| genetic variability of human metapneumovirus infection: evidence of a shift in viral genotype without a change in illness. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) was identified in 2001 as a cause of acute respiratory illness, but its characteristics are still being defined. we analyzed 3740 nasopharyngeal-wash specimens obtained during 2002-2004, using assays for common respiratory viruses and real-time polymerase chain reaction for hmpv. we detected hmpv in 5% of all specimens, compared with 28% for other respiratory viruses. nucleotide sequence analysis of hmpv isolates revealed the predominant circulation of hmpv genotype ... | 2006 | 16388487 |
| surveillance of respiratory virus infections in adult hospital admissions using rapid methods. | both influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) cause epidemics of respiratory illness of variable severity during the winter season. influenza in particular has been blamed for hospital winter bed pressures, although it is thought that rsv may also play a role. human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a new respiratory virus reported to be important in children; only a limited number of studies are available for adult populations. we aimed to determine initially the burden of virologically confirme ... | 2006 | 16388686 |
| human metapneumovirus infections in hospitalised infants in spain. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) causes lower respiratory tract infections, particularly in young children and the elderly. | 2006 | 16399780 |
| association of respiratory picornaviruses with acute bronchiolitis in french infants. | human rhinoviruses and enteroviruses (picornaviridae) are suspected to be major viral etiological causes of bronchiolitis in infants. | 2006 | 16406692 |
| serologic evidence of human metapneumovirus circulation in uruguay. | first identified in 2001, the human metapneumovirus (hmpv), is a respiratory tract pathogen that affects young children, elderly, and immunocompromised patients. the present work represents the first serologic study carried out in uruguay. it was performed with the purpose of obtaining serological evidence of hmpv circulation in uruguay and to contribute to the few serologic reports described until now. sixty nine serum samples collected between 1998 and 2001 by vein puncture from patients witho ... | 2006 | 16410956 |
| [seroprevalence of antibody against human metapneumovirus in beijing]. | to understand the seroprevalence of antibody against the newly identified human metapneumovirus (hmpv) in beijing. | 2005 | 16412351 |
| human metapneumovirus and exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. | respiratory viruses are a common trigger for exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd). human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a paramyxovirus associated with respiratory tract infections and wheezing. our aim was to determine whether hmpv was associated with exacerbations of copd. | 2006 | 16412516 |
| outbreak of human metapneumovirus infection in elderly inpatients in japan. | | 2006 | 16420227 |
| viral pneumonia in older adults. | viruses account for a substantial portion of respiratory illnesses, including pneumonia, in the elderly population. presently, influenza virus a h3n2 and respiratory syncytial virus are the most commonly identified viral pathogens in older adults with viral pneumonia. as diagnostic tests such as reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction become more widely used, the relative importance of additional viruses (such as parainfluenza, rhinoviruses, coronaviruses, and human metapneumovirus) will ... | 2006 | 16421796 |
| association of human metapneumovirus with acute otitis media. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a recently described paramyxovirus that has been associated with acute upper and lower respiratory infection (lri) in infants and children worldwide. we previously observed that one-third of the children with hmpv-associated lri had been diagnosed with a concomitant acute otitis media (aom). in the current study, we sought to investigate an association between hmpv and children presenting with aom as a primary diagnosis. | 2006 | 16427144 |
| the cytoplasmic domain of the f protein of human respiratory syncytial virus is not required for cell fusion. | the cytoplasmic domains of the fusion proteins encoded by several viruses play a role in cell fusion and contain sites for palmitoylation associated with viral protein trafficking and virus assembly. the fusion (f) protein of human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) has a predicted cytoplasmic domain of 26 residues containing a single palmitoylated cysteine residue that is conserved in bovine rsv f protein, but not in the f proteins of other pneumoviruses such as pneumonia virus of mice, human m ... | 2006 | 16432027 |
| cytotoxic t-lymphocyte epitope vaccination protects against human metapneumovirus infection and disease in mice. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) has emerged as an important human respiratory pathogen causing upper and lower respiratory tract infections in young children and older adults. in addition, hmpv infection is associated with asthma exacerbation in young children. recent epidemiological evidence indicates that hmpv may cocirculate with human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) and mediate clinical disease similar to that seen with hrsv. therefore, a vaccine for hmpv is highly desirable. in the present ... | 2006 | 16439559 |
| office pediatrics: current perspectives on the outpatient evaluation and management of lower respiratory infections in children. | the outpatient evaluation and management of a child with lower respiratory infection (lri) remain a challenge to clinicians worldwide. this update will discuss current problems and new developments in the outpatient evaluation and treatment of pediatric lris. | 2006 | 16470166 |
| novel human metapneumovirus sublineage. | in a pediatric surveillance network, 287 (5.1%) of 5,580 specimens from patients with acute respiratory infections tested positive for human metapneumovirus (hmpv). phylogenetic analysis of n- and f-gene sequences of identified hmpv showed that 30% belonged to a novel phylogenetic cluster. | 2006 | 16494734 |
| human metapneumovirus, peru. | we retrospectively studied 420 pharyngeal swab specimens collected from peruvian and argentinean patients with influenzalike illness in 2002 and 2003 for evidence of human metapneumovirus (hmpv). twelve specimens (2.3%) were positive by multiple assays. six specimens yielded hmpv isolates. four of the 6 isolates were of the uncommon b1 genotype. | 2006 | 16494771 |
| brief communication: fatal human metapneumovirus infection in stem-cell transplant recipients. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv), a recently discovered respiratory virus, is associated with clinical disease in young and elderly persons. | 2006 | 16520475 |
| human metapneumovirus: important but not currently diagnosable. | | 2006 | 16520481 |
| human metapneumovirus in adults: a short case series. | this study was carried out to further the available information on adult cases of human metapneumovirus (hmpv), a recently described cause of respiratory infection. among a cohort of 741 symptomatic patients tested since 2003, the virus was diagnosed in six adults using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. of the six, two were from the community, two were hospital inpatients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and two were immunocompromised patients, both of whom required vent ... | 2006 | 16534565 |
| developments in antiviral drug design, discovery and development in 2004. | this article summarizes key aspects of progress made during 2004 toward the design, discovery and development of antiviral agents for clinical use. important developments in the identification, characterization and clinical utility of inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus; the hepatitis viruses, hepatitis b, hepatitis c; the herpes family of viruses, herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2, varicella zoster virus, epstein-barr virus and human cytomegalovirus; the respiratory viruses, influenza, resp ... | 2005 | 16535860 |
| genetic heterogeneity of g and f protein genes from argentinean human metapneumovirus strains. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a newly identified paramixovirus, associated with respiratory illnesses in all age groups. two genetic groups of hmpv have been described. the nucleotide sequences of the g and f genes from 11 argentinean hmpv strains (1998-2003) were determined by rt-pcr and direct sequencing. phylogenetic analysis showed that hmpv strains clustered into two main genetic lineages, a and b. strains clustered into a group were split into two sublineages, a1 and a2. all strains belo ... | 2006 | 16555281 |
| human metapneumovirus in paediatric patients. | acute respiratory tract infections (artis) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children worldwide, but the aetiology of many artis is still unknown. in 2001, researchers in the netherlands reported the discovery of a previously unidentified pathogen called human metapneumovirus (hmpv). since its initial description, hmpv has been associated with arti in europe (italy, france, spain, the uk, germany, denmark, finland and norway), america (the usa, canada, argentina and brazil), asia ... | 2006 | 16524405 |
| human metapneumovirus infection in young children hospitalized with respiratory tract disease. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a newly recognized pathogen associated with respiratory tract disease (rtd). | 2006 | 16567989 |
| [human metapneumovirus in hospitalized children - a review]. | the human metapneumovirus (hmpv) has been discovered by von den hoogen et al. in 2001 and seems to play an important role as etiologic agent in childhood respiratory tract infections in particular involving infants after the 6th month of life and toddlers. duly considering the hitherto published studies and retrospective analysis of two hmpv seasons (2002-2004) at our institution this review focuses on children, who had to be hospitalized due to hmpv infection. the analysis confirmed, that among ... | 2007 | 16586267 |
| respiratory viral threats. | to assess new information from peer-reviewed publications in 2005 regarding emerging respiratory viral threats. | 2006 | 16514342 |
| characterization of human metapneumovirus infections in israel. | respiratory tract infections are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. even with the advancement of diagnostic tools, the causative agent of 20 to 30% of upper respiratory tract infections go undiagnosed. recently, a newly identified human respiratory virus, human metapneumovirus (hmpv), was discovered in young children in the netherlands. to study the prevalence of hmpv infections in israeli children, respiratory specimens from 388 hospitalized children less than 5 years of age ... | 2006 | 16597880 |
| human metapneumovirus infections cause similar symptoms and clinical severity as respiratory syncytial virus infections. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a recently discovered pathogen in respiratory tract infection. the published literature suggests milder illness severity in hmpv compared with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. in two consecutive seasons, 637 nasopharyngeal aspirates from pediatric patients were tested by hmpv polymerase chain reaction, and risk factors and clinical and laboratory items were analyzed. the hmpv patients were compared with hmpv-negative but rsv-positive patients by matche ... | 2006 | 16607540 |
| seasonal distribution and phylogenetic analysis of human metapneumovirus among children in osaka city, japan. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is one of the etiological agents of respiratory tract infection (rti). because clinical symptoms of hmpv resemble those caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), clinical diagnosis of hmpv infection is difficult. moreover, hmpv isolation using cultured cells is generally difficult and not efficient compared with reverse transcription-pcr (rt-pcr). | 2006 | 16460998 |
| [human coronavirus-nl63 was detected in specimens from children with acute respiratory infection in beijing, china]. | a new human coronavirus, hcov-nl63, was identified recently from two dutch children with acute respiratory infection (ari) by two scientists in the netherlands in 2004. to investigate if this newly discovered virus is associated with acute respiratory infections in pediatric patients in beijing, tests were developed to detect hcov-nl63 gene fragments from throat swab and nasopharyngeal aspirates collected from children in outpatient and inpatient departments with ari in beijing from dec. 2003 to ... | 2006 | 16624059 |
| clinical course of hospitalised children infected with human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus. | to describe the clinical presentation and outcomes of hospitalised patients infected with human metapneumovirus (hmpv) and human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) in a tertiary hospital in cape town, south africa. | 2006 | 16630317 |
| the impact of infection with human metapneumovirus and other respiratory viruses in young infants and children at high risk for severe pulmonary disease. | we conducted a prospective, observational study to characterize the clinical manifestations of respiratory infections caused by human metapneumovirus (hmpv) and other viruses in 194 premature infants and young children with chronic lung disease or congenital heart disease in buenos aires. children had 567 episodes of respiratory illness and were monitored until they were 2 years old or until the completion of the study. hmpv elicited 12 infections (2%) year-round; 30% were of moderate or greater ... | 2006 | 16652283 |
| human metapneumovirus elicits weak ifn-gamma memory responses compared with respiratory syncytial virus. | human metapneumovirus (mpv) is a recently discovered pathogen that causes repeated lower respiratory tract infections beginning in infancy. the prevalence, nature and control of human regulatory responses to mpv are unknown. in this study, we develop and optimize systems to evaluate mpv-driven cytokine responses. using primary culture of human pbmc from previously exposed adults, mpv-stimulated responses were directly compared with those elicited by genetically and clinically similar respiratory ... | 2006 | 16670291 |
| understanding the socioeconomic burden of human metapneumovirus in childhood: italian study recommends further research. | | 2005 | 16687774 |
| genetic diversity of human metapneumovirus over 4 consecutive years in australia. | the molecular epidemiologic profile of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) infection has likely been skewed toward certain genetic subtypes because of assay-design issues, and no comprehensive studies have been conducted to date. here, reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to screen 10,319 specimens from patients presenting to hospitals with suspected respiratory tract infections during 2001-2004. after analysis of 727 australian hmpv strains, 640 were assigned to 1 of 4 previously d ... | 2006 | 16703505 |
| human metapneumovirus infection induces long-term pulmonary inflammation associated with airway obstruction and hyperresponsiveness in mice. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a newly described paramyxovirus that is associated with bronchiolitis, pneumonia, and asthma exacerbation. the objective of the present work was to study the duration of pulmonary inflammation and the functional consequences of infection with hmpv by use of a balb/c mouse model. | 2006 | 16703506 |
| effect of ribavirin and glucocorticoid treatment in a mouse model of human metapneumovirus infection. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv)-infected balb/c mice were treated with ribavirin (40 mg/kg of body weight twice a day intraperitoneally), corticosterone (0.2 mg/ml in water), or both modalities. ribavirin significantly decreased both hmpv replication in lungs (by 5 log10) and global pulmonary inflammation on day 5 postinfection, whereas glucocorticoids reduced only alveolar and interstitial inflammation, compared to controls. | 2006 | 16436743 |
| human metapneumovirus as a causative agent of lower respiratory tract infection in four patients: the first report of human metapneumovirus infection confirmed by rna sequences in taiwan. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) has been described as a human pathogen associated with respiratory disease in most parts of the world from all age groups. this report presents the first 4 cases of hmpv disease confirmed by the sequences of pcr products in taiwan. | 2006 | 16709547 |
| recovery of avian metapneumovirus subgroup c from cdna: cross-recognition of avian and human metapneumovirus support proteins. | avian metapneumovirus (ampv) causes an acute respiratory disease in turkeys and is associated with "swollen head syndrome" in chickens, contributing to significant economic losses for the u.s. poultry industry. with a long-term goal of developing a better vaccine for controlling ampv in the united states, we established a reverse genetics system to produce infectious ampv of subgroup c entirely from cdna. a cdna clone encoding the entire 14,150-nucleotide genome of ampv subgroup c strain colorad ... | 2006 | 16731918 |
| modification of the trypsin-dependent cleavage activation site of the human metapneumovirus fusion protein to be trypsin independent does not increase replication or spread in rodents or nonhuman primates. | the contribution of cleavage activation of the fusion f protein of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) to replication and pathogenicity in rodents and nonhuman primates was investigated. recombinant hmpvs were generated in which the naturally occurring trypsin-dependent cleavage sequence (r-q-s-r downward arrow) was replaced by each of three sequences whose cleavage in vitro does not depend upon added trypsin. two of these were multibasic sequences derived from avian metapneumovirus type a (r-r-r-r) or ... | 2006 | 16731919 |
| human metapneumovirus infection in a hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipient with relapsed multiple myeloma and rapidly progressing lung cancer. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) was isolated from a 63-year-old multiple myeloma patient who had undergone hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and who presented with lower respiratory tract infection several weeks prior to the diagnosis of lung cancer. the isolate was phylogenetically and biologically characterized and compared to hmpv prototypes and recent pediatric isolates. remarkably, it belonged to the novel genomic subgroup a2b. | 2006 | 16757646 |
| detection of antibodies against human metapneumovirus by western blot using recombinant nucleocapsid and matrix proteins. | detection of antibodies against individual proteins of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is important in the analysis of immune responses to hmpv. specific antibodies against nucleocapsid (n) and matrix (m) proteins in 97 serum samples were tested by western blot using recombinant n and m proteins of hmpv expressed in escherichia coli. the results were compared with those of immunofluorescence assays (ifas) based on hmpv-infected llc-mk2 cells, which expressed the whole hmpv proteins. thirty (61.2%) ... | 2006 | 16789025 |
| human metapneumovirus: an important cause of acute respiratory illness. | | 2006 | 16802634 |
| impact of human metapneumovirus and human cytomegalovirus versus other respiratory viruses on the lower respiratory tract infections of lung transplant recipients. | viral respiratory tract infections in lung transplant recipients may be severe. during three consecutive winter-spring seasons, 49 symptomatic lung transplant recipients with suspected respiratory viral infection, and 26 asymptomatic patients were investigated for presence of respiratory viruses either in 56 nasopharyngeal aspirate or 72 bronchoalveolar lavage samples taken at different times after transplantation. on the whole, 1 asymptomatic (3.4%) and 28 symptomatic (57.1%) patients were posi ... | 2006 | 16419110 |
| comparison of real-time pcr assays with fluorescent-antibody assays for diagnosis of respiratory virus infections in children. | conventional fluorescent-antibody (fa) methods were compared to real-time pcr assays for detection of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), influenza virus type a (flua), parainfluenza virus types 1, 2, and 3 (piv1, piv2, and piv3), human metapneumovirus (mpv), and adenovirus (adv) in 1,138 specimens from children with respiratory illnesses collected over a 1-year period. at least one virus was detected in 436 (38.3%) specimens by fa and in 608 (53.4%) specimens by pcr (p<0.001). specimen quality w ... | 2006 | 16825353 |
| human metapneumovirus: a ubiquitous and long-standing respiratory pathogen. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a recently described human pathogen first identified in respiratory specimens of young children suffering from respiratory syndromes ranging from mild to severe. | 2005 | 16378047 |
| persistent symptomless human metapneumovirus infection in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. | sequential nasopharyngeal aspirates from patients without respiratory symptoms undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (hsct) were tested for genomic rna of human metapneumovirus (hmpv). persistent hmpv infection was documented in most of them and confirmed by virus isolation. hmpv infection etiology was also evaluated during the same period in samples from pediatric patients with acute respiratory diseases (ards). sequence analysis of hmpv in hsct recipients documented infection by h ... | 2006 | 16845630 |
| epidemiology of human metapneumovirus. | since the discovery of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) in 2001, the virus has been identified worldwide. hmpv is a common respiratory pathogen, particularly in infants and young children. the virus is associated with both upper and lower respiratory tract infections and may be a trigger for asthma. at least two major genotypes of hmpv circulate during community outbreaks. whether these genotypes represent distinct serotypes remains controversial. the major challenges faced by the medical and scient ... | 2006 | 16847085 |
| rates of hospitalisation for influenza, respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus among infants and young children. | to inform the development of a national influenza immunisation programme and the potential role of antiviral drugs in young children, we studied 613 children aged 71 months or younger who attended leicester childrens' hospital during winter 2001-2002. during periods of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), influenza, and human metapneumovirus activity, an estimated 12.2% (95% ci: 11.4-13.1), 7.1% (6.3-7.9), and 2.5% (2.1-2.9), respectively, of all medical cases assessed in the hospital were associa ... | 2006 | 16310899 |
| individual contributions of the human metapneumovirus f, g, and sh surface glycoproteins to the induction of neutralizing antibodies and protective immunity. | we evaluated the individual contributions of the three surface glycoproteins of human metapneumovirus (hmpv), namely the fusion f, attachment g, and small hydrophobic sh proteins, to the induction of serum hmpv-binding antibodies, serum hmpv-neutralizing antibodies, and protective immunity. using reverse genetics, each hmpv protein was expressed individually from an added gene in recombinant human parainfluenza virus type 1 (rhpiv1) and used to infect hamsters once or twice by the intranasal rou ... | 2006 | 16300813 |
| prevalence and clinical characteristics of human metapneumovirus infections in hospitalized infants in spain. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv), a condition recently described in the netherlands, causes lower respiratory infections, particularly in young children and among the elderly. the objective of this study was to describe the characteristics of hmpv infections in hospitalized infants <2 years of age and to compare them to those of infections caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). a prospective study was conducted on the clinical characteristics of infants admitted to hospital for respiratory inf ... | 2006 | 16850437 |
| absence of human metapneumovirus co-infection in cases of severe respiratory syncytial virus infection. | it has been suggested that co-infection of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) in severe respiratory syncytial (rsv) virus bronchiolitis is very common. to evaluate the epidemiology of hmpv co-infection in children with severe lower respiratory tract infection caused by rsv virus. this was an observational cohort study in which hmpv and rsv viral load was measured by rt-pcr in tracheal specimens from the target population. hmpv could not be detected in any of the 30 mechanically ventilated children wit ... | 2006 | 16850438 |
| pneumonia in older adults. new categories add complexity to diagnosis and care. | the microbiology of community-acquired pneumonia (cap) in older adults, particularly in residents of long-term care facilities, differs from that in the general us population. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) are important, newly appreciated causes of pneumonia and triggers of comorbid disease exacerbations that often lead to hospitalization of high-risk elderly patients with underlying heart or lung disease. here, dr high examines the diagnostic and treatment s ... | 2005 | 16296261 |
| isolation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies which neutralize human metapneumovirus in vitro and in vivo. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a recently described member of the paramyxoviridae family/pneumovirinae subfamily and shares many common features with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), another member of the same subfamily. hmpv causes respiratory tract illnesses that, similar to human rsv, occur predominantly during the winter months and have symptoms that range from mild to severe cough, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia. like rsv, the hmpv virus can be subdivided into two genetic subgroups, a and ... | 2006 | 16873237 |
| the association of newly identified respiratory viruses with lower respiratory tract infections in korean children, 2000-2005. | this study was performed to evaluate the associations of newly recognized viruses, namely, human metapneumovirus (hmpv), human coronavirus (hcov)-nl63, and human bocavirus (hbov) with lower respiratory tract infections (lrtis) in previously healthy children. | 2006 | 16886150 |
| differential response of dendritic cells to human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus. | dendritic cells (dcs) play a pivotal role in shaping antiviral immune responses in the respiratory tract. human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a recently identified pathogen and like its better known relative, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), has been increasingly recognized as a major cause of respiratory morbidity in infants and in elderly persons. in the present study, we examined susceptibility as well as cellular responses of human dcs to hmpv compared with rsv. monocyte-derived dcs (modcs) we ... | 2006 | 16284360 |
| characterization of human metapneumovirus infection of myeloid dendritic cells. | recent in vivo studies suggest that hmpv is a poor inducer of inflammatory cytokines and that clinical symptoms may not be related to immune-mediated pathogenesis as it has been proposed for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human parainfluenza 3 (hpf3). dendritic cells (dcs) are specialized antigen presenting cells, and very effective at inducing specific ctls after encountering invading viruses. interactions of hmpv with dcs have not been characterized. we hypothesized that the relatively ... | 2007 | 16959282 |
| human metapneumovirus induces a profile of lung cytokines distinct from that of respiratory syncytial virus. | lung cytokine and chemokine production by balb/c mice infected with human metapneumovirus (hmpv) was compared to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-infected mice. hmpv infection induced lower levels of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 (il-1), il-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha but was a more potent inducer of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and triggered a more sustained production of the cxc chemokine kc compared to rsv. hmpv was a stronger inducer of both alpha interf ... | 2005 | 16282501 |
| characterization of human metapneumovirus f protein-promoted membrane fusion: critical roles for proteolytic processing and low ph. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a recently described human pathogen of the pneumovirus subfamily within the paramyxovirus family. hmpv infection is prevalent worldwide and is associated with severe respiratory disease, particularly in infants. the hmpv fusion protein (f) amino acid sequence contains features characteristic of other paramyxovirus f proteins, including a putative cleavage site and potential n-linked glycosylation sites. propagation of hmpv in cell culture requires exogenous trypsi ... | 2006 | 16971452 |
| human metapneumovirus in infants and young children in thailand with lower respiratory tract infections; molecular characteristics and clinical presentations. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a recently identified paramyxovirus. the clinical features and molecular characteristics of hmpv in asian populations have so far remained obscure. | 2006 | 16183133 |
| detection of human coronavirus nl63, human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus in children with respiratory tract infections in south-west sweden. | two recently detected viruses, human metapneumovirus (hmpv) and coronavirus nl63 (hcov-nl63), have been associated with acute respiratory tract infections, particularly in young children. this study investigated the frequency of hmpv and hcov-nl63 infections in swedish children by screening 221 nasopharyngeal aspirates, collected between november 2003 and may 2005, from 212 children attending the paediatric department of a county hospital in sweden or submitted from local general practitioners. ... | 2006 | 17002608 |
| multi-year study of human metapneumovirus infection at a large us midwestern medical referral center. | because of its recent identification, few multi-year epidemiologic studies of hmpv infection have been reported. | 2006 | 17008122 |
| the cell biology of acute childhood respiratory disease: therapeutic implications. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), the recently identified human metapneumovirus (hmpv), and the human parainfluenza viruses (hpivs), cause most cases of childhood croup, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia. influenza virus also causes a significant burden of disease in young children, although its significance in children was not fully recognized until recently. this article discusses pathogens that have been studied for several decades, including rsv and hpivs, and also explores the newly identified ... | 2006 | 17027618 |
| perspective on the host response to human metapneumovirus infection: what can we learn from respiratory syncytial virus infections? | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a recently discovered pathogen first identified in respiratory specimens from young children suffering from clinical respiratory syndromes ranging from mild to severe lower respiratory tract illness. hmpv has worldwide prevalence, and is a leading cause of respiratory tract infection in the first years of life, with a spectrum of disease similar to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). the disease burden associated with hmpv infection has not been fully elucidated; h ... | 2006 | 16182587 |
| prevalence of respiratory viruses, including newly identified viruses, in hospitalised children in austria. | the aim of this epidemiological study was to determine the prevalence of respiratory viruses, including new viruses, in hospitalised children in austria. two hundred fourteen nasopharyngeal samples from hospitalised children were tested for the presence of viruses using cell culture and pcr and/or viral antigen assays. the results revealed a parainfluenza virus 1 (piv1) outbreak that ended right before the onset of the influenza season, with nearly no overlapping, moderate respiratory syncytial ... | 2006 | 17036151 |
| human metapneumovirus infection in hospitalized children with acute respiratory disease in korea. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a recently isolated virus, mostly associated with acute lower respiratory infection in children, of which symptoms are similar to those of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. the aim of our study was to determine the frequency of hmpv in hospitalized children with acute respiratory tract disease in korea. nasal aspirates from hospitalized children with respiratory infections under 15 yr old between december 2003 and february 2005 were included in the stud ... | 2006 | 17043416 |
| human metapneumovirus fusion protein vaccines that are immunogenic and protective in cotton rats. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a recently described paramyxovirus that is a major cause of upper and lower respiratory infection in children and adults worldwide. a safe and effective vaccine could decrease the burden of disease associated with this novel pathogen. we previously reported the development of the cotton rat model of hmpv infection and pathogenesis (j. v. williams et al., j. virol. 79:10944-10951, 2005). we report here the immunogenicity of an hmpv fusion (f) protein in this model. ... | 2007 | 17050599 |
| excretion patterns of human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus among young children. | as respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) cause serious respiratory tract infections, the routes of transmission of these viruses are important to elucidate. we examined the modes of virus shedding and shedding duration of rsv and hmpv in young children. | 2006 | 17052968 |
| infection of nonhuman primates with recombinant human metapneumovirus lacking the sh, g, or m2-2 protein categorizes each as a nonessential accessory protein and identifies vaccine candidates. | recombinant human metapneumovirus (hmpv) in which the sh, g, or m2 gene or open reading frame was deleted by reverse genetics was evaluated for replication and vaccine efficacy following topical administration to the respiratory tract of african green monkeys, a permissive primate host. replication of the deltash virus was only marginally less efficient than that of wild-type hmpv, whereas the deltag and deltam2-2 viruses were reduced sixfold and 160-fold in the upper respiratory tract and 3,200 ... | 2005 | 16160190 |
| human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus disease in children, yemen. | factors increasing the severity of respiratory infections in developing countries are poorly described. we report factors associated with severe acute respiratory illness in yemeni children (266 infected with respiratory syncytial virus and 66 with human metapneumovirus). age, indoor air pollution, and incomplete vaccinations were risk factors and differed from those in industrialized countries. | 2006 | 17073098 |
| human metapneumovirus infections among children with acute respiratory infections seen in a large referral hospital in india. | acute respiratory infections (ari) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children <5 years of age in developing countries. human metapneumovirus (hmpv), a newly described respiratory pathogen, has been identified as an important cause of ari in young children. | 2007 | 17085070 |
| human metapneumovirus infections in mexico: epidemiological and clinical characteristics. | the human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a recently described respiratory rna virus that mainly affects children. to date there has not been a report that describes the detection of this virus in mexico. this study was performed to detect hmpv in hospitalized mexican children with respiratory infections, and describe their epidemiological and clinical characteristics. nasal wash samples from 558 children younger than 3 years of age with the admission diagnosis of a respiratory tract infection were ev ... | 2005 | 16157552 |
| human metapneumovirus infection among children in taiwan: a comparison of clinical manifestations with other virus-associated respiratory tract infections. | this study compared the clinical, laboratory and radiological features of infections caused by human metapneumovirus (hmpv) with other respiratory viruses. nasopharyngeal aspirates and throat swabs were obtained from children during a 9-week period. hmpv was the virus isolated most frequently, followed by adenovirus, influenza virus a, respiratory syncytial virus and influenza virus b. hmpv-infected children were younger, and were more likely to be female, to present with feeding difficulties, a ... | 2006 | 17121629 |
| human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus infections in older children with cystic fibrosis. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) has been isolated from children with acute respiratory infection worldwide. its epidemiology remains to be defined in children with cystic fibrosis (cf). we describe the epidemiology and clinical impact of hmpv in cf children and compared it to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). | 2007 | 17123316 |
| viral infections in patients with hematological malignancies. | viral infections are important causes of morbidity and mortality for patients with a hematological malignancy. however, the true incidence and consequences of viral infections for these patients who undergo conventional nontransplant therapy are poorly defined. the difference in incidence and outcome of viral infections among patient groups is wide, but dependent upon the intensity and duration of t-cell-mediated immune suppression. infections caused by cytomegalovirus (cmv), herpes simplex viru ... | 2006 | 17124085 |
| prevalence of viral respiratory tract infections in children with asthma. | previous studies support a strong association between viral respiratory tract infections and asthma exacerbations. the effect of newly discovered viruses on asthma control is less well defined. | 2007 | 17140648 |
| characterization of viral agents causing acute respiratory infection in a san francisco university medical center clinic during the influenza season. | with use of polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and a centrifugation-enhanced viral culture method, we characterized the viruses causing acute respiratory infection in adults during an influenza season. | 2005 | 16107980 |
| serosurvey of human metapneumovirus infection in croatia. | to assess the seroprevalence of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) in croatia. | 2006 | 17167860 |
| live vaccines for human metapneumovirus designed by reverse genetics. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) was first described in 2001 and has quickly become recognized as an important cause of respiratory tract disease worldwide, especially in the pediatric population. a vaccine against hmpv is required to prevent severe disease associated with infection in infancy. the primary strategy is to develop a live-attenuated virus for intranasal immunization, which is particularly well suited against a respiratory virus. reverse genetics provides a means of developing highly ch ... | 2006 | 17181442 |
| animal models for human metapneumovirus (hmpv) infections. | since its detection in 2001 the human metapneumovirus (hmpv), a member of the paramyxoviridae family, was observed to be a serious pathogen in human respiratory infections during childhood. meanwhile, several animal models have been established to study the virus-host interactions and pathogenic effects. mainly, small laboratory animals like mice and cotton rats have been used, although the usage of these two species for hmpv research is controversially discussed and contradictious results were ... | 2007 | 17181987 |
| human metapneumovirus in turkey poults. | this study was conducted to reexamine the hypothesis that human metapneumovirus (hmpv) will not infect turkeys. six groups of 2-week-old turkeys (20 per group) were inoculated oculonasally with 1 of the following: noninfected cell suspension; hmpv genotype a1, a2, b1, or b2; or avian metapneumovirus (ampv) subtype c. poults inoculated with hmpv showed nasal discharge days 4-9 postexposure. specific viral rna and antigen were detected by reverse-transcription pcr and immunohistochemical evaluatio ... | 2006 | 17235379 |
| epidemiological and clinical features of hmpv, rsv and rvs infections in young children. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) has recently been isolated from children with acute respiratory tract infections (rtis). the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of hmpv infection need further investigation. | 2007 | 17241812 |
| seroprevalence of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) in the canadian province of saskatchewan analyzed by a recombinant nucleocapsid protein-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a newly identified respiratory virus associated with respiratory tract infection in both adults and children. previous reports showed that infection of hmpv appeared to be ubiquitous. to determine the seroprevalence of hmpv, a total of 576 human sera from patients in saskatchewan, canada, were screened by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) based on expression of the nucleocapsid (n) protein of hmpv in recombinant baculovirus. the recombinant n protein with ... | 2007 | 17245714 |
| human metapneumovirus in children with influenza-like illness in yucatan, mexico. | the present study suggests that human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is an important cause of community acquired respiratory infections in children. we report the detection of hmpv in a pediatric population with influenza-like illness in the subtropical area of yucatan in mexico. our data also shows that hmpv circulates in the community with other respiratory pathogens. | 2007 | 17255250 |
| [first detection of human metapneumovirus in a child with respiratory syndrome in hungary]. | human metapneumovirus was identified in 2001 as a respiratory-tract pathogen that has been classified as a new genera in family paramyxoviridae. | 2006 | 17256630 |
| human metapneumovirus induces more severe disease and stronger innate immune response in balb/c mice as compared with respiratory syncytial virus. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are members of the pneumovirinae subfamily of paramyxoviridae and can cause severe respiratory disease, especially in infants and young children. some differences in the clinical course of these infections have been described, but there are few comparative data on pathogenesis in humans and animal models. in this study, hmpv and rsv were compared for replication, pathogenesis and immune induction in balb/c mice infected with equi ... | 2007 | 17257445 |
| spectrum of viruses and atypical bacteria in intercontinental air travelers with symptoms of acute respiratory infection. | respiratory infections after air travel are frequent, but epidemiological data are incomplete. using sensitive polymerase chain reactions, we studied the spectrum of atypical bacteria and respiratory viruses in travelers fulfilling the case definition of severe acute respiratory syndrome. a pathogen was identified in 67 travelers (43.2%). influenza and parainfluenza viruses were most prevalent, at 14.2% and 15.5%, respectively. prevalences of adenoviruses, human metapneumovirus, coronaviruses, a ... | 2007 | 17262708 |
| use of a multiplex real-time pcr to study the incidence of human metapneumovirus and human respiratory syncytial virus infections during two winter seasons in a belgian paediatric hospital. | viruses are an important cause of acute respiratory tract infection (arti) in children. this study aimed to develop and evaluate a rapid molecular diagnostic test (duplex real-time pcr) for human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv), and to determine the frequency of these two viruses as causative agents of arti in belgium. nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected over two winter and spring seasons (november 2003 to may 2004 and november 2004 to may 2005) from child ... | 2007 | 17263836 |
| activity and regulation of alpha interferon in respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus experimental infections. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) cause a similar spectrum of respiratory infections in humans. classified within the paramyxoviridae family, pneumovirinae subfamily, rsv and hmpv present a significant degree of divergence in genome constellation, organization, and protein sequences. rsv has been reported to be a poor inducer of alpha/beta interferons (ifn-alpha/beta) and partially resistant to its antiviral activity. the nature of the innate immune response to h ... | 2005 | 16051812 |
| detection and quantification of human metapneumovirus in pediatric specimens by real-time rt-pcr. | human metapneumovirus (h mpv), a recently identified virus, causes respiratory illness in children. | 2005 | 16036180 |
| clinical findings and unusual epidemiologic characteristics of human metapneumovirus infections in children in the region of basel, switzerland. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) worldwide causes respiratory tract infections with features similar to those of rsv infection. we describe features of hmpv infections in children and compare some of the characteristics with those of rsv infections. from october 2004 to february 2006, 75 patients, 34 hospitalized and 41 outpatients, were diagnosed with hmpv infections by multiplex pcr applied to nasopharyngeal specimens. while hmpv was found rarely in the early phase of the study, a significant incr ... | 2008 | 17297613 |
| detection and typing by molecular techniques of respiratory viruses in children hospitalized for acute respiratory infection in rome, italy. | detection of a broad number of respiratory viruses is not undertaken currently for the diagnosis of acute respiratory infection due to the large and always increasing list of pathogens involved. a 1-year study was undertaken on children hospitalized consecutively for acute respiratory infection in a pediatric department in rome to characterize the viruses involved. two hundred twenty-seven children were enrolled in the study with a diagnosis of asthma, bronchiolitis, bronchopneumonia, or laringo ... | 2007 | 17311326 |
| development of a rapid chromatographic immunoassay for detection of human metapneumovirus using monoclonal antibodies against nucleoprotein of hmpv. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) nucleocapsid (n) protein is a major structural protein that encapsidates the rna genome and is essential for replication and transcription of the hmpv genome. we developed two mouse monoclonal antibodies (mabs), designated 3d1 and 5b10, against n protein of hmpv and characterized them by an immunofluorescence assay and an immunoprecipitation assay using trichoplusia ni (tn5) insect cells infected with a recombinant baculovirus-expressing hmpv n protein. both mabs wer ... | 2007 | 17316081 |
| human metapneumovirus and encephalitis. | | 2007 | 17321201 |
| [isolation of human metapneumovirus from children with acute respiratory tract infection in chongqing, china]. | to isolate and characterize the newly discovered human metapneumovirus (hmpv) in chongqing, china and elucidate the clinical manifestations of hmpv infection. | 2007 | 17349150 |
| acute respiratory infection by human metapneumovirus in children in southern brazil. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) has been described as an etiologic agent of acute respiratory infections (ari), mainly in pediatric patients. viral isolation is difficult and has low sensitivity, and consequently rt-pcr assays are currently used for detection. | 2007 | 17350886 |
| human metapneumovirus infection in adults with community-acquired pneumonia and exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. | we tested nasopharyngeal aspirate specimens by real-time polymerase chain reaction assays and paired serum samples by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. acute human metapneumovirus infections were identified in 6 (4.1%) of 145 adult patients who presented to the emergency department for pneumonia or acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease during 2 winter/spring seasons in quebec, canada. | 2005 | 16028158 |
| [human metapneumovirus as hospitalization cause in children under 3 years old with acute respiratory infections during 2004]. | human metapneumovirus was detected in 15 of 123 children (12%) younger than 3 years of age hospitalized for treatment of acute respiratory infection between july and november 2004. the virus was detected by rt-pcr directly from nasopharyngeal swabs and/or from supernatants after cell culture. children infected with hmpv were mostly younger than one year of age (67%), all presenting with fever and cough. the main cause for hospitalization was the need for oxygen therapy (73%). four hmpv positive ... | 2007 | 17369966 |
| experimental infection of macaques with human metapneumovirus induces transient protective immunity. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv), a member of the family paramyxoviridae, is a causative agent of acute respiratory-tract illness. two main hmpv lineages circulate worldwide and reinfections occur frequently. it is unclear what level of protection is induced by natural hmpv infection, what the durability of this protection is and whether it differs for reinfection with homologous or heterologous viruses. here, protective immunity in cynomolgus macaques at different time points after inoculation with ... | 2007 | 17374769 |
| frequent frameshift and point mutations in the sh gene of human metapneumovirus passaged in vitro. | during the preparation of recombinant derivatives of the can97-83 clinical isolate of human metapneumovirus (hmpv), consensus nucleotide sequencing of the recovered rna genomes provided evidence of frequent sequence heterogeneity at a number of genome positions. this heterogeneity was suggestive of sizable subpopulations containing mutations. an analysis of molecularly cloned cdnas confirmed the presence of mixed populations. the biologically derived virus on which the recombinant system is base ... | 2007 | 17376897 |
| human metapneumovirus genetic variability, south africa. | the molecular epidemiology and genetic diversity of the human metapneumovirus (hmpv) were characterized for a 3-year period (2000-2002) from viruses that were identified in south africa. two major genetic groups (a and b) and 2 subgroups (1 and 2) of hmpv were identified, as well as 2-6 possible genotypes within the subgroups. a shift in the predominant group was documented in successive seasons. whereas the f gene was relatively conserved between subgroups, a high degree of variation was observ ... | 2005 | 16022783 |
| an outbreak of severe respiratory tract infection due to human metapneumovirus in a long-term care facility. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a newly described paramyxovirus that is mainly associated with bronchiolitis in children. we sought to describe the epidemiological, virological, and histopathological findings associated with a large outbreak of hmpv infection in a long-term care facility. | 2007 | 17407031 |