| [structural organization and features of rickettsia tsutsugamushi interaction with the cell]. | | 1974 | 4217519 |
| [mixed infections caused by prowazek rickettsiae and tsutsugamushi rickettsiae]. | | 1974 | 4218009 |
| [histopathology of tsutsugamushi fever in mice]. | | 1974 | 4218020 |
| [a study of patterns of tsutsugamushi rickettsiae multiplication in different cell systems for the purpose of obtaining antigens for the complement fixation test]. | | 1974 | 4218036 |
| rickettsioses in australia: isolation of rickettsia tsutsugamushi and r. australis from naturally infected arthropods. | | 1974 | 4218386 |
| [on some characteristics of rickettsia tsutsugamushi and on various means of preserving it]. | | 1967 | 4235661 |
| the investigation of scrub typhus in the ussr. | | 1968 | 4239372 |
| [study of the antigenic properties of 3 rickettsia tsutsugamushi strains]. | | 1971 | 4263115 |
| study on complement fixing antigens of rickettsia tsutsugamushi from tissue culture sources. | | 1968 | 4384113 |
| studies on antigenic characteristics of rickettsia tsutsugamushi isolated in the u.s.s.r. | | 1968 | 4384114 |
| cultivation of rickettsia tsutsugamushi in ixodid ticks. | | 1972 | 4401075 |
| transovarial transmission of rickettsia tsutsugamushi in leptotrombidium (leptotrombidium) arenicola traub (acarina: trombiculidae). | | 1972 | 4623054 |
| a serologic survey of military personnel and dogs in thailand and south vietnam for antibodies to arboviruses, rickettsia tsutsugamushi, and pseudomonas pseudomallei. | | 1972 | 4627553 |
| serological survey of scrub typhus on monkeys imported from the southeast pacific area. | | 1972 | 4628034 |
| [study of the antigenic properties of 3 strains of rickettsia tsutsugamushi: precipitating antigens and hemagglutination antigens]. | | 1972 | 4629569 |
| isolation of rickettsia tsutsugamushi from rodents, insectivores, carnivores, and ectoparasites from danang, south vietnam. | | 1972 | 4631507 |
| comparison of the ultrastructure of several rickettsiae, ornithosis virus, and mycoplasma in tissue culture. | anderson, douglas r. (national cancer institute, bethesda, md.), hope e. hopps, michael f. barile, and barbara c. bernheim. comparison of the ultrastructure of several rickettsiae, ornithosis virus, and mycoplasma in tissue culture. j. bacteriol. 90:1387-1404. 1965.-in an effort to make a valid comparison of the ultrastructure of several intracellular parasites, selected agents were propagated under identical conditions in a single type of tissue culture cell; such infected preparations were pro ... | 1965 | 4954556 |
| direct immunofluorescence for typing of tsutsugamushi disease rickettsia. | | 1965 | 4954749 |
| studies on the vector of rickettsia tsutsugamushi infection in thailand. | | 1966 | 4960397 |
| the occurrence of scrub typhus infection in unusual habitats in west pakistan. | | 1967 | 4961993 |
| rickettsiae and rickettsial diseases. | | 1968 | 4965528 |
| production of rickettsial complement-fixing antigens in tissue culture. | | 1968 | 4967047 |
| titration and neutralization of rickettsia tsutsugamushi in tissue culture. | | 1968 | 4967048 |
| a living chemo-vaccine prepared from rickettsia tsutsugamushi. | | 1967 | 4968946 |
| an outline of research history of the tsutsugamushi disease in niigata prefecture of japan. | | 1967 | 4968947 |
| scrub typhus in west pakistan. | | 1967 | 4968948 |
| scrub typhus in india. | | 1967 | 4968949 |
| recent studies of the epidemiology of scrub typhus in north queensland. | | 1967 | 4968950 |
| on the natural focus of scrub typhus in the south of the primorie area of the ussr. | | 1967 | 4968951 |
| physiogeographic distribution of scrub typhus in thailand. | | 1967 | 4968952 |
| epidemiological survey by means of complement fixation test on scrub typhus in japan. | | 1967 | 4968953 |
| complement fixation and direct immunofluorescence for typing of tsutsugamushi disease rickettsia. | | 1967 | 4968954 |
| immunological studies of rickettsia. purification of complement-fixing antigens of rickettsia orientalis by ether extraction. | | 1967 | 4968955 |
| a historical review on the progress in studies of tsutsugamushi in japan. | | 1967 | 4968956 |
| [preservation of rickettsia orientalis in various media and at various temperatures]. | | 1967 | 4970596 |
| [the use of killed corpuscular antigens in the immunoluminescent serodiagnosis of various rickettsioses]. | | 1966 | 4972637 |
| [immunofluorescent studies on the type-specific antigen of the tsutsugamushi disease rickettsia--with special reference to the antigen analysis in infection with several standard strains]. | | 1968 | 4973176 |
| recent advances in electron microscope studies on ultrastructure of rickettsiae. | | 1968 | 4974200 |
| [natural infection of chigger mites with rickettsia tsutsugamushi in the primorsky territory]. | | 1968 | 4975230 |
| antigenic diversity of rickettsia tsutsugamushi: epidemiologic and ecologic significance. | | 1968 | 4975526 |
| [antigenic structure of various strains of rickettsia tsutsugamushi (from experiments with the cross neutralization test)]. | | 1967 | 4977807 |
| [trypsinized antigen from rickettsia tsutsugamushi prepared from chick fibroblast tissue culture]. | | 1969 | 4977813 |
| [growth of the agent of tsutsugamushi fever in tissue culture]. | | 1966 | 4978065 |
| [the use of the luminescent serologic method for detecting natural infection of red-bodied mites with rickettsia tsutsugamushi]. | | 1966 | 4978068 |
| transovarial development of scrub typhus rickettsiae in a colony of vector mites. | | 1969 | 4978468 |
| [various results of a study of tsutsugamushi fever in the primorsk region]. | | 1968 | 4978504 |
| [natural variability of rickettsia tsutsugamushi]. | | 1966 | 4978578 |
| [a serologic study of the antigenic interrelationships among various strains of rickettsia tsutsugamushi]. | | 1969 | 4979158 |
| rickettsial diseases. | | 1969 | 4979335 |
| [principles of differentiating r. tsutsugamushi]. | | 1966 | 4979641 |
| particulate and soluble antigens of rickettsia tsutsugamushi in the complement fixation test. | | 1969 | 4979777 |
| plaque assay for q fever and scrub typhus rickettsiae. | the plaque assay procedure developed for spotted fever and typhus group rickettsiae is also appropriate for scrub typhus and q fever rickettsiae. the plaque titers of suspensions of rickettsia tsutsugamushi and coxiella burnetii compared favorably with end points obtained by titrations in mice. | 1970 | 4989539 |
| [recent results and actual problems in research on rickettsiae]. | | 1970 | 4990719 |
| [antigen preparation from r. tsutsugamushi in tissue culture]. | | 1970 | 4991805 |
| [action of isobornyl-6-dimethyl-3-4-phenol on pathogenic rickettsia]. | | 1969 | 4997165 |
| [rickettsia tsutsugamushi: current studies of the vectors and the antigens]. | | 1971 | 4997680 |
| [cytopathic action of rickettsia (review)]. | | 1971 | 4997982 |
| summary of recent abstracts. vii. rickettsial diseases. | | 1971 | 4998338 |
| observations of the same whole cells infected with rickettsia tsutsugamushi by means of transmission and scanning electron microscopy. | | 1982 | 6085764 |
| effect of immune serum on infectivity of rickettsia tsutsugamushi. | hyperimmune antirickettsial serum was shown to prevent the attachment/penetration stage of rickettsia tsutsugamushi infection of suspended chicken cells. the extent of the inhibition depended on the serum concentration but not on the presence of complement. the neutralizing activity was reduced by prior adsorption of immune serum with staphylococcal protein a or with intact rickettsiae but was not affected by adsorption with target cells. in the neutralization tests, there was no cross-reactivit ... | 1983 | 6137458 |
| from the national institute of allergy and infectious diseases. rickettsiology conference. | | 1980 | 6154107 |
| a plaque reduction assay for studying antigenic relationships among strains of rickettsia tsutsugamushi. | | 1980 | 6159798 |
| antigens of scrub typhus rickettsiae: separation by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and identification by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | antigens of plaque-purified rickettsia tsutsugamushi strains gilliam, karp, and kato were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and were analyzed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. six antigens were identified in each of the three prototype strains; in strain gilliam, these antigens were located in the cell envelope fraction of the organisms. reactivity of these isolated antigens with homologous or heterologous immune sera indicated that different macromole ... | 1981 | 6166557 |
| characterization of rickettsia tsutsugamushi strains in two species of naturally infected, laboratory-reared chiggers. | the strains of rickettsia tsutsugamushi found in naturally infected, laboratory-reared leptotrombidium (leptotrombidium) arenicola and l. (l.) fletcheri chiggers were characterized by direct immunofluorescence (fa) and by mouse and monkey virulence tests. the strains existing in the l. (l.) arenicola chiggers consisted of different combinations of ta716, ta763, ta686, karp, and kato. in addition to these five strains, gilliam was found in the l. (l.) fletcheri chiggers. results indicate that ind ... | 1982 | 6176132 |
| gamma-irradiated scrub typhus immunogens: development of cell-mediated immunity after vaccination of inbred mice. | mice immunized with three injections of gamma-irradiated karp strain of rickettsia tsutsugamushi were evaluated for the presence of cell-mediated immunity by using delayed-type hypersensitivity, antigen-induced lymphocyte proliferation, and antigen-induced lymphokine production. these animals also were evaluated for levels of circulating antibody after immunization as well as for the presence of rickettsemia after intraperitoneal challenge with viable karp rickettsiae. after immunization with ir ... | 1983 | 6185433 |
| development of specific and cross-reactive lymphocyte proliferative responses during chronic immunizing infections with rickettsia tsutsugamushi. | the development of antigen-responsive lymphocytes was followed in mice immunized with the gilliam, karp, or kato strains of rickettsia tsutsugamushi by utilizing an in vitro lymphocyte proliferation assay. subcutaneous immunization with viable rickettsiae of all three strains resulted in the appearance of lymphocytes in the spleen responding to irradiated tissue culture-grown rickettsiae used as stimulating antigens. although all animals demonstrated antigen-induced proliferation elicited by hom ... | 1983 | 6187688 |
| surface morphology of rickettsia tsutsugamushi-infected mouse fibroblasts. | sequential morphological changes of the l-cell surface after infection with rickettsia tsutsugamushi (gilliam strain) have been examined by scanning electron microscopy and ruthenium red staining technique. adherence of inoculated rickettsiae to the host-cell surface and their engulfment by the cell were seen at 30 min and have still proceeded at 24 hr post infection (p.i.). progeny rickettsiae which were lifting up the host cell membrane by budding were observed on the cell surface at 48 hr p.i ... | 1982 | 6188355 |
| role of t-lymphocytes in production of antibody to antigens of rickettsia tsutsugamushi and other rickettsia species. | the requirement of thymus-dependent lymphocytes for antibody production to rickettsia tsutsugamushi, rickettsia akari, rickettsia conorii, and rickettsia typhi was investigated by comparing antibody production in athymic (nu/nu) or thymus-bearing balb/c mice. athymic balb/c mice produced antibody after infection with r. akari, r. conorii, and r. typhi as measured by indirect fluorescent antibody titration or radioimmunoassay. antibody production in these mice was a great or greater than in the t ... | 1983 | 6223883 |
| purification of rickettsia tsutsugamushi by percoll density gradient centrifugation. | purification of rickettsia tsutsugamushi has been achieved by percoll density gradient centrifugation. the microorganisms purified showed good retention of infectivity and intracellular morphology. budding rickettsiae in the egressing stage and intracellular rickettsiae in the multiplying process were harvested separately and purified by this technique. in electron microscopic observations, the intracellular rickettsiae obtained were surrounded with double membrane-layers of cell wall and cell m ... | 1982 | 6287181 |
| role of macrophages in innate and acquired host resistance to experimental scrub typhus infection of inbred mice. | mechanisms of innate resistance to infection with the gilliam strain of rickettsia tsutsugamushi were examined using congenic strains of mice resistant (c3h/rv) or susceptible (c3h/he) to intraperitoneal infection. both strains of mice were resistant to infection with 1,000 50% mouse lethal doses of rickettsiae if given intravenously. in both systems rickettsial replication occurred after intravenous infection, as evidenced by an increase in rickettsial numbers in the spleens of infected animals ... | 1982 | 6290388 |
| production of gamma interferon in mice immune to rickettsia tsutsugamushi. | c3h/he mice immunized by subcutaneous infection with rickettsia tsutsugamushi gilliam were examined for the production of immune interferon after intravenous administration of irradiated strain gilliam antigen, in supernatants of immune lymphocytes stimulated with specific antigen, and after a secondary challenge with viable rickettsiae. mice administered various doses of irradiated whole-organism antigen 28 days after immunization showed circulating levels of interferon which peaked 4 h after i ... | 1984 | 6317573 |
| effect of antibody on entry of rickettsia tsutsugamushi into polymorphonuclear leukocyte cytoplasm. | the effects of rickettsial antibodies on the entry of rickettsia tsutsugamushi, gilliam strain, into guinea pig polymorphonuclear leukocyte cytoplasm were studied by electron microscopy. immunoglobulin g fractions were obtained from four rabbit antisera against: yolk sac-propagated rickettsiae; baby hamster kidney cell (bhk-21)-propagated rickettsiae; formaldehyde-fixed, bhk-21 cell-propagated rickettsiae; and glutaraldehyde-fixed, bhk-21 cell-propagated rickettsiae. a fuzzy coating was observed ... | 1983 | 6403463 |
| growth pattern of rickettsia tsutsugamushi in irradiated l cells. | irradiated l cells infected with rickettsia tsutsugamushi were studied under the electron microscope to define the morphological growth pattern of the organism. for 2 days after inoculation, no rickettsiae were found either extra- or intracellularly; after 2 days multiple rickettsiae appeared within the host cells without morphological evidence of their entry. these observations showed that the rickettsiae within the cell were assembled in situ by segregation of portions of the granular cytoplas ... | 1983 | 6404890 |
| assembly of rickettsia tsutsugamushi progeny in irradiated l cells. | in the assembly of rickettsia tsutsugamushi progeny in irradiated l cells, nascent forms first appear as undemarcated foci in the host cell granular cytoplasm, in which electron-lucent filamentous (f) and electron-dense granular (g) areas differentiate. morphological observations indicated that the assembly involves formation of a filamentous network in the f area, manufacture of rickettsial ribosomes in the g area, and formation of mildly electron-dense fuzzy zones, along which a double membran ... | 1983 | 6404892 |
| development of antibody to rickettsia tsutsugamushi in soldiers in malaysia. | malaysian, british and new zealand soldiers were tested for evidence of infection with rickettsia tsutsugamushi after several weeks' exposure to the infection during field exercises in malaysia. 39 (5.0%) of 787 british and new zealand soldiers developed immunofluorescent antibody (ifa) to r. tsutsugamushi to a titre of 1:50 and two (0.3%) to a titre of 1:100. 11 (1.5%) of 751 malaysian soldiers also developed low titres less than or equal to 1:100. these low antibody levels were not correlated ... | 1983 | 6408770 |
| activation of macrophages for killing of rickettsiae: analysis of macrophage effector function after rickettsial inoculation of inbred mouse strains. | | 1983 | 6408905 |
| parameters of cellular immunity in acute and chronic rickettsia tsutsugamushi infections of inbred mice. | | 1983 | 6408906 |
| penetration of rickettsia tsutsugamushi into cultured mouse fibroblasts (l cells): an electron microscopic observation. | the mechanism of penetration of purified rickettsia tsutsugamushi (gilliam strain) into cultured mouse fibroblasts (l cells) was examined by electron microscopy. after 10-40 min of infection, rickettsiae in the process of being phagocytized were often seen on the cell surface. these were restricted to the rickettsiae which seemed to be intact in morphology, while heavy plasmolyzed ones were never phagocytized. additionally, rickettsiae were taken up individually into a phagosome, and phagocytosi ... | 1983 | 6410159 |
| diagnostic criteria for scrub typhus: probability values for immunofluorescent antibody and proteus oxk agglutinin titers. | the sensitivities and specificities of the indirect microimmunofluorescent antibody (ifa) and weil-felix (oxk) tests for scrub typhus were established for a range of titers using groups of diseased and control (other febrile illnesses) patients diagnosed by other methods. at a cut-off point of greater than or equal to 1:400, the ifa test was 0.96 specific, and at greater than or equal to 1:320, the oxk was 0.97 specific. using either these highly specific levels of antibody or other rigorous dia ... | 1983 | 6414321 |
| association of an inflammatory i region-associated antigen-positive macrophage influx and genetic resistance of inbred mice to rickettsia tsutsugamushi. | strains of c3h mice differing in susceptibility to intraperitoneal infection with the gilliam strain of rickettsia tsutsugamushi were used to investigate the role of the i region-associated (ia) antigen-bearing macrophage in the genetic resistance of mice to this organism. resistant mice (c3h/rv) were found to produce a quantitatively greater ia antigen-positive macrophage response after infection compared to mice (c3h/hedub) which underwent a lethal infection. the macrophage influx produced in ... | 1983 | 6417017 |
| observations on the ultrastructure and distribution of rickettsia tsutsugamushi in naturally infected leptotrombidium (leptotrombidium) arenicola (acari: trombiculidae). | | 1984 | 6420571 |
| lack of transplacental infection with scrub typhus organisms in laboratory mice. | female mice were inoculated with either a virulent or avirulent strain of rickettsia tsutsugamushi before (1 month and 1 week) or after (approximately 10 days) impregnation. from each group, two pregnant mothers were killed on day 20 post-impregnation, and fetuses and placentas were examined for rickettsiae. organisms were isolated from 80% of placentas but not from the fetuses. immediately following parturition, litters from 50% of the infected mothers were exchanged with litters from uninfecte ... | 1984 | 6424486 |
| rickettsial diseases of the far east: new perspectives. | the rickettsial disease of man found only in asia is mite-borne (scrub) typhus, caused by rickettsia tsutsugamushi. unique to southern japan is a little-known human mononucleosis-like disease caused by rickettsia sennetsu. in 1981 and 1982, there was a remarkable resurgence in the number of reported cases of mite-borne typhus in japan after some years of virtual absence. recent studies of r sennetsu have resulted in its reclassification to the genus ehrlichia, members of which until now have bee ... | 1984 | 6425420 |
| [tsutsugamushi disease--on the recent multiple incidences of a new type]. | | 1984 | 6433079 |
| gamma interferon production in response to homologous and heterologous strain antigens in mice chronically infected with rickettsia tsutsugamushi. | the ability of antigen-responsive, thymus-derived lymphocytes to produce immune (gamma) interferon was investigated during the development and expression of cellular immunity to rickettsia tsutsugamushi. c3h/hedub mice infected subcutaneously with the gilliam strain developed the ability to produce serum interferon in response to intravenously inoculated antigen which correlated with the development of resistance to intraperitoneal rechallenge. antigen-responsive lymphocytes, measured by interfe ... | 1984 | 6434427 |
| isolation of rickettsia tsutsugamushi antigenically different from kato, karp, and gilliam strains from patients. | rickettsia tsutsugamushi strains from three recent patients of tsutsugamushi disease in niigata prefecture were isolated primarily in mice and then in l cell cultures. by this procedure, low virulent strains to mice, as well as high virulent ones, could be isolated and cultivated serially in l cell cultures, suggesting the usefulness of l cells for isolation of this species of rickettsia. each newly isolated strain was identified as a member of r. tsutsugamushi from the results of cross immunolo ... | 1984 | 6438448 |
| [use of the low virulent strain antigens in serological diagnosis of tsutsugamushi disease]. | | 1984 | 6439785 |
| [immunological studies of rickettsial infection--experimental rickettsia tsutsugamushi infection in nude mice]. | | 1984 | 6439791 |
| electron microscopic studies on intracellular multiplication of rickettsia tsutsugamushi in l cells. | the mechanism and kinetics of intracellular growth of rickettsia tsutsugamushi were investigated by electron microscopic observations, parallel with quantitative analysis by counting the rickettsiae seen in electron micrographs and by plaque assay for infectivity of the culture. the observations demonstrated the existence of electron-less dense and -dense types of rickettsiae in the early stage of infection, binary fission and the process of release of the microorganisms in the host cell cytopla ... | 1984 | 6441107 |
| scrub typhus and chiggers in northern thailand. | it was reconfirmed that l. deliense was the most dominant chigger during the rainy season in northern thailand. overall prevalence of igg antibody against r. tsutsugamushi among the rural villagers in the northern most part of thailand was nearly 60% at the level over 1 : 10 by an indirect immunofluorescent test. the level of igg and igm antibody titers was considerably high as greater than or equal to 1 : 2560 in some sera, but did not markedly vary by age groups or sexes. based on detection of ... | 1984 | 6441267 |
| [epidemiology of tsutsugamushi disease in hokuriku district, japan. 1. prevalence of antibody to rickettsia tsutsugamushi]. | | 1984 | 6442722 |
| [use of the rickettsia tsutsugamushi tissue culture antigen in serological investigation]. | | 1984 | 6443072 |
| gamma-irradiated scrub typhus immunogens: analysis for residual, replicating rickettsiae. | scrub typhus immunogens that received inadequate gamma radiation contained residual, viable rickettsiae. the presence of these organisms in the host was masked by the rapid immune response elicited by the large number of inactivated rickettsiae. transfer of homogenized spleen cells from immunized mice to normal syngeneic recipients provided a sensitive technique for the detection of these viable, replicating organisms. | 1980 | 6769819 |
| the longevity of antibody to rickettsia tsutsugamushi in patients with confirmed scrub typhus. | serological surveillance for up to two years of 114 patients with laboratory confirmed scrub typhus showed that antibody to rickettsia tsutsugamushi as demonstrated by the indirect fluorescent antibody test is short-lived. the mean reversion time from mean peak titre (1:499) was 48.9 weeks and the calculated annual reversion rate to a titre less than 1:50 was 61%. this can be used to estimate attack rates based on point prevalence of antibody. the relationship between antibody prevalence and att ... | 1980 | 6770503 |
| [shichito fever in izu shichito islands. 1. outbreak of shichito fever and isolation of r. tsutsugamushi from a patient, field rodents and trombiculid mites (author's transl)]. | | 1980 | 6772713 |
| [shichito fever in izu shichito islands. 2. isolation of an avirulent strain of r. tsutsugamushi and its characteristic (author's transl)]. | | 1980 | 6772714 |
| murine rickettsiosis along the western ghats of maharashtra state, india. | | 1980 | 6773884 |
| host defenses in experimental scrub typhus: mapping the gene that controls natural resistance in mice. | natural resistance of mice to lethal ifections of rickettsia tsutsugamushi, strain gilliam, is controlled by a single, autosomal, dominant gene, which we have designated ric, with r and s representing the resistant nd susceptible alleles, respectively. using three sets of recombinant inbred mouse strains (bxd, bxh, and bxj), the ric locus was mapped to chromosome 5 closely linked to the retinal degeneration (rd) locus. this linkage was confirmed by a backcross analysis. based on the ri strains a ... | 1980 | 6774020 |
| new paper enzyme-linked immunosorbent technique compared with microimmunofluorescence for detection of human serum antibodies to rickettsia tsutsugamushi. | a new paper enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed for the screening and titration of human serum antibodies against the scrub typhus rickettsia, rickettsia tsutsugamushi. the objective [corrected] was to provide a relatively simple method for antibody screening which required neither sophisticated laboratory equipment nor a high degree of technological skill. the technique develops an enzyme product from filter paper saturated with a 5-aminosalicylic acid substrate and enzymatically re ... | 1980 | 6776137 |
| localization of electron-dense tracers during entry of rickettsia tsutsugamushi into polymorphonuclear leukocytes. | the invasion of rickettsia tsutsugamushi, gilliam strain, into guinea pig polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmns) and the localization and distribution of tracers were followed during the process by electron microscopy. the seven tracers used were: cationized ferritin, ferritin, thorium dioxide (tho2), carbon particles, latex spheres, paraffin oil, and escherichia coli. these markers were added to the incubation medium containing the pmns before or simultaneously with r. tsutsugamushi-infected bhk-2 ... | 1980 | 6777300 |