| study of the aggressiveness of rhizoctonia solani isolates. | this paper presents an in vitro test to screen the pathogenicity of different rhizoctonia solani isolates on a host range. the level of aggressivity of the different isolates was different for several host plants tested. there were significant differences between the crops and the isolates tested. in general, the disease level was higher on beans, lettuce and cabbage. in carrot and rye grass the level of infection was lower for the isolates of r. solani tested. the potato isolates of r. solani w ... | 2007 | 18396839 |
| a bac library of beta vulgaris l. for the targeted isolation of centromeric dna and molecular cytogenetics of beta species. | we constructed a sugar beet (beta vulgaris) bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) library of the monosomic addition line pat2. this chromosomal mutant carries a single additional chromosome fragment (minichromosome) derived from the wild beet beta patellaris. restriction analysis of the mutant line by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was used to determine hindiii as a suitable enzyme for partial digestion of genomic dna to generate large-insert fragments which were cloned into the vector pcc1. t ... | 2009 | 18386131 |
| elicitor-dependent expression of the ribosome-inactivating protein beetin is developmentally regulated. | be27 and be29 are two forms of beetin, a virus-inducible type 1 ribosome-inactivating protein isolated from leaves of beta vulgaris l. western blot analysis revealed the presence of beetin forms in adult plants but not in germ or young plants, indicating that the expression of these proteins is developmentally regulated. while beetins are expressed only in adult plants, their transcripts are present through all stages of development. in addition, the treatment of b. vulgaris leaves with mediator ... | 2008 | 18343888 |
| afm relative stiffness measurement of the plasticising effect of a non-ionic surfactant on plant leaf wax. | an afm relative stiffness technique was applied to reconstituted beta vulgaris l. wax films. consecutive force arrays (n=100) made on the waxy surface at the same locations showed that there was no relative change in surface elasticity and this information was used as a reference to further experimental measurements. a surfactant solution was subsequently dropped on the waxy surface and the same array of indents was made at the same location as the reference test. the plant wax surface showed a ... | 2008 | 18342871 |
| nuclear and cytoplasmic genetic diversity in weed beet and sugar beet accessions compared to wild relatives: new insights into the genetic relationships within the beta vulgaris complex species. | hybridization between cultivated species and their wild relatives is now widely considered to be common. in the beta vulgaris complex, the sugar beet seed multiplication areas have been the scene of inadvertent pollination of sugar beet seed bearers by wild ruderal pollen donors, generating a weedy form of beet which infests sugar beet fields in european countries. up to now, investigations of evolutionary dynamics of genetic diversity within the b. vulgaris complex were addressed using few gene ... | 2008 | 18335202 |
| patch clamp characterization of a non-selective cation channel of er membranes purified from beta vulgaris taproots. | the er fraction from red beet taproot was purified on sucrose gradient and giant liposomes, suitable for patch clamping, were formed by dehydration-rehydration of the lipid film. single-channel recordings on excised and attached patches revealed a large conductance (165 ps) cation (p(cl-)/p(k+) < 0.03) channel with equal conductance and relative permeability for na+ and k+. this non-selective cation channel was also highly permeable for ca2+. we failed to detect any single-channel currents activ ... | 2008 | 18333995 |
| influencing the binding configuration of sucrose in the active sites of chicory fructan 1-exohydrolase and sugar beet fructan 6-exohydrolase. | the hydrolytic plant enzymes of family 32 of glycoside hydrolases (gh32), including acid cell wall type invertases (ec 3.2.1.26), fructan 1-exohydrolases (1-feh; ec 3.2.1.153) and fructan 6-exohydrolases (6-feh; ec 3.2.1.154), are very similar at the molecular and structural levels, but are clearly functionally different. the work presented here aims at understanding the evolution of enzyme specificity and functional diversity in this family by means of site-directed mutagenesis. it is demonstra ... | 2008 | 18331426 |
| effect of crude protein concentration and sugar-beet pulp on nutrient digestibility, nitrogen excretion, intestinal fermentation and manure ammonia and odour emissions from finisher pigs. | a 2 × 2 factorial experiment was conducted to investigate the interaction between high and low dietary crude protein (cp) (200 v. 150 g/kg) and sugar-beet pulp (sbp) (200 v. 0 g/kg) on nutrient digestibility, nitrogen (n) excretion, intestinal fermentation and manure ammonia and odour emissions from 24 boars (n = 6, 74.0 kg live weight). the diets were formulated to contain similar concentrations of digestible energy (13.6 mj/kg) and lysine (10.0 g/kg). pigs offered sbp-containing diets had a re ... | 2008 | 22445046 |
| assessment of the serbian population exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls by crops. | data on occurrence of six marker polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) in 35 composite samples of some crop products (wholegrain wheat flour, edible sunflower oil and white sugar) and by-products of food processing industry (bran, dried sugar beet pulp and molasses) were collected and combined with food consumption data to assess the dietary intake of these persistent food contaminants by the serbian adult population. the average daily intake of sum of pcbs was assessed to be 172.2ng using a mean wei ... | 2008 | 21783854 |
| novel methodology for construction and pruning of quasi-median networks. | visualising the evolutionary history of a set of sequences is a challenge for molecular phylogenetics. one approach is to use undirected graphs, such as median networks, to visualise phylogenies where reticulate relationships such as recombination or homoplasy are displayed as cycles. median networks contain binary representations of sequences as nodes, with edges connecting those sequences differing at one character; hypothetical ancestral nodes are invoked to generate a connected network which ... | 2008 | 18298812 |
| effects of fly ash incorporation on heavy metal accumulation, growth and yield responses of beta vulgaris plants. | use of fly ash (fa) to agriculture is not always beneficial, however, utilization of lower concentration of fa as soil amendment is suitable for better management of few crops. the present study was conducted to study the effects of various concentrations of fa (0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) on heavy metal accumulation, growth, and yield responses of palak (beta vulgaris l. var all green h1). the results showed that application of fa caused significant reductions in growth, biomass and yield respons ... | 2008 | 18280142 |
| sugar beet leaves as new source of hydroperoxide lyase in a bioprocess producing green-note aldehydes. | hydroperoxide lyase activity was found in sugar beet leaves. its optimum ph and temperature were, respectively, 6.7 and 22 degrees c. under these conditions, conversion of linolenic acid 13-hydroperoxide to cis-3-hexenal with a maximum yield of 80% was reached after only 2 min. the stability of cis-3-hexenal was improved by acidifying the reaction medium. based on these studies, a bioprocess producing green-note aldehydes in a laboratory-scale was achieved. | 2008 | 18259877 |
| micromorphology and chemistry of airborne particles in brussels during agriculture working periods in surrounding region. | the main objective of our research was to compare the airborne particle micromorphology and chemistry in the brussels environment during agriculture working periods in the surrounding farming region. we used specific methods and instrumentation that are adapted to the climate peculiarities of the brussels region, the period of investigations (12 months) and the proposed objectives. for the agricultural works we defined the following six periods: before sowing, sowing, after sowing, before harves ... | 2008 | 18246437 |
| respiration in postharvest sugarbeet roots is not limited by respiratory capacity or adenylates. | control of respiration has largely been studied with growing and/or photosynthetic tissues or organs, but has rarely been examined in harvested and stored plant products. as nongrowing, heterotrophic organs that are reliant on respiration to provide all of their metabolic needs, harvested plant products differ dramatically in their metabolism and respiratory needs from growing and photosynthetically active plant organs, and it cannot be assumed that the same mechanism controls respiration in bot ... | 2008 | 18242773 |
| global structure of microwave-assisted flash-extracted sugar beet pectin. | the global structure of microwave-assisted flash-extracted pectins isolated from fresh sugar beet pulp has been studied. the objective was to minimize the disassembly and possibly the degradation of pectin molecules during extraction. these pectins have been characterized by high-performance size exclusion chromatography with light scattering, viscometric detection, and atomic force microscopy (afm). analysis of molecular parameters was performed on 15 and 8 microm size column packings. samples ... | 2008 | 18183951 |
| the midgut ultrastructure of the endoparasite xenos vesparum (rossi) (insecta, strepsiptera) during post-embryonic development and stable carbon isotopic analyses of the nutrient uptake. | females of the endoparasite xenos vesparum (strepsiptera, stylopidae) may survive for months inside the host polistes dominulus (hymenoptera, vespidae). the midgut structure and function in larval instars and neotenic females has been studied by light and electron microscope and by stable carbon isotopic technique. the 1st instar larva utilizes the yolk material contained in the gut lumen, whereas the subsequent larval instars are actively involved in nutrient uptake from the wasp hemolymph and ... | 2007 | 18089098 |
| selection for resistance to methoxyfenozide and 20-hydroxyecdysone in cells of the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua. | in this report with an ecdysteroid-responsive cell line of the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua (se4) selection for resistance against methoxyfenozide and the insect moulting hormone (20-hydroxyecdysone, 20e) was carried out to analyze the resulting resistant cells in order to elucidate possible mechanisms of resistance towards these compounds. from these cultures, five methoxyfenozide- and four 20e-resistant subclones were selected starting from 0.1 nm methoxyfenozide up to 100 microm and from ... | 2008 | 18044724 |
| impact of physicochemical characteristics on the oxidative stability of fish oil microencapsulated by spray-drying. | the aim of the present research was to identify principal parameters determining the oxidative stability of microencapsulated fish oil. microcapsules were prepared by spray-drying using different types of n-octenylsuccinate-derivatized starch, gum arabic, sugar beet pectin, sodium caseinate, and/or glucose syrup. two principal components to classify the different microcapsules accounting for up to 79% of the variance were identified. the principal components were determined by physicochemical pa ... | 2007 | 18038994 |
| purification of sugar beet vinasse - adsorption of polyphenolic and dark colored compounds on different commercial activated carbons. | the adsorption on activated carbons of dark colored compounds contained in sugar beet vinasse was studied. four commercial activated carbons with different properties (particle size, residual acidity and microporous properties) were respectively checked for efficiency at two temperature levels (25 degrees c and 40 degrees c) and at four ph levels (2,3.5,7,10). the adsorption of organic molecules was determined by quantifying the amounts of total polyphenolic compounds and total organic carbon. t ... | 2008 | 18023340 |
| variation in pollen production and pollen viability in natural populations of gynodioecious beta vulgaris ssp. maritima: evidence for a cost of restoration of male function? | gynodioecious species are defined by the co-occurrence of two clearly separated categories of plants: females and hermaphrodites. the hermaphroditic category may, however, not be homogeneous, as male fitness may vary among hermaphrodites as a result of many biological factors. in this study, we analysed estimates of pollen quantity and viability in the gynodioecious beta vulgaris ssp. maritima, comparing hermaphrodites bearing a male-fertile cytotype and hermaphrodites bearing cytoplasmic male s ... | 2008 | 18005112 |
| adsorption of protein-coated lipid droplets to mixed biopolymer hydrogel surfaces: role of biopolymer diffusion. | the adsorption of charged particles to hydrogel surfaces is important in a number of natural and industrial processes. in this study, the adsorption of cationic lipid droplets to the surfaces of anionic hydrogels was examined. an oil-in-water emulsion containing cationic beta-lactoglobulin-coated lipid droplets was prepared (d32=0.24 microm, zeta=+74 mv, ph 3.0). an anionic hydrogel containing 0.1 wt % beet pectin and 1.5 wt % agar (ph 3.0) was prepared. emulsions containing different lipid drop ... | 2007 | 18004890 |
| effects of amendments of n, p, fe on phytoextraction of cd, pb, cu, and zn in soil of zhangshi by mustard, cabbage, and sugar beet. | soil contaminated with cd, pb, cu, and zn in the zhangshi irrigation area is very hard to be remediated. phytoextraction is considered as an efficient method to remove these toxic metals from soil. in the present study, three vegetables including sugar beet (beta vulgaris), mustard (brassica juncea l.), and cabbage (brassica oleracea l. var. capitata linn.) were used to bioaccumulate heavy metals in soil through pots experiment for 90 days; and nutrient elements were applied to stimulate the phy ... | 2007 | 18000847 |
| influence of dietary nutritional composition on caterpillar salivary enzyme activity. | caterpillars are faced with nutritional challenges when feeding on plants. in addition to harmful secondary metabolites and protein- and water-limitations, tissues may be carbohydrate-rich which may attenuate optimal caterpillar performance. therefore, caterpillars have multiple strategies to cope with surplus carbohydrates. in this study, we raise the possibility of a pre-ingestive mechanism to metabolically deal with excess dietary sugars. many noctuid caterpillars secrete the labial salivary ... | 2008 | 17997409 |
| ultrastructural detection of an unusual intranuclear bacterium in pentastiridius leporinus (hemiptera: cixiidae). | pentastiridius leporinus is an important vector of sugar beet pathogens in eastern france. an electron microscope survey on the insect-associated microflora revealed the occurrence of intranuclear prokaryotic cells in every internal organ analysed. these bacteria, which could also be found in the cytoplasm surrounding the nucleus, had a homogeneous coccoid (ca. 0.45 microm) or rod (0.45-1 microm) shape. the presence of three membrane layers was observed, the outermost forming a kind of vacuole c ... | 2008 | 17964596 |
| application of a green manure and green manure composted with beet vinasse on soil restoration: effects on soil properties. | beet vinasse (bv), a green manure constituted by trifolium pratense l. uncomposted (tp) and composted with beet vinasse (at 1:1 rate, (tp+bv)1, and 2:1 rate, (tp+bv)2) at 10t organic matter ha(-1) rate were applied during a period of four years for purpose of restoration of a xelloric calciorthid located near seville (guadalquivir valley, andalusia, spain). the effect on the plant cover, soil physical (structural stability and bulk density), chemical (exchangeable sodium percentage), and biologi ... | 2008 | 17959380 |
| a preliminary study on genotypic differences in transcript abundance of drought-responsive genes in sugar beet. | in this study, four sugar beet genotypes of differing responses to drought were selected from a field experiment conducted under well-watered and water-limited conditions in 2004. in addition, two candidate genes: 2-cysteine peroxiredoxin (2-cys prx) and nucleoside diphosphate kinase (ndpk), thought to be associated with drought tolerance, were chosen from a previous proteomics study in sugar beet. an expression analysis of the two drought-regulated genes using semi-quantitative reverse transcri ... | 2007 | 19093468 |
| 'red as a beet and blind as a bat' anticholinergic delirium in adolescents: lessons for the paediatrician. | anticholinergic syndrome has been widely documented in the literature but is uncommon in paediatric medicine. teenage boys are most at risk of self-induced anticholinergic syndrome through intentional ingestion of plants. we report on a 14 year old boy who presented to our hospital with clinical signs of anticholinergic toxicity and who was discharged 36 hours after admission with no major residual effects. classical anticholinergic syndrome should be readily diagnosed by the experienced clinici ... | 2007 | 17924941 |
| effects of irrigation water qualities on biomass and sugar contents of sugar beet and sweet sorghum cultivars. | an experiment involving four qualities of irrigation water two sugar beet and three sweet sorghum cultivars was conducted in a split plot design with four replications at rudasht drainage and reclamation experiment station in 1999. the results showed salinity of water has an adverse effect on sugar beet and sweet sorghum biomass. sweet sorghum cultivar ssv108 had the lowest biomass under all qualities of irrigation water sweet sorghum cultivar rio had the maximum biomass with water qualities of ... | 2007 | 17915753 |
| incorporation of plant growth regulators into the priming solution improves sugar beet germination, emergence and seedling growth at low-temperature. | in a series of experiments, impact of inclusion of plant growth regulators into the kno3 priming solution on low temperature seed germination, emergence percentage and seedling growth of sugar beet was investigated. seeds were primed in 3% kno3 solution for 6 days at 25 degrees c in darkness containing one of the following: 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, or 1 mm acetyl salicylic acid (asa) or 1, 3, 5 or 10 microm methyl jasmonated (meja). a non-primed treatment was also included in the experiment. priming s ... | 2007 | 19090156 |
| single-stage, batch, leach-bed, thermophilic anaerobic digestion of spent sugar beet pulp. | spent sugar beet pulp as received was digested in a single-stage, batch, unmixed, leach-bed, laboratory scale thermophilic anaerobic digester. biogasification of each 0.450 kg (wet weight) batch of spent pulp was initiated by inoculating with anaerobically digested liquor from previous run. the average methane yield was 0.336 m3 ch4 at stp (kgvs)(-1), the maximum methane production rate was 0.087 m3 ch4 at stp (kgvs)(-1)d(-1), average lag time to initiate methanogenesis was only 0.44 days and ti ... | 2008 | 17855085 |
| equilibrium isotherm studies for the uptake of cadmium and lead ions onto sugar beet pulp. | the adsorption of cd2+ and pb2+ on sugar beet pulp (sbp), a low-cost material, has been studied. in the present work, the abilities of native (sbp) to remove cadmium (cd2+) and lead (pb2+) ions from aqueous solutions were compared. the (sbp) an industrial by product and solid waste of sugar industry were used for the removal of cd2+ and pb2+ ions from aqueous water. batch adsorption studies were carried out to examine the influence of various parameters such as initial ph, adsorbent dose, initia ... | 2008 | 17855082 |
| long distance pollen-mediated gene flow at a landscape level: the weed beet as a case study. | gene flow is a crucial parameter that can affect the organization of genetic diversity in plant species. it has important implications in terms of conservation of genetic resources and of gene exchanges between crop to wild relatives and within crop species complex. in the beta vulgaris complex, hybridization between crop and wild beets in seed production areas is well documented and the role of the ensuing hybrids, weed beets, as bridges towards wild forms in sugar beet production areas have be ... | 2007 | 17850547 |
| decolorization of sugar syrups using commercial and sugar beet pulp based activated carbons. | sugar syrup decolorization was studied using two commercial and eight beet pulp based activated carbons. in an attempt to relate decolorizing performances to other characteristics, surface areas, pore volumes, bulk densities and ash contents of the carbons in the powdered form; ph and electrical conductivities of their suspensions and their color adsorption properties from iodine and molasses solution were determined. the color removal capabilities of all carbons were measured at 1/100 (w/w) dos ... | 2008 | 17826086 |
| 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid and abscisic acid during the germination of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.): a comparative study of fruits and seeds. | the control of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) germination by plant hormones was studied by comparing fruits and seeds. treatment of sugar beet fruits and seeds with gibberellins, brassinosteroids, auxins, cytokinins, and jasmonates or corresponding hormone biosynthesis inhibitors did not appreciably affect radicle emergence of fruits or seeds. by contrast, treatment with ethylene or the ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (acc) promoted radicle emergence of fruits and seeds. ... | 2007 | 17761730 |
| the source of fermentable carbohydrates influences the in vitro protein synthesis by colonic bacteria isolated from pigs. | two in vitro experiments were carried out to quantify the incorporation of nitrogen (n) by pig colonic bacteria during the fermentation of dietary fibre, including non-starch polysaccharides and resistant starch. in the first experiment, five purified carbohydrates were used: starch (s), cellulose (c), inulin (i), pectin (p) and xylan (x). in the second experiment, three pepsin-pancreatin hydrolysed ingredients were investigated: potato, sugar-beet pulp and wheat bran. the substrates were incuba ... | 2007 | 22444858 |
| mitochondrial dna phylogeny of cultivated and wild beets: relationships among cytoplasmic male-sterility-inducing and nonsterilizing cytoplasms. | cytoplasmic male sterility (cms), the maternally inherited failure to produce functional pollen, has been used in the breeding of sugar beet (beta vulgaris ssp. vulgaris). at least three different sources of cms can be distinguished from one another as well as from normal fertile cytoplasm by polymorphisms in their mitochondrial genomes. here we analyzed 50 accessions of cultivated and wild beets to investigate the phylogenetic relationships among male-sterility-inducing and normal cytoplasms. t ... | 2007 | 17720920 |
| batch and fed-batch production of betalains by red beet (beta vulgaris) hairy roots in a bubble column reactor. | hairy root cultures from red beet (beta vulgaris l.), which could be used for the commercial production of biologically active betalain pigments, were cultivated in a 3 l bubble column bioreactor in batch mode with various rates of air supply. both the growth of the roots and betalain volumetric yields were highest (12.7 g accumulated dry biomass/l and 330.5 mg/ l, respectively) with a 10 l/h (0.083 vvm) air supply. the air flow rate also influenced the betacyanins/betaxanthins ratios in the cul ... | 2009 | 17708452 |
| molecular characterization and developmental expression of the gene encoding the prothoracicotropic hormone in the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua. | prothoracicotropic hormone (ptth), a neuropeptide hormone stimulating the prothoracic glands to synthesize ecdysone, plays an important role in regulating postembryonic development in insects. the cdna encoding ptth was isolated and sequenced from the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua (spe). the deduced amino acid sequence is composed of a signal peptide, a peptide (65 amino acids) of unknown function, and a mature ptth molecule (111 amino acids). the spe-ptth shows similarities (45.5%-70.3%) to ... | 2007 | 17653666 |
| comparative effectiveness of sugar beet microsatellite markers isolated from genomic libraries and genbank ests to map the sugar beet genome. | sugar beet (beta vulgaris) is an important root crop for sucrose production. a study was conducted to find a new abundant source of microsatellite (ssr) markers in order to develop marker assistance for breeding. different sources of existing microsatellites were used and new ones were developed to compare their efficiency to reveal diversity in mapping population and mapping coverage. forty-one microsatellite markers were isolated from a b. vulgaris ssp maritima genomic library and 201 ssrs wer ... | 2007 | 17646961 |
| transient expression of protein tyrosine phosphatases encoded in cotesia plutellae bracovirus inhibits insect cellular immune responses. | several immunosuppressive factors are associated with parasitism of an endoparasitoid wasp, cotesia plutellae, on the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella. c. plutellae bracovirus (cpbv) encodes a large number of putative protein tyrosine phosphatases (ptps), which may play a role in inhibiting host cellular immunity. to address this inhibitory hypothesis of cpbv-ptps, we performed transient expression of individual cpbv-ptps in hemocytes of the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua, and analyzed th ... | 2008 | 17646950 |
| differential distribution of chlorophyll biosynthetic intermediates in stroma, envelope and thylakoid membranes in beta vulgaris. | stroma, envelope and thylakoid membranes were prepared from chloroplasts isolated from leaves of beta vulgaris. out of total plastidic protochlorophyllide, envelope membranes contained 1.5%, thylakoids had the maximum 98.48% and stroma had a trace fraction of 0.02%. distribution of the mg-protoporphyrin ix and its monoester was 89.0% in thylakoids, 10.0% in stroma and 1.0% in envelope. a substantial fraction (33.77%) of plastidic protoporphyrin ix was partitioned into stroma. envelope contained ... | 2007 | 17638115 |
| [inheritance of the ps mutation in sugar beet]. | | 2007 | 17633558 |
| analysis of dna polymorphisms in sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) and development of an snp-based map of expressed genes. | a panel of 13 sugar beet lines and one genotype each of the beta vulgaris cultivars red beet and swiss chard, and b. vulgaris ssp. maritima were used to identify polymorphisms in alignments of genomic dna sequences derived from 315 est- and 43 non-coding rflp-derived loci. in sugar beet lines, loci of expressed genes showed an average snp frequency of 1/72 bp, 1 in 58 bp in non-coding sequences, increasing to 1/47 bp upon the addition of the remaining genotypes. within analysed dna fragments, al ... | 2007 | 17622508 |
| molecular cloning of a bifunctional beta-xylosidase/alpha-l-arabinosidase from alfalfa roots: heterologous expression in medicago truncatula and substrate specificity of the purified enzyme. | glycoside hydrolases are often members of a multigene family, suggesting individual roles for each isoenzyme. various extracellular glycoside hydrolases have an important but poorly understood function in remodelling the cell wall during plant growth. here, msxyl1, a concanavalin a-binding protein from alfalfa (medicago sativa l.) belonging to the glycoside hydrolase family 3 (beta-d-xylosidase branch) is characterized. transcripts of msxyl1 were detected in roots (particularly root tips), root ... | 2007 | 17615411 |
| impact of scale on the effectiveness of disease control strategies for epidemics with cryptic infection in a dynamical landscape: an example for a crop disease. | we use a spatially explicit, stochastic model to analyse the effectiveness of different scales of local control strategies in containing the long-term, multi-seasonal spread of a crop disease through a dynamically changing population of susceptible crops in which there is cryptic infection. the model distinguishes between susceptible, infested and symptomatic fields. it is motivated by rhizomania disease on sugar beet in the uk as an exemplar of a spatially structured and partially asymptomatic ... | 2007 | 17609179 |
| effect of starch level and straw intake on animal performance, rumen wall characteristics and liver abscesses in intensively fed friesian bulls. | the objective was to reduce the incidence of liver abscesses (las) in young bulls by reducing the starch content of the concentrate and increasing the straw intake by adding molasses without reducing performance. eighty-five danish friesian bulls (146 ± 2.6 kg live weight (lw)) were allocated to four treatment groups in a 2 × 2 factorial design and were ad libitum fed either a high (h) (43%) or a low (l) (25%) starch concentrate, and either chopped barley straw (s) or a mixture (sm) of chopped b ... | 2007 | 22444742 |
| vinasse organic matter quality and mineralization potential, as influenced by raw material, fermentation and concentration processes. | both dilute and concentrated vinasse can be spread on agricultural fields or used as organic fertilizer. the effects of different characteristics of the original raw material on the biochemical composition of vinasse and their c and n mineralization in soil were investigated. vinasse samples were obtained from similar industrial fermentation processes based on the growth of microorganisms on molasses from different raw material (sugar beet or sugar cane) and vinasse concentration (dilute or conc ... | 2008 | 17582760 |
| zinc and copper uptake by silver beet grown in secondary treated effluent. | the study was conducted in a hydroponics set-up to determine the suitability of zinc (zn) and copper (cu) contaminated wastewater as a growth medium for edible crops; to identify accumulation of zn and cu in different parts of the plants and to understand their effects on plant growth. silver beet was found to produce adequate yields in the zn (1.7 mg/l and 2.0mg/l) and cu (0.35 mg/l and 1.1mg/l) spiked medium but not in the secondary treated domestic effluent. the plants grown in secondary trea ... | 2008 | 17570659 |
| the effect of wind direction on cross-pollination in wind-pollinated gm crops. | in europe, regulatory thresholds restrict adventitious gm (genetically modified) presence in conventional crops. minimum distances for the spatial separation of fields are often recommended to reduce field-to-field cross-pollination to an acceptable level. field trials are typically the basis for setting separation distances. however, using records of wind direction and speed from weather stations across europe, we predict theoretically that field-to-field windborne cross-pollination in maize, o ... | 2007 | 17555231 |
| resistance gene analogues are clustered on chromosome 3 of sugar beet and cosegregate with qtl for rhizomania resistance. | worldwide, rhizomania is the most important disease of sugar beet. the only way to control this disease is to use resistant varieties. four full-length resistance gene analogues (rgas) from sugar beet (czr-1, czr-3, czr-7, and czr-9) were used in this study. their predicted polypeptides carry typical nucleotide-binding sites (nbss) and leucin-rich repeat (lrr) regions, and share high homology to various plant virus resistance genes. their corresponding alleles were cloned and sequenced from a rh ... | 2007 | 17546072 |
| effects of partial enzymic degradation of sugar beet pectin on oxidative coupling of pectin-linked ferulates in vitro. | pectins were extracted from roots and petioles of sugar beet, and treated with alpha-arabinosidase, 1,4-beta-galactanase or polygalacturonase. they were then cross-linked using hydrogen peroxide and peroxidase. the effects on pectin molecular size were monitored by size-exclusion chromatography and viscometry. a decrease in apparent molecular size was observed after alpha-arabinosidase and polygalacturonase treatment, and all three enzymes caused a decrease in viscosity. the pectins were then cr ... | 2007 | 17524439 |
| genetic and ecological consequences of transgene flow to the wild flora. | gene flow from crops to wild relatives by sexual reproduction is one of the major issues in risk assessment for the cultivation of genetically engineered (ge) plants. the main factors which influence hybridization and introgression, the two processes of gene flow, as well as the accompanying containment measures of the transgene, are reviewed. the comparison of risks between switzerland and europe highlights the importance of regional studies. differences were assessed for barley, beet and wheat ... | 2007 | 17522826 |
| copper removal from aqueous solutions by sugar beet pulp treated by naoh and citric acid. | sugar beet pulp was converted into effective copper sorption material by treating subsequently with naoh and citric acid. compared with the untreated sugar beet pulp, the cation exchange capacity of the modified sugar beet pulp increased from 0.86 to 3.21 mequiv.g(-1). swelling capacity and cod values of modified sugar beet pulp were found to be decreased in the ratio of 38% and 61%, respectively, compared to the corresponding values of native sugar beet pulp, meaning that modification causes st ... | 2007 | 17499920 |
| assessment of change in soil water content properties irrigated with industrial sugar beet wastewater. | in this research the effect of industrial sugar beet wastewater has been assessed on the soil water content properties in summer 2005. the evaluated parameters were the soil water content points such as saturation percent (sp), field capacity (fc), permanent wilting point (pwp), gravitational water and total available water (taw). the pilot design was fully randomized with three replications and three treatments. the three treatments were: 1-normal water, 2-industrial sugar beet wastewater (50%) ... | 2007 | 19086512 |
| non-dioxin-like pcbs in crops and related products: levels and intakes in serbia. | levels of six non-dioxin-like indicator pcbs in 36 composite samples of agricultural crops, related by-products and foodstuffs were pooled from a total of 938 individual samples collected in serbia in 2002 and 2004. after extraction and cleanup, pcbs were determined by capillary gc using ecd. the highest total pcb levels were found in dried sugar beet pulp (2.89 ng g(-1) whole weight (ww)) and crude sunflower oil (1.83 ng g(-1) lipid), while the lowest levels were found in molasses (0.05 ng g(-1 ... | 2007 | 17487606 |
| red as a beet. | | 2007 | 17476994 |
| continuous ozonation of biologically pretreated molasses fermentation effluents. | in this work, continuous chemical oxidation processes (single ozonation and ozone combined with hydrogen peroxide) of biologically pretreated wastewaters from a beet molasses fermentation factory have been studied. oxidation processes were carried out in a stirred tank reactor at the natural ph of the wastewater and 25 degrees c, analyzing the effect of the hydraulic residence time and applied ozone mass flow on color and organic matter removals. ozone consumption was also measured in each exper ... | 2007 | 17474004 |
| the class a chitin synthase gene of spodoptera exigua: molecular cloning and expression patterns. | chitin synthase (chs) is an important enzymatic component required for chitin formation in the cuticles and cuticular linings of other tissues. in the present study, a new chs gene was characterized from the beet army worm spodoptera exigua (hübner) (se). homologous alignment and phylogenetic analysis of s. exigua chs (sechs) with other related proteins suggest that sechs belongs to the class a chs family (sechsa). northern blot analysis revealed that sechsa is transcribed preferentially in the ... | 2007 | 17456436 |
| monitoring the efficacy and metabolism of phenylcarbamates in sugar beet and black nightshade by chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. | desmedipham, phenmedipham and a 50% mixture of the two decreased the maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem ii (f(v)/f(m)) and the relative changes at the j step (f(vj)) immediately after spraying in both sugar beet and black nightshade grown in the greenhouse. sugar beet recovered more rapidly from phenmedipham and the mixture than from desmedipham. desmedipham and the mixture irreversibly affected f(v)/f(m) and f(vj) in black nightshade at much lower doses than in sugar beet. black nightsha ... | 2007 | 17437253 |
| cross-reactivity between parietaria pollen and beet. | allergy to beet is very rare. until now, only a few reports about asthma induced by inhaling the vapor of cooked beet have been published. we describe two patients with allergic rhinitis and positive skin prick tests to parietaria and beet only. to investigate possible cross-reactivity between parietaria pollen and beet, we performed laboratory assays that showed beet-specific ige in the sera of both patients and possible cross-reactivity between parietaria and beet in one patient. | 2015 | 17428404 |
| variance of the parental genome contribution to inbred lines derived from biparental crosses. | the expectation of the parental genome contribution to inbred lines derived from biparental crosses or backcrosses is well known, but no theoretical results exist for its variance. our objective was to derive the variance of the parental genome contribution to inbred lines developed by the single-seed descent or double haploid method from biparental crosses or backcrosses. we derived formulas and tabulated results for the variance of the parental genome contribution depending on the chromosome l ... | 2007 | 17409089 |
| arabinogalactan-proteins stimulate the organogenesis of guard cell protoplasts-derived callus in sugar beet. | arabinogalactan proteins (agps) represent a class of proteoglycans implicated in the development and differentiation of cells and tissues both in planta and in vitro. here we report that agp-rich extracts isolated from media of embryogenic and non-embryogenic suspension cultures of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) are able to enhance the organogenesis of guard protoplast-derived callus and to increase the number of shoots formed, in comparison to control cultures. immunocytochemical detection of ca ... | 2007 | 17406872 |
| wounding, anoxia and cold induce sugarbeet sucrose synthase transcriptional changes that are unrelated to protein expression and activity. | wounding, anoxia, and cold are often encountered during crop production and postharvest storage of plant products. although the effect of these stresses on the expression of sucrose synthase, a key enzyme in the carbon metabolism of many storage organs, has been investigated in several starch-accumulating plant organs, little information on their effect on sucrose synthase expression in sucrose-storing organs is available. to determine the effect of wounding, anoxia and cold on a sucrose-storing ... | 2008 | 17395334 |
| molecular characterization of two pheromone binding proteins and quantitative analysis of their expression in the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua hübner. | pheromone binding proteins (pbp) play an important role in insect pheromone communication. however, the pbp for the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua hübner (lepidoptera: noctuidae), an important agricultural pest worldwide, remains unaddressed. we report the cloning of two pbp genes, sexigpbp1 and sexigpbp2, from the antennal cdna of s. exigua by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) and rapid amplification of cdna ends-pcr (race-pcr). the deduced pbp amino acid sequences are ... | 2007 | 17393279 |
| the residual effect of imazethapyr applied in soybean to barley and winter wheat in romania. | many experiments have been made in romania in the period 1965-2000 regarding the remnant effect of atrazine herbicide on different plants: barley, wheat, peas, soybean, beans, potatoes, sugar beet, flax, hemp, etc. the remnant effect of imazethapyr herbicide is similar to the effect of atrazine. selectivity in soybean is attributed to a rapid detoxication via hydroxylation and glycosylation in the course of the days 1-6. the persistence of the imazethapyr herbicide in the soil is very long. by t ... | 2006 | 17390828 |
| metamitron-resistant chenopodium album from sugar beet: cross-resistance profile. | in recent years, in several of the belgian sugar beet growing regions, farmers have been confronted with unsatisfactory control of fat hen (chenopodium album l.). greenhouse bioassays conducted on reference c. album populations and on "suspected" populations from sugar beet fields where poor fat hen control had been observed, revealed that all "suspected" populations were resistant to metamitron, a key herbicide in the modern low rate weed control programs in sugar beet. these metamitron-resista ... | 2006 | 17390814 |
| organization of pectic arabinan and galactan side chains in association with cellulose microfibrils in primary cell walls and related models envisaged. | the structure of arabinan and galactan domains in association with cellulose microfibrils was investigated using enzymatic and alkali degradation procedures. sugar beet and potato cell wall residues (called 'natural' composites), rich in pectic neutral sugar side chains and cellulose, as well as 'artificial' composites, created by in vitro adsorption of arabinan and galactan side chains onto primary cell wall cellulose, were studied. these composites were sequentially treated with enzymes specif ... | 2007 | 17383990 |
| cloning and expression of the gene encoding the diapause hormone and pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide of the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua. | diapause hormone (dh) and pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide (pban), two important insect neuropeptides, regulate insect development and sex pheromone biosynthesis, respectively. dh-like immunoreactivity has been detected in the suboesophageal ganglion (sg) of pharate adult of spodoptera exigua (spe) by using an antiserum against helicoverpa armigera dh. a full-length of spe-dh-pban cdna was obtained based on reverse transcription-pcr and rapid amplification of cdna ends strategies. ... | 2007 | 17364826 |
| on the structure of phoneme categories in listeners with cochlear implants. | to describe cochlear implant users' phoneme labeling, discrimination, and prototypes for a vowel and a sibilant contrast, and to assess the effects of 1 year's experience with prosthetic hearing. | 2007 | 17344544 |
| evaluation of the 1-methyl-2-phenylindole colorimetric assay for aldehydic lipid peroxidation products in plants: malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxynonenal. | the 1-methyl-2-phenylindole colorimetric assay is considered specific for malondialdehyde (mda) and 4-hydroxynonenal (hne) in mammalian systems, but its specificity in plant tissues is unknown. this study demonstrates that the assay produces a purple/blue chromophore with an absorbance peak at 586 nm for a malondialdehyde standard, while aqueous extractions from ribes spp. beta vulgaris, and lycopersicon esculentum tissues produce an orange chromophore with an absorbance maximum at 450 nm and a ... | 2007 | 17344056 |
| transcript profiles at different growth stages and tap-root zones identify correlated developmental and metabolic pathways of sugar beet. | field-grown sugar beets were analysed for morphological characters, sucrose content, and reproducible transcript profiles by macroarray analyses with 11,520 unique sugar-beet cdna targets in two different years. seasonal differences were partly compensated by expressing sampling dates as thermal time. during early beet development the number of cambial rings, root length, and sucrose concentration had already achieved >40% of their final values. sucrose levels rose from 10% to 17% over the therm ... | 2007 | 17307746 |
| gibberellic acid (ga3) enhance seed water uptake, germination and early seedling growth in sugar beet under salt stress. | the study was carried out to assess whether water uptake could be improved in sugar beet seeds and salt tolerance at the germination and early seedling stage by soaking the seeds for 10 h in distilled water (control), 100, 150 and 200 mg l(-1) ga3. electrical conductivity (ec) values of the nacl solution were 0.0 (control), 4.7, 9.4 and 14.1 ds n(-1) nacl. priming increased the final germination percentage and the germination rate (1/t 50, where t 50 is the time to 50% of germination) under sali ... | 2007 | 19069553 |
| changes in the first derivatives of leaf reflectance spectra of various plants induced by variations of chlorophyll content. | reflectance spectra of leaves of winter wheat, maize, sugar beet and wild vine have been measured. chlorophyll variations induce changes in the first derivatives of the reflectance spectra. a correlation of various derivative indices such as d(725)/d(702), d(lw)/d(sw), d(lw)/d(702), d(725)/d(sw,)d(715)/d(702), d(m)/d(sw), d(m)/d(702) and d(715)/d(sw) with chlorophyll content was tested, when d is the relative height of the first derivative, the subscript numbers give the wavelength in nm for fix ... | 2007 | 17292510 |
| effects of sewage sludge amendment on heavy metal accumulation and consequent responses of beta vulgaris plants. | use of sewage sludge, a biological residue produced from sewage treatment processes in agriculture is an alternative disposal technique of waste. to study the usefulness of sewage sludge amendment for palak (beta vulgaris var. allgreen h-1), a leafy vegetable and consequent heavy metal contamination, a pot experiment was conducted by mixing sewage sludge at 20% and 40% (w/w) amendment ratios to the agricultural soil. soil ph decreased whereas electrical conductance, organic carbon, total n, avai ... | 2007 | 17289111 |
| the effects of olive mill waste compost and poultry manure on the availability and plant uptake of nutrients in a highly saline soil. | the effects of a compost (produced from by-products of the olive oil industry) and a poultry manure on mineral ion solubility and exchangeability in a highly saline agricultural soil (electrical conductivity for a 1:5 soil:water extract=1.85 ds m(-1)) from murcia (se spain) were studied. the organic amendments did not change significantly the soil electrical conductivity or the soluble na(+), ca(2+) or mg(2+). only soluble k(+) increased, due to the k(+) supplied by the amendments. the cation ex ... | 2008 | 17275292 |
| cryopreservation of the late stage embryos of spodoptera exigua (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | genetic devolution, genetic drift and contamination are all threats to maintain germplasm stability during mass rearing of many insects. cryopreservation of beet armworm (spodoptera exigua) embryos was studied to provide information to improve mass rearing. a series of experiments was conducted on late-stage embryos (45-48 h at 27 degree c) of the beet armyworm, which included evaluation of cryoprotectants (cpas), their toxicity and glass-forming tendency and optimization of experimental procedu ... | 2013 | 17256068 |
| beta vulgaris l. suspension cultures permeabilized with triton x-100 retain cell viability and betacyanines production ability: a digital image analysis study. | the influence of triton x-100 on beta vulgaris l. permeabilized cell culture viability, regrowth, and ability to produce betacyanines was evaluated in this study. a non-destructive method based on the analysis of images in the rgb (red, green, blue) system was developed to estimate betacyanines content. a treatment for 15 min with 0.7 mm triton x-100 induced the release of 30% of betacyanines without loss of cell viability (>or=70%). after this permeabilization treatment, b. vulgaris cultures re ... | 2007 | 17253724 |
| [effect of 5-azacitidine on flower stalk branching in sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.)]. | an influence of epimutagen 5-azacitidine on a flower stalk morphogenesis in sugar beet was studied. after the epimutagene treatment the great number of the first- and the third-order branch formation was observed. a higher level of branching completely modified the flower stalk architectonics (generations a0az0 and a1az1). a number of the second-order branches in the control and the experimental plants were not distinguished. a new epiphenotype with higher level of branching (generation a0az0) i ... | 2013 | 17243371 |
| the utilization of beet molasses as a novel carbon source for cephalosporin c production by acremonium chrysogenum: optimization of process parameters through statistical experimental designs. | in this work, cephalosporin c (cpc) production on pilot scale fermenters of 600l capacity with 350l working volume by acremonium chrysogenum emcc 904 was performed. the effects of fermentation medium composition, inoculum concentration, initial ph and aeration rate on cpc production by a. chrysogenum strain was investigated by using response surface methodology (rsm). the plackett-burman design which involves two concentrations of each nutrient was effective in searching for the major medium com ... | 2007 | 17222554 |
| alkaline degradation of invert sugar from molasses. | sugar beet and sugar cane molasses have been shown to be suitable starting materials for producing de-icer preparations. the sucrose in the molasses is hydrolyzed to glucose and fructose by invertase. the reducing sugars are then degraded by naoh, the alkali being neutralized by the sugar acids produced, resulting in an increase of the ionic strength and consequently depression of the freezing point of the resulting solution. for the preparation of de-icers, the desired freezing point depression ... | 2007 | 17222551 |
| long day plants and the response to global warming: rapid evolutionary change in day length sensitivity is possible in wild beet. | day length is a key factor in flowering induction in many plant species in a seasonal environment with flowering induction usually happening at shorter day lengths in lower latitudes. now, the climate changes systematically at a considerable speed due to global warming. as a consequence, earlier flowering will be selected for in long day plants by favouring a lower threshold for day length sensitivity, on the condition of available genetic variability. here, we show that there is considerable ge ... | 2007 | 17210028 |
| assessment of in vitro binding of isolated pectic domains to cellulose by adsorption isotherms, electron microscopy, and x-ray diffraction methods. | isolated pectic domains representative of the pectic backbone and the neutral sugar side chains were tested for their ability to interact with cellulose in comparison to the well-known binding of xyloglucan. pectic side chains displayed a significant in vitro binding capacity to cellulose, whereas pectic backbone domains exhibited only slight adsorption to cellulose microfibrils. to support the binding results, electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction were applied. celluloses from bacteria and ... | 2007 | 17206811 |
| host plant resistance in romaine lettuce affects feeding behavior and biology of trichoplusia ni and spodoptera exigua (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | lettuce quality and yield can be reduced by feeding of several lepidopterous pests, particularly cabbage looper, trichoplusia ni (hübner), and beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua (hübner) (lepidoptera: noctuidae). host plant resistance to these insects is an environmentally sound adjunct to conventional chemical control. in this study we compared the survival, development, and feeding behavior of cabbage looper and beet armyworm on two romaine lettuce cultivars, resistant 'valmaine' and susceptible ... | 2006 | 17195688 |
| decomposition of sugar beet residues from three tillage systems in a temperate climate. | | 2006 | 17191513 |
| site specific herbicide treatment of weeds in sugar beet crop. | | 2006 | 17191495 |
| liquid chromatography coupled to isotope ratio mass spectrometry: a new perspective on honey adulteration detection. | a new procedure to determine individual sugar (sucrose, glucose, and fructose) 13c isotope ratios, using liquid chromatography-isotope ratio mass spectrometry (hplc-irms), has been developed to improve isotopic methods devoted to the study of honey authenticity. for this purpose 79 commercial honey samples from various origins were analyzed. values of delta13choney ranged from -14.2 to -27.2", and delta13cprotein ranged from -23.6 to -26.9". a very strong correlation is observed between the indi ... | 2006 | 17177492 |
| mobilization and evolutionary history of miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements (mites) in beta vulgaris l. | we have identified three families of miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements (vulmites) in the genome of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.), evidently derived from a member of the vulmar family of mariner transposons. while vulmites i are typical stowaway-like mites, vulmites ii and vulmites iii are rearranged stowaway elements of increased size. the integration of divergent moderately and highly repetitive sequences into vulmites ii and, in particular in vulmites iii, respectively, shows tha ... | 2006 | 17171577 |
| effects of genetically modified herbicide-tolerant cropping systems on weed seedbanks in two years of following crops. | the farm scale evaluations (fses) showed that genetically modified herbicide-tolerant (gmht) cropping systems could influence farmland biodiversity because of their effects on weed biomass and seed production. recently published results for winter oilseed rape showed that a switch to gmht crops significantly affected weed seedbanks for at least 2 years after the crops were sown, potentially causing longer-term effects on other taxa. here, we seek evidence for similar medium-term effects on weed ... | 2006 | 17148348 |
| production of tailor-made fructans in sugar beet by expression of onion fructosyltransferase genes. | the consumption of fructans as a low caloric food ingredient or dietary fibre is rapidly increasing due to health benefits. presently, the most important fructan source is chicory, but these fructans have a simple linear structure and are prone to degradation. additional sources of high-quality tailor-made fructans would provide novel opportunities for their use as food ingredients. sugar beet is a highly productive crop that does not normally synthesize fructans. we have introduced specific oni ... | 2004 | 17134393 |
| the developmental and organ specific expression of sucrose cleaving enzymes in sugar beet suggests a transition between apoplasmic and symplasmic phloem unloading in the tap roots. | sucrose utilisation in sink tissues depend on its cleavage and is mediated by two different classes of enzymes, invertase and sucrose synthase, which determine the mechanism of phloem unloading. cloning of two extracellular (bin35 and bin46) and one vacuolar invertase (bin44) provided the basis for a detailed molecular analysis of the relative contribution of the sucrose cleaving enzymes to the sink metabolism of sugar beets (beta vulgaris) during development. the determination of the steady sta ... | 2016 | 17095237 |
| the use of sulphuric acid-carbonization products of sugar beet pulp in cr(vi) removal. | a carbon rich adsorbent prepared from the reaction of sugar beet pulp with sulphuric acid and gas formed during carbonization process have been studied for cr(vi) removal from aqueous solutions. the so(2) rich gas was shown to be an excellent cr(vi) reductant. the equilibrium and kinetic studies were conducted by using the carbonaceous adsorbent derived from sugar beet pulp. the lower ph favoured cr(vi) adsorption but substantial cr(vi) reduction was observed. the langmuir and freundlich isother ... | 2007 | 17084024 |
| comparison of composition and quality traits of meat from young finishing bulls from belgian blue, limousin and aberdeen angus breeds. | thirty-six young finishing bulls from three breeds (belgian blue, limousin and aberdeen angus) were fattened over five months with finishing diets based either on sugar-beet pulp or on cereals. nutritional quality traits of meat - fat content and fatty acid composition with emphasis on the n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids - along with some organoleptic quality traits were measured. the belgian blue bulls had the lowest intramuscular fat content associated with lower saturated and monounsa ... | 2006 | 22063057 |
| betanin, the main pigment of red beet: molecular origin of its exceptionally high free radical-scavenging activity. | in the present study, the ph-dependent free radical-scavenging activity of betanin in the trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (teac) assay was determined. it was found that at a ph > 4 betanin is about 1.5-2.0-fold more active than some anthocyanins considered very good free radical scavengers as determined in the teac assay. the increase in the teac values of betanin with increasing ph is discussed in terms of its calculated phenolic oh homolytic bond dissociation energy (bde) and ionization ... | 2006 | 17071510 |
| hummingbirds fuel hovering flight with newly ingested sugar. | we sought to characterize the ability of hummingbirds to fuel their energetically expensive hovering flight using dietary sugar by a combination of respirometry and stable carbon isotope techniques. broadtailed hummingbirds (selasphorus platycercus) were maintained on a diet containing beet sugar with an isotopic composition characteristic of c3 plants. hummingbirds were fasted and then offered a solution containing cane sugar with an isotopic composition characteristic of c4 plants. by monitori ... | 2011 | 17041873 |
| alternative therapy use in liver transplant recipients. | the extent of use of alternative therapies and the psychosocial variables predictive of their use have not been well defined in liver transplant recipients. | 2006 | 17007157 |
| textural development of sugar beet bagasse activated with zncl2. | in this study, activated carbons were prepared from sugar beet bagasse, which is side product and waste in sugar plants, by chemical activation with zncl2. influence of activation temperature was investigated on to pore structure. zncl2/sugar beet bagasse ratio (impregnation ratio) was selected as 1:1. the impregnated sample was raised to the activation temperature under n(2) (100ml/min) atmosphere with 10 degrees c/min heating rate and hold at this temperature for 1h. the activation temperature ... | 2007 | 16982141 |
| down co-regulation of light absorption, photochemistry, and carboxylation in fe-deficient plants growing in different environments. | the regulation of photosynthesis through changes in light absorption, photochemistry, and carboxylation efficiency has been studied in plants grown in different environments. iron deficiency was induced in sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) by growing plants hydroponically in controlled growth chambers in the absence of fe in the nutrient solution. pear (pyrus communis l.) and peach (prunus persica l. batsch) trees were grown in field conditions on calcareous soils, in orchards with fe deficiency-chl ... | 2006 | 16969716 |
| proteomic profiles of thylakoid membranes and changes in response to iron deficiency. | the proteomic profile of thylakoid membranes and the changes induced in that proteome by iron deficiency have been studied by using thylakoid preparations from beta vulgaris plants grown in hydroponics. two different 2-d electrophoresis approaches have been used to study these proteomes: isoelectrical focusing followed by sds page (ief-sds page) and blue-native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by sds page (bn-sds page). these techniques resolved approximately 110-140 and 40 polypeptid ... | 2006 | 16969715 |
| immunodetection of pectin and arabinogalactan protein epitopes during pollen exine formation of beta vulgaris l. | we present the results of ultrastructural and immunocytochemical studies of sugar beet microsporocytes during the developmental phase that begins with the first meiotic metaphase and ends with the formation of young tetrads. the most prominent feature noted during this period of microsporogenesis was the presence of numerous cisternae of endoplasmic reticulum which frequently lie perpendicular to the surface of the plasma membrane and eventually fuse to it. microscopic observations have been com ... | 2006 | 16937053 |
| [effect of the epimutagen 5-azacytidine on the structure of floral-stalk metameres in sugar beet (beta vulgaris l)]. | this study is dedicated to the effect of the epimutagen 5-azacytidine on the structure of floral-stalk metameres in sugar beet beta vulgaris l. simple phytomeres consist of separate flowers (unianthous plants; ua phenotype), while complex metameres occur in synanthous plants (sa phenotype). treatment of the synanthous line mcsoan-5 dramatically reduced the number of flowers on phytomeres as early as in generation zero (a0az0). for the first time, plants with simple phytomeres were found in this ... | 2006 | 16915925 |