| a cryptic species of aphis gossypii (hemiptera: aphididae) complex revealed by genetic divergence and different host plant association. | three cryptic species, aphis gossypii, aphis glycines, and aphis rhamnicola sp. nov., are recognized as sharing buckthorn plant, rhamnus spp. as primary hosts. these aphid species have morphological similarities; however, there are significant genetic differences between the three cryptic species. based on the high level of genetic divergence and the different secondary host association, we described a new species, aphis rhamnicola sp. nov., for apterous and alate vivipara, fundatrix, ovipara, a ... | 2015 | 25413997 |
| the vat locus encodes for a cc-nbs-lrr protein that confers resistance to aphis gossypii infestation and a. gossypii-mediated virus resistance. | aphis gossypii is a polyphagous sucking aphid and a vector for many viruses. in cucumis melo, a dominant locus, vat, confers a high level of resistance to aphis gossypii infestation and to viruses transmitted by this vector. to investigate the mechanism underlying this double resistance, we first genetically dissected the vat locus. we delimited the double resistance to a single gene that encodes for a coiled-coil-nucleotide-binding-site-leucine-rich repeat (cc-nbs-lrr) protein type. to validate ... | 2014 | 25283874 |
| aphid honeydew quality as a food source for parasitoids is maintained in bt cotton. | bt-transgenic cotton has proven to be highly efficient in controlling key lepidopteran pests. one concern with the deployment of bt cotton varieties is the potential proliferation of non-target pests. we previously showed that bt cotton contained lower concentrations of insecticidal terpenoids as a result of reduced caterpillar damage, which benefited the aphid aphis gossypii. it is thus important that non-target herbivores are under biological control in bt cotton fields. the induction or lack ... | 2014 | 25226521 |
| rna interference of odorant-binding protein 2 (obp2) of the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii (glover), resulted in altered electrophysiological responses. | aphis gossypii (glover) (hemiptera: aphididae) is a highly invasive pest that feeds primarily on phloem resulting in severe economic loss to growers. a. gossypii has cosmopolitan distribution with broad host range, polyphenism, parthenogenetic mode of reproduction, vectoring abilities, and host alteration which has profound influence on its management. odorant-binding proteins (obps) in insects are involved in olfaction, playing a key role in orienting the insect for feeding or oviposition. rece ... | 2016 | 26432291 |
| identification of top-down forces regulating cotton aphid population growth in transgenic bt cotton in central china. | the cotton aphid aphis gossypii glover is the main aphid pest in cotton fields in the yangtze river valley cotton-planting zone (yrz) in central china. various natural enemies may attack the cotton aphid in bt cotton fields but no studies have identified potential specific top-down forces that could help manage this pest in the yrz in china. in order to identify possibilities for managing the cotton aphid, we monitored cotton aphid population dynamics and identified the effect of natural enemies ... | 2014 | 25170907 |
| comparative transcriptional analysis of asexual and sexual morphs reveals possible mechanisms in reproductive polyphenism of the cotton aphid. | aphids, the destructive insect pests in the agriculture, horticulture and forestry, are capable of reproducing asexually and sexually upon environmental change. however, the molecular basis of aphid reproductive mode switch remains an enigma. here we report a comparative analysis of differential gene expression profiling among parthenogenetic females, gynoparae and sexual females of the cotton aphid aphis gossypii, using the rna-seq approach with next-generation sequencing platforms, followed by ... | 2014 | 24915491 |
| complete mitochondrial genome of aphis gossypii glover (hemiptera: aphididae). | the complete mitochondrial genome of the cotton-melon aphid, aphis gossypii glover, was sequenced using a combination of high-throughput sequencing, traditional pcr amplification, and sanger sequencing. the genome is 15,869 bp in length, and contains 37 typical coding genes, one non-coding at-rich region, and a repeat region found exclusively in aphids. the base composition of the genome is a (45.4%), t (38.3%), c (10.4%), and g (5.9%). all protein coding genes start with a typical atn initiatio ... | 2016 | 24865902 |
| gene expression profiling in winged and wingless cotton aphids, aphis gossypii (hemiptera: aphididae). | while trade-offs between flight capability and reproduction is a common phenomenon in wing dimorphic insects, the molecular basis is largely unknown. in this study, we examined the transcriptomic differences between winged and wingless morphs of cotton aphids, aphis gossypii, using a tag-based digital gene expression (dge) approach. ultra high-throughput illumina sequencing generated 5.30 and 5.39 million raw tags, respectively, from winged and wingless a. gossypii dge libraries. we identified 1 ... | 2014 | 24644424 |
| quantification of the pirimicarb resistance allele frequency in pooled cotton aphid (aphis gossypii glover) samples by taqman snp genotyping assay. | pesticide resistance monitoring is a crucial part to achieving sustainable integrated pest management (ipm) in agricultural production systems. monitoring of resistance in arthropod populations is initially performed by bioassay, a method that detects a phenotypic response to pesticides. molecular diagnostic assays, offering speed and cost improvements, can be developed when the causative mutation for resistance has been identified. however, improvements to throughput are limited as genotyping m ... | 2014 | 24614533 |
| pathogenicity of conidia-based preparations of entomopathogenic fungi against the greenhouse pest aphids myzus persicae, aphis gossypii, and aulacorthum solani (hemiptera: aphididae). | seeking new isolates of entomopathogenic fungi with greater virulence against greenhouse aphid pests than those currently registered in north america for control of these insects, single-dose screening assays of 44 selected fungal isolates and 4 commercially available strains were conducted against first-instar nymphs of myzus persicae and aphis gossypii. the assays identified a number of beauveria and metarhizium isolates with virulence equal to or greater than that of the commercial strains ag ... | 2014 | 24583227 |
| why the aphid aphis spiraecola is more abundant on clementine tree than aphis gossypii? | aphis spiraecola and aphis gossypii cause harmful damages on clementine tree orchards. weekly surveys measured the abundance of aphids (larvae, winged and wingless adults) as well as of auxiliary insects and parameters of energy metabolism. correlatively, soluble carbohydrates, total free amino acids, free proline and condensed tannins were quantified in control and infested leaves. both aphid species showed parallel temporal variations, but a. spiraecola was consistently more abundant regardles ... | 2014 | 24581807 |
| how does the host-specialized aphid deal with food deficiency? | aphis gossypii glover shows obvious host specialization, with cucurbit- and cotton-specialized biotypes or host races in many regions. because its annual natal host crops senesce earlier the cucurbit-specialized biotype may suffer food deficiency. the method this biotype uses to overcome this challenge is still poorly understood. in order to understand the potential of the cucurbit-specialized biotype aphids in host shift and usage, the performance of this biotype on cotton (gossypium hirsutum), ... | 2014 | 24526656 |
| indirect multi-trophic interactions mediated by induced plant resistance: impact of caterpillar feeding on aphid parasitoids. | cotton produces insecticidal terpenoids that are induced by tissue-feeding herbivores. damage by heliothis virescens caterpillars increases the terpenoid content, which reduces the abundance of aphids. this effect is not evident in bt-transgenic cotton, which is resistant to h. virescens. we determined whether induction of terpenoids by caterpillars influences the host quality of aphis gossypii for the parasitoid lysiphlebus testaceipes and whether this interaction is influenced by bt cotton. th ... | 2014 | 24522627 |
| identification of two acetylcholinesterases in pardosa pseudoannulata and the sensitivity to insecticides. | pardosa pseudoannulata is an important predatory enemy against insect pests, such as rice planthoppers and leafhoppers. in order to understand the insecticide selectivity between p. pseudoannulata and insect pests, two acetylcholinesterase genes, pp-ace1 and pp-ace2, were cloned from this natural enemy. the putative proteins encoded by pp-ace1 and pp-ace2 showed high similarities to insect ache1 (63% to liposcelis entomophila ache1) and ache2 (36% to culex quinquefasciatus ache2) with specific f ... | 2014 | 24463359 |
| insect predators and control of aphis gossypii comparing to certain insecticides under caged-cotton plants conditions. | numerous beneficial arthropods prey on aphid populations in cotton fields. field experiments were conducted at kafr el-sheikh governorate, egypt in seasons of 2010 and 2011 to examine the impact of naturally occurring insect predators on cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover (homoptera: aphididae) comparing to the impact of three insecticides; i.e., diafenthiuron, imidacloprid and thiamethoxam at their recommended rates using caged-plants technique. the toxicity of these insecticides to insect pre ... | 2013 | 24175433 |
| the mitochondrial genome of the russian wheat aphid diuraphis noxia: large repetitive sequences between trne and trnf in aphids. | to characterize aphid mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) features, we sequenced the complete mitogenome of the russian wheat aphid, diuraphis noxia. the 15,784-bp mitogenome with a high a+t content (84.76%) and strong c skew (-0.26) was arranged in the same gene order as that of the ancestral insect. unlike typical insect mitogenomes, d. noxia possessed a large tandem repeat region (644 bp) located between trne and trnf. sequencing partial mitogenome of the cotton aphid (aphis gossypii) further c ... | 2014 | 24095774 |
| [effects of host plants on the life table parameters of experimental populations of aphis gossypii]. | a comparative study was conducted on the life table parameters of aphis gossypii reared on five host plant species at (25 +/- 1) degrees c in laboratory. there existed significant differences in the durations of various developmental stages, adult longevity, mean offspring number per day, net reproductive rate, intrinsic rate of increase, finite rate of increase, mean generation time, and population doubling time for the a. gossypii populations reared on the host plants. for the aphids on lagena ... | 2013 | 24015567 |
| [effects of temperature and density on the mortality and reproduction of cotton aphid aphis gossypii]. | a laboratory cotton leaf disc experiment was conducted to study the effects of different temperature (32, 34, 36, 38, and 40 degrees c) and density (5, 25, 50, and 75 individuals per dish) on the mortality and reproduction of aphis gossypii. with the increase of temperature, density, and culture duration, the cumulative mortality of a. gossypii presented an increasing trend. the parameters estimated by complementary log-log (cll) model showed that the beta value decreased with the increase of de ... | 2013 | 24015547 |
| potential cotton aphid, aphis gossypii, population suppression by arthropod predators in upland cotton. | the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover, predation rate of convergent lady beetle, hippodamia convergens guerin-meneville, was determined by assigning a single predator randomly to each of four prey density treatments in the laboratory. prey densities included 25, 50, 100, and 200 aphids per petri dish arena. predation response was recorded at 1, 4, 8, 16, 24, and 48 h after assigning predators to their prey treatments. rate of consumption increased through time, with all 25 aphids consumed duri ... | 2013 | 23956125 |
| field evaluation of bt cotton crop impact on nontarget pests: cotton aphid and boll weevil. | bt cotton plants expressing cry1ac protein have high specificity for the control of lepidopteran larvae. however, studies conducted in several countries have shown these plants have a differential impact on nontarget herbivores. the aim of this study was to compare the colonization rates and population abundance of the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover (hemiptera: aphididae) and the boll weevil, anthonomus grandis boheman (coleoptera: curculionidae), in plots of bt (nuopal) and non-bt cotton ( ... | 2013 | 23949719 |
| responses of an aphidophagous ladybird beetle, anegleis cardoni, to varying densities of aphis gossypii. | laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the functional and numerical responses of fourth instar larvae, adult male, and adult female ladybird beetles, anegleis cardoni weise (coleoptera: coccinellidae), to different densities of aphids, aphis gossypii glover (hemiptera: aphididae), on the bottle gourd, lagenaria vulgaris seringe (cucurbitales: cucurbitaceae). the results revealed a density dependent, type ii functional response of a. cardoni. prey consumption increased curvilinearly w ... | 2013 | 23901912 |
| host races of the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii, in asexual populations from wild plants of taro and brinjal. | worldwide, several studies have shown that adaptation to different host plants in phytophagous insects can promote speciation. the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover (homoptera: aphididae: aphidini), is a highly polyphagous species, but its populations increase by parthenogenetic reproduction alone in indian subcontinent. this study showed that genotypes living in wild plants of taro, colocasia esculenta var. esculenta (l.) schott (alismatales: araceae), and brinjal, solanum torvum swartz (sola ... | 2013 | 23895554 |
| cotton aphid (heteroptera: aphididae) susceptibility to commercial and experimental insecticides in the southern united states. | cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover, has a history of developing resistance to novel insecticides. a program is needed to monitor cotton aphid susceptibility to new insecticides. concentration-mortality bioassays were conducted from 2008 to 2011 to monitor the susceptibility of cotton aphids from fields across the midsouthern united states to thiamethoxam and sulfoxaflor. flonicamid was included in 2010 and 2011. bioassays followed the procedures described by the insecticide resistance action co ... | 2013 | 23865211 |
| synergistic manipulations of plant and insect defences. | it has been demonstrated previously that cis-jasmone acts as an elicitor of plant defence mechanism(s) by inducing secondary metabolism. it has also been demonstrated that temporal synergism can result in hypersensitive insect pests due to the inhibition of metabolic enzymes. | 2014 | 23653417 |
| formation of stylet sheaths in āere (in air) from eight species of phytophagous hemipterans from six families (suborders: auchenorrhyncha and sternorrhyncha). | stylet sheath formation is a common feature among phytophagous hemipterans. these sheaths are considered essential to promote a successful feeding event. stylet sheath compositions are largely unknown and their mode of solidification remains to be elucidated. this report demonstrates the formation and solidification of in āere (in air) produced stylet sheaths by six hemipteran families: diaphorina citri (psyllidae, asian citrus psyllid), aphis nerii (aphididae, oleander/milkweed aphid), toxopter ... | 2013 | 23638086 |
| special plant species determines diet breadth of phytophagous insects: a study on host plant expansion of the host-specialized aphis gossypii glover. | host specialization is a ubiquitous character of phytophagous insects. the polyphagous population is usually composed of some subpopulations that can use only a few closely related plants. cotton-melon aphids, aphis gossypii glover exhibited strong host specialization, and the cotton- and cucurbits-specialized biotypes had been clearly identified. however, the experimental work that addressed the roles of plant species in determining diet breadth of phytophagous insects is rare. in the present s ... | 2013 | 23580128 |
| evidence of superclones in australian cotton aphid aphis gossypii glover (aphididae: hemiptera). | aphis gossypii is an important pest of cotton that has developed resistance to many chemicals used for its control. any lack of understanding of its genetic structure, resistance status and host plant specialisation hampers effective management. | 2013 | 23292942 |
| development of transgenic cryia(c) + gna cotton plants via pollen tube pathway method confers resistance to helicoverpa armigera and aphis gossypii glover. | elite cotton cultivar sumian16 was transformed with p7rpsbk-mgna-nptii containing bt (cryia(c)), galanthus nivalis agglutinin (gna) resistance genes and selectable marker nptii gene via the pollen tube pathway method and two fertile transgenic bt + gna plants were obtained in the present study. the integration and expression of the bt and gna genes were confirmed by molecular biology techniques and insect bioassays. insect bioassays showed that the transformed plants were highly toxic to bollwor ... | 2013 | 23143495 |
| synthesis and bioactivity study of 2-acylamino-substituted n'-benzylbenzohydrazide derivatives. | the discovery of new safe and effective pesticides is one of the main means of providing eco-friendly agricultural agents for modern crop protection. to identify new biological molecules based of the anthranilic diamide skeleton of the novel pesticide chlorantraniliprole, which acts on the ryanodine receptor and functional groups in acyl hydrazine insect growth regulators, more than 40 new compounds of 2-acylamino-substituted n'-benzylbenzohydrazide derivatives were designed and synthesized. the ... | 2012 | 23088717 |
| within-plant distribution of cotton aphid (hemiptera: aphididae) in cotton cultivars with colored fibers. | we describe the vertical and horizontal distribution of the cotton aphid aphis gossypii glover within a cotton plant in two cotton (gossypium hirsutum linnaeus) cultivars (brs safira and brs rubí) with colored fiber over the time. measurements of aphid population dynamics and distribution in the cotton plants were recorded in intervals of seven days. the number of apterous or alate aphids and their specific locations were recorded, using as a reference point the location of nodes on the mainstem ... | 2012 | 22782536 |
| the joint action of destruxins and botanical insecticides (rotenone, azadirachtin and paeonolum) against the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover. | the joint action of destruxins and three botanical insecticides, rotenone (rot), azadirachtin (aza) and paeonolum (pae) against the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii, was bioassayed. in laboratory experiment, several synergistic groups of destruxins with botanical insecticides were found by means of sun's co-toxicity coefficients (ctc) and finney's synergistic coefficient (sc). the best synergistic effect was discovered in the ratio group des/rot 1/9 with the ctc or sc and lc₅₀ values of 479.93 or 4. ... | 2012 | 22710827 |
| [effects of high temperature on the mortality and fecundity of two co-existing cotton aphid species aphis gossypii glover and acyrthosiphon gossypii mordvilko]. | aphis gossypii and acyrthosiphon gossypii are the coexisting species on cotton plant, with their abundance differed within and among years. to explore whether the abundance difference was related to the different responses of the two aphid species to high temperature, a laboratory experiment was conducted to assess the mortality and reproduction of the two aphid species at high temperatures 32, 34, 36 and 38 degrees c. with the increasing temperature and prolonged exposure period, the cumulative ... | 2012 | 22586979 |
| aphid antixenosis in cotton is activated by the natural plant defence elicitor cis-jasmone. | upon insect herbivory, plants can release blends of volatile organic compounds (vocs) that modify herbivore and natural enemy behaviour. we have shown recently that cotton, gossypium hirsutum, emits a blend of defence vocs that repels the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii, upon herbivory by this notorious crop pest, including (z)-3-hexenyl acetate, (e)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene (dmnt), methyl salicylate and (e,e)-4,8,12-trimethyl-1,3,7,11-tridecatetraene (tmtt). in this study, we investigated cha ... | 2012 | 22516741 |
| the tri-trophic interactions hypothesis: interactive effects of host plant quality, diet breadth and natural enemies on herbivores. | several influential hypotheses in plant-herbivore and herbivore-predator interactions consider the interactive effects of plant quality, herbivore diet breadth, and predation on herbivore performance. yet individually and collectively, these hypotheses fail to address the simultaneous influence of all three factors. here we review existing hypotheses, and propose the tri-trophic interactions (tti) hypothesis to consolidate and integrate their predictions. the tti hypothesis predicts that dietary ... | 2012 | 22509298 |
| extensive ace2 duplication and multiple mutations on ace1 and ace2 are related with high level of organophosphates resistance in aphis gossypii. | aphis gossypii (glover) has been found to possess multiple mutations in the acetylcholinesterase (ache) gene (ace) that might involve target site insensitivity. in vitro functional expression of aches reveals that the resistant ace1 (ace1r) and ace2 (ace2r) were significantly less inhibited by eserine, omethoate, and malaoxon than the susceptible ace1 (ace1s) and ace2 (ace2s). furthermore, in both the mutant and susceptible aches, ace2 was significantly less sensitive to eserine, omethoate, and ... | 2014 | 22489048 |
| what do spring migrants reveal about sex and host selection in the melon aphid? | host plants exert considerable selective pressure on aphids because the plants constitute their feeding, mating and oviposition sites. therefore, host specialisation in aphids evolves through selection of the behavioural and chemical mechanisms of host-plant location and recognition, and through metabolic adaptation to the phloem content of the host plant. how these adaptive traits evolve in an aphid species depends on the complexity of the annual life cycle of that species. the purpose of this ... | 2012 | 22471629 |
| cucumis melo microrna expression profile during aphid herbivory in a resistant and susceptible interaction. | aphis gossypii resistance in melon (cucumis melo) is due to the presence of a single dominant virus aphid transmission (vat) gene belonging to the nucleotide-binding site leucine-rich repeat family of resistance genes. significant transcriptional reprogramming occurs in vat(+) plants during aphid infestation as metabolism shifts to respond to this biotic stress. micrornas (mirnas) are involved in the regulation of many biotic stress responses. the role of mirnas was investigated in response to a ... | 2012 | 22375710 |
| foraging behavior of the coccinellid nephus includens (coleoptera: coccinellidae) in response to aphis gossypii (hemiptera: aphididae) with particular emphasis on larval parasitism. | this study assessed the effect of parasitism of nephus includens (col.: coccinellidae) larvae by homalotylus flaminius (hym.: encyrtidae) on the predation rates of the predator on the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover (hem.: aphididae) by deriving functional responses for second- and fourth-instar predators at prey densities ranging from 10 to 80 aphids per arena. the relationship between the functional and numerical responses of adult females of n. includens also was determined for prey densi ... | 2011 | 22251684 |
| biology and potentiality in biological control of micraspis discolor (fabricius) (coleoptera: coccinellidae). | hosts influence on growth duration and abundance of coccinellid predators. micraspis discolor (fabricius) (coleoptera: coccinellidae) has been well known as both carnivorous and pollinivorous. work was carried out as a series of laboratory-based influence of host species aphis gossypii (clover) (hemiptera: aphididae) and green rice leafhopper, nephotettix sp. (hemiptera: cicadellidae) on m. discolors development and effect of rice growth stage on m. discolor adult preference. for field study, po ... | 2012 | 23885421 |
| effect of reproductive mode on host plant utilization of melon aphid (hemiptera: aphididae). | variation in the reproductive mode of melon aphid aphis gossypii glover occurred on the large geographic scale, but the performance of different reproductive modes to use host plant is poorly understood. life tables of melon aphid population that undergo the anholocyclic, androcyclic, and intermediate reproductive mode were conducted on different host plants. the results showed that the anholocyclic and androcyclic strains could become adults and produce offspring on cotton gossypium hirsutum l. ... | 2010 | 22182553 |
| influence of constant temperatures on life history parameters of the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii, infesting cotton. | laboratory clip-cage studies were conducted to quantify the temperature-dependent development, survivorship, and reproduction and to generate life history characteristics and population growth parameters of the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover, on phenologically standardized greenhouse-grown cottons at 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35 degrees c. the developmental thresholds were estimated to be 6.3, 6.7, 5.9, 5.9, and 6.3 degrees c for first to fourth instars and for total nymphal development, resp ... | 2007 | 17716456 |
| lead optimization and insecticidal activity of analogues of daphneolone isolated from stellera chamaejasme l. | starting from the chemical structure of the botanical aphicides 1,5-diphenyl-1-pentanone and 1,5-diphenyl-2-penten-1-one, extracted from stellera chamaejasme l., the authors designed and synthesized a series of novel compounds following the concept of bioisosterism. their structures were established on the basis of (1)h nmr and gc-ms spectra, and the insecticidal activities of the compounds were evaluated against aphis gossypii glover. the results demonstrated that the substitution of a heterocy ... | 2007 | 17575567 |
| susceptibility of standard clones and european field populations of the green peach aphid, myzus persicae, and the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii (hemiptera: aphididae), to the novel anthranilic diamide insecticide cyantraniliprole. | parthenogenetic clones of the green peach aphid, myzus persicae (sulzer), and the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover, were tested with the anthranilic diamide insecticide cyantraniliprole (i.e. dupont(™) cyazypyr(™) ) in systemic-uptake bioassays to investigate potential for cross-resistance conferred by mechanisms of insecticide resistance to organophosphates, carbamates and pyrethroids and, in the case of m. persicae, reduced sensitivity to neonicotinoids. these data were compared with the re ... | 2012 | 22045565 |
| effect of vermicompost and cucumber cultivar on population growth attributes of the melon aphid (hemiptera: aphididae). | worldwide, the developing industry of cucumbers (cucumis sativus l.) grown in greenhouses is threatened by damage from sucking pests, especially aphids. among these, the melon aphid, aphis gossypii glover (hemiptera: aphididae), is the most serious. we tested the effect of two cucumber cultivars ('royal' and'storm') and three vermicompost concentrations (0 [control], 20, and 30%) in field soil on the development and fecundity rates of a. gossypii, by using a randomized complete block design with ... | 2011 | 21882707 |
| development of controlled release formulations of carbofuran and imidacloprid and their bioefficacy evaluation against aphid, aphis gossypii and leafhopper, amrasca biguttula biguttula ishida on potato crop. | controlled release (cr) formulations of carbofuran and imidacloprid were prepared employing polyvinyl chloride and carboxymethyl cellulose (cmc) and their bioefficacy was evaluated against the aphid, aphis gossypii and leafhopper, amrasca biguttula biguttula ishida on potato crop. the cr formulations of carbofuran and imidacloprid provided better or equal control of the pests than commercial formulations. cmc-based formulation provided a superior control of both the pests. the imida-cmc, which s ... | 2011 | 21806462 |
| within-plant distribution of cotton aphids, aphis gossypii glover (hemiptera: aphididae), in bt and non-bt cotton fields. | knowledge of the vertical and horizontal distribution of aphis gossypii glover (hemiptera: aphididae) on genetically modified cotton plants over time could help optimize decision-making in integrated cotton aphid management programs. therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the vertical and horizontal distribution of a. gossypii in non-transgenic bt cotton and transgenic bt-cotton over time during two cotton seasons by examining plants throughout the seasons. there was no signifi ... | 2012 | 21791143 |
| toxicities and sublethal effects of seven neonicotinoid insecticides on survival, growth and reproduction of imidacloprid-resistant cotton aphid, aphis gossypii. | imidacloprid has been a major neonicotinoid insecticide for controlling aphis gossypii (glover) (homoptera: aphididae) and other piercing-sucking pests. however, the resistance to imidacloprid has been recorded in many target insects. at the same time, cross-resistance of imidacloprid and other insecticides, especially neonicotinoid insecticides, has been detected. | 2011 | 21714058 |
| identification of semiochemicals released by cotton, gossypium hirsutum, upon infestation by the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii. | the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii (homoptera: aphididae), is increasing in importance as a pest worldwide since the introduction of bt-cotton, which controls lepidopteran but not homopteran pests. the chemical ecology of interactions between cotton, gossypium hirsutum (malvaceae), a. gossypii, and the predatory lacewing chrysoperla lucasina (neuroptera: chrysopidae), was investigated with a view to providing new pest management strategies. behavioral tests using a four-arm (pettersson) olfactomet ... | 2011 | 21671083 |
| sequential sampling of aphis gossypii glover (hemiptera: aphididae) and frankliniella schultzei trybom (thysanoptera: thripidae) on cotton crop. | the goal of this research was to use the sequential probability ratio test to establish a sequential sampling plan for aphis gossypii glover and frankliniella schultzei trybom infesting cotton. field work was conducted at the agricultural experimental station of the universidade federal da grande dourados during the 2003/2004 and 2004/2005 agricultural years. aphid colonies and individual thrips in the sampling area were counted and their numbers were recorded. the spatial distribution pattern o ... | 2011 | 21584409 |
| insecticide use and competition shape the genetic diversity of the aphid aphis gossypii in a cotton-growing landscape. | field populations of the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover, are structured into geographically widespread host races. in the cotton-producing regions of west and central africa (wca), two genotypes have been repeatedly detected within the cotton host race, one of which (burk1) is prevalent (>90%) and resistant to several insecticides, as opposed to the second one (ivo). here, we conducted whole plant and field cage experiments to test hypotheses for such low genetic diversity, including select ... | 2011 | 21320362 |
| biological characterization of sulfoxaflor, a novel insecticide. | the commercialization of new insecticides is important for ensuring that multiple effective product choices are available. in particular, new insecticides that exhibit high potency and lack insecticidal cross-resistance are particularly useful in insecticide resistance management (irm) programs. sulfoxaflor possesses these characteristics and is the first compound under development from the novel sulfoxamine class of insecticides. | 2011 | 21308958 |
| predominant effects of host plant species on aphis gossypii aphid and e. pisyrphus balteatus hoverfly in a tritrophic approach. | the aphid aphis gossypii glover (homoptera: aphididae) is known as worldwide important pest. it causes serious injuries to crops, but is also able to feed on various cultivated and wild plants. some programs are developped to control this aphid. in many studies, hoverfy episyrphus balteatus de geer (diptera: syrphidae) is used as an efficient and aphid specific predator in biological control systems. in this work, we study cotton aphid choice plant discrimination, the effect of host plants on it ... | 2011 | 22696952 |
| population growth of aphis gossypii and myzus persicae (hemiptera: aphididae) in the presence of linepithema humile and tapinoma sessile (hymenoptera: formicidae). | invasive ant species can have dramatic impacts on native ants, through direct predation and by usurping common resources. most invasive ants and many native ants use honeydew, produced by phloem-sucking hemipterans. because colonies of invasive ants can become very large after establishment, these ants may facilitate greater hemipteran trophobiont population growth compared with their sympatric native ant counterparts. we examined the population growth of an aphid mutualist, aphis gossypii, and ... | 2010 | 22546444 |
| down-regulated transcriptional level of ace1 combined with mutations in ace1 and ace2 of aphis gossypii are related with omethoate resistance. | the degree of insecticide resistance, acetylcholinesterase (ache) activity kinetics, ache gene expression and the cdna sequence of ache gene were investigated in resistant and relatively susceptible strains of the cotton aphids, aphis gossypii (glover). the resistant strain (orr) exhibited 53.28-fold resistance to omethoate compared to the relatively susceptible strain (oss) in cotton aphids. ache activity, v(max) and k(m) were significantly lower in the orr strain than in the oss strain (0.13-, ... | 2010 | 20692243 |
| remotely sensing arthropod and nutrient stressed plants: a case study with nitrogen and cotton aphid (hemiptera: aphididae). | remote sensing can be used in combination with ground sampling to detect aphid- (aphis gossypii glover) infested cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). changes in wavelengths in the near-infrared (nir) have proven useful for such detection, but these changes can be confused with other factors stressing plants, such as water deficiency and nutrient status. this study was designed to test the utility of this technology to distinguish between two factors stressing plants: nitrogen deficiency and aphids. f ... | 2010 | 22127176 |
| role of leaf glandular trichomes of melon plants in deterrence of aphis gossypii glover. | external characteristics of the leaf epidermis and their effects on behaviour of aphis gossypii glover were evaluated in two cucumis melo l. genotypes, 'bola de oro' (aphid susceptible) and tgr-1551 (aphid resistant) in order to explore their role in the early rejection of tgr-1551 by this aphid. no differential effects of epicuticular waxes on aphid behaviour were observed. the type, distribution and number of trichomes on melon leaves were also studied. pubescence in melon, measured as the num ... | 2010 | 20522187 |
| mapping and validation of qtls for resistance to aphids and whiteflies in melon. | aphis gossypii and bemisia tabaci are severe hemipteran pests of melon crops and breeding for resistance to both insects is required to reduce pesticide use. resistance was evaluated for its effect on behaviour and biotic potential of both hemipterans in a population of recombinant inbred lines (rils) derived from the cross védrantais x pi 161375. insect variability was considered using two a. gossypii clones and two b. tabaci populations. two additive qtls affected the whiteflies. four additive ... | 2010 | 20180095 |
| insecticide resistance traits differ among and within host races in aphis gossypii. | the polyphagous cotton-melon aphid aphis gossypii glover is structured into geographically widespread host races comprising a few clones specialised on cucurbitaceae, cotton, eggplant or pepper. to assess insecticide resistance among and within host races, leaf disc bioassays were conducted on aphid clones collected from cucurbitaceae (genotypes c4 and c9), cotton (genotypes burk and ivo), eggplant (genotype auber) and pepper (genotype psp4). molecular diagnostic (pcr-rflp) and enzyme assays wer ... | 2010 | 19908228 |
| ecological specialization of the aphid aphis gossypii glover on cultivated host plants. | many plant-feeding insect species considered to be polyphagous are in fact composed of genetically differentiated sympatric populations that use different hosts and between which gene flow still exists. we studied the population genetic structure of the cotton-melon aphid aphis gossypii that is considered as one of the most polyphagous aphid species. we used eight microsatellites to analyse the genetic diversity of numerous samples of a. gossypii collected over several years at a large geographi ... | 2009 | 19635073 |
| hypersensitive response to aphis gossypii glover in melon genotypes carrying the vat gene. | aphis gossypii glover causes direct and indirect damage to cucumis melo l. crops. to decrease the harmful effects of this pest, one of the most economically and environmentally acceptable options is to use genetically resistant melon varieties. to date, several sources of resistance carrying the vat gene are used in melon breeding programmes that aim to prevent a. gossypii colonization and the subsequent aphid virus transmission. the results suggest that the resistance conferred by this gene is ... | 2009 | 19474089 |
| carboxylesterase activity, cdna sequence, and gene expression in malathion susceptible and resistant strains of the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii. | levels of insecticide resistance, carboxylesterase activity, carboxylesterase expression, and the cdna sequence of carboxylesterase gene were investigated in malathion resistant and susceptible strains of cotton aphids, aphis gossypii (glover). the resistant strain (mrr) exhibited 80.6-fold resistance to malathion compared to the susceptible strain (mss) in cotton aphids. five substrates, alpha-naphthyl acetate (alpha-na), beta-naphthyl acetate (beta-na), alpha-naphthyl propionate (alpha-npr), a ... | 2009 | 19110065 |
| field-scale roles of density, temperature, nitrogen, and predation on aphid population dynamics. | robust analyses of noisy, stage-structured, irregularly spaced, field-scale data incorporating multiple sources of variability and nonlinear dynamics remain very limited, hindering understanding of how small-scale studies relate to large-scale population dynamics. we used a novel, complementary bayesian and frequentist state-space model analysis to ask how density, temperature, plant nitrogen, and predators affect cotton aphid (aphis gossypii) population dynamics in weekly data from 18 field-yea ... | 2008 | 18409442 |
| interactive effects of elevated co2 and cotton cultivar on tri-trophic interaction of gossypium hirsutum, aphis gossyppii, and propylaea japonica. | information on the effects of enriched co2 on both the chemical composition of plants and the consequences of such changes for performance of a herbivore and its predator is an important first step in understanding the responses of plants and insects to global environmental change. we examined interactions across three trophic levels, cotton, gossypium hirsutum, an aphid herbivore, aphis gossypii glover, and a coccinellid predator, propylaea japonica (thunberg), as affected by elevated co2 conce ... | 2008 | 18348793 |
| genotypic diversity of the cotton-melon aphid aphis gossypii (glover) in tunisia is structured by host plants. | the study of intraspecific variation with respect to host plant utilization in polyphagous insects is crucial for understanding evolutionary patterns of insect-plant interactions. aphis gossypii (glover) is a cosmopolitan and extremely polyphagous aphid species. if host plant species or families constitute selective regimes to these aphids, genetic differentiation and host associated adaptation may occur. in this study, we describe the genetic structure of a. gossypii collected in six localities ... | 2008 | 18257956 |
| [effects of nitrogen fertilization in cotton crop on aphis gossypii glover (hemiptera: aphididae) biology]. | the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glove, is one of the pests of cotton crop and its relation with the host seem to depend on the amount of nitrogen available to the plant. the biology of a. gossypii using different cotton nitrogen fertility regimes was studied under greenhouse conditions, in dourados, ms. a completely randomized design with nine replications in a factorial scheme (2x4x2)+1 was used. two nitrogen sources (sulphate of ammonium and urea), four doses of nitrogen (50, 100, 150 and 200 ... | 2013 | 18060302 |
| temporal synergism can enhance carbamate and neonicotinoid insecticidal activity against resistant crop pests. | piperonyl butoxide (pbo) effectively synergises synthetic pyrethroids, rendering even very resistant insect pests susceptible, provided a temporal element is included between exposure to synergist and insecticide. this concept is now applied to carbamates and neonicotinoids. | 2008 | 17926308 |
| the efficacy of a petroleum spray oil against aphis gossypii glover on cotton. part 2: indirect effects of oil deposits. | the primary mode of action of petroleum spray oils (psos) on pest insects is through direct contact. indirect effects are, however, also possible, and deposits of the oils may influence pest populations by killing insects and/or by influencing their behaviour. the indirect effects of deposits of a new nc24 oil against the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover, were therefore determined. the effects of oil deposits on the acceptance of cotton as host plant by the aphids were assessed, as well as ap ... | 2007 | 17469081 |
| the efficacy of a petroleum spray oil against aphis gossypii glover on cotton. part 1: mortality rates and sources of variation. | petroleum spray oils (psos) kill insect pests on contact, and the composition of modern psos is substantially different from the ones introduced earlier. the effects of direct application of a new nc24 pso on the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover, were therefore determined. this covered not only aphid mortality rates but also the way in which the oils affected aphid behaviour at the time of contact with the oil. direct application of the nc24 oil proved to be highly effective in controlling a. ... | 2007 | 17469079 |
| [effect of the time of inoculation of the cotton vein mosaic virus by aphis gossypii glover (hemiptera: aphididae) on growth and yield of cotton plants]. | aphis gossypii glover is the vector of the cotton vein mosaic virus (cvmv), which causes serious damages to cotton. this work was carried out in a greenhouse at unesp - universidade estadual paulista, in jaboticabal, são paulo state, brazil, to evaluate the effect of inoculation date of the cvmv on growth and yield of cotton plants. cotton plants of cultivar cnpa ita 90 at 20, 27, 34, 41, 48 and 55 days after the emergency (dae) received one wingless viruliferous adult of a. gossypii, which rema ... | 2007 | 17348138 |
| [fitness cost associated with carbosulfan resistance in aphis gossypii glover (hemiptera: aphididae)]. | in order to collect basic information for a resistance management program of aphis gossypii glover to carbosulfan, studies to evaluate fitness costs associated to this resistance were conducted under laboratory conditions. for this purpose, we studied the stability of carbosulfan resistance in a. gossypii populations with differing initial frequencies of resistance and compared life-history traits of carbosulfan-susceptible and resistant strains. the stability of resistance was followed in three ... | 2016 | 17348137 |
| temporal synergism by microencapsulation of piperonyl butoxide and alpha-cypermethrin overcomes insecticide resistance in crop pests. | a microencapsulated formulation that gives a burst release of piperonyl butoxide (pbo) several hours before a burst release of a conventional pyrethroid can effectively overcome metabolic resistance in bemisia tabaci gennadius, helicoverpa armigera (hübner), aphis gossypii glover and myzus persicae sulzer. this increase in efficacy against resistant pests was reflected in a field trial against b. tabaci on cotton, eliminating the need for two treatments. the ratio between the active insecticide ... | 2007 | 17304634 |
| effect of synthetic aphid alarm pheromone (e) -beta-farnesene on development and reproduction of aphis gossypii (homoptera: aphididae). | the synthetic aphid alarm pheromone (e)-beta-farnesene (ebf) is released by aphids in response to predation or other disturbances that occur in the colony. this is presumed to benefit the population by allowing increased survival of related individuals taking successful evasive action after perception of the pheromone. the effect of pheromone perception by aphids in the absence of real threats was investigated to determine the baseline effect of this communication on aphid survival, development, ... | 2006 | 17066793 |
| dispersal strategies of phytophagous insects at a local scale: adaptive potential of aphids in an agricultural environment. | the spread of agriculture greatly modified the selective pressures exerted by plants on phytophagous insects, by providing these insects with a high-level resource, structured in time and space. the life history, behavioural and physiological traits of some insect species may have evolved in response to these changes, allowing them to crowd on crops and to become agricultural pests. dispersal, which is one of these traits, is a key concept in evolutionary biology but has been over-simplified in ... | 2006 | 17014710 |
| [behaviors of propylaea japonica (coleoptera: coccinellidae) in searching and preying cotton aphid aphis gossypii (coleoptera: coccinellidae) in the cotton plant]. | the study showed that the searching activity of p. japonica on cotton aphid aphis gossypii decreased gradually with decreasing aphid density. when enough a. gossypii existed, p. japonica had a preferential searching and preying activity on the top of cotton plant. there was no significant difference in the preying activity of p. japonica at different positions of cotton plant, while the searching activity of the ladybird beetle was significantly lower on cotton m9101 than on cotton zhongmian 13. ... | 2006 | 16706050 |
| sublethal effects of imidacloprid and pymetrozine on the life table parameters of aphis gossypii glover (homoptera: aphididae). | in this study we report the sublethal effects of recommended concentrations of imidacloprid and pymetrozine on cotton aphid's reproduction. fecundity life table parameters for ag were studied on cucumber under conditions of 25+/-1 degrees c, 70+/-5% rh and photoperiod of 16:8 (l:d). leaf discs of cucumber immersed in the recommended concentrations of the above mentioned insecticides and controls and the new born female was released on the lower surface of leaf discs. values of parameters such as ... | 2005 | 16628917 |
| biological control of aphis gossypii on pepper plant using coccinella algerica. | to calibrate biological control in pepper plant against aphis gossypii using coccinella algerica different experimentation were made. the consumption of c. algerica during the larval stage was enumerated in laboratory conditions. the densities (1, 4, 8 larvae/plant) to l2 stage of c. algerica necessarily to decrease aphid's populations were determined in plant pepper and the daily consumption in the pepper plant at the different densities was calculated. the density with 8 larvae at semi natural ... | 2005 | 16628911 |
| morphological discrimination of aphis gossypii (hemiptera: aphididae) populations feeding on compositae. | aphis gossypii glover is a polyphagous aphid pest with a worldwide distribution. however, there is evidence that on a global scale the name a. gossypii is being applied to a number of forms with different life cycles and/or host-plant associations. morphometric variation of a. gossypii samples from crops and non-cultivated plants in many parts of the world was examined, to determine whether this variation is correlated with the hosts from which the aphids originated. samples of a. gossypii were ... | 2006 | 16556336 |
| polymorphisms in a carboxylesterase gene between organophosphate-resistant and -susceptible aphis gossypii (homoptera: aphididae). | resistance to omethoate was suppressible by the hydrolytic enzyme inhibitor sss-tributyl phosphorotrithioate in a laboratory-selected resistant cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover, strain, suggesting the involvement of hydrolytic enzymes in the detoxification process. the kinetic properties of carboxylesterases from both resistant and susceptible cotton aphids were characterized by four acyl ester substrates: alpha-naphthyl acetate (alpha-na), alpha-naphthyl butyrate (alpha-nb), alpha-naphthyl p ... | 2005 | 16156587 |
| antibiosis and antixenosis to aphis gossypii (homoptera: aphididac) in colocasia esculenta. | fifty cultivars of taro, colocasia esculenta (l.) schott (araceae), collected from islands in micronesia and polynesia, eight cultivars from the university of hawaii's taro germplasm collection, and a closely related aroid, xanthosorna sagittifolium (l.) (araceae), were screened for antibiosis and antixenosis to aphis gossypii clover. life history data for a. gossypii were collected by assessing survivorship and fecundity of aphids caged on taro leaves in the field. significant differences in ap ... | 2005 | 16022332 |
| mass harvesting of the entomopathogenic fungus, neozygites fresenii, from natural field epizootics in the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii. | epizootics caused by insect pathogens sometimes occur over wide areas and result in millions of infected insects. naturally infected insects can be considered a natural resource for harvesting insect pathogens. we developed methods to mass harvest the fungal pathogen neozygites fresenii (entomophthorales: neozygitaceae) from epizootics in aphis gossypii (homoptera: aphididae) in a commercial cotton field in arkansas. a total of 30,722 aphids infected with n. fresenii in the mature hyphal body or ... | 2005 | 15955339 |
| impact of melon accessions resistant to aphids on the demographic potential of silverleaf whitefly. | bemisia tabaci (gennadius) and aphis gossypii glover are devastating melon, cucumis melo l., pests. the geographic areas where they occur overlap, and the same chemicals are used to control both of them. therefore, to reduce pesticide use, it would be necessary to breed melon lines that simultaneously express a resistance to both insects. female survival; the time when reproduction starts, peaks, and ends; the number of female offspring at the reproductive peak; and total reproduction (s) were d ... | 2005 | 15889749 |
| a cost of alarm pheromone production in cotton aphids, aphis gossypii. | the sesquiterpene, (e)-beta-farnesene, is used by many aphid species as an alarm pheromone to warn related individuals of predation. disturbed cotton aphids, aphis gossypii glover, released (e)-beta-farnesene into the air as detected by solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (gc-ms). solvent extracts of cotton aphids of various life stages and weights also were analyzed by gc-ms for sums of ions 69 and 93, which discriminated (e)-beta-farnesene from coeluting compou ... | 2005 | 15586262 |
| biochemical evidence that an s431f mutation in acetylcholinesterase-1 of aphis gossypii mediates resistance to pirimicarb and omethoate. | molecular changes in acetylcholinesterase (ache) leading to target-site resistance to carbamate and organophosphate insecticides have recently been identified. of particular interest is the s431f mutation in ace2 and its orthologue ace1 of myzus persicae sulzer and aphis gossypii glover, respectively. this mutation has been correlated with resistance to pirimicarb, but biochemical evidence has not yet been provided. here, we describe for the first time that recombinantly expressed ache1 from a g ... | 2004 | 15532677 |
| effect of cotton cultivar on development and reproduction of aphis gossypii (homoptera: aphididae) and its predator propylaea japonica (coleoptera: coccinellidae). | the effects of three cotton cultivars with low ('zmz13'), medium ('hz401'), and high ('m9101') gossypol contents on the development, reproduction, and survival of aphis gossypii glover and its predator propylaea japonica (thunberg) were investigated. developmental duration and immature survivorship did not vary between aphids on the three cultivars, whereas a. gossypii feeding on m9101 (high gossypol cultivar) displayed significantly shorter adult longevity and lower fecundity than aphids fed on ... | 2004 | 15384338 |
| identification of mutations conferring insecticide-insensitive ache in the cotton-melon aphid, aphis gossypii glover. | we have identified two mutations in the ace1 gene of aphis gossypii that are associated with insensitivity of acetylcholinesterase (ache) to carbamate and organophosphate insecticides. the first of these, s431f (equivalent to f331 in torpedo californica), is associated with insensitivity to the carbamate insecticide pirimicarb in a range of a. gossypii clones. the s431f mutation is also found in the peach-potato aphid, myzus persicae (sulzer), and a rapid rflp diagnostic allows the identificatio ... | 2004 | 15373812 |
| predator-induced transgenerational phenotypic plasticity in the cotton aphid. | transgenerational phenotypic changes, whereby offspring have an altered trait or a distinct alternate phenotype, frequently occur in response to increased maternal predation risk. the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii (glover), is unique, however, as offspring consist of four distinct phenotypes ("normal" light green apterae, "normal" dark green apterae, "dwarf" yellow apterae, and alatae), all with divergent life history patterns and resulting population dynamics. here, we show that increased predat ... | 2005 | 15372226 |
| [geostatistic analysis on spatial patterns of aphis gossypii and erigonidium graminicola]. | the spatial structure and spatial correlativity of aphis gossypii and erigonidium graminicola populations during different periods were investigated by geostatistic methods. the results showed that the semivariogram of a. gossypii appeared as spherical type, indicating its spatial pattern was an aggregated type with a range of 7.33-12.40 cm, while that of e. graminicola was also fitted into spherical model, indicating an aggregated spatial arrangement with a range of 6.47-20.88 cm. the amount an ... | 2004 | 15362632 |
| [repellent effect of volatile oil from whitefly (syngonium podophyllum) on aphids and its chemical constituents]. | the interference effect of volatile oil from whitefly (syngonium podophyllum) on aptera aphid, guard aphid (aphis gossypii), mustard aphid (lipaphis erysimi) and red peach aphid (myzus persicae) was studied by using four arms olfraetometes. the results showed that the volatile oil had distinct repelling effect. the staying periods of test aphids in test areas were obviously shorter than in control areas, and the selecting frequencies were less than the control, too. the volatile oil did not show ... | 2004 | 15320409 |
| cloning and characterization of a gut-specific cathepsin l from the aphid aphis gossypii. | we have characterized proteinase activities in gut extracts from the cotton-melon aphid (aphis gossypii glover), an insect feeding strictly on protein-poor phloem. the major, if not exclusive, intestinal proteinases of this aphid are of the cysteine type. a cdna has been cloned from a gut library and codes for the cysteine proteinase agcatl, a cathepsin l-like cysteine proteinase. the agcatl protein shows high sequence similarity with mammalian and some arthropod cathepsin l-like proteinases, bu ... | 2004 | 15056364 |
| mutations in acetylcholinesterase associated with insecticide resistance in the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover. | two acetylcholinesterase genes, ace1 and ace2, have been fully cloned and sequenced from both organophosphate-resistant and susceptible clones of cotton aphid. comparison of both nucleic acid and deduced amino acid sequences revealed considerable nucleotide polymorphisms. further study found that two mutations occurred consistently in all resistant aphids. the mutation f139l in ace2 corresponding to f115s in drosophila acetylcholinesterase might reduce the enzyme sensitivity and result in insect ... | 2004 | 15041023 |
| characterization of acetylcholinesterases, and their genes, from the hemipteran species myzus persicae (sulzer), aphis gossypii (glover), bemisia tabaci (gennadius) and trialeurodes vaporariorum (westwood). | gene sequences encoding putative acetylcholinesterases have been reported for four hemipteran insect species. although acetylcholinesterase insensitivity occurs in insecticide-resistant populations of each of these species, no mutations were detected in the gene sequences from the resistant insects. this, coupled with a series of experiments using novel reversible inhibitors to compare the biochemical characteristics of acetylcholinesterase from a range of insect species, showed that the cloned ... | 2003 | 14986922 |
| [spatial and temporal niches of aphis gossypii and its predatory enemies]. | the research results showed that aphis gossypii had a narrow temporal niche breadth and a wide spatial niche breadth. this implied that the occurrence of a. gossypii population had the characteristics of obvious peak-period and whole-plant damage. the temporal-dynamic spatial niche breadthes of a. gossypii had no relativity to its own population densities. this implied that the damage of a. gossypii was complicated. among the predatory enemies, erigonidium graminicola and propylaea japonica had ... | 2003 | 12920899 |
| high resistance of field populations of the cotton aphid aphis gossypii glover (homoptera: aphididae) to pyrethroid insecticides in pakistan. | samples of the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover, populations collected from the vicinity of multan in central pakistan from 1997 to 2000 were evaluated for pyrethroid resistance in comparison with a susceptible laboratory colony using a leaf-dip bioassay. resistance to seven pyrethroid insecticides viz. cypermethrin, alphacypermethrin, zetacypermethrin, cyfluthrin, fenpropathrin, bifenthrin, and lambdacyhalothrin was generally very high. however, a. gossypii consistently showed lower resistan ... | 2003 | 12852630 |
| [effect of plant alcohol extracts on vegetable aphids and their parasitoids]. | the repelling and controlling effect of alcohol extracts from 8 common plant species on 3 major vegetable aphids (myzus persicae, aphis gossypii and lipaphis erysimi) were studied in the laboratory, and the effect on their parasitoid was also studied. the results showed that the test 8 plant species had some effects on 3 aphids. the plant alcohol extracts from tephrosia vogelli and cinnamomum camphora had the most effect. the deterrent rate on myzus persicae, aphis gossypii and lipaphis erysimi ... | 2003 | 12827881 |
| host preference by allothrombium pulvinum (acari: trombidiidae) larvae on aphids: macrosiphum rosae, aphis gossypii and hyalopterus amygdali (homoptera: aphididae). | in this study aphid-plant association and its effect on host preference of parasitic allothrombium pulvinum larvae was examined with multiple-choice tests. host species selection, host size selection and superparasitism with mite larvae were studied with two-choice tests. three aphid species were used: macrosiphum rosae, aphis gossypii and hyalopterus amygdali. in multiple-choice tests, larvae of a. pulvinum showed no significant preference for any aphid-plant association when given m. rosae on ... | 2002 | 12797404 |
| efficacy of silwet l-77 against several arthropod pests of table grape. | silwet l-77, an organosilicone surfactant, was applied to several arthropod pests of california table grapes. eggs of grape mealybug, pseudococcus maritimus (ehrhorn), and omnivorous leafroller, platynota stultana walsingham, were tolerant to 0.1, 0.25, and 0.5% treatment solutions; however, eggs of pacific spider mite, tetranychus pacificus mcgregor, were highly susceptible with mortality >99.4% (0.1% silwet l-77). mortality of immature and adult stages of cotton aphid (aphis gossypii glover), ... | 2003 | 12650369 |
| effects of long-term storage at -14 degrees c on the survival of neozygites fresenii (entomophthorales: neozygitaceae) in cotton aphids (homoptera: aphididae). | neozygites fresenii-infected aphis gossypii cadavers, containing dormant hyphal bodies of n. fresenii, were stored in 4 ml glass vials at -14 degrees c in a standard consumer-type refrigerator/freezer for 1, 21, 30, 43, 51, and 68 months to determine the effect of storage on fungal survival. when the cadavers were removed from the freezer and placed in 25+/-1 degrees c, 100% relative humidity, and 12:12 (l:d) conditions, n. fresenii survival, as shown by fungal sporulation from the cadavers, was ... | 2003 | 12623309 |
| european monitoring of resistance to insecticides in myzus persicae and aphis gossypii (hemiptera: aphididae) with special reference to imidacloprid. | the susceptibility to several insecticides of 16 and 8 strains of myzus persicae sulzer and aphis gossypii glover, respectively, received from different european countries in 2001 was investigated. most of the strains were derived from places known for their aphid resistance problems to conventional insecticides before imidacloprid was introduced. in many regions and agronomic cropping systems imidacloprid has been an essential part of aphid control strategies for a decade, and therefore the sus ... | 2003 | 12593682 |
| [study on the physiological activities of the metabolites from paecilomyces arovirens]. | the metabolites of paecilomyces arovirens exhibited insecticidal activities to many inscct pcsts, including cotton aphid, aphis gossypii, hawthorn ispidcr mitc, tetranychus viennensis and larvae of imported cabbage worm, pietis rapae. a comparison was made between the metabolites of p. arovirens and naphthyl acetic acid (naa) in wheat (triticum aestivum) and water melon (cucumis sativus) bioassays on their physiological effects. results demonstrated that some of the metabolites physiological act ... | 1998 | 12549393 |
| two different genes encoding acetylcholinesterase existing in cotton aphid (aphis gossypii). | two acetylcholinesterase (ache) genes, ace1 and ace2, have been cloned from cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover, using the rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) technique. to the best of our knowledge, this should be the first direct molecular evidence that multiple ache genes exist in insects. the ace1 gene was successfully amplified along its full length of 2371 bp. the open reading frame is 2031 bp long and encodes 676 amino acids (genbank accession no. af502082). the ace2 gene was amplifie ... | 2002 | 12502259 |