| characterisation of yeasts isolated from 'nduja of spilinga. | the 'nduja of spilinga protected geographical indication (pgi) is a spreadable italian salami, obtained by using fat (50%), lean of pork (25%), chili pepper (25%) and nacl, stuffed into natural pork casing. its predominant flora is represented by yeasts, reaching at the end of seasoning values of 6 log cfu/g. considering the need to enhance and protect traditional local products, it seemed interesting to carry out a characterisation of yeasts of the 'nduja of spilinga pgi. a total of 127 strains ... | 2014 | 27800341 |
| spontaneous fungal peritonitis in ascites of cardiac origin. | spontaneous fungal peritonitis (sfp) is an infrequent but severe complication most commonly described in patients with liver cirrhosis. we present the first case of culture-proven sfp occurring in cardiogenic ascites. the diagnosis of sfp was clinically challenging as the initial ascites was consistent with the more common diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (sbp). the patient did not respond to antibacterial therapy, however, and the final diagnosis was only made with positive asciti ... | 2017 | 28386572 |
| a case of breakthrough candida parapsilosis fungemia during micafungin therapy for a candida glabrata bloodstream infection. | we describe a case of breakthrough candida parapsilosis fungemia in an 80-year-old woman with pyoderma gangrenosum and rheumatoid arthritis. c. parapsilosis was detected in blood culture while the patient was treated with micafungin for a candida glabrata bloodstream infection. the breakthrough infection was successfully treated with liposomal amphotericin b. | 2017 | 28377868 |
| oral mucositis caused by candida glabrata biofilms: failure of the concomitant use of fluconazole and ascorbic acid. | candida glabrata is becoming one of the most prevalent pathogenic yeasts in cases of oral diseases. mucositis is an recurrent oral infection in immunocompromised patients, and the actual guidelines recommend the use of fluconazole (flu) for many cases. however, the azole resistance by c. glabrata is renowned, causing a reduced therapeutic response, especially when it occurs in biofilms. in this study, we performed an in vitro evaluation of an alternative pharmacotherapy for c. glabrata biofilm i ... | 2017 | 28357061 |
| identification of genetic markers of resistance to echinocandins, azoles and 5-fluorocytosine in candida glabrata by next generation sequencing: a feasibility study. | multi-antifungal drug resistance in candida glabrata is increasing. we examined the feasibility of next generation sequencing (ngs) to investigate the presence of antifungal drug resistance markers in c. glabrata. | 2017 | 28344162 |
| identification of a polysaccharide produced by the pyruvate overproducer candida glabrata cctcc m202019. | candida glabrata has great potential for the accumulation of pyruvate as a preferred strain in pyruvate production by fermentation. however, its substrate conversion rate is relatively low. in this study, a novel polysaccharide containing α-1,4-glucosidic bonds was observed accidentally in screening a high-titer pyruvate strain by atmospheric and room temperature plasma mutagenesis of c. glabrata. chemical analysis of the partially purified polysaccharide s4-c10 showed the main components were 1 ... | 2017 | 28343242 |
| cutaneous septic emboli from candida glabrata in a haematological patient. | | 2017 | 28335079 |
| water quality and antifungal susceptibility of opportunistic yeast pathogens from rivers. | yeasts from water sources have been associated with diseases ranging from superficial mucosal infections to life threatening diseases. the aim of this study was to determine the water quality as well as diversity and antifungal susceptibility of yeasts from two rivers. yeast levels and physico-chemical parameter data were analyzed by principal component analysis to determine correlations between physico-chemical data and yeast levels. yeast morphotypes were identified by biochemical tests and 26 ... | 2017 | 28333048 |
| mechanistic insights underlying tolerance to acetic acid stress in vaginal candida glabrata clinical isolates. | during colonization of the vaginal tract candida glabrata cells are challenged with the presence of acetic acid at a low ph, specially when dysbiosis occurs. to avoid exclusion from this niche c. glabrata cells are expected to evolve efficient adaptive responses to cope with this stress; however, these responses remain largely uncharacterized, especially in vaginal strains. in this work a cohort of 18 vaginal strains and 2 laboratory strains (cbs138 and kue100) were phenotyped for their toleranc ... | 2017 | 28293217 |
| draft genome sequences of candida glabrata isolates 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, and 3b. | here, we report the draft genome sequences of six candida glabrata isolates. the isolates were taken from blood samples from patients after recurrent c. glabrata infection. two isolates were taken from each of three patients a minimum 3 months apart. | 2017 | 28280017 |
| disseminated phaeohyphomycosis in a dog. | phaeohyphomycosis is a rare but emerging disease caused by dematiaceous fungi. here we describe the case of an immunosuppressed dog with disseminated phaeohyphomycosis secondary to bipolaris spicifera infection. regionally extensive infiltration of the paw pads, skin, myocardium, liver, renal interstitium and diaphragm was identified on histopathology. candida glabrata and fusarium oxysporum were also cultured from multiple sites post-mortem. the dog was treated with fluconazole, itraconazole, t ... | 2017 | 28275534 |
| a risk score for fluconazole failure among patients with candidemia. | background: this study aimed to develop a prediction model to identify patients with candidemia at high risk of failing fluconazole.methods: adult patients in the us with candidemia who received fluconazole during hospitalization were selected from the cerner health facts® database (04/2004-03/2013). fluconazole failure was defined as switching/adding another antifungal, positive candida culture ≥10 days after fluconazole initiation, or death during hospitalization. patients were randomized into ... | 2017 | 28264843 |
| studying the prevalence, species distribution, and detection of in vitro production of phospholipase from candida isolated from cases of invasive candidiasis. | candida spp. have emerged as successful pathogens both in invasive and mucosal infections. c. albicans is the sixth cause of most common nosocomial infections according to studies by the centers for disease control and prevention. a shift toward non-albicans species has been reported. there is a dearth of knowledge regarding the virulence factors of candida, especially from this part of india. the aim was to study the prevalence of candida, speciate, and determine antifungal sensitivity along wi ... | 2017 | 28250619 |
| prevalence, antibiotic susceptibility and characterization of antibiotic resistant genes among carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli and yeast in intestinal flora of cancer patients in north lebanon. | the emergence and spread of carbapenem-resistant bacteria are a significant clinical and public health concern. the aim of the study is to determine the prevalence of intestinal carriage of carbapenem-resistant bacteria and yeasts in cancer patients under chemotherapy. 41 stool samples collected from cancer patients in nini hospital in tripoli, north lebanon have been analyzed. after isolating yeasts and carbapenem-resistant bacteria, a biochemical identification and antimicrobial susceptibility ... | 2017 | 28216021 |
| antifungal activity of lactic acid bacteria strains isolated from natural honey against pathogenic candida species. | the role of lactic acid bacteria (lab) in honey as antifungal activity has received little attention and their mechanism of inhibitory of fungi is not fully understood. in this study, lab were isolated from honey samples from malaysia, libya, saudi arabia, and yemen. twenty-five isolates were confirmed lab by catalase test and gram staining, and were screened for antifungal activity. four lab showed inhibitory activity against candida spp. using the dual agar overlay method. and they were identi ... | 2016 | 28154488 |
| recombinant 3-hydroxy 3-methyl glutaryl-coa reductase from candida glabrata (rec-cghmgr) obtained by heterologous expression, as a novel therapeutic target model for testing synthetic drugs. | the enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl coa reductase (hmgr) is a glycoprotein of the endoplasmic reticulum that participates in the mevalonate pathway, the precursor of cholesterol in human and ergosterol in fungi. this enzyme has three domains: transmembrane, binding, and soluble. in this study, we expressed and purified the soluble fraction of the hmgr enzyme from candida glabrata (cghmgr) in an escherichia coli heterologous system and used it as a model for studying its inhibitory activity. t ... | 2017 | 28138930 |
| cyclodextrin-mediated self-associating chitosan micro-platelets act as a drug booster against candida glabrata mucosal infection in immunocompetent mice. | this study reports design and evaluation of chitosan-based microparticle activity against candida glabrata in vitro and in vivo in immunocompetent mice model artificially maintained in oestrus state. because their flattened shape, chitosan microparticles are called here micro-platelets. they were obtained by self-association of oleoyl chitosan and α-cyclodextrin in water. a mixture of amphotericin b-deoxycholate (fungizone(®), amb-doc) and chitosan micro-platelets gelified with pluronic(®) f127 ... | 2017 | 28130196 |
| a high-throughput screening procedure for enhancing pyruvate production in candida glabrata by random mutagenesis. | candida glabrata is one of the most promising pyruvate producers. a series of experiments was conducted to enhance pyruvate production by c. glabrata via metabolic and genetic engineering. here, a novel screening strategy, which combined atmospheric and room temperature plasma-based random mutagenesis and high-throughput screening (hts), was used to screen for high pyruvate-producing mutants that could use cheap industrial raw materials as nitrogen sources. a high-titer pyruvate producer (h6) wa ... | 2017 | 28120126 |
| analysis of polyphenolic compounds in extracts from leaves of some malus domestica cultivars: antiradical and antimicrobial analysis of these extracts. | in this study, methanol, ethyl acetate, water extracts, and precipitate were obtained from leaves of malus domestica cultivars: golden delicious, jonagold, elstar, ligol, and mutsu. antiradical activity of these extracts was measured using the abts(+∙) radical, and antimicrobial activity was measured with the disk-diffusion method. phenolic compounds were measured with the colorimetric method and identified with high performance liquid chromatography (hplc). the highest antiradical activity was ... | 2016 | 28097143 |
| repeated applications of photodynamic therapy on candida glabrata biofilms formed in acrylic resin polymerized. | previous studies have been suggested that photodynamic therapy (pdt) can be used as an adjuvant treatment for denture stomatitis. in this study, we evaluated the effects of multiple sessions of pdt on candida glabrata biofilms in specimens of polymerized acrylic resin formed after 5 days. subsequently, four applications of pdt were performed on biofilms in 24-h intervals (days 6-9). also, we evaluated two types of pdt, including application of laser and methylene blue or light-emitting diode (le ... | 2017 | 28091850 |
| micafungin: a review in the prophylaxis and treatment of invasive candida infections in paediatric patients. | intravenous micafungin (mycamine(®); funguard(®)), an echinocandin, is approved in the eu for the treatment of invasive candidiasis in children (including neonates) and adolescents (<16 years of age) and as prophylaxis against candida infections in patients undergoing haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (hsct) or who are expected to have neutropenia for ≥10 days. this narrative review focuses on the use of micafungin in paediatric indications approved in the eu, which may vary from those ap ... | 2017 | 28083856 |
| membrane proteomics analysis of the candida glabrata response to 5-flucytosine: unveiling the role and regulation of the drug efflux transporters cgflr1 and cgflr2. | resistance to 5-flucytosine (5-fc), used as an antifungal drug in combination therapy, compromises its therapeutic action. in this work, the response of the human pathogen candida glabrata to 5-fc was evaluated at the membrane proteome level, using an itraq-based approach. a total of 32 proteins were found to display significant expression changes in the membrane fraction of cells upon exposure to 5-fc, 50% of which under the control of cgpdr1, the major regulator of azole drug resistance. these ... | 2016 | 28066366 |
| fluconazole and echinocandin resistance of candida glabrata correlates better with antifungal drug exposure rather than with msh2 mutator genotype in a french cohort of patients harboring low rates of resistance. | candida glabrata is a major pathogenic yeast in humans that is known to rapidly acquire resistance to triazole and echinocandin antifungal drugs. a mutator genotype (msh2 polymorphism) inducing a mismatch repair defect has been recently proposed to be responsible for resistance acquisition in c. glabrata clinical isolates. our objectives were to evaluate the prevalence of antifungal resistance in a large cohort of patients in saint-louis hospital, paris, france, some of whom were pre-exposed to ... | 2016 | 28066361 |
| widespread inter- and intra-domain horizontal gene transfer of d-amino acid metabolism enzymes in eukaryotes. | analysis of the growing number of available fully-sequenced genomes has shown that horizontal gene transfer (hgt) in eukaryotes is more common than previously thought. it has been proposed that genes with certain functions may be more prone to hgt than others, but we still have a very poor understanding of the selective forces driving eukaryotic hgt. recent work uncovered that d-amino acid racemases have been commonly transferred from bacteria to fungi, but their role in the receiving organisms ... | 2016 | 28066338 |
| effects of aspirin as an anti-inflammatory drug on azole-resistant candida glabrata in vitro. | | 2016 | 28028508 |
| fungicidal effect of thymoquinone involves generation of oxidative stress in candida glabrata. | the antifungal effect of thymoquinone, a component of black seed essential oil, has been studied on different types of fungi. its mechanism of action as an antifungal has not been described yet. this study demonstrates the fungicidal effect of thymoquinone on different candida species with particular emphasis on c. glabrata planktonic cells and biofilms. since cell death was induced via the generation of oxidative stress as evidenced by the abrogation of thymoquinone toxicity in cells incubated ... | 2017 | 28024529 |
| genetic drivers of multidrug resistance in candida glabrata. | both the incidence of invasive fungal infections and rates of multidrug resistance associated with fungal pathogen candida glabrata have increased in recent years. in this perspective, we will discuss the mechanisms underlying the capacity of c. glabrata to rapidly develop resistance to multiple drug classes, including triazoles and echinocandins. we will focus on the extensive genetic diversity among clinical isolates of c. glabrata, which likely enables this yeast to survive multiple stressors ... | 2016 | 28018323 |
| new formyl phloroglucinol meroterpenoids from the leaves of eucalyptus robusta. | seven new formyl phloroglucinol meroterpenoids (fpms), namely eucalrobusones j-p (1-7), as well as three known ones (8-10) were isolated from the leaves of eucalyptus robusta. their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data analysis, and their absolute configurations were determined by applications of the snatzke's helicity rule and the electron circular dichroism (ecd) calculation. these fpms are diverse in coupling patterns between phloroglucinol and sesquiterpenoid units, forming novel ... | 2016 | 28004790 |
| antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of a new metabolite from quercus incana. | phytochemical investigations of quercus incana led to the isolation of a new catechin derivative quercuschin (1), along with six known compounds: quercetin (2), methyl gallate (3), gallic acid (4), betulinic acid (5), (z)-9-octadecenoic acid methyl ester (6) and β-sitosterol glucoside (7) from the ethyl acetate fraction of methanolic extract of the bark. compound 1 was screened for its antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant potential. antibacterial and antifungal activities of the compound we ... | 2016 | 28000514 |
| fungal cyp51 inhibitors vt-1161 and vt-1129 exhibit strong in vitro activity against candida glabrata and c. krusei isolates clinically resistant to azole and echinocandin antifungal compounds. | the in vitro activities of fungal cyp51 inhibitors vt-1161 and vt-1129 were determined for candida glabrata (n = 34) and c. krusei (n = 50). c. glabrata isolates were screened for fks gene mutations. all isolates were resistant clinically and/or in vitro to at least one standard antifungal compound. vt-1161 and vt-1129 mics for all isolates were at least 5-fold below achievable human plasma levels for vt-1161. vt-1161 and vt-1129 are promising for the treatment of resistant c. glabrata and c. kr ... | 2017 | 27956419 |
| migration and interaction tracking for quantitative analysis of phagocyte-pathogen confrontation assays. | invasive fungal infections are emerging as a significant health risk for humans. the innate immune system is the first line of defense against invading micro-organisms and involves the recruitment of phagocytes, which engulf and kill pathogens, to the site of infection. to gain a quantitative understanding of the interplay between phagocytes and fungal pathogens, live-cell imaging is a modern approach to monitor the dynamic process of phagocytosis in time and space. however, this requires the pr ... | 2017 | 27940225 |
| an experimental modeling of trinomial bioengineering- crp, rdna, and transporter engineering within single cell factory for maximizing two-phase bioreduction. | a carbonyl reductase (cr) gene from candida glabrata cbs138 has been heterologously expressed in cofactor regenerating e. coli host to convert ethyl-4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cobe) into ethyl-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate (chbe). the cr enzyme exhibited marked velocity at substrate concentration as high as 363mm with highest turnover number (112.77±3.95s(-1)). solitary recombineering of such catalytic cell reproduced chbe 161.04g/l per g of dry cell weight (dcw). introduction of combinatorially eng ... | 2017 | 27923567 |
| promising therapies for fungal infection based on the study to elucidate mechanisms to cope with stress in candida species. | in recent years, the incidence of fungal infections has been increasing, particularly among patients with immune systems compromised by human immunodeficiency virus infection, organ transplantation, and/or chemotherapy for cancer. current therapies for treating systemic fungal infection have limited effectiveness and have created problems of adverse reactions and drug resistance. these issues therefore motivate us to develop novel antifungals. elucidation of stress response mechanisms and virule ... | 2016 | 27904062 |
| candida glabrata pneumonia in a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. | pneumonia remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality among infectious diseases. streptococcus pneumoniae and viruses are the most common cause of pneumonia. candidiasis in such patients has been associated with haemodialysis, fungal colonization, exposure to broad-spectrum antibiotics, intensive care unit (icu) hospitalization, and immunocompromised patients. the most common cause of infection is c. albicans. the case presented here is of a 66-year-old male patient diagnosed with c. g ... | 2016 | 27882253 |
| in vitro exposure to increasing micafungin concentrations easily promotes echinocandin resistance in candida glabrata isolates. | we assessed the in vitro susceptibility of five echinocandin-susceptible candida glabrata isolates after exposure to micafungin. the direct exposure to plates at different micafungin concentrations resulted in the inhibition of growth at 0.062 μg/ml. the progressive exposure was performed on plates using 0.031 μg/ml of micafungin and sequential propagation on plates containing the next 2-fold concentration; the mics of micafungin and anidulafungin increased sequentially, and all the isolates bec ... | 2017 | 27872063 |
| p2x7 from j774 murine macrophages acts as a scavenger receptor for bacteria but not yeast. | we studied the effects of extracellular atp and ca(2+) on uptake of bacteria (staphylococcus aureus or escherichia coli) and live yeast (candida glabrata) by j774 macrophages to determine the role of endogenous p2x7 receptors in phagocytosis. our findings show that phagocytosis of bio-particles coated with s. aureus or e. coli was blocked by atp and the p2x7 receptor agonist bzatp, while yeast phagocytosis was not. a438079, an antagonist of p2x7 receptors, partially reverted the effects of atp o ... | 2016 | 27833023 |
| micafungin versus caspofungin in the treatment of candida glabrata infection: a case report. | micafungin and caspofungin, which are both echinocandins, elicit their antifungal effects by suppressing the synthesis of β-d-glucan, an essential component of fungal cell walls. if micafungin is not effective against a fungal infection, is it unreasonable to switch to caspofungin? | 2016 | 27821139 |
| nkp46 is an nk cell fungicidal pattern recognition receptor. | natural killer (nk) cells are an important contributor to innate host defense because of their role in direct microbial recognition and killing. vitenshtein et al. make an important contribution by demonstrating that nk cells kill candida glabrata using the nk activating receptor, nkp46, which recognizes the epa adhesins. | 2016 | 27816327 |
| the cghaa1-regulon mediates response and tolerance to acetic acid stress in the human pathogen candida glabrata. | to thrive in the acidic vaginal tract, candida glabrata has to cope with high concentrations of acetic acid. the mechanisms underlying c. glabrata tolerance to acetic acid at low ph remain largely uncharacterized. in this work, the essential role of the cghaa1 transcription factor (encoded by orf cagl0l09339g) in the response and tolerance of c. glabrata to acetic acid is demonstrated. transcriptomic analysis showed that cghaa1 regulates, directly or indirectly, the expression of about 75% of th ... | 2017 | 27815348 |
| novel halogenated pyrazine-based chalcones as potential antimicrobial drugs. | chalcones, i.e., compounds with the chemical pattern of 1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-ones, exert a wide range of bio-activities, e.g., antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anti-infective etc. our research group has been focused on pyrazine analogues of chalcones; several series have been synthesized and tested in vitro on antifungal and antimycobacterial activity. the highest potency was exhibited by derivatives with electron withdrawing groups (ewg) in positions 2 and 4 of the ring b. as halo ... | 2016 | 27801810 |
| a novel hybrid iron regulation network combines features from pathogenic and nonpathogenic yeasts. | iron is an essential micronutrient for both pathogens and their hosts, which restrict iron availability during infections in an effort to prevent microbial growth. successful human pathogens like the yeast candida glabrata have thus developed effective iron acquisition strategies. their regulation has been investigated well for some pathogenic fungi and in the model organism saccharomyces cerevisiae, which employs an evolutionarily derived system. here, we show that c. glabrata uses a regulation ... | 2016 | 27795405 |
| a fatal mycotic sepsis after retrograde intrarenal surgery: a case report and literature review. | the retrograde intrarenal surgery (rirs) is a procedure that sees an increase in its use every day and is supported by excellent results in terms of safety and feasibility. we report the first case of fatal mycotic septic complication in a neurological patient for renal stone disease. | 2016 | 27174535 |
| opportunistic fungal pathogen candida glabrata circulates between humans and yellow-legged gulls. | the opportunistic pathogenic yeast candida glabrata is a component of the mycobiota of both humans and yellow-legged gulls that is prone to develop fluconazole resistance. whether gulls are a reservoir of the yeast and facilitate the dissemination of human c. glabrata strains remains an open question. in this study, mlva genotyping highlighted the lack of genetic structure of 190 c. glabrata strains isolated from either patients in three hospitals or fecal samples collected from gull breeding co ... | 2016 | 27782182 |
| the multidrug resistance transporters cgtpo1_1 and cgtpo1_2 play a role in virulence and biofilm formation in the human pathogen candida glabrata. | the mechanisms of persistence and virulence associated with candida glabrata infections are poorly understood, limiting the ability to fight this fungal pathogen. in this study, the multidrug resistance transporters cgtpo1_1 and cgtpo1_2 are shown to play a role in c. glabrata virulence. the survival of the infection model galleria mellonella, infected with c. glabrata, was found to increase upon the deletion of either cgtpo1_1 or cgtpo1_2. the underlying mechanisms were further explored. in the ... | 2017 | 27780306 |
| echinocandin resistance in candida species: a review of recent developments. | the echinocandins are important agents for the treatment of invasive fungal infections, especially those caused by candida species. however, as with other antimicrobial agents, microbiologic resistance to this class of antifungal agents has emerged and can result in clinical failure. several studies have recently reported an increase in echinocandin resistance in candida glabrata isolates at various medical centers in different geographic regions of the usa. recent studies have also reported tha ... | 2016 | 27771864 |
| genome engineering in the yeast pathogen candida glabrata using the crispr-cas9 system. | among candida species, the opportunistic fungal pathogen candida glabrata has become the second most common causative agent of candidiasis in the world and a major public health concern. yet, few molecular tools and resources are available to explore the biology of c. glabrata and to better understand its virulence during infection. in this study, we describe a robust experimental strategy to generate loss-of-function mutants in c. glabrata. the procedure is based on the development of three mai ... | 2016 | 27767081 |
| azole resistance in candida glabrata. | candida infections have increased due to the growth and expansion of susceptible patient populations. the azole fluconazole is the most widely prescribed antifungal, but rising rates of clinical resistance among candida glabrata isolates have greatly limited its utility. a better understanding of the mechanisms of azole antifungal resistance will provide information needed to overcome this clinical problem and reclaim this antifungal class as an option for empiric treatment of candida infections ... | 2016 | 27761779 |
| expression patterns of abc transporter genes in fluconazole-resistant candida glabrata. | clinical management of fungal diseases is compromised by the emergence of antifungal drug resistance in fungi, which leads to elimination of available drug classes as treatment options. an understanding of antifungal resistance at molecular level is, therefore, essential for the development of strategies to combat the resistance. this study presents the assessment of molecular mechanisms associated with fluconazole resistance in clinical candida glabrata isolates originated from iran. taking sev ... | 2017 | 27744635 |
| nk cell recognition of candida glabrata through binding of nkp46 and ncr1 to fungal ligands epa1, epa6, and epa7. | natural killer (nk) cells form an important arm of the innate immune system and function to combat a wide range of invading pathogens, ranging from viruses to bacteria. however, the means by which nk cells accomplish recognition of pathogens with a limited repertoire of receptors remain largely unknown. in the current study, we describe the recognition of an emerging fungal pathogen, candida glabrata, by the human nk cytotoxic receptor nkp46 and its mouse ortholog, ncr1. using ncr1 knockout mice ... | 2016 | 27736647 |
| the phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulates retrograde trafficking of the iron permease cgftr1 and iron homeostasis in candida glabrata. | the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (pi3k), which phosphorylates phosphatidylinositol and produces pi3p, has been implicated in protein trafficking, intracellular survival, and virulence in the pathogenic yeast candida glabrata here, we demonstrate pi3-kinase (cgvps34) to be essential for maintenance of cellular iron homeostasis. we examine how cgvps34 regulates the fundamental process of iron acquisition, and underscore its function in vesicular trafficking as a central determinant. rna sequencing an ... | 2016 | 27729452 |
| genome sequencing of the pyruvate-producing strain candida glabrata cctcc m202019 and genomic comparison with strain cbs138. | candida glabrata cctcc m202019 as an industrial yeast strain that is widely used to produce α-oxocarboxylic acid. strain m202019 has been proven to have a higher pyruvate-producing capacity than the reference strain cbs138. to characterize the genotype of the m202019 strain, we generated a draft sequence of its genome, which has a size of 12.1 mbp and a gc content of 38.47%. evidence accumulated during genome annotation suggests that strain m202019 has strong capacities for glucose transport and ... | 2016 | 27713500 |
| fumarate production by torulopsis glabrata: engineering heterologous fumarase expression and improving acid tolerance. | fumarate is a well-known biomass building block compound. however, the poor catalytic efficiency of fumarase is one of the major factors preventing its widespread production. to address this issue, we selected residues 159hpnd162 of fumarase from rhizopus oryzae as targets for site-directed mutagenesis based on molecular docking analysis. twelve mutants were generated and characterized in detail. kinetic studies showed that the km values of the p160a, p160t, p160h, n161e, and d162w mutants were ... | 2016 | 27711153 |
| management of a renal fungal bezoar caused by multidrug-resistant candida glabrata. | we describe our management of an immunocompetent individual who developed obstructive uropathy and candidemia as a result of a fungal bezoar in the kidney. these sequelae arose from candiduria, provoked after several courses of antibiotics. successful treatment included therapy with both culture-appropriate intravenous antifungals and operative intervention, including direct irrigation of the affected kidney with amphotericin b, relief of renal obstruction with a ureteral stent, a percutaneous n ... | 2016 | 27695182 |
| comparison of bactec™ blood culture media for the detection of fungemia. | the aim of the present study was to investigate whether addition of the bactec™ mycosis bottle to the standard bactec™ aerobic and anaerobic bottles contributed to a higher detection rate and a faster time to detection (ttd) of fungi. this was a retrospective cohort study of all patients with a positive blood culture with candida species delivered to the department of clinical microbiology, herlev and gentofte hospital, denmark in the 8-year period 2006 through 2014. the patients had at least on ... | 2017 | 27677278 |
| crz1p regulates ph homeostasis in candida glabrata by altering membrane lipid composition. | the asexual facultative aerobic haploid yeast candida glabrata is widely used in the industrial production of various organic acids. to elucidate the physiological function of the transcription factor cgcrz1p and its role in tolerance to acid stress we deleted or overexpressed the corresponding gene cgcrz1 deletion of cgcrz1 resulted in a 60% decrease in dry cell weight (dcw) and a 50% drop in cell viability compared to the wild type at ph 2.0. expression of lipid metabolism-associated genes was ... | 2016 | 27663025 |
| candida glabrata encodes a longer variant of the mating type (mat) alpha2 gene in the mating type-like mtl3 locus, which can form homodimers. | the fungal pathogen candida glabrata is a haploid asexual yeast. candida glabrata contains orthologs of the genes that control mating and cell-type identity in other fungi, which encode putative transcription factors localized in the mat locus in saccharomyces cerevisiae or mtl in other fungi. candida glabrata contains three copies of the cgmtl locus but only cgmtl1 correctly expresses the information encoded in it. cgmtl1 can encode the cg a1: gene ( a: information), or the cgalpha1 and cgalpha ... | 2016 | 27650705 |
| impact of a multifaceted educational intervention including serious games to improve the management of invasive candidiasis in critically ill patients. | infections caused by candida species are common in critically ill patients and contribute to significant morbidity and mortality. the epico project (epico 1 and epico 2.0 studies) recently used a delphi approach to elaborate guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of this condition in critically ill adult patients. we aimed to evaluate the impact of a multifaceted educational intervention based on the epico 1 and epico 2.0 recommendations. | 2017 | 27645566 |
| onychomycosis secondary to onychomadesis: an underdiagnosed manifestation. | onychomycosis is a rare nail disorder in early childhood, while onychomadesis is a periodic idiopathic, non-inflammatory disease that affects the nail matrix and is common in children especially in those who suffer from viral infections. in this study, we investigated recent cases of onychomycosis subsequent to periods of onychomadesis in children. sixteen young children (six males, 10 females) with a mean age of 36.5 months were diagnosed with onychomadesis, and 13 of the patients had a history ... | 2017 | 27618806 |
| candida-induced prosthetic joint infection. a literature review including 72 cases and a case report. | the clinical and microbiological characteristics of prosthetic joint infection (pji) caused by candida species is described, including 72 cases in the literature and a case of candida glabrata infection handled at the present centre. | 2017 | 27586845 |
| new adamantyl chalcones: synthesis, antimicrobial and anticancer activities. | a new variety of adamantyl chalcones (2, 3a-o) were efficiently prepared by claisen-schmidt reaction of 4-adamantyl acetophenone 2 with a serie of aromatic aldehydes in good yields. their structures were confirmed by spectroscopic data, and the relative configuration of 3d was confirmed by x-ray crystallography. all synthesized chalcones were tested against a panel of grampositive and gram-negative bacteria and pathogenic fungus and displayed strong antibacterial activity against enterococcus fa ... | 2017 | 27558673 |
| rapid detection of fks-associated echinocandin resistance in candida glabrata. | a novel and highly accurate diagnostic assay platform was established for rapid identification of fks mutations associated with echinocandin resistance in candida glabrata the assay platform uses allele-specific molecular beacon and dna melt analysis following asymmetric pcr. a dual assay for fks1 and fks2 was developed to identify within 3 h the most common and clinically relevant resistance-associated mutations, including 8 fks1 hs1 (wild type [wt], s629p, f625s, d632y, d632e [t1896g], d632e [ ... | 2016 | 27550360 |
| kre5 suppression induces cell wall stress and alternative er stress response required for maintaining cell wall integrity in candida glabrata. | the maintenance of cell wall integrity in fungi is required for normal cell growth, division, hyphae formation, and antifungal tolerance. we observed that endoplasmic reticulum stress regulated cell wall integrity in candida glabrata, which possesses uniquely evolved mechanisms for unfolded protein response mechanisms. tetracycline-mediated suppression of kre5, which encodes a predicted udp-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase localized in the endoplasmic reticulum, significantly increased c ... | 2016 | 27548283 |
| in vitro activities of six antifungal drugs against candida glabrata isolates: an emerging pathogen. | candida glabrata is a pathogenic yeast with several unique biological features and associated with an increased incidence rate of candidiasis. it exhibits a great degree of variation in its pathogenicity and antifungal susceptibility. | 2016 | 27540459 |
| heteroresistance to fluconazole is a continuously distributed phenotype among candida glabrata clinical strains associated with in vivo persistence. | candida glabrata causes persistent infections in patients treated with fluconazole and often acquires resistance following exposure to the drug. here we found that clinical strains of c. glabrata exhibit cell-to-cell variation in drug response (heteroresistance). we used population analysis profiling (pap) to assess fluconazole heteroresistance (flc(hr)) and to ask if it is a binary trait or a continuous phenotype. thirty (57.6%) of 52 fluconazole-sensitive clinical c. glabrata isolates met acce ... | 2016 | 27486188 |
| discontinuation of echinocandin and azole treatments led to the disappearance of an fks alteration but not azole resistance during clonal candida glabrata persistent candidaemia. | to give an indication of a fitness cost conferred by fks mutation-associated echinocandin resistance in candida glabrata during human infection. six c. glabrata clinical strains sequentially isolated from blood and a hepatic abscess in a solid organ transplant recipient were analysed. the patient had received long-term azole and echinocandin therapy for invasive aspergillosis and persistent candidaemia. minimal inhibitory concentrations were determined by the european committee on antimicrobial ... | 2016 | 27484020 |
| interaction of human fibronectin with candida glabrata epithelial adhesin 6 (epa6). | adherence of pathogens to extracellular matrix proteins and host cells is one of the essential steps in the microbial colonization of the human organism. the adhesion of c. glabrata, i.e. the second major causative agent of human disseminated candidiases after c. albicans, to the host epithelium mainly engages specific fungal cell wall proteins - epithelial adhesins (epa) - in particular, epa1, epa6 and epa7. the aim of the present study was to identify the major epa protein involved in the inte ... | 2016 | 27474404 |
| identification of genes in candida glabrata conferring altered responses to caspofungin, a cell wall synthesis inhibitor. | candida glabrata is an important human fungal pathogen whose incidence continues to rise. because many clinical isolates are resistant to azole drugs, the drugs of choice to treat such infections are members of the echinocandin family, although there are increasing reports of resistance to these drugs as well. in efforts to better understand the genetic changes that lead to altered responses to echinocandins, we screened a transposon-insertion library of mutants for strains to identify genes tha ... | 2016 | 27449515 |
| acute hepatic injury with amphotericin b deoxycholate in an immunocompetent patient. | amphotericin b deoxycholate (ambd) is rarely used due to its adverse effect profile, which includes nephrotoxicity, infusion-related reactions, and hepatotoxicity. the incidence of hepatotoxicity related to ambd is 18-23%, but the reports of this adverse effect are mainly in immunocompromised patients receiving chemotherapy. we report a case of ambd-related acute hepatic injury in an immunocompetent male with multiple medical problems. the patient initially had acute hepatic injury likely caused ... | 2017 | 27440960 |
| cell wall composition and biofilm formation of azoles-susceptible and -resistant candida glabrata strains. | in the present study, three strains of candida glabrata have been investigated to shed light on the mechanisms involved in azole resistance during adherence and biofilm formation. in particular, a clinical isolate, susceptible to azole-based drugs, dsy562 and two different resistant mutagenic strains deriving from dsy562, sfy114 and sfy115, have been analysed with different approaches for their cell wall composition and properties. a proteomic analysis revealed that the expression of six cell wa ... | 2016 | 27439026 |
| amino acid substitutions in erg11p of azole-resistant candida glabrata: possible effective substitutions and homology modelling. | understanding the mechanisms responsible for fluconazole resistance in candida glabrata is not only crucial for the development of new antifungals but is also important in choosing appropriate antifungals for patients at the earliest stages. the aim of this study was to determine the erg11p amino acid substitutions in fluconazole-resistant c. glabrata isolates. sixty clinical isolates of c. glabrata were investigated. in vitro antifungal activities of fluconazole, itraconazole and voriconazole w ... | 2016 | 27436465 |
| a new isolation and evaluation method for marine-derived yeast spp. with potential applications in industrial biotechnology. | yeasts that are present in marine environments have evolved to survive hostile environments that are characterized by high exogenous salt content, high concentrations of inhibitory compounds, and low soluble carbon and nitrogen levels. therefore, yeasts isolated from marine environments could have interesting characteristics for industrial applications. however, the application of marine yeast in research or industry is currently very limited owing to the lack of a suitable isolation method. cur ... | 2016 | 27435537 |
| expression of efflux pumps and fatty acid activator one genes in azole resistant candida glabrata isolated from immunocompromised patients. | acquired azole resistance in opportunistic fungi causes severe clinical problems in immunosuppressed individuals. this study investigated the molecular mechanisms of azole resistance in clinical isolates of candida glabrata. six unmatched strains were obtained from an epidemiological survey of candidiasis in immunocompromised hosts that included azole and amphotericin b susceptible and azole resistant clinical isolates. candida glabrata cbs 138 was used as reference strain. antifungal susceptibi ... | 2016 | 27424018 |
| chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial effects of tunisian limoniastrum guyonianum durieu ex boiss extracts. | in the present investigation, extracts obtained from l. guyonianum durieu ex boiss. aerial parts were used to evaluate total phenolic, flavonoid and tannin contents. a study of antioxidant activities of the prepared samples was carried out on the basis of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (dpph), 2-2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenz-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (abts+.) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (frap) assays. moreover, the efficiency of methanolic, chloroformic and petroleum ether extracts and th ... | 2016 | 27393443 |
| identification of components of the sumoylation machinery in candida glabrata: role of the desumoylation peptidase cgulp2 in virulence. | regulation of protein function by reversible post-translational modification, sumoylation, is widely conserved in the eukaryotic kingdom. sumoylation is essential for cell growth, division, and adaptation to stress in most organisms, including fungi. as these are key factors in determination of fungal virulence, in this study, we have investigated the importance of sumoylation in the human pathogen, candida glabrata we identified the enzymes involved in small ubiquitin-like modifier conjugation ... | 2016 | 27382059 |
| roles of vacuolar h+-atpase in the oxidative stress response of candida glabrata. | vacuolar h(+)-atpase (v-atpase) is responsible for the acidification of eukaryotic intracellular compartments and plays an important role in oxidative stress response (osr), but its molecular bases are largely unknown. here, we investigated how v-atpase is involved in the osr by using a strain lacking vph2, which encodes an assembly factor of v-atpase, in the pathogenic fungus candida glabrata the loss of vph2 resulted in increased h2o2 sensitivity and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ros) ... | 2016 | 27370212 |
| iron-depletion promotes mitophagy to maintain mitochondrial integrity in pathogenic yeast candida glabrata. | candida glabrata, a haploid budding yeast, is the cause of severe systemic infections in immune-compromised hosts. the amount of free iron supplied to c. glabrata cells during systemic infections is severely limited by iron-chelating proteins such as transferrin. thus, the iron-deficiency response in c. glabrata cells is thought to play important roles in their survival inside the host's body. in this study, we found that mitophagy was induced under iron-depleted conditions, and that the disrupt ... | 2016 | 27347716 |
| upregulation of the adhesin gene epa1 mediated by pdr1 in candida glabrata leads to enhanced host colonization. | candida glabrata is the second most common candida species causing disseminated infection, after c. albicans. c. glabrata is intrinsically less susceptible to the widely used azole antifungal drugs and quickly develops secondary resistance. resistance typically relies on drug efflux with transporters regulated by the transcription factor pdr1. gain-of-function (gof) mutations in pdr1 lead to a hyperactive state and thus efflux transporter upregulation. our laboratory has characterized a collecti ... | 2017 | 27303714 |
| accessing spoilage features of osmotolerant yeasts identified from kiwifruit plantation and processing environment in shaanxi, china. | osmotolerant yeasts originating from kiwifruit industrial chain can result in spoilage incidences, while little information is available about their species and spoilage features. this work identified possible spoilage osmotolerant yeasts from orchards and a manufacturer (quick-freeze kiwifruit manufacturer) in main producing areas in shaanxi, china and further characterized their spoilage features. a total of 86 osmotolerant isolates dispersing over 29 species were identified through 26s rdna s ... | 2016 | 27294521 |
| candida glabrata's recurrent infections: biofilm formation during amphotericin b treatment. | candida species are responsible for recurrent human infections, mostly in immunocompromised patients, due to their high vulnerability. candida glabrata has a major role in systemic candidiasis and amphotericin b (amb), a polyene only used in hospitals, is frequently used to treat this disease. lately, however, clinical evidences of candida recurrent infections during these treatments are being described, probably due to biofilm (re)formation during this therapy. thus, this work aims at inferring ... | 2016 | 27259377 |
| probiotic yeast saccharomyces boulardii (nom. nud.) modulates adhesive properties of candida glabrata. | following the widespread use of immunosuppressive therapy together with broad-spectrum antimycotic therapy, the frequency of mucosal and systemic infections caused by the pathogenic yeast candida glabrata has increased in the past decades. due to the resistance of c. glabrata to existing azole drugs, it is very important to look for new strategies helping the treatment of such fungal diseases. in this study, we investigated the effect of the probiotic yeast saccharomyces boulardii (nom. nud.) on ... | 2016 | 27250926 |
| a network of paralogous stress response transcription factors in the human pathogen candida glabrata. | the yeast candida glabrata has become the second cause of systemic candidemia in humans. however, relatively few genome-wide studies have been conducted in this organism and our knowledge of its transcriptional regulatory network is quite limited. in the present work, we combined genome-wide chromatin immunoprecipitation (chip-seq), transcriptome analyses, and dna binding motif predictions to describe the regulatory interactions of the seven yap (yeast ap1) transcription factors of c. glabrata. ... | 2016 | 27242683 |
| biodegradation and decolorization of melanoidin solutions by manganese peroxidase yeasts. | the ability of selected manganese peroxidase (mnp) yeast strains, isolated from the mixed liquor of an activated sludge bioreactor treating melanoidins wastewater, was investigated in this work, aiming to examine the degradation potential of melanoidins, in the presence or absence of nutrients. ten yeast strains were initially isolated from the mixed liquor; four yeast strains (y1, y2, y3 and y4) were selected for further studies, based on their tolerance towards synthetic melanoidins (sms) degr ... | 2016 | 27191565 |
| time-to-reporting of blood culture positivity and central venous catheter-associated candida glabrata fungemia in cancer patients. | among cancer patients with candida glabrata (the candida species with the slowest in-vitro growth) fungemia, time-to-positive blood culture reporting (ttr) was shorter in catheter-associated candidemia (mean±standard deviation: 67±35 h) than in candidemia from other sources (79±31, p<.01). ttr<48 h was 92% specific for catheter-associated c. glabrata fungemia. | 2016 | 27133559 |
| two echinocandin-resistant candida glabrata fks mutants from south africa. | echinocandins are recommended as first-line agents to treat invasive infections caused by candida glabrata since this organism is inherently less susceptible to azoles. however, resistance to echinocandins has been described in c. glabrata due to amino acid changes in the hotspot regions of the fks1 and fks2 genes. in this report, we describe the first two south african c. glabrata isolates with echinocandin resistance mediated by mutations in the fks2 gene. both isolates were cultured from urin ... | 2016 | 27069849 |
| potassium uptake mediated by trk1 is crucial for candida glabrata growth and fitness. | the maintenance of potassium homeostasis is crucial for all types of cells, including candida glabrata. three types of plasma-membrane systems mediating potassium influx with different transport mechanisms have been described in yeasts: the trk1 uniporter, the hak cation-proton symporter and the acu atpase. the c. glabrata genome contains only one gene encoding putative system for potassium uptake, the trk1 uniporter. therefore, its importance in maintaining adequate levels of intracellular pota ... | 2016 | 27058598 |
| reversal of fluconazole resistance induced by a synergistic effect with acca sellowiana in candida glabrata strains. | the increased incidence of non-albicans candida (nac) resistant to fluconazole (flz) makes it necessary to use new therapeutic alternatives. acca sellowiana (o.berg) burret (myrtaceae) is a guava with several proven biological activities. the interaction with fluconazole can be a feasible alternative to overcome this resistance. | 2016 | 27050162 |
| prevalent mutator genotype identified in fungal pathogen candida glabrata promotes multi-drug resistance. | the fungal pathogen candida glabrata has emerged as a major health threat since it readily acquires resistance to multiple drug classes, including triazoles and/or echinocandins. thus far, cellular mechanisms promoting the emergence of resistance to multiple drug classes have not been described in this organism. here we demonstrate that a mutator phenotype caused by a mismatch repair defect is prevalent in c. glabrata clinical isolates. strains carrying alterations in mismatch repair gene msh2 e ... | 2016 | 27020939 |
| partial decay of thiamine signal transduction pathway alters growth properties of candida glabrata. | the phosphorylated form of thiamine (vitamin b1), thiamine pyrophosphate (tpp) is essential for the metabolism of amino acids and carbohydrates in all organisms. plants and microorganisms, such as yeast, synthesize thiamine de novo whereas animals do not. the thiamine signal transduction (thi) pathway in saccharomyces cerevisiae is well characterized. the ~10 genes required for thiamine biosynthesis and uptake are transcriptionally upregulated during thiamine starvation by thi2, thi3, and pdc2. ... | 2016 | 27015653 |
| novel point mutations in the erg11 gene in clinical isolates of azole resistant candida species. | the azoles are the class of medications most commonly used to fight infections caused by candida sp. typically, resistance can be attributed to mutations in erg11 gene (cyp51) which encodes the cytochrome p450 14α-demethylase, the primary target for the activity of azoles. the objective of this study was to identify mutations in the coding region of theerg11 gene in clinical isolates of candida species known to be resistant to azoles. we identified three new synonymous mutations in the erg11 gen ... | 2016 | 26982177 |
| propensity score analysis of the role of initial antifungal therapy in the outcome of candida glabrata bloodstream infections. | candida glabrata isolates have reduced in vitro susceptibility to azoles, which raises concerns about the clinical effectiveness of fluconazole for treating bloodstream infection (bsi) by this candida species. we aimed to evaluate whether the choice of initial antifungal treatment (fluconazole versus echinocandins or liposomal amphotericin b [l-amb]-based regimens) has an impact on the outcome of c. glabrata bsi. we analyzed data from a prospective, multicenter, population-based surveillance pro ... | 2016 | 26976872 |
| voriconazole minimum inhibitory concentrations are predictive of treatment outcome in experimental murine infections by candida glabrata. | in this study, 27 clinical isolates of candida glabrata with voriconazole (vrc) minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) ranging from ≤0.03 μg/ml to 8 μg/ml were tested to determine whether in vitro data are predictive of in vivo efficacy. the efficacy of vrc administered at 40 mg/kg was assayed in a neutropenic murine model of disseminated infection by c. glabrata. the reduction in fungal tissue burden in the kidneys was used as a marker of treatment efficacy. vrc reduced the fungal tissue burd ... | 2016 | 26976780 |
| multilocus microsatellite analysis of european and african candida glabrata isolates. | this study aimed to elucidate the genetic relatedness and epidemiology of 127 clinical and environmental candida glabrata isolates from europe and africa using multilocus microsatellite analysis. each isolate was first identified using phenotypic and molecular methods and subsequently, six unlinked microsatellite loci were analyzed using automated fluorescent genotyping. genetic relationships were estimated using the minimum-spanning tree (mstree) method. microsatellite analyses revealed the exi ... | 2016 | 26946511 |
| inhibiting fungal multidrug resistance by disrupting an activator-mediator interaction. | eukaryotic transcription activators stimulate the expression of specific sets of target genes through recruitment of co-activators such as the rna polymerase ii-interacting mediator complex. aberrant function of transcription activators has been implicated in several diseases. however, therapeutic targeting efforts have been hampered by a lack of detailed molecular knowledge of the mechanisms of gene activation by disease-associated transcription activators. we previously identified an activator ... | 2016 | 26886795 |
| phylogenetic and transcripts profiling of glucose sensing related genes in candida glabrata. | the sensing mechanism of glucose in saccharomyces cerevisiae is well studied. however, such information is scarcely found in other yeast species such as candida glabrata. | 2015 | 26855740 |
| evaluation of polymorphic locus sequence typing for candida glabrata epidemiology. | the opportunistic yeast candida glabratais increasingly refractory to antifungal treatment or prophylaxis and relatedly is increasingly implicated in health care-associated infections. to elucidate the epidemiology of these infections, strain typing is required. sequence-based typing provides multiple advantages over length-based methods, such as pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge); however, conventional multilocus sequence typing (targeting 6 conserved loci) and whole-genome sequencing are ... | 2016 | 26842706 |
| epidemiology and microbiologic characterization of nosocomial candidemia from a brazilian national surveillance program. | candidemia is a growing problem in hospitals all over the world. despite advances in the medical support of critically ill patients, candidiasis leads to prolonged hospitalization, and has a crude mortality rate around 50%. we conducted a multicenter surveillance study in 16 hospitals distributed across five regions of brazil to assess the incidence, species distribution, antifungal susceptibility, and risk factors for bloodstream infections due to candida species. from june 2007 to march 2010, ... | 2016 | 26808778 |
| a murine model of candida glabrata vaginitis shows no evidence of an inflammatory immunopathogenic response. | candida glabrata is the second most common organism isolated from women with vulvovaginal candidiasis (vvc), particularly in women with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. however, mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of c. glabrata-associated vvc are unknown and have not been studied at any depth in animal models. the objective of this study was to evaluate host responses to infection following efforts to optimize a murine model of c. glabrata vvc. for this, various designs were evaluated for co ... | 2016 | 26807975 |
| echinocandin resistance and population structure of invasive candida glabrata isolates from two university hospitals in germany and austria. | echinocandin resistance in candida glabrata is emerging and is associated with the presence of fks mutations. in this study, we analysed the antifungal susceptibility, presence of fks mutations and clonality of c. glabrata blood culture isolates from two hospitals in germany and austria. susceptibility testing of 64 c. glabrata bloodstream isolates from two university hospitals was performed with broth microdilution method according to eucast. in addition, all isolates were screened for fks muta ... | 2016 | 26806376 |
| editorial: candida glabrata, the other yeast pathogen. | | 2016 | 26802101 |
| biocatalytic reduction of racemic 2-arenoxycycloalkanones by yeasts p. glucozyma and c. glabrata: one way of achieving chiral 2-arenoxycycloalcohols. | chiral β-aryloxy alcohols are interesting building blocks that form part of drugs like β adrenergic antagonists. acquiring cyclic rigid analogs to obtain more selective drugs is interesting. thus, we used whole cells of yeast strains pichia glucozyma and candida glabrata to catalyze the reduction of several 2-arenoxycycloalkanones to produce chiral 2-arenoxycycloalcohols with good/excellent enantioselectivity. in both cases, the alcohol configuration that resulted from the carbonyl group reducti ... | 2016 | 26754816 |