| restriction endonuclease analysis of dna from ruminant chlamydia psittaci and its relation to mouse virulence. | dna from 20 pathogenic or non-pathogenic ruminant strains of chlamydia psittaci was compared by restriction endonuclease analysis. the strains could be easily differentiated according to their invasiveness for mouse, whatever their pathological origin. dna patterns of invasive strains were similar, whereas those of non-invasive strains were distributed in two groups. | 1992 | 1626375 |
| efficient culture of chlamydia pneumoniae with cell lines derived from the human respiratory tract. | two established cell lines, h 292 and hep-2, originating from the human respiratory tract, were found to be significantly more efficient and practical than the currently used hela 229 cells for growth of chlamydia pneumoniae. six strains of c. pneumoniae recently isolated from patients with respiratory ailments were used as test cultures. the h 292 and hep-2 cells yielded much higher inclusion counts for all the test strains than did hela 229 cells. when they were compared with each other, h 292 ... | 1992 | 1629316 |
| smoking is a potential confounder of the chlamydia pneumoniae-coronary artery disease association. | two recent studies, which did not adequately control for smoking status, found associations between chlamydia pneumoniae serological titers and various manifestations of coronary artery disease (cad). the validity of c. pneumoniae-cad associations found in case-control studies has been criticized on the basis that smoking, known to be associated with cad and hypothesized to be associated with c. pneumoniae seroreactivity via an increased prevalence of respiratory infection in smokers, could be a ... | 1992 | 1637792 |
| development of an enzyme immunoassay to detect antibody to chlamydia pneumoniae strain twar and its application in a limited seroepidemiological survey. | a non-competitive enzyme immunoassay (eia) was developed to detect igg antibody to the recently-described species chlamydia pneumoniae strain twar. purified elementary bodies of the organism were used as capture antigen. cross-reacting antibody to chlamydia trachomatis was detected in the assay by running a parallel eia for igg antibody to c. trachomatis. the c. pneumoniae assay was validated by comparing the results on 60 selected sera with those obtained with the microimmunofluorescence test. ... | 1992 | 1641267 |
| prevalence of antibodies to five selected zoonosis agents in monkeys. | the prevalence of antibodies against 5 zoonosis agents was determined in serum samples of 443 breeding monkeys. of the monkeys, 296 were bred or kept for a long time at r institute, and the remaining 147 were newly imported from the philippines and kept at s institute for quarantine. antibodies to simian virus 40 were highly prevalent at 89.1% among monkeys of r institute, whereas no antibody could be detected in those of s institute. antibodies to chlamydia psittaci and yersinia pseudotuberculo ... | 1991 | 1657210 |
| morphological studies of the association of mitochondria with chlamydial inclusions and the fusion of chlamydial inclusions. | the association of mitochondria with the inclusions of five strains of chlamydia psittaci, two strains of c. trachomatis and one strain of c. pneumoniae was examined by electron microscopy. the results demonstrated that mitochondrial association occurred only with the c. psittaci inclusions, but not with the c. trachomatis and c. pneumoniae inclusions. multiple inclusions formed by infection with a single strain could fuse with each other during their expansion, but fusion never occurred between ... | 1991 | 1666645 |
| isolation and sequence analysis of the chlamydia pneumoniae groe operon. | chlamydia pneumoniae has emerged as an important human respiratory pathogen. from a lambda gt11 gene bank constructed from c. pneumoniae isolate ar-39 dna, an immunoreactive plaque containing a 3.0-kb insert was purified. in immunoblots, a 60-kda protein was recognized by anti-c. pneumoniae rabbit immune serum. the recombinant protein was reactive with a chlamydia genus-specific monoclonal antibody recognizing a 60-kda protein found in the sarkosyl-soluble fraction and with rabbit immune serum p ... | 1991 | 1682266 |
| restriction pattern of the major outer-membrane protein gene provides evidence for a homogeneous invasive group among ruminant isolates of chlamydia psittaci. | thirty-six ruminant isolates of chlamydia psittaci, previously classified as invasive or non-invasive in a mouse model of virulence, were compared by analysing alui restriction patterns of the major outer-membrane protein (momp) gene after dna amplification by the polymerase chain reaction. the 24 invasive isolates, although from various origins, all belonged to serotype 1 and represented a strictly homogeneous group sharing a specific momp-gene restriction pattern that was not observed in the n ... | 1991 | 1686054 |
| a simple staining method for the identification of chlamydial elementary bodies in the fetal membranes of sheep affected by ovine enzootic abortion. | a dark-ground methylene blue (dgmb) staining method was used to demonstrate chlamydial elementary bodies in fetal membranes of sheep affected by chlamydia psittaci. before evaluation on material from clinically affected animals, the dgmb method was compared with modified ziehl-neelsen (mzn) and dark-ground giemsa (dgg) staining methods for its ability to demonstrate chlamydial elementary bodies in hens' eggs which had been experimentally infected with c. psittaci. dgmb was more specific in its s ... | 1990 | 1689523 |
| [effects of deae-dextran, centrifugation, cycloheximide and their combination on infection and growth of chlamydia psittaci bird isolates]. | in order to establish a stable and uniform cultural method in a cell line hala 229, we studied the effect of deae-dextran, centrifugation, cycloheximide and their combination on infectivity and progeny yields of chlamydia psittaci isolated mainly from birds. of 11 strains (10 avian and one human origin ito strain), 9 showed maximal inclusion formation when host cells were treated with a combination of dextran and cycloheximide. of the other two strains, one showed maximum inclusion formation wit ... | 1990 | 1692335 |
| characterization of circulating antibodies against chlamydia psittaci in turkeys. | plasma and joint fluids from turkeys experimentally inoculated with chlamydia psittaci strain tt3 were evaluated by immunoblotting to identify antibodies elicited by chlamydial antigens during the course of infection. protein antigens from elementary bodies of tt3 were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and transferred electrophoretically to nitrocellulose before being probed with plasma or synovial fluid from tt3-inoculated birds. the major outer-membrane pro ... | 1990 | 1704213 |
| partial characterization of an 89-kda highly immunoreactive protein from chlamydia psittaci a/22 causing ovine abortion. | an 89-kda immunogen from chlamydia psittaci a/22 causing ovine abortion was partially characterized. the 89-kda protein, localized on the outer membrane complex of chlamydiae, was synthesized relatively early in the developmental cycle. the protein contained cysteine but was not extensively cross-linked by disulfide bonds. treatment with proteases apparently did not cleave the protein. the infectivity of strain a/22 was partially (60%) reduced by treatment of chlamydial elementary bodies with mo ... | 1991 | 1714846 |
| [monoclonal antibodies to chlamydia psittaci: their isolation, characteristics and use]. | a panel of 22 hybridomas producing monoclonal antibodies (mcab) to c. psittaci was obtained. 15 hybridomas produced igg1 antibodies, 4 hybridomas produced igm antibodies and 3 hybridomas produced igg2b, igg3 or iga antibodies. igg1 antibodies and 2 igm antibodies did not bind complement in the complement fixation test. all mcab were reactive in the enzyme immunoassay and the indirect immunofluorescence test and did not precipitate specific antigens. peroxidase conjugates on the basis of mcab eff ... | 1991 | 1724861 |
| no association of chronic chlamydia pneumoniae infection with chronic fatigue syndrome. | | 1992 | 1727893 |
| guillain-barré syndrome after chlamydia pneumoniae infection. | | 1992 | 1732807 |
| chronic chlamydia pneumoniae infection as a risk factor for coronary heart disease in the helsinki heart study. | to investigate in the prospective helsinki heart study, whether chronic chlamydia pneumoniae infection, indicated by elevated antibody titers against the pathogen, chlamydial lipopolysaccharide-containing immune complexes, or both, is a risk factor for coronary heart disease. | 1992 | 1733381 |
| [acute respiratory infections by chlamydia pneumoniae]. | | 1992 | 1735378 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae, strain twar, infection in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. | twar, the only known serovar of chlamydia pneumoniae, is a newly described bacterium that has been identified as a cause of both epidemics and endemic cases of pneumonia. the role of twar infection in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) is not known. we conducted a prospective study to establish whether twar infection is a common cause of acute exacerbations of copd. we studied two groups of patients: 44 patients admitted to the hospital with acute exacerbations of copd, a ... | 1991 | 1741558 |
| study: atypical pneumonias not as rare in elderly as believed. | | 1991 | 1743525 |
| [a new respiratory tract pathogen]. | chlamydia pneumoniae strain twar, a newly described chlamydia organism is a common cause of pneumonia and other acute respiratory tract infections. most twar infections are mild or asymptomatic, but occasionally severe pneumonia in elderly patients or with on going chronic diseases has been observed. population antibody prevalence has shown that twar infection is world-wide infection and an important health problem since under-developing countries where the high rate of child death is predominan ... | 1991 | 1745154 |
| infection as a risk factor for infarction and atherosclerosis. | a growing amount of clinical and experimental evidence suggests a link between infection and atherosclerotic diseases including both myocardial and cerebral infarction. a prime example is a greatly increased risk of stroke in septicaemic patients with and without endocarditis. controlled clinical studies have recently shown, however, that certain other milder bacterial infections are also a risk factor for infarction. a preceding febrile respiratory infection was a major risk factor for stroke i ... | 1991 | 1756023 |
| pcr test for chlamydia psittaci. | | 1991 | 1760023 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae (twar) in neonates. | | 1991 | 1766717 |
| elisa testing for avian chlamydiosis. | studies of chlamydia antigen elisa and belisa assays are reviewed. this article includes descriptions of university studies and clinical laboratory usage of assays. a guide to clinical interpretation of tests is included. | 1991 | 1767468 |
| abortion in japanese cows caused by chlamydia psittaci. | an outbreak of abortion in cows occurring in niigata prefecture was shown to be caused by chlamydia psittaci. elementary bodies characteristic of chlamydia were found in the liver of aborted fetuses and c. psittaci antigen was demonstrated by indirect immunofluorescence. chlamydia was isolated from the liver of aborted fetuses by the yolk sac inoculation of developing chick embryos and by the intraperitoneal inoculation of guinea pigs. abortion occurred mostly in middle or late pregnancy. aborte ... | 1991 | 1771749 |
| detection and strain differentiation of chlamydia psittaci mediated by a two-step polymerase chain reaction. | specific and sensitive amplification of major outer membrane protein (momp) gene dna sequences of chlamydia psittaci was achieved in a two-step polymerase chain reaction. first, oligonucleotide primers specific for 5' and 3' nontranslated regulatory regions of the momp gene were used in a polymerase chain reaction to amplify a dna fragment of approximately 1,400 bp. a portion of this dna fragment was amplified in a second reaction using a degenerate oligonucleotide primer specific for a dna sequ ... | 1991 | 1774323 |
| asymptomatic respiratory tract infection with chlamydia pneumoniae twar. | chlamydia pneumoniae is a newly recognized organism associated with respiratory tract infections. asymptomatic infection with c. pneumoniae, although it has been suggested to occur, has not been previously documented. we describe two asymptomatic individuals infected with this organism; these infections demonstrate that c. pneumoniae is able to establish a subclinical infection. | 1991 | 1774340 |
| ultrastructure of chlamydia pneumoniae in cell culture. | the electron microscopic appearance of chlamydia pneumoniae elementary bodies with pear-shaped, loose outer membrane has been suggested as one criterion of its classification as a new chlamydial species. the study of the original strain tw 183 in lcl 929 and hl cells and a low-passage isolate of kajaani-6 isolate in hl cells revealed spherical compact elementary bodies common to other chlamydia. | 1991 | 1778435 |
| immune responses of the ovine lymph node to chlamydia psittaci. a cellular study of popliteal efferent lymph. | the popliteal efferent lymphatics were cannulated in sheep of two categories, seronegative or immune to chlamydia psittaci. following subcutaneous injection of live c. psittaci or control material into the draining area of the popliteal node, sequential samples of efferent lymph were collected and analysed. both categories of sheep responded to c. psittaci with increased outputs of lymphocytes and blast cells. numbers of blast cells rose both absolutely and as a proportion of the total. plasmabl ... | 1991 | 1779041 |
| [isolation and identification of chlamydia spp. from effusion of otitis media]. | three chlamydial strains isolated from patients of otitis media with effusion were studied by comparing reactivity to monoclonal antibody (mab) and polyclonal antibody (pab) produced against one clinical isolate (named mk), which was first isolated by dr mukai (mukai microbiological research laboratory, yamato-shi, kanagawa prefecture). commercially supplied antibody (microtrak (syva), culture-set (ortho diagnostic system)) was also used. to isolate the chlamydia spp, the yolk sacs of eggs were ... | 1991 | 1783812 |
| [acute upper respiratory tract infections associated with chlamydia pneumoniae]. | from march 1990 to january 1991, a total of 46 outpatients with acute upper respiratory infections (urti) were studied to determine the etiological role of chlamydia pneumoniae. sera from 40 patients were tested by micro-if method for evidence of recent or past infections of this organism, and swab specimens from tonsilar crypt from 26 were cultured. sera from 20 patients without any evidence of acute infectious disease were selected as controls. the seroprevalence of antibodies to c. pneumoniae ... | 1991 | 1791337 |
| community acquired pneumonia caused by chlamydia pneumoniae strain twar in chronic cardiopulmonary disease in the elderly. | the role of chlamydia pneumoniae in respiratory infections is controversial. seroepidemiological studies in different countries have shown an incidence of around 50% of previous contact, whereas prospective studies only in the usa have detected 6-10% of c. pneumoniae in community acquired pneumonias; in a similar swedish study no cases were detected. there have been no descriptions of this chlamydia in mediterranean countries. the acute antibody response indicative of recent infection is accepte ... | 1991 | 1792424 |
| [enzootic abortion in a goat herd, caused by mixed infection with coxiella burnetii and chlamydia psittaci. case report]. | we report on an outbreak of enzootic abortion in a herd of goats with high losses caused by mixed infection with coxiella burnetii and chlamydia psittaci. both agents could be detected by microscopic investigation of smears from afterbirths by giménez staining and by a capture enzyme-linked immunofluorescence assay (capture elifa). additionally, coxiella burnetii was isolated from the same tissues in bgm cell cultures. serological investigations with cf, indirect elifa, and if tests revealed hig ... | 1991 | 1796465 |
| [chlamydia pneumonia (strain twar) infection--a new respiratory tract pathogen]. | | 1991 | 1802444 |
| [a skin allergy test in chlamydial abortion in sheep]. | 46 head of pregnant sheep, the tsigaya breed, were subjected to the skin allergy test and subsequently divided into two groups. sheep were in the 3rd month of gravidity and were a part of a flock consisting of 300 head, in which chlamydia-induced abortion was recorded in sheep. the skin allergic test was done by the rodolakis et al. (1977) method, modified by us, to indicate the level of cell-mediated immune response. simultaneously with it, serological examinations (complement fixation test--cf ... | 1991 | 1807041 |
| serological assessment of chlamydial infection in the koala by a slide eia technique. | a rapid and simplified slide enzyme immunosorbent assay (eia) was developed for the diagnosis of chlamydial infection in the koala. hela 229 cells infected with koala strain chlamydia psittaci were fixed on the surface of multiwell slides and used as the antigen. the assay consisted of first reacting koala antiserum with the fixed c psittaci antigen, followed by reaction with biotinylated rabbit anti-koala igg, abc reagent and substrate. the chlamydial eia antibody titres obtained were compared ... | 1991 | 1807246 |
| nucleotide sequence of a gene encoding a new genus specific protein of chlamydia psittaci. | dna fragment no. 13 from the c. psittaci pigeon strain, has been cloned in the plasmid puc19. hybridization analysis revealed that the fragment maintained a chlamydial common sequence. furthermore, nucleotide sequencing identified two partial open reading frames (orf), 675b. p. and 530b. p. expression of orfs revealed that the second orf encoded 25kd polypeptide, whereas the first orf did not produce any antigenic product. the 25kd beta-galactosidase fusion protein reacted strongly with chlamydi ... | 1991 | 1821438 |
| characterization of dna fragment from chlamydia psittaci avian strain which shows high homology with hypb gene of chlamydia. | a study was performed to characterize dna fragment no. 17 of c. psittaci strain p-1041 which encoded 42 kd beta-galactosidase fusion protein with type-specific antigenicity. sequence determination identified a partial open reading frame that spanned about 1,200b. p. nucleotides. screening the literatures for the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences revealed extensive similarity between the dna fragment of p-1041 and two chlamydial hypb genes. this dna showed 91.5% homology with c. psittac ... | 1991 | 1821439 |
| [epidemiology of infection by chlamydia pneumoniae in spain]. | | 1991 | 1822162 |
| antigenic analysis of feline and bovine chlamydia psittaci with monoclonal antibodies. | monoclonal antibodies were established for antigenic analysis of feline and bovine chlamydia psittaci. the monoclonal antibodies recognized lipopolysaccharide (lps), 56-64, 84 or 86 kda antigens. at least 5 antibody-binding sites were detected on lps with the monoclonal antibodies. the 56-64 kda antigen was suggested to have both polypeptide and carbohydrate antibody binding sites. immunoblotting analysis of cat and cattle sera indicated that the 56-64 kda antigen is an important antigen in host ... | 1991 | 1830787 |
| antigenic analysis of avian chlamydia psittaci using monoclonal antibodies to the major outer membrane protein. | monoclonal antibodies to the major outer membrane protein (momp) of chlamydia psittaci derived from a parrot were established for antigenic analysis of avian c. psittaci. with 17 monoclonal antibodies to momp, 17 reactivity patterns were identified on 112 strains of c. psittaci, c. pneumoniae and c. trachomatis, which were isolated from birds, mammals and humans in japan, u.s.a., canada and taiwan, from 1938 to 1987. immunological reactivity of budgerigar-derived strains to the monoclonal antibo ... | 1991 | 1832026 |
| kinetic studies on the appearance of antigens of chlamydia psittaci during its developmental cycle. | the kinetics of the antigen production of chlamydia psittaci strains izawa-1 and pigeon-1041 (p-1041) was examined every 6 hr after infection up to 48 hr, by the indirect immunofluorescent antibody technique using monoclonal antibodies (mabs). all three genus-specific antigenic determinants on lipopolysaccharide (lps) appeared during the whole growth cycle. antigenic determinants on proteins were, on the other hand, detected at various time periods from the early to the late stages of infection. ... | 1991 | 1834211 |
| sequence analysis of the major outer membrane protein gene of chlamydia pneumoniae. | compared with the major outer membrane proteins (momps) of the other chlamydial species, the chlamydia pneumoniae momp appears to be less antigenically complex, and as determined by immunoblot analysis, it does not appear to be the immunodominant antigen recognized during infection. nucleotide sequence analysis of the c. pneumoniae momp gene (ompa) revealed that it consisted of a 1,167-base open reading frame with an inferred 39,344-dalton mature protein of 366 amino acids plus a 23-amino-acid l ... | 1991 | 1840574 |
| comparison of avian chlamydia psittaci isolates by restriction endonuclease analysis and serovar-specific monoclonal antibodies. | avian chlamydia psittaci isolates were examined by restriction endonuclease analysis and serovar-specific monoclonal antibodies and compared with ovine abortion and polyarthritis isolates. the avian isolates were divided into four serovars (turkey, psittacine, pigeon, and duck) based on their reactivity to the monoclonal antibodies. the dna digest patterns were similar across the four avian serovars; most bands were identical when the isolates were tested with psti, bamhi, and ecori restriction ... | 1991 | 1848867 |
| cloning and sequence analysis of the major outer membrane protein gene of chlamydia psittaci 6bc. | the gene encoding the major outer membrane protein (momp) of the psittacine chlamydia psittaci strain 6bc was cloned and sequenced. n-terminal protein sequencing of the mature momp indicated that it is posttranslationally processed at a site identical to the site previously identified in the momp of chlamydia trachomatis l2. the nucleotide sequence of the c. psittaci 6bc momp gene was found to be 67 to 68% identical to those of human c. trachomatis strains, 73% identical to that of chlamydia pne ... | 1991 | 1856001 |
| genetic diversity and identification of human infection by amplification of the chlamydial 60-kilodalton cysteine-rich outer membrane protein gene. | the 60-kda cysteine-rich outer membrane protein genes of chlamydia psittaci, chlamydia pneumoniae, and chlamydia trachomatis have very different 5' ends, but two areas flanking this variable region show absolute sequence conservation. this observation permitted differentiation of the three species of chlamydia by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr), forming the basis of a diagnostic test for chlamydial infections. the pcr product containing the variable region of the respective 60-kda crp genes ... | 1991 | 1864938 |
| 'clearview' rapid test compared with other methods to diagnose chlamydial infection. | | 1991 | 1866877 |
| the chlamydial pneumonias. | | 1991 | 1867764 |
| [anti-chlamydia psittaci antibodies in a healthy pediatric population]. | psittacosis or ornithosis is a bird disease caused by chlamydia psittaci which can be transmitted to man. little is known of the epidemiology of the disease in this region, but occasional cases which have been brought to the authors' attention have prompted an epidemiological study on the subject. the preliminary results indicate a surprising percentage, over 8%, of antibodies in infants and children. this percentage varies little in relation to place of residence, rural or urban, or the presenc ... | 1991 | 1870537 |
| [diagnosis and therapy of chlamydia pneumonia]. | | 1991 | 1875103 |
| endocytic mechanisms utilized by chlamydiae and their influence on induction of productive infection. | the microfilament-disrupting drug cytochalasin d and, initially, inoculation at 20 degrees c were used to differentiate between phagocytosis (sensitive to both treatments) and pinocytosis (resistant to both treatments) to assess whether chlamydial uptake into mccoy cells occurred by one or both mechanisms and whether each could contribute to productive infection. both treatments suppressed the infectivity of chlamydia trachomatis l2/434/bu and c. psittaci gpic (the guinea pig inclusion conjuncti ... | 1991 | 1879929 |
| evaluation of an immunofluorescence test on direct smears of conjunctival and urogenital swabs taken from koalas for the detection of chlamydia psittaci. | the chlamydia-cel vet if test (ccvit), a commercially available immunofluorescence test for use on direct smears of clinical specimens, was evaluated in a colony of 43 captive koalas. the test is based on a monoclonal antibody directed against the chlamydial common group specific lipopolysaccharide antigen. swabs were taken from conjuncitva and penis or urogenital sinus and used for direct smear evaluation and cell culture isolation. compared with isolation of the organism in cell culture, the c ... | 1991 | 1883293 |
| chlamydial infection in a colony of captive koalas. | forty three koalas in a captive colony were investigated for the presence of chlamydia psittaci infection and associated disease. swabs were taken from conjunctivae and urogenital sites for cell culture isolation of c psittaci and for cytological examination (direct smears) for chlamydial inclusions and evidence of inflammation. on the basis of cell culture isolation, 28 samples from 25 koalas were positive for c psittaci (that is, infected). three koalas were positive from both sites, 5 from co ... | 1991 | 1883294 |
| [familial outbreak of psittacosis]. | three familial cases of psittacosis are reported. the first case was a 46-year-old woman, the second case, her 18-year-old daughter. both of them often visited the house of the third case, a 49-year-old women, who was the elder sister of case 1 and who took care of the chick of a budgerigar which she kept in the house. case 1 came to our hospital with abrupt onset of fever, headache, nausea and general malaise. because she was suspected to have meningitis, she was admitted to the department of n ... | 1991 | 1886299 |
| serotyping of chlamydia psittaci isolates using serovar-specific monoclonal antibodies with the microimmunofluorescence test. | a panel of 10 serovar-specific monoclonal antibodies that could distinguish 10 distinct serovars of chlamydia psittaci was prepared. the panel included one monoclonal antibody to each of the 10 serovars. monoclonal antibodies were selected for their specificity in the indirect microimmunofluorescence test. each of the monoclonal antibodies had a titer of 1:1,280 or higher to the homologous strain, with only two showing any cross-reactivity at a dilution of 1:10. chlamydial antigen derived from o ... | 1991 | 1890172 |
| [simultaneous infection by coxiella burnetii and chlamydia psittaci in 2 patients: the problem of psittacosis of non-avian origin]. | | 1991 | 1895793 |
| pcr test for chlamydia psittaci. | | 1991 | 1897094 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae (strain twar) isolated from two symptom-free children during evaluation for possible sexual assault. | | 1991 | 1919891 |
| atypical pneumonias. clinical diagnosis and empirical treatment. | atypical pathogens play an important role in the pathogenesis of community-acquired pneumonias. early definitive diagnosis is often difficult. careful attention must be given to the patient's history and other diagnostic clues. when a specific pathogen seems very likely to be the cause, appropriate and cost-effective empirical therapy is best accomplished with a single-drug regimen. however, when typical and atypical pathogens are suspected, combination drug therapy is preferred until the diagno ... | 1991 | 1924018 |
| the incidence of chlamydia pneumoniae lower respiratory tract infections among university students in northern california. | chlamydia pneumoniae has recently been identified as a cause of lower respiratory tract infections. from march 1987 to march 1988, 259 university students-151 students with lower respiratory tract infections and 108 controls-from the university of california, berkeley, were studied to determine the incidence and pattern of c pneumoniae lower respiratory tract infections. serologic evidence of a recent c pneumoniae infection was found in less than 2%, and the organism was not isolated from any of ... | 1991 | 1926842 |
| case report: chlamydia pneumoniae pneumonia in an hiv-infected man. | we report a case of an hiv-infected adult with chlamydia pneumoniae. our patient presented with a clinical picture suggestive of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp), but did not respond to empiric anti-pcp therapy. the diagnosis was eventually confirmed by bronchoscopy and serology. c. pneumoniae pneumonia should be considered in the differential of pathogens that cause interstitial infiltrates in hiv-infected persons. | 1991 | 1928225 |
| [detection of antibodies against chlamydia in swine by an immunofluorescent test and an enzyme immunoassay]. | chlamydial igg-antibodies were detected in 130 of 2050 porcine sera (6.3%) using an indirect immunofluorescence assay (ifa). antibody titers varied between 1:8 and 1:16 in 87 sera (67%) and reached titers from 1:32 to 1:128 in 43 sera (33%). an elisa closely related to the ifa-technique was developed, which confirmed the ifa-positive and ifa-negative results in 93% and 86% respectively. a significant higher percentage of positive ifa-titers greater than or equal to 1:32 was obtained from sows wi ... | 1991 | 1930112 |
| gamma interferon-activated human macrophages and toxoplasma gondii, chlamydia psittaci, and leishmania donovani: antimicrobial role of limiting intracellular iron. | iron-saturated transferrin did not reverse the intracellular killing or inhibition of toxoplasma gondii, chlamydia psittaci, or leishmania donovani by gamma interferon-activated human macrophages. deferoxamine, an iron chelator, also did not impair replication within unstimulated macrophages. limiting the availability of intracellular iron is an unlikely mechanism in human macrophage activity against these three diverse pathogens. | 1991 | 1937829 |
| serological diagnosis with the chlamydia spot-if test. | using a set of sera for which full chlamydial micro-immunofluorescence results suggested a clear diagnosis, we have evaluated the chlamydia spot-if test (biomerieux), which allows a comparison of titres to chlamydia trachomatis and c. psittaci antigens. a modification of the test in which the antigen slides were pre-treated with a monoclonal antibody to chlamydial lipopolysaccharide, improved its ability to differentiate infections with c. trachomatis from those with c. psittaci or c. pneumoniae ... | 1991 | 1941995 |
| [meningism as the main symptom of chlamydia psittaci infection]. | | 1991 | 1944716 |
| [bacteriologic studies of the occurrence of chlamydia psittaci in organs of swine and in aborted swine fetuses]. | by inoculation of embryonating chicken eggs via the yolk sac route chlamydia psittaci was grown from 11 lungs of 45 pigs with pneumonia (24.4%). from the lungs of 55 pigs with other diseases the organism was isolated in five cases (9.1%). chlamydiae were not detectable by cultural methods in the uterine mucosa of 87 sows, arthritic joints of 30 store pigs and in aborted fetuses. a commercial available enzyme amplified immunoassay indicated the presence of chlamydial antigen in mucosal scrapings ... | 1991 | 1950250 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae pneumonia with pleural effusion: diagnosis by culture. | a case of chlamydia pneumoniae pneumonia with pleural effusion in an otherwise healthy 19-year-old man is described. diagnosis was made by serologic means as well as by culture of both the nasopharynx and the pleural fluid. | 1991 | 1951390 |
| the antigenic specificity of the humoral immune response to primary and repeated ocular infections of the guinea pig with the gpic agent (chlamydia psittaci). | the antigenic specificity of the humoral immune response in guinea pigs to primary and repeated ocular infections with the guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis (gpic) chlamydial agent was analysed using microbiological, serological and western blotting techniques. the results indicate that although there was a response to many minor polypeptide antigens, there was a marked lack of reactivity to the major outer membrane protein (momp), particularly following reinfection of guinea pigs. it is sugge ... | 1991 | 1955051 |
| atypical pneumonia. | the atypical pneumonia syndrome usually implies a benign illness where systemic complaints predominate over respiratory symptoms. cough is prominent; chest radiographic findings are varied. many organisms are associated with this syndrome. mycoplasma pneumoniae, chlamydia psittaci, chlamydia pneumoniae, coxiella burnetii, and francisella tularensis are reviewed in this article. | 1991 | 1955701 |
| ocular chlamydial zoonosis: an experimental study in monkeys. | two locally isolated strains of chlamydia psittaci from faeces of apparently healthy sheep and conjunctiva of holstein heifers suffering from conjunctivitis and pneumonia were used for ocular experimental studies in 7 rhesus monkeys. titrated (eld50 10(3.6)/0.2 ml and 10(4.5)/0.2 ml) partially purified yolk sac suspension of each strain was instilled onto conjunctiva of each animal. the clinical and laboratory studies were followed till 8 weeks post-infection. both the strains produced trachoma ... | 1991 | 1959319 |
| in-vitro susceptibility of chlamydia pneumoniae (twar) to seven antibiotics. | a modification of an immunofluorescence method previously used to study the in-vitro antimicrobial susceptibilities of chlamydia trachomatis was used to investigate the activity of seven antimicrobials against a strain of c. pneumoniae. our results differed from those obtained by other workers, so we modified our original method and repeated the study. adding antimicrobial to pre-infected cells gave higher mics and mlcs than when cells were infected in the presence of the antimicrobials, and thi ... | 1991 | 1960121 |
| rapid diagnosis of psittacosis. | | 1990 | 1968188 |
| rapid diagnosis of psittacosis. | | 1990 | 1969082 |
| family outbreak of psittacosis. | | 1990 | 1971072 |
| comparison of isolates of chlamydia psittaci of ovine, avian and feline origin by analysis of polypeptide profiles from purified elementary bodies. | the single species chlamydia psittaci is a diverse grouping which contains several different types of chlamydial strain for which there is no generally accepted typing method. the results obtained when profiles of polypeptides from purified elementary bodies are compared are consistent with type designations obtained using other criteria. however, the method still requires large scale culture and extensive purification of the chlamydial cells. | 1991 | 2024446 |
| detection of chlamydia psittaci from avian field samples using the pcr. | | 1991 | 2028566 |
| psittacosis and arthritis. | recent findings justify the opinion that chlamydia psittaci is the reappearance of a forgotten pathogen. the clinical manifestation and the course of psittacosis are extremely variable, whereas the clinical spectrum of the infection with the different strains of c. psittaci is not known. reactive arthritis during the course of psittacosis has been rarely described in humans. however, it has been stated that c. psittaci could be added to the list of infectious agents able to induce reactive arthr ... | 1991 | 2032470 |
| detection of chlamydia psittaci using dna probes and the polymerase chain reaction. | fewer than 10(5) elementary bodies of chlamydia psittaci could be detected by using dna hybridisation with a plasmid probe specific for avian chlamydial strains. pcr amplification of chlamydial dna using primers specific for conserved regions of the major outer membrane protein gene enabled the detection of fewer than 10 elementary bodies. dna could be amplified from 22 of the 24 chlamydial strains tested including avian, feline, ovine, caprine, koala and lymphogranuloma venereum strains. | 1991 | 2037227 |
| [a case of fulminant psittacosis showing chlamydia in tblb specimens]. | a 55-year-old female was admitted to our hospital because of high fever, nonproductive cough and dyspnea. initially she had been treated with cephem antibiotics by a local doctor. however, acute respiratory failure due to severe pneumonia developed. the partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood was 55.5 torr. her chest x-ray revealed wide-spread infiltrates with air bronchograms throughout the entire left lung, and pleural effusions were also present in the chest ct scan. because the patient ... | 1991 | 2041251 |
| sequence analysis and lipid modification of the cysteine-rich envelope proteins of chlamydia psittaci 6bc. | the envelopes of elementary bodies of chlamydia spp. consist largely of disulfide-cross-linked major outer membrane protein (momp) and two cysteine-rich proteins (crps). the momp gene of chlamydia psittaci 6bc has been sequenced previously, and the genes encoding the small and large crps from this strain were cloned and sequenced in this study. the crp genes were found to be tandemly arranged on the chlamydial chromosome but could be independently expressed in escherichia coli. the deduced 87-am ... | 1991 | 2050637 |
| towards a differential polymerase chain reaction test for chlamydia psittaci. | | 1991 | 2053263 |
| hepatitis in a family infected by chlamydia psittaci. | hepatic involvement is considered a rare complication of psittacosis. occurrence of icteric hepatitis as the cardinal manifestation of the disease has been rarely reported. we describe two members of a family infected by psittacosis, in whom icteric hepatitis was the prominent expression of the disease. the diagnosis of psittacosis was confirmed by isolation of the pathogen and by detection of serum antibodies to chlamydia species. no serological evidence for acute twar infection was found. chla ... | 1991 | 2061902 |
| characterization of a murine igg3 monoclonal antibody against chlamydia-specific lipopolysaccharide and its purification by affinity chromatography on igg fc-receptors from streptococcus dysgalactiae. | purification of a murine igg3 monoclonal antibody (mab 22) directed against an epitope of chlamydia-specific lipopolysaccharide by affinity chromatography on recently described solid phase igg fc-receptors from streptococcus dysgalactiae is reported. sds-page studies revealed the purity of the eluted antibody. the purified mab 22 was characterized by determination of class, subclass and light chain-type, and by dot tests and immunoblot analysis. | 1991 | 2063637 |
| [chlamydia isolation from a large aviary for birds of prey]. | antigen against chlamydia psittaci was detected in 31% to 41% of healthy birds of prey (accipitriformes, falconiformes, and strigiformes) by examination of cloacal swabs and faeces out of 119 birds with antigen-elisa and cell culture. chlamydia psittaci-antibodies could be demonstrated in 34% of birds by cf, in 74% by belisa, and in 71% by chlamydia-antibody-elisa (chlamydia-ak-eia). changes of governmental regulations are discussed. | 1990 | 2082626 |
| [seroprevalence of chlamydia psittaci in rural and urban populations of the province of madrid]. | | 1990 | 2089217 |
| chlamydial infection in aborted and stillborn lambs. | chlamydia psittaci is a major cause of ovine abortion in the fourth to fifth months of gestation. during the lambing seasons of 1986, 1987, and 1988, fetuses from 52 cases of ovine abortion, stillbirth, or perinatal death were submitted to the laboratory for necropsy examination. placenta or fetal tissues from 34 cases were cultured on mouse l cells for c. psittaci. chlamydia psittaci was identified by immunofluorescence on cultures in 20 of these cases. the major gross lesion consistently assoc ... | 1990 | 2090268 |
| [psittacosis in childhood: report of 4 cases]. | | 1990 | 2096766 |
| case for diagnosis. necrotizing granulomatous cholangiohepatitis with multifocal caseonecrotic granulomas caused by chlamydia psittaci organisms and a concomitant enteric infection. | | 1990 | 2107470 |
| characterization of the cytochalasin d-resistant (pinocytic) mechanisms of endocytosis utilized by chlamydiae. | the cytochalasin d-resistant (pinocytic) portion of the entry of two chlamydia strains (chlamydia trachomatis l2/434/bu and chlamydia psittaci gpic [guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis]) was examined. by ultrastructural criteria, few organisms of either strain were observed in association with coated host-cell plasma membrane during entry into mccoy cells; this argues against a coated-pit mechanism of entry. when association with a coated membrane was seen, coat material appeared to pinch off ah ... | 1990 | 2119341 |
| zoonotic infections in northern ireland farmers. | evidence of past zoonotic infection was investigated serologically in randomly selected northern ireland farmers. the percentage of farmers with antibody was: brucella abortus (0.7), leptospira interrogans serovars (8.1), borrelia burgdorferi (14.3), toxoplasma gondii (73.5), coxiella burnetii (28.0), chlamydia psittaci (11.1) and hantavirus (1.2). the results show that northern ireland farmers have been exposed in the past to zoonotic infections. it is not known if these infections contributed ... | 1990 | 2123457 |
| [a case having initial onset of bronchial asthma, probably induced by prolonged mycoplasmal infection, accompanied with concurrent highly suspicious chlamydial infection]. | a 37-year-old man who had had no allergic history was admitted to our hospital complaining of high fever, a dry hacking cough and dyspnea. mycoplasma and chlamydia mixed infection was diagnosed because of increased antibody titers to simultaneous mycoplasma pneumoniae and chlamydia psittaci, however only the mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody titer was not decreased during the over six months. one month after the onset, bronchial asthma was diagnosed subsequently from for the clinical symptoms of wh ... | 1990 | 2127423 |
| pathology of experimental chlamydiosis in chicks. | twelve one-day-old chicks were experimentally inoculated with chlamydia psittaci derived from turkeys. acute chlamydial septicemic lesions were induced by the inoculation into the air sac and trachea. no lesions were produced by the esophageal injection. clinically, the affected chicks showed emaciation and mouth breathing, and were inactive while some birds died. grossly, they had hepatomegaly, splenomegaly and airsacculitis. histopathologically, fibrinopurulent airsacculitis, pneumonia and bro ... | 1990 | 2140867 |
| comparison of azithromycin and erythromycin in the treatment of atypical pneumonias. | an open, randomized, multicentre study compared the efficacy and safety of the prototype, azalide, azithromycin, and erythromycin in the treatment of atypical pneumonias. azithromycin was administered for five days at a dosage of 250 mg bd on day 1 and 250 mg once daily on days 2 to 5. erythromycin was given for ten days at 500 mg qid. causative pathogens were identified by serological methods. of 57 patients treated with azithromycin, mycoplasma pneumoniae and chlamydia psittaci were identified ... | 1990 | 2154431 |
| antibody response of the ovine lymph node to experimental infection with an ovine abortion strain of chlamydia psittaci. | after primary infection with chlamydia psittaci in the draining area of the popliteal lymph node, viable organisms could be isolated from the efferent lymph only before the primary immune response developed. the lymph antibody response, as assayed by the complement fixation and immunofluorescence (if) antibody tests, showed a rise in titre that peaked approximately 2 weeks after infection. immunoblotting revealed that antibodies produced during this period were predominantly directed against the ... | 1990 | 2180202 |
| monoclonal antibodies to chlamydia psittaci guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis (gpic) strain. | monoclonal antibodies to a strain of chlamydia psittaci isolated from guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis (gpic) were developed. only five of the 15 hybridomas isolated produced antibodies specific for the gpic strain, while seven others produced antibodies which cross reacted with other strains and another species. strain-specific and species-specific monoclonal antibodies were isotyped as igg2a and igg3, respectively. it appears that the gpic strain has at least two epitopes, one of which is s ... | 1990 | 2186565 |
| [serodiagnosis of chlamydia infection]. | | 1990 | 2192130 |
| psittacosis presenting with erythema-marginatum-like lesions--a case report and a historical review. | a 14-year-old boy with psittacosis who developed skin lesions consistent with erythema marginatum is reported. this association has not been described previously. | 1990 | 2194716 |
| [in vitro sensitivity of chlamydiae to antibiotics]. | the in vitro activity of 11 antibiotics against 16 chlamydia trachomatis strains isolated from genital tract and 2 chlamydia psittaci strains isolated from pulmonary tract. the cmi determination (the lowest dilution of the drug which inhibited the inclusion development when untreated control give 10(3) ifc) was assessed by growth in cycloheximide treated mccoy cells-antibiotics were added after incubation for 2 hours at 37 degrees c. the cmi values for chlamydia trachomatis and chlamydia psittac ... | 1990 | 2195451 |
| pregnancy complicated by severe chlamydia psittaci infection acquired from a goat flock: a case report. | | 1990 | 2198179 |
| chlamydial infection and perinatal mortality in a swine herd. | chlamydia psittaci was believed responsible for an episode of high perinatal death loss in a swine herd in which 8.5 pigs per litter normally were weaned. in this episode, 18 sows produced 186 pigs, with 50 survivors. chlamydia was found in tissue samples, and other bacterial or viral pathogens could not be identified. chlamydia was diagnosed by isolation (elisa), histologic examination using immunoperoxidase staining techniques, and electron microscopy. previously, c psittaci has not been consi ... | 1990 | 2211307 |