| in vitro tuberculostatic activities of some 2-benzylbenzimidazole and 2-phenoxymethylbenzimidazole derivatives. | some 2-benzylbenzimidazole and 2-phenoxymethylbenzimidazole derivatives were synthesized and tested for in vitro tuberculostatic activity against mycobacterium tuberculosis h 37 rv. and human type wild strain (protocol n degrees.4186). the synthesized compounds have one of the ch3, cl, no2 or och3 groups at position 5 and 4' and are prepared by heating appropriate o-phenylenediamines with the carboxylic acids in the presence of 4.5n hcl. the experiments indicate that 2-phenoxymethylbenzimidazole ... | 1989 | 2517303 |
| tuberculosis: high prevalence in a village on the southeast coast of madagascar. | | 1989 | 2517390 |
| [treatment of tuberculosis]. | tuberculosis appears to be a diagnostic challenge and an important therapeutical problem in industrialized and in developing countries, where most infections occur. besides several rifamycin derivatives, new molecules (fluorinated quinolones, macrolides, beta-lactam antibiotics) are being explored in the face of increasing bacterial-resistance with the aim of improving the efficacy and safety of anti-tuberculous drugs, shortening the period of treatment or allowing intermittent regimens. at pres ... | 1989 | 2517449 |
| primary and acquired drug resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis strains in western region of libyan arab jamahiriya. | drug resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis strains prevalent in the western region of libyan arab jamahiriya was studied for the years 1984, 1985 and 1986 at the regional tuberculosis control centre at gurgi, tripoli. records of resistance to streptomycin, isoniazid, ethambutol and rifampicin were analysed. whereas primary drug resistance was observed in 5.1%, 19.5% and 3.8%, acquired drug resistance was found in 12.2%, 34.0% and 15.3% of the strains in 1984, 1985 and 1986 respectively. only ... | 1989 | 2517554 |
| phage typing of micobacterium tuberculosis in cuba. | | 1989 | 2517568 |
| [diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy in cultures of prepared and unprepared pathologic material]. | during four years in our laboratory work a small number of bacteriologically confirmed tuberculous pleurises was observed. by different procedure of inoculation of löwenstein-jensen medium the greater number of clinical diagnosis was confirmed. to avoid negative influence of the base and the acid on mycobacterium tuberculosis which could be found in smaller number in pleural punctate, inoculation of the bioptic material was performed directly on medium without prior digestion and decontamination ... | 1989 | 2517663 |
| tuberculous abscess of the brain stem. | three cases of tuberculous abscess of the brain stem were treated with excision of the abscess supplemented with antitubercular therapy for 12 to 18 months. the lesions were frankly purulent and tubercle bacilli were demonstrated in the pus. a computed tomography scan demonstrated the site and extent of the lesion. two of three patients developed the abscess during the course of antitubercular therapy for associated tubercular lesions. in spite of modern antitubercular treatment the abscess did ... | 1989 | 2517682 |
| [slide culture and rapid sensitivity test for tubercle bacillus]. | we use the slide culture and direct sensitivity test for tubercle bacillus. the sputum specimens was taken from 479 cases. the positive rates of slide culture method and thick smear were 50.5% and 47.8% respectively. the positive rates from slide culture and modified loewenstein-jensen medium were 48.2% and 51.9% respectively. the results of sensitivity test of both methods in 40 cases were quite similar. the slide culture technique is a simple, cheap and very rapid method for sensitivity test, ... | 1989 | 2517688 |
| [study using phagetype markers of mycobacterium tuberculosis strains from ethiopia. a preliminary study]. | twenty strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis from addis ababa (ethiopia) are studied by means of the phage typing technique in mycobacteria. the results obtained show the preliminary distribution of phage types belonging to type i (intermediate) and absence of the remaining types. the lysis pattern of autochthonous m. tuberculosis is characterized by a prevalence of sensitivity to phages ds6a, gs4e, bg1, and d34. the early results of sensitivity obtained with phage bo4 and its assessment within ... | 1989 | 2518596 |
| [evaluation of an enzyme immunoassay for the rapid diagnosis of paucibacillary tuberculosis in adults]. | the elisa has been extensively evaluated as a serodiagnostic method for tuberculosis. however, there is scarce information about its application to cases that cannot be diagnosed by microscopic examination: those with closed lesions or undergoing early stages of the disease. since a reliable serological test might substantially contribute to their prompt detection, the objective of the present study was to determine the diagnostic value of an elisa applied to adult smear-negative cases of tuberc ... | 1989 | 2518643 |
| binding of monoclonal anti-dna and anti-tb glycolipids to brain tissue. | the binding of human lupus anti-dna antibodies and murine anti-mycobacterial antibodies to human cortical brain tissue sections was assessed by the indirect immunofluorescent technique. prior adsorption of the reactive monoclonal antibodies on nuclear extracts, ss-dna, synthetic polynucleotide polymers, histones, mycobacterial glycolipids, and bovine brain extracts abrogated the monoclonal antibodies' binding to the brain. intermediate blocking activity was conferred also by ribonucleic componen ... | 1989 | 2518831 |
| aging and immunity to tuberculosis: prolonged survival of old mice infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis by adoptive immunization with memory-immune t lymphocytes. | this study shows that memory immune t lymphocytes, harvested from young (3-month-old) mice infected intravenously with mycobacterium tuberculosis and then exposed to protracted chemotherapy with isoniazid, are capable of adoptively protecting old (24 month) mice from a subsequent fatal challenge infection. survival of such adoptively protected animals was prolonged, but did not extend beyond the mean survival time of uninfected old control mice. during this time the passively transferred memory ... | 1989 | 2521305 |
| vaccination with mycobacterium bovis bcg affects the distribution of fc receptor-bearing t lymphocytes in experimental pulmonary tuberculosis. | inbred strain 2 guinea pigs were vaccinated with mycobacterium bovis bcg or were left unvaccinated and challenged 6 weeks later by the respiratory route with virulent mycobacterium tuberculosis. by using a double rosette assay with isotype-specific antibody-coated ox and uncoated rabbit erythrocytes, the proportions of t lymphocytes bearing fc receptors for immunoglobulin g (igg) (t gamma cells) or igm (t mu cells) were quantified in tissues taken from animals that were killed within 4 weeks pos ... | 1989 | 2523350 |
| [bacteriological method of examination in the diagnosis of reactivation of the tuberculous process among contingents in ambulatory care group vii]. | under field conditions repeated bacteriological examination of tuberculous persons registered in the dispensary group vii was performed in 2 regions of the kazakh ssr with different levels of the epidemiological process. the frequency of tubercle bacilli isolation in the persons ranged from 2.7 per cent in the region with a relatively favourable situation with respect to tuberculosis to 14.5 per cent in the region with the epidemiologically unfavourable situation. on the whole, in both the regio ... | 1989 | 2524062 |
| activation of gamma delta t cells in the primary immune response to mycobacterium tuberculosis. | although the immunologic role of t cells bearing the conventional alpha beta t cell receptor (tcr) has been well characterized, little is known about the function of the population of t cells bearing the gamma delta tcr. therefore, the role of gamma delta t cells in the immune response to mycobacterium tuberculosis (mt) was investigated. the number of tcr gamma delta cells in the draining lymph nodes of mice immunized with mt was greatly increased in comparison with the number of tcr alpha beta ... | 1989 | 2524098 |
| stimulation of a major subset of lymphocytes expressing t cell receptor gamma delta by an antigen derived from mycobacterium tuberculosis. | to investigate the possible function(s) of t cell receptor (tcr) gamma delta expressing lymphocytes, we generated a series of gamma delta tcr surface positive hybridomas. spontaneous producers of il-2 were quite common among these hybridomas, particularly those expressing a certain v delta gene or gene family (v delta m23). several other experiments indicated that il-2 production in these hybridomas is triggered via tcr gamma delta. surprisingly, every spontaneously reactive gamma delta+ hybrido ... | 1989 | 2524273 |
| comparative antimycobacterial activities of difloxacin, temafloxacin, enoxacin, pefloxacin, reference fluoroquinolones, and a new macrolide, clarithromycin. | the activities of fluoroquinolones and a new macrolide against 30 clinical isolates of mycobacterium tuberculosis were determined in vitro by agar diffusion. in order of relative potencies against m. tuberculosis, temafloxacin (mic for 90% of isolates [mic90], 2.3 micrograms/ml) was at least as active as the reference quinolones ofloxacin (mic90, 2.4 micrograms/ml) and ciprofloxacin (mic90, 4.3 micrograms/ml). less active were difloxacin (mic90, 4.7 micrograms/ml), pefloxacin (mic90, 6.7 microgr ... | 1989 | 2524998 |
| [status of bacteriological services in tuberculosis institutions of the rsfsr and prospects of their improvement]. | organization of the work of bacteriological laboratories in tuberculosis institutions of the rsfsr is discussed in regard to the aspects of their lawful status, functions and activity results. it was shown with extensive materials (from more than 30 administrative territories) that systemic bacteriological examination of the groups of high tuberculosis risk markedly lowered the number of the sources of tubercle bacilli isolation not registered in tuberculosis dispensaries. patients with urogenit ... | 1989 | 2526332 |
| resident pulmonary lymphocytes expressing the gamma/delta t-cell receptor. | the biological role of cells bearing the gamma delta t-cell antigen receptor (tcr) is as yet unclear. although there are indications that some gamma delta+ cells can mediate cytotoxicity, their antigen-related functions have not yet been defined. in the mouse, gamma delta+ cells constitute 1-3% of t cells in lymphoid organs. intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (iels) and dendritic epidermal cells (decs) also appear to carry the gamma delta tcr. the strategic locations of decs and iels have le ... | 1989 | 2526925 |
| [tuberculin response in school children in pacasmayo, peru]. | to shed some light on the controversy over the protective effect of bcg vaccine and the usefulness of the tuberculin test in countries with a high prevalence of tuberculosis, in september and october 1987 the test was administered to 440 primary school students in the province of pacasmayo, peru. the subjects, both vaccinated with bcg and unvaccinated, ranging from 6 to 10 years of age and coming from rural and urban areas with corresponding vaccination coverage of 55 and 60%, were selected by c ... | 1989 | 2533868 |
| mycobacteria and the new quinolones. | | 1989 | 2540705 |
| diagnostic usefulness of mycobacterial skin test antigens in childhood lymphadenitis. | nontuberculous mycobacterial (ntm) infections are a frequent cause of chronic lymphadenitis in children. previous studies of ntm antigen skin testing were inconclusive as a result of problems with study design and antigen formulation. the present study was undertaken with the centers for disease control to determine whether newly formulated ntm skin test antigens applied in a double blind manner with a standard purified protein derivative could accurately distinguish ntm infections from those ca ... | 1989 | 2541397 |
| structure and mapping of antigenic domains of protein antigen b, a 38,000-molecular-weight protein of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | only a limited number of proteins from mycobacterium tuberculosis have so far been shown to possess species-specific epitopes as defined by monoclonal antibodies. one such protein is protein antigen b (pab) of molecular weight 38,000, which binds the monoclonal antibodies hyt 28, hat 2, hbt 12, hgt 3, tb 71, and tb 72. the gene encoding this protein was isolated from a lambda gt11 m. tuberculosis dna library. the nucleotide sequence of the recombinant mycobacterial insert was determined, and an ... | 1989 | 2545626 |
| aids: neurological opportunist infections in central london. | twenty six (41%) of 64 central london cases of aids with nervous system involvement during the course of the illness had neurological opportunist infection. cytomegalovirus and toxoplasma gondii were the commonest agents in 22 cases with central nervous system (cns) infection. eight cases had herpes zoster radiculopathy. other infections included those caused by cryptococcus neoformans, mycobacterium tuberculosis and papova jc virus. prognosis was generally poor, irrespective of whether the oppo ... | 1989 | 2547063 |
| synthesis and reactivity of the oxovanadium(iv) complexes of two n-o donors and potentiation of the antituberculosis activity of one of them on chelation to metal ions: part iv. | a new series of oxovanadium(iv) complexes of two aromatic acidhydrazides (bh and ah) have been reported. of these two donors, ah is known to possess considerable in vitro antitubercular activity. at ph 2-4, oxometal complexes of the type [vo(bh/ah)2so4].nh2o (n = 1, 0) and [vo(bh/ah)(c2o4)h2o].h2o (bh = c6h5conhnh2 and ah = (2-nh2)c6h4.co.nhnh2) were obtained. reactions of [vo(bh/ah)(c2o4)h2o].h2o with a monodentate lewis base lead to the isolation of metal-ligand complexes [vo(bh/ah)(c2o4)l].nh ... | 1989 | 2547895 |
| genetic relatedness among mycobacterium tuberculosis and m. bovis. | total dna from two slowly-growing pathogenic mycobacterial species propagated in vitro was isolated, digested with each of 34 restriction endonucleases and analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis. the most resolved patterns for m. tuberculosis (atcc 27294) and for m. bovis (atcc 19210) were obtained respectively using (bamhi, drai, clai, ecori, ecorv, hindiii, hpai, sali, smai, xbai and xmai). the patterns produced for these strains were reproducible and distinguishable from each other respectiv ... | 1989 | 2548360 |
| minimal inhibitory concentrations of rifabutin, ciprofloxacin, and ofloxacin against mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated before treatment of patients in taiwan. | minimal inhibitory concentrations (mics) of rifabutin, ciprofloxacin, and ofloxacin were determined for "wild" mycobacterium tuberculosis strains, susceptible to all antituberculosis drugs in the conventional test, isolated from newly diagnosed taiwanese patients who had never had prior treatment for tuberculosis. these mics were within the limits previously reported for strains isolated in the united states. the range of mics of rifabutin for taiwanese strains was 0.015 to 0.125 micrograms/ml; ... | 1989 | 2552883 |
| pulmonary disease in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. | pulmonary disease is the most important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). all parts of the hospital system are expected to be involved in the diagnosis and treatment of hiv infected patients in the coming years. many different processes cause pulmonary disease alone or in combination. bilateral interstitial infiltrates are the most frequent chest x-ray abnormality and are most frequently caused by infection with pneumocystis carinii. c ... | 1989 | 2553341 |
| [in vitro susceptibility testing of nontuberculous mycobacteria to streptomycin, kanamycin and enviomycin]. | in vitro susceptibility testing to streptomycin, kanamycin and enviomycin was carried out in nontuberculous mycobacteria and the results were compared with those of m. tuberculosis strains. among nontuberculous mycobacteria tested, only m. xenopi strains exhibited similar minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) values to streptomycin with m. tuberculosis strains. on the other hand, m. xenopi, m. malmoense and m. marinum strains showed the same mic values to kanamycin with the mic values for m. tu ... | 1989 | 2554046 |
| growth of m. tuberculosis h37rv strain in 7h12 middlebrook liquid medium in the presence of acridine orange and tha. | the influence of acridine orange and tha on the growth of mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv strain in 7h12 middlebrook liquid medium was studied. as compared to acridine orange, tha also inhibited the growth of the h37rv mycobacterium tuberculosis strain but at much higher concentrations. | 1989 | 2554470 |
| [a case of pulmonary tuberculosis in a long-term survivor with small cell carcinoma of the lung]. | a 64-year-old woman complained of chest pain, back pain and dry cough. chest x-ray film showed marked left hilar enlargement and left pleural effusion. biopsy of the bronchial mucosa and demonstrated small cell carcinoma of the lung. treatment with cisplatin, adriamycin and etoposide led to regression of symptoms and chest x-ray findings within 3 months. she received maintenance chemotherapies at the outpatient clinic for 2 years after the first therapy. thirty-months after the first admission, ... | 1989 | 2555615 |
| [the current situation of mycobacterial chemoresistance and its implications for antitubercular treatment]. | the data in the present paper consider, for a longer period, the secondary and the initial drug resistance in pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis. the paper studies mainly the period of the last 9 years (1979-1987) in comparison with a previous period of 6 years (1973-1978). the 2,194 antibiograms performed for 7 common tuberculostatics show an increase, in the last years, of the general resistance of the germs from 24.3% to 36%. the increase of the resistance is noticed to all the tubercu ... | 1989 | 2555898 |
| [an evaluation of the results of the use of a short-duration chemotherapy regimen (3+3) in cases with tuberculosis of the respiratory tract in 1986]. | | 1989 | 2555903 |
| [new tuberculostatics under experiment. results and prospects]. | | 1989 | 2555909 |
| [reasons for delayed diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis]. | 100 patients at first treatment were investigated according to a complete questionnaire for explaining the causes of tardy diagnosis in pulmonary tuberculosis. the roles of the disease, patient and physician in this delay were followed. the insidious or atypical onset of the disease in 82% of these patients explains the long interval (107.2 days on the average) elapsed between the appearance of the first symptoms and the diagnosis determination. as a consequence of low cultural level, many patie ... | 1989 | 2560245 |
| effect of breast-feeding on immune response to bcg vaccination. | the effect on bcg immunisation of feeding either formula or breast milk was assessed in canadian cree infants who were vaccinated either at birth or after 1 month of age. the response to bcg was measured in terms of lymphocyte blastogenesis stimulated by purified protein derivative of mycobacterium tuberculosis. breast-feeding significantly enhanced cell-mediated immune response to bcg vaccine given at birth, but had no significant effect if vaccine was given after 1 month. these findings were n ... | 1989 | 2563456 |
| the mycobacterium tuberculosis bcg-a protein has homology with the escherichia coli groes protein. | | 1989 | 2564178 |
| genetic relationships among mycobacterium leprae, mycobacterium tuberculosis, and candidate leprosy vaccine strains determined by dna hybridization: identification of an m. leprae-specific repetitive sequence. | comparative dna hybridization studies of genomic dna indicated that, while different isolates of armadillo-derived mycobacterium leprae have a high degree of homology, binding of m. leprae genomic dna to dna of other species of mycobacteria or to corynebacteria was low, establishing that m. leprae is only remotely genetically related to any of the species examined. several candidate leprosy vaccine mycobacterial strains were similarly found to have little genetic similarity to m. leprae. in cont ... | 1989 | 2565292 |
| crohn's disease, sulfasalazine, and mycobacteria. | the in vitro antimycobacterial activities of sulfasalazine and its split products, mesalazine (5-aminosalicylic acid) and sulfapyridine, against 170 mycobacterial strains belonging to 17 species were compared with those of diaminodiphenylsulfone, sulfadimethoxine, olsalazine, and para-aminosalicyclic acid. only para-aminosalicylic acid showed consistent activity against mycobacterium tuberculosis. these data suggest that the principle of activity of sulfasalazine in crohn's disease is not an ant ... | 1989 | 2567777 |
| chlamydial disease pathogenesis. the 57-kd chlamydial hypersensitivity antigen is a stress response protein. | chlamydia trachomatis infection of humans is commonly a localized inflammation that can result in infertility, blindness, and perhaps arthritis. the pathogenic process(es) that cause these sequelae are thought to be immunological. a 57-kd protein that is common among chlamydia elicits ocular inflammation when introduced onto the conjunctivae of guinea pigs or nonhuman primates previously sensitized by chlamydial infection. this protein is thought to mediate the immunopathology that follows chlam ... | 1989 | 2571668 |
| endometrial flora of infertile women in zaria, northern nigeria. | microbiological study of the endometrium of 114 infertile women cultured 48 organisms (42.2%) from 42 patients (36.8%). mycobacterium tuberculosis (16.7%) and group b streptococcus (8.8%) were the commonest organisms isolated. these organisms were also most commonly isolated from patients between the ages of 20 and 30 years. there is, however, an overall increase in the frequency of bacterial isolation with age-cohorts. of the colonised patients, 36.8% were of parity less than two and most (26.3 ... | 1989 | 2572486 |
| rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis by amplification of mycobacterial dna in clinical samples. | a method based on dna amplification and hybridisation for the rapid detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis was used to test 35 clinical specimens (sputum, gastric aspirate, abscess aspirate, biopsy sample) from 34 patients in whom tuberculosis was suspected. m tuberculosis was detected in 15 specimens, 2 of which were negative by standard microbiological criteria (microscopy and/or culture). 20 specimens, negative by standard methods, were also negative by the amplification method. m tuberculos ... | 1989 | 2572798 |
| nosocomial epidemic of active tuberculosis among hiv-infected patients. | in an investigation of a nosocomial outbreak of tuberculosis, 18 hiv-infected inpatients were found to have been exposed to mycobacterium tuberculosis; active tuberculosis developed in 8, 7 within 60 days of diagnosis of the index case. the patients with lower total lymphocyte and cd4 lymphocyte counts were more likely to get the disease than were those with higher counts. a low score on multiple antigen skin testing was also associated with the development of active tuberculosis. 4 of the 18 pa ... | 1989 | 2574778 |
| polymorphic repetitive dna sequences in mycobacterium tuberculosis detected with a gene probe from a mycobacterium fortuitum plasmid. | clinical isolates of mycobacterium tuberculosis were shown by southern blotting to contain dna sequences hybridizing to a probe derived from a mycobacterium fortuitum plasmid. two such m. tuberculosis dna fragments, isolated from a gene library, were used as probes to show restriction fragment length polymorphism in m. tuberculosis strains by detecting a repetitive sequence apparently located at different points on the chromosome. this could indicate the presence of a transposable element in m. ... | 1989 | 2576436 |
| demonstration of mycobacterium tuberculosis in epoxy resin sections by the ziehl-neelsen technique. | | 1985 | 2578483 |
| mycobacterial antigen-specific human t-cell clones secreting macrophage activating factors. | macrophage activating factor (maf) is produced by antigen-stimulated lymphocytes and activates macrophages for antimicrobial function. the capacity of individual microbial antigens to evoke and regulate this response has been explored using an affinity purified antigen (tb68) of mycobacterium tuberculosis in combination with t-cell cloning. four helper/inducer clones are described which responded strongly to this antigen. three were specific, proliferating only to tb68 antigen and antigenic prep ... | 1985 | 2579020 |
| unresponsiveness to experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in lewis rats pretreated with complete freund's adjuvant. | a single injection of complete freund's adjuvant blended with aluminum hydroxide gel (alu-cfa) was successfully used to prevent clinical as well as histologic experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (eae) in lewis rats for more than 330 days. adjuvant preparations with mycobacterium tuberculosis were more potent than those with mycobacterium butyricum. neither the removal of the alu-cfa inoculum nor a splenectomy 1 month after immunization arrested the adjuvant induced unresponsiveness. however ... | 1985 | 2579028 |
| specificity study of ppd-reactive human t cell line and clones. | peripheral blood mononuclear cells from a ppd-sensitive human subject, in vitro stimulated by ppd, could be maintained for several weeks in interleukin 2-containing medium, with regular reactivation with ppd and irradiated autologous mononuclear cells used as antigen-presenting cells. the proliferative response of this t cell ppd-reactive bulk culture could be stimulated to proliferate by ppd itself as well as by bcg and other mycobacteria. this t cell line comprised a majority of t cells expres ... | 1985 | 2580782 |
| antibody response in human nocardiosis: identification of two immunodominant culture-filtrate antigens derived from nocardia asteroides. | an ammonium sulfate precipitate derived from a culture filtrate of nocardia asteroides contained 20-30 protein subunits, as identified by gel electrophoresis. western blot analysis of these proteins (obtained from serum samples from patients with systemic nocardiosis) revealed that all of the 17 samples reacted with a subunit of a protein with an apparent molecular weight of 55,000 and that 11 of the 17 samples reacted with a subunit with a molecular weight of 31,000. in contrast, only two of 25 ... | 1985 | 2580915 |
| [device for determining the quantity of reagent during treatment of pathological material for isolation of mycobacterium tuberculosis]. | | 1985 | 2581055 |
| dissection of mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens using recombinant dna. | a recombinant dna strategy has been used systematically to survey the mycobacterium tuberculosis genome for sequences that encode specific antigens detected by monoclonal antibodies. m. tuberculosis genomic dna fragments with randomly generated endpoints were used to construct a large lambda gt11 recombinant dna expression library. sufficient numbers of recombinants were produced to contain inserts whose endpoints occur at nearly every base pair in the pathogen genome. protein antigens specified ... | 1985 | 2581251 |
| [value of homogenizing sputum for isolation of mycobacterium tuberculosis using electrophoresis]. | | 1985 | 2582199 |
| [pathologic changes of infections in patients after receiving immunosuppressive therapy in renal allografts]. | 30 cases of autopsies of patients who died after human renal allografts were studied. the incidence of infection was 60% and the lethal infectious complications amounted to 43%. the most common infectious agents were bacteria, including mycobacterium tuberculosis. in addition, some opportunistic agents, such as cryptococcus, aspergillus, mucormycosis, pneumocystis carinii and cytomegalovirus were also found. all these patients had a history of receiving large dosage of immunosuppressive drugs su ... | 1989 | 2582555 |
| combination chemotherapy with ciprofloxacin for infection with mycobacterium tuberculosis in mouse models. | | 1989 | 2589380 |
| gas chromatography of mycobacterial fatty acids and alcohols: diagnostic applications. | capillary gas chromatography of cellular fatty acids and alcohols has been used as a routine method for a period of two years in the mycobacterial diagnostic laboratory of statens institutt for folkehelse, oslo, norway. all mycobacteria (165 isolates) other than mycobacterium tuberculosis (mott) and 24 randomly selected m. tuberculosis isolates were studied. twelve characteristic lipid constituents allowed the construction of a diagnostic scheme. without exceptions, all 36 examined isolates belo ... | 1989 | 2590535 |
| aids and the lung. introduction. | damage to the immune system induced by the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) leads to a spectrum of opportunistic infections of which the lung is the most common site. in europe and north america, pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is the presenting symptom in 64% of cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) and occurs at some point in 80% of aids victims. this infection is less common in africa, where tuberculosis is the predominant opportunistic infection. other aids-related lung infe ... | 1989 | 2595618 |
| skeletal tuberculosis. two case reports with a delay in diagnosis. | the presence of mycobacterium tuberculosis in the olecranon simulated a "warm" bursitis. in another case a stiff knee due to osteitis in childhood was treated with an arthrodesis because of a confusing story of new trauma. reactivation of previously unrecognized oseoarticular tuberculosis followed. both patients had negative cultures in ordinary medium at the time of the onset of symptoms. | 1989 | 2603695 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis pneumonia in two hiv antibody positive patients. | the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is associated with the development of opportunistic infections. we report the cases of two hiv antibody positive male partners who developed pneumonia responding to antituberculous therapy. | 1989 | 2611099 |
| determination and evolutionary significance of nucleotide sequences near to the 3'-end of 16s ribosomal rna of mycobacteria. | the nucleotide sequence at the 3'-end of 16sr-rna (nucleotides 1305-1508) was determined, by the primer extension method, for mycobacterium smegmatis, mycobacterium tuberculosis and mycobacterium vaccae, in addition to mycobacterium leprae. no differences in nucleotide sequence were detected, indicating that this region of 16srrna is highly conserved among mycobacteria. the nucleotide sequence common to the four above-mentioned mycobacteria differs from that reported for species of other genera. ... | 1989 | 2612878 |
| [ventriculoperitoneal shunt for hydrocephalus secondary to tuberculous meningitis: a case report]. | a case of hydrocephalus secondary to tuberculous meningitis is reported. a 6-month-old baby was admitted to our hospital with a 10-day history of high fever. neurological examination revealed no abnormal findings other than neck stiffness. cerebrospinal fluid findings suggested tuberculous meningitis, because of pleocytosis (608/mm3, 100% lymphocytes) and reduced sugar content (19 mg/dl). mycobacterium tuberculosis was found in cerebrospinal fluid culture. although anti-tuberculous therapy was a ... | 1989 | 2615908 |
| pulmonary diseases in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus in zimbabwe, central africa. | during the 11 month period up to 30 september 1987, 37 patients (26 male, 11 female, mean age 27 years) with respiratory symptoms who were human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) positive, were studied prospectively on 40 occasions to determine the cause of any pulmonary complications. hiv was heterosexually transmitted. predominant symptoms were cough (89%), fever (89%), weight loss (83%), and dyspnoea (60%). transnasal fibre-optic bronchoscopy (with bronchoalveolar lavage, bronchial brushings and t ... | 1989 | 2617633 |
| multiple subcutaneous abscesses due to mycobacterium tuberculosis in an immunocompetent host. | a 58-year-old immunocompetent man presented with a 9-month history of several disseminated subcutaneous ulcerative nodules, fever and weight loss. histopathological changes were not specific. x-ray of the chest disclosed a large right hilar density highly suggestive of a lung carcinoma. all these manifestations eventually proved to be caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis, which grew from sputum and skin. we report this case because of its striking clinical features. | 1989 | 2620752 |
| genitourinary infections caused by mycobacteria other than mycobacterium tuberculosis. | non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections are usually found in the respiratory tract: infection confined to the genito-urinary system is rare. we report two patients with isolated genito-urinary infections, one due to mycobacterium chelonae and the other to mycobacterium avium-intracellulare. | 1989 | 2626805 |
| biological and immunological properties of avirulent strain of listeria innocua. | the strain isolated by dr. j. h. welshimer from plants has antigenic formula v (vi) ix; xv; xi; ab, c--serovar 6a, is non-haemolytic, produces lipase, and toxic factor ei, is avirulent for adult mice, but causes encephalitis in sucklings. in organs of intravenously injected mice the strain persists and multiplies for 1-3 weeks. the protective effect against listerial infections in mice of this strain administered 2-14 days before challenge is dose depending. after 3 weeks induces resistance of g ... | 1989 | 2631501 |
| [mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in persons infected with hiv and its characteristics in the hiv-infected population in slovenia]. | the problem of tuberculosis (tb) in population, infected by human immunodeficiency virus i (hiv i) in slovenia is presented in the period from 1986 when the first patient was registered, till 1989. in slovenia it has been established that tb plays an important role in patients with hiv infection. out of 14 patients with symptomatic hiv infection, 6 suffered from pulmonary tb and 1 patient from extrapulmonary tb (50%), mostly being expressed already in the early stage of hiv infection. in 3 patie ... | 1989 | 2636392 |
| cloning and characterization of the gene for immunogenic protein mpb64 of mycobacterium bovis bcg. | the gene for immunogenic protein mpb64 found in culture filtrates of only mycobacterium tuberculosis and some strains of mycobacterium bovis bcg was cloned by using a single-probe method and was sequenced. the gene analysis revealed that the structural gene for mpb64 consisted of 618 base pairs, and its deduced molecular weight was 22,400. twenty-two amino acids for a putative signal peptide and 205 amino acids for the mpb64 protein were observed. in the coding region, the third letter of the co ... | 1989 | 2642468 |
| tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus infection. | progressive human immunodeficiency virus infection eventually leads to activation and dissemination of a wide variety of microorganisms normally held in check by the cellular immune system. mycobacterium tuberculosis is one of these pathogens, and the disease caused by it has become a common presenting infection in the patient with aids. dr. richard e. chaisson and dr. gary slutkin have studied tuberculosis in the united states and worldwide, respectively. in this aids commentary they address th ... | 1989 | 2642524 |
| gastrointestinal tuberculosis: resurgence of an old pathogen. | thirteen patients with gastrointestinal tuberculosis (gitb) were treated at our hospitals from 1977-1987. ten of these patients were seen during the last four years. three patients required operative intervention for management of complications of their disease. this review discusses the presentation, diagnosis, and operative management of gitb. the authors feel that the increasing prevalence of gitb noted in their institution is primarily the result of the growing prevalence of mycobacterium tu ... | 1989 | 2643908 |
| characterization and taxonomic implications of the rrna genes of mycobacterium leprae. | the number of rrna genes of mycobacterium leprae was determined by restriction analysis of m. leprae total chromosomal dna. a single set of rrna genes was found. this set was subcloned from a cosmid library of m. leprae dna into puc13 and was characterized by restriction analysis and hybridization with escherichia coli rrna genes. the 16s, 23s, and 5s genes of m. leprae were clustered on a 5.3-kilobase dna fragment. on one hand, restriction analysis of the set of rrna genes showed the uniqueness ... | 1989 | 2644213 |
| evaluation of a new blood culture medium for mycobacteria. | this study evaluates the sensitivity and detection time of a new radiometric broth (bactec 13a medium, johnston laboratories, towson, md) designed for direct blood culturing for mycobacteria. a total of 1,848 blood specimens were cultured in parallel by a new method in which blood was directly inoculated into 13a medium and a comparative method involving lysis-centrifugation and inoculation of 7h11 agar and 7h12 broth media. there were 65 blood cultures with positive results (64 mycobacterium av ... | 1989 | 2646910 |
| a controlled trial of 3-month, 4-month, and 6-month regimens of chemotherapy for sputum-smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis. results at 5 years. hong kong chest service/tuberculosis research centre, madras/british medical research council. | of 1,710 chinese patients with radiologically active pulmonary tuberculosis but with sputum negative for acid-fast bacilli on four or more initial microscopic examinations who were studied for 5 yr, 592 (35%) had one or more initial sputum cultures positive for mycobacterium tuberculosis. these 592 patients were randomly allocated to receive streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampin, and pyrazinamide daily for 4 months or 3 times a week for either 4 or 6 months. the remaining 1,118 patients with all the ... | 1989 | 2648911 |
| tuberculous peritonitis complicating long-term peritoneal dialysis. report of 5 cases and review of the literature. | the characteristics of 5 patients who developed tuberculous peritonitis while receiving long-term peritoneal dialysis (pd) are presented. there were 2 males and 3 females. 3 patients were on intermittent and 2 were on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis when tuberculous peritonitis was first diagnosed. none of the patients had recently received immunosuppression therapy or were diabetics. the clinical presentations were similar to other forms of peritonitis complicating pd except for a mor ... | 1989 | 2662772 |
| in vivo treatment with anti-cd8 and anti-cd5 monoclonal antibodies alters induced tolerance to adjuvant arthritis. | resistance (low dose tolerance) to adjuvant arthritis was induced by intradermal immunization with 10 micrograms mycobacterium tuberculosis administered 5 and 3 weeks before induction of arthritis. with the purpose of determining phenotypes of cells which participate in the maintenance of the induced resistance to adjuvant arthritis, tolerized rats were treated with two different anti-t-cell monoclonal antibodies. in tolerized rats, it was shown that anti-cd8 (ox8) antibodies, which caused an el ... | 1989 | 2663889 |
| tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus infection. | because of the abnormalities of host defenses caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), persons with hiv infection are vulnerable to tuberculosis. inferential data from several parts of the country indicate increases in tuberculosis case rates, probably occurring in patients with hiv infection. in a person infected with both hiv and mycobacterium tuberculosis, attack rates of tuberculosis seem to be very high. in general, the disease tends to occur earlier in the course of hiv infection ... | 1989 | 2664935 |
| tuberculosis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. review of current concepts. | tuberculosis is a frequent complication of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-induced immunosuppression. the diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in patients with evidence of hiv infection qualifies as a criterion of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. demographic characteristics of patients with tuberculosis and hiv infection vary by region and reflect the degree to which patients with mycobacterium tuberculosis infection adopt behaviors that put them at risk for hiv infection. the clin ... | 1989 | 2665321 |
| patterns of il-2 production and utilization in mice heavily infected with mycobacterium bovis bcg reflect the phase of protective immunity being expressed. | the results shown here demonstrate that in mice heavily infected with mycobacterium bovis bcg pasteur, mitogen-induced levels of interleukin-2 (il-2) correlate temporally with the state of immunity that is being expressed in the animal during the course of the infection. active immunity, which is conferred by populations of both cd4+ (l3t4) and cd8+ (lyt-2) t lymphocytes, and memory immunity, which is mediated by a population of cd4+ t lymphocytes, were identified and distinguished in terms of t ... | 1989 | 2666309 |
| primary mediastinal tuberculous abscess: demonstration with mr. | an unusual case of primary mediastinal tuberculous abscess is presented in whom the diagnosis was obtained on magnetic resonance (mr) and ultrasound (us) guided aspiration cytology. mycobacterium tuberculosis was isolated from direct smear as well as from culture of the "pus". normal spine signal with mr and normal bone scintigraphy excluded any vertebral focus of infection. mr was helpful in, defining the extent and characterising the abscess, besides excluding a vertebral focus of infection. | 1989 | 2666939 |
| aids-related heart disease: a review of the literature. | heart disease related to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) encompasses a number of pathologic findings that may or may not be associated with specific cardiac signs and symptoms. a review of 30 reports revealed that cardiac disorders were apparent in 424 (74%) of 574 aids patients. neoplasms and opportunistic infections each were reported in 46 (8%) patients. the area of the heart most commonly affected was the myocardium. pericardial disease as a single disorder was apparent in 14 p ... | 1989 | 2671277 |
| the physician's role in tuberculosis prevention. | tuberculosis is not only treatable but preventable as well. a number of options exist for reducing the transmission of tubercle bacilli. practitioners are in a position to intervene directly on behalf of their patients and indirectly by promptly reporting infectious patients to local public health authorities. a considerable body of information supports the use of isoniazid in persons who are infected by mycobacterium tuberculosis and who also have readily identifiable characteristics that place ... | 1989 | 2673645 |
| the diagnosis and management of disease caused by m. avium complex, m. kansasii, and other mycobacteria. | because mycobacteria other than mycobacterium tuberculosis are common in the environment and yet are infrequent causes of disease in humans, their isolation from a clinical specimen must be carefully evaluated before concluding that disease exists. it is often necessary to accumulate and weigh a cascade of various clinical factors before a diagnosis can be made. mycobacterium avium complex has emerged as an increasingly important pathogen, particularly in patients with the acquired immunodeficie ... | 1989 | 2673651 |
| mycobacterial disease in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. | mycobacterial disease is an increasingly common and serious problem in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. whereas mycobacterium avium complex organisms are noncommunicable and extremely difficult to treat, mycobacterium tuberculosis is transmissible to patients who do not have the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, but is preventable and treatable. | 1989 | 2673652 |
| effect of zinc deficiency on the appearance of two immunodominant protein antigens (32 kda and 65 kda) in culture filtrates of mycobacteria. | after growth of six strains of mycobacteria on sauton medium in the absence of added zn2+, cell yields were lowered, to between 22% and 67% of the yields obtained when zn2+ (5 microm) was added. two immunodominant proteins, named p64 and p32 (antigens of 62-65 kda and 29-33 kda, respectively) were abundant in culture filtrates after growth of mycobacteria. p64 was present at elevated concentrations (showing a 9- to 16-fold increase as a percentage of the total protein released) after zn2+-defici ... | 1989 | 2674326 |
| acquired immune deficiency syndrome in childhood. neurological aspects. | central nervous system (cns) involvement is very frequently observed in pediatric aids. clinical manifestations include encephalopathy, cognitive deficits, acquired microcephaly, neurological signs, myelopathy, and peripheral neuropathy. neurological complications can be related to opportunistic viral infections such as encephalitis, atypical aseptic meningitis, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, and myelitis. nonviral syndromes include: toxoplasmosis, cryptococcal meningitis, candidias ... | 1989 | 2680079 |
| adoptive immunity to mycobacterium bovis strain bacillus calmette-guérin by long-term cultured t-cell line in nude mice. | tuberculin-active peptide-reactive t-cell lines were established from the popliteal lymph node of balb/ca mice immunized with heat-killed mycobacterium tuberculosis to investigate the cellular mechanisms in the protective immunity of tuberculosis. these t-cell lines, consisting mainly of l3t4 surface antigen-positive cells, were transferred intravenously into nude mice infected with m. bovis strain bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg). four or 6 weeks after transfer, footpad swelling and hepatic granu ... | 1989 | 2680910 |
| seminal vesicle abscesses: spectrum of computed tomographic findings. | the computed tomographic (ct) findings in four cases of seminal vesicle abscess are presented. the predominant infectious organism in two cases was escherichia coli, one case was probably caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis, and another by atypical mycobacterium. the ct findings included unilateral (three cases) or bilateral involvement (one case), seminal vesicle enlargement with hypodense areas within the gland (three cases), adjacent perivesicle inflammation (three cases), and associated bla ... | 1989 | 2688255 |
| ofloxacin: a review. | ofloxacin is a new fluorinated quinolone antibiotic with a broad spectrum of activity against a variety of gram-positive and -negative bacteria including enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. in addition, ofloxacin has significant activity against neisseria gonorrhoeae, chlamydia trachomatis, and mycobacterium tuberculosis and this may give rise to new indications for the class of quinolone antibiotics. clinical trials to date have demonstra ... | 1989 | 2688325 |
| regression of adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats following bone marrow transplantation. | total body irradiation followed by bone marrow transplantation was found to be an effective treatment for adjuvant arthritis induced in rats. this treatment is most effective when applied shortly after the clinical manifestation of arthritis--i.e., 4-7 weeks after administration of mycobacterium tuberculosis. transplantation of bone marrow at a later stage results in a limited recovery, in that the inflammatory reaction regresses but the newly formed excessive bone is not eliminated. local irrad ... | 1989 | 2690067 |
| [chondrocostal and chondrosternal tuberculosis in 2 heroin addicts infected with the human immunodeficiency virus]. | we report two cases of osteoarticular tuberculosis in heroin addict patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. both patients presented an inflammatory tumor in the anterior chest wall, with subacute onset; one patient had chondrosternal involvement and the other had chondrocostal involvement with a retrosternal pus collection. diagnosis was established by needle aspiration of the tumor that gave raise to caseum. ziehl-neelsen stain was positive and löwenstein-jensen culture yielded myc ... | 1989 | 2691771 |
| genetics and molecular pathogenesis of legionella pneumophila, an intracellular parasite of macrophages. | in addition to providing a powerful approach for identifying bacterial factors required for full infectivity and disease production, genetic analysis of legionella pathogenesis should also lend critical insight into the biology of the macrophage and into the pathogenesis of other intracellular parasites. the interaction between l. pneumophila and the macrophage exhibits many features found in a wide variety of prokaryotic and eukaryotic intracellular human pathogens. for example, binding to comp ... | 1989 | 2696860 |
| [cytologic diagnosis of tuberculous mastitis. report of a case and review of the literature]. | a case of breast lump is reported in a 42-year old woman, clinically simulating carcinoma. a fine-neddle aspiration biopsy was performed, the cytology showing granulomatous inflammatory process and mycobacterium tuberculosis. review of the literature was undertaken and discussed with regard to incidence, clinical presentation, mode of infection, classification, treatment and diagnosis of tuberculous mastitis, focusing on the fine-needle aspiration biopsy as a diagnosis procedure and the cytologi ... | 1989 | 2697930 |
| brain lesions in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | infections involving the brain have become a major complication in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. we have reviewed 48 cases of central nervous system lesions in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. and its related complex. all patients had computed tomographic scans with contrast performed; 31 of 48 were intravenous drug abusers. computed tomographic abnormalities found included 21 patients with multiple ring-enhancing lesions, 13 with single ring-enhancing lesion ... | 1989 | 2705847 |
| bronchopulmonary cross-colonization and infection related to mycobacterial contamination of suction valves of bronchoscopes. | recurrent episodes of mycobacterial cross-contamination of bronchoscopy specimens were identified in a large, tertiary-care referral center. one episode was followed by active pulmonary infection due to mycobacterium tuberculosis. initial epidemiologic investigation implicated the flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopes. in experiments, bronchoscopes and related equipment were exposed to a saline suspension of m. fortuitum (10(5)-10(7)/ml). bronchoscopes were readily sterilized by routine cleaning and ... | 1989 | 2708844 |
| pathogenesis of tuberculosis: clinical and epidemiologic perspective. | mycobacterium tuberculosis is one of several pathogens that confer resistance to reinfection, but its persistence presents a constant threat to the host. in countries where the incidence of tuberculosis is low, most cases appear to be caused by recrudescence of old infection. the ability of the organism to produce protection against a new infection, at least in theory, affords an opportunity to induce resistance by vaccination. although exogenous reinfection is documented in a recent paper, data ... | 1989 | 2711098 |
| pulmonary tuberculosis in south african gold miners. | in 1977, a comprehensive tuberculosis management program was introduced at a medical facility which then served approximately 65,000 black gold miners. the effectiveness of this program was evaluated from the relapse rate after treatment in 2,776 men. post-treatment follow-up averaged 23.5 months. limited information on potential determinants of relapse was available for all subjects and more detailed information for subsets. the drug regimen was the major determinant of relapse. age was not a d ... | 1989 | 2712435 |
| simultaneous pneumococcal arthritis and osteoarticular tuberculosis. | we have reported the case of a 79-year-old woman who had a pneumococcal pyarthrosis in a chronically swollen knee. expected improvement did not occur despite appropriate medical and surgical therapy. mycobacterium tuberculosis was subsequently cultured from fluid aspirated from the patient's joint. this is the first reported case of concomitant pneumococcal pyarthrosis and osteoarticular tuberculosis. | 1989 | 2717996 |
| tuberculosis of the nervous system. a clinical, radiological and pathological study of 39 consecutive cases in riyadh, saudi arabia. | thirty-seven consecutive adults and 2 children with tuberculosis of the nervous system were studied. twenty-eight patients (72%) had intracranial or intraspinal tuberculomas and only 11 patients (28%) had tuberculous meningitis. of the 14 patients (36%) with intracranial tuberculomas 6 presented with epilepsy of late onset including convulsive status epilepticus(2). the 6 patients with multiple tuberculomas some of which were situated in the infratentorial compartment were surprisingly free of m ... | 1989 | 2723675 |
| rifampin-associated thrombocytopenia secondary to poor compliance. | rifampin can be associated with severe adverse effects such as hepatitis, acute renal failure, hemolytic anemia, and thrombocytopenia. thrombocytopenia has traditionally been associated with intermittent therapy. this article reports the occurrence of rifampin-associated thrombocytopenia in an indigent patient after a four-month lapse in therapy for pulmonary tuberculosis. the patient's platelet count dropped rapidly to a level of 1000/mm3 after receiving a single 600 mg dose of rifampin. after ... | 1989 | 2728526 |
| the epidemiology of tuberculosis in alaska, 1987. | alaska's tuberculosis morbidity and mortality rates have declined dramatically since the 1950's. at the same time, the epidemiologic characteristics of the disease in alaska have changed. the tuberculosis incidence rate is now highest among persons of asian ancestry, particularly the foreign-born. the high rate of disease in alaskan children indicates that active transmission of mycobacterium tuberculosis to previously uninfected persons is still occurring. the large proportion of cases among pe ... | 1989 | 2729525 |
| the chemical composition of immunoaffinity-purified mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen 5. | | 1989 | 2729761 |
| unsuspected pulmonary tuberculosis in a community teaching hospital. | tuberculosis remains a significant clinical and public health problem in the united states. to determine if a significant proportion of hospitalized patients diagnosed as having pulmonary tuberculosis were not suspected of the disease following initial patient assessment, we retrospectively reviewed the microbiology records of a 515-bed community teaching hospital and identified all patients with culture-proven mycobacterium tuberculosis infection hospitalized between january 1983 and december 1 ... | 1989 | 2730247 |