| identification of the mxih needle protein residues responsible for anchoring invasion plasmid antigen d to the type iii secretion needle tip. | the pathogenesis of shigella flexneri requires a functional type iii secretion apparatus to serve as a conduit for injecting host-altering effector proteins into the membrane and cytoplasm of the targeted cell. the type iii secretion apparatus is composed of a basal body and an exposed needle that is an extended polymer of mxih with a 2.0-nm inner channel. invasion plasmid antigen d (ipad) resides at the tip of the needle to control type iii secretion. the atomic structures of mxih and ipad have ... | 2007 | 17827155 |
| symbiotic relationships of legumes and nodule bacteria on barro colorado island, panama: a review. | abstract new data on 129 bacterial isolates were analyzed together with prior samples to characterize community-level patterns of legume-rhizobial symbiosis on barro colorado island (bci), panama. nodules have been sampled from 24 bci legume species in 18 genera, representing about one quarter of the legume species and one half of the genera on the island. most bci legumes associated exclusively with nodule symbionts in the genus bradyrhizobium, which comprised 86.3% of all isolates (315 of 365) ... | 2008 | 17828570 |
| burkholderia pseudomallei: in vitro susceptibility to some new and old antimicrobials. | the treatment of melioidosis currently involves the use of antimicrobials such as ceftazidime, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, amoxicillin-clavulanate and doxycycline. evaluation of other antimicrobials with activity against the organism continues to be pursued, however, as the causative organism, b. pseudomallei, may not always be susceptible to the above antimicrobials. this study aimed to test the susceptibility of malaysian isolates of b. pseudomallei against imipenem, meropenem, ertapenem, m ... | 2007 | 17852912 |
| identification of isolates within the burkholderia cepacia complex by a multiplex reca and 16s rrna gene real-time pcr assay. | | 2007 | 17855569 |
| sensitive and specific molecular detection of burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, in the soil of tropical northern australia. | burkholderia pseudomallei, the cause of the severe disease melioidosis in humans and animals, is a gram-negative saprophyte living in soil and water of areas of endemicity such as tropical northern australia and southeast asia. infection occurs mainly by contact with wet contaminated soil. the environmental distribution of b. pseudomallei in northern australia is still unclear. we developed and evaluated a direct soil b. pseudomallei dna detection method based on the recently published real-time ... | 2007 | 17873073 |
| role of lipase in burkholderia cepacia complex (bcc) invasion of lung epithelial cells. | the burkholderia cepacia complex (bcc) is a group of ten closely related species associated with life-threatening infection in cystic fibrosis (cf). these bacteria are highly antibiotic resistant, with some strains transmissible, and in a subgroup of patients, they can cause a rapid and fatal necrotising pneumonia. the bcc organisms produce a range of exoproducts with virulence potential, including exopolysaccharide, proteases and lipases. many members of the bcc are also capable of epithelial c ... | 2007 | 17874328 |
| community-acquired pneumonia in thai patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. | infection, particularly pneumonia, is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (sle). this study was performed to assess the prevalence, causative organisms, and outcomes of community-acquired pneumonia (cap) in thai sle patients, and determine the predicting factors for death. a retrospective chart review of adult sle patients, age >16 years, seen at the division of rheumatology, chiang mai university over an 18 year period was carried out. cases di ... | 2007 | 17877230 |
| natural products from isna-containing biosynthetic gene clusters recovered from the genomes of cultured and uncultured bacteria. | | 2007 | 17880089 |
| nodulation of cyclopia spp. (leguminosae, papilionoideae) by burkholderia tuberum. | species of the genus burkholderia, from the betaproteobacteria, have been isolated from legume nodules, but so far they have only been shown to form symbioses with species of mimosa, sub-family mimosoideae. this work investigates whether burkholderia tuberum strains stm678 (isolated from aspalathus carnosa) and dus833 (from aspalathus callosa) can nodulate species of the south african endemic papilionoid genera cyclopia (tribe podalyrieae) and aspalathus (crotalarieae) as well as the promiscuous ... | 2007 | 17881339 |
| biochemical and structural characterization of the paralogous benzoate coa ligases from burkholderia xenovorans lb400: defining the entry point into the novel benzoate oxidation (box) pathway. | xenobiotic aromatic compounds represent one of the most significant classes of environmental pollutants. a novel benzoate oxidation (box) pathway has been identified recently in burkholderia xenovorans lb400 (referred to simply as lb400) that is capable of assimilating benzoate and intimately tied to the degradation of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs). the box pathway in lb400 is present in two paralogous copies (boxm and boxc) and encodes eight enzymes with the first committed step catalyzed by ... | 2007 | 17884091 |
| degradation of pcb congeners by bacterial strains. | biological in situ methods are options for the remediation of contaminated sites. an approach to quantify biodegradation by soil bacteria was developed, combining experiment with mathematical modelling. we performed in vitro assays to investigate the potential and kinetics of the wild-type degrader, burkholderia sp. strain lb400 (expressing bph) and the genetically modified pseudomonas fluorescens strains f113pcb and f113l::1180 (expressing bph under different promoters) to metabolise individual ... | 2007 | 17885752 |
| chryseobacterium respiratory tract infections in patients with cystic fibrosis. | to investigate the prevalence of infections by chryseobacterium in a cohort of cystic fibrosis (cf) patients, to assess the antimicrobial susceptibility of these strains, to examine their dna fingerprinting and to evaluate some clinical outcomes of patients infected by these bacteria. | 2007 | 17889369 |
| [the use of multilocus sequence typing (mlst) and randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) for the differentiation between strains of burkholderia mallei]. | burkholderia mallei is highly pathogenic microorganism for both humans and animals. in this work, the possibility of the use of the genotyping method for differentiation between strains of b. mallei was studied. a collection of 14 isolates of b. mallei was characterized using randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) and multilocus sequence typing (mlst). rapd was the best method used for detecting strain differences of b. mallei. it was suggested that this method would be an increasingly useful ... | 2007 | 17891848 |
| [the use of polymerase chain reaction for detection of the agents of glanders and melioidosis using experimental infection]. | glanders and melioidosis are severe infectious diseases of people and animals. the causative agents of these infections refer to the potential agents of bioterrorism of group b. in this work the possibility of use of flagellin-based primers for the identification of b. mallei and b. pseudomallei and for diagnosis of experimental glanders and melioidosis was studied. the obtained results permit to make a conclusion that pcr using the developed primers may be recommended for the incorporation in t ... | 2007 | 17891849 |
| estimating in vivo airway surface liquid concentration in trials of inhaled antibiotics. | antibiotic drugs exhibit concentration dependence in their efficacy. therefore, ensuring appropriate concentration of these drugs in the relevant body fluid is important for obtaining the desired therapeutic and physiological action. until recently there had been no suitable method available to measure or estimate concentration of drugs in the human airways resulting from inhaled aerosols or to determine the amount of inhaled antibiotics required to ensure minimum inhibitory concentration of a d ... | 2007 | 17894535 |
| isolation and some properties of newly isolated oxalate-degrading pandoraea sp. oxj-11 from soil. | to isolate and characterize an oxalate-degrading pandoraea sp. oxj-11. | 2007 | 17897211 |
| australian and thai isolates of burkholderia pseudomallei are distinct by multilocus sequence typing: revision of a case of mistaken identity. | a recent study using multilocus sequence typing (mlst) of burkholderia pseudomallei isolates found a sequence type (st60) to be common to both thailand and australia, contradicting earlier studies showing complete distinction between isolates from these regions. the st60 isolates reportedly from australia had been obtained for mlst from united kingdom and u.s. collections. we have located and characterized the original australian isolates; they were collected in 1983, and they are neither st60 n ... | 2007 | 17898162 |
| [optical resolution of 2-alkanol by lipase-catalyzed acetylation with vinyl acetate in packed-bed reactor with recycling system]. | the lipase-catalyzed acetylation of 2-alkanol with vinyl acetate was studied using burkholderia cepacia lipase (bcl), three alcohol and three organic solvents in a packed-bet reactor with a recycling system (flow method). the optical resolution data were found in agreement with those of the batch method in which bcl was suspended in the substrate solution. repeated reaction results clearly indicated bcl in the packed-bed to be quite stable and to be usable for at least 50 reaction runs or to rem ... | 2007 | 17898475 |
| kinetic studies on lipase-catalyzed acetylation of 2-alkanol with vinyl acetate in organic solvent. | lipase-catalyzed acetylation of 2-alkanol with vinyl acetate has been studied kinetically using burkholderia cepacia lipase (bcl), enantiomerically pure (r)- and (s)-2-alkanols and different organic solvents. the rate equation was derived by the steady state method for the simplified mechanism. the second order rate constants (k(r) and k(s)) for (r)- and (s)-2-alkanols were evaluated from the slopes of the double reciprocal plots, v(-1) vs. [2-alkanol](-1), where v is the initial rate of the rea ... | 2007 | 17898497 |
| melioidosis: an under-diagnosed entity in western coastal india: a clinico-microbiological analysis. | clinico-microbiological analysis of a series of 25 patients with culture proven melioidosis was done. all patients came from the coastal regions of kerala and karnataka and presented between june 2005 to july 2006. they were analysed with respect to clinical presentation, occupation, epidemiology and microbiological features. no single presenting clinical feature was found to be typical of melioidosis. the disease was found to mimic a variety of conditions, including tuberculosis and malignancy. ... | 2007 | 17901643 |
| sputum antibiotic concentrations: implications for treatment of cystic fibrosis lung infection. | the success of antibiotic therapy may be predicted based on the achievement of pharmacodynamic indices (pdis), which are determined by the susceptibility of the infecting bacteria and the concentrations of antibiotics achieved at the site of infection. the aim of this study was to determine whether pdis associated with clinical effectiveness for ceftazidime and tobramycin were achieved at the site of infection in the lungs of cystic fibrosis (cf) patients following intravenous administration dur ... | 2007 | 17902147 |
| diversity of cultivated endophytic bacteria from sugarcane: genetic and biochemical characterization of burkholderia cepacia complex isolates. | bacteria were isolated from the rhizosphere and from inside the roots and stems of sugarcane plants grown in the field in brazil. endophytic bacteria were found in both the roots and the stems of sugarcane plants, with a significantly higher density in the roots. many of the cultivated endophytic bacteria were shown to produce the plant growth hormone indoleacetic acid, and this trait was more frequently found among bacteria from the stem. 16s rrna gene sequence analysis revealed that the select ... | 2007 | 17905875 |
| detection of the host immune response to burkholderia mallei heat-shock proteins groel and dnak in a glanders patient and infected mice. | we examined, by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blot analysis, the host immune response to 2 heat-shock proteins (hsps) in a patient and mice previously infected with burkholderia mallei. the patient was the first reported human glanders case in 50 years in the united states. the expression of the groel and dnak operons appeared to be dependent upon a sigma(32) rna polymerase as suggested by conserved heat-shock promoter sequences, and the groesl operon may be negatively regulated ... | 2007 | 17908615 |
| the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway is coupled to toll-like receptor 5 to mediate gene regulation in response to pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in human airway epithelial cells. | in this study, we show that stimulation of human airway epithelial cells (haecs) by pseudomonas aeruginosa strain pao1 induces time- and dose-dependent activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk). activated p38 mapk stayed in the cytoplasm instead of translocating to the nucleus, as shown by cellular fractionation. p38 mapk was activated when haecs were incubated with p. aeruginosa strain pak and burkholderia cepacia, while little activation was observed with the isogenic flagellin ... | 2007 | 17908812 |
| environmental persistence of pseudomonas aeruginosa and burkholderia multivorans in sea water: preliminary evidence of a viable but non-culturable state. | | 2007 | 17910284 |
| burkholderia bryophila sp. nov. and burkholderia megapolitana sp. nov., moss-associated species with antifungal and plant-growth-promoting properties. | a polyphasic taxonomic study including dna-dna reassociation experiments and an extensive biochemical characterization was performed on 14 burkholderia isolates from moss gametophytes of nutrient-poor plant communities on the southern baltic sea coast in northern germany. the strains were classified within two novel species, for which the names burkholderia bryophila sp. nov. and burkholderia megapolitana sp. nov. are proposed. the former species also includes isolates from grassland and agricul ... | 2007 | 17911288 |
| burkholderia cepacia complex infection in a case of sinonasal polyposis recurrence without cystic fibrosis. | burkholderia cepacia complex (bcc) has been rarely isolated in infections of the ear, nose and throat region in immunocompetent patients without cystic fibrosis. there is only one previous study in literature that reported bcc isolation in immunocompetent patients with sinonasal polyposis. we describe herein a rare case of multiresistant sinonasal infection by bcc in an immunocompetent patient with recurrent sinonasal polyposis. bcc seems to be a potentially emerging bacterial pathogen of sinona ... | 2008 | 17913420 |
| burkholderia pseudomallei - a rare cause for septic arthritis. | | 2007 | 17913555 |
| burkholderia pseudomallei endophthalmitis. | melioidosis is an infectious disease caused by burkholderia pseudomallei, a gram-negative bacillus. we report a case of endogenous endophthalmitis caused by b. pseudomallei that was treated with systemic and intravitreal ceftazidime. finally, the patient achieved a final visual acuity of 20/60 without complication. | 2007 | 17913931 |
| accuracy of commercial systems for identification of burkholderia pseudomallei versus burkholderia cepacia. | infection caused by burkholderia pseudomallei or burkholderia cepacia may result in fatal outcome unless the causative agent is accurately identified in a short period, which is critical for treatment. we evaluated the reliability of the commonly used commercial systems, api 20ne, vitek 2, and walkaway 96, for comparative identification of b. pseudomallei versus b. cepacia clinical isolates. based on biochemical and molecular tests as reference methods, api 20ne was probably the most reliable, w ... | 2007 | 17916419 |
| microbial degradation of chlorinated benzenes. | chlorinated benzenes are important industrial intermediates and solvents. their widespread use has resulted in broad distribution of these compounds in the environment. chlorobenzenes (cbs) are subject to both aerobic and anaerobic metabolism. under aerobic conditions, cbs with four or less chlorine groups are susceptible to oxidation by aerobic bacteria, including bacteria (burkholderia, pseudomonas, etc.) that grow on such compounds as the sole source of carbon and energy. sound evidence for t ... | 2008 | 17917704 |
| a dual biosensor for 2-alkyl-4-quinolone quorum-sensing signal molecules. | pseudomonas, burkholderia and alteromonas species produce diverse 2-alkyl-4-quinolones (ahqs) which inhibit the growth of bacteria, algae and phytoplankton, chelate iron, modulate mammalian host immune defences and act as quorum-sensing (qs) signal molecules. to facilitate the detection, identification and quantification of the major pseudomonas aeruginosa ahqs 2-heptyl-3-hydroxy-4-quinolone (pqs) and 2-heptyl-4-quinolone (hhq) we developed two different ahq biosensors. these were constructed by ... | 2007 | 17922753 |
| investigations of the structure and function of bacterial communities associated with sphagnum mosses. | high acidity, low temperature and extremely low concentration of nutrients form sphagnum bogs into extreme habitats for organisms. little is known about the bacteria associated with living sphagnum plantlets, especially about their function for the host. therefore, we analysed the endo- and ectophytic bacterial populations associated with two widely distributed sphagnum species, sphagnum magellanicum and sphagnum fallax, by a multiphasic approach. the screening of 1222 isolates for antagonistic ... | 2007 | 17922763 |
| multistate outbreak of burkholderia cenocepacia colonization and infection associated with the use of intrinsically contaminated alcohol-free mouthwash. | no guidelines exist for the type of mouthwash that should be used in patients at increased risk for pneumonia. in 2005, we investigated a multistate outbreak of burkholderia cenocepacia associated with an intrinsically contaminated alcohol-free mouthwash (afm). | 2007 | 17925414 |
| outbreak of burkholderia cepacia bloodstream infection at an outpatient hematology and oncology practice. | we investigated an outbreak of infection in 10 patients with blood cultures positive for b. cepacia. all patients had indwelling intravenous catheters. though we did not identify the source of the organism, our findings support the hypothesis that cross-contamination of multidose medications through the use of the same needle and syringe was a contributing factor. | 2007 | 17926285 |
| versatility of the electronic structure of compound i in catalase-peroxidases. | catalase-peroxidases (katgs) are bifunctional heme proteins, belonging to the family of class i peroxidases, that are able to catalyze both catalatic and peroxidatic reactions within a peroxidase-like structure. we investigated the electronic structure of reaction intermediates of the catalytic cycle of katgs by means of density functional theory (dft) qm/mm calculations. the outcome was that the ionization state of the katg-specific covalent adduct (met264-tyr238-trp111) affects the radical cha ... | 2007 | 17927173 |
| communication systems in the genus burkholderia: global regulators and targets for novel antipathogenic drugs. | the genus burkholderia not only contains the primary pathogens burkholderia pseudomallei and burkholderia mallei but also several species that have emerged as opportunistic pathogens in persons suffering from cystic fibrosis or chronic granulomatous disease and immunocompromised individuals. burkholderia species utilize quorum-sensing (qs) systems that rely on n-acyl-homoserine lactone (ahl) signal molecules to express virulence factors and other functions in a population-density-dependent manne ... | 2007 | 17927476 |
| biodegradation of pcbs in two-phase partitioning bioreactors following solid extraction from soil. | this article demonstrates the feasibility of a novel process concept for the remediation of pcb contaminated soil. the proposed process consists of pcb extraction from soil using solid polymer beads, followed by biodegradation of the extracted pcbs in a solid-liquid two-phase partitioning bioreactor (tppb), where pcbs are delivered from the polymer beads to the degrading organisms. the commercially available thermoplastic polymer hytrel was used to extract aroclor 1242 from contaminated artifici ... | 2008 | 17929320 |
| melioidosis: a review of orthopedic manifestations, clinical features, diagnosis and management. | melioidosis is an infectious disease caused by gram-negative soil-dwelling bacillus burkholderia pseudomallei. musculoskeletal melioidosis mimics other infections both clinically and radiologically. an extensive literature review has been performed over musculoskeletal melioidosis through various search engines such as pubmed, embase, medscape, altavista and google. diagnosis requires a high index of clinical suspicion and is dependent on microbiological confirmation. prompt treatment with long- ... | 2007 | 17932451 |
| burkholderia cenocepacia c5424 produces a pigment with antioxidant properties using a homogentisate intermediate. | burkholderia cenocepacia is a gram-negative opportunistic pathogen that belongs to the burkholderia cepacia complex. b. cenocepacia can survive intracellularly within phagocytic cells, and some epidemic strains produce a brown melanin-like pigment that can scavenge free radicals, resulting in the attenuation of the host cell oxidative burst. in this work, we demonstrate that the brown pigment produced by b. cenocepacia c5424 is synthesized from a homogentisate (hga) precursor. the disruption of ... | 2007 | 17933889 |
| a horizontal gene transfer event defines two distinct groups within burkholderia pseudomallei that have dissimilar geographic distributions. | burkholderia pseudomallei is the etiologic agent of melioidosis. many disease manifestations are associated with melioidosis, and the mechanisms causing this variation are unknown; genomic differences among strains offer one explanation. we compared the genome sequences of two strains of b. pseudomallei: the original reference strain k96243 from thailand and strain mshr305 from australia. we identified a variable homologous region between the two strains. this region was previously identified in ... | 2007 | 17933898 |
| analysis of peptide mimotopes of burkholderia pseudomallei exopolysaccharide. | previously two capsule-specific monoclonal antibodies (4va5 and 3vie5) were identified as protective against burkholderia pseudomallei in passive transfer experiments. panning these antibodies against evolutionary phage libraries identified reactive peptides capable of inhibiting its parent monoclonal from binding to b. pseudomallei. mice immunized with peptide conjugated to thyroglobulin developed serum antibodies capable of recognizing the immunizing peptide of which a subset recognized exopol ... | 2007 | 17935838 |
| enzymatic acylation of flavonoids: effect of the nature of the substrate, origin of lipase, and operating conditions on conversion yield and regioselectivity. | the conversion yield at equilibrium, the initial rate, and the regioselectivity of the enzymatic acetylation of aglycone flavonoids (quercetin, naringenin, hesperetin, and chrysin) were investigated and compared to those obtained with a glycosylated one (isoquercitrin). the effects of a wide range of operating conditions were quantified. fourier transform infrared spectrometry (ft-ir), nmr, and high performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (hplc-esi-ms) analyse ... | 2007 | 17937478 |
| identification of putative noncoding rna genes in the burkholderia cenocepacia j2315 genome. | noncoding rna (ncrna) genes are not involved in the production of mrna and proteins, but produce transcripts that function directly as structural or regulatory rnas. in the present study, the presence of ncrna genes in the genome of burkholderia cenocepacia j2315 was evaluated by combining comparative genomics (alignment-based) and predicted secondary structure approaches. two hundred and thirteen putative ncrna genes were identified in the b. cenocepacia j2315 genome and upregulated expression ... | 2007 | 17937666 |
| horizontal transfer of genetic determinants for degradation of phenol between the bacteria living in plant and its rhizosphere. | phenol and other monocyclic aromatic compounds (macs) are highly water-soluble and volatile pollutants that plants are unable to completely degrade. endophytic bacteria with mac-degrading ability will facilitate phytoremediation, beneficial to plant survival in contaminated soil. endophytic bacteria, strains fx1-fx3, and rhizosphere bacteria, strains fx0, fx4, and fx5, were isolated from the root tissue of a corn plant (zea mays) and the corn rhizosphere near a chemical plant, respectively. the ... | 2007 | 17938913 |
| 8-hydroxyquinolinyl azo dyes: a class of surface-enhanced resonance raman scattering-based probes for ultrasensitive monitoring of enzymatic activity. | a series of surface-enhanced resonance raman scattering (serrs) based probes for the detection of lipase activity are reported. a number of novel serrs-active 8-hydroxylquinolinyl azo dyes have been prepared and via synthetic esterification or subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis at the 8-hydroxyl position the serrs signal can be "switched" on or off. in the first instance, the technique has been demonstrated for the successful detection of lipase from pseudomonas cepacia, and these new compounds off ... | 2007 | 17939745 |
| cystic fibrosis patient with burkholderia pseudomallei infection acquired in brazil. | burkholderia pseudomallei is rarely isolated from cystic fibrosis patients outside known areas of endemicity. we report the recovery of b. pseudomallei from the sputum of a cystic fibrosis patient who lives in brazil. we highlight the importance of careful attention to unusual nonfermentative gram-negative rods in cystic fibrosis patients. | 2007 | 17942657 |
| activation of coagulation with concurrent impairment of anticoagulant mechanisms correlates with a poor outcome in severe melioidosis. | melioidosis, which is caused by infection with the gram-negative bacterium burkholderia pseudomallei, is an important cause of sepsis in south-east asia with a mortality of up to 40%. knowledge of the involvement of coagulation and fibrinolysis in the pathogenesis of melioidosis is highly limited. | 2008 | 17944999 |
| survival of burkholderia pseudomallei on environmental surfaces. | the survival of the biothreat agent burkholderia pseudomallei on the surfaces of four materials was measured by culture and esterase activity analyses. the culture results demonstrated that this organism persisted for <24 h to <7 days depending on the material, bacterial isolate, and suspension medium. the persistence determined by analysis of esterase activity, as measured with a scanrdi solid-phase cytometer, was always longer than the persistence determined by culture analysis. | 2007 | 17951437 |
| osteomyelitis of parietal bone in melioidosis. | | 2007 | 17953108 |
| a novel recombinant ethyl ferulate esterase from burkholderia multivorans. | isolation and identification of bacterial isolates with specific ferulic acid (fa) esterase activity and cloning of a gene encoding activity. | 2007 | 17953572 |
| antifungal activity of a novel compound from burkholderia cepacia against plant pathogenic fungi. | to investigate antifungal activity of a novel compound (named as cf66i provisionally) against plant pathogenic fungi, mainly including fusarium sp., colletotrichum lindemuthianum, rhizoctonia solani, etc. | 2007 | 17958556 |
| differences in the rhizosphere bacterial community of a transplastomic tobacco plant compared to its non-engineered counterpart. | cultivation-independent analyses were carried out to compare the bacterial community structure found in the rhizospheres of a transplastomic tobacco plant carrying the antibiotic resistance marker-gene aada and its non-engineered parental line. pcr- and reverse transcriptase pcr-amplifications of 16s rrna and their corresponding genes were carried out with primers targeting the domain bacteria. the diversity of pcr-products amplified from total nucleic acids extracted from rhizospheres of 10-wee ... | 2007 | 17961485 |
| pediatric mortality due to nosocomial infection: a critical approach. | nosocomial infection is a frequent event with potentially lethal consequences. we reviewed the literature on the predictive factors for mortality related to nosocomial infection in pediatric medicine. electronic searches in english, spanish and portuguese of the pubmed/medline, lilacs and cochrane collaboration databases was performed, focusing on studies that had been published from 1996 to 2006. the key words were: nosocomial infection and mortality and pediatrics/neonate/ newborn/child/infant ... | 2007 | 17962879 |
| burkholderia cepacia as a cause of ecthyma gangrenosum-like lesion. | ecthyma gangrenosum (eg) is considered to be a pathognomonic sign of pseudomonas aeruginosa septicemia and is predominantly seen in immunosuppressed patients. although p. aeruginosa is the most recognized pathogen of eg, numerous other organisms have been reported to cause clinically identical lesions. we report a case of an eg-like eruption caused by burkholderia cepacia, in an intensive care unit patient with multiple myeloma. | 2008 | 17962903 |
| spectra of central nervous system melioidosis. | burkholderia pseudomallei infection of the central nervous system (cns) is rare with less than 50 cases reported over the last 30 years. the retrospective melioidosis study at university malaya medical centre has documented three cases of cns melioidosis out of more than 160 cases of melioidosis since 1978. there were two patients with brain abscess and one with spinal epidural abscess. the predisposing factors were: one patient was an aboriginal farmer and the other two were diabetic. their age ... | 2007 | 17964168 |
| purification and molecular cloning of an intracellular 3-hydroxybutyrate-oligomer hydrolase from paucimonas lemoignei. | an intracellular 3-hydroxybutyrate-oligomer hydrolase was purified from a poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)-degrading bacterium, paucimonas lemoignei. it hydrolyzed the 3-hydroxybutyrate dimer with the highest specific activity of any of the enzymes reported so far. the gene was cloned and sequenced. the deduced amino acid sequence showed that the enzyme is a homolog of the phazc of ralstonia eutropha h16. | 2007 | 17964488 |
| lymphocytic pleural effusion in acute melioidosis. | an endemic outbreak of melioidosis developed in southern taiwan following a flood caused by a typhoon in july 2005. a total of 27 patients were diagnosed with the acute and indigenous form of pulmonary melioidosis. parapneumonic pleural effusions were noted on chest x-rays in six patients. thoracentesis was done in three patients and all revealed lymphocyte predominance in differential cell count. burkholderia pseudomallei was isolated in the pleural effusion in one of them. all three patients s ... | 2007 | 17964969 |
| a lysr-type transcriptional regulator in burkholderia cenocepacia influences colony morphology and virulence. | burkholderia cenocepacia strain k56-2 typically has rough colony morphology on agar medium; however, shiny colony variants (shv) can appear spontaneously. these shv all had a minimum of 50% reduction in biomass formation and were generally avirulent in an alfalfa seedling infection model. three shv-k56-2 s15, k56-2 s76, and k56-2 s86-were analyzed for virulence in a chronic agar bead model of respiratory infection and, although all shv were able to establish chronic infection, they produced sign ... | 2008 | 17967860 |
| inos activity is critical for the clearance of burkholderia mallei from infected raw 264.7 murine macrophages. | burkholderia mallei is a facultative intracellular pathogen that can cause fatal disease in animals and humans. to better understand the role of phagocytic cells in the control of infections caused by this organism, studies were initiated to examine the interactions of b. mallei with raw 264.7 murine macrophages. utilizing modified kanamycin-protection assays, b. mallei was shown to survive and replicate in raw 264.7 cells infected at multiplicities of infection (moi) of < or = 1. in contrast, t ... | 2008 | 17970762 |
| pacemaker infection secondary to burkholderia pseudomallei. | infection is a relatively rare but devastating complication of intracardiac device implantation. burkholderia pseudomallei is the organism which causes melioidosis, an endemic and lethal infection in the tropics. we describe a case of pacemaker infection secondary to burkholderia pseudomallei, which was treated by explantation of the device and appropriate antimicrobial therapy. | 2007 | 17976112 |
| d-serine dehydratase from chicken kidney: a vertebral homologue of the cryptic enzyme from burkholderia cepacia. | d-serine dehydratase (dsd) catalyses the conversion of d-serine to pyruvate and ammonia. d-serine is a physiological modulator of glutamate neurotransmission in vertebrate brains. in mammals d-serine is degraded by d-amino-acid oxidase, whereas in chicken brain it is degraded by dsd, as we have recently demonstrated [tanaka et al. (2007) anal. biochem. 362, 83-88]. to clarify the roles of dsd in avian species, we purified dsd from chicken kidney. the purified enzyme was a heterodimer consisting ... | 2008 | 17977854 |
| burkholderia rhizoxinica sp. nov. and burkholderia endofungorum sp. nov., bacterial endosymbionts of the plant-pathogenic fungus rhizopus microsporus. | several strains of the fungus rhizopus microsporus harbour endosymbiotic bacteria for the production of the causal agent of rice seedling blight, rhizoxin, and the toxic cyclopeptide rhizonin. r. microsporus and isolated endobacteria were selected for freeze-fracture electron microscopy, which allowed visualization of bacterial cells within the fungal cytosol by their two parallel-running envelope membranes and by the fine structure of the lipopolysaccharide layer of the outer membrane. two repr ... | 2007 | 17978222 |
| characterization of an extracellular lipase in burkholderia sp. hy-10 isolated from a longicorn beetle. | burkholderia sp. hy-10 isolated from the digestive tracts of the longicorn beetle, prionus insularis, produced an extracellular lipase with a molecular weight of 33.5 kda estimated by sds-page. the lipase was purified from the culture supernatant to near electrophoretic homogenity by a one-step adsorption-desorption procedure using a polypropylene matrix followed by a concentration step. the purified lipase exhibited highest activities at ph 8.5 and 60 degrees . a broad range of lipase substrate ... | 2007 | 17978800 |
| treatment of hydrocarbon-rich wastewater using oil degrading bacteria and phototrophic microorganisms in rotating biological contactor: effect of n:p ratio. | treatment of hydrocarbon-rich industrial wastewater in bioreactors using heterotrophic microorganisms is often associated with various operational problems. in this study, a consortium of phototrophic microorganisms and a bacterium is developed on the discs of a rotating biological contactor (rbc) for treatment of wastewater containing diesel oil. the reactor was fed with oil degrading bacterium, burkholderia cepacia and oil tolerant phototrophic microorganisms. after biofilm formation and accli ... | 2008 | 17983704 |
| quantitation of b. pseudomallei in clinical samples. | we undertook a prospective study to quantitate burkholderia pseudomallei in blood, urine, respiratory secretions, and pus [corrected] obtained from 414 patients with melioidosis. the median was count 1.1, 1.5 x 10(4), 1.1 x 10(5), and 1.1 x 10(7) cfu/ml in these sample types, respectively. this provides important insights into the likely feasibility of future studies such as expression microarray analysis using clinical material. | 2007 | 17984331 |
| prospective clinical evaluation of the accuracy of 16s rrna real-time pcr assay for the diagnosis of melioidosis. | the accuracy of a burkholderia pseudomallei 16s rrna real-time pcr assay was evaluated against culture for the diagnosis of melioidosis in thailand. a total of 846 samples were obtained from 383 patients with suspected melioidosis. one or more specimens were pcr positive for 47 of 77 patients with culture-proven melioidosis (sensitivity 61.0%, 95% ci: 49.2-72.0%). pcr was negative for all 306 patients who were culture negative for b. pseudomallei (specificity 100%, 95% ci: 98.8-100%). diagnostic ... | 2007 | 17984332 |
| virulence of clinical and environmental isolates of burkholderia oklahomensis and burkholderia thailandensis in hamsters and mice. | burkholderia pseudomallei is the etiologic agent of the tropical disease melioidosis and is considered to be a potential biological weapon. two b. pseudomallei-like species, burkholderia oklahomensis and burkholderia thailandensis, have been described in the literature. infections with both of these microorganisms have occurred in the united states, but little is known about the relative virulence of these isolates in animal models of infection. in this study, b. oklahomensis and b. thailandensi ... | 2007 | 17986086 |
| [mission oriented diagnostic real-time pcr]. | in out of area military missions soldiers are potentially exposed to bacteria that are endemic in tropical areas and can be used as biological agents. it can be difficult to culture these bacteria due to sample contamination, low number of bacteria or pretreatment with antibiotics. commercial biochemical identification systems are not optimized for these agents which can result in misidentification. immunological assays are often not commercially available or not specific. real-time pcr assays a ... | 2007 | 17987355 |
| evaluating burkholderia pseudomallei bip proteins as vaccines and bip antibodies as detection agents. | burkholderia pseudomallei is a biothreat agent and an important natural pathogen, causing melioidosis in humans and animals. a type iii secretion system (ttss-3) has been shown to be critical for virulence. because ttss components from other pathogens have been used successfully as diagnostic agents and as experimental vaccines, it was investigated whether this was the case for bipb, bipc and bipd, components of b. pseudomallei's ttss-3. the sequences of bipb, bipc and bipd were found to be high ... | 2008 | 17995960 |
| genetic diversity of burkholderia pseudomallei isolates in australia. | melioidosis is caused by the gram-negative saprophytic bacterium burkholderia pseudomallei, which is endemic to southeast asia and northern australia. we have previously found evidence of geographic localization of strains based on multilocus sequence typing (mlst). in this study, we examined the diversity of 277 isolates from northern australia, which were resolved into 159 different sequence types. no sequence types were common to both queensland and the northern territory, and there was signi ... | 2008 | 18003806 |
| expression profile and function of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 during melioidosis. | triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (trem-1) amplifies toll-like receptor-initiated responses against pathogens. we aimed to characterize trem-1 expression and function during sepsis caused by burkholderia pseudomallei (melioidosis). | 2007 | 18008257 |
| en route to a carbohydrate-based vaccine against burkholderia cepacia. | we report a very high yielding first total synthesis of trisaccharide 5, alpha-d-rhap-(1 --> 3)-alpha-d-rhap-(1 --> 4)-alpha-d-galp, corresponding to the repeating unit 1 of an o-polysaccharide present in the lipopolysaccharide of clinical isolate of burkholderia cepacia. the approach included two successive glycosylations, based on d-rhamnosyl trichloroacetimidate donors 12 and 14. the oligosaccharide 5 has been further functionalized by photochemical coupling or cross-metathesis with non-natur ... | 2007 | 18019546 |
| involvement of b. pseudomallei rpos in apoptotic cell death in mouse macrophages. | burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, is a facultative intracellular gram-negative bacillus which can survive and multiply in both phagocytic and nonphagocytic cells. this bacterium could also induce apoptosis in various cell types. in the present study, we extend our finding to demonstrate the role of rpos of b. pseudomallei in apoptosis induction. unlike the wild-type strain, the b. pseudomallei rpos mutant strain failed to induce cytotoxicity in mouse macrophages (raw ... | 2008 | 18022342 |
| pacemaker generator pocket infection due to burkholderia cepacia. | | 2007 | 18023925 |
| macromolecular properties of cepacian in water and in dimethylsulfoxide. | cepacian is the exopolysaccharide produced by the majority of the so far investigated clinical strains of the burkholderia cepacia complex. this is a group of nine closely related bacterial species that might cause serious lung infections in cystic fibrosis patients, in some cases leading to death. in this paper the aggregation ability and the conformational properties of cepacian chain were investigated to understand its role in biofilm formation. viscosity and atomic force microscopy studies i ... | 2008 | 18028888 |
| glanders: off to the races with burkholderia mallei. | burkholderia mallei, the etiologic agent of the disease known as glanders, is primarily a disease affecting horses and is transmitted to humans by direct contact with infected animals. the use of b. mallei as a biological weapon has been reported and currently, there is no vaccine available for either humans or animals. despite the history and highly infective nature of b. mallei, as well as its potential use as a bio-weapon, b. mallei research to understand the pathogenesis and the host respons ... | 2007 | 18031330 |
| elucidating global epidemiology of burkholderia multivorans in cases of cystic fibrosis by multilocus sequence typing. | burkholderia multivorans is a prominent b. cepacia complex (bcc) species causing infection in people with cystic fibrosis. despite infection control measures being introduced to reduce the spread of bcc there is a continued emergence of infections by b. multivorans. our objective was to analyze a global collection of b. multivorans isolates, comparing those from environmental and clinical sources with those from reported outbreaks. multilocus sequence typing (mlst) was performed on 107 b. multiv ... | 2008 | 18032622 |
| lung transplantation and survival in children with cystic fibrosis. | the effects of lung transplantation on the survival and quality of life in children with cystic fibrosis are uncertain. | 2007 | 18032764 |
| microbial transformation and degradation of polychlorinated biphenyls. | this paper reviews the potential of microorganisms to transform polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs). in anaerobic environments, higher chlorinated biphenyls can undergo reductive dehalogenation. meta- and para-chlorines in pcb congeners are more susceptible to dechlorination than ortho-chlorines. anaerobes catalyzing pcb dechlorination have not been isolated in pure culture but there is strong evidence from enrichment cultures that some dehalococcoides spp. and other microorganisms within the chlor ... | 2008 | 18035460 |
| effects of bacteria on enhanced metal uptake of the cd/zn-hyperaccumulating plant, sedum alfredii. | to investigate the effects of bacteria (burkholderia cepacia) on metal uptake by the hyperaccumulating plant, sedum alfredii, a hydroponic experiment with different concentrations of cd and zn was conducted. it was found that inoculation of bacteria on s. alfredii significantly enhanced plant growth (up to 110% with zn treatment), p (up to 56.1% with cd treatment), and metal uptake (up to 243% and 96.3% with cd and zn treatment, respectively) in shoots, tolerance index (up to 134% with zn added ... | 2007 | 18039737 |
| loop-mediated isothermal amplification method targeting the tts1 gene cluster for detection of burkholderia pseudomallei and diagnosis of melioidosis. | melioidosis is a severe infection caused by burkholderia pseudomallei. the timely implementation of effective antimicrobial treatment requires rapid diagnosis. loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) targeting the tts1 gene cluster was developed for the detection of b. pseudomallei. lamp was sensitive and specific for the laboratory detection of this organism. the lower limit of detection was 38 genomic copies per reaction, and lamp was positive for 10 clinical b. pseudomallei isolates but ... | 2008 | 18039797 |
| high specificity but contrasting biodiversity of sphagnum-associated bacterial and plant communities in bog ecosystems independent of the geographical region. | mosses represent ecological niches that harbor a hitherto largely uncharacterized microbial diversity. to investigate which factors affect the biodiversity of bryophyte-associated bacteria, we analyzed the bacterial communities associated with two moss species, which exhibit different ecological behaviors and importance in bog ecosystems, sphagnum magellanicum and sphagnum fallax, from six temperate and boreal bogs in germany and norway. furthermore, their surrounding plant communities were stud ... | 2007 | 18043652 |
| microbial diversity in pharmaceutical product recalls and environments. | identification of microbial contaminants in product recalls and environmental samples provides important information on the possible contamination sources and distribution of microbial species in pharmaceutical environments. analysis of fda product recall data for 134 non-sterile pharmaceutical products from 1998 to september 2006 demonstrated that 48% of recalls were due to contamination by either burkholderia cepacia, pseudomonas spp., or ralstonia picketti, while yeast and mold contamination ... | 2007 | 18047177 |
| a novel dsf-like signal from burkholderia cenocepacia interferes with candida albicans morphological transition. | in addition to producing lethal antibiotics, microorganisms may also use a new form of antagonistic mechanism in which signal molecules are exported to influence the gene expression and hence the ecological competence of their competitors. we report here the isolation and characterization of a novel signaling molecule, cis-2-dodecenoic acid (bdsf), from burkholderia cenocepacia. bdsf is structurally similar to the diffusible signal factor (dsf) that is produced by the rpff enzyme of xanthomonas ... | 2008 | 18049456 |
| proteomic analysis of the proteins regulated by hrpb from the plant pathogenic bacterium burkholderia glumae. | plant pathogenic bacteria transfer effector proteins into plant cells via the hypersensitive response and pathogenicity (hrp) type iii protein secretion system (t3ss) during infection. the genes encoding the hrp t3ss are expressed only under plant apoplast-mimicking conditions in an arac-type transcriptional activator hrpb-dependent manner. to identify the proteins controlled by hrpb in burkholderia glumae in vitro, we constitutively expressed hrpb and analyzed the proteins showing altered expre ... | 2008 | 18050277 |
| interactions with microbial pathogens. | a wide variety of bacterial pathogens, as well as several fungi, kill c. elegans or produce non-lethal disease symptoms. this allows the nematode to be used as a simple, tractable model host for infectious disease. human pathogens that affect c. elegans include gram-negative bacteria of genera burkholderia, pseudomonas, salmonella, serratia and yersinia; gram-positive bacteria enterococcus, staphylococcus and streptococcus; and the fungus cryptococcus neoformans. microbes that are not pathogenic ... | 2005 | 18050390 |
| effectiveness of various pseudomonas spp. and burkholderia caryophylli containing acc-deaminase for improving growth and yield of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | this study assessed the possible role of different traits in selected plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (pgpr) for improving wheat growth and yield under natural conditions. rhizobacteria exhibiting 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (acc)-deaminase activity were isolated and screened for their growth-promoting activity in wheat under axenic conditions. five isolates belonging to pseudomonas and one burkholderia caryophylli isolate that showed promising performances under axenic conditions wer ... | 2007 | 18051598 |
| purification and properties of the alkaline lipase from burkholderia cepacia a.t.c.c. 25609. | a burkholderia cepacia (bacteria) strain, a.t.c.c. 25609, which had been isolated from the bronchial washings of a cystic fibrosis patient, was used to produce lipase. the presence of sodium alginate at an optimal concentration of 8 mg.ml(-1) in the growth medium nearly doubled the production of extracellular lipase activity. the enzyme could be purified with 38-fold purification and 96% activity recovery using a two-step purification protocol. the molecular mass of the purified lipase determine ... | 2008 | 18052929 |
| the guanine-nucleotide-exchange factor bope from burkholderia pseudomallei adopts a compact version of the salmonella sope/sope2 fold and undergoes a closed-to-open conformational change upon interaction with cdc42. | bope is a type iii secreted protein from burkholderia pseudomallei, the aetiological agent of melioidosis, a severe emerging infection. bope is a gef (guanine-nucleotide-exchange factor) for the rho gtpases cdc42 (cell division cycle 42) and rac1. we have determined the structure of bope catalytic domain (amino acids 78-261) by nmr spectroscopy and it shows that bope(78-261) comprises two three-helix bundles (alpha1alpha4alpha5 and alpha2alpha3alpha6). this fold is similar to that adopted by the ... | 2008 | 18052936 |
| development of a species-specific fur gene-based method for identification of the burkholderia cepacia complex. | burkholderia is an important bacterial genus with a complex taxonomy that contains species of both ecological and pathogenic importance, including nine closely related species collectively termed the burkholderia cepacia complex (bcc). unfortunately, 16s rrna gene analysis has proven to be not sensitive enough to discriminate between species of the bcc. alternative species identification strategies such as reca-based pcr followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, although ini ... | 2008 | 18057135 |
| burkholone, a new cytotoxic antibiotic against igf-i dependent cells from burkholderia sp. | in the course of our screening program for new inhibitors of igf-i signaling, we isolated a new cytotoxic antibiotic, burkholone, from the culture broth of burkholderia sp. qn15488. the structure of burkholone was determined to be (e)-3-methyl-2-(2-octenyl)-4-quinolone by a series of nmr analyses. burkholone induced cell death 32d/gr15 cells with an ic50 value of 160 nm in igf-i containing medium, while no cell death was observed in il-3 containing medium even at the concentration of 37 microm. | 2007 | 18057702 |
| melioidosis: an uncommon cause of neck abscess. | melioidosis is a life-threatening disease caused by b. pseudomallei. it is endemic in southeast asia with a few reports from the western world. it is transmitted via inhalation, ingestion or direct contact with an open wound. clinically it may present with local or systemic symptoms. mortality rate is very high in systemic disease; but local infection is usually mild, which causes delay in seeking medical attention. | 2008 | 18061838 |
| burkholderia diversity and versatility: an inventory of the extracellular products. | the burkholderia genus consists of over 40 gram-negative, beta-proteobacteria species that occupy remarkably diverse ecological niches. this genus contains species pathogenic to human, animals, and plants, as well as species involved in promoting plant growth and biodegradation of pollutants. this is largely explained by the extraordinary versatility of burkholderia, as reflected by the remarkable diversity of extracellular products released by these bacteria. we exhaustively surveyed the extrac ... | 2007 | 18062218 |
| plasmids of the prm/prf family occur in diverse rickettsia species. | the recent discoveries of the prf and prm plasmids of rickettsia felis and r. monacensis have contravened the long-held dogma that plasmids are not present in the bacterial genus rickettsia (rickettsiales; rickettsiaceae). we report the existence of plasmids in r. helvetica, r. peacockii, r. amblyommii, and r. massiliae isolates from ixodid ticks and in an r. hoogstraalii isolate from an argasid tick. r. peacockii and four isolates of r. amblyommii from widely separated geographic locations cont ... | 2008 | 18065613 |
| differential interaction of bacterial species from the burkholderia cepacia complex with human airway epithelial cells. | to increase knowledge of the pathogenic potential of the burkholderia cepacia complex (bcc), we investigated the effects of reference strains of the nine bcc species on human bronchial epithelial cells in vitro. b. multivorans exhibited the highest rates of adherence to and internalization by host cells. two out of three clinical isolates recovered from cystic fibrosis patients confirmed the b. multivorans high adhesiveness. all four b. multivorans isolates exhibited an aggregated pattern of adh ... | 2008 | 18068390 |
| biotransformation of (+)-catechin into taxifolin by a two-step oxidation: primary stage of (+)-catechin metabolism by a novel (+)-catechin-degrading bacteria, burkholderia sp. ktc-1, isolated from tropical peat. | peat contains various persistent compounds derived from plant materials. we isolated a novel (+)-catechin-degrading bacterium, burkholderia sp. ktc-1 (ktc-1), as an example of a bacterium capable of degrading persistent aromatic compounds present in tropical peat. this bacterium was isolated by an enrichment technique and grew on (+)-catechin as the sole carbon source under acidic conditions. the reaction of a crude enzyme extract and a structural study of its products showed that (+)-catechin i ... | 2008 | 18068670 |
| biodegradation of methyl tert-butyl ether by methylibium petroleiphilum pm1 in poor nutrition solution. | in this study, degradation of methyl tert-butyl ether (mtbe) by resting cells of methylibium petroleiphilum pm1 was performed in poor nutrition solution, major component of which was mtbe. it was found that the biomass was hard to increase in poor nutrition, and the mtbe degradation activity was enhanced by 4.65-fold when 1 mm of ba(2+) was added into deionized water. it was also found that the mtbe degradation could be significantly improved by the dissolved oxygen level. all of 50 mg l(-1) mtb ... | 2007 | 18074284 |
| endophytic colonization of vitis vinifera l. by burkholderia phytofirmans strain psjn: from the rhizosphere to inflorescence tissues. | the colonization pattern of vitis vinifera l. by burkholderia phytofirmans strain psjn was determined using grapevine fruiting cuttings with emphasis on putative inflorescence colonization under nonsterile conditions. two-week-old rooted plants harbouring flower bud initials, grown in nonsterile soil, were inoculated with psjn:gfp2x. plant colonization was subsequently monitored at various times after inoculation with plate counts and epifluorescence and/or confocal microscopy. strain psjn was c ... | 2008 | 18081592 |
| assimilation of homotaurine-nitrogen by burkholderia sp. and excretion of sulfopropanoate. | homotaurine (3-aminopropanesulfonate), free or derivatized, is in widespread pharmaceutical and laboratory use. studies with enrichment cultures indicated that the compound is degradable as a sole source of carbon or as a sole source of nitrogen for bacterial growth. a pure culture of burkholderia sp. was isolated which assimilated the amino group from homotaurine in a glucose-salts medium, and which released an organosulfonate, 3-sulfopropanoate, into the medium stoichiometrically. the deaminat ... | 2008 | 18081842 |