| mapping qtls for sucrose content, yield and quality in a sugar beet population fingerprinted by est-related markers. | seventy five expressed sequence tags (ests) that are associated with functions in carbohydrate and nitrogen metabolism were genotyped in 108 plants of an f2 population of sugar beet ( beta vulgaris l.) segregating for sugar quality and yield parameters. supplemented by known rflp and aflp markers, the resulting map spans 446 cm of the 758-mbp genome of sugar beet. f3 test-cross plants were analysed for corrected sugar yield, beet yield, ion balance and the content of sugar, amino nitrogen, potas ... | 2002 | 12582619 |
| high-resolution mapping of the bolting gene b of sugar beet. | sugar beet ( beta vulgaris l.) is a biennial species. shoot elongation (bolting) starts after a period of low temperature. the dominant allele of locus b causes early bolting without cold treatment. this allele is abundant in wild beets whereas cultivated beets carry the recessive allele. fifteen aflp markers, tightly linked to the bolting locus, have been identified using bulked segregant analysis. the f(2)-population consisted of 2,134 individuals derived after selfing a single f(1)-plant ( bb ... | 2002 | 12582567 |
| using seed purity data to estimate an average pollen mediated gene flow from crops to wild relatives. | gene flow from crops to wild related species has been recently under focus in risk-assessment studies of the ecological consequences of growing transgenic crops. however, experimental studies addressing this question are usually temporally or spatially limited. indirect population-structure approaches can provide more global estimates of gene flow, but their assumptions appear inappropriate in an agricultural context. in an attempt to help the committees providing advice on the release of transg ... | 2002 | 12579439 |
| the use of rapd analysis of sugar-beet mitochondrial dna in search of cms genes. | | 2016 | 12577632 |
| quantitative relationships between induced jasmonic acid levels and volatile emission in zea mays during spodoptera exigua herbivory. | jasmonic acid (ja) has long been hypothesized to be an important regulator of insect-induced volatile emission; however, current models are based primarily on circumstantial evidence derived from pharmacological studies. using beet armyworm caterpillars (baw: spodoptera exigua) and intact corn seedlings, we examine this hypothesis by measuring both the time-course of insect-induced ja levels and the relationships between endogenous ja levels, ethylene, indole and sesquiterpenes. in separate morn ... | 2003 | 12569409 |
| biosynthetic origin of geosmin in red beets (beta vulgaris l.). | geosmin provides the characteristic but sometimes undesirable "earthy" flavor to red table beets. to date, it is not known whether geosmin is a byproduct of beet metabolism or synthesized by soil-borne microorganisms and taken up by the beets during maturation. analysis of mature beet roots revealed that peels contained 6 times the amount of geosmin compared to the bodies and cores. sterilized beet seeds were aseptically grown in a basal medium prior to analysis for the presence of geosmin. usin ... | 2003 | 12568567 |
| quantitative determination of geosmin in red beets (beta vulgaris l.) using headspace solid-phase microextraction. | an improved analytical method for the determination of geosmin in red beets was developed using headspace solid-phase microextraction (hspme). volatiles of beet juice were extracted in headspace for 2 h using a polydimethylsiloxane/divinylbenzene fiber, thermally desorbed from the fiber, and analyzed by gas chromatography. the hspme method was determined to be suitable for geosmin analysis as evidenced by high relative recovery (99.2%), low relative standard deviation (7.48%), and reasonable det ... | 2003 | 12568566 |
| potassium-selective channel in the red beet vacuolar membrane. | in higher plants the vacuolar k(+)-selective (vk) channel was identified solely in guard cells. this patch-clamp study describes a 40 ps homologue of the vk channel in beta vulgaris taproot vacuoles. this voltage-independent channel is activated by submicromolar ca(2+), and is ideally selective for k(+) over cl(-) and na(+). | 2003 | 12554709 |
| regulation of the fast vacuolar channel by cytosolic and vacuolar potassium. | at resting cytosolic ca(2)(+), passive k(+) conductance of a higher plant tonoplast is likely dominated by fast vacuolar (fv) channels. this patch-clamp study describes k(+)-sensing behavior of fv channels in beta vulgaris taproot vacuoles. variation of k(+) between 10 and 400 mm had little effect on the fv channel conductance, but a pronounced one on the open probability. shift of the voltage dependence by cytosolic k(+) could be explained by screening of the negative surface charge with a dens ... | 2003 | 12547779 |
| the ability of betaine to reduce the irritating effects of detergents assessed visually, histologically and by bioengineering methods. | a novel approach for reducing the undesired irritating properties of detergents on skin might be offered by betaine, which is a natural product derived from the sugar beet. the aim of the study was to explore the ability of betaine to reduce the irritating effects of two surfactants, sodium lauryl sulphate (sls) and cocoamidopropylbetaine (capb). for evaluation of changes in skin reactions visual scoring, electrical impedance, transepidermal water loss and histology were used. | 2003 | 12535285 |
| the mobile bag technique as a method for determining the degradation of four botanically diverse fibrous feedstuffs in the small intestine and total digestive tract of ponies. | an in sacco mobile bag technique was used to determine the rate and extent of disappearance of unmolassed sugar-beet pulp, soyabean hulls, hay cubes and an oat hull-naked oats mixture (67:33, w/w) in the foregut and total digestive tract of ponies. ponies were administered naso-gastrically polyester mesh bags containing 350 mg feed, in a latin square design. bags were collected at the ileo-caecal junction (small intestine bag, sib) and in the faeces (faecal bag, fb) and their residues analysed f ... | 2002 | 12493095 |
| swiss chard: a salad crop for the space program. | salad greens will be among the first crops grown on lunar or planetary space stations. swiss chard (beta vulgaris l.) is an important candidate salad crop because it is high yielding and rich in vitamins and minerals. five swiss chard cultivars were grown in the greenhouse under two light levels for 13 weeks to compare cumulative yields from weekly harvests, mineral composition, and to evaluate sensory attributes as a salad green. the varieties large white ribbed (lwr) and lucullus (luc) were th ... | 2002 | 12481809 |
| construction of a 'unigene' cdna clone set by oligonucleotide fingerprinting allows access to 25 000 potential sugar beet genes. | access to the complete gene inventory of an organism is crucial to understanding physiological processes like development, differentiation, pathogenesis, or adaptation to the environment. transcripts from many active genes are present at low copy numbers. therefore, procedures that rely on random est sequencing or on normalisation and subtraction methods have to produce massively redundant data to get access to low-abundance genes. here, we present an improved oligonucleotide fingerprinting (ofp ... | 2002 | 12472698 |
| the complete sequence of the rice (oryza sativa l.) mitochondrial genome: frequent dna sequence acquisition and loss during the evolution of flowering plants. | the entire mitochondrial genome of rice (oryza sativa l.), a monocot plant, has been sequenced. it was found to comprise 490,520 bp, with an average g+c content of 43.8%. three rrna genes, 17 trna genes and five pseudo trna sequences were identified. in addition, eleven ribosomal protein genes and two pseudo ribosomal protein genes were found, which are homologous to 13 of the 16 genes for ribosomal proteins in the mitochondrial genome of the liverwort (marchantia polymorpha). a greater degree o ... | 2002 | 12471441 |
| alternate energy-dependent pathways for the vacuolar uptake of glucose and glutathione conjugates. | through the development and application of a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based procedure for measuring the transport of complex organic molecules by vacuolar membrane vesicles in vitro, it is shown that the mechanism of uptake of sulfonylurea herbicides is determined by the ligand, glucose, or glutathione, to which the herbicide is conjugated. atp-dependent accumulation of glucosylated chlorsulfuron by vacuolar membrane vesicles purified from red beet (beta vulgaris) storage root app ... | 2002 | 12428021 |
| plant-cell bioreactors with simultaneous electropermeabilization and electrophoresis. | experimental investigations on using low-level electric currents and voltages to extract, transport, and collect intracellular secondary metabolites from plant cells while maintaining their viabilities were conducted focusing on the production of: (1) ionic betalains, mainly negatively-charged betanin, from beta vulgaris cells, and (2) ionic alkaloids, particularly positively-charged ajmalicine and yohimbine, from catharanthus roseus cells. three versions of tubular membrane reactors in which el ... | 2003 | 12413782 |
| phase ii enzyme-inducing and antioxidant activities of beetroot (beta vulgaris l.) extracts from phenotypes of different pigmentation. | free-radical scavenging, reducing, and phase ii enzyme-inducing activities of aqueous and 5% aqueous ethanol extracts of freeze-dried root tissue of four beet (beta vulgaris l.) strains (red, white, orange, and high-pigment (red) phenotypes) were determined. aqueous and ethanolic tissue extracts of the regular and high-pigment red phenotypes were most capable of inhibiting metmyoglobin/h(2)o(2)-mediated oxidation of 2-2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (abts) and 2,2'-azobis-(2- ... | 2002 | 12405765 |
| effect of molassed sugar beet pulp on nutrient utilisation and metabolic parameters during exercise. | the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of partly replacing oats with molassed sugar beet pulp in a traditional hay/oat diet on nutrient utilisation and metabolic parameters in exercising horses. in a change-over experiment, 4 standardbred geldings were fed a hay and oat-based diet (oat diet) and a hay and oat-based diet where oats was partially replaced with molassed sugar beet pulp (msbp diet). each experimental period was 21 days during which total collection of faeces and urine w ... | 2002 | 12405658 |
| evaluation of atriplex lines for selenium accumulation, salt tolerance and suitability for a key agricultural insect pest. | thirty atriplex lines were examined for potential habitat improvement and phytoremediation of selenium (se) contaminated sites. studies were conducted to determine the biomass production, se accumulation, and resistance of each line to the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua, an agriculturally important insect. plants were tested using three salinity treatments: (1) control, no se; (2) nacl and cacl2 salts and 1 mg l(-1) se (12.7 microm) added as sodium selenate; and (3) iso-osmotic to treatment 2 ... | 2002 | 12395860 |
| measuring agricultural sustainability in terms of efficiency: the case of dutch sugar beet growers. | sustainability embraces socio-economic and bio-ecological dimensions or attributes. this paper presents a conceptual framework for quantifying sustainability on the basis of efficiency theory commonly used in economics. the conceptual model is implemented using data envelopment analysis (dea). sustainability is measured for a sample of dutch sugar beet growers. the average technical efficiency was only 50%. a positive correlation was found between technical efficiency and sustainable efficiency. ... | 2002 | 12395583 |
| subcellular localization and isoenzyme pattern of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase in beet root (beta vulgaris l.). | the two enzymes involved in enzymatic browning reactions, polyphenol oxidase (ppo) and peroxidase (po), have been partially purified and extracted from different fractions of beet root. ppo is mainly located in the membrane fraction, and it was also found in the soluble fraction. in both cases ppo was in its latent state. however, po activity was higher in the soluble fraction than in the membrane fraction. nevertheless, the highest values of specific activity for po were obtained from the solub ... | 2002 | 12358490 |
| biosynthesis and radical scavenging activity of betalains during the cultivation of red beet (beta vulgaris) hairy root cultures. | betalains biosynthesis and antiradical scavenging activity were investigated during cultivation of four hairy root cultures of beta vulgaris, obtained from different cultivars (bordo, egyptian, detroit 2 and detroit dark red). the best producer of betalains was a hairy root culture from beta vulgaris cv. detroit dark red (13.27 mg/g dry weight total pigment production). the ethanol extract, derived from roots of the same culture grown for 15 days under submerged conditions, showed a high antirad ... | 2009 | 12240990 |
| synthesis of the (17r)- and (17s)-isomers of volicitin, an elicitor of plant volatiles contained in the oral secretion of the beet armyworm. | both the (17r)- and (17s)-isomers of volicitin, which is contained in the oral secretion of the beet armyworm and induces corn seedlings to emit a blend of volatile compounds to attract the natural enemy of the herbivore, were synthesized via the semi-hydrogenation of an intermediary diyne and (z)-selective olefination as the key steps. they were both obtained as crystalline compounds. | 2002 | 12224650 |
| effects of prolonged washing on primary and secondary transport processes at the plasma membrane in red beet storage tissue. | changing patterns of enzyme activity and solute transport in response to washing were investigated in red beet (beta vulgaris l.) storage tissue. washing had a pronounced effect on the plasma membrane (pm) h+-atpase with an increase in both hydrolytic and proton-pumping activities. immunoblotting indicated that this may be due, in part, to a higher amount of this enzyme in the pm of washed tissue. activities of the tonoplast (v)h+-atpase and pyrophosphatase fluctuated during a 4-d washing period ... | 1997 | 12223806 |
| [risk factors for wilms' tumor development in children]. | wilms' tumor (wt) is the most frequent embryonic renal neoplasia in children. | 2009 | 12200874 |
| protoplasmic ph modifies water and solute transfer in beta vulgaris root vacuoles. | volume changes were studied in beta vulgaris storage root vacuoles, using video microscopy, when exposed to hypotonic conditions. the osmotic gradient was either step-applied or progressively imposed in perfusion experiments. preincubation at low ph (6.6) or with hgcl2 strongly reduced the vacuoles' water permeability, measured in step experiments. furthermore, the volumetric response depended on the rate with which the aniso-osmotic condition was established. in perfusion experiments a "plateau ... | 2002 | 12163976 |
| trace level determination of organophosphorus pesticides in water with the new direct-electron ionization lc/ms interface. | a new lc/ms method for the determination of organophosphorus pesticides in water, based on the use of direct-electron ionization (ei) interface, is presented. direct-ei is a new device that, in a very simple fashion, couples a nano-hplc system with a mass spectrometer equipped with electron ionization capability. the nanoscale liquid flow allows for a direct introduction of eluate into the ion source and, after nebulization, for its ionization under typical ei conditions. library-matchable ei sp ... | 2002 | 12139067 |
| effect of enhanced concentration of co2 on transpiration and kinetic parameters of photosynthetic co2 gas exchange in sugar beet grown at different concentrations of nitrate. | | 2016 | 12134499 |
| determination of degradation of radioactivity and its kinetics in aerobic composting. | in this study, the kinetics of disappearance of radioactivity in aerobic composting was investigated. for this purpose, compost materials were prepared by mixing sugar beet wastes, wine factory wastes (grape wastes), straw and biological treatment sludge in different amounts. while alpha-radioactivity was not initially detected in all composting materials, the composting materials had some beta-radioactivity. in the mixtures of sugar beet wastes--straw-biological treatment sludge (1), sugar beet ... | 2002 | 12118707 |
| influence of the pattern of peptide supply on microbial activity in the rumen simulating fermenter (rusitec). | the source and pattern of n supply was varied in the rumen simulation technique (rusitec) in order to determine if continuous, rather than transient, availability of peptides was required for optimum ruminal fermentation. the energy source was fibre prepared from sugar-beet pulp. n was added as nh3 continuously infused (ac) or peptides (bacto(r) casitone, a pancreatic hydrolysate of casein; difco laboratories, detroit, mi, usa) continuously infused (pc) or added as a single dose at the time of f ... | 2002 | 12117430 |
| genotypic variation for drought tolerance in beta vulgaris. | insufficient soil moisture during summer months is now the major cause of sugar beet yield losses in the uk. however, selection for increased drought tolerance has not been a breeding priority until recently. genetic variation for drought tolerance is an essential prerequisite for the development of more stress-tolerant varieties, but commercial sugar beet varieties seem to have similar yield responses to drought. the objective of this study was to assess the degree of genotypic variation for dr ... | 2002 | 12102517 |
| [production of regenerants in sugar beet]. | the experimental results are presented on production of plants-regenerants of the sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) via callus formation or direct organogenesis from the leaf tissues. the method of aseptic treatment was developed for the seeds with strong bacterial and fungal invasion. the regenerant plants were obtained in the presence of various concentrations of synthetic hormones, such as cytokinin (6-benzaminopurine) and auxin (naphthylacetic acid), and inhibitor of auxin transport in plants (2 ... | 2016 | 12068716 |
| [expression of cms in zygotic and apozygotic progenies of sugar beet beta vulgaris l]. | zygotic and apozygotic progenies of sugar beet exhibit high phenotypic variation with respect to cytoplasmic male sterility (cms). there are progenies with completely sterile, semisterile, semifertile, and fertile pollen. the proportions of semifertile and fertile plants in zygotic and apozygotic progenies varied from zero to 28% and from zero to 17.8%, respectively. comparison of the phenotypic distributions in zygotic and apozygotic progenies did not reveal significant differences in the cms e ... | 2002 | 12068549 |
| modeling of single and competitive metal adsorption onto a natural polysaccharide. | sugar beet pulp, a common agricultural waste, was studied in the removal of metal ions from aqueous solutions. potentiometric titrations were used to characterize the surface acidity of the polysaccharide. the acid properties of the material can be described by invoking three distinct types of surface functional groups with the intrinsic acidity constants (pka(int)) values 3.43+/-0.1, 6.05+/-0.05, and 7.89+/-0.1, respectively. the contents of each functional group (i.e., the carboxyl and phenol ... | 2002 | 12038836 |
| new medium composition for high betacyanin production by a cell suspension culture of table beet (beta vulgaris l.). | the effect of a revised linsmaier-skoog (ls) medium on betacyanin production was investigated in suspension cultures of table beet (beta vulgaris l.). the effects of a high iron concentration and low concentration of zinc on betacyanin production were not cumulative. the composition of the new revised medium for high betacyanin production was established by reducing the concentration of inorganic nitrogen (30 mm), modifying the ratio of ammonium to nitrate (1:14), reducing the concentration of z ... | 2002 | 12036073 |
| [dna degradation in the leaves of the sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) in the process of senescence]. | programmed cell death (pcd) is a characteristic of all living beings in process of their development and in response to biotic and abiotic factors effects. on the pattern of the growing old 7-8th leaves of the sugar-beet (beta vulgaris l.) of the first year vegetation of belocerkovskaya singl-seed-45 sort character of the degradation and state of the methylation gtcgac- and ctgcag-sequences of the dna were investigated. it was established by a method of electrophoresis that in the growing old le ... | 2015 | 12035541 |
| glycine betaine accumulation, ionic and water relations of red-beet at contrasting levels of sodium supply. | exposure of plants to sodium (na) and salinity may increase glycine betaine accumulation in tissues. to study this, red-beet cvs. scarlet supreme and ruby queen, were grown for 42 days in a growth chamber using a re-circulating nutrient film technique with 0.25 mmol/l k and either 4.75 mmol/l (control) or 54.75 mmol/l (saline) na (as nacl). plants were harvested at weekly intervals and measurements were taken on leaf water relations, leaf photosynthetic rates, chlorophyll fluorescence, chlorophy ... | 2001 | 12033231 |
| adsorption of several metal ions onto a low-cost biosorbent: kinetic and equilibrium studies. | sugar beet pulp generated by sugar-refining factories has been shown to be an effective adsorbent for the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions. the structural components related to the metallic adsorption being determined, batch adsorption studies were performed for several metal ions, namely, pb2+, cu2+, zn2+, cd2+, and ni2+ cations. two simple kinetic models, that is, pseudo-first- and pseudo-second-order, were tested to investigate the adsorption mechanisms. the kinetic parameters o ... | 2002 | 12026994 |
| isolation and molecular analysis of six taproot expressed genes from sugar beet. | the taproot from sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) undergoes a specific developmental process to function as a food storage organ. suppression subtractive hybridization (ssh) was utilized for the isolation of cdna fragments for taproot expressed genes. isolation and molecular analysis of six cdnas encoding the complete gene product revealed that these genes comprise homologues of a drought-inducible linker histone, a homologue of a major latex-like protein, a phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase kinase, ... | 2002 | 12021303 |
| pro-active management of beet armyworm (lepidoptera: noctuidae) resistance to tebufenozide and methoxyfenozide: baseline monitoring, risk assessment, and isolation of resistance. | susceptibility to tebufenozide and methoxyfenozide of beet armyworm [spodoptera exigua (hübner)] from the southern united states and thailand was determined through exposure of first and third instars to dipped cotton leaves. among the field populations evaluated, tebufenozide lc50 values for first and third instars, respectively, ranged from 0.377 to 4.41 and 4.37-46.6 microg (ai) /ml of solution. methoxyfenozide lc50 values for first and third instars of field populations ranged from 0.058 to ... | 2002 | 12020022 |
| relative effects of ultraviolet and visible light on the activities of corn earworm and beet armyworm (lepidoptera: noctuidae) nucleopolyhedroviruses. | five different combinations of fluorescent tubes (uv-b/uv-b, uv-b/uv-a, uv-a/ uv-a, uv-b/white, white/white) were used to determine relative effects of uv and visible light on the nucleopolyhedroviruses (npv) of helicoverpa zea and spodoptera exigua. for both viruses, the greatest inactivation occurred with exposure to uv-b radiation. both virus concentration and radiation exposure time influenced the rate and degree of inactivation. in the case of the uv-a/uv-a and white/white combinations inac ... | 2002 | 12019999 |
| analysis of antioxidant activities of common vegetables employing oxygen radical absorbance capacity (orac) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (frap) assays: a comparative study. | a total of 927 freeze-dried vegetable samples, including 111 white cabbages, 59 carrots, 51 snap beans, 57 cauliflower, 33 white onions, 48 purple onions, 130 broccoli, 169 tomatoes, 25 beets, 88 peas, 88 spinach, 18 red peppers, and 50 green peppers, were analyzed using the oxygen radical absorption capacity (orac) and ferric reducing antioxidant capacity (frap) methods. the data show that the orac and frap values of vegetable are not only dependent on species, but also highly dependent on geog ... | 2002 | 12009973 |
| guard cell wall: immunocytochemical detection of polysaccharide components. | the composition of guard cell walls in sugar beet leaves (beta vulgaris l.) was studied by using histochemical staining and immunocytochemical detection of cell wall antigens. the findings were compared with those in the walls of epidermal and mesophyll cells. probing of leaf sections with monoclonal antibodies against pectins, terminal fucosyl residues linked alpha-(1-->2) to galactose, beta-(1-->3)-glucans and arabinogalactan-proteins revealed several specific features of guard cells. pectic e ... | 2002 | 11971918 |
| enzymatic hydrolysis of ammonia-treated sugar beet pulp. | sugar beet pulp is a carbohydrate-rich coproduct generated by the table sugar industry. beet pulp has shown promise as a feedstock for ethanol production using enzymes to hydrolyze polymeric carbohydrates and engineered bacteria to ferment sugars to ethanol. in this study, sugar beet pulp underwent an ammonia pressurization depressurization (apd) pretreatment in which the pulp was exploded by the sudden evaporation of ammonia in a reactor vessel. apd was found to substantially increase hydrolysi ... | 2001 | 11963856 |
| semiquantitative determination of short-chain fatty acids in cane and beet sugars. | some sugars, specifically white beet sugar and raw cane sugars, possess off-flavors and off-odors. although not necessarily the source, the presence of short-chain fatty acids serves as an indicator of an off-odor problem in sugar. solid-phase microextraction (spme) is used to collect the volatile compounds from the headspace of sugar. the temperature, moisture, and type of spme fiber are varied to optimize recovery. sugars analyzed in the absence of water using an incubation temperature of 70 d ... | 2002 | 11954649 |
| genetic variability of somatic embryogenesis in tissue cultures of sugar beet breeding lines. | genetic variability of callus initiation and plant regeneration has been investigated among three sugar beet genotypes. it was found that tdz has a genotype-independent effect on callus initiation and is responsible for more than a two-fold increase in the friable callus induction rate and more than a three-fold increase in the shoot regeneration rate from this callus. along with the genotype-independent organogenesis, regeneration from callus occasionally went through the process of somatic emb ... | 2008 | 11944321 |
| in situ stabilization of soil lead using phosphorus and manganese oxide: influence of plant growth. | in situ stabilization of pb contaminated soils can be accomplished by adding p and mn(iv) oxide. however, the long-term efficacy of in situ stabilization under continual p removal through plant growth is unknown. moreover, the effects these treatments have on phytoavailability of other metals (cd and zn) commonly associated with pb in soil are not well understood. greenhouse experiments using sudax [sorghum vulgare (l.) moench] and swiss chard [beta vulgaris (l.) koch] were carried out to evalua ... | 2016 | 11931448 |
| identification of betalains from yellow beet (beta vulgaris l.) and cactus pear [opuntia ficus-indica (l.) mill.] by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. | betaxanthins, the yellow-orange water-soluble pigments from yellow beet (beta vulgaris ssp. vulgaris cv. bejo zaden) and cactus pear (opuntia ficus-indica cv. gialla) have been investigated using an hplc system compatible with mass spectrometry. five novel betaxanthins were found and characterized as the immonium adducts of betalamic acid with serine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, valine, isoleucine, and phenylalanine. to enable concentration of betalain samples, desalting was performed by solid-phas ... | 2002 | 11929288 |
| identification of fonofos metabolites in latuca sativa, beta vulgaris, and triticum aestivum by packed capillary flow fast atom bombardment tandem mass spectrometry. | the metabolism of fonofos, a thiophosphonate insecticide, was investigated in mature lettuce (latuca sativa), beet (beta vulgaris), and wheat (triticum aestivum). six new metabolites were identified by lc-ms and lc-ms-ms analysis using fast atom bombardment (fab) and packed capillary lc columns with application of the on-column focusing technique. these methods provided the sensitivity required to identify unknown metabolites that were present in the mature plants at only 20-230 ppb. structural ... | 2002 | 11902934 |
| [variability of the number of chloroplasts in a population of stoma guard cells in the sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.)]. | diploid sugar beet plants demonstrate a broad variability of the number of chloroplasts in stoma guard cells, which is related to myxoploidy of cell populations in leaf apical meristems (epigenomic variability). in addition to random organelle segregation between daughter cells, this variability is affected by factors disrupting the mitotic cycle: (1) plant treatment with a mitotic poison, such as colchicine; (2) duration of the life cycle of a plant; the variability in second-year plants is gre ... | 2002 | 11852797 |
| quantitative structure-activity studies of insect growth regulators: xix. effects of substituents on the aromatic moiety of dibenzoylhydrazines on larvicidal activity against the beet armyworm spodoptera exigua. | larvicidal activity against the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua (hübner), was measured after topical treatment for a series of n-tert-butyl-dibenzoylhydrazines having various substituents in the benzoyl (a-ring) moiety closer to the tert-butyl group, the other benzoyl (b-ring) moiety being unsubstituted. the effects of substituents on the larvicidal activity were analyzed using the classical quantitative structure-activity relationship (qsar) procedure. introduction of hydrophobic substituents ... | 2002 | 11852637 |
| [manifestation of "hairy leaf" trait in mangel beet]. | new morphological trait, "hairy leaf", of mangel beet has been picked out. dominant character and monogenic inheritance of the trait were found. comparative analysis of manifestation of this trait in mangel and sugar beets was done. it is shown that the gene of "hairiness" (hl) in sugar beet is not allelic to the hlvar gene in mangel beet. this trait can be used as a marker in selection-genetical investigation. | 2008 | 11833338 |
| the influence of intact-plant and excised-leaf bioassay designs on volicitin- and jasmonic acid-induced sesquiterpene volatile release in zea mays. | induced plant responses to insect attack include the release of volatile chemicals. these volatiles are used as host-location signals by foraging parasitoids, which are natural enemies of insect herbivores. a plant's response to herbivory can be influenced by factors present in insect oral secretions. volicitin (n-(17-hydroxylinolenoyl)-l-glutamine), identified in beet armyworm (spodoptera exigua) oral secretions, stimulates volatile release in corn (zea mays l.) seedlings in a manner similar to ... | 2001 | 11800380 |
| selected topics from forty years of natural products research: betalains to flavonoids, antiviral proteins, and neurotoxic nonprotein amino acids. | the elucidation by nmr and chemical methods of the unique structure of betanidin, the aglycon of the red-violet beet pigment betanin, forty years ago at the university of zürich, switzerland, was the beginning of my plant chemistry research program. many of the same chemical and spectral techniques developed in zürich have been used at the university of texas at austin for the structure analysis of members of many other classes of natural products including especially flavonoids, terpenoids, and ... | 2001 | 11754626 |
| expression and evolution of functionally distinct haemoglobin genes in plants. | haemoglobin genes have been found in a number of plant species, but the number of genes known has been too small to allow effective evolutionary inferences. we present nine new non-symbiotic haemoglobin sequences from a range of plants, including class 1 haemoglobins from cotton, citrus and tomato, class 2 haemoglobins from cotton, tomato, sugar beet and canola and two haemoglobins from the non-vascular plants, marchantia polymorpha (a liverwort) and physcomitrella patens (a moss). our molecular ... | 2001 | 11725952 |
| 5,5',6,6'-tetrahydroxy-3,3'-biindolyl from beetroot (beta vulgaris) peel extract. | a compound of unusual structure was isolated from red beetroot (beta vulgaris) peel extract and identified as 5,5',6,6'-tetrahydroxy-3,3'-biindolyl based on the combination of nmr and ms studies. | 2009 | 11724374 |
| a pcr-based assay to detect en/spm-like transposon sequences in plants. | degenerate primers deduced from the tpase region of plant en/spm-like transposons allowed the amplification of similar sequences from various plant species including sugar beet, wheat and pea. these primers are efficient tools for the detection of this family of transposons in many plant genomes irrespective of sequence knowledge or phenotypic pecularities. an efficient pcr assay was therefore developed for these class ii transposons, similar to assays already available for ty1-copia-, ty3-gypsy ... | 2001 | 11721956 |
| effect of partial replacement of oats with sugar beet pulp and maize oil on nutrient utilisation in horses. | the objective of the present work was to assess the influence of partial replacement of oats with dried unmolassed sugar beet pulp (sbp) and/or maize oil on nutrient utilisation in horses fed a traditional hay and concentrate diet. the total tract digestibility of nutrients, urinary excretion and plasma parameters were studied in a 4 x 4 latin-square design experiment with purebred arabian geldings. horses fed the sbp diets responded with a reduced (p<0.05) apparent digestibility of crude protei ... | 2001 | 11720030 |
| enzymatic degradation studies of pectin and cellulose from red beets. | the influence of structural features of the cell wall polysaccharides pectin and cellulose on the enzymatic degradation of red beet was evaluated. alcohol-insoluble substances and acetone-insoluble residues were prepared from red beets and characterized with respect to the content of dietary fibre, pectin fractions, neutral saccharide composition and water absorption. the high-methylated and high-acetylated pectin component was partly soluble in water and in edta. pectin was hardly extractable f ... | 2001 | 11715343 |
| betalains--a new class of dietary cationized antioxidants. | antioxidant nutrients from fruits and vegetables are believed to be a class of compounds that exert their effects in humans by preventing oxidative processes which contribute to the onset of several degenerative diseases. this study found a new class of dietary cationized antioxidants in red beets (beta vulgaris l.). these antioxidants are betalains, and the major one, betanin, is a betanidin 5-o-beta-glucoside. linoleate peroxidation by cytochrome c was inhibited by betanin, betanidin, catechin ... | 2001 | 11714300 |
| acclimation of sugar-beet plants grown under varying nitrate supply to doubled co2 concentration in the air. | | 2013 | 11712188 |
| spodoptera exigua oviposition and larval feeding preferences for pigweed, amaranthus hybridus, over squaring cotton, gossypium hirsutum, and a comparison of free amino acids in each host plant. | the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua (hübner), can utilize a number of different host plants for oviposition and larval development, but some host plants are preferred over others. this study, using cage choice tests and olfactometer assays, demonstrates the beet armyworm's preference for pigweed, amaranthus hybridus l., over cotton, gossypium hirsutum l. cage and olfactometer choice assays indicated that olfaction plays an important role in host selection by ovipositing females. first instars e ... | 2001 | 11710608 |
| in wounded sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) tap-root, hexose accumulation correlates with the induction of a vacuolar invertase isoform. | wounding of sugar beet tap-root causes an induction of invertase activity, which contributes to post-harvest sucrose losses. in this first comprehensive monitoring of wound-induced invertase mrnas, proteins, enzyme activities, and tissue hexose concentrations, the vi isoform responsible for wound-induced hexose accumulation in mature tap-root could be identified. | 2001 | 11709588 |
| sesquiterpene carboxylic acids from a wild tomato species affect larval feeding behavior and survival of helicoverpa zea and spodoptera exigua (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | the sesquiterpene carboxylic acids (sca), (+)-(e)-alpha-santalen-12-oic, (-)-(e)-endo-alpha-bergamoten-12-oic, and (+)-(e)-endo-beta-bergamoten-12-oic acid, are produced in glandular trichomes of lycopersicon hirsutum f. typicum humb. & bonpl. accession (la) 1777, which is highly resistant to a range of pests of cultivated tomatoes. l. esculentum mill. exposure of the larvae of two key tomato pests, tomato fruitworm [helicoverpa zea (boddie)] and beet armyworm [spodoptera exigua (hübner)], to th ... | 2001 | 11681691 |
| construction and characterization of a bac library for the molecular dissection of a single wild beet centromere and sugar beet (beta vulgaris) genome analysis. | we have constructed a sugar beet bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) library of the chromosome mutant pro1. this beta vulgaris mutant carries a single chromosome fragment of 6-9 mbp that is derived from the wild beet beta procumbens and is transmitted efficiently in meiosis and mitosis. the library consists of 50,304 clones, with an average insert size of 125 kb. filter hybridizations revealed that approximately 3.1% of the clones contain mitochondrial or chloroplast dna. based on a haploid ge ... | 2001 | 11681609 |
| purification and characterization of a probable light receptor with kinase activity from beet root plasma membranes. | a 120-kda glycoprotein was found in beet root (beta vulgaris l.) plasma membranes. this protein could be phosphorylated in a ca2+-independent manner. its carbohydrate moiety was composed of both o-linked galactose-beta(1-3)-n-acetylgalactosamine disaccharides (which bind peanut agglutinin) and n-linked concanavalin a (cona)-binding oligosaccharides. the phosphorylation of this protein was rapid, half-saturated with 6 microm atp and higher at alkaline ph values. this protein was phosphorylated mo ... | 2001 | 11678286 |
| isolation of a choline monooxygenase cdna clone from amaranthus tricolor and its expressions under stress conditions. | plants synthesize the osmoprotectant glycine betaine (gb) via choline-->betaine aldehyde-->glycine betaine[1]. two enzymes are involved in the pathway, choline monooxygenase (cmo) and betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (badh). a full length cmo cdna (1,643bp) was cloned from amaranthus tricolor. the open reading frame encoded a 442-amino acid polypeptide, which showed 69% identity with cmos in spinacia oleracea l. and beta vulgaris l. dna gel blot analysis indicated the presence of one copy of cmo g ... | 2001 | 11642403 |
| [variability of dna methylation in sugar beet morphogenesis]. | the state of dna methylation in green leaves and etiolated seedlings of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) were compared. using methylsensitive enzymes of restriction the site-specificity of dna methylation was shown. sites of msp1 and draii recognition were subjected to the greatest differentiated modification. external residues of cpcpgpg-sites cytosine were extensively undermethylated in dna of roots than that both hypocotyls with cotyledons and leaves. in dna of etiolated seedlings the sites of x ... | 2015 | 11642051 |
| [a cytoplasmic male sterility-associated rearrangement of the mitochondrial cob gene region in the sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) genome]. | physical maps of the cob mtdna region were constructed and compared between sugar beet beta vulgaris l. plants with normal fertility and with cytoplasmic male sterility (cms). a cms-associated rearrangement did not affect the coding region of cob and combined two mtdna regions which are normally about 150 kb apart. two point substitutions were found in the 3'-untranslated region of cob. | 2006 | 11605535 |
| detection of added beet or cane sugar in maple syrup by the site-specific deuterium nuclear magnetic resonance (snif-nmr) method: collaborative study. | results of a collaborative study are reported for the detection of added beet or cane sugar in maple syrup by the site-specific natural isotope fractionation-nuclear magnetic resonance (snif-nmr) method. the method is based on the fact that the deuterium content at specific positions of the sugar molecules is different in maple syrup from that in beet or cane sugar. the syrup is diluted with pure water and fermented; the alcohol is distilled with a quantitative yield and analyzed with a high-fie ... | 2013 | 11601471 |
| [irradiation as a test-factor revealing dark dna repair capacity of seeds]. | dark repair of dna was studied in embryos excised from the advanced sugar beet seeds. significant increase (from 19 to 321%) in the level of dark dna repair has been established for all studied conditions of the advanced treatment. acute -irradiation has been used to investigate the ability of advanced seeds to repair additional dna damages caused by a standard irradiation dose. it has been concluded that irradiation factor allows to test capacity of dna repair systems. the later, we suggest, ca ... | 2008 | 11589058 |
| simultaneous organic nitrogen and sulfate removal in an anaerobic gac fluidised bed reactor. | a granular activated carbon (gac) anaerobic fluidised bed reactor treating vinasse from an ethanol distillery of sugar beet molasses was operated for 250 days under three different organic loading rates. the reactor showed good performance in terms of organic matter removal and methane production but an anomalous behaviour in terms of unusual high concentrations of molecular nitrogen and low concentration of hydrogen sulphide in the biogas. the analysis of the different nitrogenous and sulphur c ... | 2001 | 11575078 |
| how far can sodium substitute for potassium in red beet? | sodium (na) movement between plants and humans is one of the more critical aspects of bioregenerative systems of life support, which nasa is studying for the establishment of long-term bases on the lunar or martian surface. this study was conducted to determine the extent to which na can replace potassium (k) in red beet (beta vulgaris l. ssp vulgaris) without adversely affecting metabolic functions such as water relations, photosynthetic rates, and thus growth. two cultivars, ruby queen and kle ... | 1999 | 11542657 |
| patterns of cortical microtubules formed in epidermis of beta vulgaris l. roots under clinorotation. | changes of cortical microtubules (mts) from the normal transverse arrangement were observed in epidermal cells of beta vulgaris roots under clinorotation. we hypothesize that the epidermis is sensitive to clinorotation and that the microtubular cytoskeleton plays a key role in the ensuing growth response. | 1999 | 11542617 |
| [specific density of leaf as a characteristic of the photosynthetic apparatus]. | at early stages of ontogeny (up to 50-60% of the maximum leaf area) of wheat (triticum aestivum l.), meadow fescue (festuca pratensis huds.), reed fescue (f. arindinacea schreb.), and sugar beet (beta vulgaris l. var. saccharifera (alef) krass), there is correlation between changes in the specific leaf density (sld), rate of photosynthetic co2 assimilation; activity of the key photosynthetic enzyme ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rubisco, ec 4.1.1.39); and concentration of chlor ... | 2016 | 11530672 |
| cultivation of polyporus squamosus for pectinase production in aqueous two-phase system containing sugar beet extraction waste. | cultivation of the fungus polyporus squamosus for pectinase production was studied in a polyethylene glycol/crude dextran aqueous two-phase system, with sugar beet extraction waste as pectin source. fungal growth was restricted to the bottom phase and the amounts of biomass and exo-pectinase activity produced were superior to in homogeneous cultivation. the partition coefficients of endo-pectinase and exo-pectinase were 4.26 and 2.78, respectively. the top phase yields in the single extraction s ... | 2001 | 11522365 |
| characterization of betacyanin oxidation catalyzed by a peroxidase from beta vulgaris l. roots. | a protein fraction with peroxidase (ec 1.11.1.7) activity against guaiacol from beta vulgaris l. roots oxidized both betanidin and betanin (betanidin 5-o-beta-d-glucoside), the former being the more efficient substrate for the enzyme. the protein fraction contained three strongly basic perxidase isoenzymes. betanidin quinone was formed as the only product in the course of enzymatic betanidin oxidation, whereas betalamic acid and several oxidized cyclo-dopa 5-o-beta-d-glucoside polymers were gene ... | 2001 | 11513711 |
| aroma compounds in the production of liquid beet sugar. | samples of in-process liquid beet sugar were collected from three different parts of a beet sugar factory and a refinery. the samples were analyzed with respect to aroma compounds by means of both liquid-liquid extraction and gas-phase (headspace) extraction followed by gas chromatography-olfactometry (gc-o) and gc-mass spectrometry (gc-ms). the aromas of the eluted compounds were evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively for the different samples. in general, earthy and sour aromas were often ... | 2001 | 11513682 |
| effects of cytoplasmic mg2+ on slowly activating channels in isolated vacuoles of beta vulgaris. | the slow vacuolar (sv) channel can mediate a large part of the ionic current in plant tonoplasts, but its actual physiological role is still unclear. we demonstrate that in vacuoles from the taproots of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.), besides ca2+, cytoplasmic mg2+ also plays an important role in promoting the activation of the sv channel. an increase in mg2+ concentration decreases the time constants of channel activation and deactivation, and determines a consistent shift, towards negative volt ... | 2001 | 11506369 |
| relation between ionic and hormonal regulation of proton pumps in red beet tonoplast. | effects of indoleacetic, abscisic, gibberellic acids and kinetin on the hydrolytic activity of the proton pumps h+-atpase (ec 3.6.1.3) and h+-pyrophosphatase (ec 3.6.1.1) under non-optimal ionic conditions were studied in tonoplasts isolated from stored roots of red beet (beta vulgaris l. cv. bordo). we showed that ionic composition markedly affected the hormonal regulation. h+-pyrophosphatase was more sensitive to the ionic and hormonal regulation than h+-atpase. magnesium ions are essential fo ... | 2001 | 11497104 |
| spodoptera exigua: mating disruption, measurement of airborne concentration of pheromone, and use of specialist receptor cell responses for comparison to female pheromone emission. | field experiments were conducted to evaluate shin-etsu yoto-con-s 'rope' pheromone dispensers applied at different site densities in cotton to determine efficacy in disrupting sexual communication and mating of beet armyworm moths, spodoptera exigua (hübner); obtain atmospheric measurements of the disruptant pheromone components in and away from treated areas; and relate this information to estimates of the concentration of pheromone in the near vicinity of a calling virgin female moth. the numb ... | 2001 | 11495024 |
| metabolism of the herbicide glufosinate-ammonium in plant cell cultures of transgenic (rhizomania-resistant) and non-transgenic sugarbeet (beta vulgaris), carrot (daucus carota), purple foxglove (digitalis purpurea) and thorn apple (datura stramonium). | the metabolism of the herbicide glufosinate-ammonium was investigated in heterotrophic cell suspension and callus cultures of transgenic (bar-gene) and non-transgenic sugarbeet (beta vulgaris). similar studies were performed with suspensions of carrot (daucus carota), purple foxglove (digitalis purpurea) and thorn apple (datura stramonium). 14c-labelled chemicals were the (racemic) glufosinate, l-glufosinate, and d-glufosinate, as well as the metabolites n-acetyl l-glufosinate and 3-(hydroxymeth ... | 2001 | 11455632 |
| [bacterial microflora on disinfected sugar beets]. | sugar beet seeds disinfected with the carbofuran-containing insecticide adifur and the fungicide tachygaren by seed-producing firms were found to be abundantly populated with bacterial microflora. the bacteria isolated from the seed surface were identified to a species level. the selection of bacteria with respect to pesticide resistance may lead to the obtaining of agronomically useful bacterial strains. | 2006 | 11450460 |
| retention of quality characteristics of dehydrated green leaves during storage. | green leafy vegetables are the most underexploited class of vegetables despite high nutritional value. reports on nutritional composition and storage of some of the fresh leaves are available but the storage behavior of dehydrated leaves apparently has not been studied. therefore, in the present study, two green leafy vegetables, savoy beets (beta vulgaris var. bengalensis) and fenugreek (trigonella foenum graecum) were dehydrated in a low temperature drier and stored for 9 months under ambient ... | 2001 | 11442228 |
| pectic polysaccharide rhamnogalacturonan ii is covalently linked to homogalacturonan. | a borate-containing pectin was solubilized from sugar beet (beta vulgaris l. ) cell walls by treatment with 0.5 m imidazole, ph 7. the molecular weight of the pectin was reduced when the borate ester was hydrolyzed by treatment with 1 n hcl. treatment of the acid-treated pectin with boric acid in the presence of pb(2+) gave a product whose molecular weight distribution was similar to the imidazole-soluble pectin. the imidazole-soluble pectin was saponified and then digested with endo- and exo-po ... | 2001 | 11423143 |
| aminophosphonate-induced changes of betacyanine and ionic efflux. | betacyanine and ionic leakage from red beet (beta vulgaris ssp. l. rapacea) roots and lilac (syringa vulgaris l.) leaves under the influence of new aminophosphonates were studied by spectroscopic and conductometric methods. it was found that the leakage of dye or electrolytes depended both on the concentration of the compounds used and their structural features. the results compared to those obtained for the well known herbicide buminafos (dibutyl 1-butylamino-1-cyclohexanephosphonate) enabled t ... | 2012 | 11421448 |
| betalains and phenolics in red beetroot (beta vulgaris) peel extracts: extraction and characterisation. | the extraction of red beetroot (beta vulgaris) peel betalains and phenolics was compared with two extraction methods and solvents. the content of total phenolics in the extracts was determined according to a modification of the folin-ciocalteu method and expressed as gallic acid equivalents (gae). the profiles of extracts were analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc). the compounds of beetroot peel extracted with 80% aqueous methanol were characterised from separated fractions u ... | 2009 | 11421447 |
| the effect of cultivation on the size, shape, and persistence of disease patches in fields. | epidemics of soil-borne plant disease are characterized by patchiness because of restricted dispersal of inoculum. the density of inoculum within disease patches depends on a sequence comprising local amplification during the parasitic phase followed by dispersal of inoculum by cultivation during the intercrop period. the mechanisms that control size, shape, and persistence have received very little rigorous attention in epidemiological theory. here we derive a model for dispersal of inoculum in ... | 2001 | 11416197 |
| availability of arsenic, copper, lead, thallium, and zinc to various vegetables grown in slag-contaminated soils. | to anticipate a possible hazard resulting from the plant uptake of metals from slag-contaminated soils, it is useful to study whether vegetables exist that are able to mobilize a given metal in the slag to a larger proportion than in an uncontaminated control soil. for this purpose, we studied the soil to plant transfer of arsenic, copper, lead, thallium, and zinc by the vegetables bean (phaseolus vulgaris l. 'dwarf bean modus'), kohlrabi (brassica oleracea var. gongylodes l.), mangold (beta vul ... | 2006 | 11401283 |
| [interzonal microtubules and meiotic restitution in the dycots]. | dynamics of the microtubule cytoskeleton at mobile stages of female meiosis in the dycots was studied. a new stage of mt rearrangement was revealed referred to as centrifugal movement of interzone mts at telophase 1. a disruption of this process leads to the displacement of daughter nuclei to the equatorial region and a common (fused) spindle formation. this is the cause of dyad (instead of tetrads) formation in mutant ps of beta vulgaris. | 2001 | 11392811 |
| the male sterile g cytoplasm of wild beet displays modified mitochondrial respiratory complexes. | cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) in higher plants has been mainly studied in cultivated species. in most cases, pollen abortion is linked to the presence of an additional mitochondrial polypeptide leading to organelle dysfunction in reproductive tissues. in wild beet, both cms and hermaphrodite plants coexist in natural populations. the g cytoplasm is widely distributed along the western european coast, and previous genetic studies have demonstrated that this cytoplasm confers male sterility in ... | 2001 | 11389758 |
| effect of zinc deficiency on betacyanin production in a cell suspension culture of table beet (beta vulgaris l.). | the effect of microelements in the linsmaier-skoog (ls) medium on betacyanin production was investigated in suspension cultures of table beet (beta vulgaris l.). removing zinc from the medium resulted in a high betacyanin content of the cells, the betacyanin content of the cells decreasing with increasing zinc concentration in the medium. the betacyanin content of cells cultured in the medium without zinc was twice as high as that in the medium containing 0.03 mm of zinc. in the revised ls mediu ... | 2001 | 11388482 |
| acid beverage floc: protein-saponin interactions and an unstable emulsion model. | the occurrence of acid beverage floc (abf) in acidified carbonated beverages has long been attributed to the presence of saponins. we have examined this assertion and have found evidence to suggest that traces of protein may also be a key factor, along with lipid material present in the floc. turbidity levels of beet sugar protein (0.001 wt.%) and saponin (0.001 wt.%) solutions were examined over time using spectrophotometry. at neutral ph, no change in turbidity was observed in any combination ... | 2001 | 11377939 |
| composition and in vitro digestibility of monosaccharide constituents of selected byproduct feeds. | nonforage byproduct feeds, including distillers dried grains (ddg), corn gluten feed (cgf), wheat bran (wb), beet pulp (bp), soybean hulls (sh), and dried citrus pulp (dcp), were examined for monosaccharide composition and in vitro digestibility by ruminal liquor. the dicotyledonous feeds (bp, sh, and dcp) contained more galactose, pectin, and ndf glucans and less ndf-xylan and ndf-arabinose than the monocotyledonous ones (ddg, cgf, and wb). the lowest values of lignin were found in cgf, sh, and ... | 2001 | 11368597 |
| [expression of mdh1 locus alleles in apozygotic progenies of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.)]. | expression of mdh1 alleles has been studied in 60 apozygotic (agamospermic) sugar beet progenies. seed progenies were obtained by uniparental (pollen less) mode of seed reproduction: selfing of pollen-sterile plants isolated with paper bags. the apozygotic seed progenies demonstrate a disomic gamete autosegregation, i.e., the ratio between genotypes in the progenies correspond to the gamete segregation in a duplex heterozygote of an autotetraploid. it was shown that the ratio between the mdh1 ph ... | 2001 | 11357367 |
| purification and characterization of catalase from chard (beta vulgaris var. cicla). | catalase is a major primary antioxidant defence component that primarily catalyses the decomposition of h(2) o(2) to h(2) o. here we report the purification and characterization of catalase from chard (beta vulgaris var. cicla). following a procedure that involved chloroform treatment, ammonium sulfate precipitation and three chromatographic steps (cm-cellulose, sephadex g-25, and sephadex g-200), catalase was purified about 250-fold to a final specific activity of 56947 u/mg of protein. the mol ... | 2001 | 11342285 |
| an insensitive acetylcholinesterase confers resistance to methomyl in the beet armyworm spodoptera exigua (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | two forms of acetylcholinesterase were identified in field populations of the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua (hübner), collected from cotton in san joaquin valley, ca. strains (bess and bkrr) homogeneous for each variant were isolated and their relative susceptibilities to methomyl, chlorpyrifos, and chlorpyrifos-oxon assessed by topical application bioassay. in comparisons with a laboratory susceptible strain (dow), bkrr and bess expressed 68-fold and sevenfold resistance, respectively, to th ... | 2001 | 11332849 |
| conduction of monovalent and divalent cations in the slow vacuolar channel. | the conduction properties of individual physiologically important cations na+, k+, mg2+, and ca2+ were determined in the slowly activating (sv) channel of sugar beet vacuoles. current-voltage relationships of the open channel were measured on excised tonoplast patches in a continuous manner by applying a +/-140 mv ramp-wave protocol. applying kcl gradients of either direction across the patch we have determined that the relative cl- to k+ permeability was < or =1%. symmetrical increase of the co ... | 2001 | 11331938 |
| changes induced by fe deficiency and fe resupply in the organic acid metabolism of sugar beet (beta vulgaris) leaves. | the effects of iron deficiency and iron resupply on the metabolism of leaf organic acids have been investigated in hydroponically grown sugar beet. organic acid concentrations and activities in leaf extracts of several enzymes related to organic acid metabolism were measured. enzymes assayed included phosphoenol pyruvate carboxylase (pepc; ec 4.1.1.31), different krebs cycle enzymes: malate dehydrogenase (mdh; ec 1.1.1.37), aconitase (ec 4.2.1.3), fumarase (ec 4.2.1.2), citrate synthase (cs; ec ... | 2001 | 11319012 |
| specific screening for color precursors and colorants in beet and cane sugar liquors in relation to model colorants using spectrofluorometry evaluated by hplc and multiway data analysis. | a comparison was made of the fluorophores in beet thick juice and cane final evaporator syrup, which are comparable in the production of cane and beet sugar; that is, both represent the final stage of syrup concentration prior to crystallization of sugar. to further elucidate the nature of the color components in cane and beet syrup, a series of model colorants was also prepared, consisting of mildly alkaline-degraded fructose and glucose and two maillard type colorants, glucose--glycine and glu ... | 2001 | 11308311 |