| studies of plasmodium falciparum dihydrofolate-reductase thymidylate synthase: potential advantages. | | 1989 | 2675115 |
| chloroquine and acid vesicle function. | these studies suggest that the site of chloroquine action against the malaria parasite is the acid intracellular vesicle system, and that the critical first step in chloroquine action is to raise parasite vesicle ph. measurements of acid vesicle buffering capacity and of 3h-chloroquine accumulation suggest that the parasite has a chloroquine-concentrating mechanism in its acid vesicles, although the molecule(s) responsible for this concentration has not been identified. chloroquine resistance in ... | 1989 | 2675117 |
| in vitro strategies for circumventing antimalarial drug resistance. | | 1989 | 2675118 |
| the parasite derived glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase of p. falciparum: what is its role? | | 1989 | 2675119 |
| activated oxygen mediates the antimalarial activity of qinghaosu. | | 1989 | 2675120 |
| selective activity of 5-fluoroorotic acid against plasmodium falciparum in vitro. | unlike mammalian cells, malarial parasites are completely dependent on de novo pyrimidine metabolism. even though these parasites do not use external uracil or uridine, orotic acid, an intermediate of pyrimidine biosynthesis, is successfully transported into the parasite and incorporated into parasite nucleic acids. on this basis, it was hypothesized that 5-fluoroorotate, a cytotoxic derivative of orotic acid, may be a potent and selective antimalarial agent. in vitro, 5-fluoroorotate caused 50% ... | 1989 | 2675756 |
| inhibition of malarial parasite invasion by monoclonal antibodies against glycophorin a correlates with reduction in red cell membrane deformability. | the effect of well-characterized monoclonal antibodies to red cell surface molecules on the invasion of human red cells by the malarial parasites plasmodium falciparum and plasmodium knowlesi was examined. antibodies to glycophorin a (gp alpha) inhibit invasion for both parasite species, and this is highly correlated with the degree to which they decrease red cell membrane deformability as measured by ektacytometry. this effect on rigidity and invasion was also seen with monovalent fab fragments ... | 1989 | 2676019 |
| mixed falciparum and vivax malaria in canadian travellers [correction]. | | 1989 | 2676124 |
| plasmodium falciparum: dna probe diagnosis of malaria in kenya. | we previously reported isolation of dna probe which specifically recognizes plasmodium falciparum and developed a simple method for its use. the sensitivity and specificity of this dna probe method have now been extensively field tested in comparison with those of conventional microscopic examination of blood films in two separate studies in malindi, kenya, involving a total of 1179 patients. in the second study, which used improved techniques, sensitivity of the dna probe was 89% when compared ... | 1989 | 2676577 |
| interaction of human natural killer cells with plasmodium-infected erythrocytes. | | 1989 | 2676579 |
| chloroquine resistant imported plasmodium falciparum in an industrial complex at hardwar (u.p.). | | 1989 | 2676617 |
| drug resistant p. falciparum in madras (tamil nadu) and district jabalpur (madhya pradesh). | who micro in vitro tests for chloroquine resistance in p. falciparum were carried out during november, 1987 in madras city, tamil nadu and in kundam phc of jabalpur district, madhya pradesh. out of 6 samples tested from madras city, 5 showed resistance to chloroquine. likewise, out of 14 samples tested in jabalpur, 12 (85.7%) showed resistance to chloroquine. all the 20 samples showed normal susceptibility to mefloquine. | 1989 | 2676619 |
| criteria for the in-vitro response of plasmodium falciparum to amodiaquine. | | 1989 | 2676942 |
| [difficulties in the prevention of malaria in spain: apropos of 3 cases]. | we report three cases of malaria by plasmodium falciparum in travelers to west africa, who had correctly followed, without interruption until the time of diagnosis, the prophylactic regimen that had been prescribed to them (chloroquine base 5 mg/week and pyrimethamine 50 mg/week). we point to the need to have, in spain, a pharmacopeia which adequately covers the needs of travelers to tropical countries according to experience and international regulations, and also to have adequate health inform ... | 1989 | 2677547 |
| [malaria in the djibouti republic. results of a serologic survey in ambouli]. | to investigate the importance of malaria as a public health problem in djibouti, we studied 144 febrile subjects living south of djibouti-city in the agricultural area of ambouli. all blood slides examined were negative for parasites. antibodies against the merozoite stage of plasmodium falciparum were investigated by an indirect immunofluorescence assay using serial serum dilutions. only 9 sera reacted negatively at the titer of 50 (the chosen cut-off for positivity). fourteen sera tested posit ... | 1989 | 2677592 |
| expression of the resa gene in plasmodium falciparum isolate fcr3 is prevented by a subtelomeric deletion. | we show here that the plasmodium falciparum isolate fcr3 does not express the ring-infected erythrocyte surface antigen (resa). this is because the 5' end of the resa gene has been inverted and partly deleted and a telomere has been added to it. we propose a model to explain these events. | 1989 | 2677678 |
| point mutations in the dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase gene as the molecular basis for pyrimethamine resistance in plasmodium falciparum. | the dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase (dhfr-ts) bifunctional complex from pyrimethamine-sensitive (3d7) and drug-resistant (hb3 and 7g8) clones from plasmodium falciparum was purified to homogeneity. a modified sequence of purification steps with a 10-formylfolate affinity column at its center, allows the isolation of the enzyme complex with a 10-fold higher yield than previously reported, irrespective of the pyrimethamine resistance of the parasites. titration of the homogenous dhfr- ... | 1989 | 2677719 |
| chloroquine resistant falciparum malaria in children. | from march 1981 until august 1985, 79 children suffering from falciparum malaria were treated with chloroquine upon admission to the department of child health, medical school sam ratulangi university/gunung wenang general hospital, manado. twenty-one out of 79 patients were within range of the criteria of resistance as established by who: standard field test or 7 days test. six (28.6%) out of 21 patients belonged to resistance ii (r ii) to chloroquine. the duration of fever in the 6 patients wi ... | 1989 | 2677920 |
| [molecular biology of surface antigens of malarial parasites]. | | 1989 | 2678272 |
| diversity of antigens expressed on the surface of erythrocytes infected with mature plasmodium falciparum parasites in papua new guinea. | antigens were detected on the surface of erythrocytes from children with acute falciparum malaria in madang, papua new guinea. these parasite-induced erythrocyte surface antigens (piesa) were serotyped with convalescent sera from children and hyperimmune sera from adults in parasite infected cell agglutination assays (picas) and by inhibition of binding of infected cells to melanoma cells. extensive serological diversity of piesa was demonstrated. a significant correlation between serotypes defi ... | 1989 | 2679156 |
| detection of plasmodium falciparum infection in human patients: a comparison of the dna probe method to microscopic diagnosis. | we have previously reported the isolation and testing of a dna probe specific for the detection of plasmodium falciparum. field studies to compare the sensitivity and specificity of the dna probe with that of light microscopy have been performed. in 2 studies in thailand, 1,397 patients were tested. microscope slides were prepared in a standard fashion and examined by clinical technicians and expert microscopists. the dna probe method compares favorably in sensitivity with routine microscopy, de ... | 1989 | 2679157 |
| an epidemiological study of humoral and cell-mediated immune response to the plasmodium falciparum antigen pf155/resa in adult liberians. | we investigated the seroreactivity and t cell reactivity against the plasmodium falciparum antigen pf155/resa, different oligopeptides from the 3' and 5' repeat regions of the pf155/resa antigen, and crude plasmodium falciparum antigens in 164 adult liberians. we compared 2 long-term residential groups with high and low exposure to malaria. the seropositive rate to the peptides was significantly higher with increased exposure. there was no significant difference in response rates to the pf155/re ... | 1989 | 2679167 |
| antibodies to plasmodium falciparum ring-infected erythrocyte surface antigen and p. falciparum and p. malariae circumsporozoite proteins: seasonal prevalence in kenyan villages. | two cross-sectional surveys of 954 persons in asembo bay and got nyabondo, western kenya, were performed in august-september 1986, after long rains, and in february-march 1987, after a comparatively dry season. serologic testing was performed using an elisa with synthetic peptides representing repeat amino acid sequences of the plasmodium falciparum ring-infected erythrocyte surface antigen (resa), (eenv)5, (eenvehda)4, and (ddehveeptva)2 and repeat sequences (pnan)5 and (naag)5 of the p. falcip ... | 1989 | 2679168 |
| long-term cultured human vascular endothelial cells (ec-fp5) bind plasmodium falciparum infected erythrocytes. | we have established an endothelial cell line, ec-fp5, that binds plasmodium falciparum infected erythrocytes after several passages in culture and multiple cryopreservations. binding by the ec-fp5 cells, measured as the percentage that bound infected erythrocytes and the average number of infected erythrocytes bound per endothelial cell, was similar in cells cryopreserved 1, 2, or 3 times. the parasite strain of the infected erythrocytes and culture conditions, including parasitemia and ph of th ... | 1989 | 2679169 |
| [development of chloroquine resistance in plasmodium falciparum in gabon between 1984 and 1987-88 (in vivo evaluation in a school environment)]. | unknown in 1980, suspected in 1983 and scarcely present in 1984-85, plasmodium falciparum resistance to chloroquine as studied in vivo in schoolchildren in gabon, has strongly developed in 4 years time. in 1987-88, administration of 25 mg/kg of chloroquine leaves one strain out of four with a parasitic load greater than 10/1.000 red blood cells examined by thick drop technique. the present, unfortunately provisional attitude tends to maintain chloroquine at efficient doses for as long as the res ... | 1989 | 2679451 |
| ultrastructural study on the interaction of beta-thalassemic-erythrocytes and plasmodium falciparum. | beta-thalassemic erythrocytes and normal red blood cells were experimentally infected in vitro with plasmodium falciparum cultured for 4 days and studied by means of transmission electron microscopy. conspicuous alterations of the parasites appear in the advanced stage of schizogony leading to the fact that only a small amount of malaria pigment is formed, which in general is not crystalline, but always enclosed in extremely large vacuoles. furthermore some of the developing merozoites reveal fe ... | 1989 | 2679618 |
| polymorphic antigens in plasmodium falciparum. | | 1989 | 2679909 |
| [severe hypoglycemia during a pernicious attack of plasmodium falciparum malaria treated with quinine (study of 110 cases)]. | one hundred and ten patients with severe falciparum malaria have been admitted between 1985 and 1987. all had received quinine to the same protocol: 8.3 mg base/kg infused intravenously over 3 hours every eight hours. a systematic glycaemic supervision by capillary glycaemia every eight hours has been employed. hypoglycaemia occurred in 17 patients (15.5%). despite an early injection of glucose, recurrent hypoglycaemia was almost constant (16 over 17). the mortality of the group with hypoglycaem ... | 1989 | 2680132 |
| [in vivo chemosensitivity of plasmodium falciparum in the islamic federal republic of the comoros]. | the rfi des comores is classified by who as an area where p. falciparum resistance to chloroquine is rare or low. after reviewing the existing data, the authors are giving the results of an in vivo research in 1988-1989. 1.35 of the tests with 25 mg/kg were positive the 7th day, 3.38% of 207 tests with 20 mg/kg, 10.77% of 232 tests with 10 mg/kg, 21.56% of 51 tests on 5 mg/kg. | 1989 | 2680133 |
| [malaria attack: a difficult diagnosis in a region of high plasmodium falciparum endemicity]. | the diagnosis of malaria attack in regions for highly endemic p. falciparum is difficult. it is more so since the wide use of antimalarials by the infected populations and the spread of drug resistance. a positive test is not evidence for a malarial attack since in certain schools, in both rural regions and in some districts of big towns, over 3/4 of the children attending school are carriers of plasmodium. on the other hand, true attacks, even severe forms, can occur without evidence of parasit ... | 1989 | 2680136 |
| [quantitative study on transmission of malaria by anopheles kunmingensis]. | from july to august 1987, a quantitative study on the vector potential of an. kunmingensis (sp. nov.) in comparison with an. sinensis was carried out in nine malaria endemic villages of tengchong county of western yunnan. all the villages contained only three anopheles species: an. kunmingensis, an. sinensis and an. maculatus, among which an. kunmingensis accounted for 77% of 14,871 anopheline mosquitoes collected inside the houses and cowsheds. adult density, man-biting rate, human blood index, ... | 1989 | 2680151 |
| [a handy medium for in vitro assessment of sensitivity of plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine and mefloquine in the field]. | the use of liquid rpmi 1640 medium (added nahco3 and serum) in sealed ampoule for in vitro assessment of sensitivity of plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine and meflopuine in the field was very successful. on chloroquine plates with who supplied medium, 9 of 13 isolates were interpretable (successful rate 69.2%), the maturation rate from ring-forms to schizonts was 53.3%, the average number of nuclei per schizont 5.1. with lyophilized medium the successful rate was 100%, the maturation rate 65.9 ... | 1989 | 2680152 |
| [observation on the efficacy of combined use of some new antimalarials for the treatment of falciparum malaria in hainan province]. | field trials were carried out to assess the therapeutic effects including the combined use of piperaquine (pq) with nitroquine (nq) and pyronaridine (pyr) with nq against falciparum malaria in regions of hainan province with chloroquine-resistance in 3 successive autumns from 1985 to 1987. in an evaluation of pq 750 mg with nq 25 mg therapy in 33 falciparum malaria patients, the average fever subsidence time and parasite clearance time were 39 hours and 49 hours respectively, but within 28 days ... | 1989 | 2680154 |
| tumour necrosis factor production in falciparum malaria and its association with schizont rupture. | to investigate the involvement of tumour necrosis factor (tnf) in human malaria, we studied tnf production in patients infected with plasmodium falciparum, and in co-cultures of human mononuclear cells and malaria parasites in vitro. in the examined sample, plasma tnf levels of over 39 pg/ml were detected in the plasma of 59% of gambian children with acute malaria, 17% of convalescents, 9% of children with mild infections other than malaria, and 7% of healthy gambian adults. mononuclear cells of ... | 1989 | 2680183 |
| cytoadherence and sequestration in falciparum malaria. | | 1989 | 2680570 |
| chloroquine sensitivity of p. falciparum in koraput district, orissa. | malaria is a persistent problem in the tribal dominated koraput district of orissa state. plasmodium falciparum is the predominant parasite species accounting for about 90% of the infections in the locality. chloroquine sensitivity of p. falciparum was carried out in 4 primary health centres (phcs) and muran project area in the district. a total of 139 cases were subjected to in vivo extended test, of which resistance was detected in 11 at ri and in 2 at rii level. one case out of 16 subjected t ... | 1989 | 2680634 |
| a focus of high degree chloroquine resistant p. falciparum in mandla district (m.p.). | a study on the bioenvironmental control of malaria was launched in bizadandi block (mandla district, m.p.) in may 1986. besides intervention, using environmental management methods and larvivorous fishes, weekly surveillance and chloroquine administration at 25 mg/kg body weight was practiced. studies during 1987 revealed that a large number of p. falciparum cases did not respond to the standard anti-malarial treatment. therefore, systematic 28 day in vivo studies were taken up on the follow-up ... | 1989 | 2680635 |
| management of severe malarial infection. | severe malaria is a major cause of infant and childhood death in the tropics. effective management relies on rapid diagnosis, prompt administration of parenteral schizonticidal antimalarial drugs, careful fluid balance, prevention of convulsions and early recognition of complications such as hypoglycemia, metabolic acidosis, anemia, pulmonary edema, renal failure, bleeding and supervening bacterial sepsis. the mortality of treated cerebral malaria remains 20%. new, more rapidly acting antimalari ... | 1989 | 2680936 |
| falciparum malaria. | we analysed cases of hematologically proved cases of plasmodium falciparum malaria encountered from july 1984 to dec 1985 in a military hospital. the age range was 3 days to 10 years. majority presented with classical symptom of fever (92.7%). others presented with gastrointestinal (7.3%), hepatic (4.5%), central nervous system (7.3%) and respiratory (3.6%) symptoms. anemia was found in 36.4%. hepatosplenomegaly was present in majority of the cases. the rare findings were polyarthritis, rash, ur ... | 1989 | 2680941 |
| development of the human immune response against the major surface protein (gp190) of plasmodium falciparum. | the 190-kilodalton glycoprotein (gp190) of plasmodium falciparum, the precursor of the major surface proteins of merozoites, is considered a promising candidate for a blood stage malaria vaccine. dna sequences specific for the gp190 of the two isolates k1 and mad20 were subcloned and expressed in escherichia coli. the panel of fusion proteins obtained represents about 80% of the polymorphic sequences observed so far within various isolates of p. falciparum. sera from individuals living in a mala ... | 1989 | 2680981 |
| a dual expression system for the generation, analysis and purification of antibodies to a repeated sequence of the plasmodium falciparum antigen pf155/resa. | a novel dual expression system for the generation and analysis of immune responses to recombinant protein is described. the two expression systems are based on the igg-binding domains (zz) of staphylococcal protein a (spa) and the human serum albumin (hsa) binding domains (bb) of streptococcal protein g, respectively. products of fusions with the zz region are used to generate an immune response against the recombinant peptide and the corresponding peptide fused to the bb region is used for anal ... | 1989 | 2681427 |
| malaria in spite of chemoprophylaxis. | | 1989 | 2681431 |
| plasmodium falciparum gametocyte formation in vitro: its stimulation by phorbol diesters and by 8-bromo cyclic adenosine monophosphate. | phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate increased the number of gametocytes by 50 to 100% in well or petri dish cultures of the hb-3 clone of plasmodium falciparum. phorbol dibutyrate had a similar effect. the optimal concentration for each of these agents was 20 ng/ml or approximately 30 nm. no effect of forskolin was found, other than a general inhibition of growth at concentrations over 10 microm. an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase, 8-bromo cyclic adenosine monophosphate (at concentrations of 0.1 and ... | 1989 | 2681714 |
| chloroquine-resistant malaria in jos, nigeria. | a 16-year-old nigerian boy who had lived all his life in a malaria endemic region presented with continuing fever after what would ordinarily be accepted as adequate treatment for malaria. he went on to develop cerebral malaria, recovering only after administration of quinine. | 1989 | 2681816 |
| [the importance of a quantitative assessment of parasitemia in tropical malaria]. | the study was carried out on the population of countries, non-endemic for falciparum malaria, who had contracted abroad infection by drug-resistant (21 persons) or drug-sensitive (52 persons) strains of plasmodium falciparum. the number of asexual forms of the parasite at the beginning of the disease amounted approximately to 10 thousand or more parasites per microliter in the blood of 14 persons out of 21 who had contracted resistant strains and in the blood of 21 out of 52 persons with sensiti ... | 1989 | 2682156 |
| the mature erythrocyte surface antigen of plasmodium falciparum is not required for knobs or cytoadherence. | intraerythrocytic plasmodium falciparum parasites at the trophozoite and schizont stages synthesize a greater than 200-kda protein, the mature erythrocyte surface antigen (mesa), that is localized at the membrane of infected red blood cells and manifests size polymorphism and antigenic diversity among parasite isolates. because mesa is localized in the host cell membrane, we examined parasites with differing knob and cytoadherence phenotypes to determine whether mesa expression correlated with k ... | 1989 | 2682238 |
| ribosomal rna-based diagnosis of plasmodium falciparum malaria. | we have identified useful target sites for the diagnosis of malaria infections by oligonucleotide hybridization on the small subunit rna of plasmodium falciparum. acetic acid works as effectively as formaldehyde or methyl mercuric hydroxide in procedures designed to apply rna to filters. we have confirmed the findings of others that the stability of ribosomal rna suffices for its use as a target for diagnosis. we have achieved a detection level of at least 0.00046% parasitemia and suggest that d ... | 1989 | 2682239 |
| cysteine or serine proteinase? | | 1989 | 2682262 |
| [a very severe plasmodium falciparum infection in spite of malaria prophylaxis]. | | 1989 | 2682272 |
| [tropical malaria; late treatment of travelers with 'the flu']. | | 1989 | 2682273 |
| [chronic malaria; anemia and splenomegaly without fever]. | | 1989 | 2682284 |
| nucleotide sequence of cdna clone for hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase from plasmodium falciparum. | | 1989 | 2682528 |
| malaria in adult outpatients at goroka hospital during 1986. | of 206 adult outpatients attending goroka hospital with suspected malaria during 1986, 40.3% had blood slides positive for malaria (28.2% plasmodium falciparum, 13.6% p. vivax and 1.9% p. malariae). parasite densities and proportions of cases with gametocytes were higher than observed in endemic regions. acquisition of infection during recent coastal travel was implicated in the majority of cases (86%). 6 out of 13 gametocyte carriers tested were infectious to anopheles farauti mosquitos. anti-m ... | 1989 | 2683479 |
| freeze-fracture studies on the sporoblast and sporozoite development in the early oocyst. | freeze-fracturing has been used to study the formation of the triple layer pellicular complex of budding sporozoites of plasmodium falciparum in the early oocyst. sporozoites are formed from sporoblasts within the oocyst. the outer membrane of the sporozoites is derived from the single plasma membrane of the sporoblast while the inner 2 membranes are formed anew at the base of the differentiating sporozoites. a dense collar of intramembranous particles located on the p face of the outer membrane ... | 1989 | 2683819 |
| immunological effects of hiv-1 infection on the humoral response to malaria in an african population. | we conducted a cross-sectional study to determine the serological response to malaria in an hiv-1 infected population and in a control population in a region of high malaria transmission. the study group consisted of 66 hospitalized patients with clinical acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) and 70 trauma patients without clinical aids (controls). mean optical densities of antibody produced against resa-4, resa-8, resa-11, (pnan)5 and (naag)5 synthetic peptides of plasmodium falciparum were ... | 1989 | 2683820 |
| malaria presenting with urticaria as the initial feature. | | 1989 | 2684864 |
| effect of human circumsporozoite antibodies in plasmodium-infected anopheles (diptera: culicidae). | human circumsporozoite (cs) antibodies to plasmodium falciparum were detected in blood meals from 45.0% of 1,547 field-collected anopheles gambiae giles sensu lato and anopheles funestus giles from western kenya. possible effects on malaria infections within the anopheles host were investigated. circumsporozoite antibodies were detected in blood meals up to 36 h after feeding. antibodies crossing the midgut were detected experimentally in hemolymph from 4 to 36 h after feeding; human igg also wa ... | 1989 | 2685310 |
| [a very severe plasmodium falciparum infection in spite of malaria prophylaxis]. | | 1989 | 2685617 |
| suppression of in-vitro lymphoproliferative responses in acute malaria patients can be partially reversed by indomethacin. | in-vitro lymphoproliferative responses to malaria antigens are suppressed in patients with acute plasmodium falciparum infection. studies with other parasitic diseases have suggested that monocyte/macrophage-derived prostaglandins may be responsible for immunosuppression. since acute malaria infection is characteristically associated with fever it is likely that prostaglandin e production will also be enhanced in these patients. in this study, indomethacin, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor which block ... | 1989 | 2685716 |
| malaria red cell cytoadherence. | | 1989 | 2686026 |
| chloroquine resistance in plasmodium falciparum in kwazulu, 1983-1988. | patients with plasmodium falciparum infections in northern kwazulu adjacent to the mozambique border were treated with chloroquine 25 mg/kg. persistent parasitaemias increased from nil in 1983 to 21.2% and 16.1% for hospital and field treatments respectively in 1987. after a change to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (fansidar; roche) treatment (adults 1,500 mg and 75 mg respectively) these rates fell in march 1988 to 6.9% and 0.4%. | 1989 | 2686047 |
| quinine-resistant malaria. | | 1989 | 2686049 |
| recent canadian deaths from malaria acquired in africa. | | 1989 | 2686842 |
| [in vivo sensitivity of plasmodium falciparum to piperaquine phosphate assayed in linshui and baisha counties, hainan province]. | fifty-three cases of falciparum malaria in linshui county, baisha county and sanya municipality were treated with piperaquine phosphate at a total dose of 1.5g base over 3 days in july to december, 1986. the mean defervescence time was 36 +/- 20.7h; the mean asexual parasite clearance time was 69.7 +/- 20.9h. at 14-28d follow-up recrudescence was observed with asexual parasitemia in 7 of the 47 cases, showing ri resistance to piperaquine. gametocytemia was positive in 35 cases (74.5%) during the ... | 1989 | 2686856 |
| [a preliminary study on detecting plasmodium falciparum in blood by plasmodium falciparum dna probe]. | a simple and rapid method for detecting plasmodium falciparum in human blood was used in this study. the assay is based on dna-dna spot hybridization. for this purpose, the total genomic dna of p. falciparum was isolated and purified from the parasite cultured in vitro. then the total genomic dna was used as a probe and labelled with [alpha-32p]-datp by nick-translation. twenty-five test samples, ten-microliter lysed infected blood each, were spotted onto dry nitrocellulose paper and hybridized ... | 1989 | 2686858 |
| [changes in antioxidative system in erythrocytes infected with plasmodium falciparum]. | in order to probe into the redox state in erythrocytes infected with p. falciparum, parasites of hainan strain (fcc-1/hn) were cultured in vitro and trophozoites and schizonts were obtained by percoll gradient separation. the effects of p. falciparum infection on antioxidative system and active oxygen level in erythrocytes were studied. it was found that the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and the content of reduced glutathione in infected erythrocytes were markedly decreased, while ... | 1989 | 2686861 |
| deleterious synergistic effects of ascorbate and copper on the development of plasmodium falciparum: an in vitro study in normal and in g6pd-deficient erythrocytes. | the effects of ascorbate and copper on the development of plasmodium falciparum were studied in two modes: pretreatment of uninfected erythrocytes followed by infection by p. falciparum and treatment of parasitized erythrocytes. pretreatment of g6pd(+) cells with ascorbate caused a slight enhancement in parasite development, while in g6pd(-) cells a suppressive effect on the plasmodia was demonstrated. copper alone interfered with parasite growth in both cell types. the combination of copper and ... | 1989 | 2687184 |
| jaundice in plasmodium falciparum. | thirty-two patients of smear positive plasmodium falciparum malaria having jaundice were analysed retrospectively. majority of the cases were in the age group of 31-40 years. serum bilirubin levels ranged from 2 mg to 40 mg%. fourteen (42.6%) had serum bilirubin above 10 mg%. conjugated bilirubinaemia was found in twenty one patients (65.5%), unconjugated in 4 (12.5%) while 7 patients (21.8%) had a mixed pattern. serum transaminases were high in 21.8% patients. twenty five patients (78%) had ass ... | 1989 | 2687227 |
| extrapyramidal syndrome in falciparum malaria. | three unusual cases of falciparum malaria with extrapyramidal syndrome are reported. two of these cases had extrapyramidal features at admission and the other one developed them after quinine therapy. | 1989 | 2687228 |
| separation of cell populations by free-flow electrophoresis. | | 1989 | 2687642 |
| susceptibility to hydrogen peroxide of plasmodium falciparum infecting glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-deficient erythrocytes. | the susceptibility to oxidant-mediated killing of plasmodium falciparum infecting normal and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (g6pd)-deficient erythrocytes was assessed by exposure to hydrogen peroxide generated by the glucose-glucose oxidase system. the parasites infecting g6pd-deficient erythrocytes had markedly greater susceptibility to hydrogen peroxide under a variety of conditions than those infecting normal erythrocytes. in both cases, the killing effect was mediated mainly through the h ... | 1989 | 2687776 |
| subarachnoid haemorrhage in plasmodium falciparum malaria. | a 41 year old man with cerebral malaria was found to have numerous bilateral retinal haemorrhages and very high parasitaemia. despite intensive treatment his condition deteriorated and he died. autopsy showed subarachnoid haemorrhage, which has not been previously described in cerebral malaria. | 1989 | 2687828 |
| immune responses to the circumsporozoite protein of plasmodium falciparum in relation to hla-dr type. | associations between hla-dr/dq phenotypes and immune responses to the circumsporozoite (cs) protein of the human malaria parasite, plasmodium falciparum, were investigated in thai adults. the frequency of dr and dq types did not differ between 15 high antibody responders and 16 antibody non-responders. initial results which suggested that lymphocyte responses to a cs-derived peptide (r32tet32) might be hla-dr associated were not confirmed by subsequent extension of the study. thus, mhc restricti ... | 1989 | 2688192 |
| menhaden-fish oil in a vitamin e-deficient diet: protection against chloroquine-resistant malaria in mice. | feeding a vitamin e-deficient diet containing 5% menhaden oil to mice affords significant protection against both a chloroquine-sensitive and a chloroquine-resistant line of the malarial parasite. nutritional manipulation may offer a new approach to the problem of drug-resistant malaria, a rapidly emerging global threat to public health. | 1989 | 2688393 |
| purification of plasmodium falciparum exoantigens by spun-column chromatography and by inverse affinity chromatography. | exoantigens released into the medium during the in vitro culture of plasmodium falciparum were purified to obtain a better characterization. this purification was done in two steps. first the crude culture medium was passed through a cationic exchange gel on a spun-column. this preliminary step is efficient and rapid. the serum contaminants were removed from the effluent by an inverse affinity chromatography with, as adsorbant, anti-human serum from the horse. the quality of the antigens obtaine ... | 1989 | 2688576 |
| the aetiology of severe anaemia in pregnancy in ndola, zambia. | the aetiology of severe anaemia (haemoglobin less than 7.0 g dl-1) has been studied in 37 pregnant zambians. aetiology was usually multiple; 31 (84%) had plasmodium falciparum malaria, 23 (62%) were folate deficient, 13 (35%) were iron deficient, one had sickle-cell anaemia and one had the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). folate deficiency was most often secondary to malarial haemolysis: iron deficiency was nutritional, but hookworm was contributory in about one-third of patients. the ... | 1989 | 2688577 |
| the potentiating action of tetrandrine in combination with chloroquine or qinghaosu against chloroquine-sensitive and resistant falciparum malaria. | using chloroquine-sensitive (cs) and chloroquine-resistant (cr) strains of plasmodium falciparum in vitro, interactions between tetrandrine (tt) and either chloroquine (cq) or qinghaosu (qhs, artemisinin) were assessed using isobolograms. sums of the fractional inhibitory concentration for the combination of the two drugs are less than one and therefore, we can conclude that in vitro tt and cq or qhs act synergistically against cs and cr falciparum malaria. remarkably, using cr malaria, tt can l ... | 1989 | 2688645 |
| [comparative study of artemisinin suppositories and piperaquine phosphate in the treatment of falciparum malaria]. | artemisinin, developed by chinese scientists, is a new type of anti-malarial drug with quick effect and low toxicity. since its solubility in water or oil is very low, it cannot be made into a clear injection to be given intramuscularly or intravenously for emergency use. the artemisinin suppositories used in the study was provided by the institute of chinese materia medica in 1982. phase i and phase ii clinical trials of the drug were made by guangzhou college of tcm. the results showed that th ... | 1989 | 2688937 |
| antibacterial and antimalarial properties of peptides that are cecropin-melittin hybrids. | solid phase synthesis was used to produce 5 hybrid peptides containing sequences from the antibacterial peptide, cecropin a, and from the bee venom toxin, melittin. four of these chimeric peptides showed good antibacterial activity against representative gram-negative and gram-positive bacterial species. the best hybrid, cecropin a(1-13)-melittin(1-13) was 100-fold more active than cecropin a against staphylococcus aureus. it was also a 10-fold better antimalarial agent than cecropin b or magain ... | 1989 | 2689223 |
| an enlarged largest subunit of plasmodium falciparum rna polymerase ii defines conserved and variable rna polymerase domains. | we have isolated the gene encoding the largest subunit of rna polymerase ii from plasmodium falciparum. the rpii gene is expressed in the asexual erythrocytic stages of the parasite as a 9 kb mrna, and is present as a single copy gene located on chromosome 3. the p. falciparum rpii subunit is the largest (2452 amino acids) eukaryotic rpii subunit, and it contains enlarged variable regions that clearly separate and define five conserved regions of the eukaryotic rpii largest subunits. a distincti ... | 1989 | 2690004 |
| cerebral malaria. | | 1989 | 2690175 |
| clinical features and prognostic indicators in paediatric cerebral malaria: a study of 131 comatose malawian children. | we studied the relationship between presenting features and outcome in 131 malawian children admitted with cerebral malaria (p. falciparum malaria and unrousable coma). a method was devised for the measurement of depth of coma in children too young to speak. twenty patients (15 per cent) died and 12 (9 per cent) recovered with residual neurological sequelae. presenting clinical signs significantly associated with adverse outcome (death or sequelae) were profound coma, signs of decerebration, abs ... | 1989 | 2690177 |
| hypoglycaemia is an important complication of falciparum malaria. | | 1989 | 2690178 |
| problems in the management of falciparum malaria. | | 1989 | 2690292 |
| serological reactivity to the ring-infected erythrocyte surface antigen and circumsporozoite protein in gravid and nulligravid women infected with plasmodium falciparum. | to investigate potential mechanisms for pregnancy-associated alterations in the immune response to malaria, we tested plasma samples from plasmodium falciparum-infected nulligravida (42), primigravida (23) and multigravida (38) kenyan women for reactivity to the ring-infected erythrocyte surface antigen (resa) by a modified indirect fluorescent antibody assay and to synthetic peptides derived from amino acid sequences of resa and the circumsporozoite (cs) protein of p. falciparum by an enzyme-li ... | 1989 | 2690416 |
| a combination of quinine, quinidine and cinchonine (la 40221) in the treatment of chloroquine resistant falciparum malaria in thailand: two double-blind trials. | | 1989 | 2690417 |
| sporozoite load of mosquitoes infected with plasmodium falciparum. | in the laboratory, mosquitoes given a second blood meal 5-11 d after an infective one have more sporozoites in their salivary glands than do those given a single infective blood meal only. the presence of specific anti-sporozoite antibody in the second blood meal does not reduce the number of sporozoites in salivary glands. on the contrary, the presence of the raised immunoglobulin levels--even non-specific ones--may result in higher gland infections. oocyst maturation is extremely asynchronous ... | 1989 | 2690418 |
| [vaccination: present and future]. | | 1989 | 2690673 |
| imported malaria in trinidad and tobago, w.i. (1968-1986). | malaria surveillance was conducted by the insect vector control division, ministry of health, to determine the number of imported cases of malaria which entered trinidad and tobago from 1968 to 1986. a total of 84 cases of imported malaria was detected; in 44 the agent was plasmodium falciparum, in 25 p. vivax, in 11 p. malariae, in one p. ovale, and three were mixed. the monthly incidence of malaria showed that july and august accounted for 41% of all imported malaria cases. most malaria cases ... | 1989 | 2690758 |
| malaria: the principal cause in europids for acute medical admission to a general hospital, malawi. | | 1989 | 2690761 |
| efficacy of chloroquine in the treatment of malaria in children under five years in baissa (gongola state, nigeria). | the nigerian federal ministry of health in 1987 instituted a nationwide programme to gather data on the efficacy of chloroquine in treating malaria in children as a basis for the development of a national malaria therapy policy. the programme is part of a comprehensive combating childhood communicable diseases (cccd) programme. a simplified who in vivo method, involving follow-up observations on day 1 (d1), d2, d7 and d14 following the first day the study began (d0), was used for this study. a t ... | 1989 | 2690763 |
| in vitro studies on the mode of action of quassinoids with activity against chloroquine-resistant plasmodium falciparum. | using the incorporation of [3h]isoleucine or [3h]hypoxanthine into acid-insoluble products as indices of protein- and nucleic acid-synthetic activity, respectively, it was shown that seven plant-derived quassinoids with differing chemical substitutions all inhibited protein synthesis more rapidly than nucleic acid synthesis in human erythrocytes infected with plasmodium falciparum, in vitro. five quassinoids (ailanthinone, bruceantin, bruceine b, glaucarubinone and holacanthone) were effective w ... | 1989 | 2690830 |
| renal function in acute malaria in children. | tests for renal function were performed in 75 smear positive children with acute malaria together with 10 control children. plasmodium vivax and plasmodium falciparum accounted for 52 and 46 per cent cases, respectively. renal impairment in the form of decreased endogenous creatine clearance (less than 65 ml/min/m2) was noted in 36 of the 75 children with malaria. plasmodium falciparum was responsible for 66 per cent and p. vivax accounted for 30 per cent cases of renal impairment. plasmodium fa ... | 1989 | 2691710 |
| plasmodium falciparum growth inhibition by human platelets in vitro. | platelets take an active part in immunological processes as well as in haemostasis, especially in the host-parasite relationship. our aim is to assess the growth of plasmodium falciparum, cultured in human erythrocytes in the presence of fresh washed human platelets, since thrombocytopaenia is frequently observed during malarial infections. our results show that platelets induce a dose-related growth inhibition of p. falciparum. both proliferation and maturation of intraerythrocytic stages of th ... | 1989 | 2691962 |
| antimalarial and toxic effect of triple combination of pyronaridine, sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine. | the triple combination of pyronaridine, sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine which has been proven to be efficient in delaying emergence of drug resistance of rodent malarial parasites was further studied for potential application to malaria control. the antimalarial effect of the triple combination on plasmodium berghei anka-infected mice and the toxic effects in mice and rats were additive. a single dose of pyronaridine 500 mg in combination with sulfadoxine, 1000 or 1500 mg, and pyrimethamine, 50 or ... | 1989 | 2692191 |
| age-related prevalence of antibody response against three different, defined plasmodium falciparum antigens in children from the haut-ogooué province in gabon. | the kinetics of the humoral response to defined plasmodium falciparum antigens was studied in 543 children, 1 month to 15 years old, living in an area endemic for malaria. the antigens used for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were (i) the synthetic peptide (nanp)40 representing the immunodominant repeated region of the circumsporozoite protein, and (ii) the fusion peptide 31.1, representing the n-terminal portion of the 83 kda polypeptide expressed at the surface of merozoites which is a proce ... | 1989 | 2692217 |
| two cases of mefloquine resistant malaria in thailand. | | 1989 | 2692218 |
| comparison of antibody responses to the circumsporozoite protein repeat region and to intact sporozoites during acute falciparum malaria. | most acute falciparum malaria patients mount an antibody response to the circumsporozoite (cs) protein which contains a dominant b-cell epitope. in order to investigate whether antibodies against other epitopes on the sporozoite surface may be important during a particular phase of infection or convalescence, we longitudinally studied the antibody responses of 13 thai patients with acute falciparum malaria. antibody comparisons were made using intact plasmodium falciparum sporozoites in an indir ... | 1989 | 2692219 |
| differences in drug response of plasmodium falciparum within an area of the amazon region. | clinical characteristics of patients with falciparum malaria, as well as sensitivity of plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine and mefloquine, were investigated in 2 distinct strata within the same geographical area of the amazon basin. one stratum was the population living along the road, the other that living along the river, both near rio branco, capital of acre state, brazil. the clinical features did not differ between the 2 strata. full in vitro sensitivity of p. falciparum to mefloquine was ... | 1989 | 2692220 |
| spontaneous spleen rupture in malaria. | | 1989 | 2692221 |