| xylanase production by burkholderia sp. dmax strain under solid state fermentation using distillery spent wash. | xylanase production by a newly isolated strain of burkholderia sp. was studied under solid state fermentation using anaerobically treated distillery spent wash. response surface methodology (rsm) involving box-behnken design was employed for optimizing xylanase production. the interactions between distillery effluent concentration, initial ph, moisture ratio and inoculum size were investigated and modeled. under optimized conditions, xylanase production was found to be in the range of 5200-5600 ... | 2008 | 18374565 |
| enhanced biodegradation of anthracene in acidic soil by inoculated burkholderia sp. vun10013. | the ability of burkholderia sp. vun10013 to degrade anthracene in microcosms of two acidic thai soils was studied. the addition of burkholderia sp. vun10013 (initial concentration of 10(5) cells g(-1) dry soil) to autoclaved soil collected from the plew district, chanthaburi province, thailand, supplemented with anthracene (50 mg kg(-1) dry soil) resulted in complete degradation of the added anthracene within 20 days. in contrast, under the same test conditions but using autoclaved soil collecte ... | 2008 | 18379840 |
| transgenic tomato plants alter quorum sensing in plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. | two gram-negative, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (pgprs), denominated as m12 and m14, were classified by 16s rdna sequencing as burkholderia graminis species. both strains were shown to produce a variety of n-acyl-homoserine lactone (ahl) quorum sensing (qs) signalling molecules. the involvement of these molecules in plant growth promotion and the induction of protection against salt stress was examined. ahl production was evaluated in vitro by thin-layer chromatography using ahl biosenso ... | 2008 | 18384507 |
| recovery of a burkholderia thailandensis-like isolate from an australian water source. | burkholderia thailandensis, a close relative of burkholderia pseudomallei, has previously been reported only from southeast asia and north america. it is biochemically differentiated from b. pseudomallei by the ability to utilize arabinose. during the course of environmental sampling for b. pseudomallei in the northern territory of australia, an isolate, msmb 43, was recovered that is arabinose positive. | 2008 | 18384685 |
| expanded range of burkholderia species in australia. | this study describes the isolation and characterization of several burkholderia species from soil in northern australia. phenotypic and molecular tests indicate that these isolates belong to the species burkholderia thailandensis and burkholderia ubonensis. these observations significantly extend our knowledge of the geographic distribution of these 2 species. evidence of these species in australia has implications for bacterial identification in clinical laboratories, diagnostic serology tests, ... | 2008 | 18385355 |
| molecular analysis of phenol-degrading microbial strains. | in an attempt to estimate the occurrence of phenol hydroxylase-related gene sequences we performed a dot blot hybridization assay with dna from phenol utilizing trichosporon cutaneum r57 strain nbimcc 2414 and microbial isolates from different wastewaters. the used oligonucletides were homologous to the 5'-end of torphd locus (ncbi)-coding phenol hydroxylase in trichosporon cutaneum atcc 46490 and to the 5'-end of torccmle locus (ncbi)-coding cis,cis-muconate-lactonizing enzyme in trichosporon c ... | 2008 | 18386502 |
| combined x-ray diffraction and qm/mm study of the burkholderia cepacia lipase-catalyzed secondary alcohol esterification. | to understand the origin of high enantioselectivity of burkholderia cepacia lipase (bcl) toward secondary alcohol, (r,s)-1-phenoxy-2-hydroxybutane (1), and its ester (e1), we determined the crystal structure of bcl complexed with phosphonate analogue of s-e1 and accomplished a series of mm, mc, and qm/mm studies. we have found that the inhibitor in the s configuration binds into the bcl active site in the same manner as the r isomer, with an important difference: while in case of the r-inhibitor ... | 2008 | 18386861 |
| endophthalmitis: potential benefits of repeated intravitreal injections of antibiotics. | | 2008 | 18387965 |
| detection of recombinant pseudomonas putida in the wheat rhizosphere by fluorescence in situ hybridization targeting mrna and rrna. | a method was developed to detect a specific strain of bacteria in wheat root rhizoplane using fluorescence in situ hybridization and confocal microscopy. probes targeting both 23s rrna and messenger rna were used simultaneously to achieve detection of recombinant pseudomonas putida (tom20) expressing toluene o-monooxygenase (tom) genes and synthetic phytochelatin (ec20). the probe specific to p. putida 23s rrna sequences was labeled with cy3 fluor, and the probe specific to the tom genes was lab ... | 2008 | 18389235 |
| genome-wide prediction and annotation of burkholderia pseudomallei arac/xyls family transcription regulator. | many members of the arac/xyls family transcription regulator have been proven to play a critical role in regulating bacterial virulence factors in response to environmental stress. by using the hidden markov model (hmm) profile built from the alignment of a 99 amino acid conserved domain sequence of 273 arac/xyls family transcription regulators, we detected a total of 45 arac/xyls family transcription regulators in the genome of the gram-negative pathogen, burkholderia pseudomallei. further in s ... | 2007 | 18391231 |
| practical considerations for the analysis of ionic and neutral organic molecules with capillary electrophoresis/mass spectrometry. | this chapter presents the technique of capillary electrophoresis coupled to mass spectrometry (ce/ms). the introductory section is targeted mainly at ce/ms beginners and notes briefly the theoretical background of electrospray ionization (esi), the most commonly used ionization mode in ce/ms. the specifics of ce/ms are described--also in comparison with more classic methods like lc/ms. important caveats to be taken into consideration for successful ce/ms operation are noted in the interest of av ... | 2008 | 18392569 |
| listeria comet tails: the actin-based motility machinery at work. | listeria monocytogenes is a master of mimicry that uses the host cell actin system both to move within the cytoplasm of infected cells and for cell-to-cell spread. recent studies of listeria and similarly acting pathogens have generated leaps in our understanding of the actin-based force producing machinery. this machinery is essential for most motile properties of cells, not least for cell migration. in a minimal configuration, it consists of the arp2/3-complex, ena-vasp proteins, cofilin, capp ... | 2008 | 18396046 |
| affinity-based isolation of a bacterial lipase through steric chaperone interactions. | lipases are important as additives in detergent formulations but their biocatalytic potential is increasingly exploited in the synthesis of high-added value chemicals, in fine-chemical production and in the pharmaceutical industry. traditionally, conventional purification schemes comprise several chromatographic steps. here we report a new purification procedure of the lipase (lipa) that is endogenously secreted by the gram-negative bacterium burkholderia glumae. this affinity purification combi ... | 2008 | 18397833 |
| inactivation of [fe-s] metalloproteins mediates nitric oxide-dependent killing of burkholderia mallei. | much remains to be known about the mechanisms by which o(2)-dependent host defenses mediate broad antimicrobial activity. | 2008 | 18398486 |
| powder formulation of burkholderia cepacia for control of rape seed damping-off caused by rhizoctonia solani. | talc-based formulation of burkholderia cepaci strain bu1 was tested as seed and soil drenchs separately for its ability to control rhizoctonia soloni the causal agent of rape seed damping-off in greenhouse and field trials. in general, the formulated bacteria was more effective to suppress the disease than the suspension of bacteria cells in carboxymethylcellulose solution (1% w/v), in both greenhouse and field trials. the formulation of strain bul as soil and seed treatments had the greatest ef ... | 2007 | 18399433 |
| lack of evidence of endosymbiotic toxin-producing bacteria in clinical rhizopus isolates. | infections by rhizopus spp. account for about 90% of zygomycoses, many of which are lethal in immunocompromised patients. we recently noted that several strains of rhizopus microsporus harbour rare bacterial endosymbionts (burkholderia sp.) for the production of 'mycotoxins', which might play a role as virulence factors in human rhizopus infections. in this study eight clinical rhizopus spp. isolates have been investigated for the presence of toxin-producing bacterial endosymbionts. by metabolom ... | 2008 | 18399908 |
| a plant pathogen virulence factor inhibits the eukaryotic proteasome by a novel mechanism. | pathogenic bacteria often use effector molecules to increase virulence. in most cases, the mode of action of effectors remains unknown. strains of pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae (pss) secrete syringolin a (syla), a product of a mixed non-ribosomal peptide/polyketide synthetase, in planta. here we identify syla as a virulence factor because a syla-negative mutant in pss strain b728a obtained by gene disruption was markedly less virulent on its host, phaseolus vulgaris (bean). we show that syla ... | 2008 | 18401409 |
| enantiopure 1,5-diols from dynamic kinetic asymmetric transformation. useful synthetic intermediates for the preparation of chiral heterocycles. | dynamic kinetic asymmetric transformation (dykat) of a series of 1,5-diols has been performed in the presence of candida antarctica lipase b (calb), pseudomonas cepacia lipase ii (ps-c ii), and ruthenium catalyst 4. the resulting optically pure 1,5-diacetates are useful synthetic intermediates, which was demonstrated by the syntheses of both an enantiopure 2,6-disubstituted piperidine and an enantiopure 3,5-disubstituted morpholine. | 2008 | 18402460 |
| clinical outcome following lung transplantation in patients with cystic fibrosis colonised with burkholderia cepacia complex: results from two french centres. | infection with burkholderia cepacia complex (bcc) is a life threatening complication of cystic fibrosis (cf), often seen as a contraindication for lung transplantation. | 2008 | 18408050 |
| a structure-controlled investigation of lipase enantioselectivity by a path-planning approach. | a novel approach based on efficient path-planning algorithms was applied to investigate the influence of substrate access on burkholderia cepacia lipase enantioselectivity. the system studied was the transesterification of 2-substituted racemic acid derivatives catalysed by b. cepacia lipase. in silico data provided by this approach showed a fair qualitative agreement with experimental results, and hence the potential of this computational method for fast screening of racemates. in addition, a c ... | 2008 | 18418817 |
| interleukin-8 induction by burkholderia pseudomallei can occur without toll-like receptor signaling but requires a functional type iii secretion system. | burkholderia pseudomallei is the causative agent of melioidosis, an infectious disease that can result in asymptomatic, chronic, or acute illness. in acute melioidosis, high levels of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines are found in organs and blood, and neutrophils play a key role in controlling the infection. we showed that b. pseudomallei activates nf-kappab via toll-like receptor (tlr) 2, tlr4, and tlr5 but can also activate nf-kappab and induce interleukin (il)-8 without involving tlrs ... | 2008 | 18419546 |
| selection of bacterial populations in the mycosphere of laccaria proxima: is type iii secretion involved? | the bacterial communities in the laccaria proxima mycosphere (soil from beneath fruiting bodies) and the corresponding bulk soil were compared by cultivation-dependent and cultivation-independent methods. to assess the distribution of type iii secretion systems (ttss), a pcr-based system for the broad detection of a highly conserved gene involved in ttss, that is hrcr, was developed and used to assay the cultured bacteria from the l. proxima mycosphere and surrounding bulk soil. pcr-dgge based o ... | 2008 | 18421258 |
| genomic analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degradation in mycobacterium vanbaalenii pyr-1. | mycobacterium vanbaalenii pyr-1 is well known for its ability to degrade a wide range of high-molecular-weight (hmw) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs). the genome of this bacterium has recently been sequenced, allowing us to gain insights into the molecular basis for the degradation of pahs. the 6.5 mb genome of pyr-1 contains 194 chromosomally encoded genes likely associated with degradation of aromatic compounds. the most distinctive feature of the genome is the presence of a 150 kb majo ... | 2008 | 18421421 |
| diversity and occurrence of burkholderia spp. in the natural environment. | both in natural and in managed ecosystems, bacteria are common inhabitants of the phytosphere and the internal tissues of plants. probably the most diverse and environmentally adaptable plant-associated bacteria belong to the genus burkholderia. this genus is well-known for its human, animal and plant pathogenic members, including the burkholderia cepacia complex. however, it also contains species and strains that are beneficial to plants and can be potentially exploited in biotechnological proc ... | 2008 | 18422616 |
| biphenyl dioxygenase from an arctic isolate is not cold adapted. | biphenyl dioxygenase from the psychrotolerant bacterium pseudomonas sp. strain cam-1 (bpdo(cam-1)) was purified and found to have an apparent k(cat) for biphenyl of 1.1 +/- 0.1 s(-1) (mean +/- standard deviation) at 4 degrees c. in contrast, bpdo(lb400) from the mesophile burkholderia xenovorans lb400 had no detectable activity at this temperature. at 57 degrees c, the half-life of the bpdo(cam-1) oxygenase was less than half that of the bpdo(lb400) oxygenase. nevertheless, bpdo(cam-1) appears t ... | 2008 | 18424535 |
| enzymatic regioselective levulinylation of 2'-deoxyribonucleosides and 2'-o-methylribonucleosides. | the levulinyl-protected nucleosides are key building blocks for the solution-phase synthesis of oligonucleotides. short and efficient syntheses of 3'- and 5'-o-levulinylated 2'-deoxyribonucleosides and 2'-o-methylribonucleosides have been developed from the corresponding nucleosides by enzyme-catalyzed regioselective acylation in organic solvents or from 3',5'-di-o-levulinyl derivatives by regioselective enzymatic hydrolysis. lipase-mediated levulinylation of various nucleosides has been accompl ... | 2005 | 18428939 |
| two cases of keratitis and corneal ulcers caused by burkholderia gladioli. | we report two cases of protracted keratitis complicated by corneal ulcer. burkholderia gladioli, primarily known as a plant pathogen, was cultured from corneal swabs. the epithelial defects healed after extended adequate antibiotic therapy. despite identical patterns of both strains in restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, a common infection source was not detectable. | 2008 | 18434558 |
| burkholderia pseudomallei genome plasticity associated with genomic island variation. | burkholderia pseudomallei is a soil-dwelling saprophyte and the cause of melioidosis. horizontal gene transfer contributes to the genetic diversity of this pathogen and may be an important determinant of virulence potential. the genome contains genomic island (gi) regions that encode a broad array of functions. although there is some evidence for the variable distribution of genomic islands in b. pseudomallei isolates, little is known about the extent of variation between related strains or thei ... | 2008 | 18439288 |
| burkholderia pseudomallei type iii secretion system mutants exhibit delayed vacuolar escape phenotypes in raw 264.7 murine macrophages. | burkholderia pseudomallei is a facultative intracellular pathogen capable of surviving and replicating within eukaryotic cells. recent studies have shown that b. pseudomallei bsa type iii secretion system 3 (t3ss-3) mutants exhibit vacuolar escape and replication defects in j774.2 murine macrophages. in the present study, we characterized the interactions of a b. pseudomallei bsaz mutant with raw 264.7 murine macrophages. following uptake, the mutant was found to survive and replicate within inf ... | 2008 | 18443088 |
| characterization of clinically-attenuated burkholderia mallei by whole genome sequencing: candidate strain for exclusion from select agent lists. | burkholderia mallei is an understudied biothreat agent responsible for glanders which can be lethal in humans and animals. research with this pathogen has been hampered in part by constraints of select agent regulations for safety reasons. whole genomic sequencing (wgs) is an apt approach to characterize newly discovered or poorly understood microbial pathogens. | 2008 | 18446194 |
| liposomal bismuth-ethanedithiol formulation enhances antimicrobial activity of tobramycin. | pseudomonas aeruginosa and burkholderia cenocepacia (formally, genomovar iii genotype of burkholderia cepacia complex) have emerged as serious opportunistic resistant pathogens in patients with cystic fibrosis (cf). we have developed a liposomal formulation containing bismuth-ethanedithiol (biedt) and tobramycin to overcome bacterial resistance. the stability of liposomal biedt-tobramycin (lipobiedt-tob) was studied in phosphate buffered saline (pbs) and human pooled plasma at 4 and 37 degrees c ... | 2008 | 18448284 |
| [septicemia, bilateral community acquired pneumonia and empyema due to burkholderia pseudomallei (mellioidosis) with a favorable outcome following prolonged specific antibiotic therapy]. | melioidosis is an infectious disease due to burkholderia pseudomallei (bp). it is regarded as endemic in southeast asia and northern australia. the septicaemic form is a severe illness with a high mortality. the tsunami in 2004 has renewed its current importance. | 2008 | 18449098 |
| purification, crystallization and x-ray diffraction analysis of a novel ring-cleaving enzyme (boxc(c)) from burkholderia xenovorans lb400. | the assimilation of aromatic compounds by microbial species requires specialized enzymes to cleave the thermodynamically stable ring. in the recently discovered benzoate-oxidation (box) pathway in burkholderia xenovorans lb400, this is accomplished by a novel dihydrodiol lyase (boxc(c)). sequence analysis suggests that boxc(c) is part of the crotonase superfamily but includes an additional uncharacterized region of approximately 115 residues that is predicted to mediate ring cleavage. processing ... | 2008 | 18453716 |
| investigation of an outbreak of central venous catheter-associated bloodstream infection due to contaminated water. | an outbreak of central venous catheter-associated bloodstream infections was reported in a hospital in ecuador. commercially produced ampoules of water for injection were found to be contaminated with burkholderia cepacia and myroides odoratus. removal of these ampoules yielded a 10-fold reduction in the incidence of catheter-associated infection. | 2008 | 18462150 |
| outbreak of burkholderia cepacia bacteremia caused by contaminated chlorhexidine in a hemodialysis unit. | | 2008 | 18462153 |
| structural and biochemical characterization of a novel aldehyde dehydrogenase encoded by the benzoate oxidation pathway in burkholderia xenovorans lb400. | the recently identified benzoate oxidation (box) pathway in burkholderia xenovorans lb400 (lb400 hereinafter) assimilates benzoate through a unique mechanism where each intermediate is processed as a coenzyme a (coa) thioester. a key step in this process is the conversion of 3,4-dehydroadipyl-coa semialdehyde into its corresponding coa acid by a novel aldehyde dehydrogenase (aldh) (ec 1.2.1.x). the goal of this study is to characterize the biochemical and structural properties of the chromosomal ... | 2008 | 18462753 |
| field-based stable isotope probing reveals the identities of benzoic acid-metabolizing microorganisms and their in situ growth in agricultural soil. | we used a combination of stable isotope probing (sip), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-based respiration, isolation/cultivation, and quantitative pcr procedures to discover the identity and in situ growth of soil microorganisms that metabolize benzoic acid. we added [(13)c]benzoic acid or [(12)c]benzoic acid (100 microg) once, four times, or five times at 2-day intervals to agricultural field plots. after monitoring (13)co(2) evolution from the benzoic acid-dosed soil, field soils were harv ... | 2008 | 18469130 |
| purification, characterization and bactericidal activities of basic phospholipase a2 from the venom of agkistrodon halys (chinese pallas). | agkistrodon snake venoms contain a variety of phospholipases (pla2), some of which are myotoxic. in this study, we used reverse-phase hplc to purify pla2 from the venom of agkistrodon halys. the enzyme named as agktx-ii, a basic asp49 pla2, has a molecular masses of 13,869.05. the amino acid sequence and molecular mass of agktx-ii was identical to those of an asp49 basic myotoxic pla2 previously isolated from this venom. antibacterial activities were tested by susceptibility and broth-dilution a ... | 2008 | 18472013 |
| cases of melioidosis in a university teaching hospital in malaysia. | melioidosis is an infectious disease caused by burkholderia pseudomallei that is endemic in southeast asia and northern australia and has also been reported from non-endemic areas of the world. little is known about the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and the demography of melioidosis patients in malaysia. | 2008 | 18473106 |
| crystal structure of a pduo-type atp:cobalamin adenosyltransferase from burkholderia thailandensis. | | 2008 | 18473361 |
| non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection in adult patients with cystic fibrosis: comparison of three decontamination methods. | | 2008 | 18476492 |
| stimulation of autophagy suppresses the intracellular survival of burkholderia pseudomallei in mammalian cell lines. | burkholderia pseudomallei is the causative agent of melioidosis, a tropical infection of humans and other animals. the bacterium is an intracellular pathogen that can escape from endosomes into the host cytoplasm, where it replicates and infects adjacent cells. we investigated the role played by autophagy in the intracellular survival of b. pseudomallei in phagocytic and non-phagocytic cell lines. autophagy was induced in response to b. pseudomallei invasion of murine macrophage (raw 264.7) cell ... | 2008 | 18483470 |
| diversity of microbial toluene degradation pathways. | | 2008 | 18485280 |
| outcomes of lung transplantation for cystic fibrosis in a large uk cohort. | lung transplantation is an important option to treat patients with advanced cystic fibrosis (cf) lung disease. the outcomes of a large uk cohort of cf lung transplantation recipients is reported. | 2008 | 18487317 |
| the burkholderia mallei bmar3-bmai3 quorum-sensing system produces and responds to n-3-hydroxy-octanoyl homoserine lactone. | burkholderia mallei has two acyl-homoserine lactone (acyl-hsl) signal generator-receptor pairs and two additional signal receptors, all of which contribute to virulence. we show that b. mallei produces n-3-hydroxy-octanoyl hsl (3ohc8-hsl) but a bmai3 mutant does not. recombinant escherichia coli expressing bmai3 produces hydroxylated acyl-hsls, with 3ohc8-hsl being the most abundant compound. in recombinant e. coli, bmar3 responds to 3ohc8-hsl but not to other acyl-hsls. these data indicate that ... | 2008 | 18487338 |
| innate immunity mediated by tlr5 as a novel antiinflammatory target for cystic fibrosis lung disease. | novel therapies to target lung inflammation are predicted to improve the lives of people with cystic fibrosis (cf) but specific antiinflammatory targets have not been identified. the goal of this study was to establish whether tlr5 signaling is the key molecular pathway mediating lung inflammation in cf, and to determine whether strategies to inhibit tlr5 can reduce the damaging inflammatory response. the innate immune responses were analyzed in both airway epithelial cells and primary pbmcs fro ... | 2008 | 18490781 |
| the response of type three secretion system needle proteins mxihdelta5, bsaldelta5, and prgidelta5 to temperature and ph. | the type iii secretion system (ttss) is a specialized supramolecular injectisome composed of 25 or more proteins which form basal and extracellular domains and share gross architectural similarities with bacterial flagella. the extracellular component of the "needle complex" is primarily composed of a single monomeric subunit organized in a helical array surrounding a hollow pore and protrudes from the bacterial membrane. it is through this surface appendage that virulence factors are translocat ... | 2008 | 18491382 |
| prevalence and sequence diversity of a factor required for actin-based motility in natural populations of burkholderia species. | actin-based motility of the melioidosis pathogen burkholderia pseudomallei requires bima. we report a high degree of conservation of bima in 99 b. pseudomallei isolates from the area of endemicity. a geographically restricted subset of b. pseudomallei isolates harbored a b. mallei-like bima allele (12.1%), confounding a differential diagnostic test based on amplification of species-specific bima regions. | 2008 | 18495853 |
| production of (s)-2-chloropropionate by asymmetric reduction of 2-chloroacrylate with 2-haloacrylate reductase coupled with glucose dehydrogenase. | (s)-2-chloropropionate is a synthetic intermediate for phenoxypropionic acid herbicides. we constructed a system for asymmetric reduction of 2-chloroacrylate to produce (s)-2-chloropropionate with recombinant escherichia coli cells producing 2-haloacrylate reductase from burkholderia sp. ws and an nadph regeneration system. the system provided 37.4 g/l (s)-2-chloropropionate in more than 99.9%e.e. | 2008 | 18499064 |
| modified sublimation to isolate phenanthrene-degrading bacteria of the genera sphingomonas and burkholderia from xiamen oil port. | sublimation was developed by alley and brown (2000) in order to isolate bacterial strains that were capable of degrading water insoluble compounds. in this study, sublimation was modified by the use of nutritional agar plates, instead of mineral salt agar, to isolate phenanthrene-degrading bacteria from a mixed culture that had been enriched under the selective pressure of high phenanthrene content. five strains were obtained with different morphology and degradation ability. based on the 16s rd ... | 2008 | 18502449 |
| genetic tools for allelic replacement in burkholderia species. | allelic replacement in the burkholderia genus has been problematic due to the lack of appropriate counter-selectable and selectable markers. the counter-selectable marker sacb, commonly used in gram-negative bacteria, is nonselective on sucrose in many burkholderia species. in addition, the use of antibiotic resistance markers of clinical importance for the selection of desirable genetic traits is prohibited in the united states for two potential bioterrorism agents, burkholderia mallei and burk ... | 2008 | 18502918 |
| multichromosomal genome structure and confirmation of diazotrophy in novel plant-associated burkholderia species. | pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and 16s rrna hybridization experiments showed that multichromosome genome structures and very large genome sizes (6.46 to 8.73 mb) are prevalent in novel plant-associated burkholderia species. (15)n(2) isotope dilution assays revealed unambiguous diazotrophy in these novel species. nifh gene sequence analysis, often used to determine phylogenetic relatedness among diazotrophs, showed tight clusters of burkholderia species, which were clearly distinct from those o ... | 2008 | 18502926 |
| melioidosis--an unusual cause of septic arthritis. | melioidosis is an infection caused by burkholderia pseudomallei. it is an important human pathogen in the tropical area. the clinical manifestations are protean with multisystem involvement. septic arthritis and prostatic abscess are rare but well-recognized forms of the disease. herein we report a case of melioidosis presenting with a rare combination of septic arthritis, prostatic abscess, and septicemia. | 2008 | 18506568 |
| the rpoe operon regulates heat stress response in burkholderia pseudomallei. | burkholderia pseudomallei is a gram-negative bacterium and the causative agent of melioidosis, one of the important lethal diseases in tropical regions. in this article, we demonstrate the crucial role of the b. pseudomallei rpoe locus in the response to heat stress. the rpoe operon knockout mutant exhibited growth retardation and reduced survival when exposed to a high temperature. expression analysis using rpoh promoter-lacz fusion revealed that heat stress induction of rpoh, which encodes hea ... | 2008 | 18507684 |
| template enhanced activity of lipase accommodated in siliceous mesocellular foams. | lipases were adsorbed in siliceous mesocellular foams containing different amounts of residual template in the nanopores. it is found that the hydrolytic activities of the adsorbed lipases are increased with increasing the contents of template in the mesopores. the triacetin hydrolytic activity of the lipase adsorbed in the foam containing 46% of template can be 13 times higher than that of the lipase adsorbed in the foam without template in the nanopores, and its specific activity is about thre ... | 2008 | 18510948 |
| nosocomial outbreak of two strains of burkholderia cepacia caused by contaminated heparin. | | 2008 | 18511156 |
| in vitro interactions of tobramycin with various nonantibiotics against pseudomonas aeruginosa and burkholderia cenocepacia. | pseudomonas aeruginosa and burkholderia cepacia are the major pathogens that colonize the airway surface and cause progressive respiratory failure and high mortality, especially in cystic fibrosis (cf) patients. tobramycin is the treatment of choice, but persistent usage enables the infectious organisms to activate defence mechanisms, making eradication rarely successful. combinations of antibiotic and nonantibiotic compounds have been tested in vitro against p. aeruginosa and b. cepacia, but wi ... | 2008 | 18513356 |
| biofuel cell system employing thermostable glucose dehydrogenase. | enzyme biofuel cells utilizing glucose dehydrogenase as an anode enzyme were constructed. the glucose dehydrogenase is composed of a catalytic subunit, an electron transfer subunit, and a chaperon-like subunit. cells, constructed using either a glucose dehydrogenase catalytic subunit or a glucose dehydrogenase complex, displayed power outputs that were dependent on the glucose concentration. the catalytic subunit in the anode maintained its catalytic activity for 24 h of operation. the biofuel c ... | 2008 | 18516502 |
| burkholderia pseudomallei sepsis presenting with pericardial effusion and tamponade. | severe septicaemia secondary to melioidosis carries a high mortality. although melioidosis can involve most tissues and organs, pericardial involvement is rare. we report a 40-yearold woman with melioidosis with pericardial involvement but no contiguous pulmonary involvement. she developed acute pericardial tamponade but was successfully treated with surgery and medical therapy. this is the first case in australia or new zealand of melioid sepsis presenting with pericarditis and subsequent cardi ... | 2008 | 18522528 |
| pleiotropic roles of iron-responsive transcriptional regulator fur in burkholderia multivorans. | the fur (ferric uptake regulator) gene of burkholderia multivorans atcc 17616 was identified by transposon mutagenesis analysis. the fur deletion mutant of strain atcc 17616 (i) constitutively produced siderophores, (ii) was more sensitive to reactive oxygen species (ros) than the wild-type strain, (iii) showed lower superoxide dismutase and catalase activities than the wild-type strain, (iv) was unable to grow on m9 minimal agar plates containing several substrates that can be used as sole carb ... | 2008 | 18524931 |
| recovery of herbaspirillum species from persons with cystic fibrosis. | herbaspirillum species are not known to be human pathogens. we report on the identification of herbaspirillum from cultures from 28 persons with cystic fibrosis (cf). most isolates were initially identified as members of the burkholderia cepacia complex. although the role that these species play in lung disease in persons with cf is not known, their differentiation from other species is important and has serious implications for clinical care and patient well-being. | 2008 | 18524958 |
| direct quantitation of fatty acids present in bacteria and fungi: stability of the cyclopropane ring to chlorotrimethylsilane. | the stability of the cyclopropane ring and the fatty acid composition of microbial cells were determined using chlorotrimethylsilane as reagent with three different conditions 80 degrees c for 1 h, 60 degrees c for 1 h, and 60 degrees c for 2 h. chlorotrimethylsilane permits a simultaneous extraction and derivatization of fatty acids. a basic method was used as reference. the bacteria, escherichia coli, burkholderia cepacia, and lactobacillus brevis, and fungi aspergillus niger and gibberella fu ... | 2008 | 18533660 |
| impact of burkholderia infection on lung transplantation in cystic fibrosis. | lung transplantation offers the only survival option for patients with cystic fibrosis (cf) with end-stage pulmonary disease. infection with burkholderia species is typically considered a contraindication to transplantation in cf. however, the risks posed by different burkholderia species on transplantation outcomes are poorly defined. | 2008 | 18535253 |
| [answer to april e-quid: pulmonary melioidosis: a symptomology of severe tuberculosis]. | | 2008 | 18535506 |
| [burkholderia cepacia: a new pathogen causing nosocomial infections]. | burkholderia cepacia is an opportunistic gram-negative, inherently resistant to multiple antibiotics and highly transmissible bacteria found in the soil and moist environments. the bacteria is known as a cause of severe lung infections in cystic fibrosis and immunocompromised patients. the authors observed a nosocomial outbreak of b. cepacia, the strains were isolated from five patients. in one case occurred colonization of the decubitus and in the other four severe pneumonia or sepsis. four pat ... | 2008 | 18536220 |
| biodegradation of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol in a packed-bed biofilm reactor equipped with an internal net draft tube riser for aeration and liquid circulation. | for the aerobic biodegradation of the fungicide and defoliant 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-tcp), a bench-scale packed-bed bioreactor equipped with a net draft tube riser for liquid circulation and oxygenation (pb-alr) was constructed. to obtain a high packed-bed volume relative to the whole bioreactor volume, a high a(d)/a(r) ratio was used. reactor's downcomer was packed with a porous support of volcanic stone fragments. pb-alr hydrodynamics and oxygen mass transfer behavior was evaluated and c ... | 2009 | 18539387 |
| burkholderia pseudomallei, b. thailandensis, and b. ambifaria produce 4-hydroxy-2-alkylquinoline analogues with a methyl group at the 3 position that is required for quorum-sensing regulation. | 4-hydroxy-2-alkylquinolines (haqs), especially 3,4-dihydroxy-2-heptylquinoline (pseudomonas quinolone signal) and its precursor, 4-hydroxy-2-heptylquinoline, are attracting much attention, mainly because of their role as signaling molecules in pseudomonas aeruginosa. the pqsabcde operon is centrally involved in their biosynthesis. the presence of a homologous operon in burkholderia pseudomallei and b. thailandensis was recently reported. thus, we have investigated the abilities of 11 burkholderi ... | 2008 | 18539738 |
| late-onset posttraumatic skin and soft-tissue infections caused by rapid-growing mycobacteria in tsunami survivors. | in the tsunami catastrophe in thailand in 2004, several thousand swedish tourists were injured, with contaminated crush trauma of the legs being the main cause of injury among the survivors. | 2008 | 18549312 |
| fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for rapid identification of nonfermenting gram-negative bacteria isolated from sputum samples from cystic fibrosis patients. | the accurate and rapid identification of bacteria isolated from the respiratory tract of patients with cystic fibrosis (cf) is critical in epidemiological studies, during intrahospital outbreaks, for patient treatment, and for determination of therapeutic options. while the most common organisms isolated from sputum samples are pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus aureus, and haemophilus influenzae, in recent decades an increasing fraction of cf patients has been colonized by other nonfermenti ... | 2008 | 18550747 |
| usefulness of sau-pcr for molecular epidemiology of nosocomial outbreaks due to burkholderia cepacia which occurred in a local hospital in guangzhou, china. | the aim of the present study was to determine the source of nosocomial outbreak due to burkholderia cepacia by molecular techniques. a total of 11 b. cepacia strains were isolated; nine from blood and one from sputum of patients without cystic fibrosis, and one from reverse osmosis water at a local hospital in guangzhou, china. analyses of 11 strains by the sau-pcr assay and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis revealed that nine strains obtained from the blood of outpatients in a hemodialysis unit ... | 2008 | 18557899 |
| application of carbohydrate microarray technology for the detection of burkholderia pseudomallei, bacillus anthracis and francisella tularensis antibodies. | we developed a microarray platform by immobilizing bacterial 'signature' carbohydrates onto epoxide modified glass slides. the carbohydrate microarray platform was probed with sera from non-melioidosis and melioidosis (burkholderia pseudomallei) individuals. the platform was also probed with sera from rabbits vaccinated with bacillus anthracis spores and francisella tularensis bacteria. by employing this microarray platform, we were able to detect and differentiate b. pseudomallei, b. anthracis ... | 2008 | 18558401 |
| chemical and biological features of burkholderia cepacia complex lipopolysaccharides. | the burkholderia cepacia complex comprises 10 closely related gram-negative organisms all of which appear capable of causing disease in humans. these organisms appear of particular relevance to patients with cystic fibrosis. lipopolysaccharide (lps) is an important virulence determinant in gram-negative pathogens. in this review, we highlight important data within the field commenting on lps/lipid a structure-to-function relationships and cytokine induction capacity of burkholderia strains studi ... | 2008 | 18562572 |
| immune responses of selected phagotopes from monoclonal antibodies of burkholderia pseudomallei. | random peptide libraries displayed by bacteriophage t7 and m13 were employed to identify mimotopes from 4 monoclonal antibodies (mabs) specific to burkholderia pseudomallei. insert dna sequences of bound phages selected from four rounds of panning with each mab revealed peptide sequences corresponding to b. pseudomallei k96243 hypothetical protein bpsl2046, hypothetical protein bpsep_02000035, b. pseudomallei k96243 hypothetical protein bpss0784, b. pseudomallei 1710b hypothetical protein burps1 ... | 2008 | 18564683 |
| multiple effects of a novel compound from burkholderia cepacia against candida albicans. | a novel compound (named cf66i) produced by burkholeria cepacia cf-66 strain was investigated for its antifungal activity against candida albicans. this compound exhibited excellent antifungal activity in a dose- and time-dependent manner. uptake analysis revealed that the compound preferentially acted against the fungal cell wall, and was also able to enter the cells. transmission electron microscopy indicated that this compound caused loosening of the cell wall and a significant increase in the ... | 2008 | 18565124 |
| production and purification of burkholderia pseudomallei bipd protein. | type iii secretion system (ttss) clusters contain virulent genes of both animal and plant gram-negative bacteria. the full length (933 bp) gene of bipd, a member of ttss cluster of burkholderia pseudomallei, was isolated by pcr amplification from b. pseudomallei dna and cloned into pgex 4t-1. gst-bipd fusion protein and bipd protein obtained by removal of gst using thrombin were employed to detect the presence of b. pseudomallei antibodies in sera obtained from melioidosis and non-melioidosis pa ... | 2008 | 18567449 |
| development of a novel pcr assay for the identification of the black yeast, exophiala (wangiella) dermatitidis from adult patients with cystic fibrosis (cf). | cystic fibrosis (cf) patients may suffer increased morbidity and mortality through colonisation, allergy and invasive infection from fungi. the black yeast, exophiala dermatitidis (synonym wangiella dermatitidis) has been found with increasing frequency in sputum specimens of cf patients, with reported isolation rates ranging from 1.1 to 15.7%. at present, no diagnostic pcr exists to aid with the clinical laboratory detection and identification of this organism. a novel species-specific pcr-base ... | 2008 | 18571996 |
| effects of a nutrient-surfactant compound on solubilization rates of tce. | biotreat, a commercially available nutrient-surfactant compound, was investigated for its ability to solubilize tce. potential mechanisms for enhancing biodegradation rates by the use of nutrient-surfactant mixtures are: increased solubilization of tce into the aqueous phase, and increased nutrients for the bacteria and greater numbers of colony forming units (cfus). in aqueous systems, no measured solubilization of 0.1 and 1.0 ppm tce from the headspace into the liquid phase was observed with b ... | 1997 | 18576136 |
| disinfection of burkholderia cepacia complex from non-touch taps in a neonatal nursery. | burkholderia cepacia complex (bcc) comprises nine closely related species or genomovars. it is an important causative agent of opportunistic infections and waterborne nosocomial infections. b. cepacia (formerly genomovar i) was identified from the blood culture of a baby in our neonatal unit (nu) in march 2005. b. cepacia was isolated four times from clinical specimens since the introduction of non-touch taps in the nu from 2000 to 2005 and only once from 1994 to 2000. environmental samples were ... | 2008 | 18576933 |
| site directed mutagenesis studies of fad-dependent glucose dehydrogenase catalytic subunit of burkholderia cepacia. | a fad-dependent glucose dehydrogenase (fadgdh) mutant with narrow substrate specificity was constructed by site-directed mutagenesis. several characteristics of fadgdh, such as high catalytic activity and high electron transfer ability, make this enzyme suitable for application to glucose sensors. however, for further applications, improvement of the broad substrate specificity is needed. in this paper, we mutated two residues, asn475 and ala472, which are located near the putative active site o ... | 2008 | 18581061 |
| bacteria of the burkholderia cepacia complex are cyanogenic under biofilm and colonial growth conditions. | the burkholderia cepacia complex (bcc) is a collection of nine genotypically distinct but phenotypically similar species. they show wide ecological diversity and include species that are used for promoting plant growth and bio-control as well species that are opportunistic pathogens of vulnerable patients. over recent years the bcc have emerged as problematic pathogens of the cf lung. pseudomonas aeruginosa is another important cf pathogen. it is able to synthesise hydrogen cyanide (hcn), a pote ... | 2008 | 18588687 |
| reduced interleukin-17 expression of burkholderia pseudomallei-infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells of diabetic patients. | burkholderia pseudomallei is the causative agent of melioidosis. one of the main risk factors for b. pseudomallei infection in endemic areas is diabetes mellitus. the present study investigated il-17 mrna and protein expression by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in response to b. pseudomallei infection in 10 diabetic patients in comparison to 10 healthy blood donors. the il-17 expression in diabetic patients was significantly lower (p < 0.05) than in the controls. however, il-23 mrna expressi ... | 2008 | 18595531 |
| [identification of clinical isolates of burkholderia cepacia and assessment of their pathogenicity in animal experiments]. | in experiments on animals study of pathogenicity of 9 clinical strains of burkholderia cepacia isolated from patients with chronic lung diseases was performed. preliminary identification of studied strains by means of biochemical and genetic methods allowed to establish their belonging to b. cepacia species. it was determined that 6 of 9 strains are epidemiologically significant. experiments showed that bacteria of studied strains are not able to cause infectious process in white mice and hamadr ... | 2008 | 18597993 |
| management of accidental laboratory exposure to burkholderia pseudomallei and b. mallei. | the gram-negative bacillus burkholderia pseudomallei is a saprophyte and the cause of melioidosis. natural infection is most commonly reported in northeast thailand and northern australia but also occurs in other parts of asia, south america, and the caribbean. melioidosis develops after bacterial inoculation or inhalation, often in relation to occupational exposure in areas where the disease is endemic. clinical infection has a peak incidence between the fourth and fifth decades; with diabetes ... | 2008 | 18598617 |
| burkholderia latens sp. nov., burkholderia diffusa sp. nov., burkholderia arboris sp. nov., burkholderia seminalis sp. nov. and burkholderia metallica sp. nov., novel species within the burkholderia cepacia complex. | the taxonomic position of five reca gene clusters of burkholderia cepacia complex (bcc) isolates was determined using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. the levels of 16s rrna and reca gene sequence similarity, multilocus sequence typing (mlst) data and the intermediate dna-dna binding values demonstrated that these five clusters represented five novel species within the bcc. biochemical identification of these species is difficult, as is the case for most bcc species. however, identification of t ... | 2008 | 18599699 |
| the new group of non-pathogenic plant-associated nitrogen-fixing burkholderia spp. shares a conserved quorum-sensing system, which is tightly regulated by the rsal repressor. | a novel group of nitrogen-fixing plant-associated burkholderia species has emerged in the last few years. the purpose of this investigation was to determine if these species possess an n-acylhomoserine lactone (ahl) quorum-sensing (qs) cell-cell signalling system, and whether it is important for nitrogen fixation and other phenotypic features in burkholderia kururiensis. it was determined that b. kururiensis, and other members of this burkholderia species cluster, contain at least one highly con ... | 2008 | 18599833 |
| molecular characterization of burkholderia strains isolated from rice cultivars (oryza sativa l.) for species identification and phylogenetic grouping. | the genus burkholderia consists of extremely versatile bacteria that occupy diverse niches and are commonly encountered in the rhizosphere of crop plants. in this study, we characterized three plant growth promoting strains assigned as burkholderia sp. using biochemical and molecular characterization. the burkholderia spp. strains cbmb40, cbpb-him, and cbpb-hod were characterized using biochemical tests, biolog carbon substrate utilization, fatty acid methyl ester analysis, analysis of reca gene ... | 2008 | 18600039 |
| rhizobacterial exopolysaccharides elicit induced resistance on cucumber. | the role of exopolysaccharides (epss) from a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium, burkholderia gladioli in26, on elicitation of induced systemic resistance was investigated. a purified eps induced expression of pr- 1a::gus on tobacco and elicited induced resistance against colletotrichum orbiculare on cucumber. the maximum level of disease protection was noted when seeds were soaked in 200 ppm of the eps. our results indicate that eps from specific rhizobacteria can elicit induced resistance a ... | 2008 | 18600053 |
| variation of the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of burkholderia cepacia complex clonal isolates obtained from chronically infected cystic fibrosis patients: a five-year survey in the major portuguese treatment center. | the treatment of cystic fibrosis (cf) patients chronically infected with burkholderia cepacia complex (bcc) bacteria requires extensive and aggressive antibiotics therapy, exposing these bacteria to prolonged antibiotics-selective pressure. in the present study, we have compared the susceptibility patterns to 13 antimicrobials of 94 bcc isolates obtained from 15 portuguese cf patients in the course of chronic infection during a five-year survey. these isolates were previously genotyped and repre ... | 2008 | 18600352 |
| segregation is good for patients with cystic fibrosis. | | 2008 | 18607016 |
| cystic fibrosis, a burkholderia cenocepacia chest wall abscess and rapid clinical deterioration. | | 2008 | 18607020 |
| in vitro activity of meropenem against organisms causing serious infections in a singapore hospital. | meropenem (mem) is a carbapenem antibiotic effective against infections caused by a variety of organisms. this study was conducted to evaluate mem, which has not been previously used in the hospital, in parallel with some antimicrobial agents now in use, against organisms causing serious infections in the hospital. a total of 382 organisms isolated from blood cultures were included in the study. in the case of bacteroides spp. and burkholderia pseudomallei, organisms recovered from blood as well ... | 1997 | 18611828 |
| a disruption of ctpa encoding carboxy-terminal protease attenuates burkholderia mallei and induces partial protection in cd1 mice. | burkholderia mallei is the etiologic agent of glanders in solipeds (horses, mules and donkeys), and incidentally in carnivores and humans. little is known about the molecular mechanisms of b. mallei pathogenesis. the putative carboxy-terminal processing protease (ctpa) of b. mallei is a member of a novel family of endoproteases involved in the maturation of proteins destined for the cell envelope. all species and isolates of burkholderia carry a highly conserved copy of ctpa. we studied the invo ... | 2008 | 18614331 |
| correlation between chemical and solid-state structures and enzymatic hydrolysis in novel biodegradable polyesters. the case of poly(propylene alkanedicarboxylate)s. | a series of seven fast-biodegrading aliphatic polyesters were prepared from 1,3-propanediol and aliphatic diacids with increasing number of methylene units (x). melting points decreased from ppsu to ppad and then increased again to ppaz and ppseb. crystallization rates and thermal stability increased steadily with increasing x. glass transition temperatures decreased steadily to pppim and subsequently increased. enzymatic degradation of the polymers in the presence of a mixture of rhizopus delem ... | 2008 | 18615455 |
| differential modulation of innate immune cell functions by the burkholderia cepacia complex: burkholderia cenocepacia but not burkholderia multivorans disrupts maturation and induces necrosis in human dendritic cells. | burkholderia cepacia complex (bcc) bacteria cause pulmonary infections that can evolve into fatal overwhelming septicemia in chronic granulomatous disease or cystic fibrosis patients. burkholderia cenocepacia and burkholderia multivorans are responsible for the majority of bcc infections in cystic fibrosis patients, but b. cenocepacia is generally associated with a poorer prognosis than b. multivorans. the present study investigated whether these pathogens could modulate the normal functions of ... | 2008 | 18624797 |
| focus on focis: the continuing diagnostic challenge of autosomal recessive chronic granulomatous disease. | chronic granulomatous disease (cgd) is a primary immunodeficiency of defective neutrophil oxidative burst activity due to mutations in the genes cyba, ncf-1, ncf-2, and cybb, which respectively encode the p22-phox, p47-phox, p67-phox, and gp91-phox subunits. cgd usually presents in early childhood with recurrent or severe infection with catalase-positive bacteria and fungi. we present an unusual case of cgd in which burkholderia cepacia lymphadenitis developed in a previously healthy 10-year-old ... | 2008 | 18625437 |
| burkholderia gladioli associated abscess in a type 1 diabetic patient. | burkholderia gladioli, a bacterial pathogen, causes a variety of infectious ailments in immunocompromised individuals. we present a case report of foreign body associated burkholderia gladioli related abscess in an immunocompetent type 1 diabetic patient. relevant medical literature is reviewed to understand this unusual mode of presentation of this bacterium in our patient. | 2008 | 18626540 |
| overview of the inactivation by 254 nm ultraviolet radiation of bacteria with particular relevance to biodefense. | our goal was to ultimately predict the sensitivity of untested bacteria (including those of biodefense interest) to ultraviolet (uv) radiation. in this study, we present an overview and analysis of the relevant 254 nm data previously reported and available in the literature. the amount of variability in this data prevented us from determining an "average" response for any bacterium. therefore, we developed particular selection criteria to include the data in our analysis and suggested future gui ... | 2008 | 18627518 |
| matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation-time-of of-flight mass spectrometry of intact cells allows rapid identification of burkholderia cepacia complex. | the present study examined the potential of intact-cell matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) for a rapid identification of burkholderia cepacia complex (bcc) bacteria using an applied biosystems 4700 proteomics analyser. two software packages were used to analyse mass profiles based on densitometric curves and peak positions. the 75 strains examined, represented the nine established bcc species and some commonly misidentified species, closel ... | 2008 | 18627778 |
| random tag insertions by transposon integration mediated mutagenesis (tim). | transposon integration mediated mutagenesis (tim) is a broadly applicable tool for protein engineering. this method combines random integration of modified bacteriophage mu transposons with their subsequent defined excision employing type iis restriction endonuclease aari. tim enables deletion or insertion of an arbitrary number of bases at random positions, insertion of functional sequence tags at random positions, replacing randomly selected triplets by a specific codon (e.g. scanning) and sit ... | 2008 | 18627780 |
| identification, characterization and regulation of two secreted polygalacturonases of the emerging rice pathogen burkholderia glumae. | burkholderia glumae is an emerging seed-borne rice pathogen in many areas around the world. previous studies have demonstrated that b. glumae produces two major virulence factors: the phytotoxin toxoflavin and a secreted lipase. this synthesis of both of these factors is regulated by an n-acyl homoserine lactone (ahl)-dependent, cell-density-dependent quorum-sensing regulation system. this study reports the production and secretion of two highly similar endo-polygalacturonases (designated peha a ... | 2008 | 18631177 |