| [evaluation of the toxicity of basidiomycota fungi on the hatching of artemia franciscana cysts]. | the consumption of wild mushrooms has increased in recent years. however, not all mushrooms are edible and some of them may cause poisoning. therefore, their toxicity needs to be studied. artemia franciscana is a crustacean used in toxicity tests including toxins of fungi. | 2017 | 28830736 |
| effects of polystyrene microbeads in marine planktonic crustaceans. | plastic debris accumulates in the marine environment, fragmenting into microplastics (mp), causing concern about their potential toxic effects when ingested by marine organisms. the aim of this study was to verify whether 0.1µm polystyrene beads are likely to trigger lethal and sub-lethal responses in marine planktonic crustaceans. mp build-up, mortality, swimming speed alteration and enzyme activity (cholinesterases, catalase) were investigated in the larval stages of amphibalanus amphitrite ba ... | 2017 | 28750293 |
| long-term toxicity of surface-charged polystyrene nanoplastics to marine planktonic species dunaliella tertiolecta and artemia franciscana. | plastic pollution has been globally recognized as a critical issue for marine ecosystems and nanoplastics constitute one of the last unexplored areas to understand the magnitude of this threat. however, current difficulties in sampling and identifying nano-sized debris make hard to assess their occurrence in marine environment. polystyrene nanoparticles (ps nps) are largely used as nanoplastics in ecotoxicological studies and although acute exposures have been already investigated, long-term tox ... | 2017 | 28644993 |
| terminalia ferdinandiana exell. extracts inhibit the growth of body odour-forming bacteria. | terminalia ferdinandiana extracts are potent growth inhibitors of many bacterial pathogens. they may also inhibit the growth of malodour-producing bacteria and thus be useful deodorant components, although this is yet to be tested. | 2017 | 28488331 |
| determination of the optimal enrichment artemia franciscana with a synbiotic combination of probiotics pediococcus acidilactici and prebiotic fructooligosaccharide. | in this study the optimal amount of enriching artemia franciscana with a synbiotic combination of pediococcus acidilactici and fructooligosaccharide (fos( was investigated. the experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design in ten treatments: multi-level probiotics p. acidilactici (1×10(9), 1×10(8) and 1× 10(7) cfu per l) and multi-level enriched prebiotic fos (1, 2 and 5) g per l of solution and control. to evaluate the enrichment of adult artemia with each treatment, sampling was p ... | 2017 | 28473897 |
| effect of methylparaben in artemia franciscana. | in this study, the toxicity of methylparaben (mep) an emerging contaminant, was analysed in the sexual species artemia franciscana, due to its presence in coastal areas and marine saltworks in the mediterranean region. the acute toxicity (24h-lc50) of mep in nauplii was tested and its chronic effect (9days) evaluated by measuring survival and growth under two sublethal concentrations (0.0085 and 0.017mg/l). also, the effect on several key enzymes involved in: antioxidant defences (catalase (cat) ... | 2017 | 28428009 |
| social sounds produced by franciscana dolphins, pontoporia blainvillei (cetartiodactyla, pontoporiidae). | franciscana dolphin (pontoporia blainvillei) whistles were documented for the first time during 2003-2013 in babitonga bay estuary, south brazil, together with burst pulses. recordings were made from small boats under good sea conditions, and recording equipment that allowed analysis of sounds up to 96 khz. the recordings were made in the presence of 2-31 franciscana dolphins. during 23 h and 53 min, 90 whistles and 51 burst pulse series were recorded. although guiana dolphins (sotalia guianensi ... | 2017 | 28372148 |
| influence of surfactants and humic acids on artemia franciscana's embryonic phospho-metabolite profile as measured by (31)p nmr. | surfactants, such as triton x-100 (tx-100), cetylpyridinium chloride (cpc), and sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds) are known to be toxic to artemia franciscana (artemia) - an organism, frequently used to monitor the health of the aquatic environment. the phospho-metabolite profile of a living organism is often indicative of imbalances that may have been caused by environmental stressors, such as surfactants. this study utilizes in vivo(31)p nmr to monitor temporal changes in the phospho-metabolite pro ... | 2017 | 28285196 |
| molecular phylogeny and toxicity of harmful benthic dinoflagellates coolia (ostreopsidaceae, dinophyceae) in a sub-tropical marine ecosystem: the first record from hong kong. | coolia are marine benthic dinoflagellates which are globally distributed and potentially toxic. this study provides the first investigation of species diversity and toxicity assessment of coolia in hong kong waters. fifty-one strains of four coolia species, including c. malayensis, c. canariensis, c. tropicalis, and c. palmyrensis, were isolated from twelve sub-tidal habitats, and identified phylogenetically using 28s rdna sequences. exposure experiments (48-hour) demonstrated that the algal lys ... | 2017 | 28139234 |
| variation of the interphase heterochromatin in artemia (crustacea, anostraca) of the americas is related to changes in nuclear size and ionic composition of hipersaline habitats. | the populations of artemia (or brine shrimp) from the americas exhibit a wide variation in the amount of interphase heterochromatin. there is interest in understanding how this variation affects different parameters, from the cellular to the organismal levels. this should help to clarify the ability of this organism to tolerate brine habitats regularly subject to strong abiotic changes. in this study, we assessed the amount of interphase heterochromatin per nucleus based on chromocenter number ( ... | 2017 | 28099570 |
| patterns of population structure at microsatellite and mitochondrial dna markers in the franciscana dolphin (pontoporia blainvillei). | the franciscana dolphin, pontorporia blainvillei, is an endemic cetacean of the atlantic coast of south america. its coastal distribution and restricted movement patterns make this species vulnerable to anthropogenic factors, particularly to incidental bycatch. we used mitochondrial dna control region sequences, 10 microsatellites, and sex data to investigate the population structure of the franciscana dolphin from a previously established management area, which includes the southern edge of its ... | 2016 | 28035267 |
| yellow-emitting carbon nanodots and their flexible and transparent films for white leds. | we report carbon nanodots that can be utilized as effective color converting phosphors for the production of white light-emitting diodes (leds). blue-excitable and yellow-emitting carbon nanodots, functionalized with 3-(imidazolidin-2-on-1-yl)propylmethyldimethoxysilane (ipmds)-derived moieties (is-cds), are synthesized by a novel one-pot reaction in which the products from the initial reaction occurring between urea and 3-(2-aminoethylamino)propylmethyl-dimethoxysilane (aepmds) are further trea ... | 2016 | 27934198 |
| potential effects of tio2 nanoparticles and ticl4 in saltwater to phaeodactylum tricornutum and artemia franciscana. | nanosized titanium dioxide (ntio2) is widespread in many commercial products and several authors investigated its ecotoxicity effects focusing mainly on freshwater environments. data on saltwater species are still lacking or present contradicting results. we compared for the first time the toxicity of ticl4 and ntio2 considering standard toxicity tests with microalgae phaeodactylum tricornutum (growth inhibition test, 1.8-90mg/l) and crustacean artemia franciscana (mortality test, 0.5-64mg/l). f ... | 2017 | 27913027 |
| metals as chemical tracers to discriminate ecological populations of threatened franciscana dolphins (pontoporia blainvillei) from argentina. | franciscana dolphins are the most impacted small cetacean in the southwestern atlantic ocean, classified as vulnerable a3d by iucn. essential (fe, mo, mn, cr, ni, co) and non-essential (ag, pb, sn) trace elements (tes) were measured in liver, kidney, and brain samples of by-catch franciscana dolphins that were living in estuarine (n = 21) and marine (n = 21) habitats (1) to assess whether tes posed a threat and (2) to evaluate the suitability of tes for discriminating ecological populations of t ... | 2017 | 27909926 |
| arhsp40, a type 1 j-domain protein, is developmentally regulated and stress inducible in post-diapause artemia franciscana. | upon diapause termination and exposure to favorable environmental conditions, cysts of the crustacean artemia franciscana reinitiate development, a process dependent on the resumption of metabolic activity and the maintenance of protein homeostasis. the objective of the work described herein was to characterize molecular chaperones during post-diapause growth of a. franciscana. an hsp40 complementary dna (cdna) termed arhsp40 was cloned and shown to encode a protein with an amino-terminal j-doma ... | 2016 | 27581971 |
| non-lethal heat shock increases tolerance to metal exposure in brine shrimp. | pollution and temperature increase are two of the most important stressors that aquatic organisms are facing. exposure to elevated temperatures and metal contamination both induce heat shock proteins (hsps), which may thus be involved in the induced cross-tolerance in various organisms. this study aimed to test the hypothesis that exposure to a non-lethal heat shock (nlhs) causes an increased tolerance to subsequent metal exposure. using gnotobiotic cultures of the brine shrimp artemia francisca ... | 2016 | 27619211 |
| rotenone decreases hatching success in brine shrimp embryos by blocking development: implications for zooplankton egg banks. | while many zooplankton species recover quickly after the treatment of water resources with the piscicide, rotenone, some fail to reach pretreatment population density or, in rare cases, do not reappear at all. the variable impact of rotenone on zooplankton populations could stem from differences in the capacity of species to switch entirely to anaerobic catabolic pathways in the presence of rotenone, which blocks mitochondrial electron transport. alternatively, variable responses among species c ... | 2017 | 27655396 |
| mercury, selenium and stable isotopes in four small cetaceans from the southeastern brazilian coast: influence of feeding strategy. | dolphins are good bioindicators of the contamination status of marine ecosystems, since their dietary and habitat plasticity in both coastal and offshore ecotypes provide information on the trace elements levels originated from natural and anthropogenic sources. in this context, this study aimed to investigate provides mercury (hg), selenium (se) levels, trophic ecology and feeding environments of four small cetaceans (tursiops truncatus, steno bredanensis, sotalia guianensis and pontoporia blai ... | 2016 | 27593348 |
| the total and mitochondrial lipidome of artemia franciscana encysted embryos. | encysted embryos (cysts) of the crustacean artemia franciscana exhibit enormous tolerance to adverse conditions encompassing high doses of radiation, years of anoxia, desiccation and extreme salinity. so far, several mechanisms have been proposed to contribute to this extremophilia, however, none were sought in the lipid profile of the cysts. here in, we used high resolution shotgun lipidomics suited for detailed quantitation and analysis of lipids in uncharacterized biological membranes and sam ... | 2016 | 27542539 |
| surfactant toxicity to artemia franciscana and the influence of humic acid and chemical composition. | surfactants can be extremely toxic to aquatic species and are introduced to the environment in a variety of ways. it is thus important to understand how other environmental constituents, in this case humic acids (has), may alter the toxicity of anthropogenic surfactants. hatching and mortality assays of artemia franciscana were performed for three different toxic surfactants: triton x-100 (tx-100, non-ionic), cetylpyridinium chloride (cpc, cationic), and sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds, anionic). hu ... | 2017 | 27453688 |
| cryopreservation of lipid bilayers by lea proteins from artemia franciscana and trehalose. | the capacity of late embryogenesis abundant (lea) proteins and trehalose to protect liposomes against freezing-induced damage was examined by measuring the leakage of 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein (cf). liposomes were prepared to simulate the lipid compositions of the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane, outer mitochondrial membrane (omm), and inner mitochondrial membrane (imm). two recombinant lea proteins belonging to group 3 (afrlea2 and afrlea3m) were expressed and purified from embryos of artemi ... | 2016 | 27393243 |
| beak deviations in the skull of franciscana dolphins pontoporia blainvillei from argentina. | the franciscana dolphin pontoporia blainvillei is characterized by a long rostrum, a feature that is shared with the families formerly classified as river dolphins (pontoporiidae, platanistidae, iniidae, lipotidae). although there are occasional reports on the existence of beak deformations, very little published information exists describing this process. the object of the present study was to describe and quantify the beak anomalies of franciscana dolphins from the coastal waters of argentina. ... | 2016 | 27304865 |
| high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of high antioxidant australian fruits with antiproliferative activity against cancer cells. | high antioxidant capacities have been linked to the treatment and prevention of several cancers. recent reports have identified several native australian fruits with high antioxidant capacities. despite this, several of these species are yet to be tested for anticancer activity. | 2016 | 27279705 |
| biochemical and toxicological effects of organic (herbicide primextra(®) gold tz) and inorganic (copper) compounds on zooplankton and phytoplankton species. | in europe, mainly in the mediterranean region, an intensive usage of pesticides was recorded during the past 30 years. according to information from agricultural cooperatives of the mondego valley (figueira da foz, portugal), primextra(®) gold tz is the most used herbicide in corn crop fields and one of the 20 best-selling herbicides in portugal. copper is mainly used in pesticide formulations. this study aims to determine the ecotoxicological and biochemical (namely fatty acid profiles) effects ... | 2016 | 27239776 |
| the role of metallothioneins, selenium and transfer to offspring in mercury detoxification in franciscana dolphins (pontoporia blainvillei). | the concentrations of mercury (hg), selenium (se) and metallothioneins (mt) were evaluated in fetuses, calves, juveniles and adults of the endangered coastal franciscana dolphin (pontoporia blainvillei) from argentina. mercury concentrations varied among analyzed tissues (liver, kidney, muscle and brain), with liver showing the higher concentrations in all specimens. an age-dependent accumulation was found in liver, kidney and brain. no significant relationship between hg and mt concentrations w ... | 2016 | 27210558 |
| impacts of harvesting on brine shrimp (artemia franciscana) in great salt lake, utah, usa. | selective harvesting can cause evolutionary responses in populations via shifts in phenotypic characteristics, especially those affecting life history. brine shrimp (artemia franciscana) cysts in great salt lake (gsl), utah, usa are commercially harvested with techniques that select against floating cysts. this selective pressure could cause evolutionary changes over time. our objectives are to (1) determine if there is a genetic basis to cyst buoyancy, (2) determine if cyst buoyancy and nauplii ... | 2016 | 27209783 |
| gamma radiation reduced toxicity of azoxystrobin tested on artemia franciscana. | fungicide azoxystrobin toxicity was monitored by means of a 96-h biotest with artemia franciscana nauplius stages after exposure to solutions with concentrations of 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8 mg l(-1) irradiated with (60)co gamma radiation with doses of 1, 2.5, 5 and 10 kgy. the effects of ionization radiation on azoxystrobin toxicity were mainly manifested by a statistically significant reduction of lethality after 72- and 96-h exposure. a maximum reduction of lethality of 72 % was achieved using do ... | 2016 | 27107585 |
| remediation of mercury contaminated saltwater with functionalized silica coated magnetite nanoparticles. | the study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of dithiocarbamate functionalized silica coated magnetite nanoparticles (nps) for hg decontamination of saltwater either contaminated with hg alone or with as and cd. for this, the residual levels of hg in seawater were assessed and hg-contaminated or hg+as+cd-contaminated seawater toxicity to aquatic biota, before and after the sorption process, was compared. the results showed that under highly competitive conditions (water salts, cd and as), the remo ... | 2016 | 27039062 |
| mercury species, selenium, metallothioneins and glutathione in two dolphins from the southeastern brazilian coast: mercury detoxification and physiological differences in diving capacity. | in the present study, the concentration of trace elements, total mercury (hg) and selenium (se) and mercury forms (mehg, hginorg and hgse) in the vulnerable coastal dolphins pontoporia blainvillei and sotalia guianensis were appraised and compared, using metallothioneins (mt) and glutathione (gsh) as biomarkers for trace element exposure. the trace element concentrations varied between muscle and liver tissues, with liver of all dolphin specimens showing higher hg and se concentrations than thos ... | 2016 | 27038210 |
| assessing estuarine quality: a cost-effective in situ assay with amphipods. | in situ assays based on feeding depression can be powerful ecotoxicological tools that can link physiological organism-level responses to population and/or community-level effects. amphipods are traditional target species for toxicity tests due to their high sensitivity to contaminants, availability in the field and ease of handling. however, cost-effective in situ assays based on feeding depression are not yet available for amphipods that inhabit estuarine ecosystems. the aim of this work was t ... | 2016 | 26874320 |
| long-term seasonal and interannual patterns of marine mammal strandings in subtropical western south atlantic. | understanding temporal patterns of marine mammal occurrence is useful for establishing conservation strategies. we used a 38 yr-long dataset spanning 1976 to 2013 to describe temporal patterns and trends in marine mammal strandings along a subtropical stretch of the east coast of south america. this region is influenced by a transitional zone between tropical and temperate waters and is considered an important fishing ground off brazil. generalized additive models were used to evaluate the tempo ... | 2016 | 26814667 |
| small cetaceans found stranded or accidentally captured in southeastern brazil: bioindicators of essential and non-essential trace elements in the environment. | essential (cu, mn, se and zn) and non-essential (cd and hg) elements were analyzed in the hepatic tissue of 22 individuals of seven different species of small cetaceans (feresa attenuata; orcinus orca; pontoporia blainvillei; sotalia guianensis; stenella frontalis; steno bredanensis; tursiops truncatus) accidentally caught in fishing nets or found stranded along the northern coast of the state of rio de janeiro, brazil, between 2001 and 2010. atlantic spotted dolphin (s. frontalis) showed the hi ... | 2013 | 23993648 |
| microsatellite loci for population and parentage analysis in the amazon river dolphin (inia geoffrensis de blainville, 1817). | we developed specific primers for microsatellite dna regions for the amazon river dolphin or boto inia geoffrensis, for use in population and conservation genetic studies. we also tested their transferability for two other species, pontoporia blainvillei (sister taxon of i. geoffrensis) and sotalia guianensis. a total of 12 microsatellite loci were polymorphic for the boto. an additional 25 microsatellite loci previously isolated from other cetacean species were also tested in the boto. the 26 p ... | 2009 | 21564703 |
| high accumulation of pcdd, pcdf, and pcb congeners in marine mammals from brazil: a serious pcb problem. | blubber samples from three delphinid species (false killer whale, guiana and rough-toothed dolphin), as well as liver samples from franciscana dolphins were analyzed for dioxins and related compounds (drcs). samples were collected from 35 cetaceans stranded or incidentally captured in a highly industrialized and urbanized area (southeast and southern brazilian regions). dioxin-like pcbs accounted for over 83% of the total teq for all cetaceans. non-ortho coplanar pcbs, for franciscanas (82%), an ... | 2013 | 23827355 |
| salt sensitivity of the morphometry of artemia franciscana during development: a demonstration of 3d critical windows. | a 3d conceptual framework of 'critical windows' was used to examine whether the morphometry of artemia franciscana is altered by salinity exposure during certain key periods of development. artemia franciscana were hatched at 20 ppt (designated control salinity) and were then exposed to 10, 30, 40 or 50 ppt either chronically (days 1-15) or only on days 1-6, 7-9, 10-12 or 13-15. on day 15, maturity was assessed and morphometric characteristics, including mass, total body length, tail length and ... | 2016 | 26685168 |
| nodularia spumigena peptides--accumulation and effect on aquatic invertebrates. | thus far, the negative effects of nodularia spumigena blooms on aquatic organisms have been mainly attributed to the production of the hepatotoxic nodularin (nod). in the current work, the accumulation of other n. spumigena metabolites in blue mussels and crustaceans, and their effect on thamnocephalus platyurus and artemia franciscana, were examined. the liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (lc-ms/ms) analyses provided evidence that both blue mussels collected after a cyanobacterial b ... | 2015 | 26529012 |
| liposomes with diverse compositions are protected during desiccation by lea proteins from artemia franciscana and trehalose. | intracellular accumulation of late embryogenesis abundant (lea) proteins and the disaccharide trehalose is associated with cellular desiccation tolerance in a number of animal species. two lea proteins from anhydrobiotic embryos of the brine shrimp artemia franciscana were tested for the ability to protect liposomes of various compositions against desiccation-induced damage in the presence and absence of trehalose. damage was assessed by carboxyfluorescein leakage after drying and rehydration. f ... | 2016 | 26518519 |
| effects of rearing density on survival, growth, and development of the ladybird coleomegilla maculata in culture. | our research focuses on developing techniques to rear ladybird beetles (coleoptera: coccinellidae). we evaluated the effects of rearing density on survival, growth, and development of coleomegilla maculata. the hypothesis that a low to moderate rearing density has limited or no effects on survival and development was tested. c. maculata first instars were reared to pupae at a density of 1, 5, 10, 15, or 20 individuals per arena (2.5 cm high, 9.0 cm diameter, and 159 cm3 volume) and fed powdered ... | 2015 | 26466904 |
| does a change from whole to powdered food (artemia franciscana eggs) increase oviposition in the ladybird coleomegilla maculata? | the limited availability of alternative foods to replace natural prey hinders cost-effective mass production of ladybird beetles for augmentative biological control. we compared the effects of powdered vs. whole artemia franciscana (a. franciscana) (brine shrimp) eggs with or without a dietary supplement on development and reproduction of coleomegilla maculata (c. maculata) (coleoptera: coccinellidae). we tested the hypotheses that (1) powdered a. franciscana eggs are more suitable than whole eg ... | 2015 | 26466902 |
| toxic heritage: maternal transfer of pyrethroid insecticides and sunscreen agents in dolphins from brazil. | pyrethroids (pyr) and uv filters (uvf) were investigated in tissues of paired mother-fetus dolphins from brazilian coast in order to investigate the possibility of maternal transfer of these emerging contaminants. comparison of pyr and uvf concentrations in maternal and fetal blubber revealed franciscana transferred efficiently both contaminants to fetuses (f/m > 1) and guiana dolphin transferred efficiently pyr to fetuses (f/m > 1) different than uvf (f/m < 1). pyr and uvf concentrations in fet ... | 2015 | 26453834 |
| nano-sized polystyrene affects feeding, behavior and physiology of brine shrimp artemia franciscana larvae. | nano-sized polymers as polystyrene (ps) constitute one of the main challenges for marine ecosystems, since they can distribute along the whole water column affecting planktonic species and consequently disrupting the energy flow of marine ecosystems. nowadays very little knowledge is available on the impact of nano-sized plastics on marine organisms. therefore, the present study aims to evaluate the effects of 40nm anionic carboxylated (ps-cooh) and 50nm cationic amino (ps-nh2) polystyrene nanop ... | 2016 | 26422775 |
| lethal and sublethal endpoints observed for artemia exposed to two reference toxicants and an ecotoxicological concern organic compound. | swimming speed alteration and mortality assays with the marine crustacean artemia franciscana were carried out. ec50 and lc50 values after 24-48h exposures were calculated for two reference toxicants, copper sulphate pentahydrate (cuso4·5h2o) and sodium dodecyl sulphate (sds), and an ecotoxicological concern organic compound, diethylene glycol (deg). different end-points have been evaluated, in order to point out their sensitivity levels. the swimming speed alteration (ssa) was compared to morta ... | 2016 | 26344887 |
| population genetics of franciscana dolphins (pontoporia blainvillei): introducing a new population from the southern edge of their distribution. | due to anthropogenic factors, the franciscana dolphin, pontoporia blainvillei, is the most threatened small cetacean on the atlantic coast of south america. four franciscana management areas have been proposed: espiritu santo to rio de janeiro (fma i), são paulo to santa catarina (fma ii), rio grande do sul to uruguay (fma iii), and argentina (fma iv). further genetic studies distinguished additional populations within these fmas. we analyzed the population structure, phylogeography, and demogra ... | 2015 | 26221960 |
| physiological strategies during animal diapause: lessons from brine shrimp and annual killifish. | diapause is a programmed state of developmental arrest that typically occurs as part of the natural developmental progression of organisms that inhabit seasonal environments. the brine shrimp artemia franciscana and annual killifish austrofundulus limnaeus share strikingly similar life histories that include embryonic diapause as a means to synchronize the growth and reproduction phases of their life history to favorable environmental conditions. in both species, respiration rate is severely dep ... | 2015 | 26085666 |
| a review of the biology of australian halophilic anostracans (branchiopoda: anostraca). | australia has two species of artemia: a. franciscana introduced to salt works and apparently not spreading, and parthenogenetic artemia presently spreading widely through southwestern australia. in addition, and unique to australia, there are 18 described species of parartemia in hypersaline lakes. all parartemia use a lock and key mechanism in amplexus and hence have distinctive antennal-head features in males and thoracic modifications in females. various factors, including climatic fluctuatio ... | 2014 | 25984503 |
| enhancing the efficacy of electrolytic chlorination for ballast water treatment by adding carbon dioxide. | we examined the synergistic effects of co2 injection on electro-chlorination in disinfection of plankton and bacteria in simulated ballast water. chlorination was performed at dosages of 4 and 6ppm with and without co2 injection on electro-chlorination. testing was performed in both seawater and brackish water quality as defined by imo g8 guidelines. co2 injection notably decreased from the control the number of artemia franciscana, a brine shrimp, surviving during a 5-day post-treatment incubat ... | 2015 | 25841887 |
| effects of alginate on stability and ecotoxicity of nano-tio2 in artificial seawater. | the large-scale use of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nano-tio₂) in consumer and industrial applications raised environmental health and safety concerns. potentially impacted ecosystems include estuarine and coastal organisms. results from ecotoxicological studies with nano-tio₂ dispersed in salt exposure media are difficult to interpret due to fast flocculation and sedimentation phenomena affecting the dispersion stability. the goal of this study was to investigate the stabilisation effect of ... | 2015 | 25841066 |
| toxicity of two imidazolium ionic liquids, [bmim][bf4] and [omim][bf4], to standard aquatic test organisms: role of acetone in the induced toxicity. | the main goal of this study was to investigate the toxicity of the imidazolium-based ionic liquids (ils), [bmim][bf4] (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate) and [omim][bf4] (1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate), in battery of standard aquatic toxicity test organisms. specifically, exposure of the algae scenedesmus rubescens, crustaceans thamnocephalus platyurus and artemia franciscana, rotifers brachionus calyciflorus and brachionus plicatilis and bivalve mytilus galloprovinci ... | 2015 | 25839183 |
| renal lesions in cetaceans from brazil. | this study reports the occurrence of renal lesions in cetaceans from the coast of brazil subjected to necropsy examination between 1996 and 2011. the animals (n = 192) were by-caught in fishing nets, were found dead on beaches or died despite attempted rehabilitation. kidney samples were evaluated grossly and microscopically and, depending on the histopathological findings, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural analyses were conducted. due to autolysis, a diagnosis was reached in only 128 anim ... | 2015 | 25824116 |
| molecular approaches for improving desiccation tolerance: insights from the brine shrimp artemia franciscana. | we have evaluated the endogenous expression and molecular properties of selected group 3 lea proteins from artemia franciscana , and the capacity of selected groups 1 and 3 proteins transfected into various desiccation-sensitive cell lines to improve tolerance to drying. organisms inhabiting both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems frequently are confronted with the problem of water loss for multiple reasons--exposure to hypersalinity, evaporative water loss, and restriction of intracellular wate ... | 2015 | 25809151 |
| developmental critical windows and sensitive periods as three-dimensional constructs in time and space. | a critical window (sensitive period) represents a period during development when an organism's phenotype is responsive to intrinsic or extrinsic (environmental) factors. such windows represent a form of developmental phenotypic plasticity and result from the interaction between genotype and environment. critical windows have typically been defined as comprising discrete periods in development with a distinct starting time and end time, as identified by experiments following an on and an off prot ... | 2015 | 25730265 |
| aquatic pollution may favor the success of the invasive species a. franciscana. | the genus artemia consists of several bisexual and parthenogenetic sibling species. one of them, a. franciscana, originally restricted to the new world, becomes invasive when introduced into ecosystems out of its natural range of distribution. invasiveness is anthropically favored by the use of cryptobiotic eggs in the aquaculture and pet trade. the mechanisms of out-competition of the autochthonous artemia by the invader are still poorly understood. ecological fitness may play a pivotal role, b ... | 2015 | 25723047 |
| sex-dependent transcriptome analysis and single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) discovery in the brine shrimp artemia franciscana. | in order to enhance genomic resources for the brine shrimp artemia franciscana, rna-seq analysis was conducted for adult females and males. through de novo assembly, 36,896 high quality contigs were obtained, of which 13,749 sequences were annotated with arthropod sequences. just 4.5% matched against previously reported sequences for artemia spp. additionally, different transcriptional patterns between males and females were found, evidencing sex-related transcriptional responses. furthermore, 2 ... | 2014 | 25450167 |
| a novel model of early development in the brine shrimp, artemia franciscana, and its use in assessing the effects of environmental variables on development, emergence, and hatching. | the brine shrimp, artemia (crustacea, anostraca), is a zooplankton that is commonly used in both basic and applied research. unfortunately, artemia embryos are often cultured under conditions that alter early development, and reports based on these cultures oversimplify or fail to describe morphological phenotypes. this is due in part to the lack of a comprehensive developmental model that is applicable to observations of live specimens. the objective of this study was to build and test a descri ... | 2015 | 25427440 |
| synthesis of maculalactone a and derivatives for environmental fate tracking studies. | maculalactone a (1) constitutes a promising antifouling agent, inhibiting the formation of biofilms in marine and freshwater systems. in this study, we developed a new route, based on a late-stage formation of the butenolide core, leading to the total synthesis of maculalactone a (three steps, overall yield of 45%) and delivering material on a gram scale. in addition, analogues of the title compound were assayed concerning their biological activity, utilizing artemia franciscana and thamnocephal ... | 2015 | 25360848 |
| intracellular localization of group 3 lea proteins in embryos of artemia franciscana. | late embryogenesis abundant (lea) proteins are accumulated by anhydrobiotic organisms in response to desiccation and improve survivorship during water stress. in this study we provide the first direct evidence for the subcellular localizations of afrlea2 and afrlea3m (and its subforms) in anhydrobiotic embryos of artemia franciscana. immunohistochemistry shows afrlea2 to reside in the cytoplasm and nucleus, and the four afrlea3m proteins to be localized to the mitochondrion. cellular locations a ... | 2014 | 25311474 |
| comparison of artemia-bacteria associations in brines, laboratory cultures and the gut environment: a study based on chilean hypersaline environments. | the brine shrimp artemia (crustacea) and a diversity of halophilic microorganisms coexist in natural brines, salterns and laboratory cultures; part of such environmental microbial diversity is represented in the gut of artemia individuals. bacterial diversity in these environments was assessed by 16s rrna gene denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) fingerprinting. eight natural locations in chile, where a. franciscana or a. persimilis occur, were sampled for analysis of free-living and g ... | 2015 | 25239570 |
| a short-term laboratory and in situ sediment assay based on the postexposure feeding of the estuarine isopod cyathura carinata. | in situ assays based on feeding depression have been proposed as sublethal assays able to assess immediate contaminant effects on key ecosystem functions, long before effects on life-history traits can be detected. the in situ peculiarities provide more realistic exposure scenarios than laboratory-controlled conditions, which is particularly relevant for estuarine ecosystems where environmental conditions are highly variable. in this context, we developed a short-term cost-effective in situ assa ... | 2014 | 25173058 |
| ontogenetic development and sexual dimorphism of franciscana dolphin skull: a 3d geometric morphometric approach. | the aim of this work was to study the postnatal ontogenetic development of pontoporia blainvillei skull, identifying major changes on shape, and relating them to relevant factors in the life history of the species. we analyzed a complete ontogenetic series (73♂, 83♀) with three-dimensional geometric morphometric techniques. immature dolphins showed a very well-developed braincase and a poorly developed rostrum, and the principal postnatal changes affected the rostrum and the temporal fossa, both ... | 2014 | 25052760 |
| artemia biodiversity in asia with the focus on the phylogeography of the introduced american species artemia franciscana kellogg, 1906. | asia harbors a diverse group of sexual and asexual artemia species, including the invasive artemia franciscana, which is native to the americas. the phylogeny of asian artemia species and the phylogeography of the introduced a. franciscana from 81 sampling localities in eurasia, africa and america were elucidated using mitochondrial (coi) and nuclear dna (its1) sequences. according to a coi phylogeny, 6 distinctive genetic groups were recognized, with a complex phylogeographic structure among as ... | 2014 | 25019975 |
| first record of an anomalously colored franciscana dolphin, pontoporia blainvillei. | on october 2011, a newborn franciscana dolphin with an anomalously coloration was sighted in babitonga bay, southern brazil. the calf was totally white. besides the potential mother and newborn, the group also had the presence of another adult, who always was swimming behind the pair. both adults had the typical coloration of the species, with the back in grayish brown. the group, composed by the white franciscana calf, his pontential mother and one more adult, was reported in five occasions. th ... | 2014 | 25014918 |
| effect of artemia franciscana on the removal of nickel by bioaccumulation. | the present study evaluates the feasibility of using artemia franciscana in reducing the ni concentration of synthetic wastewater by the process of bioaccumulation. metallothionein protein plays a key role in the uptake of nickel by artemia. artemia (brine shrimp) was exposed to an initial nickel concentration of 40 mg/l. gradual decrease of nickel was observed from 40 mg/l to 5 mg/l with a removal efficiency of 87.5%. the number of organisms were varied to determine the number for the maximum r ... | 2014 | 24975411 |
| reactive oxygen species generated by a heat shock protein (hsp) inducing product contributes to hsp70 production and hsp70-mediated protective immunity in artemia franciscana against pathogenic vibrios. | the cytoprotective role of heat shock protein (hsp70) described in a variety of animal disease models, including vibriosis in farmed aquatic animals, suggests that new protective strategies relying upon the use of compounds that selectively turn on hsp genes could be developed. the product tex-oe® (hereafter referred to as hspi), an extract from the skin of the prickly pear fruit, opuntia ficus indica, was previously shown to trigger hsp70 synthesis in a non-stressful situation in a variety of a ... | 2014 | 24950414 |
| group 1 lea proteins contribute to the desiccation and freeze tolerance of artemia franciscana embryos during diapause. | water loss either by desiccation or freezing causes multiple forms of cellular damage. the encysted embryos (cysts) of the crustacean artemia franciscana have several molecular mechanisms to enable anhydrobiosis-life without water-during diapause. to better understand how cysts survive reduced hydration, group 1 late embryogenesis abundant (lea) proteins, hydrophilic unstructured proteins that accumulate in the stress-tolerant cysts of a. franciscana, were knocked down using rna interference (rn ... | 2014 | 24846336 |
| effects of surface-engineered nanoparticle-based dispersants for marine oil spills on the model organism artemia franciscana. | fine particles are under active consideration as alternatives to chemical dispersants for large-scale petroleum spills. fine carbon particles with engineered surface chemistry have been shown to stabilize oil-in-water emulsions, but the environmental impacts of large-scale particle introduction to the marine environment are unknown. here we study the impact of surface-engineered carbon-black materials on brine shrimp (artemia franciscana) as a model marine microcrustacean. mortality was characte ... | 2014 | 24823274 |
| marine debris ingestion by coastal dolphins: what drives differences between sympatric species? | this study compared marine debris ingestion of the coastal dolphins pontoporia blainvillei and sotalia guianensis in a sympatric area in atlantic ocean. among the 89 stomach contents samples of p. blainvillei, 14 (15.7%) contained marine debris. for s. guianensis, 77 stomach contents samples were analyzed and only one of which (1.30%) contained marine debris. the debris recovered was plastic material: nylon yarns and flexible plastics. differences in feeding habits between the coastal dolphins w ... | 2014 | 24746357 |
| morphological analysis of the flippers in the franciscana dolphin, pontoporia blainvillei, applying x-ray technique. | pectoral flippers of cetaceans function to provide stability and maneuverability during locomotion. directional asymmetry (da) is a common feature among odontocete cetaceans, as well as sexual dimorphism (sd). for the first time da, allometry, physical maturity, and sd of the flipper skeleton--by x-ray technique--of pontoporia blainvillei were analyzed. the number of carpals, metacarpals, phalanges, and morphometric characters from the humerus, radius, ulna, and digit two were studied in francis ... | 2014 | 24700648 |
| artemin, a diapause-specific chaperone, contributes to the stress tolerance of artemia franciscana cysts and influences their release from females. | females of the crustacean artemia franciscana produce either motile nauplii or gastrula stage embryos enclosed in a shell impermeable to nonvolatile compounds and known as cysts. the encysted embryos enter diapause, a state of greatly reduced metabolism and profound stress tolerance. artemin, a diapause-specific ferritin homolog in cysts has molecular chaperone activity in vitro. artemin represents 7.2% of soluble protein in cysts, approximately equal to the amount of p26, a small heat shock pro ... | 2014 | 24526727 |
| population structure of the endangered franciscana dolphin (pontoporia blainvillei): reassessing management units. | franciscanas are the most endangered dolphins in the southwestern atlantic. due to their coastal and estuarine habits, franciscanas suffer from extensive fisheries bycatch, as well as from habitat loss and degradation. four franciscana management areas (fma), proposed based on biology, demography, morphology and genetic data, were incorporated into management planning and in the delineation of research efforts. we re-evaluated that proposal through the analysis of control region sequences from f ... | 2014 | 24497928 |
| metallothioneins pattern during ontogeny of coastal dolphin, pontoporia blainvillei, from argentina. | metallothioneins are signals of metal exposure and widely used in biomonitoring. franciscana dolphin is an endemic cetacean from the southwestern atlantic ocean, classified as vulnerable a3d by the iucn. metallothionein, copper and zinc in franciscana were assessed in two geographic groups; one inhabits la plata river estuary, anthropogenically impacted, and the other inhabits marine coastal ecosystems, with negligible pollution. despite the environment, hepatic and renal mt concentrations were ... | 2014 | 24467859 |
| bird migratory flyways influence the phylogeography of the invasive brine shrimp artemia franciscana in its native american range. | since darwin's time, waterbirds have been considered an important vector for the dispersal of continental aquatic invertebrates. bird movements have facilitated the worldwide invasion of the american brine shrimp artemia franciscana, transporting cysts (diapausing eggs), and favouring rapid range expansions from introduction sites. here we address the impact of bird migratory flyways on the population genetic structure and phylogeography of a. franciscana in its native range in the americas. we ... | 2013 | 24255814 |
| removal of phosphorus from wastewaters by biomass ashes. | removal batch assays of phosphates from a synthetic wastewater (sww) and a pulp and paper mill wastewater (ppww) with two forestry biomass ashes were performed. the supernatants were not only chemically characterized but also the ecotoxicity was determined using two organisms: vibrio fischeri and artemia franciscana. the addition of fly ash and bottom ash to the sww in solid/liquid (s/l) ratios of 3.35 and 9.05 g l(-1), respectively, achieved removal percentages of phosphates >97% for both ashes ... | 2013 | 24225103 |
| determination of extremely high pressure tolerance of brine shrimp larvae by using a new pressure chamber system. | hydrostatic pressure is the only one of a range of environmental parameters (water temperature, salinity, light availability, and so on) that increases in proportion with depth. pressure tolerance is therefore essential to understand the foundation of populations and current diversity of faunal compositions at various depths. in the present study, we used a newly developed pressure chamber system to examine changes in larval activity of the salt-lake crustacean, artemia franciscana, in response ... | 2013 | 24224473 |
| quantification of cellular protein expression and molecular features of group 3 lea proteins from embryos of artemia franciscana. | late embryogenesis abundant (lea) proteins are highly hydrophilic, low complexity proteins whose expression has been correlated with desiccation tolerance in anhydrobiotic organisms. here, we report the identification of three new mitochondrial lea proteins in anhydrobiotic embryos of artemia franciscana, afrlea3m_47, afrlea3m_43, and afrlea3m_29. these new isoforms are recognized by antibody raised against recombinant afrlea3m, the original mitochondrial-targeted lea protein previously reported ... | 2014 | 24061850 |
| maternal transfer of inorganic mercury and methylmercury in aquatic and terrestrial arthropods. | the transfer of mercury from females to their offspring plays an important role in mercury accumulation and toxicity during early development. to quantify the transfer of inorganic mercury and methylmercury from female arthropods to their eggs, the authors collected and analyzed brine shrimp (artemia franciscana), wolf spiders (alopecosa spp.), and their attached eggs from aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems at the great salt lake, utah, usa. essentially all of the mercury in both the female brin ... | 2013 | 23939924 |
| functional differentiation of small heat shock proteins in diapause-destined artemia embryos. | encysted embryos of artemia franciscana cease development and enter diapause, a state of metabolic suppression and enhanced stress tolerance. the development of diapause-destined artemia embryos is characterized by the coordinated synthesis of the small heat shock proteins (shsps) p26, arhsp21 and arhsp22, with the latter being stress inducible in adults. the amounts of shsp mrna and protein varied in artemia cysts, suggesting transcriptional and translational regulation. by contrast to p26, kno ... | 2013 | 23879561 |
| fine scale distribution constrains cadmium accumulation rates in two geographical groups of franciscana dolphin from argentina. | franciscana dolphin is an endemic cetacean in the southwestern atlantic ocean and is classified as vulnerable a3d by the international union for conservation of nature. cadmium accumulation was assessed in two geographic groups from argentina; one inhabits the la plata river estuary, a high anthropogenic impacted environment, and the other is distributed in marine coastal, with negligible pollution. despite the environment, marine dolphins showed an increase of renal cd concentrations since trop ... | 2013 | 23743272 |
| a laboratory and in situ postexposure feeding assay with a freshwater snail. | contaminant-driven feeding inhibition has direct and immediate consequences at higher levels of biological organization, by depressing the population consumption and thus hampering ecosystem functioning (e.g., grazing, organic matter decomposition). the present study aimed at developing a short-term laboratory and in situ assay based on the postexposure feeding of the freshwater snail theodoxus fluviatilis. a method to precisely quantify feeding rates was first developed, consisting of a 3-h fee ... | 2013 | 23733247 |
| mitochondrial genome sequences of artemia tibetiana and artemia urmiana: assessing molecular changes for high plateau adaptation. | brine shrimps, artemia (crustacea, anostraca), inhabit hypersaline environments and have a broad geographical distribution from sea level to high plateaus. artemia therefore possess significant genetic diversity, which gives them their outstanding adaptability. to understand this remarkable plasticity, we sequenced the mitochondrial genomes of two artemia tibetiana isolates from the tibetan plateau in china and one artemia urmiana isolate from lake urmia in iran and compared them with the genome ... | 2013 | 23633076 |
| first determination of uv filters in marine mammals. octocrylene levels in franciscana dolphins. | most current bioexposure assessments for uv filters focus on contaminants concentrations in fish from river and lake. to date there is not information available on the occurrence of uv filters in marine mammals. this is the first study to investigate the presence of sunscreen agents in tissue liver of franciscana dolphin (pontoporia blainvillei), a species under special measures for conservation. fifty six liver tissue samples were taken from dead individuals accidentally caught or found strande ... | 2013 | 23627728 |
| molecular identification of microorganisms associated with the brine shrimp artemia franciscana. | prior research on the microorganisms associated with the brine shrimp, artemia franciscana, has mainly been limited to culture-based identification techniques or feeding studies for aquaculture. our objective was to identify bacteria and archaea associated with artemia adults and encysted embryos to understand the role of microbes in the artemia life cycle and, therefore, their importance in a hypersaline food chain. | 2013 | 23497541 |
| a first aflp-based genetic linkage map for brine shrimp artemia franciscana and its application in mapping the sex locus. | we report on the construction of sex-specific linkage maps, the identification of sex-linked markers and the genome size estimation for the brine shrimp artemia franciscana. overall, from the analysis of 433 aflp markers segregating in a 112 full-sib family we identified 21 male and 22 female linkage groups (2n = 42), covering 1,041 and 1,313 cm respectively. fifteen putatively homologous linkage groups, including the sex linkage groups, were identified between the female and male linkage map. e ... | 2013 | 23469207 |
| metabolic downregulation and inhibition of carbohydrate catabolism during diapause in embryos of artemia franciscana. | diapause embryos were collected from ovigerous females of artemia franciscana at the great salt lake, utah, and were synchronized to within 4 h of release. respiration rate for these freshly released embryos across a subsequent 26-d time course showed a rapid decrease during the first several days followed thereafter by a much slower decline. the overall metabolic depression was estimated to be greater than 99%. however, proton conductance of mitochondria isolated from diapause and postdiapause ... | 2013 | 23303325 |
| mechanical properties of dental tissues in dolphins (cetacea: delphinoidea and inioidea). | (1) mammalian teeth play a major role in food acquisition and processing. while most mammals are heterodont and masticate their food, dolphins are homodont with simplified tooth morphology and negligible mastication. understanding mechanical properties of dental tissues in dolphins is fundamental to elucidate the functional morphology and biomechanics of their feeding apparatus. this paper aims to study the hardness and elastic modulus of enamel and dentine in dolphins. (2) teeth of 10 extant sp ... | 2013 | 23290354 |
| a gnotobiotic model system: the case of artemia franciscana. | | 2013 | 25141743 |
| effect of environmental factors on heritability and its biometrics of artemia franciscana vinh chau by mass selection of small sized cysts. | | 2013 | 25141698 |
| toxic risk associated with sporadic occurrences of microcystis aeruginosa blooms from tidal rivers in marine and estuarine ecosystems and its impact on artemia franciscana nauplii populations. | microcystis aeruginosa is a species of freshwater cyanobacteria which can form harmful algal blooms in freshwater water bodies worldwide. however, in spite its sporadic occurrences for short periods of time in estuarine waters, their influence on zooplankton populations present in these ecosystems has not been extensively studied. in this work, artemia franciscana was used as test organism model, studying mortality against several strains of m. aeruginosa with different degrees of toxigenicity, ... | 2013 | 23246722 |
| [isolation and identification of brine shrimp lethal activities from derris trifoliata]. | to study the brine shrimp lethal activities of the roots and stems from derris trifoliata. | 2012 | 23213734 |
| a revision of artemia biodiversity in macaronesia. | in a biogeographical context, the term macaronesia broadly embraces the north atlantic archipelagos of the azores, madeira, selvagens, the canary islands, and cape verde. the peculiar arid climatic conditions in some of these places have led to the development of marine salt exploitations, which can be counted among the hypersaline habitats of the brine shrimp artemia (branchiopoda, anostraca). parthenogenetic populations of this anostracan were described in the canary islands during the last de ... | 2012 | 23075404 |
| dechlorane-related compounds in franciscana dolphin (pontoporia blainvillei) from southeastern and southern coast of brazil. | concentrations of dechlorane (dec) 603 (0.75 ng/g lipid weight (lw); mean) and dec 602 (0.38 ng/g lw; mean) were quantified in more than 95% of the franciscana (pontoporia blainvillei) dolphin samples, whereas the frequency of detection decreased to 75% for dechlorane plus (dp) (1.53 ng/g lw, mean). the presence of chlordene plus (cp) was also observed (0.13 ng/g lw, mean) in half of the samples. on the contrary, dec 604, decachloropentacyclooctadecadiene (acl(10)dp), and undecachloropentacycloo ... | 2012 | 23016984 |
| chlorine disinfection by-products in wastewater effluent: bioassay-based assessment of toxicological impact. | the potential ecological impact of disinfection by-products (dbps) present in chlorinated wastewater effluents is not well understood. in this study, the chlorinated effluent of traditional wastewater treatment plants (wwtps) and advanced water reclamation plants (awrps) supplying highly-treated recycled water were analyzed for nitrosamines and trihalomethanes (thms), and a battery of bioassays conducted to assess effluent toxicity. an increase in general toxicity from dbps was revealed for all ... | 2012 | 22981491 |
| biochemical studies on sphingolipids of artemia franciscana: complex neutral glycosphingolipids. | brine shrimp are primitive crustacean arthropodal model organisms, second to daphnia, which can survive in high-salinity environments. their oviposited cysts, cuticle-covered diapausing eggs, are highly resistant to dryness. to elucidate specialties of brine shrimp, this study characterized glycosphingolipids, which are signal transduction-associated material. a group of novel and complex fucosyl glycosphingolipids were separated and identified from cysts of the brine shrimp artemia franciscana ... | 2013 | 22890904 |
| seasonal alterations of landfill leachate composition and toxic potency in semi-arid regions. | the present study investigates seasonal variations of leachate composition and its toxic potency on different species, such as the brine shrimp artemia franciscana (formerly artemia salina), the fairy shrimp thamnocephalus platyurus, the estuarine rotifer brachionus plicatilis and the microalgal flagellate dunaliella tertiolecta. in specific, leachate regularly collected from the municipal landfill site of aigeira (peloponissos, greece) during the year 2011, showed significant alterations of alm ... | 2012 | 22819480 |
| natural and anthropogenically-produced brominated compounds in endemic dolphins from western south atlantic: another risk to a vulnerable species. | liver samples from 53 franciscana dolphins along the brazilian coast were analyzed for organobrominated compounds. target substances included the following anthropogenic pollutants: polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes), polybrominated biphenyls (pbbs), pentabromoethylbenzene (pbeb), hexabromobenzene (hbb), decabromodiphenylethane (dbdpe), as well as the naturally-generated methoxylated-pbdes (meo-pbdes). pbde concentrations ranged from 6 to 1797 ng/g lw (mean 166 ± 298 ng/g lw) and were simila ... | 2012 | 22797349 |
| pyrethroids: a new threat to marine mammals? | the present study constitutes the first investigation to demonstrate pyrethroid bioaccumulation in marine mammals, despite the assumption that these insecticides are converted to non-toxic metabolites by hydrolysis in mammals. twelve pyrethroids were determined in liver samples from 23 male franciscana dolphins from brazil. the median concentration values for total pyrethroids were 7.04 and 68.4 ng/g lw in adults and calves, respectively. permethrin was the predominant compound, contributing for ... | 2012 | 22796891 |
| decoupling elongation and segmentation: notch involvement in anostracan crustacean segmentation. | repeated body segments are a key feature of arthropods. the formation of body segments occurs via distinct developmental pathways within different arthropod clades. although some species form their segments simultaneously without any accompanying measurable growth, most arthropods add segments sequentially from the posterior of the growing embryo or larva. the use of notch signaling is increasingly emerging as a common feature of sequential segmentation throughout the bilateria, as inferred from ... | 2012 | 22765208 |
| echolocation behavior of franciscana dolphins (pontoporia blainvillei) in the wild. | franciscana dolphins are small odontocetes hard to study in the field. in particular, little is known on their echolocation behavior in the wild. in this study we recorded 357 min and analyzed 1019 echolocation signals in the rio negro estuary, argentina. the clicks had a peak frequency at 139 khz, and a bandwidth of 19 khz, ranging from 130 to 149 khz. this is the first study describing echolocation signals of franciscana dolphins in the wild, showing the presence of narrow-band high frequency ... | 2012 | 22713020 |
| selected morphological changes in artemia franciscana after ionizing radiation exposure. | nauplii of artemia franciscana were irradiated by the doses of 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.5 kgy (60)co. dimensions of the body length, body width, intestine width, intestine epithelium width, and intestine lumen width, as well as the mutual ratios of dimensions were determined in 126 specimens. ratios of the body length/body width (3.98, 3.60, 3.59, and 3.45 vs. 4.13 of control group), and ratios of the intestine epithelium width/intestine lumen width (0.64, 0.52, 0.51, and 0.45 vs. 0.85 of control g ... | 2012 | 22673764 |
| recreating the seawater mixture composition of hocs in toxicity tests with artemia franciscana by passive dosing. | the toxicity testing of hydrophobic organic compounds (hocs) in aquatic media is generally challenging, and this is even more problematic for mixtures. the hydrophobic properties of these compounds make them difficult to dissolve, and subsequently to maintain constant exposure concentrations. evaporative and sorptive losses are highly compound-specific, which can alter not only total concentrations, but also the proportions between the compounds in the mixture. therefore, the general aim of this ... | 2012 | 22609739 |
| long-term lethal toxicity test with the crustacean artemia franciscana. | our research activities target the use of biological methods for the evaluation of environmental quality, with particular reference to saltwater/brackish water and sediment. the choice of biological indicators must be based on reliable scientific knowledge and, possibly, on the availability of standardized procedures. in this article, we present a standardized protocol that used the marine crustacean artemia to evaluate the toxicity of chemicals and/or of marine environmental matrices. scientist ... | 2012 | 22525984 |