infectious diseases hospital during 2006-2010 with suspected bacterial meningitis. the surveillance is conducted by national center for disease control and p ... | 2013 | 23475302 |
| identification of novel irreversible inhibitors of udp-n-acetylglucosamine enolpyruvyl transferase (mura) from haemophilus influenzae. | uridinediphospho-n-acetylglucosamine enolpyruvyl transferase (mura, e.c. 2.5.1.7) is an essential bacterial enzyme that catalyzes the first step of the cell wall biosynthetic pathway, which involves the transfer of an enolpyruvyl group from phosphoenolpyruvate to uridinediphospho-nacetylglucosamine. in this study, novel inhibitors of haemophilus influenzae mura (hi mura) were identified using high-throughput screening of a chemical library from the korea chemical bank. the identified compounds c ... | 2013 | 23462005 |
| detection of multiple viral and bacterial infections in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a pilot prospective study. | few studies have evaluated the contribution of multiple virus and bacterial infections in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. this study estimated the burden of multiple viral and bacterial respiratory infections in moderate to very severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients that were prospectively followed-up during a 12-month pilot study. clinical data were collected monthly and sputum was collected at the time of each acute exacerbation event. classical cul ... | 2013 | 23447038 |
| bacteraemic haemophilus influenzae type b pneumonia complicated with empyema--report of a case and review of literature. | a case of bacteraemic pneumonia complicated with pleural empyema due to haemophilus influenzae type b is reported in a one-year old previously healthy child who had apparently no other associated medical condition. the organism was isolated from both the pleural fluid aspirate and blood of the patient with pneumonia. she was successfully treated with parenteral ampicillin and chloramphenicol alongwith intercostal chest tube drainage. the case is notable because it adds to the existing disease sp ... | 2014 | 25141560 |
| review of a new fully liquid, hexavalent vaccine: hexaxim. | the introduction of injectable vaccines targeting new diseases into childhood immunization programs has resulted in the need for combination vaccines to reduce the number of injections given during early childhood and maintain acceptability of targeting multiple pathogens by vaccination. currently, there is only one licensed hexavalent combination vaccine which targets diphtheria, polio, tetanus, haemophilus influenzae type b, hepatitis b and pertussis. a new, fully liquid formulation hexavalent ... | 2013 | 23441818 |
| il-1 receptor regulates microrna-135b expression in a negative feedback mechanism during cigarette smoke-induced inflammation. | although microrna-135b (mir-135b) is known to be associated with cancer, with recent work showing that it is massively induced in the pulmonary tissues of mice challenged with nanoparticles suggests a critical role for this microrna in mediating inflammatory response. in this study, we investigated the expression and function of mir-135b in mice exposed to cigarette smoke or nontypeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi). exposure to both cigarette smoke and nthi elicited robust lung inflammation, bu ... | 2013 | 23440414 |
| 50 years ago in the journal of pediatrics: the respiratory manifestations of systemic haemophilus influenzae infection. | | 2013 | 23438914 |
| epithelial control of the human pdc response to extracellular bacteria. | plasmacytoid pre-dendritic cells (pdcs) are specialized in responding to nucleic acids, and link innate with adaptive immunity. although the response of pdcs to viruses is well established, whether pdcs can respond to extracellular bacteria remains controversial. here, we demonstrate that extracellular bacteria such as neisseria meningitidis, haemophilus influenzae, and staphylococcus aureus activate pdcs to produce ifn-α, tnf-α, il-6, and to upregulate cd86 expression. we observed that pdcs wer ... | 2013 | 23436642 |
| results of a national study on the awareness of and attitudes toward acute otitis media (aom) among clinicians and the estimated direct healthcare costs in turkey (tr-aom study). | acute otitis media (aom) is one of the most frequent diagnoses and reasons for prescribing antibiotics in children. the aims of this prospective study were the following: (1) to assess the continuing education of physicians and the sources of information about aom; (2) to assess the current knowledge of and attitudes toward aom as well as the compliance with aom guidelines; (3) to evaluate opinions about vaccines against aom; and (4) to estimate the potential costs of aom on the healthcare syste ... | 2013 | 23433920 |
| ocular penetration of topical antibiotics: study on the penetration of chloramphenicol, tobramycin and netilmicin into the anterior chamber after topical administration. | to compare penetration in the aqueous humour of topically applied antibiotics. | 2016 | 23433257 |
| acute lower respiratory infections in ≥ 5 year -old hospitalized patients in cambodia, a low-income tropical country: clinical characteristics and pathogenic etiology. | few data exist on viral and bacterial etiology of acute lower respiratory infections (alri) in ≥ 5 year -old persons in the tropics. | 2013 | 23432906 |
| effects of simultaneous immunization of haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine and diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis vaccine on anti-tetanus potencies in mice, guinea pigs, and rats. | haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine conjugated with tetanus toxoid (hibt) was licensed for use in childhood immunization in japan in 2007. as adsorbed diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis (dtap) combined with hibt vaccine has not been introduced in japan, dtap and hibt vaccines are injected at separate sites with a similar immunization schedule. there are various interfering or stimulatory effects between components of combined vaccines contained in dtap and hibt vaccines. in this study, we ... | 2013 | 23429084 |
| impact of haemophilus influenzae type b vaccination on the incidence of invasive haemophilus influenzae disease in france, 15 years after its introduction. | we assessed the impact of haemophilus influenzae type b (hib) vaccination, introduced in france in early 1993, on the incidence of invasive haemophilus influenzae (hi) disease up to 2008.the incidence of hi meningitis fell from 0·9/100000 in 1991–1992 to 0·09/100 000 in 1996–2008,with a marked decline (96%) in children aged <5 years, including infants aged <3 months, from 12 to 0·4 /100 000. the incidence of invasive hi disease also decreased in children aged <15 years from 6 to 0·7 /100 000, re ... | 2013 | 23425638 |
| evaluation of fever in infants and young children. | febrile illness in children younger than 36 months is common and has potentially serious consequences. with the widespread use of immunizations against streptococcus pneumoniae and haemophilus influenzae type b, the epidemiology of bacterial infections causing fever has changed. although an extensive diagnostic evaluation is still recommended for neonates, lumbar puncture and chest radiography are no longer recommended for older children with fever but no other indications. with an increase in t ... | 2013 | 23418797 |
| transcriptome signature in young children with acute otitis media due to non-typeable haemophilus influenzae. | non-typeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) causes acute otitis media (aom) in young children. in our recent paper in microbes and infection we described the transcriptome signature elicited from pbmcs at onset of aom caused by streptococcus pneumoniae. in the current study we found very different results with nthi aom infections; 5.1% of 29 187 genes were differentially regulated by more than 2-fold at the onset of aom compared with the pre-infection healthy state in the same children. am ... | 2013 | 23411728 |
| individual risk factors associated with nasopharyngeal colonization with streptococcus pneumoniae and haemophilus influenzae: a japanese birth cohort study. | the first step in a bacterial disease is the establishment of nasopharyngeal carriage. | 2013 | 23411622 |
| design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of novel 7-[7-amino-7-methyl-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-8-methoxyquinolines with potent antibacterial activity against respiratory pathogens. | novel 7-[7-amino-7-methyl-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-6-fluoro-1-[(1r,2s)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]- 8-methoxy-1,4-dihydro-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid 2a and 2b were designed and synthesized to obtain potent antibacterial drugs for the treatment of respiratory tract infections. among these, compound 2a possessing (s)-configuration for the asymmetrical carbon on the pyrolidine moiety at the c-7 position of the quinolone scaffold exhibited potent in vitro antibacterial activity against respiratory ... | 2013 | 23409972 |
| good transfer of tebipenem into middle ear effusion conduces to the favorable clinical outcomes of tebipenem pivoxil in pediatric patients with acute otitis media. | tebipenem pivoxil, an oral carbapenem antibiotic for pediatric use, exhibits excellent clinical effects on acute otitis media (aom). the present study was conducted to assess the pharmacokinetic profile of tebipenem in middle ear effusion and to examine the clinical efficacy of tebipenem pivoxil by calculating the values of the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic parameters (auc/mic, c max/mic, and t > mic) of tebipenem at the site of action. twenty-three pediatric outpatients diagnosed with aom wer ... | 2013 | 23393013 |
| immunological memory and nasopharyngeal carriage in 4-year-old children previously primed and boosted with 10-valent pneumococcal non-typeable haemophilus influenzae protein d conjugate vaccine (phid-cv) with or without concomitant prophylactic paracetamol. | prophylactic paracetamol (pp) was previously shown to reduce primary and booster antibody responses against the 10-valent pneumococcal non-typeable haemophilus influenzae protein d conjugate vaccine (phid-cv). this study further evaluated the effect of pp on antibody persistence, immunological memory and nasopharyngeal carriage (npc). | 2013 | 23391599 |
| descending thoracic aortitis due to haemophilus influenzae: a case report and literature review. | aortitis due to haemophilus influenzae especially involving the descending thoracic aorta is rarely encountered. we present a case and literature review concerning haemophilus influenzae aortitis. this article serves to enhance the awareness of this extremely rare disease. | 2013 | 23389816 |
| [morphological changes in penicillin-resistant streptococcus pneumoniae and beta-lactamase-nonproducing, ampicillin-resistant haemophilus influenzae after exposure to oral antibacterial agents]. | morphological changes in penicillin-resistant streptococcus pneumoniae (prsp) and beta-lactamase-nonproducing, ampicillin-resistant haemophilus influenzae (blnar) after exposure to oral antibacterial agents could be observed over time under a phase-contrast microscope. morphological changes in blnar were also observed using a scanning electron microscope. the organisms used in this study were me19f strain identified as genotypic(g) gprsp (serotype: 19f) and jph002 strain identified as gblnar (se ... | 2012 | 23383434 |
| [antibacterial susceptibility surveillance of haemophilus influenzae isolated from pediatric patients in gifu and aichi prefectures (2009-2010)]. | we investigated the susceptibility to antibacterial agents of 197 strains of haemophilus influenzae isolated from pediatric patients at medical facilities in gifu and aichi prefectures between 2009 and 2010. those strains were also examined for the mutations of ftsi coding for penicillin-binding protein 3, presence of bla tem-1, serotype and beta-lactamase producing ability. among the 197 strains, the most prevalent serotype was non-typeable (89.8%), followed by serotype b (8.1%), e (1.5%) and f ... | 2012 | 23383433 |
| [vaccination coverage in 6-year-old preschool children, france, 2005-2006]. | school-based triennial surveys have been implemented in france since 1999 in order to follow up indicators estimating children's health status, including vaccination coverage. | 2013 | 23375080 |
| pathogenic bacteria colonizing the airways in asymptomatic neonates stimulates topical inflammatory mediator release. | bacterial colonization of neonatal airways with the pathogenic bacterial species, moraxella catarrhalis, streptococcus pneumoniae, and haemophilus influenzae, is associated with later development of childhood asthma. | 2013 | 23370914 |
| microbial profiling does not differentiate between childhood recurrent acute otitis media and chronic otitis media with effusion. | otitis media (om) is one of the most frequent diseases of childhood, with a minority of children suffering from recurrent acute otitis media (raom) or chronic otitis media with effusion (come), both of which are associated with significant morbidity. we investigated whether the microbiological profiling could be used to differentiate between these two conditions. | 2013 | 23369612 |
| haemophilus influenzae and the lung (haemophilus and the lung). | haemophilus influenzae is present as a commensal organism in the nasopharynx of most healthy adults from where it can spread to cause both systemic and respiratory tract infection. this bacterium is divided into typeable forms (such as type b) or nontypeable forms based on the presence or absence of a tough polysaccharide capsule. respiratory disease is predominantly caused by the nontypeable forms (nthi). haemophilus influenzae has evolved a number of strategies to evade the host defense includ ... | 2012 | 23369277 |
| [impact of vaccination on admissions for haemophilus influenzae b meningitis from 2004 to 2008 in bobo dioulasso, burkina faso]. | vaccination against haemophilus influenzae type b was introduced in burkina faso on 1st january 2006. this study thus sought to determine the impact of the first 30 months of vaccination on admissions for hib meningitis in the department of pediatrics at the sourô-sanou university hospital in bobo dioulasso. | 2016 | 23360620 |
| mycotic aneurysm of the abdominal aorta caused by haemophilus influenzae type f. | prior to the advent of the haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine, invasive infections due to h. influenzae type f were rarely described. however, the epidemiology of h. influenzae is changing. while the incidence of invasive infections due to h. influenzae is declining in children, such infections are becoming more common in adults, particularly in the elderly. here, we report an unusual case of infective aortic aneurysm caused by h. influenzae type f that underlines the emerging clinical releva ... | 2013 | 23355310 |
| lung microbiota and bacterial abundance in patients with bronchiectasis when clinically stable and during exacerbation. | characterization of bacterial populations in infectious respiratory diseases will provide improved understanding of the relationship between the lung microbiota, disease pathogenesis, and treatment outcomes. | 2013 | 23348972 |
| infant meningococcal vaccination: advisory committee on immunization practices (acip) recommendations and rationale. | at its october 2012 meeting, the advisory committee on immunization practices (acip) voted to recommend vaccination against meningococcal serogroups c and y for children aged 6 weeks through 18 months at increased risk for meningococcal disease. meningococcal groups c and y and haemophilus b tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine (hib-mency-tt [menhibrix, glaxosmithkline biologicals]) is licensed for active immunization for prevention of invasive disease caused by haemophilus influenzae type b (hib) a ... | 2013 | 23344698 |