| blood-banking techniques for plateletpheresis in swine. | during the past several years, trauma resuscitation in human patients has evolved from decreased use of crystalloids to increased use of blood products. of high interest is the role of platelets in trauma resuscitation. because conducting prehos- pital resuscitation in human trauma patients is very difficult, swine are often the animal model of choice for such studies because their coagulation and hemodynamic systems are similar to those in humans. however, consistent production of sufficient sw ... | 0 | 24827574 |
| experimental infection with the toxoplasma gondii me-49 strain in the brazilian br-1 mini pig is a suitable animal model for human toxoplasmosis. | toxoplasma gondii causes toxoplasmosis, a worldwide disease. experimentation with pigs is necessary for the development of new therapeutic approaches to human diseases. br-1 mini pigs were intramuscularly infected with t. gondii with tachyzoites (rh strain) or orally infected with cysts (me-49 strain). haematology and serum biochemistry were analysed and buffy coat cells were inoculated in mice to determine tachyzoite circulation. no alterations were observed in erythrocyte and platelet values; ... | 2015 | 25742268 |
| effect of body mass and clothing on carrion entomofauna. | carcass mass largely affects pattern and rate of carrion decomposition. supposedly, it is similarly important for carrion entomofauna; however, most of its likely effects have not been tested experimentally. here, simultaneous effects of carcass mass and clothing are analyzed. a factorial block experiment with four levels of carcass mass (small carcasses 5-15 kg, medium carcasses 15.1-30 kg, medium/large carcasses 35-50 kg, large carcasses 55-70 kg) and two levels of carcass clothing (clothed an ... | 2015 | 25874664 |
| unravelling the complexity of domestication: a case study using morphometrics and ancient dna analyses of archaeological pigs from romania. | current evidence suggests that pigs were first domesticated in eastern anatolia during the ninth millennium cal bc before dispersing into europe with early neolithic farmers from the beginning of the seventh millennium. recent ancient dna (adna) research also indicates the incorporation of european wild boar into domestic stock during the neolithization process. in order to establish the timing of the arrival of domestic pigs into europe, and to test hypotheses regarding the role european wild b ... | 0 | 25487340 |
| hybrid origin of european commercial pigs examined by an in-depth haplotype analysis on chromosome 1. | although all farm animals have an original source of domestication, a large variety of modern breeds exist that are phenotypically highly distinct from the ancestral wild population. this phenomenon can be the result of artificial selection or gene flow from other sources into the domesticated population. the eurasian wild boar (sus scrofa) has been domesticated at least twice in two geographically distinct regions during the neolithic revolution when hunting shifted to farming. prior to the est ... | 2015 | 25601878 |
| exposure of feral swine (sus scrofa) in the united states to selected pathogens. | feral swine (sus scrofa) are widely distributed in the united states. in 2011 and 2012, serum samples and tonsils were recovered from 162 and 37 feral swine, respectively, in the us to evaluate exposure to important swine endemic pathogens. antibodies against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) and porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) were found in 2.5% and 25.3% of tested sera, respectively. positive serological reactions against mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and actinobacillus p ... | 0 | 25673913 |
| meat species identification using loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay targeting species-specific mitochondrial dna. | meat source fraud and adulteration scandals have led to consumer demands for accurate meat identification methods. nucleotide amplification assays have been proposed as an alternative method to protein-based assays for meat identification. in this study, we designed loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assays targeting species-specific mitochondrial dna to identify and discriminate eight meat species; cattle, pig, horse, goat, sheep, chicken, duck, and turkey. the lamp primer sets were ... | 2014 | 26761677 |
| high-resolution melting of 12s rrna and cytochrome b dna sequences for discrimination of species within distinct european animal families. | the cheap and easy identification of species is necessary within multiple fields of molecular biology. the use of high-resolution melting (hrm) of dna provides a fast closed-tube method for analysis of the sequence composition of the mitochondrial genes 12s rrna and cytochrome b. we investigated the potential use of hrm for species identification within eleven different animal groups commonly found in europe by animal-group-specific dna amplification followed by dna melting. influence factors as ... | 2014 | 25531439 |
| utility of cell viability assays for use with ex vivo vocal fold epithelial tissue. | ex vivo models are routinely used to investigate the barrier function of the vocal fold epithelium. however, there are limited reports on assays that can be used to investigate the effect of clinically relevant challenges on vocal fold epithelial tissue viability. our objective was to determine the utility of two assays routinely used in cell culture-a cellular metabolic activity assay and a cell membrane integrity assay-to investigate the viability of ex vivo porcine vocal fold epithelium. | 2014 | 25511412 |
| activation of intervertebral disc cells by co-culture with notochordal cells, conditioned medium and hypoxia. | notochordal cells (nc) remain in the focus of research for regenerative therapy for the degenerated intervertebral disc (ivd) due to their progenitor status. recent findings suggested their regenerative action on more mature disc cells, presumably by the secretion of specific factors, which has been described as notochordal cell conditioned medium (nccm). the aim of this study was to determine nc culture conditions (2d/3d, fetal calf serum, oxygen level) that lead to significant ivd cell activat ... | 2014 | 25496082 |
| hepadnavirus detected in bile and liver samples from domestic pigs of commercial abattoirs. | preliminary studies showed the prevalence of a virus similar to human hepatitis b virus (hbv-like) in swine from farms in china and the molecular evidence of hepadnavirus infection in domestic pigs herds in brazil. in this study, we genetically characterize the swine hepadnavirus strains in swine from slaughterhouses located in certified abattoirs from rio de janeiro state, brazil and evaluate its hepatotropic potential. | 2014 | 25495746 |
| biomechanical evaluation of three fixation modalities for preperitoneal inguinal hernia repair: a 24-hour postoperative study in pigs. | tacks and sutures ensure a strong fixation of meshes, but they can be associated with pain and discomfort. less invasive methods are now available. three fixation modalities were compared: the progrip™ laparoscopic self-fixating mesh; the fibrin glue tisseel™ with bard™ soft mesh; and the sorbafix™ absorbable fixation system with bard™ soft mesh. | 2014 | 25525396 |
| novel technique for retroperitoneal implantation of telemetry transmitters for physiologic monitoring in göttingen minipigs (sus scrofa domesticus). | telemetric monitoring of physiologic parameters in animal models is a critical component of chemical and biologic agent studies. the long-term collection of neurobehavioral and other physiologic data can require larger telemetry devices. furthermore, such devices must be implanted in a location that is safe, well-tolerated, and functional. göttingen minipigs (sus scrofa domesticus) present an ideal large animal model for chemical agent studies due to their relatively small size, characterized he ... | 0 | 25527027 |
| comparison of the decomposition voc profile during winter and summer in a moist, mid-latitude (cfb) climate. | the investigation of volatile organic compounds (vocs) associated with decomposition is an emerging field in forensic taphonomy due to their importance in locating human remains using biological detectors such as insects and canines. a consistent decomposition voc profile has not yet been elucidated due to the intrinsic impact of the environment on the decomposition process in different climatic zones. the study of decomposition vocs has typically occurred during the warmer months to enable chem ... | 2014 | 25412504 |
| bupivacaine mandibular nerve block affects intraoperative blood pressure and heart rate in a yucatan miniature swine mandibular condylectomy model: a pilot study. | the primary objective was to evaluate the effect of a bupivacaine mandibular nerve block on intraoperative blood pressure (bp) and heart rate (hr) in response to surgical stimulation and the need for systemic analgesics postoperatively. we hypothesized that a mandibular nerve block would decrease the need for systemic analgesics both intraoperatively and postoperatively. | 2014 | 25394295 |
| cellular scaling rules for the brain of artiodactyla include a highly folded cortex with few neurons. | quantitative analysis of the cellular composition of rodent, primate, insectivore, and afrotherian brains has shown that non-neuronal scaling rules are similar across these mammalian orders that diverged about 95 million years ago, and therefore appear to be conserved in evolution, while neuronal scaling rules appear to be free to vary in a clade-specific manner. here we analyze the cellular scaling rules that apply to the brain of artiodactyls, a group within the order cetartiodactyla, believed ... | 2014 | 25429261 |
| endothelin-a receptor antagonism after renal angioplasty enhances renal recovery in renovascular disease. | percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty/stenting (ptras) is frequently used to treat renal artery stenosis and renovascular disease (rvd); however, renal function is restored in less than one half of the cases. this study was designed to test a novel intervention that could refine ptras and enhance renal recovery in rvd. renal function was quantified in pigs after 6 weeks of chronic rvd (induced by unilateral renal artery stenosis), established renal damage, and hypertension. pigs with rvd t ... | 2014 | 25377076 |
| pharmacokinetics of sustained-release and transdermal buprenorphine in göttingen minipigs (sus scrofa domestica). | the opioid buprenorphine has been shown to provide adequate postoperative analgesia in both companion and laboratory animals. however, its use is still hindered by the need for multiple parenteral injections to achieve continuous analgesia. the purpose of the current study was to conduct a pharmacokinetic analysis of 2 new long-acting formulations of buprenorphine-an injectable sustained-release buprenorphine (srb) and a transdermal buprenorphine (tdb) patch-in healthy göttingen minipigs by usin ... | 0 | 25650977 |
| evaluation of genome based estimated breeding values for meat quality in a berkshire population using high density single nucleotide polymorphism chips. | the accuracy of genomic estimated breeding values (gebv) was evaluated for sixteen meat quality traits in a berkshire population (n = 1,191) that was collected from dasan breeding farm, namwon, korea. the animals were genotyped with the illumina porcine 62 k single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) bead chips, in which a set of 36,605 snps were available after quality control tests. two methods were applied to evaluate gebv accuracies, i.e. genome based linear unbiased prediction method (gblup) and ... | 0 | 25358312 |
| ovine β-lactoglobulin at atomic resolution. | the crystal structure of the triclinic form of the milk protein β-lactoglobulin from sheep (ovis aries) at 1.1 å resolution is described together with a comparison of the triclinic structures of the low-ph bovine and high-ph ovine proteins. all three structures are remarkably similar, despite the well known ph-dependent conformational transition described for the bovine and porcine proteins that occurs in solution. the high resolution of the present structure determination has allowed a more acc ... | 2014 | 25372816 |
| immune modulation in xenotransplantation. | the use of animals as donors of tissues and organs for xenotransplantations may help in meeting the increasing demand for organs for human transplantations. clinical studies indicate that the domestic pig best satisfies the criteria of organ suitability for xenotransplantation. however, the considerable phylogenetic distance between humans and the pig causes tremendous immunological problems after transplantation, thus genetic modifications need to be introduced to the porcine genome, with the a ... | 2014 | 25354539 |
| a genome-wide scan for selection signatures in yorkshire and landrace pigs based on sequencing data. | pigs have experienced dramatic selection due to domestication, which has led to many different phenotypes when compared to their wild counterparts, especially in the last several decades. currently, genome-wide scans in both cattle and humans showing positive selection footprints have been investigated. however, few studies have focused on porcine selection footprints, particularly on a genome-wide scale. surveying for selection footprints across porcine genomes can be quite valuable for reveali ... | 2014 | 25327778 |
| serological evidence for influenza virus infection in korean wild boars. | serum samples from 1,011 wild boars hunted in 2012 were collected for serological surveillance for 4 subtypes (pandemic a (h1n1) 2009 and classical h1n1, h1n2 and h3n2) of swine influenza virus (siv). samples from 12 of the boars were identified as positive for siv (pandemic a (h1n1) 2009, n=9; classical h1n1, n=2; and h1n2, n=1) by a hemagglutination inhibition test (hi test) and a nucleoprotein (np)-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (np-elisa). although the overall seroprevalence of siv ... | 2014 | 25298239 |
| assessment of gel-coated delayed self-gripping mesh. | mesh hernia repair is one of the most frequently performed procedures in general surgery. recently, use of the self-gripping mesh demonstrated a beneficial effect on postoperative pain in inguinal hernia repairs. however, in intra-abdominal placement, the use of this novel mesh requires greater laparoscopic skill and dexterity because of the mesh's tendency to fold and adhere to itself and to any surrounding tissues. we hypothesized that gel-like coverage of a self-gripping mesh with a water-sol ... | 0 | 25516704 |
| catheter-based induction of renal ischemia/reperfusion in swine: description of an experimental model. | several techniques to induce renal ischemia have been proposed: clamp, pva particles, and catheter-balloon. we report the development of a controlled, single-insult model of unilateral renal ischemia/reperfusion (i/r) without contralateral nephrectomy, using a suitable model, the pig. this is a balloon-catheter-based model using a percutaneous, interventional radiology procedure. one angioplasty balloon-catheter was placed into the right renal artery and inflated for 120 min and reperfusion over ... | 2014 | 25263203 |
| histologic characterization of acellular dermal matrices in a porcine model of tissue expander breast reconstruction. | acellular dermal matrices (adms) have been commonly used in expander-based breast reconstruction to provide inferolateral prosthesis coverage. although the clinical performance of these biologic scaffold materials varies depending on a number of factors, an in-depth systematic characterization of the host response is yet to be performed. the present study evaluates the biochemical composition and structure of two adms, alloderm(®) regenerative tissue matrix and allomax™ surgical graft, and provi ... | 2014 | 24941900 |
| dynamics of african swine fever virus shedding and excretion in domestic pigs infected by intramuscular inoculation and contact transmission. | african swine fever virus (asfv) is a highly virulent swine pathogen that has spread across eastern europe since 2007 and for which there is no effective vaccine or treatment available. the dynamics of shedding and excretion is not well known for this currently circulating asfv strain. therefore, susceptible pigs were exposed to pigs intramuscularly infected with the georgia 2007/1 asfv strain to measure those dynamics through within- and between-pen transmission scenarios. blood, oral, nasal an ... | 2014 | 25256695 |
| an in vivo three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging-based averaged brain collection of the neonatal piglet (sus scrofa). | due to the fact that morphology and perinatal growth of the piglet brain is similar to humans, use of the piglet as a translational animal model for neurodevelopmental studies is increasing. magnetic resonance imaging (mri) can be a powerful tool to study neurodevelopment in piglets, but many of the mri resources have been produced for adult humans. here, we present an average in vivo mri-based atlas specific for the 4-week-old piglet. in addition, we have developed probabilistic tissue classifi ... | 2014 | 25254955 |
| indirect genetic effects for growth rate in domestic pigs alter aggressive and manipulative biting behaviour. | indirect genetic effects (iges) are heritable effects of an individual on phenotypic values of others, and may result from social interactions. we determined the behavioural consequences of selection for iges for growth (igeg) in pigs in a g × e treatment design. pigs (n = 480) were selected for high versus low igeg with a contrast of 14 g average daily gain and were housed in either barren or straw-enriched pens (n = 80). high igeg pigs showed from 8 to 23 weeks age 40% less aggressive biting ( ... | 2014 | 25227986 |
| low tidal volume pressure support versus controlled ventilation in early experimental sepsis in pigs. | in moderate acute respiratory distress syndrome (ards) several studies support the usage of assisted spontaneous breathing modes. only limited data, however, focus on the application in systemic sepsis and developing lung injury. the present study examines the effects of immediate initiation of pressure support ventilation (psv) in a model of sepsis-induced ards. | 2014 | 25189285 |
| a comparative anatomic and physiologic overview of the porcine heart. | despite advances during the last 2 decades in every aspect of cardiovascular research (interventional cardiology, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and so forth), western societies still are plagued by the consequences of cardiovascular disease. consequently the discovery of new regimens and therapeutic interventions is of utmost importance. research using human subjects is associated with substantial methodologic and ethical considerations, and the quest for an appropriate animal model for the hum ... | 0 | 25255064 |
| development of a closed-artery catheter-based myocardial infarction in pigs using sponge and lidocaine hydrochloride infusion to prevent irreversible ventricular fibrillation. | the objectives of this study were to develop a robust, homogeneous, viable and inexpensive model of closed-artery catheter-based model of myocardial infarction (mi) in pigs without major cardiac dysfunction. suitable animal models that mimic human cardiovascular conditions are of paramount importance to understand the effects of novel therapeutic strategies to improve tissue perfusion and prevent cardiac deterioration post-mi. pigs (n = 21, bw = 17 ± 1 kg) receiving continuous iv lidocaine hydro ... | 2014 | 25168871 |
| crossover of the hypothalamic pituitary-adrenal/interrenal, -thyroid, and -gonadal axes in testicular development. | besides the well-known function of thyroid hormones (ths) for regulating metabolism, it has recently been discovered that ths are also involved in testicular development in mammalian and non-mammalian species. ths, in combination with follicle stimulating hormone, lead to androgen synthesis in danio rerio, which results in the onset of spermatogenesis in the testis, potentially relating the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (hpt) gland to the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (hpg) axes. furthermore, ... | 2014 | 25221542 |
| xenografting of testicular tissue pieces: 12 years of an in vivo spermatogenesis system. | spermatogenesis is a dynamic and complex process that involves endocrine and testicular factors. during xenotransplantation of testicular tissue fragments into immunodecifient mice, a functional communication between host brain and donor testis is established. this interaction allows for the progression of spermatogenesis and recovery of fertilisation-competent spermatozoa from a broad range of mammalian species. in the last few years, significant progress has been achieved in testis tissue xeno ... | 2014 | 25150043 |
| differential axonal conduction patterns of mechano-sensitive and mechano-insensitive nociceptors--a combined experimental and modelling study. | cutaneous pain sensations are mediated largely by c-nociceptors consisting of both mechano-sensitive (cm) and mechano-insensitive (cmi) fibres that can be distinguished from one another according to their characteristic axonal properties. in healthy skin and relative to cmi fibres, cm fibres show a higher initial conduction velocity, less activity-dependent conduction velocity slowing, and less prominent post-spike supernormality. however, after sensitization with nerve growth factor, the electr ... | 2014 | 25136824 |
| microscopy and genomic analysis of mycoplasma parvum strain indiana. | mycoplasma parvum [eperythrozoon parvum] is the second hemotrophic mycoplasma (hemoplasma) described in pigs. unlike m. suis, its closest phylogenetic relative, m. parvum, is considered a non-pathogenic bacterium in this host species. natural infection of a domestic, 6-month-old splenectomized pig with m. parvum strain indiana is described herein. light and scanning electron microscopy of the bacteria were performed in addition to whole genome sequencing, analysis, and comparison to the genome o ... | 2014 | 25113534 |
| therapeutic uses of animal biles in traditional chinese medicine: an ethnopharmacological, biophysical chemical and medicinal review. | forty-four different animal biles obtained from both invertebrates and vertebrates (including human bile) have been used for centuries for a host of maladies in traditional chinese medicine (tcm) beginning with dog, ox and common carp biles approximately in the zhou dynasty (c. 1046-256 bce). overall, different animal biles were prescribed principally for the treatment of liver, biliary, skin (including burns), gynecological and heart diseases, as well as diseases of the eyes, ears, nose, mouth ... | 0 | 25110425 |
| brain mass and encephalization quotients in the domestic industrial pig (sus scrofa). | in the present study we examined the brain of fetal, newborn, and adult pigs raised for meat production. the fresh and formalin-fixed weights of the brain have been recorded and used, together with body weight, to calculate the encephalization quotient (eq). the weight of the cerebellum has been used to calculate the cerebellar quotient (cq). the results have been discussed together with analogue data obtained in other terrestrial cetartiodactyla (including the domestic bovine, sheep, goat, and ... | 2016 | 27351807 |
| the importance of the altricial - precocial spectrum for social complexity in mammals and birds - a review. | various types of long-term stable relationships that individuals uphold, including cooperation and competition between group members, define social complexity in vertebrates. numerous life history, physiological and cognitive traits have been shown to affect, or to be affected by, such social relationships. as such, differences in developmental modes, i.e. the 'altricial-precocial' spectrum, may play an important role in understanding the interspecific variation in occurrence of social interacti ... | 2017 | 28115975 |
| conserved gene expression in sperm reservoirs between birds and mammals in response to mating. | spermatozoa are stored in the oviductal functional sperm reservoir in animals with internal fertilization, including zoologically distant classes such as pigs or poultry. they are held fertile in the reservoir for times ranging from a couple of days (in pigs), to several weeks (in chickens), before they are gradually released to fertilize the newly ovulated eggs. it is currently unknown whether females from these species share conserved mechanisms to tolerate such a lengthy presence of immunolog ... | 2017 | 28100167 |
| dantrolene versus amiodarone for cardiopulmonary resuscitation: a randomized, double-blinded experimental study. | dantrolene was introduced for treatment of malignant hyperthermia. it also has antiarrhythmic properties and may thus be an alternative to amiodarone for the treatment of ventricular fibrillation (vf). aim of this study was to compare the return of spontaneous circulation (rosc) with dantrolene and amiodarone in a pig model of cardiac arrest. vf was induced in anesthetized pigs. after 8 min of untreated vf, chest compressions and ventilation were started and one of the drugs (amiodarone 5 mg kg( ... | 2017 | 28098197 |
| presence of zoonotic cryptosporidium scrofarum, giardia duodenalis assemblage a and enterocytozoon bieneusi genotypes in captive eurasian wild boars (sus scrofa) in china: potential for zoonotic transmission. | cryptosporidium spp., giardia duodenalis and enterocytozoon bieneusi are the main causal pathogens of gastrointestinal disease. however, there are limited reports about the prevalence of these organisms in captive eurasian wild boars worldwide. therefore, we examined the occurrence and identified the species/assemblages/genotypes of these pathogens in captive eurasian wild boars, and estimated the zoonotic potential. | 2017 | 28061911 |
| rope-based oral fluid sampling for early detection of classical swine fever in domestic pigs at group level. | non-invasive sampling techniques based on the analysis of oral fluid specimen have gained substantial importance in the field of swine herd management. methodological advances have a focus on endemic viral diseases in commercial pig production. more recently, these approaches have been adapted to non-invasive sampling of wild boar for transboundary animal disease detection for which these effective population level sampling methods have not been available. in this study, a rope-in-a-bait based o ... | 2017 | 28056961 |
| exploring the cockatiel (nymphicus hollandicus) fecal microbiome, bacterial inhabitants of a worldwide pet. | cockatiels (nymphicus hollandicus) were originally endemic to australia; now they are popular pets with a global distribution. it is now possible to conduct detailed molecular studies on cultivable and uncultivable bacteria that are part of the intestinal microbiome of healthy animals. these studies show that bacteria are an essential part of the metabolic capacity of animals. there are few studies on bird microbiomes and, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the cockatiel m ... | 2016 | 28028487 |
| porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) evolution before and after the vaccination introduction: a large scale epidemiological study. | since their commercialization, vaccines against porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) have been the cornerstone control strategy. nevertheless, the periodic emergence of new genotype waves and the recent reports of vaccine failure outbreaks have raised the question if widespread vaccination strategies could have driven viral evolution and affected different genotype fitness. to investigate this issue an in-deep analysis, based on a bioinformatics and biostatistics approach, has been implemented. orf2 ... | 2016 | 27991573 |
| hepatitis e virus in 3 types of laboratory animals, china, 2012-2015. | we found seroprevalences for hepatitis e virus (hev) of 7.5%, 18.5%, and 83.3% in specific pathogen-free (spf) laboratory rabbits, monkeys, and pigs, respectively, in china. hev rna was detected in 4.8% of spf rabbits, and 11 rabbits had latent infections. screening for hev in spf animals before relevant experiments are conducted is recommended. | 2016 | 27314902 |
| preventive measures aimed at minimizing the risk of african swine fever virus spread in pig farming systems. | african swine fever (asf) is one of the most severe diseases of pigs; it has a drastic impact on the pig industry, causing serious socio-economic consequences to pig farmers and pork producers. in europe, there are currently two main clusters of infection; one in sardinia caused by strains of african swine fever virus (asfv) belonging to genotype i and another in eastern europe caused by strains of asfv belonging to genotype ii. the latter is inducing an acute form of asf and it represents a ser ... | 2016 | 27899125 |
| neuronal and glial changes in the brain resulting from explosive blast in an experimental model. | mild traumatic brain injury (mtbi) is the signature injury in warfighters exposed to explosive blasts. the pathology underlying mtbi is poorly understood, as this condition is rarely fatal and thus postmortem brains are difficult to obtain for neuropathological studies. here we report on studies of an experimental model with a gyrencephalic brain that is exposed to single and multiple explosive blast pressure waves. to determine injuries to the brain resulting from the primary blast, experimenta ... | 2016 | 27884214 |
| str profiling for discrimination between wild and domestic swine specimens and between main breeds of domestic pigs reared in belarus. | a panel comprising 16 short tandem repeats (strs) and a gender-specific amelogenin marker was worked out and tested for robustness in discrimination between wild and domestic swine subspecies encountered in europe, between regional populations of wild boars and between main breeds of domestic pigs reared in belarus. the str dataset comprised 310 wild boars, inhabiting all administrative regions of belarus, and 313 domestic pigs, representing three local and three cosmopolitan lines. additionally ... | 2016 | 27851802 |
| the assessment of facial expressions in piglets undergoing tail docking and castration: toward the development of the piglet grimace scale. | many piglets are exposed to potentially painful husbandry procedures within the first week of life, including tail docking and castration, without the provision of either anesthesia or analgesia. the assessment methods used to evaluate pain experienced by piglets are often affected by low specificity and practical limitations, prompting the investigation of alternative methodologies. the assessment of changes in facial expression following a painful event has been successfully applied to several ... | 2016 | 27896270 |
| mood and personality interact to determine cognitive biases in pigs. | cognitive bias has become a popular way to access non-human animal mood, though inconsistent results have been found. in humans, mood and personality interact to determine cognitive bias, but to date, this has not been investigated in non-human animals. here, we demonstrate for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, in a non-human animal, the domestic pig (sus scrofa domesticus), that mood and personality interact, impacting on judgement. pigs with a more proactive personality were more l ... | 0 | 27852940 |
| piglets learn to use combined human-given visual and auditory signals to find a hidden reward in an object choice task. | although animals rarely use only one sense to communicate, few studies have investigated the use of combinations of different signals between animals and humans. this study assessed for the first time the spontaneous reactions of piglets to human pointing gestures and voice in an object-choice task with a reward. piglets (sus scrofa domestica) mainly use auditory signals-individually or in combination with other signals-to communicate with their conspecifics. their wide hearing range (42 hz to 4 ... | 2016 | 27792731 |
| a generic quantitative risk assessment framework for the entry of bat-borne zoonotic viruses into the european union. | bat-borne viruses have been linked to a number of zoonotic diseases; in 2014 there have been human cases of nipah virus (niv) in bangladesh and ebola virus in west and central africa. here we describe a model designed to provide initial quantitative predictions of the risk of entry of such viruses to european union (eu) member states (mss) through four routes: human travel, legal trade (e.g. fruit and animal products), live animal movements and illegal importation of bushmeat. the model utilises ... | 2016 | 27788234 |
| the influence of root surface distance to alveolar bone and periodontal ligament on periodontal wound healing. | the purpose of this animal study was to perform a 3-dimensional micro-computed tomography (micro-ct) analysis in order to investigate the influence of root surface distance to the alveolar bone and the periodontal ligament on periodontal wound healing after a guided tissue regeneration (gtr) procedure. | 2016 | 27800213 |
| evidence for karyotype polymorphism in the free-living flatworm, macrostomum lignano, a model organism for evolutionary and developmental biology. | over the past decade, the free-living flatworm macrostomum lignano has been successfully used in many areas of biology, including embryology, stem cells, sexual selection, bioadhesion and aging. the increased use of this powerful laboratory model, including the establishment of genomic resources and tools, makes it essential to have a detailed description of the chromosome organization of this species, previously suggested to have a karyotype with 2n = 8 and one pair of large and three pairs of ... | 2016 | 27755577 |
| application of a handheld pressure application measurement device for the characterisation of mechanical nociceptive thresholds in intact pig tails. | the assessment of nociceptive thresholds is employed in animals and humans to evaluate changes in sensitivity potentially arising from tissue damage. its application on the intact pig tail might represent a suitable method to assess changes in nociceptive thresholds arising from tail injury, such as tail docking or tail biting. the pressure application measurement (pam) device is used here for the first time on the tail of pigs to determine the reliability of the methods and to provide novel dat ... | 2016 | 27422675 |
| xenon protects left ventricular diastolic function during acute ischemia, less than ischemic preconditioning. | anesthetics modify regional left ventricular (lv) dysfunction following ischemia/reperfusion but their effects on global function in this setting are less clear. aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that xenon would limit global lv dysfunction as caused by acute anterior wall ischemia, comparable to ischemic preconditioning. in an open-chest model under thiopental anesthesia, 30 pigs underwent 60-minute left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion, followed by 120 minutes of reperf ... | 2016 | 27867480 |
| evaluation of the human adaptation of influenza a/h7n9 virus in pb2 protein using human and swine respiratory tract explant cultures. | novel avian h7n9 virus emerged in china in 2013 resulting in a case fatality rate of around 39% and continues to pose zoonotic and pandemic risk. amino acid substitutions in pb2 protein were shown to influence the pathogenicity and transmissibility of h7n9 following experimental infection of ferrets and mice. in this study, we evaluated the role of amino acid substitution pb2-627k or compensatory changes at pb2-591k and pb2-701n, on the tropism and replication competence of h7n9 viruses for huma ... | 2016 | 27739468 |
| new experiments and a model-driven approach for interpreting middle stone age lithic point function using the edge damage distribution method. | the middle stone age (msa) is associated with early evidence for symbolic material culture and complex technological innovations. however, one of the most visible aspects of msa technologies are unretouched triangular stone points that appear in the archaeological record as early as 500,000 years ago in africa and persist throughout the msa. how these tools were being used and discarded across a changing pleistocene landscape can provide insight into how msa populations prioritized technological ... | 2016 | 27736886 |
| preclinical study of single-dose moxidectin, a new oral treatment for scabies: efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics compared to two-dose ivermectin in a porcine model. | scabies is one of the commonest dermatological conditions globally; however it is a largely underexplored and truly neglected infectious disease. foremost, improvement in the management of this public health burden is imperative. current treatments with topical agents and/or oral ivermectin (ivm) are insufficient and drug resistance is emerging. moxidectin (mox), with more advantageous pharmacological profiles may be a promising alternative. | 2016 | 27732588 |
| expressed alleles of imprinted igf2, dlk1 and meg3 colocalize in 3d-preserved nuclei of porcine fetal cells. | to explore the relationship between spatial genome organization and gene expression in the interphase nucleus, we used a genomic imprinting model, which offers parental-specific gene expression. using 3d fish in porcine fetal liver cells, we compared the nuclear organization of the two parental alleles (expressed or not) of insulin-like growth factor 2 (igf2), a paternally imprinted gene located on chromosome 2. we investigated whether its nuclear positioning favors specific locus associations. ... | 2016 | 27716032 |
| leading edge analysis of transcriptomic changes during pseudorabies virus infection. | eight rna samples taken from the tracheobronchial lymph nodes (tbln) of pigs that were either infected or non-infected with a feral isolate of porcine pseudorabies virus (prv) were used to investigate changes in gene expression related to the pathogen. the rna was processed into fastq files for each library prior to being analyzed using illumina digital gene expression tag profiling sequences (dgetp) which were used as the downstream measure of differential expression. analyzed tags consisted of ... | 2016 | 27766207 |
| an in vivo multi-modal structural template for neonatal piglets using high angular resolution and population-based whole-brain tractography. | an increasing number of applications use the postnatal piglet model in neuroimaging studies, however, these are based primarily on t1 weighted image templates. there is a growing need for a multimodal structural brain template for a comprehensive depiction of the piglet brain, particularly given the growing applications of diffusion weighted imaging for characterizing tissue microstructures and white matter organization. in this study, we present the first multimodal piglet structural brain temp ... | 2016 | 27729850 |
| divergent sapovirus strains and infection prevalence in wild carnivores in the serengeti ecosystem: a long-term study. | the genus sapovirus, in the family caliciviridae, includes enteric viruses of humans and domestic animals. information on sapovirus infection of wildlife is limited and is currently lacking for any free-ranging wildlife species in africa. by screening a large number of predominantly fecal samples (n = 631) obtained from five carnivore species in the serengeti ecosystem, east africa, sapovirus rna was detected in the spotted hyena (crocuta crocuta, family hyaenidae), african lion (panthera leo, f ... | 2016 | 27661997 |
| between the vinča and linearbandkeramik worlds: the diversity of practices and identities in the 54th-53rd centuries cal bc in southwest hungary and beyond. | perhaps nowhere in european prehistory does the idea of clearly-defined cultural boundaries remain more current than in the initial neolithic, where the southeast-northwest trend of the spread of farming crosses what is perceived as a sharp divide between the balkans and central europe. this corresponds to a distinction between the vinča culture package, named for a classic site in serbia, with its characteristic pottery assemblage and absence of longhouses, and the linearbandkeramik (lbk), with ... | 2016 | 27746586 |
| detection and molecular characterization of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in lithuanian wild boar populations. | porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) is recognized worldwide as an important and economically devastating pathogen in pig production. although prrsv is widespread in domestic swine, there is a lack of information regarding prrsv infection in european wild boars (sus scrofa). currently available information does not provide conclusive evidence that wild boars are a reservoir of prrsv. nevertheless, wild boars may be likely to become infected by domestic swine through occasi ... | 2016 | 27608974 |
| copy number variation contributes to cryptic genetic variation in outbreak lineages of cryptococcus gattii from the north american pacific northwest. | copy number variants (cnvs) are a class of structural variants (svs) and are defined as fragments of dna that are present at variable copy number in comparison with a reference genome. recent advances in bioinformatics methodologies and sequencing technologies have enabled the high-resolution quantification of genome-wide cnvs. in pathogenic fungi svs have been shown to alter gene expression, influence host specificity, and drive fungicide resistance, but little attention has focused specificall ... | 2016 | 27590805 |
| new polymorphism of the influenza virus resistance mx1 gene in iberian domestic pigs. | mx1 (myxovirus (influenza virus) resistance 1, interferon-inducible protein p78) gene has been implicated in the resistance to a wide range of rna viruses including influenza a in several species such as sus scrofa. in the present study a 28-bp deletion in exon 14 of the mx1 gene has been identified in iberian domestic pigs but not in other domestic breeds neither in wild boars. the mutation produces a frameshift giving a protein with 6 amino acid substitutions and the extension of the c-termina ... | 0 | 27774491 |
| endoscopic ultrasonography-guided placement of a transhepatic portal vein stent in a live porcine model. | percutaneous portal vein (pv) stent placement is used to manage pv occlusion or stenosis caused by malignancy. the use of endoscopic ultrasonography (eus) has expanded to include vascular interventions. the aim of this study was to examine the technical feasibility and safety of eus-guided transhepatic pv stent placement in a live porcine model. | 0 | 27803904 |
| assessment of domestic pigs, wild boars and feral hybrid pigs as reservoirs of hepatitis e virus in corsica, france. | in corsica, extensive pig breeding systems allow frequent interactions between wild boars and domestic pigs, which are suspected to act as reservoirs of several zoonotic diseases including hepatitis e virus (hev). in this context, 370 sera and 166 liver samples were collected from phenotypically characterized as pure or hybrid wild boars, between 2009 and 2012. in addition, serum and liver from 208 domestic pigs belonging to 30 farms were collected at the abattoir during the end of 2013. anti-he ... | 2016 | 27556478 |
| molecular mechanisms of biological aging in intervertebral discs. | advanced age is the greatest risk factor for the majority of human ailments, including spine-related chronic disability and back pain, which stem from age-associated intervertebral disc degeneration (idd). given the rapid global rise in the aging population, understanding the biology of intervertebral disc aging in order to develop effective therapeutic interventions to combat the adverse effects of aging on disc health is now imperative. fortunately, recent advances in aging research have begun ... | 2016 | 26890203 |
| development of primer pairs from molecular typing of rabies virus variants present in mexico. | nucleoprotein (n) gene from rabies virus (rabv) is a useful sequence target for variant studies. several specific rabv variants have been characterized in different mammalian hosts such as skunk, dog, and bats by using anti-nucleocapsid monoclonal antibodies (mabs) via indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) test, a technique not available in many laboratories in mexico. in the present study, a total of 158 sequences of n gene from rabv were used to design eight pairs of primers (four external and f ... | 2016 | 27563666 |
| an oral aujeszky's disease vaccine (ys-400) induces neutralizing antibody in pigs. | aujeszky's disease (ad) is an economically important disease affecting both wild and domestic pigs of the species sus scrofa. a previous study yielded serological evidence of ad in korean wild boars, which could spread ad to other animals. a new aujeszky's disease virus (adv) bait vaccine is required to prevent ad outbreaks in swine. in the present study, we investigated the safety and immunogenicity of a ge-deleted marker vaccine, strain ys-400, in young domestic pigs. | 2016 | 27489803 |
| allometric scaling of the elevation of maternal energy intake during lactation. | in most mammals, lactating mothers dramatically increase their food intake after parturition and reach a peak intake rate after a certain time while their offspring continue to grow. a common view, perpetuated by the metabolic theory of ecology, is that the allometric scaling of maternal metabolic rate with body mass limits the changes in energy intake and expenditure. therefore these potential effects of metabolic scaling should be reflected in the elevation of maternal energy intake during lac ... | 2016 | 27418939 |
| histopathological characterization of tail injury and traumatic neuroma development after tail docking in piglets. | tail docking of neonatal pigs is widely used as a measure to reduce the incidence of tail biting, a complex management problem in the pig industry. concerns exist over the long-term consequences of tail docking for possible tail stump pain sensitivity due to the development of traumatic neuromas in injured peripheral nerves. tail stumps were obtained post mortem from four female pigs at each of 1, 4, 8 and 16 weeks following tail amputation (approximately two-thirds removed) by a gas-heated dock ... | 2016 | 27302763 |
| evidence of aujeszky's disease in wild boar in serbia. | aujeszky's disease is a viral disease of suids caused by suid herpesvirus 1. the disease has worldwide distribution with significant economic impact. in serbia, there is neither an aujeszky's disease eradication nor national vaccination programme of domestic pigs. since clinical symptoms of aujeszky's disease are not specific, it is important to establish a link between clinical signs and presence of adv active infection in wild boars. the aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of ... | 2016 | 27357597 |
| acoustic signalling reflects personality in a social mammal. | social interactions among individuals are often mediated through acoustic signals. if acoustic signals are consistent and related to an individual's personality, these consistent individual differences in signalling may be an important driver in social interactions. however, few studies in non-human mammals have investigated the relationship between acoustic signalling and personality. here we show that acoustic signalling rate is repeatable and strongly related to personality in a highly social ... | 2016 | 27429775 |
| identification of a novel host-specific igm protease in streptococcus suis. | streptococcus suis serotype 2 is a highly invasive, extracellular pathogen in pigs with the capacity to cause severe infections in humans. this study was initiated by the finding that igm degradation products are released after opsonization of s. suis. the objective of this work was to identify the bacterial factor responsible for igm degradation. the results of this study showed that a member of the ides family, designated ide(ssuis) (immunoglobulin m-degrading enzyme of s. suis), is responsibl ... | 2012 | 23243300 |
| a high throughput genotyping approach reveals distinctive autosomal genetic signatures for european and near eastern wild boar. | the lack of a near eastern genetic signature in modern european porcine breeds indicates that, although domestic pigs from the fertile crescent entered europe during the neolithic, they were completely replaced by their european counterparts in a short window of time. whilst the absence of such genetic signature has been convincingly demonstrated at the mitochondrial level, variation at the autosomal genomes of european and near eastern sus scrofa has not been compared yet. herewith, we have exp ... | 2013 | 23460788 |
| species-specific vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (vmat2) expression in mammalian pancreatic beta cells: implications for optimising radioligand-based human beta cell mass (bcm) imaging in animal models. | imaging of beta cell mass (bcm) is a major challenge in diabetes research. the vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (vmat2) is abundantly expressed in human beta cells. radiolabelled analogues of tetrabenazine (tbz; a low-molecular-weight, cell-permeant vmat2-selective ligand) have been employed for pancreatic islet imaging in humans. since reports on tbz-based vmat2 imaging in rodent pancreas have been fraught with confusion, we compared vmat2 gene expression patterns in the mouse, rat, pig and hu ... | 2013 | 23404442 |
| size-related changes in foot impact mechanics in hoofed mammals. | foot-ground impact is mechanically challenging for all animals, but how do large animals mitigate increased mass during foot impact? we hypothesized that impact force amplitude scales according to isometry in animals of increasing size through allometric scaling of related impact parameters. to test this, we measured limb kinetics and kinematics in 11 species of hoofed mammals ranging from 18-3157 kg body mass. we found impact force amplitude to be maintained proportional to size in hoofed mamma ... | 2013 | 23382967 |
| research resource: the endometrium database resource (edr). | in order to understand the biology of the endometrium and potentially develop new diagnostic tools and treatments for endometrial diseases, the highly orchestrated gene expression/regulation that occurs within the uterus must first be understood. even though a wealth of information on endometrial gene expression/regulation is available, this information is scattered across several different resources in formats that can be difficult for the average bench scientist to query, integrate, and utiliz ... | 2013 | 23340253 |
| characterization of nuclear localization signal in the n terminus of integrin-linked kinase-associated phosphatase (ilkap) and its essential role in the down-regulation of rsk2 protein signaling. | integrin-linked kinase-associated phosphatase (ilkap) is a serine/threonine (s/t) phosphatase that belongs to the protein phosphatase 2c (pp2c) family. many previous studies have demonstrated that ilkap plays key roles in the regulation of cell survival and apoptosis. researchers have thus far considered ilkap a cytoplasmic protein that negatively regulates integrin signaling by interacting with and phosphorylating integrin-linked kinase 1 (ilk1). in this study, we found that both endogenous and ... | 2013 | 23329845 |
| regions of xy homology in the pig x chromosome and the boundary of the pseudoautosomal region. | sex chromosomes are subject to evolutionary pressures distinct from the remainder of the genome, shaping their structure and sequence content. we are interested in the sex chromosomes of domestic pigs (sus scrofa), how their structure and gene content compares and contrasts with other mammalian species, and the role of sex-linked genes in fertility. this requires an understanding of the xy-homologous sequence on these chromosomes.to this end, we performed microarray-based comparative genomic hyb ... | 2013 | 23320497 |
| tamoxifen decreases the myofibroblast count in the healing bile duct tissue of pigs. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of oral tamoxifen treatment on the number of myofibroblasts present during the healing process after experimental bile duct injury. | 0 | 23420165 |
| identification of genome-wide copy number variations among diverse pig breeds by array cgh. | recent studies have shown that copy number variation (cnv) in mammalian genomes contributes to phenotypic diversity, including health and disease status. in domestic pigs, cnv has been catalogued by several reports, but the extent of cnv and the phenotypic effects are far from clear. the goal of this study was to identify cnv regions (cnvrs) in pigs based on array comparative genome hybridization (acgh). | 2012 | 23265576 |
| porcine induced pluripotent stem cells require lif and maintain their developmental potential in early stage of embryos. | porcine induced pluripotent stem (pips) cell lines have been generated recently by using a cocktail of defined transcription factors, however, the features of authentic pips cells have not been agreed upon and most of published ips clones did not meet the stringent requirements of pluripotency. here, we report the generation of pips cells from fibroblasts using retrovirus carrying four mouse transcription factors (moct4, msox2, mklf4 and mc-myc, 4f). multiple lif-dependent pips cell lines were g ... | 2012 | 23251622 |
| application of change-point analysis to determine winter sleep patterns of the raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides) from body temperature recordings and a multi-faceted dietary and behavioral study of wintering. | a multi-faceted approach was used to investigate the wintertime ecophysiology and behavioral patterns of the raccoon dog, nyctereutes procyonoides, a suitable model for winter sleep studies. by utilizing gps tracking, activity sensors, body temperature (tb) recordings, change-point analysis (cpa), home range, habitat and dietary analyses, as well as fatty acid signatures (fas), the impact of the species on wintertime food webs was assessed. the timing of passive bouts was determined with multipl ... | 2012 | 23237274 |
| mitochondrial dna evidence indicates the local origin of domestic pigs in the upstream region of the yangtze river. | previous studies have indicated two main domestic pig dispersal routes in east asia: one is from the mekong region, through the upstream region of the yangtze river (uryz) to the middle and upstream regions of the yellow river, the other is from the middle and downstream regions of the yangtze river to the downstream region of the yellow river, and then to northeast china. the uryz was regarded as a passageway of the former dispersal route; however, this assumption remains to be further investig ... | 2012 | 23272130 |
| glycosylation facilitates transdermal transport of macromolecules. | stratum corneum, the outermost layer of skin, allows transport of only low-molecular weight (<500) lipophilic solutes. here, we report a surprising finding that avicins (avs), a family of naturally occurring glycosylated triterpenes with a molecular weight > 2,000, exhibit skin permeabilities comparable to those of small hydrophobic molecules, such as estradiol. systematic fragmentation of the av molecule shows that deletion of the outer monoterpene results in a 62% reduction in permeability, su ... | 2012 | 23236155 |
| effects of mobilization regimens in donors on outcomes of hematopoietic cell transplantation in miniature swine. | toxicities and complications associated with hematopoietic cell transplantation currently limit this potentially curative therapy for malignant and nonmalignant blood disorders. miniature swine provide a clinically relevant model for studies to improve posttransplantation outcomes. miniature swine recipients of high-dose haploidentical hepatopoietic cell transplantation after reduced-intensity conditioning consisting of low-dose (100 cgy) total-body irradiation, partial t-cell depletion by using ... | 0 | 23561882 |
| increased b and t cell responses in m. bovis bacille calmette-guérin vaccinated pigs co-immunized with plasmid dna encoding a prototype tuberculosis antigen. | the only tuberculosis vaccine currently available, bacille calmette-guérin (bcg) is a poor inducer of cd8(+) t cells, which are particularly important for the control of latent tuberculosis and protection against reactivation. as the induction of strong cd8(+) t cell responses is a hallmark of dna vaccines, a combination of bcg with plasmid dna encoding a prototype tb antigen (ag85a) was tested. as an alternative animal model, pigs were primed with bcg mixed with empty vector or codon-optimized ... | 2015 | 26172261 |
| genome wide distributions and functional characterization of copy number variations between chinese and western pigs. | copy number variations (cnvs) refer to large insertions, deletions and duplications in the genomic structure ranging from one thousand to several million bases in size. since the development of next generation sequencing technology, several methods have been well built for detection of copy number variations with high credibility and accuracy. evidence has shown that cnv occurring in gene region could lead to phenotypic changes due to the alteration in gene structure and dosage. however, it stil ... | 2015 | 26154170 |
| alpha-crystallin-derived peptides as therapeutic chaperones. | the demonstration of chaperone-like activity in peptides (mini-chaperones) derived from α-crystallin's chaperone region has generated significant interest in exploring the therapeutic potential of peptide chaperones in diseases of protein aggregation. recent studies in experimental animals show that mini-chaperones could reach intended targets and alter the disease phenotype. although mini-chaperones show potential benefits against protein aggregation diseases, they do tend to form aggregates on ... | 2015 | 26141743 |
| using genome-wide measures of coancestry to maintain diversity and fitness in endangered and domestic pig populations. | conservation and breeding programs aim at maintaining the most diversity, thereby avoiding deleterious effects of inbreeding while maintaining enough variation from which traits of interest can be selected. theoretically, the most diversity is maintained using optimal contributions based on many markers to calculate coancestries, but this can decrease fitness by maintaining linked deleterious variants. the heterogeneous patterns of coancestry displayed in pigs make them an excellent model to tes ... | 2015 | 26063737 |
| comparisons and uncertainty in fat and adipose tissue estimation techniques: the northern elephant seal as a case study. | fat mass and body condition are important metrics in bioenergetics and physiological studies. they can also link foraging success with demographic rates, making them key components of models that predict population-level outcomes of environmental change. therefore, it is important to incorporate uncertainty in physiological indicators if results will lead to species management decisions. maternal fat mass in elephant seals (mirounga spp) can predict reproductive rate and pup survival, but no one ... | 2015 | 26121044 |
| chemical and metabolic profiling of si-ni decoction analogous formulae by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. | along with an indispensable role in healthcare system of china for centuries, traditional chinese medicine (tcm) shows increasing usages as complementary therapy in western countries. to improve our understanding on their therapeutic effects, it's critical to unveil chemical compositions of tcm formula, the predominant form of therapy in tcm. however, intrinsic chemical complexity makes it a challenging task to perform analysis on each individual tcm formula even with most current state-of-art a ... | 2015 | 26118924 |
| cross-reactivity between aeroallergens and food allergens. | in patients with respiratory allergy, cross-reactivity between aeroallergens and foods may induce food allergy, symptoms ranging from oral allergy syndrome to severe anaphylaxis. clinical entities due to ige sensitization to cross-reactive aeroallergen and food allergen components are described for many sources of plant origin (pollen-food syndromes and associations, such as birch-apple, cypress-peach and celery-mugwort-spice syndromes, and mugwort-peach, mugwort-chamomile, mugwort-mustard, ragw ... | 2015 | 26140270 |
| epitope recognition in the human-pig comparison model on fixed and embedded material. | the conditions and the specificity by which an antibody binds to its target protein in routinely fixed and embedded tissues are unknown. direct methods, such as staining in a knock-out animal or in vitro peptide scanning of the epitope, are costly and impractical. we aimed to elucidate antibody specificity and binding conditions using tissue staining and public genomic and immunological databases by comparing human and pig-the farmed mammal evolutionarily closest to humans besides apes. we used ... | 2015 | 26209082 |
| yersinia enterocolitica isolates from wild boars hunted in lower saxony, germany. | yersiniosis is strongly associated with the consumption of pork contaminated with enteropathogenic yersinia enterocolitica, which is harbored by domestic pigs without showing clinical signs of disease. in contrast to data on y. enterocolitica isolated from conventionally reared swine, investigations into the occurrence of y. enterocolitica in wild boars in germany are rare. the objectives of the study were to get knowledge about these bacteria and their occurrence in wild boars hunted in norther ... | 2015 | 25956779 |