| microscopy and culture for trichomonas vaginalis: are both required? | many genitourinary medicine clinics have stopped routinely performing both wet preparation microscopy and cultures to diagnose trichomonas vaginalis (tv). our directorate stopped microscopy when screening asymptomatic women. this audit considers whether both tests continue to be warranted for symptomatic female patients. the discrepancy between microscopy and culture results leads us to recommend that both remain necessary. sampling standardization and improved documentation are discussed. | 2006 | 16734968 |
| cysteine biosynthesis in trichomonas vaginalis involves cysteine synthase utilizing o-phosphoserine. | trichomonas vaginalis is an early divergent eukaryote with many unusual biochemical features. it is an anaerobic protozoan parasite of humans that is thought to rely heavily on cysteine as a major redox buffer, because it lacks glutathione. we report here that for synthesis of cysteine from sulfide, t. vaginalis relies upon cysteine synthase. the enzyme (tvcs1) can use either o-acetylserine or o-phosphoserine as substrates. the k(m) values of the enzyme for sulfide are very low (0.02 mm), sugges ... | 2006 | 16735516 |
| antiparasitic activity of two lavandula essential oils against giardia duodenalis, trichomonas vaginalis and hexamita inflata. | two essential oils derived from lavandula angustifolia and lavandula x intermedia were investigated for any antiparasitic activity against the human protozoal pathogens giardia duodenalis and trichomonas vaginalis and the fish pathogen hexamita inflata: all of which have significant infection and economic impacts. the study has demonstrated that low (< or = 1%) concentrations of l. angustifolia and l. x intermedia oil can completely eliminate t. vaginalis, g. duodenalis and h. inflata in vitro. ... | 2006 | 16741725 |
| incidence and correlates of unwanted sex in relationships of middle and late adolescent women. | to determine the 3-month incidence of unwanted sex and to examine relationship factors and health-risk behaviors associated with incident unwanted sex. | 2006 | 16754820 |
| a community-based study of risk factors for trichomonas vaginalis infection among women and their male partners in moshi urban district, northern tanzania. | the objective of this study was to determine predictors of trichomonas vaginalis among women and their partners in moshi, tanzania. | 2006 | 16755271 |
| alfred donné and léon foucault: the first applications of electricity and photography to medical illustration. | the first electric projecting microscope and the first published photomicrographs harnessed recent technological developments to provide improved methods of medical illustration for educational purposes. both projects were the work of two frenchmen. the impetus came from the microscopist dr alfred donné (1801-78), discoverer of trichomonas vaginalis and leukaemia. implementation was primarily by his medical-student assistant, léon foucault (1819-68), who later gained fame as a physicist, especia ... | 2006 | 16766307 |
| the vi-sense-vaginal discharge self-test to facilitate management of vaginal symptoms. | this study was undertaken to evaluate a diagnostic panty liner (vi-sense) (common sense, caesarea, israel) developed to facilitate diagnosis of vaginal infections by detecting disordered acidity level. | 2006 | 16769019 |
| dependence on p38 mapk signalling in the up-regulation of tlr2, tlr4 and tlr9 gene expression in trichomonas vaginalis-treated hela cells. | toll-like receptors (tlrs) are pattern recognition receptors (prrs) that recognize conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns (pamps) synthesized by micro-organisms. despite the essential requirement for tlrs in prokaryotic infection, the pattern and regulation of tlr gene expression by trichomonas vaginalis in the mucocutaneous barrier are still unknown. our hypothesis is that t. vaginalis-infected epithelial cells are major effector cells in the skin barrier. these cells function as a ce ... | 2006 | 16771851 |
| interaction between trichomonas vaginalis and human spermatozoa in the female genital tract: papanicolaou-stained cervical smear findings. | | 2006 | 16780038 |
| cross-reactivity of trichomonas in cervical p16ink4a immunocytochemistry is dependent on antibody, not antigen. | | 2006 | 16783782 |
| lack of evidence for the involvement of rectal and oral trichomonads in the aetiology of vaginal trichomoniasis in ghana. | to investigate the possible involvement of human trichomonads (pentatrichomonas hominis and trichomonas tenax) other than trichomonas vaginalis in the aetiology of vaginal trichomoniasis. | 2007 | 16790560 |
| synthesis of benzenepropanamine analogues as non-detergent spermicides with antitrichomonas and anticandida activities. | fifteen analogues of benzenepropanamine were synthesized and evaluated for their spermicidal as well as microbicidal activities against trichomonas vaginalis and candida spp. several compounds showed appreciable dual activities. compound 12 exhibited good spermicidal (mec=0.1%) along with substantial anticandidal (mic=0.05%) activities, while compounds 3 and 6 showed significant microbicidal activities with moderate spermicidal effect. the sar of these structures is being discussed here in this ... | 2006 | 16793275 |
| trichomonas vaginalis and trichomoniasis in the republic of korea. | vaginal trichomoniasis, caused by trichomonas vaginalis, is the most common sexually transmitted disease. more than 170 million people worldwide are annually infected by this protozoan. in the republic of korea, 10.4% of women complaining of vaginal symptoms and signs were found to be infected with t. vaginalis. however, despite its high prevalence, the pathogenesis of t. vaginalis infection has not been clearly characterized although neutrophil infiltration is considered to be primarily respons ... | 2006 | 16809958 |
| sociodemographic markers and behavioral correlates of sexually transmitted infections in a nonclinical sample of adolescent and young adult women. | we examined sociodemographic markers and 3-month behavioral correlates of sexually transmitted infections (stis) in a nonclinical cross-section of adolescent and young adult women. | 2006 | 16826478 |
| is the presence of trichomonas on a pap smear associated with an increased incidence of bacterial vaginosis? | bacterial vaginosis (bv) is associated with significant morbidity. bacterial vaginosis is due to an overgrowth of anaerobic organisms in the vagina. it has been postulated that the presence of trichomonas creates an anaerobic environment that favors bv. thus, bv should be more frequent in the presence of trichomonas if trichomonas is creating a favorable anaerobic environment. | 2006 | 16829751 |
| symbiosis of mycoplasma hominis in trichomonas vaginalis may link metronidazole resistance in vitro. | fourteen of 28 trichomonas vaginalis isolates collected from patients in guangzhou, china from 2003 to 2004 were found to be naturally infected with mycoplasma hominis, as determined by pcr using specific primers. in vitro metronidazole sensitivity assay of the 28 isolates revealed four displaying low susceptibility [minimum lethal concentration (mlc)= approximately 13-25 microg/ml] and another four displaying high resistance (mlc=50-100 microg/ml). the overwhelming majority of these resistant i ... | 2006 | 16847608 |
| association of bacterial vaginosis, trichomonas vaginalis, and vaginal acidity with outcome of pregnancy. | bacterial vaginosis and trichomons vaginalis are believed to be the risk factors for preterm labor birth and preterm prelabor rupture of membranes. the objective of this study was to investigate the association between bacterial vaginosis, t.vaginalis, and vaginal ph with preterm labor birth and preterm prelabor rupture of membranes after excluding other known risk factors. | 2006 | 16859053 |
| [detection of mycoplasma hominis in trichomonas vaginalis by pcr]. | twelve of 28 isolates of trichomonas vaginalis collected from patients in hospitals in guangzhou were found naturally infected with mycoplasma hominis by pcr using specific primers. it suggests that the symbiosis of m. hominis in t. vaginalis also commonly occurs in china. | 2006 | 16862916 |
| [preparation, characterization and preliminary application of recombinant protein ap33 of trichomonas vaginalis]. | to clone ap33 gene of trichomonas vaginalis( t. v), construct prokaryotic expression system of the gene and identify its antigenicity and immunogenicity. | 2006 | 16866139 |
| [construction of eukaryotic expression recombinant plasmid of trichomonas vaginalis ferredoxin gene]. | total dna was extracted from t. vaginalis with chelex-100 method and used as templates for pcr. the ferredoxin gene was directionally cloned into plasmid pmd-18t vector and subcloned into eukaryotic expression vector pcdna3. 1 (+). the transformants were screened and identified by pcr and restriction analysis. the size of amplified ferredoxin gene was 306bp and the dna sequence of cloned gene was same with that published. | 2006 | 16866153 |
| predicting antitrichomonal activity: a computational screening using atom-based bilinear indices and experimental proofs. | existing trichomonas vaginalis therapies are out of reach for most trichomoniasis people in developing countries and, where available, they are limited by their toxicity (mainly in pregnant women) and their cost. new antitrichomonal agents are needed to combat emerging metronidazole-resistant trichomoniasis and reduce the side effects associated with currently available drugs. toward this end, atom-based bilinear indices, a new tomocomd-cardd molecular descriptor, and linear discriminant analysi ... | 2006 | 16875830 |
| lack of effectiveness of syndromic management in targeting vaginal infections in pregnancy in entebbe, uganda. | to measure the prevalence of reproductive tract infections (rtis) during pregnancy in entebbe, uganda, and to evaluate the current syndromic diagnosis and management approach in effectively targeting infections, such as bacterial vaginosis (bv) and trichomoniasis, that are associated with low birth weight and prematurity among newborns. | 2006 | 16877576 |
| trichomonas vaginalis initiator binding protein (ibp39) and rna polymerase ii large subunit carboxy terminal domain interaction. | the core promoter that directs rna polymerase to the start of transcription in the protist trichomonas vaginalis is an initiator (inr) element recognized by the inr binding protein, ibp39. this nuclear protein is composed of two domains: a 14.5 kda amino (n-terminal) and a 25 kda carboxy terminal domain (c-domain). here we describe the identification of an ibp39-interacting protein by screening a t. vaginalis expression library using a two-hybrid system with the ibp39 c-domain as bait. the ctd o ... | 2006 | 16879883 |
| genetic structure and evolution of the vps25 family, a yeast escrt-ii component. | vps25p is the product of yeast gene vps25 and is found in an endosomal sorting complex required for transport (escrt)-ii, along with vps22p and vps36p. this complex is essential for sorting of ubiquitinated biosynthetic and endosomal cargoes into endosomes. | 2006 | 16889659 |
| location of the cell-binding domain of cp65, a 65kda cysteine proteinase involved in trichomonas vaginalis cytotoxicity. | the cysteine proteinase (cp) of 65kda, cp65, binds to the surface of hela cells and is involved in trichomonas vaginalis cellular damage. to identify and locate the cp65 cellular-binding domain, we enriched the cp65 protein band by ammonium sulfate fractionation and ion-exchange chromatography and the n-terminal sequence was obtained. a 618bp gene fragment was obtained by pcr using genomic dna as template and primers derived from the n-terminal sequence of cp65 and the asn papain-catalytic conse ... | 2006 | 16891146 |
| trichomonas vaginalis in turkey--a review. | | 2001 | 16897944 |
| [prevalence of trichomonas vaginalis donné in women of lódź population in 1955-1999 years]. | search for trichomonas vaginalis was carried out in direct (in 0.85% nacl and 0.1% safranine) and fixed stained microscopical preparations ( wright or giemsa methods, after fixation with 70% methyl alcohol) and cultures ( pavlova, johanson-trussel-john, roiron-ratner, simic media), from materials of the vagina, urethra and cervix uteri. in the years 1955-1999 a total of about 12000 women were examined. the prevalence of t. vaginalis in women population of lódź region was high (from 26.6% still 7 ... | 2001 | 16897945 |
| [hydrolytic activity of trichomonas vaginalis donné strains]. | the hydrolytic activity of trichomonas vaginalis donné strains was investigated using api zym test (biomérieux). among 19 determined hydrolases were found alkaline and acid phosphatases; also in several strains n-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase and a-glucosidase were demonstrated. the api zym test may be used for characterization of enzymatic activity of t. vaginalis strains, but adequate medium is necessary. | 2001 | 16897946 |
| trichomonas vaginalis promotes apoptosis of human neutrophils by activating caspase-3 and reducing mcl-1 expression. | neutrophils are the predominant inflammatory cells found in the vaginal discharge of patients with trichomonas vaginalis infection. however, it is not known whether neutrophil apoptosis is induced by live t. vaginalis. therefore, we examined whether t. vaginalis can influence neutrophil apoptosis, and also whether caspase-3 and the bcl-2 family members are involved in the apoptosis. thus, human neutrophils were incubated with live t. vaginalis and neutrophil apoptosis was evaluated by giemsa, an ... | 2006 | 16916367 |
| sexually transmitted and reproductive tract infections in symptomatic clients of pharmacies in lima, peru. | to determine prevalences and predictors of sexually transmitted and reproductive tract infections among men and women seeking care at pharmacies. | 2007 | 16916881 |
| viability of trichomonas vaginalis in urine: epidemiologic and clinical implications. | the impact of the viability of trichomonas vaginalis in urine on wet mount, culture, and pcr methods was assessed. to minimize the chance of false-negative results, urine specimens should be processed within 30 min of specimen collection and maintained at 37 degrees c, since temperature appears to affect the viability of trichomonas. | 2006 | 16928970 |
| [vaginal microbiocenosis in trichomoniasis]. | taxonomic complex of vaginal microflora and its persistence characteristics in trichomoniasis and microecological disturbances were studied. diminution of biotope colonization resistance was characterized by decreased autochthonous microorganisms' number and increased opportunistic microflora with expressed persistence. that could be of a great pathogenetic importance in the occurrence of reproductive tract inflammatory diseases of the bacterial etiology in addition of trichomoniasis in females. | 2006 | 16941883 |
| realtime pcr on urine sediments in the diagnosis of trichomoniasis in male subjects. | | 2006 | 16942660 |
| comparison between the gen-probe transcription-mediated amplification trichomonas vaginalis research assay and real-time pcr for trichomonas vaginalis detection using a roche lightcycler instrument with female self-obtained vaginal swab samples and male urine samples. | this study compared two assays for trichomonas vaginalis detection, gen-probe's transcription-mediated amplification (tma) assay for trichomonas vaginalis and btub fret pcr, using self-obtained clinical samples from 611 patients. infection status was defined as two positive results by two different tests. the initial tma assay sensitivity was 96.7%; specificity was 97.5%. the tma assay was comparable to btub fret pcr. | 2006 | 16943353 |
| two novel serum-free media for the culture of trichomonas vaginalis. | definitive diagnosis of trichomonas vaginalis, one of the common causes of sexually transmitted diseases in turkey, relies on the microscopic examination of both fresh preparations and culture material of genital secretions and urine. the aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic efficacies of two culture media, serum-free tb1 and tb2, including iron and vitamin b12, respectively, with the well-known medium, tym. growth rate reached peak levels 48 h in tym and 72 h in both tb1 and tb2 afte ... | 2007 | 16947014 |
| the cost-effectiveness of treating male trichomoniasis to avert hiv transmission in men seeking sexually transmitted disease care in malawi. | allocation of funds to program areas where they may have an impact is critical to the success of any hiv control program. we examined the cost-effectiveness of providing first-line treatment for male trichomoniasis in malawi, a condition not commonly considered in syndromic management throughout sub-saharan africa. | 2006 | 16951650 |
| preterm birth due to maternal infection: causative pathogens and modes of prevention. | preterm birth represents a major problem for modern obstetrics due to its increasing frequency and the accompanying socioeconomic impact. although several maternal characteristics related to preterm birth have been identified, the etiology in most cases remains inadequately understood. various microorganisms have been linked to the pathogenesis of preterm birth. microbes may reach the amniotic cavity and fetus by ascending from the vagina and cervix, by hematogenous distribution through the plac ... | 2006 | 16953371 |
| risk factors and prevalence of hiv and sexually transmitted infections among low-income female commercial sex workers in mongolia. | mongolia has very low hiv prevalence despite high rates of sexually transmitted infections (stis). low-income female sex workers (fsws) may be at high risk for acquiring and spreading the disease in mongolia. | 2007 | 16960546 |
| vulnerability and risk factors for sexually transmitted infections and hiv among adolescents in kampala, uganda. | three hundred and six sexually experienced adolescents participated in a study on sexually transmitted infection (sti) prevalence and associated risk factors. the prevalence of neisseria gonorrhoea (ng), chlamydia trachomatis (ct), trichomonas vaginalis (tv) and syphilis was 4.5%, 9%, 8% and 4% for females and 4.7%, 5.7%, 0% and 2.8% for males. hiv-seropositivity was found in 15.2% of females and 5.8% of males. structured face-to-face interviews were used to obtain information about social backg ... | 2006 | 16971279 |
| methods for detection of trichomonas vaginalis in the male partners of infected women: implications for control of trichomoniasis. | trichomonas vaginalis infection in men is an important cause of nongonococcal urethritis. effective detection of the parasite in men using culture requires examination of multiple specimens. we compared culture and pcr-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in urethral swabs, urine, and semen for t. vaginalis detection in male sexual partners of women with trichomoniasis identified by wet mount and culture. trichomonads were detected by at least one positive test in 205/280 men (73.2%) who submitted ... | 2006 | 16971646 |
| identification and biochemical characterization of serine hydroxymethyl transferase in the hydrogenosome of trichomonas vaginalis. | serine hydroxymethyl transferase (shmt) is a pyridoxal phosphate (plp)-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the reversible conversion of serine and tetrahydrofolate to glycine and methylenetetrahydrofolate. we have identified a single gene encoding shmt in the genome of trichomonas vaginalis, an amitochondriate, deep-branching unicellular protist. the protein possesses a putative n-terminal hydrogenosomal presequence and was shown to localize to hydrogensomes by immunofluorescence analysis, providing ... | 2006 | 16980404 |
| trichomonas vaginalis lipophosphoglycan triggers a selective upregulation of cytokines by human female reproductive tract epithelial cells. | trichomonas vaginalis is one of the most common nonviral sexually transmitted human infections and, worldwide, has been linked to increased incidence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmission, preterm delivery, low birth weight, cervical cancer, and vaginitis. the molecular pathways that are important in initiating host inflammatory and immune responses to t. vaginalis are poorly understood. here we report interactions of human cervicovaginal epithelial cells with the most abundant cel ... | 2006 | 16988255 |
| prevalence of trichomonas vaginalis isolates with resistance to metronidazole and tinidazole. | clinical isolates of trichomonas vaginalis were obtained from women consecutively enrolled in a study of partner notification. testing of susceptibility to metronidazole and tinidazole was performed. resistance to metronidazole and tinidazole was present in 17/178 (9.6%) and 1/178 (0.56%) strains, respectively. in vitro resistance was poorly correlated with clinical response to treatment. | 2006 | 17000740 |
| trichomonas vaginalis detection using real-time taqman pcr. | 1978 women and 93 men, all suspected of having a trichomonas vaginalis infection, were tested for the presence of t. vaginalis by real-time pcr using the t. vaginalis-specific 2-kb repeated sequence, and by direct microscopy and culture. 40 samples were positive by t. vaginalis real-time pcr and 27 were positive by wet mount microscopy, either direct or after culture. all samples positive by direct microscopy of culture were also positive by real-time pcr. of the 13 samples which were real-time ... | 2007 | 17005275 |
| iron modulates ecto-phosphohydrolase activities in pathogenic trichomonads. | the presence of iron in the extracellular medium is essential for both in vivo and in vitro survival of pathogenic microorganisms, including trichomonas vaginalis and tritrichomonas foetus. in these parasites, iron is directly involved in the proliferation, protein expression and activation of critical enzymes. the purpose of this study was to investigate the role of iron in ecto-atpase, ecto-phophatase and secreted phosphatase activities of these trichomonads. we observed that trichomonads grow ... | 2006 | 17010660 |
| etiologic agents of cervicovaginitis in turkish women. | to investigate the distribution of microbiologic agents causing cervicovaginitis. | 2006 | 17013472 |
| systemic immune response to trichomonas vaginalis infection during pregnancy. | the objective of this study was to characterize the systemic immune response in women with trichomoniasis in pregnancy as compared with uninfected women. | 2007 | 17028509 |
| phagocytosis by trichomonas vaginalis: new insights. | background information: the parasitic protozoan trichomonas vaginalis is the causative agent of trichomoniasis, a sexually transmitted disease. the phagocytic activity of this parasite has not been completely elucidated. in order to better understand the mechanisms of trichomonal phagocytosis, we have studied the in vitro capacity of t. vaginalis to phagocytose and degrade saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. results and conclusions: to analyse the phagocytic ability and capacity, two isolates of t. ... | 2007 | 17029588 |
| mavericks, a novel class of giant transposable elements widespread in eukaryotes and related to dna viruses. | we previously identified a group of atypical mobile elements designated mavericks from the nematodes caenorhabditis elegans and c. briggsae and the zebrafish danio rerio. here we present the results of comprehensive database searches of the genome sequences available, which reveal that mavericks are widespread in invertebrates and non-mammalian vertebrates but show a patchy distribution in non-animal species, being present in the fungi glomus intraradices and phakopsora pachyrhizi and in several ... | 2007 | 17034960 |
| gene transcription in trichomonas vaginalis. | since the cloning of the first gene from the flagellated, parasitic protist trichomonas vaginalis in 1990, at least a partial sequence has been obtained from over 100 genes. molecular and biochemical analyses using these genes have enhanced our understanding of metabolism, organelle biogenesis, drug susceptibility, phylogeny and basic properties of transcription in trichomonads. here, david liston and patricia johnson discuss the available data on the regulation of transcription of protein-codin ... | 1998 | 17040780 |
| high incidence of new sexually transmitted infections in the year following a sexually transmitted infection: a case for rescreening. | studies show 11% to 15% of women treated for chlamydia trachomatis are reinfected 3 to 4 months after treatment, suggesting the need for rescreening. there is little information on infections among men, infections with neisseria gonorrhoeae or trichomonas vaginalis, or long-term follow-up. | 2006 | 17043338 |
| validity of the papanicolaou smear in the diagnosis of candida spp., trichomonas vaginalis, and bacterial vaginosis. | to determine the validity of the papanicolaou smear in the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis, trichomonas vaginalis, and candida spp. | 2001 | 17050980 |
| epidemiology of sexually transmitted diseases in río cuarto, argentina. | sexually transmitted diseases (std) are a group of transmittable diseases acquired fundamentally through sexual contact. std are a social problem resulting from demographic explosion and changes in sexual conduct, which affects teenagers and adults of all socioeconomic strata. the goal of this work was to establish the actual state of the different std within the studied population. samples of vaginal fluids, endocervical materials and urethral exudates taken from 2,630 patients during five year ... | 2001 | 17061502 |
| failure to detect urethral trichomonas vaginalis in japanese men with or without urethritis. | trichomonas vaginalis may cause symptomatic or asymptomatic urethritis in men. there are few recent studies on the prevalence of t. vaginalis infection in japanese men, and quantification of the number of cases of urethritis attributable to this pathogen has not been performed in japan. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and morbidity of t. vaginalis infection in japanese men. | 2006 | 17083395 |
| comparison of a taqman-based real-time polymerase chain reaction with conventional tests for the detection of trichomonas vaginalis. | to compare a taqman-based real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) with conventional pcr, culture, and wet-mount microscopy for the diagnosis of trichomoniasis in women. | 2007 | 17090567 |
| home-based self-sampling and self-testing for sexually transmitted infections: acceptable and feasible alternatives to provider-based screening in low-income women in são paulo, brazil. | the objective of this study was to determine whether home-based screening for sexually transmitted infections (stis) is acceptable, feasible, and increases the proportion of women screened among low-income women in são paulo, brazil. | 2007 | 17091118 |
| [molecular cloning and characterization of a rras homologue gene from trichomonas vaginalis]. | to clone and characterize a rras-like gene from trichomonas vaginalis for studying cellular signal transduction pathways in the organism. | 2006 | 17094627 |
| [construction of prokaryotic expression vector for trichomonas vaginalis silent information regulator 2 and its expression]. | total rna was isolated from trichomonas vaginalis and tv-sir2-like cdna was amplified by rt-pcr and cloned into pgem-t easy plasmid. a fragment of tv-sir2-like cdna was subcloned into the expression vector pet-41b and expressed in e.coli bl21 with induction of iptg. the full-length of tv-sir2-like cdna was cloned and sequenced. the prokaryotic expression system of pet-41b/tv-sir2-like was constructed. the fusion protein of tv-sir2-like was expressed in e. coli bl21, occupying 30% of the total ba ... | 2006 | 17094634 |
| [investigation of the prevalence of trichomonas vaginalis with respect to diverse social variables in women (malatya, turkey)]. | trichomonas vaginalis is a monoxen parasite and its definitive host is human. it is known that the way of life is an important factor affecting incidence because of sexual transmission. in the present study, the incidence of t. vaginalis has been investigated with direct microscopy, giemsa staining and culture (cysteine-peptone-liver-maltose (cplm)). the study included 675 females with complaints of vaginal discharge who presented at different health departments or hospitals in the malatya regio ... | 2006 | 17106846 |
| [investigation of the prevalence of trichomonas vaginalis in women with complaints of vaginal discharge and itching]. | trichomonas vaginalis (t. vaginalis) is the most common pathogen that is sexually spread in women. in this study, the presence of trichomonas vaginalis was investigated in patients with vaginal discharge and itching who presented at the polyclinic of the mustafa kemal university medical faculty department of gynecology. these women were between 20-40 years of age. during gynecologic examination of patients, vaginal fluid samples were collected with swaps from the speculum and fornics to two tube ... | 2006 | 17106847 |
| [investigation of trichomonas vaginalis in patients with nonspecific vaginal discharge]. | trichomoniasis, a protozoan infection, has a worldwide distribution and is the most common nonviral, sexually transmitted disease. in this study, we examined the vaginal swab samples of 114 patients who presented at the obstetrics and gynecology outpatient clinic in ankara in 2004, for the presence of trichomonas vaginalis (t. vaginalis) using direct microscopy and culture methods. the samples were taken from patients with nonspecific vaginal discharge during their gynecological examination. twe ... | 2006 | 17106848 |
| bacterial vaginosis in women of low socioeconomic status living in slum areas in chennai, india. | bacterial vaginosis (bv) is a common cause of vaginitis among women of childbearing age. this study was performed to investigate the prevalence of bv and its association with sexually transmitted infections among 487 women of low socioeconomic status. blood, vaginal and endocervical swabs were tested for hiv, herpes simplex virus-2 (hsv-2), treponema pallidum, bv, chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhoea and trichomonas vaginalis. of the women screened for bv, 120 (25, 95% ci 20.8-28.4) were ... | 2006 | 17112444 |
| the syndromic management of vaginal discharge using single-dose treatments: a randomized controlled trial in west africa. | to evaluate whether single-dose treatments are as effective as standard therapy in the syndromic management of vaginal discharge. | 2006 | 17128343 |
| the activity of protease inhibitors against giardia duodenalis and metronidazole-resistant trichomonas vaginalis. | antiretroviral protease inhibitors were assessed in vitro for their activity against giardia duodenalis and trichomonas vaginalis. kaletra (a co-formulation of ritonavir and lopinavir) was the most effective overall, with 50% effective drug concentrations (ec(50)) of 1.1-2.7 microm (ritonavir concentration) against g. duodenalis and 6.8-8 microm against metronidazole-sensitive and clinically metronidazole-resistant t. vaginalis. minimal inhibitory concentrations were 2-2.5 microm and 10-50 micro ... | 2007 | 17137752 |
| dealing with trichomoniasis. | trichomoniasis is a common but less well known sexually transmitted infection affecting men and women. in men it is often asymptomatic and goes undetected. in women it can produce a profuse, frothy, unpleasant-smelling vaginal discharge with pruritus and soreness which is sometimes confused with vulvo-vaginal candidiasis (thrush) and bacterial vaginosis. women often mistakenly treat themselves for thrush with no result. diagnosis is by laboratory culture and treatment is with metronidazole. part ... | 2006 | 17139977 |
| trichomonas vaginalis infection in male sexual partners: implications for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. | trichomonas vaginalis causes a common sexually transmitted infection (sti) in women, yet trichomoniasis in male sexual partners is not well recognized. nucleic acid amplification tests can increase detection of t. vaginalis in men compared with culture. | 2007 | 17143809 |
| trichomonas vaginalis infection: the most prevalent nonviral sexually transmitted infection receives the least public health attention. | | 2007 | 17143810 |
| trichomonas vaginalis infection. | | 2006 | 17151049 |
| comparison between secretory leukocytic protease inhibitor and reactive nitrogen intermediates levels in cervicovaginal secretions from symptomatic and asymptomatic trichomoniasis egyptians patients. | although trichomoniasis is one of the most widespread sexually transmitted diseases, limited information is known about the host and parasite factors which cause symptomatic versus asymptomatic infections. both of secretory leukocytic protease inhibitor (slpi) and reactive nitrogen intermediates (rni) are major effectors in the innate immune response against infection. this study aimed to compare the level of slpi and rni in relation to the vaginal complains among trichomoniasis egyptian patient ... | 2006 | 17153694 |
| trichomoniasis among women with vaginal discharge in benghazi city, libya. | from april 2000 to july 2001, clinical and wet-mount examination were performed on 2,450 women attending gynecologic department, el-keish polyclinic, benghazi city. the mean age was 34+/-7 (in years). 328 (13.4%) women were clinically diagnosed as having viginatis. sterile vaginal swab of the posterior fornix was stained by giemsa and examined as wet smear for trichomoniasis infection. 29/2450, (1.2%) had t. vaginalis. the infected women suffered vaginalis discharge (93.10%), burning (81.48%), v ... | 2006 | 17153709 |
| proteins of the glycine decarboxylase complex in the hydrogenosome of trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomonas vaginalis is a unicellular eukaryote that lacks mitochondria and contains a specialized organelle, the hydrogenosome, involved in carbohydrate metabolism and iron-sulfur cluster assembly. we report the identification of two glycine cleavage h proteins and a dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (l protein) of the glycine decarboxylase complex in t. vaginalis with predicted n-terminal hydrogenosomal presequences. immunofluorescence analyses reveal that both h and l proteins are localized in ... | 2006 | 17158739 |
| antiparasitic drug nitazoxanide inhibits the pyruvate oxidoreductases of helicobacter pylori, selected anaerobic bacteria and parasites, and campylobacter jejuni. | nitazoxanide (ntz) exhibits broad-spectrum activity against anaerobic bacteria and parasites and the ulcer-causing pathogen helicobacter pylori. here we show that ntz is a noncompetitive inhibitor (k(i), 2 to 10 microm) of the pyruvate:ferredoxin/flavodoxin oxidoreductases (pfors) of trichomonas vaginalis, entamoeba histolytica, giardia intestinalis, clostridium difficile, clostridium perfringens, h. pylori, and campylobacter jejuni and is weakly active against the pyruvate dehydrogenase of esch ... | 2007 | 17158936 |
| [the incidence of trichomonas vaginalis in vaginal specimens from gynecologic patients]. | the aim of this preliminary study was to determine the incidence trichomonas vaginalis in our area. the group under investigation consisted of gynecologic patients with various complaints who came to the gynecology polyclinic of the cumhuriyet university medical hospital. vaginal smears were taken from the posterior fornics of these patients. three samples were taken from each person with sterile swaps. one of the samples was taken for cultivation, one for a direct preparation and the last for g ... | 2006 | 17160845 |
| [incidence in manisa of trichomonas vaginalis in women with a vaginal discharge.] | vaginal discharge caused by trichomonas vaginalis is one of the most frequently encountered sexually transmitted infections in women. this study was planned to investigate the frequency of t. vaginalis in patients with a vaginal discharge. vaginal specimens were collected from 233 women with a vaginal discharge and from 100 women without any discharge as a control group. materials were taken with a speculum and sterile cotton swabs from the posterior fornix of the vagina; and inoculated into try ... | 2005 | 17167734 |
| [the role of chlamydia trachomatis and some other associated microorganisms in endocervicitis]. | the objective of the study was to examine the prevalence of chlamydia trachomatis as a causative agent in women with clinically manifested endocervicitis and to find the age group where chlamydia trachomatis was most prevalent. 553 women sexually active women in reproductive ag with clinically manifested endocervicitis e were examined. chlamydial infection by direct immmunofluorescence was found in 239 (43, 2%) about 75% of the patients with chlamydial infection were in the age group 20-29 years ... | 2006 | 17168494 |
| trichomonas vaginalis and giardia intestinalis produce nitric oxide and display no-synthase activity. | | 2006 | 17169054 |
| hydrogenosomal activity of trichomonas vaginalis cultivated under different iron conditions. | to evaluate whether iron concentration in tym medium influence on hydrogenosomal enzyme gene expression and hydrogenosomal membrane potential of trichomonas vaginalis, trophozoites were cultivated in irondepleted, normal and iron-supplemented tym media. the mrna of hydrogenosomal enzymes, such as pyruvate ferredoxin oxidoreductase (pfor), hydrogenase, ferredoxin and malic enzyme, was increased with iron concentrations in t. vaginalis culture media, measured by rt-pcr. hydrogenosomal membrane pot ... | 2006 | 17170580 |
| correlates of sexually transmitted infections in young women. | | 2007 | 17191177 |
| comment on "pregnancy outcome after early detection of bacterial vaginosis" [eur. j. obstet. gynecol. reprod. biol. 128 (2006) 40-45]. | | 2007 | 17197069 |
| sexual behaviors after universal screening of sexually transmitted infections in healthy young women. | to prospectively study the relationship between diagnosis of sexually transmitted infections (stis) at entry to u.s. marines recruit training and subsequent sexual behaviors during vacation. | 2007 | 17197595 |
| activation of multifarious transcription of an adhesion protein ap65-1 gene by a novel myb2 protein in the protozoan parasite trichomonas vaginalis. | multifarious transcription of the adhesion protein ap65-1 gene in the human pathogen, trichomonas vaginalis, is critically regulated by the coordination of two similar but opposite oriented dna regulatory regions, mre-1/mre-2r and mre-2f, both of which are binding sites for multiple myb-like proteins. in the present study, mre-1/mre-2r was demonstrated to be composed of multiple overlapping promoter elements, among which the entire region is required for growth-related ap65-1 transcription, and ... | 2007 | 17202137 |
| determination of cervicovaginal microorganisms in women with abnormal cervical cytology: the role of ureaplasma urealyticum. | to evaluate the existence of an association between cervicovaginal infections and precancerous lesions of the uterine cervix, through determination of prevalent cervicovaginal micro-organisms, alone and in association with human papillomavirus (hpv), in patients with abnormal and normal vaginal cytology. | 2006 | 17214350 |
| draft genome sequence of the sexually transmitted pathogen trichomonas vaginalis. | we describe the genome sequence of the protist trichomonas vaginalis, a sexually transmitted human pathogen. repeats and transposable elements comprise about two-thirds of the approximately 160-megabase genome, reflecting a recent massive expansion of genetic material. this expansion, in conjunction with the shaping of metabolic pathways that likely transpired through lateral gene transfer from bacteria, and amplification of specific gene families implicated in pathogenesis and phagocytosis of h ... | 2007 | 17218520 |
| current therapeutics, their problems, and sulfur-containing-amino-acid metabolism as a novel target against infections by "amitochondriate" protozoan parasites. | the "amitochondriate" protozoan parasites of humans entamoeba histolytica, giardia intestinalis, and trichomonas vaginalis share many biochemical features, e.g., energy and amino acid metabolism, a spectrum of drugs for their treatment, and the occurrence of drug resistance. these parasites possess metabolic pathways that are divergent from those of their mammalian hosts and are often considered to be good targets for drug development. sulfur-containing-amino-acid metabolism represents one such ... | 2007 | 17223627 |
| inhibition and structure of trichomonas vaginalis purine nucleoside phosphorylase with picomolar transition state analogues. | trichomonas vaginalis is a parasitic protozoan purine auxotroph possessing a unique purine salvage pathway consisting of a bacterial type purine nucleoside phosphorylase (pnp) and a purine nucleoside kinase. thus, t. vaginalis pnp (tvpnp) functions in the reverse direction relative to the pnps in other organisms. immucillin-a (imma) and dadme-immucillin-a (dadme-imma) are transition state mimics of adenosine with geometric and electrostatic features that resemble early and late transition states ... | 2007 | 17223688 |
| host immune consequences of asymptomatic trichomonas vaginalis infection in pregnancy. | the purpose of this study was to define the impact of asymptomatic trichomoniasis on lower genital tract neutrophil activation in pregnancy. | 2007 | 17240235 |
| kinetics of serum and local cytokine profile in experimental intravaginal trichomoniasis induced with trichomonas vaginalis isolates from symptomatic and asymptomatic women. | trichomoniasis, the most common non-viral sexually transmitted disease, is caused by infection with the protist trichomonas vaginalis. the clinical spectrum varies from an asymptomatic to a severe symptomatic state. however, the exact factors leading to varied symptomatology have not been well elucidated. the role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of many microbial diseases has been reported. the present study reports the cytokine levels (il-2, il-4, ifn-gamma) on different days post infection (3 ... | 2007 | 17241398 |
| infection with trichomonas vaginalis increases the risk of hiv-1 acquisition. | we conducted a prospective study among women in mombasa, kenya, to determine whether trichomonas vaginalis infection was associated with an increased risk of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) infection. at monthly follow-up visits, laboratory screening for hiv-1 and genital tract infections was conducted. among 1335 hiv-1-seronegative women monitored for a median of 566 days, there were 806 incident t. vaginalis infections (23.6/100 person-years), and 265 women seroconverted to hiv-1 ( ... | 2007 | 17262712 |
| [causation and treatment of infectious leucorrhoea at the cocody university hospital (abidjan, côte d'ivoire)]. | to determine the frequency of different bacteria causing infectious leucorrhoea and to calculate the percentage of cures after standard treatment. | 2006 | 17284396 |
| [spontaneous urogenital infection in macaques]. | rates of natural infection of macaques with microorganisms that cause urogenital tract infections (ugt)--chlamydias, mycoplasms, ureaplasms and trichomonades--have been assessed. 198 macaques (rhesus, javan and lapunder) aged from newborn to 25 years (born healthy or from females with complicated pregnancy or labour) were examined. high rate of infection (40%) was observed in healthy macaques by pcr assay. in animals born from females with complicated pregnancy or labour (abortion, complicated l ... | 2006 | 17297890 |
| mitochondrial steps of arginine biosynthesis are conserved in the hydrogenosomes of the chytridiomycete neocallimastix frontalis. | arginine biosynthesis in eukaryotes is divided between the mitochondria and the cytosol. the anaerobic chytridiomycete neocallimastix frontalis contains highly reduced, anaerobic modifications of mitochondria, the hydrogenosomes. hydrogenosomes also occur in the microaerophilic flagellate trichomonas vaginalis, which does not produce arginine but uses one of the mitochondrial enzymes, ornithine transcarbamoylase, in a cytosolic arginine dihydrolase pathway for atp generation. est sequencing and ... | 2007 | 17300518 |
| modulation of vaginal immune response among pregnant women with bacterial vaginosis by trichomonas vaginalis, chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, and yeast. | this study was undertaken to examine the influence of coinfections on vaginal innate and adaptive immunity, and microbial enzyme activities of pregnant women with bacterial vaginosis (bv). | 2007 | 17306653 |
| the combined effect of two aqueous extracts on the growth of trichomonas vaginalis, in vitro. | in this study a trial was performed to determine the effect of a combination of two aqueous extracts of two medicinal plants namely the violet, viola odorata, and the rue, ruta graveolens, with concentrations of 0.15625, 0.3125, 10-20 mg/cm3 on the growth of trichomonas vaginalis cultured in (cm161) medium during periods of 24, 48, 72, and 96 hrs. the results showed that there is a variation of inhibition. complete inhibition was seen with a concentration 10 mg/cm3 for 48 hrs. during the 96 hr. ... | 2006 | 17309025 |
| molecular dynamics simulations of trichomonas vaginalis ferredoxin show a loop-cap transition. | the crystal structure of the oxidized trichomonas vaginalis ferredoxin (tvfd) showed a unique crevice that exposed the redox center. here we have examined the dynamics and solvation of the active site of tvfd using molecular dynamics simulations of both the reduced and oxidized states. the oxidized simulation stays true to the crystal form with a heavy atom root mean-squared deviation of 2 a. however, within the reduced simulation of tvfd a profound loop-cap transition into the redox center occu ... | 2007 | 17325017 |
| antiparasitic activity of some new caledonian medicinal plants. | twenty-nine extracts of 18 medicinal plants used in new caledonia by traditional healers to treat inflammation, fever and in cicatrizing remedies were evaluated in vitro against several parasites (leishmania donovani, trypanosoma brucei brucei, trichomonas vaginalis and caenorhabditis elegans). among the selected plants, scaevola balansae and premna serratifolia l. were the most active against leishmania donovani with ic(50) values between 5 and 10microg/ml. the almond and aril extracts from myr ... | 2007 | 17329051 |
| alternative drugs against trichomonas vaginalis. | to investigate the effect of drugs other than metronidazole, 3 non-pregnant women infected with trichomonas vaginalis were treated with doxycycline, 2 x 200 mg/day for 1 week. another 3 women were treated with praziquantel, single dose, 40 mg/kg body weight. no therapeutic effect was detected for either drug. in vitro, oxytetracycline led to death of t. vaginalis at a concentration of 15 mg in 0.5 ml medium. extract of myrtus communis caused death of t. vaginalis at ph 4.65, but failed to do so ... | 2006 | 17333809 |
| management of women with cervicitis. | in the past several years, the collective understanding of cervicitis has extended beyond the recognition of chlamydia trachomatis and neisseria gonorrhoeae as the prime etiologic suspects. trichomonas vaginalis and herpes simplex virus cause cervicitis, and both mycoplasma genitalium and bacterial vaginosis have emerged as new candidate etiologic agents or conditions. however, major gaps in our knowledge of this common condition remain. putative etiologic agents have not been identified in many ... | 2007 | 17342663 |
| trichomoniasis: challenges to appropriate management. | trichomonas vaginalis infection is a common cause of vaginal irritation in women and is the most common nonviral sexually transmitted disease in the world. it has been associated with serious sequelae, the most notable of which are prematurity, low birth weight, and increases in human immunodeficiency virus transmission. we review advances in diagnosis and treatment and the current controversies regarding management. | 2007 | 17342665 |
| [study on genetic approach in the detection of cryptosporidium parvum and giardia lamblia in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients]. | to establish genetic method in detecting cryptosporidium parvum and giardia lamblia which often coinfected with aids patients. | 2006 | 17343184 |
| the effect of second-trimester antibiotic therapy on the rate of preterm birth. | as many as 50% of spontaneous preterm births are infection-related, with mycoplasma species being the most common microbial isolates from the amniotic cavity. the goal of our study was to evaluate the effect of macrolides, a specific group of antibiotics known to be effective against mycoplasma species, on the rate of preterm births. | 2007 | 17346476 |