| habituation by the immature fowl in response to repeated injections of corticotrophin. | | 1979 | 227546 |
| heterogeneity of genetic loci in chickens: analysis of endogenous viral and nonviral genes by cleavage of dna with restriction endonucleases. | restriction endonucleases can be used to define the structure and position of genetic loci for which specific molecular hybridization reagents are available. we have used this approach to compare 18 chicken embryos with respect to several cellular genes; endogenous viral dna related to the replicative genes of avian sarcoma virus (asv) or to rav-o, an endogenous virus of chickens; and sequences related to the transforming (src) gene of asv. each cellular gene eas remarkably homogeneous within ou ... | 1979 | 227605 |
| chicken hematopoietic cells transformed by seven strains of defective avian leukemia viruses display three distinct phenotypes of differentiation. | chicken hematopoietic cells transformed in vitro and in vivo by seven strains of replication-defective avian leukemia viruses were assayed for the expression of six erythroid and five myeloid differentiation parameters, including differentiation-specific surface antigens as detected by newly developed antisera. the transformed cells were found to display three distinct phenotypes of differentiation. first, cells transformed by aev resemble erythroblasts. they express heme, globin, carbonic anhyd ... | 1979 | 227607 |
| the asymmetric segregation of parental nucleosomes during chrosome replication. | sv40 dna replicated in the presence of cycloheximide was more sensitive to staphylococcal nuclease digestion and had a lower superhelical density than viral dna replicated in the absence of this drug. these data indicate that fewer nucleosomes are associated with progeny sv40 dna molecules after dna replication in the absence of protein synthesis and that these nucleosomes are derived from the parental histones. we designed an experiment to determine whether these parental sv40 nucleosomes segre ... | 1979 | 227608 |
| the effect of factors causing induction of dna breaks on transfection of chicken cells by the xc dna, and the kinetics of appearance of virus-producing cells after transfection. | the effect of budr and 4nqo treatment of the recipient chicken fibroblast cultures on the efficiency of transfection by the xc dna was investigated. the efficiency of transfection was 2-fold higher when the recipient cultures were incubated in the presence of 10 micrograms budr/ml in medium 199 (48%) than when cultures were not treated (25%). the efficiency was not further increased by exposure of budr-treated cultures to visible light for 20 min (31%). growth of budr-treated cultures decreased ... | 1979 | 227755 |
| functional differentiation of the embryonic chicken pituitary gland studied by immunohistological approach. | | 1979 | 227768 |
| in vitro replication of infectious bursal disease virus in established lymphoid cell lines and chicken b lymphocytes. | the in vitro susceptibility of chicken lymphocytes to a wild strains of infectious bursal disease virus was investigated by using immunofluorescence and virus assays as infection criteria. a variety of marek's disease lymphoblastoid cell lines, all of thymus (t-cell) origin, were refractory to virus exposure. however, a bursa (b-cell)-derived lymphoblastoid cell line from an avian leukosis virus-induced tumor was highly susceptible. viral antigen appeared in the cytoplasm of 20 to 30% of the cel ... | 1979 | 227789 |
| hemagglutinin mutants of swine influenza virus differing in replication characteristics in their natural host. | in two mutant clones (l and h) of a/nj/11/76 (hsw 1n1) influenza viruses which differ slightly antigenically and markedly in replication characteristics in chicken embryos and madin darby canine kidney cells, these pleiotropic differences are mediated by mutation in the hemagglutinin gene (e. d. kilbourne, proc. natl. acad. sci. u.s.a. 75:6258--6262, 1978). experimental infection of swine with either the mutant l and h clones or recombinant viruses differing genetically only with respect to the ... | 1979 | 227792 |
| depression of vaccinal immunity to marek's disease by infection with reticuloendotheliosis virus. | the effect of infection with low-virulence, tissue culture-propagated strains of reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) on protective vaccinal immunity against marek's disease (md) lymphomas was investigated. vaccinated chickens inoculated at hatching with greater than 10(4) focus-forming units of rev and challenged with md virus were poorly protected against md lesion development as indicated by protective indices of 53 to 79% for strain cs (p less than 0.05) and 42 to 49% for strain t (p less than ... | 1979 | 227800 |
| isolation of the domain containing the molybdenum, iron-sulfur i, and iron-sulfur ii centers of chicken liver xanthine dehydrogenase. | chicken liver xanthine dehydrogenase, like other xanthine-oxidizing enzymes, is a dimer of mr = 150,000 subunits. each subunit contains one molybdenum, one fad, and two distinct fe2s2 centers. treatment with a number of proteases shows that the native enzyme subunit is cleaved at three distinct sites. however, the cleavage products can be separated only under denaturing conditions. prolonged treatment with subtilisin at ph 10.1 has permitted the isolation of an mr = 65,000 catalytically active f ... | 1979 | 227849 |
| procollagen propeptide release by procollagen peptidases and bacterial collagenase. | | 1979 | 227857 |
| conservation of microtubule associated proteins. isolation and characterization of tau and the high molecular weight microtubule associated protein from chicken brain and from mouse fibroblasts and comparison to the corresponding mammalian brain proteins. | | 1979 | 227904 |
| skeletal muscle calcium metabolism and contractile force in vitamin d-deficient chicks. | the myopathy associated with vitamin d deficiency has not been well characterized, and it is not known if weakness is a result of a specific effect of vitamin d deficiency on skeletal muscle. chicks were raised from hatching on a vitamin d-deficient diet, and by 3 wk of age were hypocalcemic and appeared weak. tension generated by triceps surae during repetitive stimulation of posterior tibial nerve was significantly less than that developed by chicks given vitamin d(3) supplements (309 g tensio ... | 1979 | 227925 |
| the influence of defective-interfering particles of the pr-8 strain of influenza a virus on the pathogenesis of pulmonary infection in mice. | homologous autointerference mediated by defective-interfering (di) particles was first described with the pr-8 strain of influenza virus. however, little is actually known about the influence of di particles of influenza virus on the pathogenesis of pulmonary infection. the present studies were designed to determine (1) the requirements for successful autointerference in vivo with di particle-enriched pr-8 influenza virus and (2) the effects of di particle-enriched virus on the development and p ... | 1979 | 227968 |
| new procedure for isolation of rous sarcoma virus-specific rna from infected cells. | the use of mercurated "strong stop" complementary dna (complementary to the 5'-terminal 101 nucleotides of rous sarcoma virus rna) in the isolation of virus-specific rna from infected chicken embryo fibroblasts is described. strong stop rous sarcoma virus complementary dna was mercurated chemically, and, as a result of the low complexity of this dna, short hybridization times (up to 15 min) and heating in the absence of formamide were found to be adequate conditions for the isolation of virus-sp ... | 1979 | 228062 |
| evidence for the identity of shared 5'-terminal sequences between genome rna and subgenomic mrna's of b77 avian sarcoma virus. | the polyribosomal fraction from chicken embryo fibroblasts infected with b77 avian sarcoma virus contained 38s, 28s, and 21s virus-specific rnas in which sequences identical to the 5'-terminal 101 bases of the 38s genome rna were present. the only polyadenylic acid-containing rna species with 5' sequences which was detectable in purified virions had a sedimentation coefficient of 38s. this evidence is consistent with the hypothesis that a leader sequence derived from the 5' terminus of the rna i ... | 1979 | 228077 |
| analysis of the src gene of sarcoma viruses generated by recombination between transformation-defective mutants and quail cellular sequences. | tumors were produced in quails about 2 months after injection with a transformation-defective mutant of the schmidt-ruppin strain of rous sarcoma virus, subgroup a (sr-a), that retains a small portion of the src gene. sarcoma viruses were isolated from each of five such tumors. a transformation-defective mutant which has a nearly complete deletion of the src gene was unable to induce tumors. the avian sarcoma viruses recovered from quail tumors (rasv-q) had biological properties similar to those ... | 1979 | 228078 |
| biophysical and biochemical characterization of five animal viruses with bisegmented double-stranded rna genomes. | infectious pancreatic necrosis virus of fish, infectious bursal disease virus of chickens, tellina virus and oyster virus of bivalve molluscs, and drosophila x virus of drosophila melanogaster are naked icosahedral viruses with an electron microscopic diameter of 58 to 60 nm. the genome of each of these viruses consists of two segments of double-stranded rna (molecular weight range between 2.6 x 10(6) and 2.2 x 10(6), and the virion, capsid proteins fall into three size class categories (large, ... | 1979 | 228080 |
| inhibitory effects of macrophages against marek's disease virus plaque formation in chicken kidney cell cultures. | inhibition of plaque formation by marek's disease virus (mdv) in chicken kidney cell cultures was investigated with the use of peritoneal exudate cells (pec) from chickens. pec from mdv-infected white leghorn chickens inhibited the formation of mdv plaques, whereas the inhibitory effect of pec from chickens vaccinated with herpesvirus of turkey (hvt) or pec from normal chickens was very weak. however, pec from either normal chickens or hvt-vaccinated chickens inhibited the mdv plaque formation i ... | 1979 | 228107 |
| activation of the alternative pathway of guinea pig complement by sendai virus-treated cells. | | 1979 | 228167 |
| [dna fragmentation of chicken adenovirus celo by specific endonucleases r. hpai, r. ecori, r. hindiii]. | the effect of specific endonucleases on dna chiken adenovirus celo was studed. it was shown that endonucleases r. hpai, r. ecori and r. hindiii cleaved viral dna into 5,7 and 9 specific fragments, respectively. the sequence of fragments (physical map) was determined and found to be: d-a-e-c-b for enzyme r. hpai; b-(eg)-c-a-d-f for enzyme r. ecori; h-f-a-c-g-b-d-e-i for enzyme r. hindiii. | 1979 | 228178 |
| endogenous viral genes are non-essential in the chicken. | dna sequences homologous to the genomes of type c retroviruses are widespread among vertebrates. ten genetic loci containing endogenous viral dna sequences have been documented in the white leghorn chicken alone. six of these genetic loci are associated with the production of virus or of viral proteins in embryonic fibroblasts (refs 2--4, and s.m.a., l, b. crittenden and e.g.b., in preparation) and one of the loci may be expressed in the erythroblasts of 5-day-old embryos. the abiquitous presenc ... | 1979 | 228201 |
| transformation by rous sarcoma virus: effects of src gene expression on the synthesis and phosphorylation of cellular polypeptides. | infection of chicken embryo fibroblasts by rous sarcoma virus induces a variety of alterations in cellular growth and morphology. we have used two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to examine the effects of viral transformation on the pattern of synthesis and phosphorylation of cellular polypeptides. infection by rous sarcoma virus does not appear to induce the de novo synthesis, or the complete suppression, of any of the [35s]methionine-labeled cellular polypeptides that can be res ... | 1979 | 228282 |
| neuronal depolarization and the inhibition of short-term memory formation. | | 1979 | 228330 |
| replication of turkey herpesvirus and marek's disease virus in chick embryo skin organ culture. | turkey herpesvirus (hvt) and an attenuated marek's disease virus (mdv) replicated in organ cultures of chick embryo skin as assessed by immunofluorescence and/or electron microscopy. hvt-specific immunofluorescent antigen was detected in the feather follicle epithelium (ffe) and in the surface layer of the skin epidermis. electron microscopy of infected explants revealed herpes-type cytopathology. immature particles of both viruses appeared first in the nucleus. oval or horseshoe-shaped non-enve ... | 1979 | 228368 |
| [interferon-producing activity of bone marrow cells treated with mrna for interferon when transplanted to irradiated mice]. | inoculation into irradiated (800--850 r) mice of syngeneic bone marrow cells treated with mrna for interferon (mrna-if) obtained from chick cells induced with uv-irradiated newcastle disease virus was accompanied by the appearance in the blood of the animals of a substance with the properties of interferon, inhibiting the cytopathic effect of vesicular stomatitis virus in chick embryo cells but not in mouse l cells. chicken interferon was detected in the blood of the experimental animals for 7-- ... | 1979 | 228497 |
| studies on avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). iii. interferon induction by and sensitivity to interferon of ibv. | the induction of interferon by avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and the sensitivity of ibv to interferon were studied. the results of experiments with ten ibv strains are summarized as follows. 1. all the ibv strains tested induced interferon in chick embryo (ce) cells, chicken kidney (ck) cells and embryonated eggs. the iowa-609 strain induced about 1000 units of interferon in ce cells while the beaudette-42 strain induced about 200 units of interferon in embryonated eggs; the interferon ... | 1979 | 228636 |
| biochemical studies with infectious bursal disease virus: comparison of some of its properties with infectious pancreatic necrosis virus. | infectious bursal disease (ibd) virus was purified from the bursae of infected chickens. two morphologically indistinguishable populations of virus particles were separated in sucrose gradients and possessed sedimentation coefficients of 295s and 460s. both populations contained rna and had identical polypeptide compositions. ibd virus banded at a density of 1.31 g/ml in cscl and at 1.24 g/ml in sodium potassium tartrate. ibd virus contained two rna segments with mol. wts. of 2.4x10(6) and 2.2x1 ... | 1979 | 228637 |
| effect of vitamin d deficiency on bone formation in the chick. | 1. the process of diaphyseal bone formation can be investigated by studying the rate of incorporation of radioactive precursors, administered in vivo into bone fractions of increasing density. 2. in the 4-week-old vitamin d-treated chick most of the osteoid becomes calcified within 12h and almost all within 2 days. the low-density calcified phase that is formed is converted into a higher density form and within 7 days the greater proportion of the calcified tissue is in the higher density form. ... | 1979 | 228653 |
| 25-hydroxyvitamin d3 26,23-lactone: a new in vivo metabolite of vitamin d. | a major vitamin d metabolite was isolated in pure form from the blood plasma of chicks either maintenance levels or large doses of vitamin d3. the isolation involved methanol-chloroform extraction and five column chromatographic procedures. the metabolite purification and elution position on these columns were followed by a competitive protein binding assay. the metabolite was identified, using high- and low-resolution mass spectrometry, 270-mhz proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry, ul ... | 1979 | 228698 |
| marek's disease lymphoma of chicken and its causative herpesvirus. | | 1979 | 228727 |
| chicken liver amidophosphoribosyltransferase. ligand-induced alterations in molecular properties. | a homogeneous amidophosphoribosyltransferase (ec 2.4.2.14) preparation, which was sensitive to purine nucleotide inhibitors, was obtained from chicken liver. from the result of sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the subunit weight was estimated to be approximately 58 000. in tris-hcl buffer, the predominant form of the enzyme had an s20,w of 6.5, strokes radius of 40 a, and estimated molecular weight of 110 000. incubation with 5-phosphoribosyl 1-pyrophosphate or pi resul ... | 1979 | 228744 |
| contrasting effects on bone formation and on fracture healing of cholecalciferol and of 1 alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol. | | 1979 | 228817 |
| the influence of cell type on the production of filaments by herpes simplex virus type 2. | | 1979 | 228892 |
| turkey herpesvirus and marek's disease virus. a comparative appraisal. | | 1979 | 228905 |
| studies on genetic resistance of chickens to marek's disease--a review. | | 1979 | 228906 |
| microtubules and the agglutination and fusion of chicken erythrocytes by sendai virus [proceedings]. | | 1979 | 229043 |
| isolation of an acidic peptide from pyruvate kinase type m2 of chicken liver containing the phosphate acceptor site for a cyclic-amp-independent protein. | | 1979 | 229070 |
| non-specific effects of avian retrovirus co-incubation on lymphocyte function: abrogation of antigen- and mitogen-induced proliferative responsiveness. | peripheral blood lymphocytes from chickens bearing tumours induced by avian retroviruses can be stimulated to divide by group-specific antigens present in supernatant fluids of avian retrovirus-infected but not normal chicken embryo fibroblast (cef) cells. centrifugation studies revealed that the relevant antigenic activity is non-virion in nature. indeed, the presence of avian retrovirus particles was found to be inhibitory to the capacity of sensitized lymphocytes to be stimulated in this anti ... | 1979 | 229075 |
| restriction of patching of bound concanavalin a after incorporation of arachidonic acid into the plasma membrane of virally transformed fibroblasts. | topographical distribution of concanavalin a binding sites (cabs) was studied in two lines of virally transformed fibroblasts as a function of fatty acid composition. fatty acid composition was manipulated by incubating cells in fatty acid, atp, coa, and delipidated fetal calf serum (fcs). vlm cells grown in medium containing 5% fcs have a clustered cabs distribution. plasma membrane vesicles (pmvs) derived from these cells have an arachidonate content of 1.7%. elevation of pmv arachidonate to 1 ... | 1979 | 229111 |
| regulation of the proliferative response in rous sarcoma virus transformed chicken embryo fibroblasts by serum and multiplication-stimulating activity (msa). | a temperature sensitive mutant of rous sarcoma virus (tsny68) was used to obtain cultures of quiescent virus-infected chicken embryo fibroblasts arrested by serum starvation at the non-permissive temperature. upon shift to the permissive temperature, these cells enter the replicative cell cycle as evidenced by increases in 2-deoxyglucose uptake, 3h-thymidine incorporation and percent labeled nuclei. these changes occur in the absence of serum and the cells become morphologically transformed with ... | 1979 | 229114 |
| antibody to varicella-zoster virus-induced membrane antigen: immunoperoxidase assay with air-dried target cells. | a technique using indirect immunoperoxidase antibody to membrane antigen (ipama) was developed for detection of igg antibody to varicella-zoster virus (vzv). the ipama technique utilizes glass slides with air-dried vzv-infected cells, which can be stored at -70 c and used for several months without loss of sensitivity. antibody titers measured by the ipama technique were comparable to those measured by the technique using indirect fluorescent antibody to membrane antigen (ifama) for sera obtaine ... | 1979 | 229177 |
| a transmissible avian neoplasm. (sarcoma of the common fowl) by peyton rous, m.d., experimental medicine for sept. 1, 1910, vol. 12, pp.696-705. | in this paper is reported the first avian tumor that has proved transplantable to other individuals. it is a spindle-celled sarcoma of the hen, which thus far has been propagated into its fourth tumor generation. this was accomplished by the use of fowls of pure blood from the small, intimately related stock in which the growth occurred. market-bought fowls of similar variety have shown themselves insusceptible, as have fowls of mixed breed, pigeons and guinea-pigs. the percentage of successful ... | 1979 | 229185 |
| pathology of naturally occurring vitamin d3-deficient rickets in growing broiler chickens in japan. | | 1979 | 229289 |
| purification and characterization of the chick oviduct progesterone receptor a subunit. | | 1979 | 229346 |
| circadian rhythms of indoleamines and serotonin n-acetyltransferase activity in the pineal gland. | | 1979 | 229406 |
| mutant avian erythroblastosis virus with restricted target cell specificity. | avian erythroblastosis virus (aev) induces a fatal erythroblastosis within 2 weeks of intravenous injection in chicks in virtually 100% of cases. in chicks injected intramuscularly, sarcomas frequently develop at the site of injection before the animals die from erythroblastosis. in vitro, aev transforms both erythroblasts, derived from bone marrow cultures, and fibroblasts. these effects have been shown to be a general property of aev and not of separate leukaemia- and sarcoma-inducing forms of ... | 1979 | 229419 |
| a serological survey for the presence of antibodies to 'egg-drop-syndrome-1976' adenovirus. | | 1979 | 229445 |
| genetic nature of regression of rous sarcoma virus-induced tumors in crosses of regional poultry research laboratory lines 6 and 7(2). | regional poultry research laboratory (rprl) inbred lines 6(1), 6(3), and 7(2) and f1, f2, and reciprocal backcross progenies of these lines were used to investigate host-gene effects upon the regression of rous sarcoma virus (rsv)-induced tumors. lines 6(1) and 6(3) were susceptible to subgroup a and c lymphoid leukosis (ll) viruses and line 7(2) was resistant to subgroup a but was segregating for susceptibility to subgroup c ll virus. viruses of rsv subgroups a and c were used. lines 6(1), 6(3) ... | 1979 | 229477 |
| development of gluconeogenic, glycolytic, and pentose-shunt enzymes in the chicken kidney. | the activities of the key gluconeogenic, glycolytic, and pentose-shunt enzymes in chicken kidney were determined starting from 8 days before to 58 days after hatching. the activities of pyruvate carboxylase (pc), mitochondrial and cytosolic phosphoenolypruvate carboxykinase (pepck), fructose-1,6-diphosphatase (fdpase) and glucose-6-phosphatase (g6pase) were low in the embryonic tissue but increased towards the time of hatching. after hatching, the activities of pc, mitochondrial pepck, and g6pas ... | 1979 | 229478 |
| [rapid biological method for assessing d-vitamin supply of chicks]. | a segment of the small intestine of chicks turned inside out and pulled on a glass rod was placed into a buffer solution. the ca2+ consumption from the solution was monitored, using the color murexide reaction. the ca2+ binding during the first 5 min was much higher in the chicks well supplied with d-vitamin than in the d-vitamin deficient chicks. the level of binding was determined by the content of specific calcium-binding protein in the intestinal mucosa. a close correlation between the dosag ... | 1979 | 229480 |
| the ovalbumin gene: organization, structure, transcription, and regulation. | | 1979 | 229523 |
| comparison of duration of immunity in chickens infected with a live infectious bronchitis vaccine by three different routes. | three groups of chicks were vaccinated by aerosol, intra-ocular and drinking water routes with a live infectious bronchitis (ib) vaccine. at one, two, six, 15 and 32 weeks after vaccination five birds from each group were sampled for testing for ib haemagglutination-inhibiting (hi) antibodies and challenged. assessment of susceptibility to infection was measured by recovery of virus from individual tracheas and from kidney and gonad pools four days after challenge. virus was isolated from all ki ... | 1979 | 229532 |
| the replication of subgroup e avian retroviruses is blocked at or before viral dna synthesis in restrictive chicken cells. | | 1979 | 229631 |
| comparative pathogenesis studies with oncogenic and nononcogenic marek's disease viruses and turkey herpesvirus. | an apparently nononcogenic marek's disease virus (sb-1) and turkey herpesvirus could be readily isolated from spleen, bursa of fabricius, thymus, and peripheral blood lymphocytes of chickens beginning 4 to 6 days after inoculation, but unlike infections with two isolates of oncogenic marek's disease virus (jm-10 and cu-2), virus replication in these cells was rare, and necrosis in the organs was essentially absent. splenic enlargement was observed regularly during the first 4 to 11 days after in ... | 1979 | 229747 |
| inhibition and enhancement of avian adenovirus plaque production by heavy and light avian adenovirus-associated viral particles. | the effect of heavy and light avian adenovirus-associated viral (a-av) particles on the replication of several adenovirus serotypes was studied in chicken embryo kidney cells. there was a significant decrease (p less than 0.05) in the number and size of adenovirus-induced plaques at a-av multiplicities of infection greater than 40. enhancement of plaque production was observed when a-av multiplicities of infection were 1 to 40. there was a significant increase in the number and size of infective ... | 1979 | 229748 |
| on the nucleotide binding domain of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase. | | 1979 | 229770 |
| an outbreak of disease in pigeons associated with a herpesvirus. | an outbreak of disease in young pigeons associated with a herpesvirus is reported. the clinical history, macroscopic and microscopic appearance of lesions and virus isolation are described. most affected birds showed lesions in the upper alimentary tract epithelium as well as in skin, nasal mucosa and salivary glands. lesions in liver, spleen and pancreas were uncommon. a herpesvirus capable of producing cpe on tissue culture and lesions on chorioallantoic membrane of developing chicken embryos ... | 1979 | 229817 |
| effect of vitamin d on the content of the stable crosslink, pyridinoline, in chick bone collagen. | | 1979 | 229843 |
| observation of 17o effects on mov epr spectra in sulfite oxidase, xanthine dehydrogenase, and moo(sc6h5)4-. | | 1979 | 229850 |
| calcium and cyclic nucleotide dependent regulatory mechanisms during development of chick embryo skeletal muscle. | | 1979 | 229890 |
| covalent structure of collagen: amino acid sequence of alpha 2-cb5 of chick skin collagen containing the animal collagenase cleavage site. | the amino acid sequence of the 112 residues from the amino terminus of alpha 2-cb5 from chick skin collagen was determined by automated sequential degradation of intact alpha 2-cb5 and several chymotryptic and tryptic peptides. this segment of the peptide includes the site of the action of animal collagenases. as compared to the sequence around the alpha 1 cleavage site, the alpha 2 sequence is notable for the remarkable constancy of the residues to the amino side and the relative abundance of h ... | 1979 | 229892 |
| effects of the sex steroid hormones and vitamin d3 on calcium-binding proteins in the chick shell gland. | | 1979 | 229921 |
| differences between the endogenous and exogenous dna sequences of rous-associated virus-o. | dna sequences related to the endogenous retrovirus of chickens, rous-associated virus-o (rav-o), have been examined using site-specific dna endonuclease analysis of cellular dna derived from line 15 and line 100 chickens. individual embryos from both inbred lines were used as a source of embryonic fibroblasts from which cellular dna was isolated. analysis of dna containing either endogenous rav-o sequences alone or both endogenous and exogenous rav-o sequences produced identical patterns of rav- ... | 1979 | 229967 |
| on epizootiology and control of lymphoid leukosis in chickens. | | 1978 | 230009 |
| investigation of cholecalciferol-dependent protein biosynthesis in the cytosol of the small intestine of the rachitic chick. | | 1979 | 230079 |
| the action of pancreatic hormones on the cyclic amp content of isolated chicken hepatocytes. | | 1979 | 230121 |
| possible mechanisms for the increased sensitivity to glucagon and catecholamines of chicken adipose tissue during hatching. | | 1979 | 230122 |
| possible role of myosin light-chain phosphatase in the relaxation of chicken gizzard muscle. | | 1979 | 230182 |
| acute control of fatty acid synthesis by cyclic amp in the chick liver cell: possible site of inhibition of citrate formation. | glucagon and n,(6)o(2)-dibutyryl cyclic adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (bt(2)camp) inhibit fatty acid synthesis from acetate by more than 90% and prevent citrate formation in chick hepatocytes metabolizing glucose. with substrates that enter glycolysis at or below triose-phosphates, e.g., fructose, lactate, or pyruvate, bt(2)camp has no effect on the citrate level and its inhibitory effect on fatty acid synthesis is substantially reversed. because acetyl-coa carboxylase requires a tricarbo ... | 1979 | 230268 |
| intracellular state of marek's disease virus dna in two tumour-derived chicken cell lines. | | 1979 | 230282 |
| comparative studies on marek's disease virus and herpesvirus of turkey dnas. | dna of marek's disease virus (mdv) was compared to that of herpes virus of turkey (hvt). centrifugation of the two virus dnas in neutral glycerol and cscl density gradients showed that the mdv genome was slightly larger than that of hvt and that the buoyant density (1.705 g/ml) of mdv dna in cscl gradients was slightly lower than that (1.707 g/ml) of hvt dna. mdv and hvt dnas were digested with either ecori or hindiii restriction endonuclease and analysed by 0.5% agarose gel electrophoresis. the ... | 1979 | 230299 |
| the influence of host adaptation of rous sarcoma virus on the transfecting activity of its dna provirus. | mammalian cells transformed with either prague strain rous sarcoma virus of subgroup c (xc cells) or schmidt-ruppin strain rous sarcoma virus of subgroup d (rsch cells) yielded virus upon fusion with chick cells. virus was also rescued by transfection of dna from these cells on to chick cells. however, virus rescue did not occur upon transfection of duck cells, and fusion with duck cells led to virus rescue only from rsch and not from xc cells. to investigate this restriction on the duck cells t ... | 1979 | 230300 |
| pox infection among captive peacocks. | an outbreak of avian pox was detected among captive peacocks (pavo cristatus) at baghdad zoological park during spring, 1978. a total of 45 of the 60 birds in the aviary developed pox lesions around the beaks and eyes. morbidity was 75% and mortality was 13%. a virus isolated from the skin lesions produced large plaques on the chorioallantoic membrane of developing chicken embryos and induced cytopathic effect characteristic for pox viruses in chicken embryo cell cultures. the virus neither haem ... | 1979 | 230366 |
| experimental transmission of fowl pox by culicoides arakawae. | | 1979 | 230416 |
| increased susceptibility of leukemia-infected chickens to marek's disease. | intramuscular (i.m.) injection of rav-49 into 1--3 day-old chickens infected with marek's disease herpes virus (mdhv) by contact led to exceedingly high rate of marek's disease (md) incidence. according to the data obtained in three experiments 52 out of 108 (48.1%) chickens fell ill in this group. while in the group uninfected with rav-49 but contactly infected with mdv-kekava there were only 11 out of 102, (10.7%) incidences. simultaneous inoculations of rav-49 and mdv had no effect on md morb ... | 1979 | 230419 |
| purification of the mrna for chicken very low density lipoproteinii and molecular cloning of its full-length double-stranded cdna. | the mrna coding for the small apo-very low density lipoprotein (apo-vldlii) from chicken serum was highly enriched by oligo(dt) chromatography and preparative gel electrophoresis of estrogenised liver rna. double-stranded cdna was synthesised by the subsequent actions of reverse transcriptase and dna polymerase, and used for a preliminary characterisation of the structural gene. molecular cloning of dc-tailed ds-cdna into the pst i site of plasmid pbr 322 yielded several recombinant clones. five ... | 1979 | 230463 |
| experimental evidence for asymmetrical shielding of nucleosomal dna by histones. | electron spin resonance study of mn (ii) binding to chromatin and derivatives, including core particles, shows that mn (ii) is a good probe for testing the overall electrostatic balance of the nucleoproteic complex as well as dna accessibility. experimental results are in good agreement with a recent model proposed (mirzabekov a. d. and rich a. (1979) proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 76, 1118-1121), for the core particle, in which an asymmetrical shielding of dna by the protein core is assumed. furthe ... | 1979 | 230466 |
| intracellular distribution of hepatic and renal gluconeogenic enzymes in embryonic and growing chickens. | the intracellular distribution of hepatic and renal gluconeogenic enzymes in 20-day-old chicken embryos and 4-week-old chickens (gallus domesticus: new hampshire male x columbian female) has been studied. pyruvate carboxylase, fructose-1,6-diphosphatase, and glucose-6-phosphatase were found primarily in the mitochondrial, cytosolic, and microsomal fractions, respectively. phosphenolpyruvate carboxykinase was present not only in the mitochondria but also in the cytosol of the chicken liver and th ... | 1979 | 230468 |
| purification of chicken intestinal receptor for 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d. | the 3.3s chicken intestinal receptor for 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d [1,25-(oh)2d] has been purified approximately 86,000-fold from the cytosolic fraction. the receptor was selectively precipitated with polymin p from high-speed supernatants derived from 800 g of intestinal mucosa and then sequentially chromatographed on dna-cellulose. sephacryl, blue dextran-sepharose, dna-cellulose, and heparin-sepharose. polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of 8-10 microgram of the purified receptor in sodium dodec ... | 1979 | 230478 |
| chromosome 1 contains the endogenous rav-0 retrovirus sequences in chicken cells. | we have developed a structurally unique probe which can be used to determine the chromosomal location of nonreiterated genes in vertebrate organisms by the method of in situ hybridization. the probe consists of several specific rna molecules attached by means of poly(a) . poly(brdurd) hybrids to 125i-labeled dna of high molecular weight. the probe can be synthesized with a variety of rna molecules, giving it versatility for detecting a variety of genes irrespective of gene size, copy frequency, ... | 1979 | 230512 |
| unusual features of the oncogenicity of chicken embryo lethal orphan (celo) virus in hamsters. | | 1979 | 230532 |
| measurement of immunosuppression in chickens caused by infectious bursal disease vaccines using brucella abortus strain 19. | the serological response of chicks to brucella abortus strain 19 was monitored over a period of seven weeks to assess the degree of immunosuppression caused by vaccination at one day of age with two infectious bursal disease vaccines. one of the vacy. this vaccine caused severe immunosuppression judged by the minimal serological response following b abortus inoculation. the test also detected a significant delay caused by the other vaccine in the development of the serological response but the m ... | 1979 | 230558 |
| [avian viral infection with a neoplastic evolution: marek's disease]. | | 1979 | 230584 |
| egg transmission of avian adenovirus-associated virus and celo virus during a naturally occurring infection. | both avian adenovirus-associated virus (a-av) and celo virus were isolated from the embryonating eggs of 25-week-old black sex-linked hens during a naturally occurring infection. in the first 7 days of egg collection, a-av was isolated from 10 of 43 (23.2%) embryonating eggs, and celo virus was isolated from 8 of 43 (18.6%) embryonating eggs. both viruses were isolated from six eggs. in the next 16 days of egg collection, a-av and celo virus were coisolated from 1 of 127 (0.8%) eggs; all other s ... | 1979 | 230761 |
| morphologic changes in the bursa of fabricius of chickens after inoculation with infectious bursal disease virus. | sequential morphologic changes in the bursa of fabricius were studied after oral inoculation of 1-day-old chicks with infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv). the epithelial surface morphology was studied by scanning electron microscopy, whereas the ibdv replication was sequentially followed by immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy. the earliest detectable changes in the bursal epithelium were evident at postinoculation hour (pih) 48. they were characterized by reduction in numb ... | 1979 | 230768 |
| effects of uranyl lons on neuromuscular transmission of chick biventer cervicis muscle. | | 1979 | 230794 |
| marek's disease in chickens: correlation of marek's disease with nuclear-inclusion formation in feather-follicle epithelium. | the dynamics of nuclear-inclusion (ni) formation in feather-follicle epithelium of chickens inoculated with marek's disease virus (with or without prior immunization with turkey herpesvirus) could be divided into two patterns: 1) transient ni formation at the initial stage postchallenge; and 2) persistent ni formation. incidence of marek's disease was closely correlated with the dynamics of ni formation. active ni formation recurred in chickens showing pattern 2 and was closely related to the in ... | 1979 | 230801 |
| pathogenicity for baby chicks of the g-4260 strain of the picornavirus "avian nephritis virus". | the pathogenicity of the g-4260 strain of picornavirus for day-old chicks was studied by intraperitoneal inoculation. no clinical signs were observed. a mild yellowish-tan discoloration of the kidneys was noticed in necropsy 7 to 21 days after inoculation. mean body weight was significantly lower (p less than 0.01) in inoculated groups than in control groups 7 days after inoculation. in a chronological study on the distribution of the virus in organs, the virus was recovered from various organs, ... | 1979 | 230802 |
| pathological changes in chicks inoculated with the picornavirus "avian nephritis virus". | one-day-old chicks were inoculated intraperitoneally with a newly isolated picornavirus. the inoculated chicks showed no clinical signs until 28 days postinoculation (pi), but discoloration of the kidneys was recognized from 7 to 21 days pi at autopsy. histologically, focal lesions were observed in the cortex of the kidneys from 3 to 21 days pi. the lesions were characterized by interstitial lymphocytic infiltration and degeneration of epithelial cells of the proximal convoluted tubules. the deg ... | 1979 | 230803 |
| experimental infection of broiler and leghorn chickens with virulent and avirulent isolates of hemorrhagic enteritis virus. | the effects of virulent and avirulent isolates of hemorrhagic enteritis virus were studied in leghorn and broiler chickens. the viruses caused subclinical infections in both strains of birds. the avirulent isolate produced enlarged spleens, inclusion bodies, and antibody in all inoculated leghorns. in broilers the avirulent virus produced infection in only half of the inoculated birds. inclusion bodies were widely dispersed in the spleens of both types of birds. the virulent virus produced infec ... | 1979 | 230804 |
| studies on interferon induction by infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv). ii. interferon production in white leghorn chickens infected with an attenuated or pathogenic isolant of ibdv. | infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) isolants that differed in virulence for chickens, were compared as to: 1) induction of interferon in serum and tissues; and 2) stimulation of ibdv serum antibody. specific-pathogen-free chickens were infected at one day and four weeks of age by the subcutaneous and intranasal routes of inoculation. the pathogenic isolant induced a more generalized interferon response than the attenuated isolant, independent of age or route of inoculation. pathogenic ibdv st ... | 1979 | 230805 |
| low incidence of lymphoid tumors in chickens continuously producing endogenous virus. | a flock of 258 male and 243 female chickens of a cross of regional poultry research laboratory lines 15b and 7(2) were kept in a filtered-air positive-pressure house and observed for tumors from 100 to more than 729 days of age. these birds produced high titers of a subgroup e endogenous virus from the middle of the embryonic incubation period through the end of the experiment. no neoplasms were observed in the males. the females had two neoplasms indistinguishable from lymphoid leukosis and thr ... | 1979 | 230806 |
| an evaluation of methods for eradication of avian leukosis virus from a commercial breeder flock. | two trials were conducted to determine whether lymphoid leukosis virus (llv) could be eradicated from chicken breeder stocks in one generation. dams were selected as potentially virus-free parents on the basis of negative tests for virus in progeny embryos (trial 1) or in vaginal-cloacal swabs (vcs) (trial 2) of the dams. in trial 1, 8 of 12 groups of chickens hatched from selected breeders remained free of llv infection through 36 weeks of life. in trial 2, vcs appeared to be more efficient in ... | 1979 | 230807 |
| an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detecting avian leukosis-sarcoma viruses. | immunoglobulins from antiserum raised against chromatographically purified avian myeloblastosis virus (amv) group-specific (gs) antigens were used in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). readily discernible color was produced with 2--3 ng of amv protein in microplate wells coated with 4 micrograms of salt-precipitated immunoglobulins. when a biological assay, i.e., phenotypic mixing (pm), was the criterion for the infectious status of specimens, the elisa consistently identified a greater ... | 1979 | 230808 |
| in vitro isolation, propagation, and characterization of duck hepatitis virus type iii. | the in vitro isolation, propagation, and characterization of duck hepatitis virus type iii (dhv-iii), is described. this virus, which is serologically distinct from the classical (type i) dhv, replicated in liver and kidney cell cultures of duck origin. replication was limited in chicken and quail kidney and duck embryo fibroblast cultures. it did not replicate in a variety of other cell cultures of avian or mammalian origin. the virus was grown successfully in embryonating eggs of ducks, but no ... | 1979 | 230809 |
| occurrence of atypical fowlpox in poultry farms in kenya. | atypical fowlpox occurred in several poultry farms in kenya. on two occasions layers had their eyes closed and egg production dropped. fowlpox virus was isolated from lesions on the inner surfaces of the closed eyelids. other chickens had lesions covered by yellow caseous necrotic material in the mouth, around the epiglottis, and in the trachea and choanae. typical proliferative cutaneous lesions were observed in birds of all ages in other flocks examined. fowlpox virus was recovered from both c ... | 1979 | 230810 |
| influence of epinephrine on the degradation of cyclic amp in chicken erythrocytes. | | 1979 | 230841 |
| cyclic neucleotides in progressive muscular dystrophy. | the authors radioimmunoassayed cyclic nucleotide concentrations in plasma and biopsied muscles of muscular dystrophy and muscles of chicken embryo. c-amp concentrations in plasma were significantly lowered in duchenne-type muscular dystrophy and this lowered degree was correlated with the stage of progression. plasma c-gmp levels were also depressed in duchenne-type dystrophy. in biopsied muscles, c-amp concentrations per milligram of non-collagen protein were within normal limits. therefore, th ... | 1979 | 230969 |
| concanavalin a-induced increase in the membrane fluidity of chicken erythrocytes. | to determine the fluidity of the membrane lipid phase, chicken erythrocytes were labeled with a stearic acid derivative spin label. when chicken erythrocytes were treated with concanavalin a (con a), esr spectra showed a change in the peaks of the labels in membrane lipids, indicating an increase of membrane fluidity. the degree of the increase in fluidity of the membrane lipid phase depended on the valency of the lectin used. tetravalent con a induced an increase of membrane fluidity at a conce ... | 1979 | 231035 |