| travel and the emergence of high-level drug resistance in plasmodium falciparum in southwest uganda: results from a population-based study. | the i164l mutation on the dhfr gene confers high level resistance to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (sp) but it is rare in africa except in a cluster of reports where prevalence >10% in highland areas of southwest uganda and eastern rwanda. the occurrence of the dhfr i164l mutation was investigated in community surveys in this area and examined the relationship to migration. | 2017 | 28415996 |
| epigenetic landscapes underlining global patterns of gene expression in the human malaria parasite, plasmodium falciparum. | the dynamic chromatin landscape displaying combinatorial complexity of the epigenome impacts gene expression that underlies many events of differentiation and cell cycle progression. in the past few years, epigenetic mechanisms have emerged as important processes involved in the tight gene regulation in malaria parasites, plasmodium spp. focusing predominantly on plasmodium falciparum, the species associated with the most severe form of the disease, many advances have been made in our understand ... | 2017 | 28414071 |
| an intricate case of multidrug resistant plasmodium falciparum isolate imported from cambodia. | imported cases of multidrug resistant plasmodium falciparum and treatment failure with artemisinin-based regimens, although rare, have been described also in western countries and their management is often challenging. this is also due to an inadequate knowledge and implementation of health prevention measures. | 2017 | 28410610 |
| influence of host factors and parasite biomass on the severity of imported plasmodium falciparum malaria. | imported malaria in france is characterized by various clinical manifestations observed in a heterogeneous population of patients such as travelers/expatriates and african migrants. in this population, host factors and parasite biomass associated with severe imported malaria are poorly known. | 2017 | 28410415 |
| an oncofetal glycosaminoglycan modification provides therapeutic access to cisplatin-resistant bladder cancer. | although cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nac) improves survival of unselected patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (mibc), only a minority responds to therapy and chemoresistance remains a major challenge in this disease setting. | 2017 | 28408175 |
| novel lead structures with both plasmodium falciparum gametocytocidal and asexual blood stage activity identified from high throughput compound screening. | blocking malaria transmission is an important step in eradicating malaria. in the field, transmission requires the production of sexual stage plasmodium parasites, called gametocytes, which are not effectively killed by the commonly used anti-malarials allowing individuals to remain infectious after clearance of asexual parasites. | 2017 | 28407766 |
| risk of daytime transmission of malaria in the french guiana rain forest. | between 2008 and 2014, there were 1070 malaria cases reported in french guiana among members of the armed forces. most of the malaria outbreaks investigated were multifactorial and followed missions conducted at illegal gold mining sites. for example, a malaria outbreak occurred in september 2013, three weeks after the deployment of 15 soldiers at dagobert, which is such a site. the attack rate was 53%, with seven plasmodium vivax infections and one coinfection with both plasmodium vivax and pla ... | 2017 | 28406404 |
| burden of asymptomatic malaria among a tribal population in a forested village of central india: a hidden challenge for malaria control in india. | chhattisgarh in india is a malaria-endemic state with seven southern districts that contributes approximately 50-60% of the reported malaria cases in the state every year. the problem is further complicated due to asymptomatic malaria cases which are largely responsible for persistent transmission. this study was undertaken in one of the forested villages of the keshkal subdistrict in kondagaon district to ascertain the proportion of the population harbouring subclinical malarial infections. | 2017 | 28404504 |
| the relative effects of artemether-lumefantrine and non-artemisinin antimalarials on gametocyte carriage and transmission of plasmodium falciparum: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | artemisinin-based combination therapies (acts) have been widely adopted as first-line agents to treat uncomplicated falciparum malaria due to their activity against multidrug resistant parasites. acts may also disrupt transmission through a direct antigametocyte effect, but the extent of this effect is uncertain. we assessed the evidence for and estimated the effects of the most widely-deployed act, artemether-lumefantrine (al), relative to non-acts on gametocyte clearance and transmission inter ... | 2017 | 28402391 |
| impact of metric and sample size on determining malaria hotspot boundaries. | the spatial heterogeneity of malaria suggests that interventions may be targeted for maximum impact. it is unclear to what extent different metrics lead to consistent delineation of hotspot boundaries. using data from a large community-based malaria survey in the western kenyan highlands, we assessed the agreement between a model-based geostatistical (mbg) approach to detect hotspots using plasmodium falciparum parasite prevalence and serological evidence for exposure. malaria transmission was w ... | 2017 | 28401903 |
| biochemistry of malaria parasite infected red blood cells by x-ray microscopy. | red blood cells infected by the malaria parasite plasmodium falciparum are correlatively imaged by tomography using soft x-rays as well as by scanning hard nano-x-ray beam to obtain fluorescence maps of various elements such as s and fe. in this way one can deduce the amount of fe bound either in hemoglobin or in hemozoin crystals in the digestive vacuole of the malaria parasite as well as determine the hemoglobin concentrations in the cytosols of the red blood cell and of the parasite. fluoresc ... | 2017 | 28400621 |
| plasmodium falciparum k13 mutations differentially impact ozonide susceptibility and parasite fitness in vitro. | the emergence and spread in southeast asia of plasmodium falciparum resistance to artemisinin (art) derivatives, the cornerstone of first-line artemisinin-based combination therapies (acts), underscore the urgent need to identify suitable replacement drugs. discovery and development efforts have identified a series of ozonides with attractive chemical and pharmacological properties that are being touted as suitable replacements. partial resistance to art, defined as delayed parasite clearance in ... | 2017 | 28400526 |
| prevalence of congenital malaria in newborns of mothers co-infected with hiv and malaria in benin city. | hiv and plasmodium falciparum malaria co-infection annually complicates about one million pregnancies in sub-saharan africa. congenital malaria (cm) has deleterious effects on newborns. little is known about the effect of co-infections on the prevalence of cm in infants born by these women. this study was carried out to determine the prevalence of cm in newborns of mothers co-infected with hiv and malaria compared to hiv-negative mothers with malaria in benin-city. | 2017 | 28399686 |
| novel carbazole aminoalcohols as inhibitors of β-hematin formation: antiplasmodial and antischistosomal activities. | malaria and schistosomiasis are two of the most socioeconomically devastating parasitic diseases in tropical and subtropical countries. since current chemotherapeutic options are limited and defective, there is an urgent need to develop novel antiplasmodials and antischistosomals. hemozoin is a disposal product formed from the hemoglobin digestion by some blood-feeding parasites. hemozoin formation is an essential process for the parasites to detoxify free heme, which is a reliable therapeutic t ... | 2017 | 28395189 |
| 2-picolylamine derivatization for high sensitivity detection of abscisic acid in apicomplexan blood-infecting parasites. | we have developed a new liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry methodology based on 2-picolylamine derivatization and positive ion mode detection for abscisic acid (aba) identification. the selected reaction leads to the formation of an amide derivative which contains a highly active pyridyl group. the enhanced ionization allows for a 700-fold increase over commonly monitored unmodified aba, which in turn leads to excellent limits of detection and quantification v ... | 2017 | 28391832 |
| artemether-lumefantrine treatment failure in nonimmune european travelers with plasmodium falciparum malaria: do we need to reconsider dosing in patients from nonendemic regions? | | 2017 | 28369315 |
| maternal microchimerism predicts increased infection but decreased disease due to plasmodium falciparum during early childhood. | a mother's infection with placental malaria (pm) can affect her child's susceptibility to malaria, although the mechanism remains unclear. the fetus acquires a small amount of maternal cells and dna known as maternal microchimerism (mmc), and we hypothesized that pm increases mmc and that mmc alters risk of plasmodium falciparum malaria during infancy. | 2017 | 28329160 |
| improving the specificity of plasmodium falciparum malaria diagnosis in high-transmission settings with a two-step rapid diagnostic test and microscopy algorithm. | poor specificity may negatively impact rapid diagnostic test (rdt)-based diagnostic strategies for malaria. we performed real-time pcr on a subset of subjects who had undergone diagnostic testing with a multiple-antigen (histidine-rich protein 2 and pan-lactate dehydrogenase pldh [hrp2/pldh]) rdt and microscopy. we determined the sensitivity and specificity of the rdt in comparison to results of pcr for the detection of plasmodium falciparum malaria. we developed and evaluated a two-step algorit ... | 2017 | 28275077 |
| simplified reversed chloroquines to overcome malaria resistance to quinoline-based drugs. | building on our earlier work of attaching a chemosensitizer (reversal agent) to a known drug pharmacophore, we have now expanded the structure-activity relationship study to include simplified versions of the chemosensitizer. the change from two aromatic rings in this head group to a single ring does not appear to detrimentally affect the antimalarial activity of the compounds. data from in vitro heme binding and β-hematin inhibition assays suggest that the single aromatic rcq compounds retain a ... | 2017 | 28193646 |
| [plasmodium falciparum resistance to artemisinin-based combination therapies (acts): fears of widespread drug resistance]. | malaria treatment with acts (artemisinin-based combination therapies), combining a chemical derivative of artemisinin, and a partner drug has, for more than 15 years, produced a notable decrease in the mortality in tropical and subtropical areas. however, since 2008, a serious threat has emerged in western cambodia, where the clinical efficacy of artemisinins has significantly declined, with a delayed parasite clearance rate and high recrudescence rates in the following weeks. resistance of plas ... | 2016 | 28644374 |
| in vivo efficacy of artesunate/sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine versus artesunate/amodiaquine in the treatment of uncomplicated p. falciparium malaria in children around the slope of mount cameroon: a randomized controlled trial. | the development and spread of antimalarial drug resistant parasites contributes to the global impact of the disease. in vivo efficacy assessments of treatments for plasmodium falciparum malaria are essential for ensuring effective case management. artemisinin-based combinations have been adopted as the first-line treatment for uncomplicated p. falciparum malaria in cameroon since 2004. | 2016 | 28536372 |
| a case of acute interstitial nephritis and granulomatous hepatitis induced by ingesting quinine. | quinine is used for the treatment of malarial infection, though not in common use. it is especially valuable for the parenteral treatment of severe illness owing to drug-resistant strains of plasmodium falciparum. quinine is also known to occasionally cause acute renal failure (arf). although quinine is listed in some reviews as a cause of acute interstitial nephritis, most cases of quinine-associated acute renal failure have been attributed to the hemolytic-uremic syndrome (hus). only two cases ... | 2015 | 28509275 |
| malaria mortality in africa and asia: evidence from indepth health and demographic surveillance system sites. | background malaria continues to be a major cause of infectious disease mortality in tropical regions. however, deaths from malaria are most often not individually documented, and as a result overall understanding of malaria epidemiology is inadequate. indepth network members maintain population surveillance in health and demographic surveillance system sites across africa and asia, in which individual deaths are followed up with verbal autopsies. objective to present patterns of malaria mortalit ... | 2014 | 28672494 |
| containing artemisinin resistance of plasmodium falciparum in myanmar: achievements, challenges and the way forward. | artemisinin resistance is a major threat to global malaria control and elimination efforts. myanmar detected the first indication of the resistance in 2009 in the eastern part of the country, bordering thailand. since 2010, who has played a vital role in ensuring that a comprehensive programme on the containment of the resistance is in place. this paper documents achievement made in terms of output, outcomes and early impact on malaria from july 2011 to december 2013. it also identifies enabling ... | 2017 | 28607262 |
| sera from lupus patients inhibit growth of p. falciparum in culture. | a large number of mal ariaimmun e persons from eastern india were found to possess antibodies to the ribosomal phosphoprotein po (pfpo) of the human malarial parasite plasmodium falciparum. the characterization of pfpo has been reported recently, and it has been shown that antibodies against pfpo inhibit p. falciparum in vitro. about 0-15% of th e patients suffering from the autoimmune disorder systemic lupus erythematosus (sle) possess autoantibodies to the human ribosomal p proteins. inorder t ... | 2001 | 28561623 |
| malaria control amongst troops involved in counter insurgency operation in resistant plasmodium falciparum areas. | incidence of malaria in troops carrying out counter-insurgency operation in thick jungles in north east region was compared for the year 1995 and 1996. since troops were on constant move in thick jungles in hostile environment and they have to sleep and rest outdoor, use of mosquito net was not feasible in both years. counter-insurgency operation lasted for two and half months in both the years from last week of march - 1st week of june. inspite of troops being on 300mg chloroquine (base) per we ... | 1998 | 28775439 |
| study of chloroquine resistance in plasmodium falciparum infection in north east india. | during the period april 1993 to july 1993, a total of 410 patients with pyrexia were screened for malarial parasite and 109 (26.5%) cases were found positive for malarial parasite. of these 109 cases, 91 were positive for plasmodium falciparum. of these 91 cases, 43 patients fulfilled the study criteria as per who's extended field trial and were included in the analysis. these patients were treated with standard doses of chloroquine. seven patients each (16.3%) showed ri and rii resistance and 2 ... | 1997 | 28769454 |