| computation of motion direction by quail retinal ganglion cells that have a nonconcentric receptive field. | one type of retinal ganglion cells prefers object motion in a particular direction. neuronal mechanisms for the computation of motion direction are still unknown. we quantitatively mapped excitatory and inhibitory regions of receptive fields for directionally selective retinal ganglion cells in the japanese quail, and found that the inhibitory regions are displaced about 1-3 deg toward the side where the null sweep starts, relative to the excitatory regions. directional selectivity thus results ... | 2006 | 10824680 |
| carcase characteristics of a heavy japanese quail line under introgression with the roux gene. | 1. the roux plumage sex-linked recessive gene may be used for early sexing of japanese quail in crossbreeding production systems with wild-type and roux lines. however, associated effects of the gene on carcase and meat composition need to be assessed. 2. quail carcases from pure line k males and females (100% k), a heavy meat line which was used as the recipient line for the introgression of the roux gene, and from same-age roux or wild-type females from the second generation of introgression ( ... | 2000 | 10821521 |
| embryonic quail eye development in microgravity. | the us-russian joint quail embryo project was designed to study the effects of microgravity on development of japanese quail embryos incubated aboard mir. for this part of the project, eyes from embryonic days 14 and 16 (e14 and e16) flight embryos were compared with eyes from several groups of ground-based control embryos. measurements were recorded for eye weights; eye, corneal, and scleral ring diameters; and numbers of bones in scleral ossicle rings. transparency of e16 corneas was documente ... | 2000 | 10797121 |
| plasma 17beta-estradiol levels and ovarian interstitial cell structure in embryonic japanese quail. | plasma concentrations of 17beta-estradiol (e2) and left ovarian histology were investigated by light and electron microscopy in female japanese quail from day 10 of embryonic development through day 7, posthatch. plasma e2 levels remained relatively constant (102 to 140 pg/ml) in the embryo followed by a sharp decrease posthatch (47 to 70 pg/ml). beginning on day 10 of incubation, cells in the medullary portion (medullary cell; mc) of the left ovaries exhibited ultrastructural evidence of steroi ... | 2000 | 10780655 |
| circadian ovulatory rhythms in japanese quail: role of ocular and extraocular pacemakers. | previous studies have shown that the circadian system of japanese quail is composed of multiple photic inputs and multiple oscillators. among these are extraretinal photoreceptors that mediate both circadian and photoperiodic responses and circadian pacemakers in the eyes that, via neural and hormonal outputs, help to maintain rhythmicity of central circadian clocks (presumably located in the suprachiasmatic area of the hypothalamus). furthermore, a component of the central circadian system is i ... | 2000 | 10762035 |
| [thyroid gland development in japanese quail embryos incubating in microgravity]. | the investigation of the progress of thyroid prenatal development in the japanese quail has been first performed in the mir microgravity environment. development of thyroid glands in control and flight embryos was shown to pass same stages (trabecular and follicular). however, the flight embryos demonstrated retarded a development of the gland as compared to the control one. slowing-down of thyroid organogenesis in the flight embryos is evidently related to retardation in formation of their bloo ... | 2000 | 10732191 |
| effect of group disruption on social behaviour in lines of japanese quail (coturnixjaponica) selected for high or low levels of social reinstatement behaviour. | japanese quail of lines selected for high (hsr) or low (lsr) levels of social reinstatement (sr) behaviour were reared in groups of three. at 3 and 6 weeks of age, one group member was replaced with an unfamiliar conspecific bird. behaviour following introduction of the intruder was similar at both ages. quail of both lines spent more time immobile after introduction of the intruder than before its introduction. in the lsr, but not the hsr line, inter-individual distances between intruders and o ... | 2000 | 24894369 |
| the role of fear in one-trial passive avoidance learning in japanese quail chicks genetically selected for long or short duration of the tonic immobility reaction. | emotional arousal has been shown to affect learning in mammals, but little is known about the relationship between fear and learning in birds. in order to investigate this relationship, the learning abilities of japanese quail chicks from lines that have been divergently selected for high or low levels of underlying fearfulness, as measured by the duration of tonic immobility behaviour, were compared. day-old chicks from both lines were trained in a one-trial passive avoidance task. in this task ... | 2000 | 24894368 |
| the major low molecular weight apolipoprotein from normal and hyperlipidemia atherosclerosis-prone (lap) japanese quail. | the low molecular weight (lmw) apolipoprotein of apo c plays an important role in the metabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. this study aimed at a characterization of the major lmw apolipoproteins from normal quail strain, and also from lap (hyperlipidemia atherosclerosis-prone) strain to identify its genetic disorder. the major lmw apoprotein cdna clone from normal quail comprised of approximately 500 bp, and encoded polypeptide of 78 amino acid residues containing 57 amino acids as a ma ... | 2000 | 10666566 |
| trans-acting factors that interact with the proximal promoter sequences of ovalbumin gene are tissue-specific and age-related. | aging or deterioration of functions of various organs occurs after adulthood due to alterations in the expression of genes that maintain adulthood functions. molecular changes that occur in regulation of genes in higher organisms after adulthood can be understood by using genes whose timing and rate of expression run parallel with specific functions during the life span. one such function is egg formation in birds which is dependent on the expression of egg protein genes, ovalbumin, lysozyme, vi ... | 1999 | 10630624 |
| effect of paraquat on glutathione activity in japanese quail. | | 2000 | 10606696 |
| pretreatment methods to improve nerve immunostaining in corneas from long-term fixed embryonic quail eyes. | pretreatment methods were used to improve neurofilament immunostaining in corneas from embryonic day 16 japanese quail corneas that had been stored in fixative solution for several months. a sequential combination of the following three pretreatments: brief microwave heating in saline, followed by extraction with sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds) at 37 degrees c, followed by digestion with hyaluronidase at 37 degrees c, produced significantly increased antibody staining of corneal neurofilament prote ... | 1999 | 10595714 |
| effects of testosterone on the synaptology of the medial preoptic nucleus of male japanese quail. | the medial preoptic nucleus (pom) of male japanese quail is a sexually dimorphic testosterone-dependent structure that plays a key role in the activation of male sexual behavior. both the total volume of the nucleus and the size of the dorsolateral neurons are decreased in gonadectomized males. immunocytochemical studies have revealed a complex pattern of innervation: immunopositive fibers for several neuropeptides and neurotransmitters have been detected in the pom; some of them (e.g. vasotocin ... | 1999 | 10582522 |
| circadian organization in quail retina: differential regulation of melatonin synthesis and iodopsin gene expression in vitro. | adult japanese quail have an endogenous circadian clock located in their eyes that has been shown to regulate melatonin biosynthesis. we investigated if a circadian oscillator is present in cultures of dispersed embryonic quail retina. melatonin release in retinal cell culture is modulated by the light cycle, indicating that there are functional photoreceptors in culture. however, when cultures were placed in constant darkness no rhythm of melatonin was observed, indicating that at this period o ... | 2013 | 10580720 |
| involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinase in transforming growth factor alpha-stimulated cell proliferation in the cultured granulosa cells of the japanese quail. | the avian granulosa cells proliferate during follicular growth phase and differentiate to produce progesterone in response to luteinizing hormone (lh) when the follicle becomes the largest. in order to study the involvement of mitogen-activated protein (map) kinase in proliferation of the granulosa cells in avian species, quail granulosa cells were cultured for 66 h with various hormones (follicle stimulating hormone (fsh), lh, progesterone, estradiol-17beta, testosterone), or growth factors (tr ... | 1999 | 10579644 |
| effects of oestradiol-17beta and testosterone on progesterone production in the cultured granulosa cells of japanese quail. | in order to study the effects of steroid hormones on steroidogenesis in the avian ovary, quail granulosa cells were cultured with follicle stimulating hormone (fsh), oestradiol-17beta or testosterone. the progesterone content of the medium during the culture period of 66 h and the following 3 h of incubation with luteinising hormone (lh), was measured by radioimmunoassay. when fsh, oestradiol-17beta or testosterone were added during the 66 h culture, subsequent progesterone production by the cel ... | 1999 | 10579414 |
| associated effects of the roux plumage color mutation on growth, carcass traits, egg production, and reproduction of japanese quail. | after two generations of introgression of the sex-linked recessive roux color mutation into a commercial broiler japanese quail line with wild-type plumage, growth, carcass, egg laying, and reproduction of birds were evaluated and compared for all types of birds produced (considering sex, line, and plumage). usual sex differences were obtained for bw, with larger values in females and 5% sexual dimorphism. weights were larger also in the pure commercial line, which had a higher hatching rate (hr ... | 1999 | 10560817 |
| cardiac ganglia of japanese quail--distribution and morphology. | the cardiac ganglia in japanese quail were studied with the use of histological, histochemical and ultrastructural techniques. histological investigations revealed the presence of a number of cholinergic ganglia in the fatty tissue of the epicardium. they were grouped in plexo-ganglionic forms localised in three regions: 1) on the ventral surface of the cardiac atria, 2) on the ventral surface of the cardiac ventricle, 3) on the dorsal surface of the cardiac ventricle. these plexoganglia are str ... | 1999 | 10560012 |
| sexual behavior in japanese quail as a test end point for endocrine disruption: effects of in ovo exposure to ethinylestradiol and diethylstilbestrol. | chemicals having a capacity to disturb the endocrine system have attracted considerable interest during recent years. there is a shortage of well-characterized in vivo tests with which to study such disturbances in different classes of vertebrates. in the present study, test end points related to reproduction in the japanese quail were used to examine the estrogenic activity of chemicals. the synthetic estrogens ethinylestradiol (ee(2)) and diethylstilbestrol (des), used as model compounds, were ... | 1999 | 10544152 |
| genetic relationship among lines and smooth muscle and ovarian follicular development within lines of japanese quail in two long-term selection studies. | smooth muscle tumor and ovarian follicular development were studied in lines of japanese quail selected for increased 4-wk bw (hw, p, and t) and their randombred controls (c and r1). the lines studied were from long-term selection studies at the ohio state university (hw and r1) and the university of georgia (p, t, and c). to study the genetic relationship among the lines in the two selection studies, the c, p, hw, and r1 lines were dna-fingerprinted by digestion of the dna with the haeiii restr ... | 1999 | 10536783 |
| expression and localization of the proteoglycan decorin during the progression of cholesterol induced atherosclerosis in japanese quail: implications for interaction with collagen type i and lipoproteins. | the temporal and spatial distribution, and relative levels of the proteoglycan decorin and collagen type i were examined during the progression of atherosclerosis in the dorsal aortas of japanese quail selected for cholesterol induced atherosclerosis. the quail were placed on either a control or 0.5% added cholesterol diet at approximately 16 weeks of age. dorsal aortas were collected at 1- or 2-week intervals over a 15-week period after initiating cholesterol feeding. biochemical analysis for d ... | 1999 | 10532686 |
| role of melatonin in the control of growth and growth hormone secretion in poultry. | the pineal hormone melatonin controls reproduction of photoperiodic mammals and is an integral part of the circadian organization in birds. recent findings indicate an involvement of this hormone also in more basic physiological processes, including growth, development, and aging. melatonin may modulate growth in poultry through interaction with transcriptional factors, through interaction with hormones involved in growth control, and by modulation of energy metabolism and decreasing physical ac ... | 1999 | 10527123 |
| heterosis following long-term bidirectional selection for mating frequency in male japanese quail. | reciprocal crosses (sire line shown first and dam line second) among high (h) and low (l) selected lines and the randombred control line (c), which was the base population for the selected lines, were made after 40 generations of bidirectional selection for mating frequency of male japanese quail. significant heterosis for the selected trait was found only in crosses between lines c and l, being 62 and 92% for lc and cl, respectively. heterosis for percentage of maters was present in all crosses ... | 1999 | 10515353 |
| formal properties of the circadian and photoperiodic systems of japanese quail: phase response curve and effects of t-cycles. | a role for the circadian system in photoperiodic time measurement in japanese quail is controversial. the authors undertook studies of the circadian and photoperiodic system of japanese quail to try to identify a role for the circadian system in photoperiodic time measurement. the circadian studies showed that the circadian system acts like a low-amplitude oscillator: it is readily reset by light without significant transients, has a type 0 phase response curve (prc), and has a large range of en ... | 1999 | 10511005 |
| dietary tbto exposure to the japanese quail: relation between exposure period and appearance of reproductive effects. | | 1999 | 10501716 |
| the avian egg as a test system for endocrine disrupters: effects of diethylstilbestrol and ethynylestradiol on sex organ development. | many environmental contaminants are known or suspected to interfere with hormonal function in animals. in vivo test methods to detect and characterize chemicals that disrupt the endocrine system are therefore urgently needed. in this study, we assessed the usefulness of abnormalities of the reproductive organs as test endpoints for estrogenic activity of xenobiotics in japanese quail embryos. two synthetic estrogens, diethylstilbestrol (des) and ethynylestradiol (ee2), were injected into the yol ... | 1999 | 10492898 |
| the effect of branched chain amino acids on protein synthesis in two skeletal muscles of japanese quail. | two different isolated skeletal muscles of japanese quail were used. the influence of branched chain amino acids on the fractional rate of protein synthesis (fsr) was evaluated using 14c-tyrosine. the addition of 0.5 mm valine, leucine or isoleucine to the incubation medium significantly decreased (p<0.05) the value of fsr in extensor metacarpalis radialis. in the ambiens muscle only the application of leucine increased the fsr significantly while valine and isoleucine were without any effect. | 1999 | 10470867 |
| timidity in japanese quail: effects of vitamin c and divergent selection for adrenocortical response. | male japanese quail chicks of two genetic lines selected for low (ls) or high (hs) adrenocortical responses to mechanical restraint were housed in mixed-line groups of 24 in four compartments of a multitier brooder battery at 20 days of age. quail in two of the four compartments were given vitamin c (ascorbyl-2-polyphosphate, app, 1 g l-ascorbic acid/l) solution for 48 h, whereas the other birds received untreated tap water as usual before they were tested at 23 days of age. at test, each quail ... | 1999 | 10463637 |
| chemical analysis of melanin pigments in feather germs of japanese quail bh (black at hatch) mutants. | bh (black at hatch) is a mutation of japanese quails which causes darkening or lightening of the plumage in heterozygotes or homozygotes, respectively. we chemically analyzed melanin pigments in feather germs of bh mutant embryos and in feathers of adult animals. dark brown dorsal feathers of wild-type adult animals had white barrings, but heterozygous ones lacked clear barrings. the feathers of wild-type and heterozygote animals contained both eumelanins and pheomelanins, the latter being more ... | 1999 | 10454294 |
| estrogen receptor-beta in quail: cloning, tissue expression and neuroanatomical distribution. | a partial estrogen receptor-beta (erbeta) cdna had been previously cloned and sequenced in japanese quail. the 3'- and 5'-rapid amplification of cdna ends techniques were used here to identify a cdna sequence of the quail erbeta that contains a complete open reading frame. for the first time in an avian species, this cdna sequence and the corresponding amino acid sequence are described. they are compared with the known erbeta sequences previously described in mammals and with the eralpha sequenc ... | 1999 | 10440733 |
| effects of naloxone on the acquisition and expression of appetitive and consummatory sexual behavior in male japanese quail. | previous studies in japanese quail indicate that central administration of the opioid antagonist naloxone enhances consummatory sexual behavior (csb). this effect could be related either to a decrease in sexual satiety or to previously documented stimulatory effects of naloxone on gnrh. the present studies were performed to investigate these two possibilities and to explore for the first time opioid involvement in the expression and acquisition of appetitive aspects of sexual behavior (asb) in c ... | 1999 | 10405104 |
| treating japanese quail with vitamin c does not facilitate their capture by the experimenter. | 1. vitamin c supplementation reduces fear of novel situations and of people. the present study examined its effects on the ease of capture of male japanese quail by the experimenter. 2. at 20 d of age, quail received either vitamin c (ascorbyl-2-polyphosphate, app, 1 g l-ascorbic acid/l) solution or untreated drinking water (udw) for 24 h before they were mixed in 2 groups of 40 (20 app + 20 udw. all the birds in 1 group were caught individually by an unsighted experimenter whereas a sighted cat ... | 1999 | 10405053 |
| effects of phosphate, prostaglandins, arachidonic acid and arginine vasotocin on oviposition and pigment secretion from the shell gland in japanese quail. | 1. phosphate solution, prostaglandin f2alpha and e2, arachidonic acid and arginine vasotocin were injected intrauterinely or intravenously into laying quail hens 6 h before expected oviposition. following injections, induced ovipositions and secretions of pigment from their shell glands were observed. 2. the effects of intrauterine injection with prostaglandins, which induced oviposition and pigment secretion, were not inhibited by pre-injection of indomethacin. 3. indomethacin completely inhibi ... | 1999 | 10405049 |
| neurotoxic effects of 2,5-hexanedione on normal and neurofilament-deficient quail. | the neurotoxic effects of 2,5-hexanedione (2,5-hd) were investigated using neurofilament (nf)-deficient (quv) japanese quail in comparison with normal japanese quail. both quv and normal japanese quail were inoculated intraperitoneally with 350 mg/kg/day 2,5-hd for 6 consecutive wk. the results of 2,5-hd exposure differed substantially between the 2 strains of japanese quail. the 2,5-hd-exposed normal quail showed leg paralysis about 4 wk after initiation of dosing. some treated normal quail fel ... | 2017 | 10356712 |
| the japanese quail as a model system for the investigation of steroid-catecholamine interactions mediating appetitive and consummatory aspects of male sexual behavior. | | 1998 | 10349027 |
| gonadal steroid-dependent neuronal circuitries in avian limbic and preoptic regions. | in the avian limbic and preoptic region, the sexually dimorphic medial preoptic nucleus and nucleus of the stria terminalis are characterized by the presence of a testosterone-dependent aromatase-immunoreactive neuronal population. in situ hybridization studies confirmed that testosterone is modulating the expression of aromatase gene. both nuclei are also characterized by a sexually dimorphic, testosterone-dependent vasotocin system. immunocytochemical and in situ hybridization data, demonstrat ... | 1999 | 10342440 |
| [influence of hypodynamia on organism of japanese quail]. | the present study is a part of a more comprehensive investigation of the spaceflight effects on ontogenesis of the japanese quail. reported are data about the effects of a 33-day immobilization on behavior, physiology and the reproductive function of these birds. as was revealed in the experiment, immobilization reduces the mass of the quail body and leads to a number of reversible disorders in the reproductive function including a sharp decrease in oviposition in females and disturbances in spe ... | 1999 | 10330567 |
| dopamine mediates circadian rhythms of rod-cone dominance in the japanese quail retina. | a circadian clock modulates the functional organization of the japanese quail retina. under conditions of constant darkness, rods dominate electroretinogram (erg) b-wave responses at night, and cones dominate them during the day, yielding a circadian rhythm in retinal sensitivity and rod-cone dominance. the activity of tyrosine hydroxylase, the rate-limiting enzyme in dopamine synthesis, also exhibits a circadian rhythm in the retina with approximately threefold higher levels during the day than ... | 1999 | 10234041 |
| effects of fasting on the circadian body temperature rhythm of japanese quail. | the effect of food deprivation on the body temperature and activity rhythms of quail was assessed in birds exposed to both light-dark (ld) cycles and to continuous darkness (dd). quail normally exhibit a daily rhythm of body temperature in ld that will persist in dd (that is, the rhythm is circadian). in ld, 3 days' food deprivation caused the body temperature to drop below its normal nighttime levels, whereas daytime body temperature was unaffected. in dd, food deprivation caused the body tempe ... | 1999 | 10222486 |
| storage of retinoids and beta-carotene in the genital organs of japanese quail. | the present study was designed to investigate the effect of a one-month feeding of retinyl acetate (ra) on the retinol (rol), retinyl palmitate (rp) and beta-carotene (bc) levels in the blood, testicles and ovarian follicles of adult japanese quails. the basal diet (containing vitamin a at 10 x 10(3) iu/kg) was supplemented with 100 x, 500 x and 1000 x 10(3) iu/kg ra in groups i, ii and iii in both sexes. plasma vitamin a levels rose in all groups. the elevations were caused basically by the rp ... | 1999 | 10213933 |
| regional distribution and control of tyrosine hydroxylase activity in the quail brain. | tyrosine hydroxylase (th) activity, the rate-limiting step in the synthesis of catecholamines, was quantified in the preoptic area-hypothalamus of adult male japanese quail by a new assay measuring the tritiated water production from 3,5-[3h]-l-tyrosine. maximal levels of activity were observed at a 20-25 microm concentration of substrate, with more than 50% inhibition of the activity being recorded at a 100 microm concentration. th activity was linear as a function of the incubation time during ... | 1999 | 10210165 |
| testosterone modulates stimulation-induced calling behavior in japanese quails. | japanese quails have a variety of calling patterns depending on sex and age. sexually mature adult males emit a characteristic crow which has a frequency-modulated acoustical trill element. recently we reported that the intercollicular nucleus of the mesencephalon is the vocal neural system for producing the distress call in untreated chick and the crowing vocalization in testosterone-treated chick in japanese quails. we postulated that the intercollicular nucleus could mediate this testosterone ... | 1999 | 10077861 |
| production of donor-derived offspring by transfer of primordial germ cells in japanese quail. | we transfused concentrated primordial germ cells (pgcs) of the black strain (d: homozygous for the autosomal incomplete dominant gene, d) of quail into the embryos of the wild-type plumage strain (wp: d+/d+) of quail. the recipient quail were raised until sexual maturity and a progeny test of the putative germline chimeras was performed to examine the donor gamete-derived offspring (d/d+). thirty-one percent (36/115) of the transfused quail hatched and 21 (13 females and 8 males) of them reached ... | 1998 | 10067163 |
| apolipoprotein a-i of hyperlipidemia atherosclerosis prone (lap) quail: cdna sequence and tissue expression. | apolipoprotein a-i (apo a-i) has an important role in the transport of cholesterol. this study describes the complete nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence for apo a-i of lap quail. a full length apo a-i cdna clone for hyperlipidemia atherosclerosis prone (lap) quail was isolated from a lambda gt10 liver cdna library. the dna sequence of lap apo a-i cdna was similar to that of normal japanese quail. the deduced amino acid sequence of lap apo a-i was hence identical to that of normal japanes ... | 1999 | 10052118 |
| methods for studying xenoestrogenic effects in birds. | the embryonated bird egg provides a simple whole organism test system that allows examination of xenoestrogenic effects at different levels of biological organisation. test compounds are injected into the yolk, the albumen or the air chamber at defined stages of embryonic development. bioavailability and embryonic exposure may be determined by autoradiography and image analysis. females represent the heterogametic sex (zw) and estrogens determine differentiation into the female phenotype in bird ... | 1998 | 10022333 |
| effects of 6-aminonicotinamide on levels of soluble proteins and enzyme activities in various tissues of japanese quail. | the effects of 6-aminonicotinamide (6-an) on the levels of soluble proteins and enzyme activities in various tissues of japanese quail were investigated. sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that the soluble proteins with molecular masses corresponding to 160.4 and 52.5 kda were either missing or present at lower concentrations in the brain of the 6-an treated group compared to those in the control group. the soluble liver proteins with molecular masses 200, 120 and 70.5 kda were missin ... | 1998 | 9924803 |
| increased heat shock protein expression after stress in japanese quail. | heat shock proteins (hsps) have been shown to provide information on the biological impact of environmental stress to organisms, yet none have investigated the hsp response to stress in birds. japanese quail were exposed to seven different stressors (mild restraint, loud noise, inescapable irritation, cold temperature, isolation in darkness, and two stressful social situations) and expression of hsp30, 60, 70, and 90 in heart, liver, lung, kidney and gonads was examined. tonic immobility (ti) te ... | 1998 | 9876257 |
| measurement of genetic variation within and between japanese quail lines using dna fingerprinting. | the objective of the present experiment was to study genetic variation within and among well-defined japanese quail lines by dna fingerprinting. the japanese quail lines included a randombred control line (r1) and lines developed from r1 by divergent selection over 30 generations for 4-wk bw (hw, lw) and total plasma phosphorus (tpp) (hp, lp), a measure of yolk precursor in the blood. in addition, two sublines (hw-hp, hw-lp) of hw, developed in the ninth generation, were included in the analysis ... | 1998 | 9872574 |
| activation of vitellogenin ii gene expression by steroid hormones in the old japanese quail. | alterations in the basal transcription rates of eukaryotic genes are believed to involve the binding of trans-acting factor(s) with specific dna sequences in the promoter. we show here two interrelated events for the vtgii gene of the old, non-egg laying japanese quail: alterations in the structure of the chromatin encompassing the gene, and binding of trans-acting factors to the promoter of the gene. estradiol/progesterone alone or together cause alterations in the conformation of the chromatin ... | 1998 | 9870615 |
| [development of the device for japanese quail nestlings maintenance in microgravity]. | postembryonic development of the nestlings in microgravity has revealed their capacity for orientation and stabilization of their position in space which called for developing the special devices. under terrestrial laboratory conditions the facility for maintaining the nestlings aged up to 10 days has been developed and tested. the results of tests have indicated that despite the restricted volume of individual cages the nestlings can grow without significant variations from the norm as evidence ... | 1998 | 9858988 |
| dietary cholesterol-induced xanthomatosis in atherosclerosis-susceptible japanese quail (cotunix japonica). | japanese quail of a strain (sus) susceptible to dietary cholesterol-induced atherosclerosis were fed a diet supplemented with cholesterol (0.5% w/w) for 4, 8 or 12 weeks. plasma cholesterol increased significantly from 240-1550 mg/dl at 4 weeks and remained at that concentration for 8 and 12 weeks on the same diet. plasma triglycerides (tgs) increased from 112-384 mg/dl after 4 weeks but showed no significant increases thereafter. striking eruptive xanthomatous lesions were noticed on the feet o ... | 1998 | 9839203 |
| [characteristics of morphogenesis of the japanese quail embryos during microgravity]. | experiments performed in the period of 1995-1996 cooperatively with us investigators within the mir/shuttle and mir/nasa space science projects continued exploration of avian embryogenesis in microgravity. evaluation of japanese quail embryos incubated in spaceflight microgravity showed that for the most part they were normally developed and compliant with duration of incubation. one of the major morphometric characteristics of embryo are its mass and size. comparative analysis of body mass valu ... | 1998 | 9816435 |
| cholinesterase activity in quails of neuropathy caused by organophosphates. | it is known that some organophosphates produce not only well-known acute toxicity but also characteristic delayed neurotoxicity. tri-ortho-tolyl phophate (totp), which was formerly named tri-ortho-cresyl phosphaete (tocp), was first noticed in an incident of poisoning as the compound which produced organophosphate induced delayed neurotoxicity (opidn). it is said that triphenyl phosphite (tpp) is also one of the organophosphates which possesses opidn. however, it is thought that tpp-induced dela ... | 1998 | 9810153 |
| pharmacological characterization, anatomical distribution and sex differences of the non-nmda excitatory amino acid receptors in the quail brain as identified by cnqx binding. | the distribution of non-n-methyl-d-aspartate binding sites was studied in coronal and sagittal sections through the brain of adult japanese quail by quantitative autoradiography, using tritiated 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione as a radioligand. saturation binding experiments were, in addition, carried out in areas showing high levels of binding (cerebellar molecular layer, nucleus anterior medialis and nucleus infundibularis) and demonstrated that the binding of tritiated ligand was specifi ... | 1998 | 9797075 |
| forty generations of bidirectional selection for mating frequency in male japanese quail. | a bidirectional replicated selection experiment for high (h1 and h2) or low (l1 and l2) cumulative number of complete matings (cncm) in male japanese quail was conducted for 40 generations. in the s32 generation, a subline was taken from each selected line and selection was relaxed. in the randombred control line (c), cncm and unselected traits changed significantly over generations. means of the selected lines were adjusted each generation for deviations from the control means. after 40 generat ... | 1998 | 9776052 |
| effects of brain testosterone implants on appetitive and consummatory components of male sexual behavior in japanese quail. | aromatization of testosterone (t) into an estrogen is necessary for the activation of consummatory and appetitive sexual behavior in male japanese quail. t action within the medial preoptic nucleus (pom) is necessary and sufficient to activate consummatory behavior, and some evidence suggests that pom might be involved in the control of appetitive behavior, but other brain regions, such as the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (bst), an area that contains a dense population of aromatase-immuno ... | 1998 | 9766392 |
| effects of niacin deficiency on the levels of soluble proteins and enzyme activities in various tissues of japanese quail. | the effects of niacin deficiency on the levels of soluble proteins and enzyme activities of japanese quail have been investigated. sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that in the pectoral muscle the soluble proteins with molecular masses corresponding to 181, 128, 93, 76, 72, 62, 56, 43, 41, 28 and 20 kda were present in lower amounts but those of 60, 50 and 37 kda were present in higher amounts. in the heart the soluble proteins with a molecular mass of 181 kda were present in lower ... | 1998 | 9744085 |
| induction of circadian rhythm of feeding activity by testosterone implantations in arrhythmic japanese quail males. | studies in vertebrates have shown that hormones can influence circadian rhythms of behavior. we investigated whether testosterone could induce rhythmicity in arrhythmic japanese quail, kept in dd. the animals used were 3 1/2-week-old castrated males from a line of quail selected for the lack of the circadian rhythm of feeding activity. after 3 weeks in dd, 8 birds were implanted with an empty implant and 16 others with a testosterone implant. two weeks later, the operation was repeated. after im ... | 1998 | 9711503 |
| influence of dietary aflatoxin on the severity of coccidial infection in quails. | one hundred-sixty one day old japanese quail-chicks were divided into four groups and kept for 6 weeks. the first group was kept as control. group 2 received 1 ppm of dietary aflatoxin from day zero of chick life till the end of experiment. group 3 was inoculated with 5 x 10(4) sporulated oocysts of eimeria alone. quail-chicks of group 4 were inoculated with coccidial oocysts orally and received aflatoxin in their rations. the combination of aflatoxin and coccidia produced higher mortality rate, ... | 1998 | 9707673 |
| cloning of complementary deoxyribonucleic acid for the follicle-stimulating hormone-beta subunit in the japanese quail. | complementary dna clones encoding the luteinizing hormone-beta and common alpha subunits have been isolated not only in mammals but also in some nonmammalian tetrapod vertebrates. however, cloning of cdna encoding the follicle-stimulating hormone (fsh)-beta subunit is limited to mammals, and no clone for the fsh-beta subunit has been isolated for nonmammalian vertebrates. we report here the isolation and characterization of cdna encoding the fsh-beta subunit precursor molecule in the japanese qu ... | 1998 | 9707483 |
| effects of the neurotoxin 3-acetylpyridine on levels of soluble proteins and enzyme activities in various tissues of japanese quail. | (1) the effects of the neurotoxin 3-acetylpyridine on the levels of soluble proteins and enzyme activities in various tissues of japanese quail were investigated. (2) sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that in the brain the soluble proteins with a molecular mass corresponding to 18 kda were increased in quail treated with this toxin. the soluble liver proteins with the largest molecular masses (200, 120, 98, 80.5 and 58 kda) were either missing or present at lower concentrations in th ... | 1998 | 9675882 |
| genes for polymorphic h1 histones are linked in the japanese quail genome. | in a previous report (pałyga, j., biochem. genet. 29, 431-445, 1991), three subtypes of erythrocyte histone h1 were found to vary in a japanese quail population. while h1.b and h1.z histones were each represented by two electromorphs differing in apparent molecular weights, a polymorphism of histone h1.a was connected with a lack of this protein in some birds. as a genetic basis for this variability was demonstrated only in h1.b, here genetic data are provided which indicate that both h1.a and h ... | 1998 | 9673773 |
| distribution of allelic forms of erythrocyte h1 histones in japanese quail populations divergently selected for amount of weight loss after transient starvation. | three polymorphic subtypes of erythrocyte histone h1 (h1.a, h1.b, and h1.z) were analyzed using a sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel in quail populations divergently selected for a high (line 1) or low (line 2) reduction in body mass following temporary food withdrawal. both h1.b and h1.z histone alleles were found to be differently distributed in these populations during the selection period. the frequency of b1 in line 2 was approximately 1.9-2.8 times lower than in line 1 and approache ... | 1998 | 9673772 |
| circadian rhythm of activity in japanese quail in constant darkness: variability of clarity and possibility of selection. | in conditions of constant darkness, interindividual variability in the clarity of circadian rhythmicity was observed in sexually immature young quail, with birds classified as more or less rhythmic or arrhythmic. the relative clarity of this circadian rhythm was observed on the actograms by measurement of the autocorrelation coefficient ratio over 12 cycles. autocorrelation coefficients were calculated from sequential series of total activity over 12-minute periods. crosses of selected phenotype ... | 1998 | 9653576 |
| early embryonic interaction of retinal pigment epithelium and mesenchymal tissue induces conversion of pigment epithelium to neural retinal fate in the silver mutation of the japanese quail. | the neural retina and retinal pigment epithelium (rpe) diverge from the optic vesicle during early embryonic development. they originate from different portions of the optic vesicle, the more distal part developing as the neural retina and the proximal part as rpe. as the distal part appears to make contact with the epidermis and the proximal part faces mesenchymal tissues, these two portions would encounter different environmental signals. in the present study, an attempt has been made to inves ... | 1998 | 9572359 |
| changes in distribution of glycosaminoglycans during the progression of cholesterol induced atherosclerosis in japanese quail. | the temporal and spatial distribution and relative concentration of the proteoglycan glycosaminoglycan component were studied during the progression of atherosclerosis in the systemic arteries of japanese quail selected for cholesterol induced atherosclerosis (cia). the cia quail were placed on either control or 0.5% added cholesterol diets at 3 months of age. the major systemic arteries (dorsal aorta, right and left brachiocephalic) were collected at 1- or 2-week intervals over the 10-week peri ... | 1998 | 9568737 |
| systemic amyloidosis in laying japanese quail. | systemic amyloidosis was seen in laying japanese quail in a flock of a farm rearing 95,000 birds. the clinical signs included decreased egg production, anorexia, white diarrhea, and subcutaneous abscesses of the head. histologically, amyloid deposited predominantly in the spleen and liver. in addition, there were lesser degrees of amyloidosis in other organs (pancreas, kidney, heart, lung, gastrointestinal tract). amyloid stained positively with congo red and thioflavin t. immunohistochemically, ... | 2006 | 9533104 |
| systemic and intracerebroventricular injections of vasotocin inhibit appetitive and consummatory components of male sexual behavior in japanese quail. | the authors investigated the behavioral actions of vasotocin (vt) in castrated testosterone-treated male japanese quail. the appetitive and consummatory components of sexual behavior as well as the occurrence frequency of crows were inhibited, in a dose-dependent manner, by injections of vt. the authors observed opposite effects after injection of the v1 receptor antagonist, dptyr(me)avp. lower doses of vt were more active after central than after systemic injection, and effects of systemic inje ... | 1998 | 9517831 |
| responses in growth, food intake and food conversion efficiency to different dietary protein concentrations in meat-type lines of japanese quail. | 1. a total of 360 japanese quail of 4 commercial meat-type lines and two diet treatments (260 and 216 g/kg or 238 and 195 g/kg of crude protein (cp) in the starter and grower diet, respectively) were used. 2. the positive effect of a high cp diet on body weight was significant only for the first 4 weeks after hatching. 3. the mean age at inflection point of the growth curve (t+) across lines and sexes was 1.4 d (0.6 to 2.8 d within line/sex groups) earlier for quail fed on a high cp diet than in ... | 1997 | 9511002 |
| the effect of divergent selection for total plasma phosphorus in japanese quail on fearfulness and selected blood and heart parameters. | a selection experiment utilizing japanese quail was initiated to study the genetic relationship of growth and reproduction traits. in this study, lines were selected for increased (hp line) and decreased (lp line) total plasma phosphorus at the beginning of lay. the hp and lp lines were derived from a randombred control population (r1 line) that was maintained with the selected lines to remove environmental variation over generations. during the course of selection, it was observed that blood fr ... | 1998 | 9469745 |
| filtering effect of cone oil droplets detected in the p-iii response spectra of japanese quail. | while absorption spectra of bird cone visual pigments have been well studied, physiological study of bird cone cells has been less advanced owing to their small sizes. we measured the p-iii components of electroretinograms (erg) from isolated retinas of japanese quail. we recorded responses to monochromatic flashes of equal photon numbers, and found that the shape of the response spectrum is dependent on the incident direction of the flashes. the spectrum obtained with the flashes from the corne ... | 1997 | 9415363 |
| conditioned place preference in 12-day-old japanese quail. | four experiments assessed the ability of 12-day-old japanese quail to learn a conditioned place preference (cpp). in experiment 1, immature quail learned to prefer a place paired with normal food over a place paired with tainted food. experiment 2 indicated that this kind of learning can be achieved with as few as 2 days of training. it was discovered in experiment 3 that place preferences can be established with exposure to only one hedonic event. quail learned to prefer a chamber paired with e ... | 1997 | 9413672 |
| gicerin, a cell adhesion molecule, participates in the histogenesis of retina. | gicerin is a novel cell adhesion molecule that belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. gicerin protein adheres to neurite outgrowth factor (nof), an extracellular matrix protein in the laminin family, and also exhibits homophilic adhesion. heterophilic adhesion of gicerin to nof is thought to play an active role in neurite outgrowth of developing retinal cells in vitro. in this study, we examined the adhesion activity of gicerin during the retinal development of japanese quail using an antibo ... | 1997 | 9369150 |
| morphological evidence of ototoxicity of the iron chelator deferoxamine. | recent reports of the role of iron-catalyzed free radical formation in gentamicin ototoxicity and the successful attenuation of gentamicin ototoxicity by iron chelators led us to re-examine experimental material from a previously unpublished study of deferoxamine. deferoxamine was injected i.m. into adult japanese quail at either 300 or 750 mg/kg body weight for 30 days. examination of sections from the basilar papilla at the light microscope level indicated that supporting cells were damaged af ... | 1997 | 9367228 |
| photoperiodically driven changes in fos expression within the basal tuberal hypothalamus and median eminence of japanese quail. | the rapid photoperiodic response in japanese quail is so precise that it allows neural analyses of how photoperiodic information is transduced into an endocrine response. after transfer from short [sd; 6l:18d (6:18 hr light/dark cycle)] to long (ld; 20l:4d) days, luteinizing hormone (lh) first rises 20 hr after dawn. using fos immunocytochemistry, we examined the basal tuberal hypothalamus (bth) to determine the relationship between brain cell activation and the first endocrine changes. two sepa ... | 1997 | 9348357 |
| a direct comparison of photoperiodic time measurement and the circadian system in european starlings and japanese quail. | the extent to which circadian rhythms are involved in photoperiodic time measurement in quail is enigmatic, and earlier investigations have produced results consistent with an hourglass clock or one involving damped circadian oscillators. to address the problem further, the present authors carried out a direct comparison between the clocks in quail and those in starlings. starlings possess strongly self-sustaining circadian oscillators. in experiment 1, comparisons of testicular growth were made ... | 1997 | 9376642 |
| induction of the zenk protein after sexual interactions in male japanese quail. | we mapped cells immunoreactive (ir) for the protein encoded by the immediate early gene zenk in the brains of male japanese quail after they engaged in either appetitive or consummatory sexual behavior (i.e. copulation). castrated males treated with testosterone were either allowed to copulate with a female or exhibited a learned social proximity response indicative of appetitive sexual behavior, and were compared with control males in their home cage or in the experimental chamber but not exhib ... | 1997 | 9376540 |
| differential effects of d1 and d2 dopamine-receptor agonists and antagonists on appetitive and consummatory aspects of male sexual behavior in japanese quail. | pharmacological studies in japanese quail based on behavioral tests with a variety of dopaminergic compounds suggest that the activation of d2 dopamine receptors inhibits, and the activation of d1 dopamine receptors enhances, appetitive and consummatory components of male sexual behavior. this hypothesis was tested by studying the behavioral effects of specific d1 and d2 dopaminergic-receptor agonists and antagonists in castrated male japanese quail chronically treated with exogenous testosteron ... | 1997 | 9272666 |
| in vivo microdialysis studies of pineal and ocular melatonin rhythms in birds. | pineal and retinal melatonin has an important role in the control of avian circadian rhythms. in order to study the mechanisms of circadian rhythms of melatonin synthesis in the pineal and in the eye, in vivo microdialysis was applied to these organs. in both pigeons and japanese quails, pineal and ocular melatonin levels were high during the dark and low during the day under light-dark (ld) cycles. these rhythms persisted under constant dim light (lldim) conditions indicating the circadian natu ... | 2013 | 9500661 |
| antioxidant enzymes and atherosclerosis in japanese quail: heritability and genetic correlation estimates. | to estimate, in male quail susceptible to atherosclerotic plaque formation (sus) fed a regular diet and an atherogenic diet, the genetic and phenotypic parameters associated with antioxidant enzymes and atherogenesis. | 1997 | 9251579 |
| identification of catecholaminergic inputs to and outputs from aromatase-containing brain areas of the japanese quail by tract tracing combined with tyrosine hydroxylase immunocytochemistry. | in the quail brain, aromatase-immunoreactive (aro-ir) neurons located in the medial preoptic nucleus (pom) and caudal paleostriatum ventrale/nucleus accumbens/nucleus striae terminalis complex (pvt/nac/nst) receive catecholaminergic inputs identified by the presence of tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive (th-ir) fibers and punctate structures. the origin of these inputs was analyzed by retrograde tracing with cholera toxin b subunit (ctb) or red latex fluospheres (rlf) combined with th immunocyt ... | 1997 | 9183702 |
| one-trial appetitive conditioning in the sexual behavior system. | one-trial pavlovian conditioning has been demonstrated with aversive reinforcers such as electric shock and lithium chloride. the present experiments using male japanese quail were conducted to determine if an appetitive unconditioned stimulus (us), the opportunity to copulate with a female quail, can also generate one-trial learning. in experiment 1, subjects were exposed to a contextual conditioned stimulus (cs) for 35 sec and then given copulatory opportunity. in experiment 2, male birds were ... | 1997 | 21331831 |
| ease of capture in japanese quail of two lines divergently selected for adrenocortical response to immobilization. | divergent lines of japanese quail have been genetically selected over several generations for a reduced (low stress, ls) or an exaggerated (high stress, hs) plasma corticosterone response to brief mechanical restraint. female quail were housed in one mixed-line group (18ls + 18 hs) in one of the top-tier compartments of a brooder. at 32 d of age, the quail were removed individually by the experimenter, their identity and position in the order of capture were noted, and then they were placed in a ... | 1997 | 9068046 |
| lipoprotein and apoprotein profiles of hyperlipidemic atherosclerosis-prone japanese quail. | the purpose of this study was to characterize the lipoprotein and apoprotein profiles of hyperlipidemic atherosclerosis-prone (hap) japanese quail. hap and commercially available (ca) japanese quail were fed either a semi-purified diet containing 1% cholesterol or a cholesterol-free diet for two weeks. the lipoproteins of ca and hap quail fed cholesterol-free diet were composed of two fractions: densities ranging from 1.02 to 1.09 and from 1.09 to 1.21. the lipoprotein distribution patterns obta ... | 1997 | 9151240 |
| inhibitory role of opioid peptides in the regulation of aggressive and sexual behaviors in male japanese quails. | we have recently isolated three opioid peptides, i.e., met- and leu-enkephalins and met-enkephalin-arg6-phe7, from the avian brain. furthermore, electrophysiological studies have shown that the dominant effect of these enkephalins on preoptic and hypothalamic neurons is an inhibition of neuronal activities in the male japanese quail. the hypothalamus and preoptic area are known to be involved in the control of male reproductive behaviors, such as aggressive and sexual behaviors. to determine the ... | 1997 | 9057316 |
| effects of vasotocin on aggressive behavior in male japanese quail. | | 1997 | 9071374 |
| effects of mating structure in purebred populations on the estimation of crossbreeding parameters. | usually a simple additive-dominance model is considered to be adequate for the explanation of the genetic basis of heterosis. from this model a linear relationship is expected between the heterosis and the degree of heterozygosity of crossbreds. assuming hardy-weinberg equilibrium in parental populations, the increase in heterozygosity of the f1-generation can be calculated from the squared difference of the parental allele frequencies. this increase is halved in secondary crossbred generations ... | 1997 | 21395823 |
| neuroendocrine regulation of gnrh and behavior during aging in birds. | avian species exhibit a great variety of life-long patterns in reproduction. japanese quail are relatively short lived and undergo an age-related loss of reproductive function, making this species an excellent model for the study of the basic biology of aging. because individuals age at variable rates, sexual behavior has provided a useful index to assess reproductive status of individuals of the same chronological age. further, exogenous testosterone restores sexual behavior in reproductively s ... | 1997 | 9370213 |
| unconditional discrimination as a paradigm for investigating visual processing in the avian brainstem. | visual discrimination between colors and patterns was studied in telencephalectomized chicks of japanese quail lines that were artificially selected for early approach preferences for particular colors and patterns. since these preferences are not conditional on prior learning, they provide an effective experimental paradigm to study visual discrimination without reliance on acquired stimulus discrimination. the data indicate that the quail's brainstem-thalamus complex is sufficient for relative ... | 1997 | 9199697 |
| eye and gonad: role in the dual-oscillator circadian system of female japanese quail. | experiments were conducted to determine the anatomic and physiological basis of the dual-oscillator circadian system of female japanese quail. after blocking of ocular light perception by eye-patching, the circadian body temperature rhythm dissociates into two circadian components in continuous lighting (ll). one component free runs with a period significantly shorter than 24 h [mean period (tau) = 22.7 h] and is driven by an ocular pacemaker, whereas the other component free runs with a period ... | 1997 | 9039006 |
| dietary cholesterol metabolism in japanese quail lines selected for plasma cholesterol levels. | dietary cholesterol metabolism was studied, using a single dose of emulsion, per os (test meal), in lines of japanese quail that were divergently selected for high (hl) and low (ll) plasma total cholesterol. the meal contained [3h] cholesterol, [14c] beta-sitosterol, unlabeled cholesterol, triolein, and bile salt. recovery of the nonabsorbable beta-sitosterol in the excreta permitted determination of the percentage of cholesterol absorbed. the amounts of [3h] in the plasma, egg yolks, and the ex ... | 1997 | 9012362 |
| expression of fos-like immunoreactivity in the brain of quail chick emitting the isolation-induced distress calls. | the social isolation intensively induces distress call in neonatal chicks of japanese quail. the brain regions activated during the isolation were mapped using immunocytochemical detection of c-fos (the product of immediate early gene c-fos). fos-like immunoreactivity was observed in a variety of brain regions in isolated chicks that had emitted distress calls. the density of fos-positive cells in dorso-medial mesencephalic areas (including the intercollicular nucleus and the central gray) was m ... | 1996 | 8994225 |
| maturation and ovulation of japanese quail oocytes under in vitro conditions. | 1. an in vitro system for ovulation and maturation of japanese quail oocytes is described. 2. ovarian follicles removed from the ovary at 2, 4 or 6 h before the estimated time of ovulation may ovulate under in vitro conditions. 3. the presence of progesterone in the medium had a stimulatory effect on the process of maturation, as has been shown for xenopus oocytes. | 1996 | 9034583 |
| effects of methyl parathion on reproduction in the japanese quail. | | 1996 | 8875837 |
| tectal neurons that participate in centrifugal control of the quail retina: a morphological study by means of retrograde labeling with biocytin. | an avian retinopetal nucleus, the isthmo-optic nucleus (ion), is known to receive predominant inputs from the ipsilateral optic tectum. we injected biocytin into the ion in the japanese quail, and retrogradely labeled tectal neurons projecting to the isthmo-optic (io) neurons, or the tecto-io neurons, with an extraordinary golgi-like quality. somata of the tecto-io neurons were located in layer 9 of the tectum. the tecto-io neurons did not have apical dendrites extending into superficial retino- ... | 2015 | 8961541 |
| regeneration of myelinated fiber after crush injury is retarded in sciatic nerves of mutant japanese quails deficient in neurofilaments. | regeneration of myelinated fibers in the sciatic nerve 2 weeks after crush injury was studied morphometrically in mutant japanese quails deficient in neurofilaments and in normal quails (controls). there were fewer regenerated myelinated fibers per nerve at 10 mm (r1) and 20 mm (r2) distal to the crush site in mutants than in controls (p < 0.05). both median and maximum diameters were smaller (p < 0.01) in mutants than in controls. on electron microscopy, transverse axonal area and axonal circum ... | 1996 | 8922058 |
| retinal melatonin is not involved in corneal mitotic rhythms in the japanese quail: effects of formoguanamine hydrochloride and eye-lid suture. | relation between retinal melatonin and corneal mitotic rhythms in the japanese quail was investigated in experiments manipulating the ocular physiology by treatments with formoguanamine hydrochloride (fg) and eye-lid suture. in experiment 1, we investigated the effects of fg, which is known to induce photoreceptor degeneration, on retinal melatonin and corneal mitotic rhythms. fg-treatment completely abolished the retinal melatonin rhythms in both ld 12:12 and constant darkness (dd), but the cor ... | 1996 | 8981259 |
| effect of niacin deficiency on the thermal stability of nad- and nadp-dependent dehydrogenases in liver and pectoral muscle of japanese quail. | the objective of this study was to determine whether the concentration of pyridine nucleotides in muscle and liver tissue of quail affected the heat stability of aldolase and selected enzymes involved in the oxidation-reduction of these cofactors. the thermal stability of malic enzyme, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, lactic dehydrogenase, and aldolase in liver, and in pectoral muscle of quail was studied at incubation temperatures ranging from 27 to 60 degrees c. the concentrations of ... | 1996 | 8930142 |
| gluconeogenesis and glucose replacement rate during long-term fasting of japanese quails. | gluconeogenic activity and kinetic parameters of glucose metabolism were estimated during the different phases of prolonged food deprivation in quails. gluconeogenic activity, estimated from the rate of increase of incorporation of h14co-3 into circulating glucose, was significantly higher in fasted quails than in fed birds, whatever the period of food deprivation. however, gluconeogenic activity during phase ii, although higher than in the fed state, was significantly lower than in quails faste ... | 1996 | 8916549 |
| short-term selection for four-week body weight in japanese quail. | japanese quail have been utilized as a research animal to establish genetic relationships that may be present in other poultry species. in this presentation, short-term selection experiments were reviewed. selection intensity appeared to be the most effective in improving bw when selection experiments were compared on a response per generation basis; however, when generation interval was reduced, the response per year was superior despite lower selection intensities for lines selected the same n ... | 1996 | 8893293 |