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promotion and regression of atherosclerosis in vervet monkeys by diets realistic for westernized people.we have described and measured aortic and arterial atherosclerosis in adult female vervet monkeys (n = 61) after application of dietary treatments for 47 months. the diets were compounded entirely of normal food items for westernized people, with no extra cholesterol added. a 'western' diet (wd), known to induce hypercholesterolaemia, was found to be atherogenic in aortas and some arteries. a more 'prudent' diet (pd) induced much less lipid infiltration into aortic intimas and was not associated ...19873632759
prolongation of cardiac xenograft (vervet monkey to baboon) function by a combination of total lymphoid irradiation and immunosuppressive drug therapy. 19873321599
the effect of breakfast on social behavior and brain amine metabolism in vervet monkeys.two groups of vervet monkeys were fed, on alternate days, either before or after a morning observation period. this enabled us to determine changes in behavior when the animals were fed a nutritionally balanced breakfast of monkey chow. feeding did not alter the proportion of behaviors that were social or non-social, but had a marked effect on individual behaviors. feeding increased active behaviors among the adult animals except for the vervets who were lowest in the social hierarchy in each ca ...19883353416
the acoustic features of vervet monkey alarm calls.vervet monkeys routinely produce semantic alarm calls upon detection of various predators encountered in their natural environment. two of these calls, snake and eagle alarms, were analyzed using digital signal processing techniques in order to identify potentially distinctive acoustic cues. distinctive cues were sought in the periodicity of the source waveform associated with each call type, the probable vocal tract filtering functions, and in temporal patterning. results were equivocal with re ...19883403806
hepatic estrogen-binding proteins in male and female vervet monkeys.hepatic cytosols from male and female vervet monkeys (cercopithecus pygerythrus) were found to contain the same levels of high affinity estrogen-binding proteins. multipoint saturation analyses revealed that male liver cytosols contain two distinctly different binding components: a high affinity (haeb) and a low affinity estrogen binder (laeb). female livers appeared to contain only the haeb. sucrose density gradient (sdg) analyses, however, clearly established the presence of a 3.8 s as well as ...19883419161
comparison of ketamine, physical restraint, halothane and pentobarbital: lack of influence on serotonergic measures in monkeys and rats.the consequences of the use of ketamine for immobilization have been examined on the concentration of whole blood serotonin, concentrations of neurotransmitters and metabolites in csf and brain, and specific binding of ligands related to neurotransmitters in brain. vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops sabaeus) were examined under conditions which compared ketamine with physical restraint and with halothane. it was found that ketamine, used acutely in monkeys for restraint, had no influence on ...19873431664
the effect of raising or lowering tryptophan levels on aggression in vervet monkeys.social groups of vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops) were given amino acid mixtures that were tryptophan-free (t-), nutritionally balanced (b), or contained excess tryptophan (t+). the t- mixture caused a marked decrease in plasma tryptophan and the t+ mixture a large increase. behavioral observations were made on the animals after administration of the amino acid mixtures both during spontaneous activity and while the (fasted) animals were competing for food newly placed in the feeder. the ...19873432316
a histometric/scanning electron microscope study of normal and loaded oral epithelium of the vervet monkey.to investigate the functional significance of the epithelial cell surface features found in oral mucosa, a histometric analysis of the pits, microvilli and microplications was carried out in normal and mechanically loaded attached gingiva and alveolar mucosa of the vervet monkey throughout the full thickness of the epithelium. an electronic image analysing system and point counting methods were used to obtain the necessary data from micrographs of tissue specimens viewed in the scanning electron ...19873446668
the histology and carbohydrate histochemistry of the lingual glands in vervet monkeys.the lingual salivary glands of the vervet monkey were examined for the first time to establish their histological appearance and mucosubstance histochemistry. sero-mucous and mucous glands are present. the mucin content of the serous glands is a neutral mucin, that of the mucus glands a carboxylated or sulphated sialomucin. the reason for the variation between cells was not established. anterior lingual glands were not detected in any of the tongues examined.19863468111
toward a theory for the evolution of cultural communication: coevolution of signal transmission and reception.a haploid sexual two-locus model of gene-culture coevolution is examined, in which a dichotomous phenotype subject to natural selection is transmitted vertically with probabilities dependent on the chosen parent's genotype and phenotype and the offspring's genotype. stability conditions for the genetically monomorphic corner equilibria are obtained. in a specialization of this general model, one locus controls the transmission and the other controls the reception of adaptive information. the cor ...19873478689
the influence of diet and dimethylhydrazine on the large intestine of vervet monkeys: scanning and transmission electron microscope studies.the study was designed to identify diet and carcinogen-dependent ultrastructural changes in the epithelium of macroscopically normal colonic mucosa in primates. seventy adult female vervet monkeys were divided into seven equal treatment groups. four received a western high-fat low fibre diet (wd), two a prudent low-fat higher fibre diet (pd) and one a control low-fat high fibre diet (cd). three groups (2 wd, 1 pd) received dimethylhydrazine intramuscularly at 14 day intervals. after 18 months, m ...19873620336
vervet monkey (cercopithecus aethiops sabaeus) whole blood serotonin level is determined by platelet uptake sites.whole blood serotonin levels in adult male vervet monkeys living in social groups are sensitive to the animals' social environment. the mechanisms that translate different behavioral and environmental cues into altered whole blood serotonin levels are unknown. in this study, we have measured platelet number, size, serotonin content, and serotonin uptake, as well as the serum concentrations of tryptophan, mg+2 and ca+2. results showed that whole blood serotonin levels, platelet serotonin content, ...19873626771
diets realistic for westernized people significantly effect lipoproteins, calcium, zinc, vitamins c, e, b6 and haematology in vervet monkeys.this report describes measurements of 50 variables in adult, female, reproductively inactive vervet monkeys during prolonged nutrition realistic for westernized people. dietary treatments consisted of an atherogenic western diet (wd) and a prudent western diet (pd). ingredients were normal foods for man and no extra cholesterol was added. fortification of both diets with vitamin c after cooking was necessary to prevent deficiency. randomised groups of vervet monkeys received either the pd or wd ...19873632758
decalcification end point determination by x-rays and flame photometry to obtain superior quality pulpal sections.radiography and flame photometry have been compared as means of determining the end point of decalcification in relation to minimizing pulp-dentin separation in histological sections of teeth. eighteen homologous pairs of vervet monkey incisor teeth were decalcified in a formic-citric acid mixture. at 24 hr intervals decalcification was monitored in half of the teeth by radiography and in the other half by flame photometry. when decalcification was complete as determined by the respective method ...19873307028
genital signalling and the coexistence of male vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops pygerythrus).to ascertain the social significance of male genital colouration two troops of vervets, one free-ranging and one caged, were observed. it was found that genital signals were associated with intermale agonism. it is suggested that this communicatory system regulates the behaviour of competitors and may thereby have facilitated the evolution of a multimale social system.19853833622
isobutyl cyanoacrylate: a clinical and histologic comparison with sutures in closing mucosal incisions in monkeys.bilateral vertical incisions were made in the maxillary and mandibular labial mucosa of eight young green vervet monkeys. incisions were closed with either interrupted 4-0 black silk sutures or by the application of isobutyl cyanoacrylate. mucosal specimens containing the incisions were examined histologically and scored for degree of inflammation at 1, 3, 10, and 20 weeks. the results showed that cyanoacrylate and sutures did not produce similar inflammatory responses.19853856209
dominant social status facilitates the behavioral effects of serotonergic agonists.the effects of dominance rank on the behavioral responses to drugs that enhance central serotonergic function were examined in 45 adult male vervet monkeys living in 15 stable social groups. each group contained 3 adult males, 3 adult females, and their immature offspring. dominance rank was assessed by measuring success in intermale agonistic encounters. in every group one male was clearly the dominant, or alpha male, and the other two males were subordinate. males from 5 groups received 3 dose ...19853878181
similarity of 5-ht2 receptor sites in dominant and subordinate vervet monkeys.pharmacological studies using serotonergic agents have revealed status-linked behavioral effects in dominant and subordinate vervet monkeys. a possible explanation for the greater drug response observed in dominant animals is that there is a cns difference between dominant and subordinate animals. such differences could exist at the level of serotonin receptor sites, membrane responsiveness, or interaction with other neurotransmitters. we have examined the specific 3h-ketanserin binding in vario ...19873659094
circadian rhythm of hmg-coa reductase and insulin in african green monkeys.hmg-coa reductase in hepatic microsomes and serum insulin display circadian rhythm in two strains of cercopethicus aethiops. grivets develop higher levels of serum cholesterol than vervets fed cholesterol. males (n = 20/gp) were adapted to a light cycle (7:30 a.m.-8:30 p.m.) for 60 days and fed a non-cholesterol diet at 8:30 a.m. and 2:00 p.m. vervet acrophase, reductase activity was synchronized to serum insulin units with a specific activity of 1480 pmol/min/mg protein changing by 7.5-fold fro ...19853888223
proliferative activity of vervet monkey bone marrow-derived adherent cells.vervet monkey bone marrow-derived adherent cell population cultured in fischer's medium supplemented with 12.5% fetal calf serum and 12.5% horse serum consists of two cell shapes: fusiform (type i) and polygonal (type ii). limiting-dilution cloning of the cells suggested that the two morphologically distinct cell types belong to the same cellular system even though they differ in their proliferative capabilities. the labeling index of type ii cells, as measured by autoradiography, was found to b ...19873666073
the pulpal response to dilute citric acid smear removers.the aim of this study was to determine the pulpal response to three dilute citric acid smear removers. forty-eight vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops pygerythrus), in three groups of sixteen animals provided 384 tooth specimens for the histological evaluation of the pulpal response at 3, 31, and 59 days post-operatively. labial class v cavities were prepared in the maxillary and mandibular incisor teeth. the pulpal responses elicited by 1% aqueous citric acid, 1% citric acid in 30% ethanol a ...19853891932
leishmania major: the suitability of east african nonhuman primates as animal models for cutaneous leishmaniasis.the susceptibility of four species of east african nonhuman primates to experimental infection with leishmania major was investigated. four syke's monkeys (cercopithecus mitis), two vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops), two baboons (papio cynocephalus), and two brown bushbabies (galago garnettii) were each inoculated intradermally on the left eyelid, left ear, and nose with 0.1 ml of medium containing 1 x 10(7) promastigotes of a characterized l. major strain. all the nonhuman primates except ...19873678449
immunopathological aspects of trypanosomal meningoencephalitis in vervet monkeys after relapse following berenil treatment.four quarantined vervet monkeys were treated with intramuscular berenil in patent cns infection after experimental trypanosome inoculation with trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense or t. brucei brucei. all four animals relapsed in the post-therapeutic survival time of 37 to 209 days when they had fully developed meningoencephalitis in histological sections with the presence of interstitial intracerebral trypanosomes, which were confirmed in two monkeys by electron microscopy. in both, sequential sampl ...19854082265
segmental variations in the elastic fiber content of the lateral costotransverse ligaments in the vervet monkey (cercopithecus pygerythrus aethiops).the segmental and zonal variations in the quantitative relationships between elastic and collagen fibers within the lateral costotransverse ligaments have been investigated in the vervet monkey. the lateral costotransverse ligaments of the caudal segments have a largely elastic structure in contrast to those of the cranial segments, which are characteristically collagenous. in the transitional zone extending from the 4th through to the 6th costotransverse joints, the lateral costotransverse liga ...19873688468
seasonal variation of serum lipids in the vervet monkey.seasonal variation of serum lipids has been observed in man, primates and other species. we are presenting data on serum lipid variation in vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops). the monkeys (54 males, 33 females) were fed control diets (commercial pellets, fruit, vegetables) and data were pooled and grouped by season. data having been obtained in south africa, the seasons were: summer (december, january, february); fall (march, april, may); winter (june, july, august); and spring (september, ...19873689478
fatal human disease from vervet monkeys. 19674168558
structure of the vervet-monkey-disease agent. 19684172689
culture of vervet-monkey-disease agent. 19684174181
immunofluorescent study of the vervet monkey disease agent. 19684176163
the chronic toxicity of retrorsine, a pyrrolizidine alkaloid, in vervet monkeys. 19724197507
urinary excretion of the mycotoxin, sterigmatocystin by vervet monkeys. 19734203639
lipid levels in serum, liver and aorta of the vervet monkey. 19734203716
surface ultrastructure of the mucosa of the soft palate in the vervet monkey. 19724204104
alteration of high density lipoprotein subfraction distribution with induction of serum amyloid a protein (saa) in the nonhuman primate.overnight chair restraint results in a dramatic increase in serum amyloid a protein (aposaa) of nonhuman primate high density lipoprotein (hdl). to determine whether aposaa induction resulted in a displacement of indigenous hdl protein or a change in the subfraction distribution of hdl, we analyzed the characteristics of hdl subfractions in eight vervet monkeys before and 24 hr after aposaa induction. blood was taken from each animal before and after chair restraint to induce aposaa. hdl was iso ...19853919135
the abo blood groups in vervet monkeys (cercopithecus pygerythrus f. cuvier). 19734207406
the indirect immunoenzyme test for the detection of antibodies against north american borreliae. i. technic and results with sera of vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops). 19744208886
disruption of social behaviour of vervet monkeys (cercopithecus) by low doses of amphetamines. 19734211930
effects of stress on the results of glucose tolerance tests performed on vervet monkeys (cercopithecus pygerythrus f. cuvier). 19734211974
the secretion of a,b,h and lewis blood group substances in the gastric juice and saliva of chacma baboons (papio ursinus, kerr) and vervet monkeys (cercopithecus pygerythrus, cuvier. 19744214359
hypercholesterolaemia and atherosclerosis induced in vervet monkeys by cholesterol-free, semisynthetic diets. 19744215163
an anatomical study of the pineal body of the vervet monkey (cercopithecus aethiops). 19744216961
a histochemical study of the pineal body of the vervet monkey (cercopithecus aethiops). 19744216962
the presence of capillaria hepatica (bancroft, 1893) travassos, 1915 in a vervet monkey cercopithecus aethiops. 19744217471
3-hydroxyaflatoxin b1: a new metabolite of in vitro aflatoxin b1 metabolism by vervet monkey (cercopithecus aethiops) liver. 19744218848
the functional occlusion of the teeth of the vervet monkey. 19744220159
reproduction in the vervet monkey (cercopithecus aethiops): endometrial oestrogen and progestin receptor dynamics during normal and prolonged menstrual cycles.sixteen individually caged adult female vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops), whose reproductive parameters had been studied for 5 years, were hysterectomized/ovariectomized during three reproductive states; i.e. the late follicular (15.4 +/- 4.7 (s.d.) days) and luteal (27.8 +/- 4.7 days) phases of the normal cycle (20-50 days), and during prolonged intermenstrual intervals (pii; 99.0 +/- 2.5 days since the previous menses). these latter animals showed characteristics of both follicular and ...19863760741
precipitated diazepam withdrawal elevates noradrenergic metabolism in primate brain.following treatment for seven days with diazepam (2.0 mg/kg i.m., b.i.d.), administration of the benzodiazepine receptor antagonist ro 15-1788 (5 mg/kg) induced a severe withdrawal syndrome in vervet monkeys which included tremors, vomiting, vocalizations, chewing, and piloerection. brain concentrations of the noradrenergic metabolite 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (mhpg) were significantly higher in the precipitated withdrawal group than in the diazepam plus vehicle control group. administrati ...19853920054
induced upper respiratory infection in the vervet monkey: a model of acute viral respiratory disease in man. 19664286253
cimulative hemagglutination by mycoplasma pneumoniae and other agglutinins.john, t. jacob (university of colorado school of medicine, denver), marlene stahl, and vincent a. fulginiti. cumulative hemagglutination by mycoplasma pneumoniae and other agglutinins. j. bacteriol. 92:1002-1004. 1966.-the phenomenon of cumulative hemagglutination, or hemagglutination by two agglutinins, each in subagglutinating concentration, was demonstrated by use of four different systems, namely, horse serum and mycoplasma pneumoniae, horse serum and measles antigen, m. pneumoniae and measl ...19664288795
a virus disease of captive vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops) caused by a new herpesvirus. 19674301195
rhinovirus infection of vervet monkeys. a model of human rhinovirus disease. 19694310539
biological characteristics of cell line gl-v3 derived from the kidney of a vervet monkey (cercopithecus aethiops). 19704318075
some clinical and microbiological findings in vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops pygerythrus). 19714332159
a study of the ultrastructure of the small iris vessels in the vervet monkey (ceropithecus aethiops). 19724332349
further studies on induced respiratory viral infection of vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops). 19724338139
the vervet monkey (cercopithecus aethiops) as an experimental model for pulpal studies. 19734513208
experimental schistosoma haematobium infection in vervet monkeys (ceropithecus aethiops centralis). 19724623245
experimental schistosoma mansoni infections in vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops centralis). 19724623246
a blood-aqueous barrier to small molecules in the ciliary processes of the vervet monkey (cercopithecus aethiops). 19724630657
survival of animal tissue cells in primary culture in the absence of serum.the ability of cells from tissues of several species of animals to survive in primary culture without serum was tested. of the species tested, cells from the kidneys of macaca mulatta (rhesus) and cercopithecus aethiops (vervet) monkeys and chicken embryo cells not only survived under these conditions, but indeed developed into confluent monolayer cultures. the addition of either serum or its globulin or albumin fraction enhanced the development of cell monolayers and permitted those cells unabl ...19734631437
vitamin c requirements of the vervet monkey (cercopithecus aethiops) under experimental conditions. 19734633567
[propagation of "marburg virus" (vervet monkey disease agent) in aedes aegypti]. 19684915131
the mycoflora of the intestinal contents of the vervet monkey. 19664958101
the mode of action of miotics on outflow resistance. a study of pilocarpine in the vervet monkey cercopithecus ethiops. 19664959867
behavior of vervet monkeys and other cercopithecines. new data show structural uniformities in the gestures of semiarboreal and terrestrial cercopithecines.a comparison of the communicative gestures of vervets with those of other cercopithecines reveals both similarities and differences. examples have been given of gestures (i) exhibited by all cercopithecines, (ii) rare or absent in vervets and common in several other species, (iii) demonstrated by vervets and a few other cercopithecines, and (iv) common in vervets and rare or absent in other members of the subfamily. vervets, baboons, and rhesus monkeys have approximately the same number of visua ...19674960943
psychological stress, early response to foreign protein, and blood cortisol in vervets. 19674962071
a comparison of rk-13, vervet monkey kidney and patas monkey kidney cell cultures for the isolation of rubella virus. 19674964173
social structure among vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops). 19674965299
experimental infection with rickettsia prowazeki in rhesus and vervet monkeys. 19674965333
isolation and characterization of simian adenoviruses isolated in association with an outbreak of pneumoenteritis in vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops). 19674965334
topical epinephrine effects on true outflow resistance and pseudofacility in vervet monkeys studied by a new anterior chamber perfusion technique. 19684965977
the elimination of red cells from the anterior chamber in vervet monkeys (cercopithecus ethiops). 19684966694
intraocular pressure and aqueous outflow after fistulization of schlemm's canal in the vervet monkey cercopithecus ethiops. 19684968453
early effects of epinephrine on aqueous humor dynamics in vervet monkeys (cercopithecus ethiops). 19694975259
aqueous flow and entry of cycloleucine into the aqueous humor of vervet monkeys (cercopithecus ethiops). 19694978724
influence of intraocular pressure and some drugs on aqueous flow and entry of cycloleucine into the aqueous humor of vervet monkeys (cercopithecus ethiops). 19694978725
the effect of apicoectomy before replantation on periodontal and pulpal healing in teeth in monkeys.the effect of resection of the apical part of the root before replantation upon periodontal and pulpal healing was studied in 7 green vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops) using teeth with incomplete and complete root formation. maxillary central incisors, mandibular lateral incisors and first and second mandibular molars were used in this experiment. on one side, the tooth was extracted and replanted with an intact root while the contralateral tooth had 2 mm of the apex resected for the purpo ...19853920162
pulmonary nocardiosis in a vervet monkey. 19694981372
immunologic studies with yellow fever and selected african group b arboviruses in rhesus and vervet monkeys. 19704984581
the acute toxicity of retrorsine, aflatoxin and sterigmatocystin in vervet monkeys. 19704986967
["marburg virus" (vervet monkey disease agent) in tissue cultures]. 19684988544
"intestinal spirochaetosis" of the vervet monkey.electron microscopy revealed that 80% of captured vervet monkeys, held in quarantine for experimental use, showed extensive proliferation of spiral-shaped bacteria on the mucosal epithelium of the large bowel. a consortium, consisting of a predominant spirillum together with a spirochaete, was usually seen as a lawn covering the colonic epithelium. sparsely populated areas showed preferential colonization of the tubular glands. pathological changes were minimal, being confined to the microvillus ...19853925404
quantitative histological study of the medial thickness of the pulmonary trunk and muscular pulmonary arteries in the vervet monkey. 19694989784
an epithelial blood-aqueous barrier to horseradish peroxidase in the ciliary processes of the vervet monkey (cercopithecus aethiops). 19714994081
observations on the functional internal anal sphincter of the vervet monkey. 19714995792
an electron microscopic study of the permeability of iris capillaries to horseradish peroxidase in the vervet monkey (cercopithecus aethiops). 19715000137
play-mothering: the relations between juvenile females and young infants among free-ranging vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops). 19715001014
responses to influenza a 2 vaccines in man and vervet monkeys. 19715002693
red cell and serum proteins of talapoin, patas and vervet monkeys. 19715003341
thoracic duct drainage in the vervet monkey and chacma baboon. 19715005597
red cell and serum proteins of talapoin, patas and vervet monkeys. 19715005746
the marburg virus (vervet monkey agent). 19705005997
quarantine of vervet monkeys. 19695006025
disease in laboratory personnel associated with vervet monkeys. 1. a general report on the outbreak. 19695006026
disease in laboratory personnel associated with vervet monkeys. 2. isolation of the causal agent. 19695006027
disease in laboratory personnel associated with vervet monkeys. 3. experimental infections of monkeys. 19695006028
disease in laboratory personnel associated with vervet monkeys. 4. collection and shipment of vervet monkeys. 19695006037
preliminary communication on gross pathological lesions in the genito-urinary systems of vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops) experimentally infected with schistosoma haematobium. 19705500113
cryopreservation before replantation of mature teeth in monkeys. (ii). effect of preincubation, different freezing and equilibration rates and endodontic treatment upon periodontal healing.the effect of cryopreservation in liquid nitrogen at -196 degrees c for 1 week was studied by histometric analysis of 60 mature teeth replanted in 10 green vervet monkeys. the effect of preincubation in enriched tissue culture medium was also investigated. 2 different freezing rates were compared, and the effect of stepwise equilibration of dmso was studied as well as the effect of root canal treatment. the histometric analysis carried out 8 weeks after replantation revealed that if the cryoprot ...19853928511
molybdate and the molecular properties of the vervet monkey estrogen receptor.the vervet monkey (cercopithecus aethiops pygerythrus) uterine estrogen receptor was partially characterised. the effect of the molybdate oxyanion on various molecular properties of the receptor was investigated. molybdate appeared to affect the subunit structure and apparent heterogeneity of the receptor. anion exchange chromatography of uterine cytosols yielded two ligand binding subunits in a 1:1 ratio in the absence of sodium molybdate, while only a single labelled complex could be demonstra ...19863795954
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