| oral rehydration formula containing alanine and glucose for treatment of diarrhoea: a controlled trial. | to determine whether adding l-alanine to the glucose based oral rehydration solution recommended by the world health organisation would improve its efficacy in treating acute diarrhoea. | 1989 | 2502251 |
| the immunodiagnosis of schistosoma mansoni infection in the different clinico-parasitological stages. | a total of 52 bilharzial mansoni patients were examined, 20 patients with early intestinal infection with living ova in stools, 20 patients with hepatosplenomegaly but without ascites, also with viable ova in stools, and 12 patients with hepatosplenomegaly and ascites without ova in stools; but in the rectal snip. also 20 normal persons were examined. an idt test was performed by s. mansoni adult worm antigen. s. mansoni adult worm and egg antigen extracts were used for performing ciep, ihat and ... | 1989 | 2504828 |
| assay of heat-labile enterotoxins by their adp-ribosyltransferase activities. | simple enzymatic assays to detect heat-labile enterotoxins whose modes of action are similar to that of cholera toxin were evaluated. the assays are performed by using an artificial substrate, diethylamino benzylidine-aminoguanidine, which is an adp-ribose acceptor. the product, formed in the presence of nad+, can be quantitated by spectrofluorometric, spectrophotometric, or high-performance liquid chromatographic (hplc) methods. as little as 25 ng (spectrofluorometry) or 125 ng (spectrophotomet ... | 1989 | 2509510 |
| [increased efficiency in the disinfection of sewage by lactic acid bacteria]. | the antimicrobic properties have been studied in 30 strains of lactobacilli. as a result a strain, the strongest antagonist relative to choleric vibrios and other enteropathogenic microorganisms, is selected. lactobacilli are found to retain their viability and biological activity in the activated sludge during the whole period of observation (6 months). biological disinfection of sewage is shown possible to be intensified using the activated sludge inoculated by the culture of the selected lact ... | 1989 | 2514340 |
| an outbreak of nosocomial cholera in a 755-bed hospital. | from 30 october to 7 december 1984, an outbreak of nosocomial cholera involving 11 cases of biotype el tor, serotype inaba, took place in a 755-bed hospital in southern thailand. the outbreak occurred primarily among patients admitted with severe illness. of the 11 cases, 7 were children and 4 were adults. most cases had mild symptoms of cholera and no case died in this outbreak. the first 2 cases occurred sporadically with a subsequent cluster of cases showing an explosive pattern. a case-contr ... | 1989 | 2514477 |
| an immunocytochemical study of the proliferating cell nuclear matrix antigen p125/6.5 during rat spermatogenesis. | in previous studies of proliferating mammalian cells a p125/6.5 nuclear matrix antigen displaying a marked increase in mitotic cells has been identified. this antigen was investigated by immunocytochemistry of cryosections of testes at different stages of postnatal development: newborn, 20 days after birth and sexually mature rats. in sertoli cells, the distribution of the p125/6.5 antigen parallels [3h]thymidine incorporation: present in newborn and absent in sexually mature testes. the p125/6. ... | 1989 | 2515195 |
| time of insemination and its effect on in-vitro fertilization, cleavage and pregnancy rates in gnrh agonist/hmg-stimulated cycles. | in this prospective study, we compared the effect of delayed inseminations on fertilization, cleavage and pregnancy rates in two groups of patients. in one group, the ovarian stimulation was performed with a clomiphene citrate/human menopausal gonadotrophin/human chorionic gonadotrophin (cc/hmg/hcg) protocol. the other group was pre-treated with gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist (gnrha) and ovarian stimulation was carried out with an hmg/hcg protocol. under both protocols, a delay of 2, 4 ... | 1989 | 2515208 |
| the estimation of dietary protein intake in chronic renal failure. | forty-five adult clinic patients with chronic renal failure each supplied a 4-day weighed dietary record, a 24-h urine collection, and a nocturnal spot urine sample. total nitrogen (n) losses derived from the urines were corrected for proteinuria and non-urea nitrogen excretion. individual estimates of n intake were compared by correlation and assessing the level of agreement. daily urea n excretion derived from the spot sample correlated well with the 24-h collection p less than 0.001, but the ... | 1989 | 2515492 |
| the discovery of the enzyme test for rh antibodies. | | 1989 | 2515654 |
| [quantitation of human serum apolipoprotein cii by radial immunodiffusion assay]. | a radial immunodiffusion assay (rid) for quantitation of human serum apolipoprotein cii (apocii) was developed. antiserum to apocii was raised in goats with purified apocii. the antibody-gel plate was prepared with 1% agarose. 5 microliters of each sample or standard serum was added in a well. diffusion was performed at 25 degrees c or 37 degrees c for 48 h. the standard curve with a working range of 0.8-4.5 mg/dl was plotted. the minimum measurable concentration of apocii was 40 ng. the intra-a ... | 1989 | 2517121 |
| relationship between viral hepatitis and four trace elements in sera. | | 1989 | 2517616 |
| survival and growth of food poisoning bacteria following inoculation into cottage cheese varieties. | following inoculation into cottage cheese varieties with and without sorbic acid, obtained directly from the manufacturer, strains of enteropathogenic escherichia coli and other e. coli survived but failed to multiply during storage at 7, 10 or 25 degrees c. in the absence of sorbic acid spoilage due to pseudomonas fluorescens occurred after storage for 5-13 days at 7 or 10 degrees c and 1-2 days at 25 degrees c. salmonella enteritidis, s. hadar, s. saint-paul, s. typhimurium and s. virchow surv ... | 1989 | 2518228 |
| [in vitro susceptibility of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli to quinolone antibiotics]. | in this study, in vitro susceptibilities of 24 campylobacter strains isolated from fecal samples were tested for quinolone antibiotics. 13 of the strains were identified as c. jejuni and 11 of them were c. coli. antibiotics which were included in this study were ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, pefloxacin and fleroxacin. antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed on mueller-hinton agar (supplemented with 5% sheep blood) using the agar dilution method. results showed that quinolone antibiotics are v ... | 1989 | 2518646 |
| furazolidone-induced interstrand cross-links in vibrio cholerae dna. study of conformational change by circular dichroism. | vibrio cholerae dna bearing furazolidone-induced interstand cross-links show a change in the characteristic circular dichroism spectra of the dna itself in dilute buffer. the change in c.d. spectra was characterized by a shift of the positive band around 272 nm to lower wavelength and a loss of ellipticity of the negative band around 242 nm, and is similar to that exhibited by mitomycin linked vibrio cholerae dna under identical conditions and is suggestive of a conformational change of dna bear ... | 1989 | 2518733 |
| [a cytochemical study of lysosomal system in rat junctional epithelium after intravenous horseradish peroxidase injection]. | lysosome formation was studied in rat junctional epithelium (je) by detection of acid phosphatase (acpase) using the cerium reaction method after intravenous injection of horseradish peroxidase (hrp). intravenously injected hrp was endocytosed by the whole je, especially at the coronal portion. acpase activity was also observed in numerous organellae (vacuoles, dense bodies, multivesicular bodies and golgi cisternae) in the junctional epithelial cells. these acpase positive organellae often fuse ... | 1989 | 2519301 |
| [acute polyarthritis in a patient with aids. clinical report]. | a homosexual patient known to be hiv positive for 2 years developed fever, herpes labialis, salmonellosis and symmetric polyarthritis. no specific cause was documented for the arthritis which was ascribed to the aids syndrome. partial improvement in symptoms was observed after therapy with cotrimoxazole and indomethacin. musculoskeletal complications of aids are reviewed. | 1989 | 2519452 |
| cardiac arrest postoperatively in a patient infected with ascaris, the roundworm. | | 1989 | 2519513 |
| removal and reimplantation of the parietal cortex of mice during the first nine days of life: consequences for the barrelfield. | vibrissal follicles on one side of the mouse whiskerpad are topologically connected to barrels in the contralateral somatosensory cortex. barre's develop from postnatal day 3 to 6. recently, i have observed that the barrelfields still develop in pieces of parietal cortex that were removed and reimplanted, in the same place and with the original orientation, on the day of birth, or on postnatal days 1 or 3. now, two questions were asked: (i) can the barrelfield form and/or remain in place after i ... | 1989 | 2519518 |
| killing of human tumor cells by antibody c3b conjugates and human complement. | to potentiate the lytic action of complement on tumor cells, we have constructed heteroconjugates composed of monoclonal antibody and of the human c3b component of complement. the conjugates were formed efficiently using the heterobifunctional cross-linking reagent spdp. the monoclonal antibody-c3b conjugate promoted the killing of k562 tumor cells by normal human serum. treatment of the tumor cells with the monoclonal antibody and normal human serum resulted in 10-15% lysis. however, following ... | 1989 | 2519543 |
| permethrin-impregnated bednets reduce nuisance arthropods in gambian houses. | the prevalence of bedbugs (cimex hemipterus l.), chicken ticks (argas persicus oken) and headlice (pediculus capitis de geer) was surveyed in a rural area of the gambia. at the beginning of the study 37.5% of children's beds were infested with bedbugs and 3.9% with chicken ticks, whilst the prevalence rate of pediculosis in children under 10 years old was 28.8%. both bedbugs and headlice were clustered within compounds. headlice prevalence increased with hair length and they were more common on ... | 1989 | 2519687 |
| neuraminidase pretreatment of donor lymphocytes and graft-versus-host disease. | treatment of murine cba splenocytes with vibrio cholerae neuraminidase (vcn) prior to engraftment into cyclophosphamide (cy) immunosuppressed balb/c x cba mice reduced the incidence of acute lethal graft-versus-host disease (gvhd) and delayed mortality in the later phase of the disease. in the same model, pretreatment of donor splenocytes with vcn also reduced splenomegaly. engraftment of f1 mice with cba cells was clearly demonstrated at day 30 after infusion. treatment of spleen cells with vcn ... | 1989 | 2521829 |
| [non 01 vibrio cholerae septicemia]. | | 1989 | 2525717 |
| plasmid vectors for constructing translational fusions to the b subunit of cholera toxin. | a family of plasmid cloning vectors has been developed for creating translational fusions to the ctxb gene encoding the b subunit of cholera toxin (ctb) in escherichia coli. these vectors permit insertion of transcriptionally and translationally competent gene sequences upstream from ctxb. to test the utility of the system, a portion of the glucosyltransferase b (gtf) gene (gtfb) from the cariogenic bacterium streptococcus mutans gs-5 (bratthall serotype c), encoding the n-terminal one-third of ... | 1989 | 2531107 |
| muscarinic receptor activation stimulates b-50/gap43 phosphorylation in isolated nerve growth cones. | a characteristic feature of neurite formation is high expression of the phosphoprotein b-50/gap43. previous studies with growth cone membranes have indicated that this neuron-specific protein kinase c substrate may be involved in transmembrane signal transduction at the growth cone. we monitored the degree of phosphorylation of b-50 by quantitative b-50 immunoprecipitation from intact nerve growth cones, isolated from 5-day-old rat brain and prelabeled with 32p-orthophosphate. b-50 phosphorylati ... | 1989 | 2531215 |
| cell surface sialic acid affects immunoglobulin binding to macrophages. | we demonstrate that guinea pig peritoneal macrophages pretreated with neuraminidase from vibrio cholerae bind more 125i-igg than non-treated cells. estimation of binding constants (ka and bmax) shows that the elevation of binding is the result of an increase in affinity and not in the number of receptors for igg. the change of affinity is proportional to amounts of sialic acid liberated from the cells by increasing doses of neuraminidase. it is also shown that affinity of interactions of igg wit ... | 1989 | 2532157 |
| isolation, characterization and immunological determination of basement membrane-associated heparan sulfate proteoglycan. | basement membrane-associated heparan sulfate proteoglycan (hspg) was extracted from isolated porcine glomerular basement membranes and purified by ion-exchange chromatography. the proteogycan was characterized by specific enzymatic digestions, by amino-acid analysis, by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and by density gradient centrifugation. polyclonal antibodies were raised against the purified hspg in rabbits. antibodies were characterized by enzyme immunoassays, immunoprecipitation and ... | 1989 | 2533508 |
| ultrastructure of human granulosa cells obtained from follicular fluid aspirates. | samples of the granulosa cells obtained from a punctured human preovulatory follicles stimulated for in vitro fertilization purposes were studied by means of light and electron microscopic methods. early and late preluteinized granulosa cells were characterized by the presence of high amount of pale and homogeneous lipid droplets, moderate accumulation of glycogene and progressive development of smooth endoplasmic reticulum. a new type of granulosa cell containing dense-cored granules with fine ... | 1989 | 2533848 |
| inhibitory effect of dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate on the induction of alkaline phosphatase in human fetal liver cell line. | when human fetal liver cells (hul-1-317), cultured continuously in a serum-free medium, were incubated with a combination of prednisolone, butyrate and a hypertonic concentration of nacl at 37 degrees c, alkaline phosphatase activity increased. however, the addition of dibutyryl adenosine cyclic monophosphate (bt2camp) to these agents inhibited the increase in alkaline phosphatase activity in a dose-dependent manner: the inhibitory effect of bt2camp was significant at 0.05 mm, but disappeared at ... | 1989 | 2535785 |
| correlation between selective inhibition of the cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases and the contractile activity in human pregnant myometrium near term. | the present study was carried out to determine the ability of various pharmacological agents to selectively inhibit each cytosolic form of phosphodiesterase isolated from the longitudinal layer of human myometria near term. among the drugs tested, zaprinast specifically inhibits the first form of pde which hydrolyses both substrates (camp and cgmp) and is stimulated by the ca2+-calmodulin complex. a second form of pde specific for camp hydrolysis and ca2+-calmodulin insensitive is only present d ... | 1989 | 2535936 |
| aggregation by fragilis and non-fragilis bacteroides strains in vitro. | bacteroides fragilis is associated with the formation of intra-abdominal abscesses, whereas other bacteroides species are rarely involved. since bacterial clumping may contribute to the survival of bacteria in the face of host defence mechanisms, the hypothesis has been put forward that differences in aggregation between fragilis and non-fragilis strains of bacteroides may account for their differences in survival in vivo. all seven b. fragilis strains tested formed aggregates within 4 h, but st ... | 1989 | 2536442 |
| bile acid profile in a dog with cholangiocarcinoma. | | 1989 | 2536512 |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray analysis of porin from rhodobacter capsulatus. | porin monomers of the phototrophic bacterium rhodobacter capsulatus were purified. crystals were obtained from a solution of porin solubilized with the detergent octyltetraoxyethylene within 5 days using the vapor phase equilibration technique. the crystals were rhombohedral with an edge length of 0.4 mm. the space group was trigonal r3 with unit cell constants of a = b = 95 a, c = 147 a. reflexions were observed to 3.2 a. | 1989 | 2536626 |
| topographical mapping of calmodulin-target enzyme interaction domains. | calmodulin derivatives, specifically biotinylated in domains i and iii, were synthesized to address the structures of calmodulin necessary for binding to its target enzymes in active conformations. by binding avidin to these biotinylated calmodulins, the role of specific sequences of the calmodulin molecule in target enzyme interactions could then be evaluated. the role of domain i in these interactions was assessed by biotinylation of cys-27 of wheat germ calmodulin with n-ethylmaleimidobiotin. ... | 1989 | 2536706 |
| coordinate regulation and sensory transduction in the control of bacterial virulence. | genes and operons that encode bacterial virulence factors are often subject to coordinate regulation. these regulatory systems are capable of responding to various environmental signals that may be encountered during the infectious cycle. for some pathogens, proteins that mediate sensory transduction and virulence control are similar to components of other bacterial information processing systems. understanding the molecular mechanisms governing global regulation of pathogenicity is essential fo ... | 1989 | 2537530 |
| broad-host-range vectors for delivery of tnphoa: use in genetic analysis of secreted virulence determinants of vibrio cholerae. | gene fusions between the cholera toxin structural genes and phoa, which encodes bacterial alkaline phosphatase, were identified after tnphoa mutagenesis of the cloned genes in escherichia coli and were then mobilized into vibrio cholerae. the activities of the hybrid proteins were detectable in v. cholerae and suggested that, like cholera toxin, they were secreted beyond the cytoplasm. to extend the utility of tnphoa to identify additional genetic export signals in v. cholerae and other gram-neg ... | 1989 | 2539354 |
| gas chromatographic determination of (phosphorylated) 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonic acid, heptoses and glucosamine in bacterial lipopolysaccharides after treatment with hydrofluoric acid, methanolysis and trifluoroacetylation. | quantification of phosphorylated sugar constituents of lipopolysaccharides has been performed by the following sequence: dephosphorylation by treatment with hydrofluoric acid, cleavage to monomeric constituents by methanolysis and analysis of the released sugars by capillary gas chromatography. lipopolysaccharides of salmonella minnesota rd1p+, bordetella pertussis nih 114 and vibrio cholerae, nag and 95r strains, were used as model substances. comparison of the chromatographic data obtained fro ... | 1989 | 2541150 |
| relationship between calcium loading and impaired energy metabolism during na+, k+ pump inhibition and metabolic inhibition in cultured neonatal rat cardiac myocytes. | this study tested the hypothesis that the initiating mechanism is a major determinant of the response to calcium (ca) accumulation in myocardium. cultured neonatal rat ventriculocytes were exposed to na+, k+ pump inhibition with 1 mm ouabain and metabolic inhibition with 20 mm 2-deoxy-d-glucose and 1 mm cyanide (dog-cn) for up to 2 h. microspectrofluorometry of myocytes loaded with fura-2 showed that ouabain resulted in a relatively rapid increase in [ca2+]i up to 2-3 microm (two to threefold ab ... | 1989 | 2542375 |
| a molecular epidemiological study of vibrio cholerae in australia. | two hundred and eight strains of vibrio cholerae serovar o1 and 454 non-o1 strains, which were isolated within or imported into australia, were tested for the production of cholera enterotoxin and for hybridization with gene probes for cholera enterotoxin. genetic relationships among representative isolates were studied by a comparison of the restriction-endonuclease digest patterns of the chromosomal dna and by southern-blot analysis of toxigenic strains with the cholera-toxin gene probe. v. ch ... | 1989 | 2542736 |
| multiple cooperative interactions constrain bpv-1 e2 dependent activation of transcription. | transcription directed by the bpv-1 long control region (lcr) is conditional upon activation by the virally encoded e2 protein. within the 1.0 kb lcr there are five separate regions, a to e, that contain e2 responsive enhancers. the smallest functional region, a, is only 38 bp and contains two copies of the consensus sequence acc(n)6ggt that is known to function as an e2 binding site in vitro. we show that a pair of these constitutes a minimal functional e2 responsive enhancer element but that t ... | 1989 | 2542891 |
| dual function of a nuclear factor i binding site in mmtv transcription regulation. | using linker-scanning mutagenesis we had previously identified four elements within the mmtv ltr which are necessary for transcriptional stimulation by glucocorticoid hormones. two of them overlapped with regions to which the glucocorticoid receptor binds in vitro. the third element contained a nf-i binding site, and the fourth the tata box. here we show that mutations that abolish in vitro binding of nf-i had a negative effect also on the basal activity of the mmtv promoter of ltr-containing pl ... | 1989 | 2542892 |
| a pertussis toxin-sensitive g protein in hippocampal long-term potentiation. | high-frequency (tetanic) stimulation of presynaptic nerve tracts in the hippocampal region of the brain can lead to long-term synaptic potentiation (ltp). pertussis toxin prevented the development of tetanus-induced ltp in the stratum radiatum-ca1 synaptic system of rat hippocampal slices, indicating that a guanosine triphosphate-binding protein (g protein) may be required for the initiation of ltp. this g protein may be located at a site distinct from the postsynaptic neuron (that is, in presyn ... | 1989 | 2543072 |
| [immunoenzyme analysis and latex agglutination reaction: use in diagnosing rotavirus gastroenteritis]. | | 1989 | 2543138 |
| differential effects of the destruction of leydig cells by administration of ethane dimethane sulphonate to postnatal rats. | ethane dimethane sulphonate (eds) is a cytotoxic drug that selectively destroys leydig cells in adult testes. this study has examined the effect of a single injection of eds on the leydig cell populations present in the testes of rats aged 5, 10, or 20 days. microscopic examination of the tissue demonstrated that the fetal leydig cell population was destroyed at all ages, but that subsequent development of the adult population of leydig cells was not affected. whilst the destruction of the fetal ... | 1989 | 2546615 |
| stress-induced behavioral depression in the rat is associated with a decrease in gaba receptor-mediated chloride ion flux and brain benzodiazepine receptor occupancy. | rats exposed to inescapable tailshock exhibit deficits in learning a simple shuttlebox escape task 24 h later. this syndrome has been termed 'behavioral depression' or 'learned helplessness', and is a model of stress-induced depression. in the present study a significant (25%) decrease in gaba receptor-mediated chloride ion flux as measured by muscimol-stimulated 36cl- uptake in synaptoneurosomes was found in the cerebral cortices of rats that failed the shuttlebox task as compared to naive cont ... | 1989 | 2546650 |
| the relationship of benzodiazepine binding sites to the norepinephrine projection in the hypothalamus of the adult rat. | the relationship of benzodiazepine binding sites to noradrenergic terminals in different brain regions of adult rats was evaluated. the in vitro addition of 10(-5) m diazepam (dz) significantly reduced the depolarization-induced release of [3h]norepinephrine (ne) in the hypothalamus, while no effect was observed in the cerebellum, suggesting that dz may act directly on ne terminals in the hypothalamus. the action of dz in the hypothalamus was blocked either by co-incubation with the benzodiazepi ... | 1989 | 2546655 |
| electrophysiological characteristics of neurons in neocortical explant cultures. | we examined the electrophysiological and morphological properties of neocortical neurons maintained in explant cultures prepared from the parietal cortex of newborn sprague-dawley rats. after 3-6 weeks in vitro, cultures showed regional differences in cellular density reminiscent of cortical layering, and an abundance of axonal processes. pyramidal-shaped neurons with spinous dendrites were the dominant elements revealed by lucifer yellow injections. intracellular recordings revealed that many e ... | 1989 | 2546787 |
| characterization of hormone-sensitive adenylate cyclase in rabbit gallbladder mucosa. | 1. we have developed a plasma membrane preparation from the mucosal epithelium of rabbit gallbladder and have characterized the hormonal sensitivity of adenylate cyclase in this preparation. 2. basal activity is low and is stimulated by gtp and gppnhp. hormonal stimulation is largely dependent on exogenous guanine nucleotide. 3. several prostaglandins (e1 approximately e2 greater than a1 greater than b1), vasoactive intestinal peptide and the beta-adrenergic agonist, isoproterenol, stimulate muc ... | 1989 | 2546833 |
| hypoglycaemia induced by antibodies to insulin receptor following a bone marrow transplantation in an immunodeficient child. | severe hypoglycaemia developed seven months after a bone marrow transplantation in a child with severe combined immunodeficiency. his serum exerted potent insulin-like activity: (a) it stimulated insulin receptor autophosphorylation and kinase activity in cell-free systems, this effect being additive to insulin; (b) it increased glucose transport in isolated soleus muscle. these insulin-like effects were due to immunoglobulins against the insulin receptor. indeed, the patient serum immunoprecipi ... | 1989 | 2546845 |
| the effects of some possible inhibitors of ectonucleotidases on the breakdown and pharmacological effects of atp in the guinea-pig urinary bladder. | 1. the effects of some possible inhibitors of ectonucleotidases on the breakdown of extracellular atp by strips of guinea-pig urinary bladder were investigated. 2. suramin and ethacrynic acid (10 mm) both inhibited atp breakdown significantly, and difluorodinitrobenzene (10 mm) inhibited it slightly whereas n-ethylmaleimide, adenosine 5'-(gamma-thiotriphosphate) (atp-gamma-s) and reactive blue-2 (10 mm) were without effect. 3. the inhibitory effects of suramin on atp breakdown were non-competiti ... | 1989 | 2546853 |
| does dietary fibre stimulate intestinal epithelial cell proliferation in germ free rats? | the aim of the present experiment was to investigate the role of hind gut fermentation in the proliferative response of the intestinal epithelium to dietary fibre. we have previously shown that refeeding starved rats with an elemental diet supplemented with fermentable dietary fibre (but not inert bulk) is capable of stimulating intestinal epithelial cell proliferation throughout the gastrointestinal tract. three groups of 10 germ free (gf) rats and three groups of 10 conventional (cv) rats, wer ... | 1989 | 2546871 |
| hypoxic changes in hippocampal neurons. | 1. reversible effects of brief periods of anoxia (replacing 95% o2-5% co2 with 95% n2-5% co2 for 2-4 min) were studied in ca1 neurons in hippocampal slices (from sprague-dawley rats), kept in an interface-type chamber at 33.5 degree. 2. the predominant voltage change during anoxia (n2) was a hyperpolarization, accompanied by a marked fall in resistance and excitability; synaptic potentials were also depressed, especially inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (ipsps). 3. in voltage-current (v-i) plo ... | 1989 | 2547034 |
| interleukin-1 induction by lipopolysaccharides: structural requirements of the 3-deoxy-d-manno-2-octulosonic acid (kdo). | we previously showed the importance of the 3-deoxy-d-manno-2-octulosonic acid (kdo) residue in endotoxins (lipopolysaccharides, lps) for the induction of the synthesis and release of interleukin-1 (il-1) by human monocytes. we further investigated the effect of some structural variations within the kdo molecule on il-1 production induced by lps. deamination of bordetella pertussis lps, followed by mild anhydrous acidic methanolysis released a hexasaccharide (fragment b'), which had a terminal me ... | 1989 | 2549403 |
| cloning and characterization of mutl and muts genes of vibrio cholerae: nucleotide sequence of the mutl gene. | the mutl and muts genes of vibrio cholerae have been identified using interspecific complementation of escherichia coli mutl and muts mutants with plasmids containing the gene bank of v. cholerae. the recombinant plasmid pjt470, containing a 4.7 kb fragment of v. cholerae dna codes for a protein of molecular weight 92,000. the product of this gene reduces the spontaneous mutation frequency of the e. coli muts mutant. the plasmid, designated pjt250, containing a 2.5 kb dna fragment of v. cholerae ... | 1989 | 2549510 |
| comparison of human, simian, and bovine rotaviruses for requirement of sialic acid in hemagglutination and cell adsorption. | human rotaviruses (wa, kun, mo) showed hemagglutination (ha) only with fixed 1-day-old chicken erythrocytes, and their ha activities were completely destroyed by trypsin activation of virions. simian sa-11 and bovine ncdv had ha activities not only against fixed erythrocytes but also against fresh erythrocytes from various species. their ha activities against fixed erythrocytes were also inhibited by trypsin activation, but those against fresh erythrocytes were not. neuraminidase treatment of fi ... | 1989 | 2549710 |
| mapping of chromosomal loci associated with lipopolysaccharide synthesis and serotype specificity in vibrio cholerae 01 by transposon mutagenesis using tn5 and tn2680. | vibrio cholerae strains of the 01 serotype have been classified into three subclasses, ogawa, inaba and hikojima, which are associated with the o-antigen of the lipopolysaccharide (lps). the dna encoding the biosynthesis of the o-antigen, the rfb locus, has been cloned and analysed (manning et al. 1986; ward et al. 1987). transposon mutagenesis of the inaba and ogawa strains of v. cholerae, using tn5 or tn2680 allowed the isolation of a series of independent mutants in each of these serotypes. s ... | 1989 | 2550772 |
| effects of chronic antidepressant and benzodiazepine treatment on corticotropin-releasing-factor receptors in rat brain and pituitary. | we examined the effects of chronic treatment with antidepressants (imipramine or desipramine) or benzodiazepines (diazepam, alprazolam, or adinazolam) on modulation of corticotropin-releasing-factor (crf) receptors in discrete areas of rat brain and in anterior pituitary. as previously reported, we found that chronic antidepressant treatment downregulated 5-ht2 serotonin and beta-adrenergic receptors in cerebral cortex. although there was a trend toward increased crf binding in brain stem, stria ... | 1989 | 2553044 |
| [clinical and biological aspects of intensive chemotherapy with autologous bone marrow grafts in small-cell bronchial cancer]. | small cell lung cancer (sclc) is a frequent and aggressive tumor characterized by its major sensitivity to chemotherapy since 80% of the patients respond dramatically to the treatment. nevertheless, the majority of them eventually die from their cancer. we have addressed the effect of late intensification with autologous bone marrow transplantation on sclc through a randomized clinical trial. this study included 101 patients, 45 of whom could be randomized to either conventional post-induction t ... | 1989 | 2553180 |
| transcription terminates near the poly(a) site in the cyc1 gene of the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. | a 38-base-pair region required for normal cyc1 mrna 3' end formation in saccharomyces cerevisiae was shown to be necessary for the termination of transcription in vivo by examining the stability of cen3 plasmids. cen3 plasmids were stably maintained during vegetative growth, unless a gal1 transcript impinged on the cen3 region. transcription from the gal1 promoter was terminated, and plasmid stability was restored by the insertion of a fragment containing the 38-base-pair region of cyc1. in cont ... | 1989 | 2554310 |
| molecular cloning and sequence of cdna encoding polyoma medium tumor antigen-associated 61-kda protein. | polyoma virus medium tumor antigen forms specific complexes with several cellular proteins; among these is a protein of approximately 61 kda. with antibodies directed against medium tumor antigen, the 61-kda protein was purified from human 293 cells that were infected with a hybrid adenovirus and overexpressed medium tumor antigen. the purified 61-kda protein was partially digested with protease v8, and one of the protease v8 fragments was isolated and partially sequenced. the amino acid sequenc ... | 1989 | 2554323 |
| effects of repeated trazodone administrations on serotonergic neurotransmission: biochemical studies. | 1. repeated administrations of trazodone as well as imipramine or mianserin (10 mg/kg i.p. twice daily for 3 weeks) attenuated the norepinephrine (ne) stimulation of adenylate cyclase studied in brain minces. therefore trazodone shares with "tricyclic" (imipramine) and "atypic" (mianserin) antidepressants the capability to modulate the beta-adrenergic function. 2. daily treatments with imipramine or trazodone enhanced the vmax of neural uptake of serotonin (5ht) in minces prepared from rat front ... | 1989 | 2554363 |
| [respiratory viral infections in young children 1985-1988]. | in the period from may 1985 to june 1988 the authors (using the immunofluorescence method) examined 848 children aged 0-2 years hospitalized due to infections of respiratory tracts in the ii clinic of pediatrics of the pediatrics department of the ii medical faculty in the medical academy in warsaw. the most frequent causes of infections in respiratory tracts were virus rs (21.1% of patients) and virus of parainfluenza type 3 (6.5% of patients). an increase in viral respiratory infections took p ... | 1989 | 2554369 |
| p53: a frequent target for genetic abnormalities in lung cancer. | allele loss is a hallmark of chromosome regions harboring recessive oncogenes. lung cancer frequently demonstrates loss of heterozygosity on 17p. recent evidence suggests that the p53 gene located on 17p13 has many features of such an antioncogene. the p53 gene was frequently mutated or inactivated in all types of human lung cancer. the genetic abnormalities of p53 include gross changes such as homozygous deletions and abnormally sized messenger rnas along with a variety of point or small mutati ... | 1989 | 2554494 |
| expression of avian reticuloendotheliosis virus envelope confers host resistance. | we constructed two reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) envelope gene expression plasmids, one containing the rev-a envelope gene, the other the spleen necrosis virus (snv) envelope gene. cell lines were generated by transfecting each of the rev envelope plasmids into d17 cells, a canine cell line. the levels of rev envelope glycoprotein in the cell lines were assayed by immunoprecipitating the envelope glycoproteins from lysates of cells that were labeled with [35s]methionine. virological challeng ... | 1989 | 2554569 |
| age-related changes in k+ transport and synaptic transmission during and after anoxia in rat hippocampal slices. | | 1989 | 2554681 |
| hydrophobic calcium channel ligands: methodical problems and their solution. | niguldipine is a 1,4-dihydropyridine derivative that combines l-type ca2+ channel-blocking effects and alpha 1-adrenolytic activity within a single molecule, exemplifying a novel approach in the treatment of hypertension. as niguldipine is a very hydrophobic compound, it (1) readily adsorbs to surfaces of the plastic-ware often used in radioligand binding assays and (2) partitions into the hydrophobic membrane compartments. both phenomena decrease the actual free drug concentration in radioligan ... | 1989 | 2554713 |
| prediction of 'high-risk' cervical papillomavirus infection by biopsy morphology. | certain human papillomavirus (hpv) types (such as type 16) have been linked to high-grade precancers and invasive carcinomas of the cervix. however, the accuracy with which morphologic characteristics will predict the presence and type of hpv infection is controversial. three pathologists independently classified 102 consecutive cervical biopsies with the use of specific criteria and correlated their findings with the presence of hpv 11, 16, and 18 rna sequences by in situ hybridization. based o ... | 1989 | 2554717 |
| comparison of four latex agglutination (la) and three enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisa) for the detection of rotavirus in fecal specimens. | eighty-two stool specimens obtained from children with gastrointestinal disease were tested for the presence of antigen to rotavirus by latex agglutination (la) (virogen (vr), meritec (mer), wellcome (wel), slidex rotatest (srt), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (rotaclone [trc], rotazyme ii [rtz], pathfinder [pth]). confirmatory testing was performed by isolation of rotavirus from stool specimens with the use of a shell vial centrifugation, antigen-detection tissue culture amplification m ... | 1989 | 2554719 |
| antiviral drugs in pediatrics. | pediatricians are made familiar with antiviral drugs and are provided with specific recommendations for treatment of viral diseases. the antiviral drugs in clinical use today are discussed in terms of their doses, routes of administration, mechanisms of action, established and potential efficacies, and toxicities. these drugs include acyclovir, amantadine, trisodium phosphonoformate, ganciclovir, ribavirin, rimantadine, vidarabine, and zidovudine. biologic response modifiers, such as interferons ... | 1989 | 2554721 |
| intrahepatic cholesterol stones associated with peripheral cholangiocellular carcinoma: an autopsy case. | a rare autopsy case of intrahepatic cholesterol stones associated with peripheral intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma is presented. the patient, a 60-yr-old man, was diagnosed as having peritoneal dissemination of adenocarcinoma, and died of respiratory failure 4 months later. at autopsy, intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma was found at the left lateral segment of the liver. the cancer was extensively disseminated to the peritoneal cavity. in addition, the liver harbored a cholesterol ... | 1989 | 2554723 |
| in vitro pharmacological properties of a series of isoprenaline derivatives. | the p-trifluoromethylanilide congener of isoprenaline, tert-butyl n-[(s)[( 4-[(r)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-2- hydroxyethyl]amino]heptanamido]phenyl]methyl][(n-methylcarbamoy l) methyl]carbamoyl]methyl]carbamate (1s,4r)-4,7,7-trimethyl-3-oxo-2- oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-1-carboxylate (1:1) (ro 17-2218) was investigated for its effects in various pharmacological tests in vitro and compared to the parent compound. as ro 17-2218 represented a mixture of four diastereomers, the pure isomers were synt ... | 1989 | 2554933 |
| developmental changes in guanine nucleotide regulatory proteins in the rat myocardial alpha 1-adrenergic receptor complex. | during development, the cardiac alpha 1-adrenergic chronotropic response changes from positive in the neonate to negative in the adult. the negative chronotropic effect of alpha 1-adrenergic stimulation in the adult depends on maturation of sympathetic innervation and the presence of a pertussis toxin (pt)-sensitive guanine nucleotide-binding (g) protein. to examine the possibility of a developmental change in coupling of a pt-sensitive g protein to the alpha 1-adrenergic receptor, radioligand b ... | 1989 | 2555081 |
| angiotensin ii modulates cardiac na+ channels in neonatal rat. | since chronic congestive heart failure syndromes are associated with both elevated circulating levels of angiotensin ii and potentially lethal ventricular tachyarrhythmias, we investigated the effect of angiotensin ii on voltage-dependent cardiac na+ currents. single-channel na+ currents in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes were studied using the patch clamp method in the cell-attached mode. angiotensin ii applied outside the patch increased the frequency of opening and rates of activation and i ... | 1989 | 2555083 |
| suppression of calcium current in a snail neurone by eperisone and its analogues. | the effects of eperisone, tolperisone and isoperisone on the calcium current (ica) were studied in an identified neurone of achatina fulica under voltage clamping. at a holding voltage of -50 mv, these drugs inhibited ica dose dependently without affecting activation time. eperisone (ic50 = 0.348 mm) and isoperisone (0.226 mm) were significantly more effective than tolperisone (1.089 mm). eperisone binds competitively with ca2+ to the ca2+ channels, based on its effects seen with various extrace ... | 1989 | 2555204 |
| free radicals and lipid peroxidation in liver of rats kept on a diet devoid of choline. | rodents kept on a choline devoid (cd) diet up to 14 months develop hepatic lesions progressing through two broad stages. the first is characterized by severe steatosis and increase in cell turnover, the second by a gradual clearance of the deposited fat and fibrosis. hepatocellular carcinomas eventually arise in rats fed for over 12 months, even though the animals aer not exposed to chemical carcinogens. it has been suggested that the diet may trigger generated thereby may be responsible for ini ... | 1989 | 2555277 |
| effect of glucocorticoids and limiting nursing on the carbohydrate digestive capacity and growth rate of piglets. | the influence of glucocorticoid administration and limited nursing on piglet carbohydrase enzyme development and subsequent growth was examined in three experiments using 371 piglets. treatments in the first two experiments were formed by the factorial arrangement of hydrocortisone (-hyd or +hyd) and limited nursing (-ln or +ln) imposed form d 14 to weaning (d 28). hydrocortisone was replaced by adrenocorticotropic hormone (acth) in the third experiment. growth rates were severely depressed by h ... | 1989 | 2556355 |
| isolation and characterization of a putative collagen receptor from staphylococcus aureus strain cowan 1. | in a previous study we demonstrated that cells of staphylococcus aureus strain cowan bind 125i-collagen in a receptor-ligand type of interaction (speziale, p., raucci, g., visai, l., switalski, l.m., timpl, r., and höök, m. (1986) j. bacteriol. 167, 77-81). in the present communication we report on the isolation and preliminary characterization of a putative collagen receptor from a lysate of s. aureus strain cowan. antibodies raised against a collagen receptor positive strain inhibit the bindin ... | 1989 | 2556392 |
| destabilization of herpes simplex virus type 1 virions by local anesthetics, alkaline ph, and calcium depletion. | the infectivity of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) was found to be markedly reduced by treating virions with the tertiary amine local anesthetics lidocaine, dibucaine and tetracaine. these treatments induced a characteristic shift in the buoyant density of the hsv-1 particles from a "light" to a "heavy" population. hsv-1 virions were unstable at alkaline ph, and alkali treatment caused the same shift in buoyant density. ca2+ stabilized the "light" population. these results suggest that the p ... | 1989 | 2556981 |
| the site of bluetongue virus attachment to glycophorins from a number of animal erythrocytes. | bluetongue virus (btv) was shown to agglutinate human, ovine and porcine erythrocytes. removal of neuraminic acid (na) from erythrocytes by vibrio cholerae neuraminidase prevented their agglutination. haemagglutination was also inhibited by n-acetyl neuraminic acid (nana), n-glycol neuraminic acid (ngna) and n-acetyl neuramin-lactose. the ability of btv to agglutinate trypsin-treated human erythrocytes, which lack the amino-terminal domain and the single n-linked oligosaccharide of glycophorin a ... | 1989 | 2558161 |
| families of bacterial signal-transducing proteins. | bacteria can respond to a variety of environmental stimuli by means of systems generally composed of two proteins. the first protein (sensor or transmitter) is usually a transmembrane protein with cytoplasmic and extracytoplasmic domains. the extracytoplasmic domain (sensor) senses the environment and transfers the signal through the transmembrane domain to the cytoplasmic domain (transmitter), which has kinase activity. the second protein is located in the cytoplasm and contains an amino-termin ... | 1989 | 2559300 |
| [acute maternal anterior poliomyelitis in a non-endemic zone]. | the authors report the case of a 26 year old woman with acute anterior poliomyelitis contracted during the vaccination of her baby. despite having been herself vaccinated in infancy she was not protected against the poliovirus. the clinical interest of this uncommon case is a severe paralytic state with definitive paraplegia. the authors suggest serologic testing of patients born before 1967 especially if they are at risk of encountering the virus. | 1989 | 2561040 |
| concept of the existence of human papillomavirus (hpv) dna in histologically normal squamous epithelium of the genital tract should be re-evaluated. | because of the crucial importance of guiding current thinking in the field of hpv epidemiology, the concept of the existence of hpv dna in histologically normal squamous epithelium was re-evaluated. a series of 102 randomly collected cervical punch biopsies, previously proved to contain the dna of hpv types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31 or 33 by in situ hybridization were subjected to analysis for the localization of hpv dna, i.e., whether found in the normal epithelium or at the lesion site only. this mate ... | 1989 | 2561041 |
| effects of trh on the immune system of newborn rats. | | 1989 | 2561202 |
| successful bridge to transplant under extreme conditions: implanting left ventricular assist device in intensive care unit during heart massage. | | 1989 | 2562142 |
| conserved sequences in bacterial and viral sialidases. | the genes of the bacterial sialidases from clostridium sordellii g12, c. perfringens a99, salmonella typhimurium lt-2 and vibrio cholerae 395 sequenced so far were examined for homologies and were compared with sequences of viral sialidases. each of the bacterial sialidases contains a short sequence of twelve amino-acids, which is repeated at four positions in the protein. all these sequences exhibit significant similarities. comparing the repeated sequences of the four sialidases, five amino-ac ... | 1989 | 2562507 |
| effects of in vivo neuraminidase on the regulation of erythropoiesis. ii: modulation of erythroid colony formation by thymic regulatory cells. | effects of the enzyme vibrio-cholerae neuraminidase (vcn) on the marrow-derived erythropoietic progenitor cfu-e and thymic regulatory cells were examined in vitro 1 and 24 h after i.v. injection of the enzyme. an in vivo enzymatic modification of bone marrow and thymic helper regulatory cell function occurs within 1 h after i.v. injection of vcn and results in suppression of both cfu-e colony formation and thymic helper cell function. these inhibitory effects of neuraminidase, however, are no lo ... | 1989 | 2563245 |
| effects of neuraminidase on the regulation of erythropoiesis: iii: characterization of carbohydrate moieties on the surface of thymic regulatory cells that interact with erythroid colony-forming cells. | in this study we further define cell surface carbohydrate structures relevant to cellular interactions that regulate erythropoiesis. an analysis of thymocyte cell surface negativity was made using fluoresceinated poly-l-ornithine (fitc poly-l-ornithine) as a probe that binds to negatively charged sites (i.e., sialic acid residues) at the cell surface. two distinct subpopulations are labeled, comprising both intensely as well as weakly fluorescent subpopulations of thymocytes. prior treatment of ... | 1989 | 2565244 |
| cholera and contagion. | | 1989 | 2565470 |
| in-vivo effects of (e)-2-(3',4'-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-fluoroallylamine (mdl 72145) on amine oxidase activities in the rat. selective inhibition of semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase in vascular and brown adipose tissues. | one hour after mdl 72145 ((e)-2-(3',4'-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-fluoroallylamine) (2.5 mg kg-1) was given by intraperitoneal injection, the semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (ssao) activity of rat aorta and brown adipose tissue measured in-vitro was reduced by more than 95% of its control value, whereas the monoamine oxidase (mao-a) activity remained virtually unaffected. the action of this drug on amine oxidases in the liver at this dose was less selective. the in-vitro effect of mdl 72145 on the ... | 1989 | 2565962 |
| low frequency of erythromycin-resistant streptococcus pneumoniae in the netherlands. | | 1989 | 2566090 |
| pharmacokinetic study of iminodibenzyl antipsychotic drugs, clocapramine and y-516 in dog and man. | the pharmacokinetic properties of the iminodibenzyl antipsychotic drugs clocapramine (ccp, 3-chloro-5-[3-(4-carbamoyl-4-piperidino piperidino) propyl]-10, 11-dihydro-5h-dibenzo[b, f]azepine) and y-516 (3-chloro-5-[3-(2-oxo-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 8a-octahydroimidazo [1,2-a] pyridine-3-spiro-4'-piperidino) propyl]-10, 11-dihydro-5h-dibenzo[b, f]azepine) were investigated in dog and man. dogs were administered ccp and y-516 intravenously, intraperitoneally, and orally, and the concentrations of the p ... | 1989 | 2566185 |
| seasonal population changes and malaria transmission potential of anopheles pharoensis and the minor anophelines in mwea irrigation scheme, kenya. | a study in 1984 and 1985 showed that anopheles gambiae s.l. and an. pharoensis were the major anophelines in mwea irrigation scheme, kenya, constituting 83.86% and 15.69% of the catch respectively. four minor species made up the remaining 0.45%. the irrigation phase of the rice cultivation cycle in august, which linked the flooding effects of the two rainy seasons, resulted in major population increases of an. pharoensis and enabled continuous breeding for up to 9 months per year. the average of ... | 1989 | 2566271 |
| effects of dopamine receptor activation on the level of cyclic amp in the trabecular meshwork. | we examined the effects of dopamine and of a selective da1 agonist, fenoldopam, on the levels of cyclic amp in the trabecular meshwork, freshly excised from porcine and canine eyes. as measured by radioimmunoassay, fenoldopam at a concentration of 10(-5) m caused a 4-fold increase in the cyclic amp content, from a basal level of 24.4 +/- 1.9 to 101.8 +/- 6.3 pmol/mg protein, of the trabecular meshwork samples from porcine eyes. in tissue samples from canine eyes, fenoldopam at a concentration of ... | 1989 | 2567286 |
| pili of vibrio cholerae o1 biotype e1 tor: a comparative study on adhesive and non-adhesive strains. | pili were found on the cell surface of non-adhesive vibrio cholerae o1 biotype e1 tor as well as the adhesive strain. purified pili of the adhesive and non-adhesive strains were morphologically, electrophoretically, and immunologically, indistinguishable from each other. the molecular weights of both pilin (subunit protein of the pilus) were about 16,000 daltons as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. these 16 kda pili are different from the pilus colonization ... | 1989 | 2567485 |
| simultaneous outbreaks of contrasting drug resistant classic and el tor vibrio cholerae o1 in bangladesh. | | 1989 | 2569589 |
| cloning and structural characterization of the genes coding for adenosylcobalamin-dependent methylmalonyl-coa mutase from propionibacterium shermanii. | the structural genes coding for both subunits of adenosylcobalamin-dependent methylmalonyl-coa mutase from the gram-positive bacterium propionibacterium shermanii have been cloned, with the use of synthetic oligonucleotides as primary hybridization probes. the genes are closely linked and are transcribed in the same direction. nucleotide sequence analysis of 4.5 kb of dna encompassing both genes allowed us to infer the complete amino acid sequence of the two subunits: the beta-subunit is the pro ... | 1989 | 2569861 |
| syntheses of the metabolites of 1-(2-ethoxyethyl)-2-(hexahydro-4-methyl-1h-1,4-diazepin-1-yl)-1h benzimidazole difumarate (kg-2413) and related compounds. | the metabolites of 1-(2-ethoxyethyl)-2-(hexahydro-4-methyl-1h-1,4-diazepin-1-yl)-1h-b enzimidazole difumarate (kg-2413), which has a potent h1-antihistaminic activity, were predicted on the basis of metabolic studies of related compounds and were synthesized to aid in identification of the actual metabolites and for examination of their antihistaminic activity. among the twelve compounds prepared, nine compounds were actually found as the metabolites of kg-2413 in rat urine. the antihistaminic a ... | 1989 | 2569942 |
| molecular epidemiology of vibrio cholerae in hong kong. | we studied restriction fragment length polymorphism of the enterotoxin genes of isolates of vibrio cholerae el tor, indistinguishable by bacteriophage typing, which were collected in hong kong since 1978. using this approach, we could distinguish indigenous and exogenous strains obtained from different sources and epidemiological settings. | 1989 | 2570082 |
| guidelines for the prevention and control of nosocomial h.i.v. infections. the hospital infection control group of thailand. | | 1989 | 2570116 |
| gut perforation after infection with herpes simplex virus and epstein-barr virus. | | 1989 | 2570271 |
| campylobacter pylori, gastrin, acid secretion, and duodenal ulcers. | | 1989 | 2570297 |