| [effect of colchicine and triton x-100 on expression of the enzyme-encoding genes in nongerminating seeds of sugarbeet (beta vulgaris l.)]. | the expression of the enzyme-coding genes, controlling glucose-phosphate isomerase (gpi), malate dehydrogenase (mdh), and alcohol dehydrogenase (adh), was examined in nongerminating seeds of sugarbeet after triton x-100 (tx-100) and colchicine treatment. two types of changes revealed included modification of the enzymatic loci expression (change of the isozyme electrophoretic mobility) and inactivation of standard profiles. in the mdh and gpi systems, these processes were found to be associated. ... | 2011 | 21446183 |
| potential impact of process parameters upon the bacterial diversity in the mesophilic anaerobic digestion of beet silage. | the impact of the process parameters hydraulic retention time (hrt), organic loading rate (olr) and substrate upon bacterial diversity was analyzed. therefore, a controlled anaerobic fermentation (1755 days) of beet silage, only initially inoculated with manure, was monitored by the amplified "ribosomal dna" restriction analysis. more than 85% of detected operational taxonomic units (otus) could not be assigned to described bacteria. in contrast to studies analyzing the digestion of energy crops ... | 2011 | 21435870 |
| a synthetic peptide shows retro- and anterograde neuronal transport before disrupting the chemosensation of plant-pathogenic nematodes. | cyst nematodes are a group of plant pathogens each with a defined host range that cause major losses to crops including potato, soybean and sugar beet. the infective mobile stage hatches from dormant eggs and moves a short distance through the soil to plant roots, which it then invades. a novel strategy for control has recently been proposed in which the plant is able to secrete a peptide which disorientates the infective stage and prevents invasion of the pathogen. this study provides indirect ... | 2011 | 21408216 |
| an improved carv process for bioethanol production from a mixture of sugar beet mash and potato mash. | a mixed mash of sugar beet roots and potato tubers with a sugar concentration of 23.7% w/v was used as a feedstock for bioethanol production. enzymatic digestion successfully reduced the viscosity of the mixture, enabling subsequent heat pretreatment for liquefaction/sterilization. an energy-consuming thick juice preparation from sugar beet for concentration and sterilization was omitted in this new process. | 2011 | 21389604 |
| combined effect of nucleopolyhedrovirus and microplitis pallidipes for the control of the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua. | nucleopolyhedrovirus (senpv) and microplitis pallidipes are important biological control agents of spodoptera exigua populations. the interactions between these agents and their combined effect on pest control were investigated in the laboratory and in commercial greenhouses. | 2011 | 21360644 |
| anti-inflammatory activity of aqueous extract of beta vulgaris l. | the present study deals with the investigation of phytochemically evaluated aqueous extract of leaves of beta vulgaris for its anti-inflammatory activity. the anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by carrageenan induced rat paw oedema method for acute inflammation and cotton pellet granuloma method for chronic inflammation. the standard drug used was indomethacin (10 mg/kg) for both the models. in both methods, aqueous extract at a dose level of 1000 mg/kg has shown significant activity which ... | 2011 | 24826006 |
| metabolic profile of wound-induced changes in primary carbon metabolism in sugarbeet root. | injury to plant products by harvest and postharvest operations induces respiration rate and increases the demand for respiratory substrates. alterations in primary carbon metabolism are likely to support the elevated demand for respiratory substrates, although the nature of these alterations is unknown. to gain insight into the metabolic changes that occur to provide substrates for wound-induced increases in respiration, changes in the concentrations of compounds that are substrates, intermediat ... | 2011 | 21315380 |
| elevated co2 effects on canopy and soil water flux parameters measured using a large chamber in crops grown with free-air co2 enrichment. | an arable crop rotation (winter barley-sugar beet-winter wheat) was exposed to elevated atmospheric co(2) concentrations ([co(2) ]) using a face facility (free-air co(2) enrichment) during two rotation periods. the atmospheric [co(2) ] of the treatment plots was elevated to 550 ppm during daylight hours (t>5°c). canopy transpiration (e(c) ) and conductance (g(c) ) were measured at selected intervals (>10% of total growing season) using a dynamic co(2) /h(2) o chamber measuring system. plant avai ... | 2011 | 21309972 |
| in vitro effect of different na+/k+ ratios on plasma membrane h+ -atpase activity in maize and sugar beet shoot. | plant growth is impaired primarily by osmotic stress in the first phase of salt stress, whereas na+ toxicity affects the plant growth mainly in the second phase. salinity leads to increased na+/k+ ratio and thus displacement of k+ by na+ in the plant cell. relatively higher cytosolic na+ concentrations may have an effect on the activity of plasma membrane (pm) h+ -atpase. a decreased pm-h+ -atpase activity could increase the apoplastic ph. this process could limit the cell-wall extensibility and ... | 2011 | 21282062 |
| the impact of the eu regulatory constraint of transgenic crops on farm income. | world population and the need for nutritious food continue to grow. for 14 years farmers from a range of countries across the globe have been accessing transgenic technologies either to reduce crop production costs, increase yield and/or to exploit a range of rotational benefits. in 2009 134 mha of transgenic crops was grown. the arable area of the eu 27 is approximately 102 mha; however, only about 0.1 mha of transgenic crops, mainly maize in spain, is grown in the eu. this is in part due to li ... | 2011 | 21272674 |
| a survey on basal resistance and riboflavin-induced defense responses of sugar beet against rhizoctonia solani. | we examined basal defense responses and cytomolecular aspects of riboflavin-induced resistance (ir) in sugar beet-rhizoctonia solani pathsystem by investigating h(2)o(2) burst, phenolics accumulation and analyzing the expression of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (pal) and peroxidase (cprx1) genes. riboflavin was capable of priming plant defense responses via timely induction of h(2)o(2) production and phenolics accumulation. a correlation was found between induction of resistance by riboflavin and ... | 2011 | 21269732 |
| time course and amplitude of dna methylation in the shoot apical meristem are critical points for bolting induction in sugar beet and bolting tolerance between genotypes. | an epigenetic control of vernalization has been demonstrated in annual plants such as arabidopsis and cereals, but the situation remains unclear in biennial plants such as sugar beet that has an absolute requirement for vernalization. the role of dna methylation in flowering induction and the identification of corresponding target loci also need to be clarified. in this context, sugar beet (beta vulgaris altissima) genotypes differing in bolting tolerance were submitted to various bolting condit ... | 2011 | 21227931 |
| carboxylate metabolism in sugar beet plants grown with excess zn. | the effects of zn excess on carboxylate metabolism were investigated in sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) plants grown hydroponically in a growth chamber. root extracts of plants grown with 50 or 100μm zn in the nutrient solution showed increases in several enzymatic activities related to organic acid metabolism, including citrate synthase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, when compared to activities in control root extracts. root citric and malic acid concentrations increased in plants grown wit ... | 2011 | 21194788 |
| local spread of metamitron resistant chenopodium album l. patches. | molecular markers can provide valuable information on the spread of resistant weed biotypes. in particular, tracing local spread of resistant weed patches will give details on the importance of seed migration with machinery, manure, wind or birds. this study investigated the local spread of metamitron resistant chenopodium album l. patches in the southwest region of the province west-flanders (belgium). during the summer of 2009, leaf and seed samples were harvested in 27 patches, distributed ov ... | 2011 | 22696957 |
| biodegradation of beet molasses vinasse by a mixed culture of micro organisms: effect of aeration conditions and ph control. | the effect of aeration conditions and ph control on the progress and efficiency of beet molasses vinasse biodegradation was investigated during four batch processes at 38 degrees c with the mixed microbial culture composed of bifidobacterium, lactobacillus, lactococcus, streptococcus, bacillus, rhodopseudomonas, and saccharomyces. the four processes were carried out in a shake flask with no ph control, an aerobic bioreactor without mixing with no ph control, and a stirred-tank reactor (str) with ... | 2011 | 22432306 |
| role of a small g protein ras in cellular immune response of the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua. | insect cellular immune responses accompany cytoskeletal rearrangement of hemocytes to exhibit filopodial and pseudopodial extension of their cytoplasm. small g proteins are postulated to be implicated in the hemocyte cellular processes to perform phagocytosis, nodulation, and encapsulation behaviors. a small g protein ras gene (se-ras) was cloned from cdnas prepared from hemocytes of the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua. the open reading frame of se-ras encoded 179 amino acids with a predicted m ... | 2011 | 21167168 |
| impact of bioaugmentation by compost on the performance and ecology of an anaerobic digester fed with energy crops. | the influence of compost as inoculum during continuous anaerobic digestion of fodder beet silage was studied over 330 days. two simultaneously driven mesophilic fermentors (inoc-1/inoc-2) were inoculated with manure and sewage sludge. only the digester inoc-2 was inoculated additionally with compost. after 160 days fermentor inoc-2 reached a hydraulic retention time (hrt) around 15 days whereas inoc-1 remained at a hrt of 40d. after changing the substrate feed from one to three times a day both ... | 2011 | 21145230 |
| an antagonistic pair of ft homologs mediates the control of flowering time in sugar beet. | cultivated beets (beta vulgaris ssp. vulgaris) are unable to form reproductive shoots during the first year of their life cycle. flowering only occurs if plants get vernalized, that is, pass through the winter, and are subsequently exposed to an increasing day length (photoperiod) in spring. here, we show that the regulation of flowering time in beets is controlled by the interplay of two paralogs of the flowering locus t (ft) gene in arabidopsis that have evolved antagonistic functions. bvft2 i ... | 2010 | 21127254 |
| an immunological role of a pkc alpha binding protein (pick1) expressed in the hemocytes of the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua. | protein kinase c (pkc) regulates various intracellular processes and its activity is tightly controlled by various factors, such as secondary messengers and binding proteins. a cdna of a pkc alpha binding protein (also called pick1: protein interacting with c kinase 1) was cloned in hemocytes of the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua (noctuidae: lepidoptera). it encodes 475 amino acid residues with putative pdz and bar domains interacting with other proteins or ligands. the pick1 gene of s. exigua ... | 2011 | 21122821 |
| a comparative study of the apparent total tract digestibility of carbohydrates in icelandic and danish warmblood horses fed two different haylages and a concentrate consisting of sugar beet pulp and black oats. | four icelandic (ice) and four danish warmblood (dw) horses were used in a crossover study with two treatments to investigate the effect of breed and the effect of stage of maturity of haylage on the apparent total tract digestibility (attd) of a diet consisting of sugar beet pulp, black oats and haylage early or late cut. fibre was analysed as crude fibre (cf), acid detergent fibre (adf), neutral detergent fibre (ndf) and dietary fibre (df = non-starch polysaccharides (nsp) plus lignin). in hayl ... | 2010 | 21114231 |
| nutritional content and antioxidant properties of pulp waste from daucus carota and beta vulgaris. | this study reports the chemical composition and antioxidant potential of pulp waste from two vegetables, carrot (daucus carota) and beetroot (beta vulgaris). different in vitro assays used for determining antioxidant potential of extracts of pulp wastes were: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (dpph) radical scavenging capacity, reducing power and total antioxidant activity by phosphomolybdenum method. total polyphenols, tannins and antioxidative components such as vitamin c, total carotenoids and β- ... | 2010 | 22691993 |
| using a dual-stable isotope tracer method to study the uptake, xylem transport and distribution of fe and its chelating agent from stereoisomers of an fe(iii)-chelate used as fertilizer in fe-deficient strategy i plants. | a dual-stable isotope tracer experiment was carried out with fe-deficient sugar beet plants grown hydroponically and resupplied with differentially fe labeled racemic and meso fe(iii)-chelates of the ethylendiamine di(o-hydroxyphenylacetic) acid (o,oeddha). no short-term fe isotope exchange reactions occurred in the nutrient solution and plants did not discriminate between (54)fe and (57)fe. after 3-6 h, stable fe isotopes, chelating agents and chelates were analyzed in roots, xylem sap and leav ... | 2010 | 21072356 |
| responses of three successive generations of beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua, fed exclusively on different levels of gossypol in cotton leaves. | the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua (hübner) (lepidoptera: noctuidae), is an important pest of numerous crops, and it causes economic damage in china. use of secondary metabolic compounds in plants is an important method used to control this insect as a part of integrated pest management. in this study the growth, development, and food utilization of three successive generations of s. exigua fed on three cotton gossypol cultivars were examined. significantly longer larval life-spans were observ ... | 2010 | 21067414 |
| analytical model for long-distance tracer-transport in plants. | recent investigations of long-distance transport in plants using non-invasive tracer techniques such as (11)c radiolabeling monitored by positron emission tomography (pet) combined with magnetic resonance imaging (mri) revealed the need of dedicated methods to allow a quantitative data analysis and comparison of such experiments. a mechanistic compartmental tracer transport model is presented, defined by a linear system of partial differential equations (pdes). this model simplifies the complexi ... | 2011 | 21056579 |
| pollen limitation of female reproductive success at fine spatial scale in a gynodioecious and wind-pollinated species, beta vulgaris ssp. maritima. | in sexually polymorphic plants, the spatial distribution of sexes is usually not random. local variation in phenotype frequencies is expected to affect individual fitness of the different phenotypes. for gynodioecious species, with co-occurrence of hermaphrodites and females, if sexual phenotypes are structured in space and pollen flow is spatially restricted, local pollen availability should vary among patches. female fitness may thus be low when hermaphrodites are locally rare. to test this hy ... | 2010 | 21040067 |
| proteome analysis of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) elucidates constitutive adaptation during the first phase of salt stress. | salinity is one of the major stress factors responsible for growth reduction of most of the higher plants. in this study, the effect of salt stress on protein pattern in shoots and roots of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) was examined. sugar beet plants were grown in hydroponics under control and 125 mm salt treatments. a significant growth reduction of shoots and roots was observed. the changes in protein expression, caused by salinity, were monitored using two-dimensional gel-electrophoresis. mo ... | 2011 | 20980072 |
| [model experiments on sorption properties of beet-root fiber]. | model experiments provided results of determining sorbate properties of beet-root fiber in respect of copper, plumbum and zinc in diary foods. it was determined that this fiber makes possible the absorbing of the above mentioned heavy metal, which increases the hygienic safety of the studied diary foods. | 2010 | 20968004 |
| effects of larval density on flight potential of the beet webworm, loxostege sticticalis (lepidoptera: pyralidae). | tethered-flight techniques were used to investigate the flight potential of 1-d-old adult beet webworm, loxostege sticticalis l. (lepidoptera: pyralidae), reared at densities of1, 10, 20, 30, and 40 larvae per 650-ml jar. larval density had a significant effect on the flight potential, including total flight duration, distance, average velocity, and longest flight duration. adults reared at a density of 10 larvae per jar, and those reared in isolation displayed the greatest and poorest flight ca ... | 2010 | 22546455 |
| reanalyses of the historical series of uk variety trials to quantify the contributions of genetic and environmental factors to trends and variability in yield over time. | historical datasets have much to offer. we analyse data from winter wheat, spring and winter barley, oil seed rape, sugar beet and forage maize from the uk national list and recommended list trials over the period 1948-2007. we find that since 1982, for the cereal crops and oil seed rape, at least 88% of the improvement in yield is attributable to genetic improvement, with little evidence that changes in agronomy have improved yields. in contrast, in the same time period, plant breeding and chan ... | 2011 | 20835813 |
| molecular, biochemical, and organismal analyses of tomato plants simultaneously attacked by herbivores from two feeding guilds. | previous work identified aphids and caterpillars as having distinct effects on plant responses to herbivory. we sought to decipher these interactions across different levels of biological organization, i.e., molecular, biochemical, and organismal, with tomato plants either damaged by one 3rd-instar beet armyworm caterpillar (spodoptera exigua), damaged by 40 adult potato aphids (macrosiphum euphorbiae), simultaneous damaged by both herbivores, or left undamaged (controls). after placing insects ... | 2010 | 20820890 |
| [effects of bioactive molecules of beta vulgaris l. ssp. esculenta var. rubra on metastatic prostate cancer]. | several reports are known about the effects of nutrition supplements in the improvement of quality of life of patients with tumor, however, the physiological background remains largely unknown. table beet affects numerous biochemical reactions, enzymes and metabolic-synthesis. | 2010 | 20807696 |
| molecular characterization of lactic acid bacteria recovered from natural fermentation of beet root and carrot kanji. | the lactic acid bacteria (lab) play an important role in the fermentation of vegetables to improve nutritive value, palatability, acceptability, microbial quality and shelf life of the fermented produce. the lab associated with beetroot and carrot fermentation were identified and characterized using different molecular tools. amplified ribosomal dna restriction analysis (ardra) provided similar dna profile for the 16 lab strains isolated from beetroot and carrot fermentation while repetitive ext ... | 2010 | 23100843 |
| lc/ce-ms tools for the analysis of complex arabino-oligosaccharides. | recently, various branched arabino-oligosaccharides as present in a sugar beet arabinan digest were characterized using nmr. although hpaec often has been the method of choice to monitor the enzymatic degradation reactions of polysaccharides, it was shown that hpaec was incapable to separate all known linear and branched arabino-oligosaccharides present. as this lack of resolution might result in an incorrect interpretation of the results, other separation techniques were explored for the separa ... | 2010 | 20732678 |
| stabilization of soybean oil bodies by enzyme (laccase) cross-linking of adsorbed beet pectin coatings. | soybean oil bodies are naturally coated by a layer of phospholipids and oleosin proteins, which protect them from in vivo environmental stresses. when oil bodies are incorporated into food products, they encounter new environmental stresses such as changes in ph, ionic strength, and temperature. consequently, additional protection mechanisms are often needed to stabilize them. the purpose of this study was to determine whether soybean oil bodies could be stabilized by coating them with a layer o ... | 2010 | 23654247 |
| separation and detection of cell wall-bound ferulic acid dehydrodimers and dehydrotrimers in cereals and other plant materials by reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. | ferulate dehydrodimers and the more recently discovered dehydrotrimers play an important role in the cell wall architecture of plant-based foods and forages. high-performance liquid chromatography methods to determine ferulate dimers often lack specificity; methods for trimers did not exist yet. a method for the determination of 11 cell wall-bound ferulate dehydrodimers and -trimers was developed, including the crucial separation of the di/trimers from the often dominating phenolic monomers. val ... | 2010 | 23654229 |
| glutathione and glutathione-s-transferase activities of the vacuoles of the beet (beta vulgaris l.) roots. | | 2016 | 20711876 |
| large 3' utr of sugar beet rps3 is truncated in cytoplasmic male-sterile mitochondria. | genomic alteration near or within mitochondrial gene is often associated with cytoplasmic male sterility (cms). its influence on the expression of the mitochondrial gene was proposed as one of the possible causes of cms. in sugar beet mitochondrial rps3, whose downstream 1,056-bp region contains norf246, an apparently non-functional open reading frame (orf), was deleted in cms mitochondria. in our previous study, normal rps3 (3.8 kb), cms rps3 (2.7 kb), and norf246 (3.8 and 0.9 kb) were shown to ... | 2011 | 20711727 |
| do russia and eastern europe need gm plants? | russia, ukraine and kazakhstan are the leading agricultural producers, especially for potato, sugar beet and sunflower. the cumulative effect of adverse climatic conditions, high weediness and losses related to viruses and pests (without any insecticide and herbicide treatments) led to losses amounting to 40-80% of potential production in the russian federation and other mentioned countries. we have used new biotechnology methods to obtain several crops (potato, sugar beet, sunflower and others) ... | 2010 | 20696286 |
| diet-specific salivary gene expression and glucose oxidase activity in spodoptera exigua (lepidoptera: noctuidae) larvae. | saliva secreted during caterpillar feeding contains enzymes to initiate digestion or detoxify noxious plant compounds. activity of some salivary enzymes is diet-dependent and may be transcriptionally regulated. in this study, cdna-amplified fragment length polymorphism was used to identify beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua hübner, labial salivary genes that are differentially expressed in response to diet. in addition, segox was sequenced based on homology and characterized to confirm that the tr ... | 2010 | 20688075 |
| mesophilic fermentation of renewable biomass: does hydraulic retention time regulate methanogen diversity? | the present long-term study (about 1,100 days) monitored the diversity of methanogens during the mesophilic, anaerobic digestion of beet silage. six fermentor samples were analyzed by ribosomal rna gene restriction analysis, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and fluorescence microscopy. hydrogenotrophic methanogens dominated within the population in all samples analyzed. multidimensional scaling revealed that a rapid decrease in hydraulic retention time resulted in increased species richness, ... | 2010 | 20675458 |
| expression of pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide and its receptor (pbanr) mrna in adult female spodoptera exigua (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | the full-length cdna of pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide receptor (pbanr) was cloned from the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua (hübner) (lepidoptera: noctuidae); it included an open reading frame of 1,053 bp encoding 350 amino acids. the pbanr of s. exigua (sepbanr) was structurally characteristic of g protein-coupled receptor and its amino acid sequence shared 98% identity with the pbanr of spodoptera littoralis. both pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide (pban) and pbanr ... | 2010 | 20665850 |
| genetic basis of agronomically important traits in sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) investigated with joint linkage association mapping. | epistatic interactions may contribute substantially to the hybrid performance of sugar beet. the main goal of our study was to dissect the genetic basis of eight important physiological and agronomic traits using two different biometrical models for joint linkage association mapping. a total of 197 genotypes of an elite breeding population were evaluated in multi-location trials and fingerprinted with 194 snp markers. two different statistical models were used for the genome-wide scan for marker ... | 2010 | 20640844 |
| influence of organic amendments on soil quality potential indicators in an urban horticultural system. | the short-term response of some soil physical, chemical and biological properties, and the growth of beet, to the application of vermicompost-compost mix and/or bone meal at different doses in an organic system was evaluated in the present work. fractions of soil organic matter after amendment application were also evaluated. though no differences were found in oxidizable carbon, the particulate organic carbon was incremented in treatments with the application of vermicompost-compost mix (vc) an ... | 2010 | 20630748 |
| a new source of cytoplasmic male sterility found in wild beet and its relationship to other cms types. | we found a number of male-sterile plants in a wild beet (beta vulgaris l. subsp. maritima) accession line, fr4-31. the inheritance study of the male sterility indicated the trait to be of the cytoplasmic type. the mitochondrial genome of fr4-31 proved to lack the male-sterility-associated genes presatp6 and orf129, which are characteristic of the owen cms and i-12cms(3) cytoplasms of beets, respectively. instead, the truncated cox2 gene involved in g cms originating from wild beets was present i ... | 2010 | 20616856 |
| interaction between beet vinasse and iron fertilisers in the prevention of iron deficiency in lupins. | recycling of organic byproducts for use as soil amendments or fertilisers may enhance the productivity of soils. the aim of this study was to investigate the potential of sugar beet vinasse to correct iron chlorosis in crops when applied in conjunction with fe fertilisers such as vivianite and ferrous sulfate (fs). an experiment involving two factors (fe source and dialysed sugar beet vinasse (dbv) rate) was performed using white lupin (lupinus albus l.) and calcareous sand as growing medium. | 2010 | 20607794 |
| critical moisture content for microbial growth in dried food-processing residues. | food-processing residues are good feedstocks for biofuel and biochemical production because they have high energy content and are abundant. year-round biofuel and biochemical production requires proper storage to prevent microbial decomposition and thermal runaway. in this study, microbial activity of tomato pomace (tp), grape pomace (gp), fermented grape pomace (fgp) and sugar beet pulp (sbp) was monitored at nine different moisture contents. | 2010 | 20597097 |
| selection of low cost materials for the sorption of copper and herbicides as single or mixed compounds in increasing complexity matrices. | low cost materials (sugar beet pulp, corncob, corncob char, perlite, vermiculite, sand, sediment) have been tested for their ability to quickly sorb copper, glyphosate, diuron and 3,4-dichloroaniline (3,4-dca) as single or mixed compounds. tests have been performed in increasingly complex liquid matrices: ultra pure water (upw), runoff water (rw) and sediment extract medium (sem). highest sorption levels in upw are achieved with corncob char for cu (93%), glyphosate (74%), diuron (98%) and 3,4-d ... | 2010 | 20594640 |
| intracellular ph sensing is altered by plasma membrane pip aquaporin co-expression. | the plant plasma membrane barrier can express aquaporins (pip1 and pip2) that show two intriguing aspects: (1) the potential of modulating whole membrane water permeability by co-expression of both types, which have recently been distinguished for showing a different capacity to reach the plasma membrane; and (2) the faculty to reduce water permeation through the pore after cytosolic acidification, as a consequence of a gating process. our working hypothesis is that these two key features might ... | 2010 | 20593222 |
| sex pheromone of the spanish population of the beet armyworm spodoptera exigua. | the pheromone composition of the spanish population of the beet armyworm (baw), spodoptera exigua (lepidoptera: noctuidae), was identified. analysis of female gland extracts showed the presence of compounds z9,e12-14:ac (1), z9-14:ac (2), z11-16:ac (3), z9,e12-14:oh (4), z9-14:oh (5), and z11-16:oh (6) in a ratio of 26:11:1:22:31:9. the amount of compound per gland ranged from 2.08 ng for 5 to 0.09 ng for 3. however, analysis of female volatiles by spme revealed only the presence of compounds, 1 ... | 2010 | 20571896 |
| toxicity and sublethal effects of methoxyfenozide on spodoptera exigua (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | the toxicity and sublethal effects of methoxyfenozide were evaluated in third instars of the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua (hübner) (lepidoptera: noctuidae), that fed on contaminated semisynthetic diet. the lc50 value was estimated at 0.23 mg of active ingredient (ai) /kg diet (range, 95% ci: 0.17-0.37) at 264 h after treatment. the effects on development, survival, and reproduction were observed in third instars of this pest that survived exposure to an lc25 concentration of methoxyfenozide. ... | 2010 | 20568611 |
| juvenile hormone analog technology: effects on larval cannibalism and the production of spodoptera exigua (lepidoptera: noctuidae) nucleopolyhedrovirus. | the production of a multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (semnpv) of the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua (hübner) (lepidoptera: noctuidae), has been markedly increased by using juvenile hormone analog (jha) technology to generate a supernumerary sixth instar in the species. in the current study we compared the incidence of cannibalism in s. exigua fifth and sixth instars reared at low (two larvae per dish) and a high density (10 larvae per dish). the incidence of cannibalism was significantly higher i ... | 2010 | 20568601 |
| changes in the proteomic and metabolic profiles of beta vulgaris root tips in response to iron deficiency and resupply. | plants grown under iron deficiency show different morphological, biochemical and physiological changes. these changes include, among others, the elicitation of different strategies to improve the acquisition of fe from the rhizosphere, the adjustment of fe homeostasis processes and a reorganization of carbohydrate metabolism. the application of modern techniques that allow the simultaneous and untargeted analysis of multiple proteins and metabolites can provide insight into multiple processes ta ... | 2010 | 20565974 |
| a survey of ems-induced biennial beta vulgaris mutants reveals a novel bolting locus which is unlinked to the bolting gene b. | beta vulgaris is a facultative perennial species which exhibits large intraspecific variation in vernalization requirement and includes cultivated biennial forms such as the sugar beet. vernalization requirement is under the genetic control of the bolting locus b on chromosome ii. previously, ethyl methanesulfonate (ems) mutagenesis of an annual accession had yielded several mutants which require vernalization to bolt and behave as biennials. here, five f2 populations derived from crosses betwee ... | 2010 | 20563790 |
| relationship of flight and reproduction in beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua (lepidoptera: noctuidae), a migrant lacking the oogenesis-flight syndrome. | the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua, undertakes long-distance migration. we used flight mills to investigate the interaction between flight and reproduction in this species given the apparent absence of the oogenesis-flight syndrome. this syndrome, common in many migratory insects, is characterized by a suite of traits including migration during the pre-oviposition period followed by a switch to oogenesis. no negative effects of inter-ovipositional flight on lifetime fecundity were observed. in ... | 2010 | 20561527 |
| temperature, moisture, and fungicide effects in managing rhizoctonia root and crown rot of sugar beet. | rhizoctonia solani ag-2-2 is the causal agent of rhizoctonia root and crown rot in sugar beet; however, recent increases in disease incidence and severity were grounds to reevaluate this pathosystem. to assess the capacity at which other anastomosis groups (ags) are able to infect sugar beet, 15 ags and intraspecific groups (isgs) were tested for pathogenicity on resistant ('fc708 cms') and susceptible ('monohikari') seedlings and 10-week-old plants. several ags and isgs were pathogenic on seedl ... | 2010 | 20528187 |
| direct electrochemistry and bioelectrocatalysis of a class ii non-symbiotic plant haemoglobin immobilised on screen-printed carbon electrodes. | in this study, direct electron transfer (et) has been achieved between an immobilised non-symbiotic plant haemoglobin class ii from beta vulgaris (nsbvhb2) and three different screen-printed carbon electrodes based on graphite (spce), multi-walled carbon nanotubes (mwcnt-spce), and single-walled carbon nanotubes (swcnt-spce) without the aid of any electron mediator. the nsbvhb2 modified electrodes were studied with cyclic voltammetry (cv) and also when placed in a wall-jet flow through cell for ... | 2010 | 20506016 |
| characterisation of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l. ssp. vulgaris) varieties using microsatellite markers. | sugar beet is an obligate outcrossing species. varieties consist of mixtures of plants from various parental combinations. as the number of informative morphological characteristics is limited, this leads to some problems in variety registration research. | 2010 | 20482800 |
| tendency for interlaboratory precision in the gmo analysis method based on real-time pcr. | the horwitz curve estimates interlaboratory precision as a function only of concentration, and is frequently used as a method performance criterion in food analysis with chemical methods. the quantitative biochemical methods based on real-time pcr require an analogous criterion to progressively promote method validation. we analyzed the tendency of precision using a simplex real-time pcr technique in 53 collaborative studies of seven genetically modified (gm) crops. reproducibility standard devi ... | 2010 | 20480922 |
| dietary nitrate supplementation enhances muscle contractile efficiency during knee-extensor exercise in humans. | the purpose of this study was to elucidate the mechanistic bases for the reported reduction in the o(2) cost of exercise following short-term dietary nitrate (no(3)(-)) supplementation. in a randomized, double-blind, crossover study, seven men (aged 19-38 yr) consumed 500 ml/day of either nitrate-rich beet root juice (br, 5.1 mmol of no(3)(-)/day) or placebo (pl, with negligible nitrate content) for 6 consecutive days, and completed a series of low-intensity and high-intensity "step" exercise te ... | 2010 | 20466802 |
| the nearness of you: the effect of population structure on siring success in a gynodioecious species. | theoretically, both balancing selection and genetic drift can contribute to the maintenance of gender polymorphism within and/or among populations. however, if strong differences exist among genotypes in the quantity of viable gametes they produce, then it is expected that these differences will play an important role in determining the relative frequency of the genotypes and contribute to whether or not such polymorphism is maintained. in this issue, de cauwer et al. (2010) describe an investig ... | 2010 | 20456237 |
| diapause termination, post-diapause development and reproduction in the beet webworm, loxostege sticticalis (lepidoptera: pyralidae). | effects of photoperiod and cold exposure on diapause termination, post-diapause development and reproduction in loxostege sticticalis were examined. larvae were reared at diapause inducing condition (22 degrees c, l:d 12:12) consistently or transferred to long day photoperiod (l:d 16:8) and darkness (l:d 0:24) respectively, after entering into diapause. diapause was terminated in approximately 40% of the larvae after 36 days, and no significant differences were observed between photoperiods, sug ... | 2010 | 20433846 |
| populations of weedy crop-wild hybrid beets show contrasting variation in mating system and population genetic structure. | reproductive traits are key parameters for the evolution of invasiveness in weedy crop-wild hybrids. in beta vulgaris, cultivated beets hybridize with their wild relatives in the seed production areas, giving rise to crop-wild hybrid weed beets. we investigated the genetic structure, the variation in first-year flowering and the variation in mating system among weed beet populations occurring within sugar beet production fields. no spatial genetic structure was found for first-year populations c ... | 2010 | 25567926 |
| potential for evolutionary change in the seasonal timing of germination in sea beet (beta vulgaris ssp. maritima) mediated by seed dormancy. | in sea beet (beta vulgaris ssp. maritima), germination occurs in autumn or spring and is mediated by dormancy which can be released by cold or dry periods. environmental change such as current climate change may require evolutionary response in seasonal timing. here, we explore the potential for such evolutionary change. seed dormancy was studied in a composite population based on seeds from all over the species range in france together with several generations of reciprocal crosses. we found hi ... | 2010 | 20419469 |
| the sugar beet gene encoding the sodium/proton exchanger 1 (bvnhx1) is regulated by a myb transcription factor. | sodium/proton exchangers (nhx) are key players in the plant response to salinity and have a central role in establishing ion homeostasis. nhxs can be localized in the tonoplast or plasma membranes, where they exchange sodium ions for protons, resulting in sodium ions being removed from the cytosol into the vacuole or extracellular space. the expression of most plant nhx genes is modulated by exposure of the organisms to salt stress or water stress. we explored the regulation of the vacuolar nhx1 ... | 2010 | 20390294 |
| high-throughput identification of genetic markers using representational oligonucleotide microarray analysis. | we describe a novel approach for high-throughput development of genetic markers using representational oligonucleotide microarray analysis. we test the performance of the method in sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) as a model for crop plants with little sequence information available. genomic representations of both parents of a mapping population were hybridized on microarrays containing in total 146,554 custom made oligonucleotides based on sugar beet bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) end sequ ... | 2010 | 20379697 |
| stomatal and mesophyll conductances to co2 are the main limitations to photosynthesis in sugar beet (beta vulgaris) plants grown with excess zinc. | *the effects of zinc (zn) toxicity on photosynthesis and respiration were investigated in sugar beet (beta vulgaris) plants grown hydroponically with 1.2, 100 and 300 microm zn. *a photosynthesis limitation analysis was used to assess the stomatal, mesophyll, photochemical and biochemical contributions to the reduced photosynthesis observed under zn toxicity. *the main limitation to photosynthesis was attributable to stomata, with stomatal conductances decreasing by 76% under zn excess and stoma ... | 2010 | 20374501 |
| antioxidant properties of various solvent extracts of potato peel, sugar beet pulp and sesame cake. | growing interest in the replacement of synthetic food antioxidants by natural ones has fostered research on vegetable sources and screening of raw materials to identify new antioxidants. the food-processing industry generates substantial quantities of phenolic-rich by-products that could be valuable natural sources of antioxidants. in this study the antioxidant properties and total phenolic, flavonoid and flavonol contents of three industrial by-products, sugar beet pulp, sesame cake and potato ... | 2010 | 20355034 |
| superstatistics analysis of the ion current distribution function: met3pbcl influence study. | a novel analysis of ion current time series is proposed. it is shown that higher (second, third and fourth) statistical moments of the ion current probability distribution function (pdf) can yield new information about ion channel properties. the method is illustrated on a two-state model where the pdf of the compound states are given by normal distributions. the proposed method was applied to the analysis of the sv cation channels of vacuolar membrane of beta vulgaris and the influence of trime ... | 2010 | 20354691 |
| effects of fine-scale genetic structure on male mating success in gynodioecious beta vulgaris ssp. maritima. | plant mating systems are known to influence population genetic structure because pollen and seed dispersal are often spatially restricted. however, the reciprocal outcomes of population structure on the dynamics of polymorphic mating systems have received little attention. in gynodioecious sea beet (beta vulgaris ssp. maritima), three sexual types co-occur: females carrying a cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) gene, hermaphrodites carrying a non-cms cytoplasm and restored hermaphrodites that carry ... | 2010 | 20345690 |
| ergosterol triggers characteristic elicitation steps in beta vulgaris leaf tissues. | this study investigates the role of the fungal sterol ergosterol as a general elicitor in the triggering of plant innate immunity in sugar beet. evidence for this specific function of ergosterol is provided by careful comparison with cholesterol and three plant sterols (stigmasterol, campesterol, sitosterol), which do not enable the integrity of responses leading to elicitation. our results demonstrate the modification of h(+) flux by ergosterol, due to the direct inhibition of the h(+)-atpase a ... | 2010 | 20304987 |
| sucrose transporters of higher plants. | recent advances have provided new insights into how sucrose is moved from sites of synthesis to sites of utilisation or storage in sink organs. sucrose transporters play a central role, as they orchestrate sucrose allocation both intracellularly and at the whole plant level. sucrose produced in mesophyll cells of leaves may be effluxed into the apoplasm of mesophyll or phloem parenchyma cells by a mechanism that remains elusive, but experimentally consistent with facilitated transport or energy- ... | 2010 | 20303321 |
| antioxidant activity and phenolic content of betalain extracts from intact plants and hairy root cultures of the red beetroot beta vulgaris cv. detroit dark red. | betalains are water-soluble plant pigments that are widely used as food colorants, and have a wide range of desirable biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, anti-cancer properties. they can be produced from various plants, notably beetroot, but betalain products obtained in this way also have some undesirable properties and are difficult to standardize. a potentially attractive alternative is to use hairy root cultures. in the study reported here, we f ... | 2010 | 20195764 |
| hydrolytic and pumping activity of h+-atpase from leaves of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) as affected by salt stress. | cell wall extensibility plays an important role in plant growth. according to the acid-growth theory, lower apoplastic ph allows extension growth by affecting cell wall extensibility. a lowered apoplastic ph is presumed to activate wall-loosening enzymes that control plant growth. plasma membrane (pm) h(+)-atpases play a major role in the apoplastic acidification by h(+) transport from cytosol to the apoplast. a salt-induced decrease in h(+)-pumping activity of plasma membrane h(+)-atpases in sa ... | 2010 | 20189265 |
| nitrate and nitrite content in organically cultivated vegetables. | the nitrate and nitrite content of leaf vegetables (swiss chard, sea beet, spinach and cabbage), "inflorescence" vegetables (cauliflower) and fruit vegetables (eggplant and vegetable marrow) grown with organic fertilizers have been determined by a modified cadmium–griess method. samples were purchased from organic food stores as well as collected directly from an organic farm in madrid (spain). nitrate levels were much higher in the leaf vegetables (especially swiss chard species; average over t ... | 2010 | 24785312 |
| characterization of acid-extracted pectin-enriched products obtained from red beet (beta vulgaris l. var. conditiva) and butternut (cucurbita moschata duch ex poiret). | chemical and rheological characteristics of fractions enriched in soluble dietary fiber are reported. these fractions were obtained through acid hydrolysis of butternut (cucurbita moschata duch ex poiret) and red beet (beta vulgaris l. var. conditiva) cell wall enriched powders. hydrolysis was performed using citric acid at different ph values and reaction times (2 and 3 h). yields obtained for butternut fractions were between 21 and 28 g/100 g; for red beet, yields were 24 and 31 g/100 g for ph ... | 2010 | 20178319 |
| solid-liquid extraction of alkali metals and organic compounds by leaching of food industry residues. | leaching was studied for its application in extracting inorganic and organic constituents from fresh fermented grape pomace, air-dried fermented grape pomace and air-dried sugar beet pulp. samples of each feedstock were leached in water at ambient temperature for 30 or 120 min at dry solid-to-liquid ratios of 1/20 and 1/50 kg/l. leaching removed 82% of sodium, 86% of potassium, and 76% of chlorine from sugar beet pulp, and reduced total ash concentration in air-dry fermented grape pomace from 8. ... | 2010 | 20153641 |
| beet webworm (lepidoptera: pyralidae) migration in china: evidence from genetic markers. | genetic diversity within and among 11 geographic populations of the beet webworm loxostege sticticalis across five provinces in the northern part of china were evaluated using amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) analysis. five aflp primer combinations were used on 88 l. sticticalis samples from different locations, detecting a total of 384 polymorphic and 27 monomorphic fragments. although extensive genetic diversity occurs among individuals from different geographic populations (p = 9 ... | 2010 | 20146861 |
| random variability of map distances based on kosambi's and haldane's mapping functions. | the majority of published genetic maps are based on kosambi distances or on haldane distances. for a comparison of both map distance measures, their random variability is of particular interest. for the statistic 'variance', this paper presents a relationship between kosambi distances and haldane distances. the results suggest that kosambi distances exhibit a smaller random variability. the theoretical results are applied to an experimental data set for molecular aflp markers linked to the bolti ... | 2010 | 20145297 |
| a revised energy partitioning approach to assess the yields of non-photochemical quenching components. | non-photochemical quenching (npq) is a complex and still unclear mechanism essential for higher plants. the intensive research on this subject has highlighted three main components of npq: energy-dependent process (qe); state transitions to balance the excitation of psii and psi (qt); and photoinhibitory processes (qi). recently, these components have been resolved as quantum yields according to the energy partitioning approach that takes into account the rate constants of every process involved ... | 2010 | 20122896 |
| studies on sorption, desorption, regeneration and reuse of sugar-beet pectin gels for heavy metal removal. | this work reports the effectiveness of sugar-beet pectin xerogels for the removal of heavy metals (cadmium, lead and copper) after multiple batch sorption-desorption cycles, with and without a gels regeneration step. metals were recovered from xerogel beads without destroying their sorption capability and the beads were successfully reused (nine cycles) without significant loss in both biosorption capacity and biosorbent mass. metals uptake levelled off or increased after using a 1m cacl(2) rege ... | 2010 | 20122797 |
| anaerobic digestion of renewable biomass: thermophilic temperature governs methanogen population dynamics. | beet silage and beet juice were digested continuously as representative energy crops in a thermophilic biogas fermentor for more than 7 years. fluorescence microscopy of 15 samples covering a period of 650 days revealed that a decrease in temperature from 60 degrees c to 55 degrees c converted a morphologically uniform archaeal population (rods) into a population of methanogens exhibiting different cellular morphologies (rods and coccoid cells). a subsequent temperature increase back to 60 degre ... | 2010 | 20097828 |
| metabolic effects of fructose and the worldwide increase in obesity. | while virtually absent in our diet a few hundred years ago, fructose has now become a major constituent of our modern diet. our main sources of fructose are sucrose from beet or cane, high fructose corn syrup, fruits, and honey. fructose has the same chemical formula as glucose (c(6)h(12)o(6)), but its metabolism differs markedly from that of glucose due to its almost complete hepatic extraction and rapid hepatic conversion into glucose, glycogen, lactate, and fat. fructose was initially thought ... | 2010 | 20086073 |
| analysis of a c0t-1 library enables the targeted identification of minisatellite and satellite families in beta vulgaris. | repetitive dna is a major fraction of eukaryotic genomes and occurs particularly often in plants. currently, the sequencing of the sugar beet (beta vulgaris) genome is under way and knowledge of repetitive dna sequences is critical for the genome annotation. we generated a c0t-1 library, representing highly to moderately repetitive sequences, for the characterization of the major b. vulgaris repeat families. while highly abundant satellites are well-described, minisatellites are only poorly inve ... | 2010 | 20064260 |
| bolting and flowering control in sugar beet: relationships and effects of gibberellin, the bolting gene b and vernalization. | bolting, the first visible sign of reproductive transition in beets (beta vulgaris), is controlled by the dominant bolting gene b (b allele), which allows for flowering under long days (lds, >14 h light) without prior vernalization. the b-locus carries recessive alleles (bb) in sugar beet (beta vulgaris l. spp. vulgaris), so that vernalization and lds are required for bolting and flowering. gibberellin growth hormones (gas) control stem elongation and reproductive development, but their role dur ... | 2010 | 22476070 |
| effects of pressed beet pulp silage inclusion in maize-based rations on performance of high-yielding dairy cows and parameters of rumen fermentation. | beet pulp contains high amounts of pectins that can reduce the risk of rumen disorders compared to using feedstuffs high in starch. the objective was to study the effects of inclusion of ensiled pressed beet pulp in total mixed rations (tmr) for high-yielding dairy cows. two tmr containing no or about 20% (on dry matter (dm) basis) beet pulp silage were used. the beet pulp silage mainly replaced maize silage and corn cob silage. the tmr were intentionally equal in the concentrations of energy an ... | 2010 | 22443615 |
| sucrose: a prospering and sustainable organic raw material. | sucrose (alpha-d-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-d-fructofuranoside) is an inexpensive chemical produced by sugar cane and sugar beet cultivation. chemical and/or biochemical transformations convert it into highly valuable synthetic intermediates such as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (hmf), bioethylene, 1,2-propylene glycol and levulinic acid. sucrose can also be converted into biodegradable polymers such as polyesters and polyurethanes, as well as into novel carbohydrates such as isomaltulose, trehalulos ... | 2010 | 21626746 |
| chlorophyll fluorescence protocol for quick detection of triazinone resistant chenopodium album l. | sugar beet growers in europe are more often confronted with an unsatisfactory control of chenopodium album l. (fat-hen), possibly due to the presence of a triazinone resistant biotype. so far, two mutations on the psba-gene, i.e. ser264-gly and ala251-val, are known to cause resistance in c. album to the photosystem ii-inhibiting triazinones metamitron, a key herbicide in sugar beet, and metribuzin. the ser264-gly biotype, cross-resistant to many other photosystem ii-inhibitors like the triazine ... | 2010 | 21542471 |
| distribution of metamitron-resistant chenopodium album l. in belgian sugar beet. | chenopodium album l. (fat-hen) with a ser264-gly mutation is resistant to photosystem ii-inhibiting herbicides like the triazinone metamitron, a key herbicide in sugar beet. in recent years, this resistant biotype may cause unsatisfactory weed control in belgian sugar beet. however, the dimension of the problem was yet unknown. therefore, a survey was conducted in 2008 covering the whole belgian sugar beet area. in randomly selected fields, c. album plants surviving weed control were counted and ... | 2010 | 21542469 |
| the ty1-copia families salire and cotzilla populating the beta vulgaris genome show remarkable differences in abundance, chromosomal distribution, and age. | long terminal repeat (ltr) retrotransposons are major components of plant genomes influencing genome size and evolution. using two separate approaches, we identified the ty1-copia retrotransposon families cotzilla and salire in the beta vulgaris (sugar beet) genome. while salire elements are similar to typical ty1-copia retrotransposons, cotzilla elements belong to a lineage called sireviruses. hallmarks of cotzilla retrotransposons are the existence of an additional putative env-like open readi ... | 2010 | 20039119 |
| sorption studies of nitrate ion by a modified beet residue in the presence and absence of ultrasound. | kinetic and thermodynamic studies were carried out for the adsorption of nitrate ion from aqueous solutions onto modified beet residue and for desorption from the sorbent to the solution in batch experiments. the beet residue was modified by epichlorohydrin in the presence of pyridine. the experiments were conducted in the presence and absence of ultrasound. the removal of this ion was examined by varying experimental conditions such as the amount of sorbent, contact time, concentration, and tem ... | 2010 | 20036597 |
| temporal allocation of metabolic tolerance in the body of beet armyworm in response to three gossypol-cotton cultivars. | the nutrient composition and enzyme activities in larvae of the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua (hübner), fed on high, medium or low gossypol cotton cultivars were examined at different time intervals. significantly lower free fatty acid was observed in larvae fed for 6 h on high gossypol 'm9101' compared to larvae fed on the low (zms13) and intermediate (hz401) gossypol cultivars. significantly higher trypsin activity was observed in larvae fed on high gossypol 'm9101' for 24 h compared to tho ... | 2009 | 20016971 |
| up-regulation of circulating hemocyte population in response to bacterial challenge is mediated by octopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine via rac1 signal in spodoptera exigua. | bacterial challenge induced a significant increase in the total hemocyte population within 4h in the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua. octopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-ht) are known to play critical roles in mediating insect immune responses. this study analyzed the effects of both biogenic monoamines on mediating up-regulation of circulating hemocyte population in response to bacterial challenge. injection of either octopamine or 5-ht induced a significant increase in the total hemocyte co ... | 2010 | 19961854 |
| variable amounts of dna related to the size of chloroplasts iii. biochemical determinations of dna amounts per organelle. | plastid genomes (plastomes) are part of the integrated compartmentalised genetic system of photoautotrophic eukaryotes. they are highly redundant and generally dispersed in several regions (nucleoids) within organelles. dna quantities and number of dna-containing regions per plastid vary and are developmentally regulated in a way not yet understood. reliable quantitative data describing these patterns are scarce. we present a protocol to isolate fractions of pure plastids with varying average si ... | 2010 | 19911199 |
| molecular cytogenetic mapping of chromosomal fragments and immunostaining of kinetochore proteins in beta. | by comparative multicolor fish, we have physically mapped small chromosome fragments in the sugar beet addition lines pro1 and pat2 and analyzed the distribution of repetitive dna families in species of the section procumbentes of the genus beta. six repetitive probes were applied, including genotype-specific probes-satellites pts4.1, pts5, and prp34 and a dispersed repeat pap4, the telomere (tttaggg)(n), and the conserved 18s-5.8s-25s rrna genes. pachytene-fish analysis of the native centromere ... | 2009 | 19911065 |
| tea, coffee, and cocoa as ultraviolet radiation protectants for the beet armyworm nucleopolyhedrovirus. | the addition of 1% (wt:vol) aqueous extracts of cocoa (theobroma cacao l.) (malvales: malvaceae), coffee (coffea arabica l.) (gentianales: rubiaceae), and green and black tea (camellia sinensis l.) (ericales: theaceae) provided excellent uv radiation protection for the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua (hübner) (lepidoptera: noctuidae), nucleopolyhedrovirus under laboratory conditions. aqueous extracts of coffee, green tea, and black tea at 0.5% provided 85-100% uv protection, whereas cocoa provi ... | 2009 | 19886440 |
| adsorption of chromium (vi) from aqueous solution by sugar beet bagasse-based activated charcoal. | chromium (vi) is known to be potentially carcinogenic and mutagenic in humans. a low-cost industrial solid bioadsorbent, bagasse-based activated charcoal (bac), has been investigated for removal of chromium from aqueous solution. all the experiments were carried out in batch process with laboratory-prepared samples to study the effects of adsorbent dose, contact time, ph and initial concentration of cr(vi). the removal of chromium ion was found to be highly dependent on the ph of the solution, a ... | 2009 | 19886427 |
| oxalate content of silver beet leaves (beta vulgaris var. cicla) at different stages of maturation and the effect of cooking with different milk sources. | the work presented here indicates that people who have a tendency to develop kidney stones should avoid consuming regrowth and developed silver beet (beta vulgaris var. cicla) leaves. soluble oxalate contents of leaves range from 58% of the total oxalate for the mature leaves up to 89% for the regrowth tissue, with regrowth tissue containing the highest levels of soluble oxalate at 7267+/-307 mg/100 g of dry matter (dm). leaves cooked in milk contained significantly (p<0.05) lower levels of solu ... | 2009 | 19877639 |
| identification of extensin protein associated with sugar beet pectin. | several studies have suggested that the emulsification properties associated with pectin obtained from sugar beet (beta vulgaris) are due to the presence of a protein-pectin complex. nevertheless, the identity of the protein has remained elusive. pectin, extracted from sugar beet pulp by microwave-assisted extraction, and a commercial sample were both subjected to protease digestion with trypsin. the resulting peptides were separated from the pectin solution by ultrafiltration using a 3 kda mole ... | 2009 | 19860469 |
| removal of nitrate from aqueous solutions by activated carbon prepared from sugar beet bagasse. | in this study, activated carbons were prepared from sugar beet bagasse by chemical activation and the prepared activated carbons were used to remove nitrate from aqueous solutions. in chemical activation, zncl(2) was used as chemical agent. the effects of impregnation ratio and activation temperature were investigated. the produced activated carbons were characterized by measuring their porosities and pore size distributions. the microstructure of the activated carbons was examined by scanning e ... | 2010 | 19854640 |
| changes in iron and organic acid concentrations in xylem sap and apoplastic fluid of iron-deficient beta vulgaris plants in response to iron resupply. | in this study, the effects of fe resupply on the composition of the xylem sap and apoplastic fluid of fe-deficient sugar beet plants were investigated. experiments were carried out in growth chambers with plants grown in hydroponics, and fe resupply to fe-deficient plants was carried out by adding 45mum fe(iii)-edta to the nutrient solution. in the short term (within 24h), fe resupply caused marked changes in the xylem sap and apoplastic fluid composition and in leaf physiological parameters whe ... | 2010 | 19854536 |