| organ-specific transcriptome response of the small brown planthopper toward rice stripe virus. | rice stripe virus (rsv) causes rice stripe disease and is transmitted by the small brown planthopper (laodelphax striatellus, sbph) in a persistent, circulative, and propagative manner. the alimentary canal and salivary gland of sbph play important roles in viral replication and transmission. however, little is known about the underlying molecular functions of these two organs in the interaction between rsv and sbph. in this study, organ-specific transcriptomes of the alimentary canal and saliva ... | 2016 | 26678499 |
| different pathogenicities of rice stripe virus from the insect vector and from viruliferous plants. | persistent plant viruses usually depend on insects for their transmission; they cannot be transmitted between plants or through mechanical inoculation. however, the mechanism by which persistent viruses become pathogenic in insect vectors remains unknown. in this study, we used rice stripe virus (rsv), its insect vector laodelphax striatellus and host plant (oryza sativa) to explore how persistent viruses acquire pathogenicity from insect vectors. rsv acquired phytopathogenicity in both the alim ... | 2016 | 26585422 |
| [stress effects of imidacloprid on rsv in rice plants]. | the rice stripe disease is a viral disease transmitted by small brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus, which outbroke a few years ago in the yangtze river basin, especially jiangsu region, china. to study the effects of imidacloprid stress on rice stripe virus (rsv) in rice plants, the rice seedlings were treated with imidacloprid 1, 2, 3 and 4 times (b1, b2, b3 and b4), respectively, after artificial inoculation by l. striatellus for 48 h, and the expression levels of relative genes includi ... | 2014 | 25876413 |
| rice stripe tenuivirus nonstructural protein 3 hijacks the 26s proteasome of the small brown planthopper via direct interaction with regulatory particle non-atpase subunit 3. | the ubiquitin/26s proteasome system plays a vital role in regulating host defenses against pathogens. previous studies have highlighted different roles for the ubiquitin/26s proteasome in defense during virus infection in both mammals and plants, but their role in the vectors that transmit those viruses is still unclear. in this study, we determined that the 26s proteasome is present in the small brown planthopper (sbph) (laodelphax striatellus) and has components similar to those in plants and ... | 2015 | 25653432 |
| transovarial transmission of a plant virus is mediated by vitellogenin of its insect vector. | most plant viruses are transmitted by hemipteroid insects. some viruses can be transmitted from female parent to offspring usually through eggs, but the mechanism of this transovarial transmission remains unclear. rice stripe virus (rsv), a tenuivirus, transmitted mainly by the small brown planthopper (laodelphax striatellus), is also spread to the offspring through the eggs. here, we used the rsv-planthopper system as a model to investigate the mechanism of transovarial transmission and demonst ... | 2014 | 24603905 |
| nonstructural protein ns4 of rice stripe virus plays a critical role in viral spread in the body of vector insects. | rice stripe virus (rsv), a tenuivirus, is transmitted by small brown planthopper (sbph) in a persistent-propagative manner. in this study, sequential infection of rsv in the internal organs of sbph after ingestion of virus indicated that rsv initially infected the midgut epithelium, and then progressed to the visceral muscle tissues, through which rsv spread to the entire alimentary canal. finally, rsv spread into the salivary glands and reproductive system. during viral infection, the nonstruct ... | 2014 | 24523924 |
| comparative transcriptome analysis of two rice varieties in response to rice stripe virus and small brown planthoppers during early interaction. | rice stripe, a virus disease, transmitted by a small brown planthopper (sbph), has greatly reduced production of japonica rice in east asia, especially in china. although we have made great progress in mapping resistance genes, little is known about the mechanism of resistance. by de novo transcriptome assembling, we gained sufficient transcript data to analyze changes in gene expression of early interaction in response to sbph and rsv infection in rice. respectively 648 and 937 degs were detect ... | 2013 | 24358146 |
| investigation on subcellular localization of rice stripe virus in its vector small brown planthopper by electron microscopy. | rice stripe virus (rsv), which is transmitted by small brown planthopper (laodelphax striatellus fallén, sbph), has been reported to be epidemic and cause severe rice stripe disease in rice fields in many east asian countries, including china. investigation on viral localization in the vector is very important for elucidating transmission mechanisms of rsv by sbph. in this study, transmission electron microscopy and immuno-gold labeling technique were used to investigate the subcellular localiza ... | 2013 | 24139455 |
| detection of quantitative trait loci (qtls) for resistances to small brown planthopper and rice stripe virus in rice using recombinant inbred lines. | small brown planthopper (sbph) and rice stripe virus (rsv) disease transmitted by sbph cause serious damage to rice (oryza sativa l.) in china. in the present study, we screened 312 rice accessions for resistance to sbph. the indica variety, n22, is highly resistant to sbph. one hundred and eighty two recombinant inbred lines (rils) derived from a cross of n22 and the highly susceptible variety, ussr5, were used for quantitative trait locus (qtl) analysis of resistances to sbph and rsv. in a mod ... | 2013 | 23591851 |
| an insect cell line derived from the small brown planthopper supports replication of rice stripe virus, a tenuivirus. | a cell line from the small brown planthopper (sbph; laodelphax striatellus) was established to study replication of rice stripe virus (rsv), a tenuivirus. the sbph cell line, which had been subcultured through 30 passages, formed monolayers of epithelial-like cells. inoculation of cultured vector cells with rsv resulted in a persistent infection. during viral infection in the sbph cell line, the viral non-structural protein ns3 co-localized with the filamentous ribonucleoprotein particles of rsv ... | 2013 | 23468422 |
| surface display of rice stripe virus nsvc2 and analysis of its membrane fusion activity. | rice stripe virus (rsv) infects rice and is transmitted in a propagative manner by the small brown planthopper. how rsv enters an insect cell to initiate the infection cycle is poorly understood. sequence analysis revealed that the rsv nsvc2 protein was similar to the membrane glycoproteins of several members in the family bunyaviridae and might induce cell membrane fusion. to conveniently study the membrane fusion activity of nsvc2, we constructed cell surface display vectors for expressing nsv ... | 2012 | 22492001 |
| analysis of rice stripe virus whole-gene expression in rice and in the small brown planthopper by real-time quantitative pcr. | rice stripe virus (rsv) is a typical member of the tenuivirus genus, which is transmitted mainly by the small brown planthopper (sbph) in a persistent, circulative-propagative manner. at present, expression levels of viral genes in rice and in sbph remain unclear. in this study, we investigated rsv gene expression in rsv-infected rice tissues and in viruliferous sbph using a sensitive and reliable real-time quantitative pcr (q-pcr) method. the results revealed that ns3 gene exhibited the highest ... | 2012 | 22404613 |
| dynamic metabolic responses of brown planthoppers towards susceptible and resistant rice plants. | brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens stål, bph) causes huge economic losses in rice-growing regions and new strategies for combating bph are required. to understand how bphs respond towards bph-resistant plants, we systematically analyzed the metabolic differences between bphs feeding on the resistant and susceptible plants using nmr and gc-fid/ms. we also measured the expression of some related genes involving glycolysis and biosyntheses of trehalose, amino acids, chitin and fatty acids using ... | 2017 | 28278368 |
| identification of two transcription factors activating the expression of osxip in rice defence response. | xylanase inhibitors have been confirmed to be involved in plant defence. osxip is a xip-type rice xylanase inhibitor, yet its transcriptional regulation remains unknown. | 2017 | 28270131 |
| reference genes for quantitative real-time pcr analysis in symbiont entomomyces delphacidicola of nilaparvata lugens (stål). | nilaparvata lugens (stål) (hemiptera: delphacidae) is a major rice pest that harbors an endosymbiont ascomycete fungus, entomomyces delphacidicola str. nlu (also known as yeast-like symbiont, yls). driving by demand of novel population management tactics (e.g. rnai), the importance of yls has been studied and revealed, which greatly boosts the interest of molecular level studies related to yls. the current study focuses on reference genes for rt-qpcr studies related to yls. eight previously unre ... | 2017 | 28198810 |
| atp phosphoribosyltransferase from symbiont entomomyces delphacidicola invovled in histidine biosynthesis of nilaparvata lugens (stål). | histidine is an essential amino acid assumed to be synthesized by an obligatory yeast-like symbiont (entomomyces delphacidicola str. nlu) in nilaparvata lugens, an important rice pest. the adenosine-triphosphate phosphoribosyltransferase (atp-prtase) facilities the committed first step of the histidine biosynthesis pathway. in the current study, a putative atp-prtase was cloned and verified to be of e. delphacidicola origin (edeprtase). the expression of the gene was spatial and temporal univers ... | 2016 | 27373692 |
| suppressing male spermatogenesis-associated protein 5-like gene expression reduces vitellogenin gene expression and fecundity in nilaparvata lugens stål. | in our previous study with the brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens, triazophos (tzp) treatments led to substantial up-regulation of a male spermatogenesis-associated protein 5-like gene (nlspata5) compared to untreated controls. mating with tzp-treated males significantly increased fecundity (as numbers of eggs laid), relative to females mated with untreated males. because spata5 acts in mammalian sperm development and is expressed in testes, we posed the hypothesis that nlspata5 occurs ... | 2016 | 27305948 |
| effects of fungicides on the yeast-like symbiotes and their host, nilaparvata lugens stål (hemiptera: delphacidae). | yeast-like symbiotes (yls) are endosymbionts that are closely related to the growth, development and reproduction of their host, the brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens stål (hemiptera: delphacidae). in order to understand the relationship between the population of yls in bph cells and the survival rate of bph, eight different fungicides were applied to rice plants infested by bph, and the number of yls and mortality of bph were determined. three of the fungicides, 27% toyocamycin & tetr ... | 2016 | 26969435 |
| genomic analysis of an ascomycete fungus from the rice planthopper reveals how it adapts to an endosymbiotic lifestyle. | a number of sap-sucking insects harbor endosymbionts, which are thought to play an important role in the development of their hosts. one of the most important rice pests, the brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens (stål), harbors an obligatory yeast-like symbiont (yls) that cannot be cultured in vitro. genomic information on this yls would be useful to better understand its evolution. in this study, we performed genome sequencing of the yls using both 454 and illumina approaches, generating ... | 2015 | 26338189 |
| rna interference-aided knockdown of a putative saccharopine dehydrogenase leads to abnormal ecdysis in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (stål) (hemiptera: delphacidae). | the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens is a serious phloem-feeding pest of rice in china. the current study focuses on a saccharopine dehydrogenase (sdh) that catalyzes the penultimate reaction in biosynthesis of the amino acid lysine (lys), which plays a role in insect growth and carnitine production (as a substrate). the protein, provisionally designated as nlylssdh [a sdh derived from yeast-like symbiont (yls) in n. lugens], had a higher transcript level in abdomens, compared with heads, wi ... | 2015 | 25908053 |
| pichia anomala, a new species of yeast-like endosymbionts and its variation in small brown planthopper (laodelphax striatellus). | yeast-like symbionts (yls) are endosymbionts that promote the growth of delphacid planthoppers (hemiptera: delphacidae), some of which are pests on cultivated rice. identification and characterization of yls growth can be helpful for pest control, because it has been demonstrated that there is a variety of yls in rice planthopper and they affected the planthopper's growth and virulence to plant hosts. so, elucidation of the species of yls in planthopper is crucial for exploiting a new way to con ... | 2015 | 25499750 |
| constructing the major biosynthesis pathways for amino acids in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens stål (hemiptera: delphacidae), based on the transcriptome data. | nilaparvata lugens is a serious phloem-feeding pest of rice throughout asia. rice phloem sap can meet its nutrition requirement for sugars but not for some essential amino acids such as isoleucine, leucine, methionine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, lysine, arginine and histidine. n. lugens harbours yeast-like symbionts in mycetocytes formed by abdominal fat body cells. removal of the symbionts results in negative physiological effects, suggesting that the symbionts play a pivotal role in the nitrog ... | 2014 | 24330026 |
| knockdown of a putative halloween gene shade reveals its role in ecdysteroidogenesis in the small brown planthopper laodelphax striatellus. | ecdysteroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (20e) plays fundamental roles in insect development and reproduction, whereas the primary role of ecdysone (e) is the precursor for 20e. a cytochrome p450 monooxygenase (cyp), encoded by a halloween gene shade (shd, cyp314a1), catalyzes the conversion of e into 20e in representative insect species in diptera, lepidoptera and orthoptera. we describe here the cloning and characterization of lsshd in a hemipteran insect species, the small brown planthopper lao ... | 2013 | 24055487 |
| molecular analysis of oryza latifolia desv. (ccdd genome)-derived introgression lines and identification of value-added traits for rice (o. sativa l.) improvement. | oryza latifolia is a tetraploid wild oryza species with a ccdd genome that has been reported to harbor resistance to bacterial blight (bb), brown planthopper, and whitebacked planthopper. aside from these traits, o. latifolia is also being tapped as a new source of resistance to lodging and high biomass production. to explore the genetic potential of o. latifolia as a novel genetic resource for the improvement of existing o. sativa cultivars, 27 disomic derivatives of o. latifolia monosomic alie ... | 2015 | 24939891 |
| the rice hydroperoxide lyase oshpl3 functions in defense responses by modulating the oxylipin pathway. | as important signal molecules, jasmonates (jas) and green leaf volatiles (glvs) play diverse roles in plant defense responses against insect pests and pathogens. however, how plants employ their specific defense responses by modulating the levels of ja and glvs remains unclear. here, we describe identification of a role for the rice hpl3 gene, which encodes a hydroperoxide lyase (hpl), oshpl3/cyp74b2, in mediating plant-specific defense responses. the loss-of-function mutant hpl3-1 produced dise ... | 2012 | 22519706 |
| systemic stereoselectivity study of flufiprole: stereoselective bioactivity, acute toxicity and environmental fate. | in this study, the stereoselectivity of flufiprole enantiomers in regards to their bioactivity, acute toxicity and environmental fate is reported for the first time. four types of representative insects (plutella xylostella, nilaparvata lugens, mythimna separata and acyrthosiphon pisum) were used to investigate enantioselective bioactivity. acute toxicities of flufiprole enantiomers toward two non-target organisms were also evaluated. moreover, stereoselective degradation in four vegetables unde ... | 2016 | 27585281 |
| molecular cloning and expression profile of an atp-binding cassette (abc) transporter gene from the hemipteran insect nilaparvata lugens. | the atp-binding cassette (abc) transporters belong to a large superfamily of proteins that have important physiological functions in all living organisms. in insects, abc transporters have important functions in the transport of molecules, and are also involved in insecticide resistance, metabolism, and development. in this study, the nilaparvata lugens stal (hemiptera: delphacidae) abcg (nlabcg) gene was identified and characterized. the complete mrna sequence of nlabcg was 2608-bp long, with a ... | 2015 | 25867414 |
| rna interference of nadph-cytochrome p450 reductase of the rice brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens, increases susceptibility to insecticides. | nadph-cytochrome p450 reductase (cpr) is essential for numerous biological reactions catalysed by microsomal cytochrome p450 monooxygenases (p450s). knockdown of cpr in several insects leads to developmental defects and increased susceptibility to insecticides. however, information about the role of cpr in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens, is still unavailable. | 2015 | 24515640 |
| characterization of the distal-less gene homologue, nldll, in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (stål). | the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (stål), is a globally devastating insect pest of rice, particularly in eastern asia. distal-less or dll is a highly conserved and well studied transcription factor required for limb formation in invertebrates and vertebrates. we have identified a homologue of this gene, nldll, and demonstrated that it is expressed in all life stages of n. lugens, particularly in adult brachypterous females. when we compared between specific adult tissues it was expressed ... | 2014 | 24321689 |
| chitin synthase 1 gene and its two alternative splicing variants from two sap-sucking insects, nilaparvata lugens and laodelphax striatellus (hemiptera: delphacidae). | chitin synthase (chs) is an enzyme that is required for chitin formation in insect cuticles and other tissues. in this study, chs genes from two destructive rice insect pests, the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens and the small brown planthopper laodelphax striatellus, were cloned. phylogenetic analysis showed that these genes belonged to class chs1 of the chs gene family. most insects possess two chs genes (chs1 and chs2); however, genome and transcriptome searches showed that n. lugens poss ... | 2012 | 22634163 |
| pyrosequencing the midgut transcriptome of the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. | the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens, is a serious pest threatening rice production across the world. to identify the main features of the gene expression and the key components of the midgut of n. lugens responsible for nutrition, xenobiotic metabolism and the immune response, we used pyrosequencing to sample the transcriptome. more than 190,000 clean sequences were generated, which led to about 30,000 unique sequences. sequence analysis indicated that genes with abundant transcripts in th ... | 2011 | 21919985 |
| phloem-specific expression of the lectin gene from allium sativum confers resistance to the sap-sucker nilaparvata lugens. | rice production is severely hampered by insect pests. garlic lectin gene (asal) holds great promise in conferring protection against chewing (lepidopteran) and sap-sucking (homopteran) insect pests. we have developed transgenic rice lines resistant to sap-sucking brown hopper (nilaparvata lugens) by ectopic expression of asal in their phloem tissues. molecular analyses of t0 lines confirmed stable integration of transgene. t1 lines (np 1-2, 4-3, 11-6 & 17-7) showed active transcription and trans ... | 2014 | 24563293 |
| pyramided rice lines harbouring allium sativum (asal) and galanthus nivalis (gna) lectin genes impart enhanced resistance against major sap-sucking pests. | we have developed transgene pyramided rice lines, endowed with enhanced resistance to major sap-sucking insects, through sexual crosses made between two stable transgenic rice lines containing allium sativum (asal) and galanthus nivalis (gna) lectin genes. presence and expression of asal and gna genes in pyramided lines were confirmed by pcr and western blot analyses. segregation analysis of f₂ progenies disclosed digenic (9:3:3:1) inheritance of the transgenes. homozygous f₃ plants carrying asa ... | 2011 | 21295625 |
| selectable antibiotic resistance marker gene-free transgenic rice harbouring the garlic leaf lectin gene exhibits resistance to sap-sucking planthoppers. | rice, the major food crop of world is severely affected by homopteran sucking pests. we introduced coding sequence of allium sativum leaf agglutinin, asal, in rice cultivar ir64 to develop sustainable resistance against sap-sucking planthoppers as well as eliminated the selectable antibiotic-resistant marker gene hygromycin phosphotransferase (hpt) exploiting cre/lox site-specific recombination system. an expression vector was constructed containing the coding sequence of asal, a potent controll ... | 2010 | 20094886 |
| knockdown of nadph-cytochrome p450 reductase results in reduced resistance to buprofezin in the small brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus (fallén). | nadph-cytochrome p450 reductase (cpr) plays an important role in cytochrome p450 function, and cpr knockdown in several insects leads to increased susceptibility to insecticides. however, a putative cpr gene has not yet been fully characterized in the small brown planthopper laodelphax striatellus, a notorious agricultural pest in rice that causes serious damage by transmitting rice stripe and rice black-streaked dwarf viruses. the objective of this study was to clone the cdna and to knock down ... | 2016 | 26821654 |
| research advances on animal genetics in china in 2015. | chinese scientists have made significant achievements in the field of animal genetics in 2015. incomplete statistics show that among all the publications of 2015 involving nematode (caenorhabditis elegans), fly (drosophila melanogaster), zebrafish (danio rerio), african clawed frog (xenopus) or mice (mus musculus), about 1/5 publications are from china. many innovative studies were published in high-impact international academic journals by chinese scientists, including the identification of a p ... | 2016 | 27655312 |
| tetrahydroindeno[1',2':4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-a]imidazol-5(1h)-ones as novel neonicotinoid insecticides: reaction selectivity and substituent effects on the activity level. | tetraheterocyclic tetrahydroindeno[1',2':4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-a]imidazol-5(1h)-one derivatives as novel neonicotinoid candidates were designed and prepared by selective etherification, chlorination and esterification of ninhydrin-heterocyclic ketene aminals adducts. some of the designed compounds showed excellent insecticidal activity against cowpea aphids (aphis craccivora), brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens), and armyworm (mythimna separata). in particular, the activity against armyworm (mythim ... | 2015 | 25611859 |
| seven-membered azabridged neonicotinoids: synthesis, crystal structure, insecticidal assay, and molecular docking studies. | to study the influence of the ring sizes, 37 novel seven-membered azabridged neonicotinoid analogues were synthesized by reactions of nitromethylene analogues, succinaldehyde, and aniline hydrochlorides. most of the title compounds presented higher insecticidal activities than that of imidacloprid (imi), cycloxaprid (cyc), and eight-membered compounds against cowpea aphid (aphis craccivora), armyworm (pseudaletia separata walker), and brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens), which indicated that ... | 2014 | 25347284 |
| design, synthesis, crystal structures, and insecticidal activities of eight-membered azabridge neonicotinoid analogues. | three series of novel azabridge neonicotinoid analogues were designed and synthesized, which were constructed by starting material a, glutaraldehyde, and primary amine hydrochlorides (aliphatic amines, phenylhydrazines, and anilines). most of the eight-membered azabridge compounds presented higher insecticidal activities than oxabridged compound b against cowpea aphid (aphis craccivora) and brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens). compared with imidacloprid, some azabridged compounds exhibited ex ... | 2014 | 24364696 |
| synthesis and biological evaluation of nitromethylene neonicotinoids based on the enhanced conjugation. | the neonicotinoids with a nitroconjugated system had excellent bioactivity, which could rival imidacloprid, and has been previously reported. however, the photodegradation and hydrolysis of this series of neonicotinoids was very quick according to our further investigation, which cannot be developed as a pesticide further. the approach to further enhance the conjugation was tried not only to increase the bioactivities but also to improve the stability in water and in the sun. a substituted pheny ... | 2013 | 24180522 |
| biological characterization of sulfoxaflor, a novel insecticide. | the commercialization of new insecticides is important for ensuring that multiple effective product choices are available. in particular, new insecticides that exhibit high potency and lack insecticidal cross-resistance are particularly useful in insecticide resistance management (irm) programs. sulfoxaflor possesses these characteristics and is the first compound under development from the novel sulfoxamine class of insecticides. | 2011 | 21308958 |
| specific synergist for neonicotinoid insecticides: ippa08, a cis-neonicotinoid compound with a unique oxabridged substructure. | insecticide synergists are key components to increase the control efficacy and reduce active ingredient use. here, we describe a novel insecticide synergist with activity specific for insecticidal neonicotinoids. the synergist ippa08, a cis configuration neonicotinoid compound with a unique oxabridged substructure, could increase the toxicity of most neonicotinoid insecticides belonging to the insecticide resistance action committee (irac) 4a subgroup against a range of insect species, although ... | 2016 | 27281691 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of a juvenile hormone esterase gene from brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. | juvenile hormone (jh) plays key roles in the regulation of growth, development, diapause and reproduction in insects, and juvenile hormone esterase (jhe) plays an important role in regulating jh titers. we obtained a full-length cdna encoding jhe in nilaparvata lugens (nljhe), the first jhe gene cloned from the hemipteran insects. the deduced protein sequence of nljhe contains the five conserved motifs identified in jhes of other insect species, including a consensus gqsag motif that is required ... | 2008 | 18804476 |
| molecular characterization of rice oslcb2a1 gene and functional analysis of its role in insect resistance. | in plants, sphingolipids, such as long-chain bases (lcbs), act as bioactive molecules in stress responses. until now, it is still not clear if these lipids are involved in biotic stress responses to herbivore. herein we report that a rice lcb gene, oslcb2a1 encoding a subunit of serine palmitoyltransferase (spt), a key enzyme responsible for the de novo biosynthesis of sphingolipids, plays a critical role in plant defense response to the brown planthopper (bph) attack and that its up-regulation ... | 2016 | 27990147 |
| the chloroplast-localized phospholipases d α4 and α5 regulate herbivore-induced direct and indirect defenses in rice. | the oxylipin pathway is of central importance for plant defensive responses. yet, the first step of the pathway, the liberation of linolenic acid following induction, is poorly understood. phospholipases d (plds) have been hypothesized to mediate this process, but data from arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana) regarding the role of plds in plant resistance have remained controversial. here, we cloned two chloroplast-localized pld genes from rice (oryza sativa), ospldα4 and ospldα5, both of which w ... | 2011 | 21984727 |
| insecticidal spider venom toxin fused to snowdrop lectin is toxic to the peach-potato aphid, myzus persicae (hemiptera: aphididae) and the rice brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (hemiptera: delphacidae). | the sfi1/gna fusion protein, comprising of snowdrop lectin (galanthus nivalis agglutinin, gna) fused to an insecticidal spider venom neurotoxin (segestria florentina toxin 1, sfi1) was tested for toxicity against the rice brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens (stål) and the peach-potato aphid myzus persicae (sulzer) by incorporation into artificial diets. significant effects on the mortality of n. lugens were observed, with 100% of the insects fed on the sfi1/gna fusion protein diet dead by day 7 ... | 2006 | 16206236 |
| toxicity and physiological effects of neem pesticides applied to rice on the nilaparvata lugens stål, the brown planthopper. | the effects of two different neem products (parker oil and neema) on mortality, food consumption and survival of the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens stål (bph) (homoptera: delphacidae) were investigated. the lc(50) (3.45 ml/l for nymph and 4.42 ml/l for adult in parker oil treatment; 4.18 ml/l for nymph and 5.63 ml/l for adult in neema treatment) and lc(90) (8.72 ml/l for nymph and 11.1 ml/l for adult in parker oil treatment; 9.84 ml/l for nymph and 13.07 ml/l for adult in neema treatment) ... | 2009 | 19500844 |
| effect of azadirachtin on acetylcholinesterase (ache) activity and histology of the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens (stål). | the effect of azadirachtin (aza), a tetranortriterpene from neem, on the mortality, acetylcholinesterase (ache) activity, and the development of the ovaries of female brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens (stål) was tested in laboratory experiments. the lethal concentrations were determined and applied topically to the adult female bph (lc(50)=0.47 ppm and lc(90)=0.96 ppm). the treated insects exhibited toxic symptoms with a dose-dependent mortality. the lc(50) concentrations were tested a ... | 2008 | 17765967 |
| the toxic effects of neem extract and azadirachtin on the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (stål) (bph) (homoptera: delphacidae). | extracts of neem (azadirachta indica a. juss) are used in the developing world for many purposes including management of agricultural insect pests. the effects of different neem extracts (aqueous (nskeaq), ethanol (nskeeth) and hexane (nskehex)) on mortality, survival and weight of the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (stål) (bph) (homoptera: delphacidae) third and fourth nymphal instars were investigated. when fed rice plants treated with neem derivatives in bioassays, the survival of bph ... | 2007 | 17113126 |
| no cross-resistance between imidacloprid and pymetrozine in the brown planthopper: status and mechanisms. | cross-resistance between insecticides, especially from different groups, can be extremely unpredictable, and it has been a serious concern in pest control. pymetrozine has been widely used to control nilaparvata lugens with the suspension of imidacloprid for the resistance, and n. lugens has showed obvious pymetrozine resistance in recent years. to investigate the possible cross-resistance between imidacloprid and pymetrozine is very important to avoid the adverse effects on resistance developme ... | 2016 | 27155488 |
| effects of host sex, plant species, and putative host species on the prevalence of wolbachia in natural populations of bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae): a modified nested pcr study. | bemisia tabaci (gennadius) (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) is a globally distributed pest. one of the key endosymbionts in b. tabaci is wolbachia, an α-proteobacterium implicated in many important biological processes. previous studies indicated that the infection frequency of wolbachia in middle east-asia minor 1 (meam1) and mediterranean (med) varied greatly among populations in different areas. however, little is known about the factors that influence the prevalence of wolbachia in b. tabaci. in thi ... | 2015 | 26470122 |
| transgenic plants expressing the aait/gna fusion protein show increased resistance and toxicity to both chewing and sucking pests. | the adoption of pest-resistant transgenic plants to reduce yield losses and decrease pesticide use has been successful. to achieve the goal of controlling both chewing and sucking pests in a given transgenic plant, we generated transgenic tobacco, arabidopsis, and rice plants expressing the fusion protein, aait/gna, in which an insecticidal scorpion venom neurotoxin (androctonus australis toxin, aait) is fused to snowdrop lectin (galanthus nivalis agglutinin, gna). compared with transgenic tobac ... | 2016 | 25641865 |
| rna interference-mediated silencing of a halloween gene spookier affects nymph performance in the small brown planthopper laodelphax striatellus. | post-embryonic development of insects is highly dependent on ecdysteroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone. halloween gene spookier (spok, cyp307a2) has been documented to be involved in ecdysteroidogenesis in drosophila melanogaster and bombyx mori. we describe here the cloning and characterization of halloween gene spookier (lsspok, lscyp307a2) in the small brown planthopper laodelphax striatellus, a hemipteran insect species. lsspok has three insect-conserved p450 motifs, that is, helix-k, perf moti ... | 2015 | 24282064 |
| molecular characterization of dsc1 orthologs in invertebrate species. | dsc1 and bsc1 are two founding members of a novel family of invertebrate voltage-gated cation channels with close structural and evolutionary relationships to voltage-gated sodium and calcium channels. in this study, we searched the published genome sequences for dsc1 orthologs. dsc1 orthologs were found in all 48 insect species, and in other invertebrate species belonging to phyla mollusca, cnidaria, hemichordata and echinodermata. however, dsc1 orthologs were not found in four arachnid species ... | 2012 | 22321571 |
| expression of brd1, a plant defensin from brassica rapa, confers resistance against brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens) in transgenic rices. | plant defensins are small (5-10 kda) basic peptides thought to be an important component of the defense pathway against fungal and/or bacterial pathogens. to understand the role of plant defensins in protecting plants against the brown planthopper, a type of insect herbivore, we isolated the brassica rapa defensin 1 (brd1) gene and introduced it into rice (oryza sativa l.) to produce stable transgenic plants. the brd1 protein is homologous to other plant defensins and contains both an n-terminal ... | 2009 | 19714315 |
| oswrky53, a versatile switch in regulating herbivore-induced defense responses in rice. | wrky proteins, which belong to a large family of plant-specific transcription factors, play important roles in plant defenses against pathogens and herbivores by regulating defense-related signaling pathways. recently, a rice wrky transcription factor oswrky53 has been reported to function as a negative feedback modulator of osmpk3/osmpk6 and thereby to control the size of the investment a rice plant makes to defend against a chewing herbivore, the striped stem borer chilo suppressalis. we inves ... | 2016 | 27031005 |
| prioritizing plant defence over growth through wrky regulation facilitates infestation by non-target herbivores. | plants generally respond to herbivore attack by increasing resistance and decreasing growth. this prioritization is achieved through the regulation of phytohormonal signaling networks. however, it remains unknown how this prioritization affects resistance against non-target herbivores. in this study, we identify wrky70 as a specific herbivore-induced, mitogen-activated protein kinase-regulated rice transcription factor that physically interacts with w-box motives and prioritizes defence over gro ... | 2015 | 26083713 |
| contrasting effects of ethylene biosynthesis on induced plant resistance against a chewing and a piercing-sucking herbivore in rice. | ethylene is a stress hormone with contrasting effects on herbivore resistance. however, it remains unknown whether these differences are plant- or herbivore-specific. we cloned a rice 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (acc) synthase gene, osacs2, whose transcripts were rapidly up-regulated in response to mechanical wounding and infestation by two important pests: the striped stem borer (ssb) chilo suppressalis and the brown planthopper (bph) nilaparvata lugens. antisense expression of osacs2 ... | 2014 | 25064847 |
| the 9-lipoxygenase osr9-lox1 interacts with the 13-lipoxygenase-mediated pathway to regulate resistance to chewing and piercing-sucking herbivores in rice. | oxylipins produced by the 13-lipoxygenase (lox) have been reported to play an important role in plant defense responses to herbivores. yet, the role of oxylipins produced by the 9-lox pathway in this process remains largely unknown. here we cloned a gene encoding a chloroplast-localized 9-lox, osr9-lox1, from rice. transcriptional analysis revealed that herbivore infestation, mechanical wounding and jasmonic acid (ja) treatment either repressed or did not enhance the level of osr9-lox1 transcrip ... | 2014 | 24410960 |
| osmpk3 positively regulates the ja signaling pathway and plant resistance to a chewing herbivore in rice. | key message : silencing osmpk3 decreased elicited ja levels, which subsequently reduced levels of herbivore-induced trypsin protease inhibitors (tryppis) and improved the performance of ssb larvae, but did not influence bph. mitogen-activated protein kinases (mpks) are known to play an important role in plant defense by transferring biotic and abiotic signals into programmed cellular responses. however, their functions in the herbivore-induced defense response in rice remain largely unknown. her ... | 2013 | 23344857 |
| the broad-leaf herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid turns rice into a living trap for a major insect pest and a parasitic wasp. | synthetic chemical elicitors of plant defense have been touted as a powerful means for sustainable crop protection. yet, they have never been successfully applied to control insect pests in the field. we developed a high-throughput chemical genetics screening system based on a herbivore-induced linalool synthase promoter fused to a β-glucuronidase (gus) reporter construct to test synthetic compounds for their potential to induce rice defenses. we identified 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d) ... | 2012 | 22313362 |
| an ear-motif-containing erf transcription factor affects herbivore-induced signaling, defense and resistance in rice. | ethylene responsive factors (erfs) are a large family of plant-specific transcription factors that are involved in the regulation of plant development and stress responses. however, little to nothing is known about their role in herbivore-induced defense. we discovered a nucleus-localized erf gene in rice (oryza sativa), oserf3, that was rapidly up-regulated in response to feeding by the rice striped stem borer (ssb) chilo suppressalis. antisense and over-expression of oserf3 revealed that it po ... | 2011 | 21831212 |
| silencing oshi-lox makes rice more susceptible to chewing herbivores, but enhances resistance to a phloem feeder. | the jasmonic acid (ja) pathway plays a central role in plant defense responses against insects. some phloem-feeding insects also induce the salicylic acid (sa) pathway, thereby suppressing the plant's ja response. these phenomena have been well studied in dicotyledonous plants, but little is known about them in monocotyledons. we cloned a chloroplast-localized type 2 13-lipoxygenase gene of rice, oshi-lox, whose transcripts were up-regulated in response to feeding by the rice striped stem borer ... | 2009 | 19656341 |
| selection of nectar plants for use in ecological engineering to promote biological control of rice pests by the predatory bug, cyrtorhinus lividipennis, (heteroptera: miridae). | ecological engineering for pest management involves the identification of optimal forms of botanical diversity to incorporate into a farming system to suppress pests, by promoting their natural enemies. whilst this approach has been extensively researched in many temperate crop systems, much less has been done for rice. this paper reports the influence of various plant species on the performance of a key natural enemy of rice planthopper pests, the predatory mirid bug, cyrtorhinus lividipennis. ... | 2014 | 25254377 |
| insect resistance to nilaparvata lugens and cnaphalocrocis medinalis in transgenic indica rice and the inheritance of gna+sbti transgenes. | molecular genetic analysis and insect bioassay of transgenic indica rice 'zhuxian b' plants carrying snowdrop lectin gene (gna) and soybean trypsin inhibitor gene (sbti) were investigated in detail. pcr, 'dot' blot and pcr-southern blot analysis showed that both transgenes had been incorporated into the rice genome and transmitted up to r3 progeny in most lines tested. some transgenic lines exhibited mendelian segregation, but the other showed either 1:1 (positive: negative for the transgenes) o ... | 2005 | 15593292 |
| novel hydrazone derivatives containing pyridine amide moiety: design, synthesis, and insecticidal activity. | a series of novel hydrazone derivatives containing pyridine amide moiety were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their insecticidal activity. bioassays indicated that some of the target compounds exhibited good insecticidal activities against nilaparvata lugens (n. lugens), plutella xylostella (p. xylostella), mythimna separata (m. separata), helicoverpa armigera (h. armigera), pyrausta nubilalis (p. nubilalis), and culex pipiens pallens (c. pipiens pallens). in particular, compound 5j rev ... | 2016 | 26832221 |
| molecular characterization of the flightin gene in the wing-dimorphic planthopper, nilaparvata lugens, and its evolution in pancrustacea. | flightin was initially identified in drosophila melanogaster. previous work has shown that drosophila flightin plays a key role in indirect flight muscle (ifm) function and has limited expression in the ifm. in this study, we demonstrated that flightin is conserved across the pancrustacea species, including winged insects, non-winged insects, non-insect hexapods and several crustaceans. the brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens (stål) (hemiptera: delphacidae), a long-distance migration ins ... | 2013 | 23459170 |
| effects of high temperature on life history traits and heat shock protein expression in chlorpyrifos-resistant laodelphax striatella. | the resistance of the small brown planthopper (sbph), laodelphax striatella, to insecticides has been widely found in china, and has posed serious problems to efforts to control the pest. to determine the costs and benefits of resistance, the life tables of chlorpyrifos-resistant and -susceptible strains were constructed at 24 and 30°c. the results showed the resistant sbph (yn-cpf) had lower fitness at 24°c, but slightly higher fitness at 30°c compared to the susceptible sbph. transcriptomic an ... | 2017 | 28187833 |
| functional analysis of cyp6er1, a p450 gene associated with imidacloprid resistance in nilaparvata lugens. | the cytochrome p450 cyp6er1 has been reported to play an important role in imidacloprid resistance of the brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens, and is overexpressed in most resistant populations. in the present study, we confirmed that cyp6er1 expression can be induced by certain levels of imidacloprid. developmental expression analysis revealed that cyp6er1 was expressed highly in the adult stage, and tissue distribution analysis showed that cyp6er1 was expressed mainly in the fat body a ... | 2016 | 27721443 |
| bicaudal-c plays a vital role in oogenesis in nilaparvata lugens (hemiptera: delphacidae). | bicaudal-c (bic-c) was originally identified in a drosophila melanogaster mutagenesis screen and plays vital roles in embryogenesis. in this study, we characterized the bic-c gene in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (hemiptera: delphacidae), an insect pest that undergoes incomplete metamorphosis. our result showed that n. lugens bic-c (nlbic-c) is a female-specific gene in this species. it is specifically expressed in developing oocytes and is not expressed in laid eggs. ribonucleic aci ... | 2015 | 26025198 |
| differential mechanisms of action of the novel γ-aminobutyric acid receptor antagonist ectoparasiticides fluralaner (a1443) and fipronil. | fluralaner (a1443) is an isoxazoline ectoparasiticide that is a novel antagonist of γ-aminobutyric acid (gaba) receptors (gabars), with a potency comparable to that of fipronil, a phenylpyrazole ectoparasiticide. to clarify the biological effectiveness of fluralaner against fipronil-resistant pests, differences in the actions of fluralaner and fipronil on gabars that possess resistance to dieldrin (rdl)-type mutations were evaluated. | 2015 | 24591229 |
| molecular cloning and mrna expression of a ryanodine receptor gene in the cotton bollworm, helicoverpa armigera. | ryanodine receptors (ryrs) are the targets of novel diamide insecticides. the cotton bollworm, helicoverpa armigera, is one of the most important cotton pests in the world. in this study, we report the full-length ryr cdna sequence (named as haryr) of h. armigera. the 16,083-bp contiguous sequence encoded 5, 142 amino acid residues, which shares 80% and 78% overall identities with its homologues in nilaparvata lugens (nlryr) and drosophila melanogaster (dmryr), respectively. all hallmarks of ryr ... | 2013 | 24267694 |
| genome-wide screening for components of small interfering rna (sirna) and micro-rna (mirna) pathways in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (hemiptera: delphacidae). | the brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens, is a major rice pest in asia, and accumulated evidence indicates that this species is susceptible to rna interference (rnai); however, the mechanism underlying rnai and parental rnai has not yet been determined. we comprehensively investigated the repertoire of core genes involved in small interfering rna (sirna) and micro-rna (mirna) pathways in the bph by comparing its newly assembled transcriptome and genome with those of drosophila melanogaste ... | 2013 | 23937246 |
| cloning and characterization of two genes coding for the histone acetyltransferases, elp3 and mof, in brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens (stål). | histone acetylation is a vital mechanism for the post-translational modifications of chromatin components. histone acetyltransferases (hats) are critical elements that determine histone acetylation and regulate chromatin dynamics and gene expression. while histone acetyltransferases have been well studied in mammals and drosophila melanogaster, information from agriculturally important insect pests is still limited. in our effort to understand the epigenetic mechanisms regulating development in ... | 2013 | 23142031 |
| nicotinic acetylcholine receptor beta1 subunit from the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens: a-to-i rna editing and its possible roles in neonicotinoid sensitivity. | nicotinic acetylcholine (ach) receptors (nachrs) are ligand-gated ion channels which mediate fast cholinergic synaptic transmission in insect and vertebrate nervous systems. the nachr agonist-binding site is formed by loops a-c present in alpha subunits together with loops d-f present in either non-alpha subunits or homomer-forming alpha subunits. a new non-alpha subunit was cloned from nilaparvata lugens, a major rice pest in many parts of asia, showing very high amino acid identity to other in ... | 2013 | 19254762 |
| complete mitochondrial genome of the small brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus (delphacidae: hemiptera), with a novel gene order. | we determined the first complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) sequence from a representative of the insect family delphacidae, laodelphax striatellus. the 16,513 bp long l. striatellus mitogenome encodes 13 putative proteins, two ribosomal rnas, and 22 transfer rnas, and contains a putative control region (or a+t-rich region). the nucleotide composition is biased toward adenine and thymine (77.2% a+t), and the amino acid composition is affected to a similar degree by the at mutational bias. ... | 2009 | 19968473 |
| isolation ofc-glycosylflavones as probing stimulant of planthoppers in rice plant. | three species of planthopper,nilaparvata lugens,sogatella furcifera, andlaodelphax striatellus, showed characteristic behavior of stylet probing in parenchymal tissues of plants. feeding experiments of planthoppers on aqueous sucrose solution containing the extract of rice plants or barnyard grass revealed the presence of the stimulant for the probing behavior in the plant tissues. eightc-glycosylflavones which stimulated stylet probing were isolated from rice plants. four of them were identifie ... | 1985 | 24310066 |
| isolation and partial characterization of a new reovirus in the chinese mitten crab, eriocheir sinensis h milne edwards. | a second type of freshwater crab reovirus has been isolated from chinese mitten crab, eriocheir sinensis h. milne edwards, in china; we named it e. sinensis reovirus (esrv816). the negatively stained virion is a non-enveloped icosahedral particle, 60 ± 5 nm in diameter. its genome is composed of 10 dsrna linear pieces exhibiting an electrophoretic pattern of 5/3/2. the largest segment (rna-1) was cloned and sequenced. the deduced amino acid sequence, corresponding to the rdrp of the virus, showe ... | 2012 | 22804822 |
| resistance to green leafhopper (nephotettix virescens) and brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens) in transgenic rice expressing snowdrop lectin (galanthus nivalis agglutinin; gna). | transgenic rice plants expressing snowdrop lectin (galanthus nivalis agglutinin; gna) were screened for resistance to green leafhopper (nephotettix virescens; glh), a major homopteran pest of rice. survival was reduced by 29% and 53% (p<0.05) respectively, on plants where gna expression was tissue-specific (phloem and epidermal layer) or constitutive. similar levels of resistance in gna-expressing transgenic rice were previously reported for rice brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens; bph). gna ... | 2000 | 12770221 |
| immunohistochemical and developmental studies to elucidate the mechanism of action of the snowdrop lectin on the rice brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (stal). | rice brown planthoppers (nilaparvata lugens) were fed on artificial diet containing snowdrop lectin (galanthus nivalis agglutinin; gna), which has been shown to be toxic towards this insect pest. in addition to decreasing survival, the lectin affected development, reducing the growth rate of nymphs by approximately 50% when present at a concentration of 5.3&mgr;m. immunolocalisation studies showed that lectin binding was concentrated on the luminal surface of the midgut epithelial cells within t ... | 1998 | 12769935 |
| expression of snowdrop lectin (gna) in transgenic rice plants confers resistance to rice brown planthopper. | snowdrop lectin (galanthus nivalis agglutinin; gna) has been shown previously to be toxic towards rice brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens; bph) when administered in artificial diet. bph feeds by phloem abstraction, and causes 'hopper burn', as well as being an important virus vector. to evaluate the potential of the gna gene to confer resistance towards bph, transgenic rice (oryza sativa l.) plants were produced, containing the gna gene in constructs where its expression was driven by a phloe ... | 1998 | 9753773 |
| response of adult brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens (stål) to rice nutrient management. | nitrogen (n) limitation is well documented for the brown planthopper (bph) nilaparvata lugens (stål), but phosphorus (p) and potassium (k) limitation is poorly studied. we studied the effects of n, p, and k application on chemical composition of rice plants and its consequences on life parameters-adult longevity, fecundity, and egg hatchability of bph. life parameters of bph were regressed as function of plant chemical composition. a completely randomized design with four replicates in a factori ... | 2016 | 27155974 |
| transgenic bt rice lines producing cry1ac, cry2aa or cry1ca have no detrimental effects on brown planthopper and pond wolf spider. | transgenic rice expressing cry genes from the bacterium bacillus thuringiensis (bt rice) is highly resistant to lepidopteran pests. the brown planthopper (bph, nilaparvata lugens) is the main non-target sap-sucking insect pest of bt transgenic rice. the pond wolf spider (pws, pardosa pseudoannulata) is one of the most dominant predators of bph in rice fields. consequently, the safety evaluation of bt rice on bph and pws should be conducted before commercialization. in the current study, two expe ... | 2017 | 28512299 |
| development of a simplified rt-pcr without rna isolation for rapid detection of rna viruses in a single small brown planthopper (laodelphax striatellus fallén). | the small brown planthopper (sbph) is an important pest of cereal crops and acts as a transmission vector for multiple rna viruses. rapid diagnosis of virus in the vector is crucial for efficient forecast and control of viral disease. reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) is a rapid, sensitive and reliable method for virus detection. the traditional rt-pcr contains a rna isolation step and is widely used for virus detection in insect. however, using the traditional rt-pcr for ... | 2017 | 28468626 |
| co-infection of two reoviruses increases both viruses accumulation in rice by up-regulating of viroplasm components and movement proteins bilaterally and rna silencing suppressor unilaterally. | synergism between southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (srbsdv) and rice ragged stunt virus (rrsv) not only aggravates disease symptoms but also enhances their vector acquisition efficiencies by increasing both viruses' titers in co-infected rice plants, which may exacerbate the epidemic of both viruses and cause significant damage to rice production. the molecular mechanism of viral synergism of these two viruses remains unexplored. | 2017 | 28789694 |
| bacterial microbiota in small brown planthopper populations with different rice viruses. | the small brown planthopper (sbph) is an important virus vector, transmitting rice stripe virus (rsv), and rice black-streaked dwarf virus (rbsdv). insect symbionts play an essential role in the insect fitness, however, it is still unclear about their contributions to viral transmission by sbph. here, we investigated endosymbiont communities in non-viruliferous, rsv-infected, and rbsdv-infected sbph populations using illumina 16s rrna gene miseq sequencing. in total, 281,803 effective sequences ... | 2017 | 28471518 |
| the c-jun n-terminal kinase pathway of a vector insect is activated by virus capsid protein and promotes viral replication. | no evidence has shown whether insect-borne viruses manipulate the c-jun n-terminal kinase (jnk) signaling pathway of vector insects. using a system comprising the plant virus rice stripe virus (rsv) and its vector insect, the small brown planthopper, we have studied the response of the vector insect's jnk pathway to plant virus infection. we found that rsv increased the level of tumor necrosis factor-α and decreased the level of g protein pathway suppressor 2 (gps2) in the insect vector. the vir ... | 2017 | 28716183 |
| quantitative analysis of rice stripe virus in a transovarial transmission cycle during the development and reproduction of its vector, laodelphax striatellus. | the amount of rice stripe virus (rsv) maintained through transovarial transmission was analyzed during the development and reproduction of its vector, laodelphax striatellus. reverse transcription quantitative pcr analysis was used to quantify rna expressed from the rsv coat protein (cp) gene as an estimate of rsv content in nymphs and adults of l. striatellus at various developmental stages. the 18s ribosome rna gene of l. striatellus was chosen as the reference for calculating rsv cp expressio ... | 2017 | 28589385 |
| influence of the rdl a301s mutation in the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens on the activity of phenylpyrazole insecticides. | we discovered the a301s mutation in the rdl gaba-gated chloride channel of fiprole resistant rice brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens populations by dna sequencing and snp calling via rnaseq. ethiprole selection of two field n. lugens populations resulted in strong resistance to both ethiprole and fipronil and resulted in fixation of the a301s mutation, as well as the emergence of another mutation, q359e in one of the selected strains. to analyse the roles of these mutations in resistance to p ... | 2017 | 29107231 |
| expression pattern and pharmacological characterisation of two novel alternative splice variants of the glutamate-gated chloride channel in the small brown planthopper laodelphax striatellus. | glutamate-gated chloride channels (glucl) mediate fast inhibitory neurotransmission in invertebrate nervous systems. although only one glucl gene was presented in insects, it showed diverse alternative splicing that was speculated could affect channel function and pharmacology. | 2017 | 27302648 |
| osmpk3 is a tey-type rice mapk in group c and phosphorylates osbhlh65, a transcription factor binding to the e-box element. | osmpk3 is a tey-type rice mapk belonging to group c and directly phosphorylates osbhlh65 in the nucleus. osmpk3 and osbhlh65 are induced by biotic stress and defense-related hormones. mitogen-activated protein kinases (mapks) are involved in the majority of signaling pathways that regulate plant development and stress tolerance via the phosphorylation of target molecules. plant mapks are classified into two subtypes, tey and tdy, according to the txy (x = e or d) motif in their activation loop, ... | 2014 | 24777821 |
| design, synthesis, and bioactivities of novel oxadiazole-substituted pyrazole oximes. | a series of novel pyrazole oxime derivatives containing a substituted oxadiazole group were designed and synthesized. the bioassay results indicated that some title compounds displayed good acaricidal and insecticidal activities against tetranychus cinnabarinus, aphis medicaginis, oriental armyworm, and nilaparvata lugens. especially, compounds 7a, 7b, and 7c had 80%, 90%, and 90% insecticidal activities against a. medicaginis at 20μg/ml, respectively. interestingly, some of the designed compoun ... | 2017 | 28108247 |
| discrimination of rice panicles by hyperspectral reflectance data based on principal component analysis and support vector classification. | detection of crop health conditions plays an important role in making control strategies of crop disease and insect damage and gaining high-quality production at late growth stages. in this study, hyperspectral reflectance of rice panicles was measured at the visible and near-infrared regions. the panicles were divided into three groups according to health conditions: healthy panicles, empty panicles caused by nilaparvata lugens stål, and panicles infected with ustilaginoidea virens. low order d ... | 2010 | 20043354 |
| map-based cloning and characterization of bph29, a b3 domain-containing recessive gene conferring brown planthopper resistance in rice. | rice (oryza sativa l.) production, essential for global food security, is threatened by the brown planthopper (bph). the breeding of host-resistant crops is an economical and environmentally friendly strategy for pest control, but few resistance gene resources have thus far been cloned. an indica rice introgression line rbph54, derived from wild rice oryza rufipogon, has been identified with sustainable resistance to bph, which is governed by recessive alleles at two loci. in this study, a map-b ... | 2015 | 26136269 |
| fine mapping and characterization of bph27, a brown planthopper resistance gene from wild rice (oryza rufipogon griff.). | the brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens stål; bph) is one of the most serious rice pests worldwide. growing resistant varieties is the most effective way to manage this insect, and wild rice species are a valuable source of resistance genes for developing resistant cultivars. bph27 derived from an accession of guangxi wild rice, oryza rufipogon griff. (accession no. 2183, hereafter named gx2183), was primarily mapped to a 17-cm region on the long arm of the chromosome four. in this study, fine ... | 2013 | 23001338 |
| silicon amendment to rice plants contributes to reduced feeding in a phloem-sucking insect through modulation of callose deposition. | silicon (si) uptake by poaceae plants has beneficial effects on herbivore defense. increased plant physical barrier and altered herbivorous feeding behaviors are documented to reduce herbivorous arthropod feeding and contribute to enhanced plant defense. here, we show that si amendment to rice (oryza sativa) plants contributes to reduced feeding in a phloem feeder, the brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens, bph), through modulation of callose deposition. we associated the temporal dynamics of bp ... | 2018 | 29321899 |
| identification of virus-derived sirnas and their targets in rbsdv-infected rice by deep sequencing. | rna interference (rnai) is a conserved mechanism against viruses in plants and animals. it is thought to inactivate the viral genome by producing virus-derived small interfering rnas (vsirnas). rice black-streaked dwarf virus (rbsdv) is transmitted to plants by the small brown planthopper (laodelphax striatellus), and seriously threatens production of rice in east asia, particularly oryza sativa japonica subspecies. through deep sequencing, genome-wide comparisons of rbsdv-derived vsirnas were m ... | 2017 | 29215744 |
| a mucin-like protein of planthopper is required for feeding and induces immunity response in plants. | the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens, is a pest that threatens rice (oryza sativa) production worldwide. while feeding on rice plants, planthoppers secrete saliva, which plays crucial roles in nutrient ingestion and modulating plant defense responses, although the specific functions of salivary proteins remain largely unknown. we identified an n. lugens-secreted mucin-like protein (nlmlp) by transcriptome and proteome analyses and characterized its function, both in brown planthopper and in ... | 2018 | 29133370 |
| the coiled-coil and nucleotide binding domains of brown planthopper resistance14 function in signaling and resistance against planthopper in rice. | brown planthopper resistance14 (bph14), the first planthopper resistance gene isolated via map-based cloning in rice (oryza sativa), encodes a coiled-coil, nucleotide binding site, leucine-rich repeat (cc-nb-lrr) protein. several planthopper and aphid resistance genes encoding proteins with similar structures have recently been identified. here, we analyzed the functions of the domains of bph14 to identify molecular mechanisms underpinning bph14-mediated planthopper resistance. the cc or nb doma ... | 2017 | 29093216 |
| comparative proteomic analysis of susceptible and resistant rice plants during early infestation by small brown planthopper. | the small brown planthopper (laodelphax striatellus fallén, homoptera, delphacidae-sbph) is one of the major destructive pests of rice (oryza sativa l.). understanding on how rice responds to sbph infestation will contribute to developing strategies for sbph control. however, the response of rice plant to sbph is poorly understood. in this study, two contrasting rice genotypes, pf9279-4 (sbph-resistant) and 02428 (sbph-susceptible), were used for comparative analysis of protein profiles in the l ... | 2017 | 29089949 |