| biodegradation of variable-chain-length n-alkanes in rhodococcus opacus r7 and the involvement of an alkane hydroxylase system in the metabolism. | rhodococcus opacus r7 is a gram-positive bacterium isolated from a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contaminated soil for its versatile metabolism; indeed the strain is able to grow on naphthalene, o-xylene, and several long- and medium-chain n-alkanes. in this work we determined the degradation of n-alkanes in rhodococcus opacus r7 in presence of n-dodecane (c12), n-hexadecane (c16), n-eicosane (c20), n-tetracosane (c24) and the metabolic pathway in presence of c12. the consumption rate of c12 w ... | 2014 | 25401074 |
| glycogenformation by rhodococcus species and the effect of inhibition of lipid biosynthesis on glycogen accumulation in rhodococcus opacus pd630. | members of the genus rhodococcus were investigated for their ability to produce glycogen during cultivation on gluconate or glucose. strains belonging to rhodococcus ruber, rhodococcus opacus, rhodococcus fascians, rhodococcus erythropolis and rhodococcus equi were able to produce glycogen up to 0.2–5.6% of cellular dry weight (cdw). the glycogen content varied from 0.8% to 3.2% of cdw in cells of r. opacus pd630, which is a well-known oleaginous bacterium, during the exponential growth phase, w ... | 2010 | 21069909 |
| homologous gene clusters of nicotine catabolism, including a new ?-amidase for a-ketoglutaramate, in species of three genera of gram-positive bacteria. | gram-positive soil bacteria arthrobacter nicotinovorans, nocardioides sp. js614 and rhodococcus opacus were shown to contain similarly organized clusters of homologous genes for nicotine catabolism. an uncharacterized gene of a predicted nitrilase within these gene clusters was cloned from a. nicotinovorans and biochemical data unexpectedly showed that the protein exhibited ?-amidase activity toward a-ketoglutaramate. structural modelling of the protein suggested the presence of the catalytic tr ... | 2011 | 21288482 |
| functional characterization and stability improvement of a 'thermophilic-like' ene-reductase from rhodococcus opacus 1cp. | ene-reductases (ers) are widely applied for the asymmetric synthesis of relevant industrial chemicals. a novel er oyero2 was found within a set of 14 putative old yellow enzymes (oyes) obtained by genome mining of the actinobacterium rhodococcus opacus 1cp. multiple sequence alignment suggested that the enzyme belongs to the group of 'thermophilic-like' oyes. oyero2 was produced in escherichia coli and biochemically characterized. the enzyme is strongly nadph dependent and uses non-covalently bo ... | 2015 | 26483784 |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray diffraction analysis of recombinant chlorocatechol 1,2-dioxygenase from pseudomonas putida. | chlorocatechol 1,2-dioxygenase from the gram-negative bacterium pseudomonas putida (pp 1,2-ccd) is considered to be an important biotechnological tool owing to its ability to process a broad spectrum of organic pollutants. in the current work, the crystallization, crystallographic characterization and phasing of the recombinant pp 1,2-ccd enzyme are described. reddish-brown crystals were obtained in the presence of polyethylene glycol and magnesium acetate by utilizing the vapour-diffusion techn ... | 2011 | 21505253 |
| improved xenobiotic-degrading activity of rhodococcus opacus strain 1cp after dormancy. | the goals of the present work were as follows: to obtain the dormant forms of r. opacus 1cp; to study the phenotypic variability during their germination; to compare phenotypic variants during the growth on selective and elective media; and to reveal changes in the ability of the strain to destruct xenobiotics that had not been degradable before dormancy. it was shown that rhodococcus opacus 1cp (the strain degrading chlorinated phenols) became able to utilize a broader spectrum of xenobiotics a ... | 2011 | 21749252 |
| Comparative and functional genomics of Rhodococcus opacus PD630 for biofuels development. | The Actinomycetales bacteria Rhodococcus opacus PD630 and Rhodococcus jostii RHA1 bioconvert a diverse range of organic substrates through lipid biosynthesis into large quantities of energy-rich triacylglycerols (TAGs). To describe the genetic basis of the Rhodococcus oleaginous metabolism, we sequenced and performed comparative analysis of the 9.27 Mb R. opacus PD630 genome. Metabolic-reconstruction assigned 2017 enzymatic reactions to the 8632 R. opacus PD630 genes we identified. Of these, 261 ... | 2011 | 21931557 |
| kinetics of interaction between substrates/substrate analogs and benzoate 1,2-dioxygenase from benzoate-degrading rhodococcus opacus 1cp. | benzoate 1,2-dioxygenase (bdo) of rhodococcus opacus 1cp, which carried out the initial attack on benzoate, was earlier shown to be the enzyme with a narrow substrate specificity. a kinetics of interaction between benzoate 1,2-dioxygenase and substituted benzoates was assessed taking into account the enlarged list of the type of inhibition and using whole cells grown on benzoate. the type of inhibition was determined and the constants of a reaction of bdo with benzoate in the presence of 2-chlor ... | 2017 | 28236176 |
| studies of cadmium(ii), lead(ii), nickel(ii), cobalt(ii) and chromium(vi) sorption on extracellular polymeric substances produced by rhodococcus opacus and rhodococcus rhodochrous. | the adsorption of cd(ii), pb(ii), ni(ii), co(ii) and cr(vi) ions on the extracellular polymeric substances (eps) obtained from bacterial strain rhodococcus opacus and rhodococcus rhodochrous was investigated by the static sorption method. influence of ph, time and temperature were studied. it was found that the influence of the ph value and time of adsorption depends on the type of adsorbed ions. for all investigated systems an increase of temperature above 35°c reduces adsorption. however, the ... | 2017 | 27888727 |
| [phenol degradation by rhodococcus opacus strain 1g]. | during cultivation in a liquid medium, the bacterium rhodococcus opacus 1g was capable of growing on phenol at a concentration of up to 0.75 g/l. immobilization of rhodococcus opacus 1g had a positive effect on cell growth in the presence of phenol at high concentrations. the substrate at concentrations of 1.0 and 1.5 g/l was completely utilized over 24 and 48 h, respectively. the key enzymes of phenol degradation (two pyrocatechol 1,2-dioxygenases and muconate cycloisomerase) were isolated. one ... | 2009 | 19235509 |
| production of α-ketoisocaproate via free-whole-cell biotransformation by rhodococcus opacus dsm 43250 with l-leucine as the substrate. | this work aims to produce α-ketoisocaproate (kic) from l-leucine via the free-whole-cell biotransformation of rhodococcus opacus dsm 43250. the effects of temperature, ph, substrate concentration, cell concentration, and rotating speed on kic production were examined. furthermore, the biotransformation conditions were optimized with response surface methodology (rsm). the optimal biotransformation conditions were as follows: temperature 43.7 °c, ph 8.4, l-leucine concentration 5.1g/l, cell conce ... | 2011 | 22112557 |
| isolation and diversity of natural product biosynthetic genes of cultivable bacteria associated with marine sponge mycale sp. from the coast of fujian, china. | the marine sponge mycale sp., a potential source of natural bioactive products, is widely distributed along the coast of fujian, china. the cultivable bacterial community associated with mycale sp., the antibacterial activities, and the pks (polyketide synthase) and nrps (nonribosomal peptide synthetase) gene diversity of these bacteria were investigated. phylogenetic analysis of the 16s rrna gene showed that the 51 isolates from mycale sp. belonged to actinobacteria, bacteroidetes, gammaproteob ... | 2014 | 24693980 |
| phenotype microarray analysis may unravel genetic determinants of the stress response by rhodococcus aetherivorans bcp1 and rhodococcus opacus r7. | in the present study, the response of rhodococcus aetherivorans bcp1 and rhodococcus opacus r7 to various stress conditions and several antimicrobials was examined by pm in relation with genetic determinants, as revealed by annotation analysis of the two genomes. comparison between metabolic activities and genetic features of bcp1 and r7 provided new insight into the environmental persistence of these two members of the genus rhodococcus. | 2017 | 27394988 |
| valorization of lubricant-based wastewater for bacterial neutral lipids production: growth-linked biosynthesis. | lipids produced by microorganisms are currently of great interest as raw material for either biofuels or oleochemicals production. significant biosynthesis of neutral lipids, such as triacylglycerol (tag) and wax esters (we) are thought to be limited to a few strains. hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria (hcb), key players in bioremediation of hydrocarbon contaminated ecosystems, are among this group of strains. hydrocarbon rich wastewaters have been overlooked concerning their potential as raw material ... | 2016 | 27244293 |
| toxicity of a polymer-graphene oxide composite against bacterial planktonic cells, biofilms, and mammalian cells. | it is critical to develop highly effective antimicrobial agents that are not harmful to humans and do not present adverse effects on the environment. although antimicrobial studies of graphene-based nanomaterials are still quite limited, some researchers have paid particular attention to such nanocomposites as promising candidates for the next generation of antimicrobial agents. the polyvinyl-n-carbazole (pvk)-graphene oxide (go) nanocomposite (pvk-go), which contains only 3 wt% of go well-dispe ... | 2012 | 22751735 |
| identification of the replication region of a 111-kb circular plasmid from rhodococcus opacus b-4 by λ red recombination-based deletion analysis. | the replication region of the 111-kb circular plasmid pknr from rhodococcus opacus b-4 was identified. a pcr-based deletion analysis using the λ red recombination technique followed by restriction digestion and pcr-amplification analyses revealed that a 2.5-kb fragment covering one putative open reading frame (orf) was involved in the replication of pknr. the product of this orf showed significant similarity to a functionally unknown protein encoded in the replication region of the 70-kb circula ... | 2012 | 23006580 |
| boosting fatty acid synthesis in rhodococcus opacus pd630 by overexpression of autologous thioesterases. | to explore the role of thioesterases in rhodococcus opacus pd630 by endogenously overexpression in this bacteria for increased lipid production. | 2016 | 26956236 |
| cloning, expression and characterization of a trehalose synthase gene from rhodococcus opacus. | trehalose is a unique disaccharide capable of protecting proteins against environmental stress. a novel trehalose synthase (tres) gene from rhodococcus opacus was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli top10 and bl21 (de3) plyss, respectively. the recombinant tres showed a molecular mass of 79 kda. thin layer chromatography (tlc) result suggested that this enzyme had the ability to catalyze the mutual conversion of maltose and trehalose. moreover, high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) ... | 2013 | 23512410 |
| engineering of a xylose metabolic pathway in rhodococcus strains. | the two metabolically versatile actinobacteria rhodococcus opacus pd630 and r. jostii rha1 can efficiently convert diverse organic substrates into neutral lipids mainly consisting of triacylglycerol (tag), the precursor of energy-rich hydrocarbon. neither, however, is able to utilize xylose, the important component present in lignocellulosic biomass, as the carbon source for growth and lipid accumulation. in order to broaden their substrate utilization range, the metabolic pathway of d-xylose ut ... | 2012 | 22636009 |
| the mycobacterial binuclear iron monooxygenases require a specific chaperonin-like protein for functional expression in a heterologous host. | the mimabcd gene clusters in mycobacterium smegmatis strain mc(2) 155 and mycobacterium goodii strain 12523 encode binuclear iron monooxygenases that oxidize propane and phenol. in this study, we attempted to express each mimabcd gene cluster in a heterologous host. the actinomycetous strain rhodococcus opacus b-4, which is phylogenetically close to mycobacterium, was selected as the host. each mimabcd gene cluster was cloned into the rhodococcus-escherichia coli shuttle vector, ptip-qc2, and th ... | 2013 | 23171424 |
| the atf2 gene is involved in triacylglycerol biosynthesis and accumulation in the oleaginous rhodococcus opacus pd630. | rhodococcus opacus pd630 is an oleaginous bacterium able to accumulate large amounts of triacylglycerols (tag) in different carbon sources. the last reaction for tag biosynthesis is catalyzed by the bifunctional wax ester synthase/acyl-coa:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (ws/dgat) enzymes encoded by atf genes. r. opacus pd630 possesses at least 17 putative atf homologous genes in its genome, but only atf1 and atf2 exhibited a significant dgat activity when expressed in e. coli, as revealed in a p ... | 2013 | 22926642 |
| recombinant expression of a unique chloromuconolactone dehalogenase clcf from rhodococcus opacus 1cp and identification of catalytically relevant residues by mutational analysis. | chloromuconolactone dehalogenase clcf plays a unique role in 3-chlorocatechol degradation by rhodococcus opacus 1cp by compensating the inability of its chloromuconate cycloisomerase clcb2 to dechlorinate the chemically stable cycloisomerization product (4r,5s)-5-chloromuconolactone (5cml). high sequence similarities showed relatedness of clcf to muconolactone isomerases (mlis, ec 5.3.3.4) of the 3-oxoadipate pathway. although both enzyme types share the ability to dechlorinate 5cml, comparison ... | 2012 | 22842338 |
| [detoxification of high concentrations of trinitrotoluene by bacteria]. | the ability of the strains-destructors of various aromatic compounds to utilize trinitrotoluene (tnt) up to concentration of 70 mg/1 was shown. an increase in the tnt concentration from 100 to 150 mg/1 did not inhibit its conversion rate by the kocuria palustris rs32 strain. the acinetobacter sp. vt 11 strain utilized tnt as a sole substrate for growth; 3,5-dinitro-4-methyl anilide acetate and 2,6-dinitro-4-aminotoluene were identified as intermediates of tnt degradation by active strains of pse ... | 2012 | 22567882 |
| pyrolysis oil-based lipid production as biodiesel feedstock by rhodococcus opacus. | light oil from pyrolysis, which accounts for ∼10 % carbon yield of the starting biomass, is a complex aqueous product that is difficult to utilize and usually discarded. this work presents the feasibility of light oil as a sole carbon source to support the growth of rhodococcus opacus (r. opacus) that in turn accumulate triacylglycerols as biodiesel feedstock. two types of bacteria (r. opacus pd630 and dsm 1069) were selected in this study. research results showed that after short adaption perio ... | 2015 | 25377250 |
| physiological and genetic differences amongst rhodococcus species for using glycerol as a source for growth and triacylglycerol production. | we analysed the ability of five different rhodococcal species to grow and produce triacylglycerols (tags) from glycerol, the main byproduct of biodiesel production. rhodococcus fascians and rhodococcus erythropolis grew fast on glycerol, whereas rhodococcus opacus and rhodococcus jostii exhibited a prolonged lag phase of several days before growing. rhodococcus equi only exhibited poor growth on glycerol. r. erythropolis dsmz 43060 and r. fascians f7 produced 3.9-4.3 g cell biomass l(-1) and 28. ... | 2016 | 26732874 |
| rhodococcus defluvii sp. nov., isolated from wastewater of a bioreactor and formal proposal to reclassify [corynebacterium hoagii] and rhodococcus equi as rhodococcus hoagii comb. nov. | a gram-stain-positive, non-endospore-forming rod-shaped bacterium, strain ca11(t), was isolated from a bioreactor with extensive phosphorus removal and was studied in detail for its taxonomic allocation. 16s rrna gene sequence analysis revealed closest sequence similarity of the strain to type strains of [corynebacterium hoagii] and rhodococcus equi (98.9%), rhodococcus koreensis and rhodococcus wratislaviensis (both 98.4%), rhodococcus opacus and rhodococcus canchipurensis (both 98.0%) followed ... | 2014 | 24198057 |
| isolation and characterization of a thermotolerant ene reductase from geobacillus sp. 30 and its heterologous expression in rhodococcus opacus. | rhodococcus opacus b-4 cells are adhesive to and even dispersible in water-immiscible hydrocarbons owing to their highly lipophilic nature. in this study, we focused on the high operational stability of thermophilic enzymes and applied them to a biocatalytic conversion in an organic reaction medium using r. opacus b-4 as a lipophilic capsule of enzymes to deliver them into the organic medium. a novel thermo- and organic-solvent-tolerant ene reductase, which can catalyze the enantioselective redu ... | 2014 | 24927695 |
| killing of mycolic acid-containing bacteria aborted induction of antibiotic production by streptomyces in combined-culture. | co-culture of streptomyces with mycolic acid-containing bacteria (macb), which we termed "combined-culture," alters the secondary metabolism pattern in streptomyces and has been a useful method for the discovery of bioactive natural products. in the course of our investigation to identify the inducing factor(s) of macb, we previously observed that production of pigments in streptomyces lividans was not induced by factors such as culture extracts or mycolic acids. although dynamic changes occurre ... | 2015 | 26544713 |
| comparative genomics and metabolic analysis reveals peculiar characteristics of rhodococcus opacus strain m213 particularly for naphthalene degradation. | the genome of rhodococcus opacus strain m213, isolated from a fuel-oil contaminated soil, was sequenced and annotated which revealed a genome size of 9,194,165 bp encoding 8680 putative genes and a g+c content of 66.72%. among the protein coding genes, 71.77% were annotated as clusters of orthologous groups of proteins (cogs); 55% of the cogs were present as paralog clusters. pulsed field gel electrophoresis (pfge) analysis of m213 revealed the presence of three different sized replicons- a circ ... | 2016 | 27532207 |
| comparative transcriptomics elucidates adaptive phenol tolerance and utilization in lipid-accumulating rhodococcus opacus pd630. | lignin-derived (e.g. phenolic) compounds can compromise the bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass to fuels and chemicals due to their toxicity and recalcitrance. the lipid-accumulating bacterium rhodococcus opacus pd630 has recently emerged as a promising microbial host for lignocellulose conversion to value-added products due to its natural ability to tolerate and utilize phenolics. to gain a better understanding of its phenolic tolerance and utilization mechanisms, we adaptively evolved r. ... | 2016 | 26837573 |
| tolerance and adaptive evolution of triacylglycerol-producing rhodococcus opacus to lignocellulose-derived inhibitors. | lignocellulosic biomass has been investigated as a renewable non-food source for production of biofuels. a significant technical challenge to using lignocellulose is the presence of microbial growth inhibitors generated during pretreatment processes. triacylglycerols (tags) are potential precursors for lipid-based biofuel production. rhodococcus opacus mitxm-61 is an oleaginous bacterium capable of producing large amounts of tags on high concentrations of glucose and xylose present in lignocellu ... | 2015 | 26052344 |
| integrated omics study delineates the dynamics of lipid droplets in rhodococcus opacus pd630. | rhodococcus opacus strain pd630 (r. opacus pd630), is an oleaginous bacterium, and also is one of few prokaryotic organisms that contain lipid droplets (lds). ld is an important organelle for lipid storage but also intercellular communication regarding energy metabolism, and yet is a poorly understood cellular organelle. to understand the dynamics of ld using a simple model organism, we conducted a series of comprehensive omics studies of r. opacus pd630 including complete genome, transcriptome ... | 2014 | 24150943 |
| changing the electron donor improves azoreductase dye degrading activity at neutral ph. | the oxygen-insensitive azoreductase azoro originating from rhodococcus opacus 1cp was found to be most active at low ph (ca. 4) and high temperature (ca. 50°c). azoro is not an efficient biocatalyst when used at low ph due to stability problems. to overcome this issue, we discovered that azoro accepts an alternative electron donor, 1-benzyl-1,4-dihydronicotinamide (bnah), which allows fast turnover at neutral ph. in order to screen this nicotinamide coenzyme mimic as a source of electrons, azoro ... | 2017 | 28284307 |
| functional expression and characterization of five wax ester synthases in saccharomyces cerevisiae and their utility for biodiesel production. | wax ester synthases (wss) can synthesize wax esters from alcohols and fatty acyl coenzyme a thioesters. the knowledge of the preferred substrates for each ws allows the use of yeast cells for the production of wax esters that are high-value materials and can be used in a variety of industrial applications. the products of wss include fatty acid ethyl esters, which can be directly used as biodiesel. | 2012 | 22364438 |
| pao1 of arthrobacter nicotinovorans and the spread of catabolic traits by horizontal gene transfer in gram-positive soil bacteria. | the 165-kb megaplasmid pao1 of arthrobacter nicotinovorans carries two large gene clusters, one involved in nicotine catabolism (nic-gene cluster) and one in carbohydrate utilization (ch-gene cluster). here, we propose that both gene clusters were acquired by a. nicotinovorans by horizontal gene transfer mediated by pao1. protein-protein blast search showed that none of the published arthrobacter genomes contains nic-genes, but rhodococcus opacus carries on its chromosome a nic-gene cluster high ... | 2013 | 23884627 |
| adaptive response of rhodococcus opacus pwd4 to salt and phenolic stress on the level of mycolic acids. | mycolata form a group of gram-positive bacteria with unique cell envelope structures that are known for their high tolerance against antibiotics and both aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons. an important part of the unique surface structure of the mycolata is the presence of long chain α-alkyl-β-hydroxy fatty acids, the mycolic acids. in order to investigate the adaptive changes in the mycolic acid composition, we investigated the composition of mycolic acids during the response both to osmotic ... | 2016 | 27620730 |
| rhodococcus opacus b4: a promising bacterium for production of biofuels and biobased chemicals. | bacterial lipids have relevant applications in the production of renewable fuels and biobased oleochemicals. the genus rhodococcus is one of the most relevant lipid producers due to its capability to accumulate those compounds, mainly triacylglycerols (tag), when cultivated on different defined substrates, namely sugars, organic acids and hydrocarbons but also on complex carbon sources present in industrial wastes. in this work, the production of storage lipids by rhodococcus opacus b4 using glu ... | 2016 | 27179529 |
| benzoate degradation by rhodococcus opacus 1cp after dormancy: characterization of dioxygenases involved in the process. | the process of benzoate degradation by strain rhodococcus opacus 1cp after a five-year dormancy was investigated and its peculiarities were revealed. the strain was shown to be capable of growth on benzoate at a concentration of up to 10 g l(-1). the substrate specificity of benzoate dioxygenase (bdo) during the culture growth on a medium with a low (200-250 mg l(-1)) and high (4 g l(-1)) concentration of benzoate was assessed. bdo of r. opacus 1cp was shown to be an extremely narrow specificity ... | 2016 | 26669259 |
| genome and phenotype microarray analyses of rhodococcus sp. bcp1 and rhodococcus opacus r7: genetic determinants and metabolic abilities with environmental relevance. | in this paper comparative genome and phenotype microarray analyses of rhodococcus sp. bcp1 and rhodococcus opacus r7 were performed. rhodococcus sp. bcp1 was selected for its ability to grow on short-chain n-alkanes and r. opacus r7 was isolated for its ability to grow on naphthalene and on o-xylene. results of genome comparison, including bcp1, r7, along with other rhodococcus reference strains, showed that at least 30% of the genome of each strain presented unique sequences and only 50% of the ... | 2015 | 26426997 |
| establishment of cellobiose utilization for lipid production in rhodococcus opacus pd630. | rhodococcus opacus pd630, which is known for its ability to accumulate large amounts of triacylglycerols (tag), was metabolically engineered, and a cellobiose utilization pathway was introduced. activities of β-glucosidases were determined, and recombinant strains accumulated fatty acids up to 39.5 ± 5.7% (wt/wt) of cell dry mass from cellobiose. | 2013 | 23435878 |
| construction of a biobrick™ compatible vector system for rhodococcus. | throughout the past decade, the field of synthetic biology has grown rapidly. by using assembly platforms such as biobricks™, scientists can quickly and easily build gene circuits or multi-step pathways. one limitation, however, is that most of these parts were designed and characterized with escherichia coli as the target chassis. as a consequence, there exists a lack of standardized and well characterized or biobrick™ compatible plasmid backbones that replicate in other potential non-model cha ... | 2017 | 28130036 |
| rapid metabolic analysis of rhodococcus opacus pd630 via parallel 13c-metabolite fingerprinting. | for rapid analysis of microbial metabolisms, (13)c-fingerprinting employs a set of tracers to generate unique labeling patterns in key amino acids that can highlight active pathways. in contrast to rigorous (13)c-metabolic flux analysis ((13)c-mfa), this method aims to provide metabolic insights without expensive flux measurements. using (13)c-fingerprinting, we investigated the metabolic pathways in rhodococcus opacus pd630, a promising biocatalyst for the conversion of lignocellulosic feedstoc ... | 2016 | 26174624 |
| overexpression of a phosphatidic acid phosphatase type 2 leads to an increase in triacylglycerol production in oleaginous rhodococcus strains. | oleaginous rhodococcus strains are able to accumulate large amounts of triacylglycerol (tag). phosphatidic acid phosphatase (pap) enzyme catalyzes the dephosphorylation of phosphatidic acid (pa) to yield diacylglycerol (dag), a key precursor for tag biosynthesis. studies to establish its role in lipid metabolism have been mainly focused in eukaryotes but not in bacteria. in this work, we identified and characterized a putative pap type 2 (pap2) encoded by the ro00075 gene in rhodococcus jostii r ... | 2015 | 25213912 |
| microbial lipid production by oleaginous rhodococci cultured in lignocellulosic autohydrolysates. | metabolic synthesis of single cell oils (scos) for biodiesel application by heterotrophic oleaginous microorganisms is being hampered by the high cost of culture media. this study investigated the possibility of using loblolly pine and sweetgum autohydrolysates as economic feedstocks for microbial lipid production by oleaginous rhodococcus opacus (r. opacus) pd630 and dsm 1069. results revealed that when the substrates were detoxified by the removal of inhibitors (such as hmf-hydroxymethyl-furfu ... | 2015 | 26142385 |
| lignocellulose-derived inhibitors improve lipid extraction from wet rhodococcus opacus cells. | extracting lipids from oleaginous microbial cells in a cost effective and environmentally compatible manner remains a critical challenge in developing manufacturing paradigms for advanced liquid biofuels. in this study, a new approach using microbial growth inhibitors from lignocellulose-derived feedstocks was used to extract lipids efficiently from wet cell mass of the oleaginous bacterium rhodococcus opacus mitxm-61. nine common lignocellulose-derived inhibitors for treatment of cells prior to ... | 2015 | 26141279 |
| engineering l-arabinose metabolism in triacylglycerol-producing rhodococcus opacus for lignocellulosic fuel production. | advanced biofuels from lignocellulosic biomass have been considered as a potential solution for the issues of energy sustainability and environmental protection. triacylglycerols (tags) are potential precursors for the production of lipid-based liquid biofuels. rhodococcus opacus pd630 can accumulate large amounts of tags when grown under physiological conditions of high carbon and low nitrogen. however, r. opacus pd630 does not utilize the sugar l-arabinose present in lignocellulosic hydrolysat ... | 2015 | 25936337 |
| improved glycerol utilization by a triacylglycerol-producing rhodococcus opacus strain for renewable fuels. | glycerol generated during renewable fuel production processes is potentially an attractive substrate for the production of value-added materials by fermentation. an engineered strain mitxm-61 of the oleaginous bacterium rhodococcus opacus produces large amounts of intracellular triacylglycerols (tags) for lipid-based biofuels on high concentrations of glucose and xylose. however, on glycerol medium, mitxm-61 does not produce tags and grows poorly. the aim of the present work was to construct a t ... | 2015 | 25763105 |
| [adaptation of coimmobilized rhodococcus cells to oil hydrocarbons in a column bioreactor]. | the possible adaptation of the association of rhodococcus ruber and rhodococcus opacus strains immobilized on modified sawdust to oil hydrocarbons in a column bioreactor was investigated. in the bioreactor, the bacterial population showed higher hydrocarbon and antibiotic resistance accompanied by the changes in cell surface properties (hydrophobicity, electrokinetic potential) and in the content of cellular lipids and biosurfactants. the possibility of using adapted rhodococcus strains for the ... | 2015 | 25757338 |
| gene redundancy of two-component (chloro)phenol hydroxylases in rhodococcus opacus 1cp. | among other factors, a distinct gene redundancy is discussed to facilitate high metabolic versatility of rhodococci. rhodococcus opacus 1cp is a typical member in that respect and degrades a multitude of (chlorinated) aromatic compounds. in contrast to the central pathways of aromatic degradation in strain 1cp, little is known about the degree of gene redundancy and to what extent this is reflected on protein level within the steps of peripheral degradation. by means of degenerated primers deduc ... | 2014 | 25283988 |
| functional divergence of hbha from mycobacterium tuberculosis and its evolutionary relationship with tada from rhodococcus opacus. | rhodococcus opacus pd630 and rhodococcus jostii rha1 are oleaginous bacteria able to synthesize and accumulate triacylglycerols (tag) in lipid bodies (lb). highly relevant to the structure of lb is a protein homologous to heparin-binding hemagglutinin (hbha) (called tada in rhodococci), which is a virulence factor found in mycobacterium tuberculosis. hbha is an adhesin involved in binding to non-phagocytic cells and extrapulmonary dissemination. we observed a conserved synteny of three genes enc ... | 2016 | 27287527 |
| structural basis for the substrate specificity and the absence of dehalogenation activity in 2-chloromuconate cycloisomerase from rhodococcus opacus 1cp. | 2-chloromuconate cycloisomerase from the gram-positive bacterium rhodococcus opacus 1cp (rho-2-cmci) is an enzyme of a modified ortho-pathway, in which 2-chlorophenol is degraded using 3-chlorocatechol as the central intermediate. in general, the chloromuconate cycloisomerases catalyze not only the cycloisomerization, but also the process of dehalogenation of the chloromuconate to dienelactone. however rho-2-cmci, unlike the homologous enzymes from the gram-negative bacteria, is very specific fo ... | 2014 | 24768773 |
| genome sequence of rhodococcus opacus strain r7, a biodegrader of mono- and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. | rhodococcus opacus strain r7 (cip107348) degrades several mono- and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. here, we present the high-quality draft genome sequence of strain r7, consisting of 10,118,052 bp, with a g+c content of 67.0%, 9,602 protein-coding genes, and 62 rnas genes. | 2014 | 25146139 |
| chloromuconolactone dehalogenase clcf of actinobacteria. | this work investigated the distribution of the clcf gene in actinobacteria isolated from different ecotopes. the gene encodes chloromuconolactone dehalogenase (cmld) clcf, the enzyme found to date in only one representative of gram-positive bacteria, rhodococcus opacus 1cp, adapted to 2-chlorophenol (2cp). using primers specific to the clcf gene, from the dna matrix of rhodococcal strains closely related to species rhodococcus wratislaviensis (p1, p12, p13, p20, g10, kt112, kt723, bo1) we obtain ... | 2014 | 24762180 |
| cultivation of lipid-producing bacteria with lignocellulosic biomass: effects of inhibitory compounds of lignocellulosic hydrolysates. | lignocellulosic biomass has been recognized as a promising feedstock for the fermentative production of biofuel. however, the pretreatment of lignocellulose generates a number of by-products, such as furfural, 5-hydroxylmethyl furfural (5-hmf), vanillin, vanillic acids and trans-p-coumaric acid (tpca), which are known to inhibit microbial growth. this research explores the ability of rhodococcus opacus pd630 to use lignocellulosic biomass for production of triacylglycerols (tags), a common lipid ... | 2014 | 24698742 |
| triacylglycerol accumulation and oxidative stress in rhodococcus species: differential effects of pro-oxidants on lipid metabolism. | in general, members of rhodococcus genus are highly resistant to desiccation. desiccation is a complex process which includes the formation of reactive oxygen species that results in significant damage to cells. in this study, we demonstrate that extremophile actinobacterial strains isolated from diverse environments, mainly belonging to rhodococcus genus, exhibited high tolerance to the pro-oxidants hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) and methyl viologen (mv). in addition, we investigated the possible int ... | 2014 | 24420608 |
| the rhodococcus opacus tadd protein mediates triacylglycerol metabolism by regulating intracellular nad(p)h pools. | the gram-positive actinomycete rhodococcus opacus is widely studied for its innate ability to store large amounts of carbon in the form of triacylglycerol (tag). several groups have demonstrated that r. opacus pd630 is capable of storing anywhere from 50 to 76% of its cell dry weight as tag. while numerous studies have focused on phenomenological aspects of this process, few have sought to identify the underlying molecular and biochemical mechanisms responsible for the biosynthesis and storage o ... | 2013 | 24209886 |
| engineering xylose metabolism in triacylglycerol-producing rhodococcus opacus for lignocellulosic fuel production. | there has been a great deal of interest in fuel productions from lignocellulosic biomass to minimize the conflict between food and fuel use. the bioconversion of xylose, which is the second most abundant sugar present after glucose in lignocellulosic biomass, is important for the development of cost effective bioprocesses to fuels. rhodococcus opacus pd630, an oleaginous bacterium, accumulates large amounts of triacylglycerols (tags), which can be processed into advanced liquid fuels. however, r ... | 2013 | 24041310 |
| genomic organisation, activity and distribution analysis of the microbial putrescine oxidase degradation pathway. | the catalytic action of putrescine specific amine oxidases acting in tandem with 4-aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase is explored as a degradative pathway in rhodococcus opacus. by limiting the nitrogen source, increased catalytic activity was induced leading to a coordinated response in the oxidative deamination of putrescine to 4-aminobutyraldehyde and subsequent dehydrogenation to 4-aminobutyrate. isolating the dehydrogenase by ion exchange chromatography and gel filtration revealed that the en ... | 2013 | 23906496 |
| dioxygenases of chlorobiphenyl-degrading species rhodococcus wratislaviensis g10 and chlorophenol-degrading species rhodococcus opacus 1cp induced in benzoate-grown cells and genes potentially involved in these processes. | dioxygenases induced during benzoate degradation by the actinobacterium rhodococcus wratislaviensis g10 strain degrading haloaromatic compounds were studied. rhodococcus wratislaviensis g10 completely degraded 2 g/liter benzoate during 30 h and 10 g/liter during 200 h. washed cells grown on benzoate retained respiration activity for more than 90 days, and a high activity of benzoate dioxygenase was recorded for 10 days. compared to the enzyme activities with benzoate, the activity of benzoate di ... | 2016 | 27682171 |
| production of carotenoids and lipids by rhodococcus opacus pd630 in batch and fed-batch culture. | production of carotenoids by rhodococcus opacus pd630 is reported. a modified mineral salt medium formulated with glycerol as an inexpensive carbon source was used for the fermentation. ammonium acetate was the nitrogen source. a dry cell mass concentration of nearly 5.4 g/l could be produced in shake flasks with a carotenoid concentration of 0.54 mg/l. in batch culture in a 5 l bioreactor, without ph control, the maximum dry biomass concentration was ~30 % lower than in shake flasks and the car ... | 2017 | 27646907 |
| saccharification of cellulose by recombinant rhodococcus opacus pd630 strains. | the noncellulolytic actinomycete rhodococcus opacus strain pd630 is the model oleaginous prokaryote with regard to the accumulation and biosynthesis of lipids, which serve as carbon and energy storage compounds and can account for as much as 87% of the dry mass of the cell in this strain. in order to establish cellulose degradation in r. opacus pd630, we engineered strains that episomally expressed six different cellulase genes from cellulomonas fimi atcc 484 (cenabc, cex, cbha) and thermobifida ... | 2013 | 23793636 |
| simultaneous species-specific pcr detection and viability testing of poly(vinyl alcohol) cryogel-entrapped rhodococcus spp. after their exposure to petroleum hydrocarbons. | a method of simultaneous species-specific pcr detection and viability testing of poly(vinyl alcohol) cryogel-entrapped rhodococcus spp. was developed that allowed the estimation of immobilized rhodococcus opacus and rhodococcus ruber survival after their exposure to petroleum hydrocarbon mixture. spectrophotometric int assay revealed high tolerance of gel-immobilized rhodococci to petroleum hydrocarbons, while among two rhodococcus strains studied, r. ruber tolerated better to hydrocarbons compa ... | 2013 | 23747656 |
| role of amine oxidase expression to maintain putrescine homeostasis in rhodococcus opacus. | while applications of amine oxidases are increasing, few have been characterised and our understanding of their biological role and strategies for bacteria exploitation are limited. by altering the nitrogen source (nh4cl, putrescine and cadaverine (diamines) and butylamine (monoamine)) and concentration, we have identified a constitutive flavin dependent oxidase (ec 1.4.3.10) within rhodococcus opacus. the activity of this oxidase can be increased by over two orders of magnitude in the presence ... | 2013 | 23540932 |
| crystal structure and catalytic mechanism of chloromuconolactone dehalogenase clcf from rhodococcus opacus 1cp. | the actinobacterium rhodococcus opacus 1cp possesses a so far unique variant of the modified 3-oxoadipate pathway for 3-chlorocatechol degradation. one important feature is the novel dehalogenase clcf, which converts (4r,5s)-5-chloromuconolactone to e-dienelactone. clcf is related to muconolactone isomerase (mli, ec 5.3.3.4). the enzyme has a ferredoxin-type fold and forms a homodecamer of 52-symmetry, typical for the mli family. the active site is formed by residues from two monomers. the compl ... | 2013 | 23421784 |
| trehalose phosphate synthases otsa1 and otsa2 of rhodococcus opacus 1cp. | rhodococcus opacus 1cp produces trehalose dinocardiomycolates during growth on long-chained n-alkanes. trehalose and trehalose-6-phosphate, which are synthesized via the otsab pathway, are probable intermediates in the biosynthesis of these biosurfactants. by molecular genetic screening for trehalose-6-phosphate synthases (tpss and otsas), two chromosomal fragments of strain 1cp were obtained. each contained an orf whose amino acid sequence showed high similarity to tpss. to prove the activity o ... | 2013 | 23398506 |
| x-ray crystallographic and molecular docking studies on a unique chloromuconolactone dehalogenase from rhodococcus opacus 1cp. | 5-chloromuconolactone dehalogenase (5-cmld) is a unique enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of 5-chloromuconolactone into cis-dienelactone in the new modified ortho-pathway of the 3-chlorocatechol degradation by rhodococcus opacus 1cp. in all other known chlorocatechol pathways the dehalogenation is a spontaneous secondary reaction of the unstable chloromuconate intermediate following the lactonization process catalyzed by the muconate cycloisomerases. the crystallographic structure of the deca ... | 2013 | 23376735 |
| x-ray structures of 4-chlorocatechol 1,2-dioxygenase adducts with substituted catechols: new perspectives in the molecular basis of intradiol ring cleaving dioxygenases specificity. | the crystallographic structures of 4-chlorocatechol 1,2-dioxygenase (4-ccd) complexes with 3,5-dichlorocatechol, protocatechuate (3,4-dihydroxybenzoate), hydroxyquinol (benzen-1,2,4-triol) and pyrogallol (benzen-1,2,3-triol), which act as substrates or inhibitors of the enzyme, have been determined and analyzed. 4-ccd from the gram-positive bacterium rhodococcus opacus 1cp is a fe(iii) ion containing enzyme specialized in the aerobic biodegradation of chlorocatechols. the structures of the 4-ccd ... | 2013 | 23261399 |
| [3-hydroxybenzoate and 2,5-dihydroxybenzoate metabolism in rhodococcus opacus 1cp strain]. | | 2016 | 22880393 |
| one-component styrene monooxygenases: an evolutionary view on a rare class of flavoproteins. | styrene monooxygenases (smos) are catalysts for the enantioselective epoxidation of terminal alkenes. most representatives comprise a reductase and a monooxygenase which are encoded by separate genes (stya, styb). only six presumed self-sufficient one-component smos (stya2b) have previously been submitted to databases, and one has so far been characterized. stya2b can be supported by another epoxidase (stya1) encoded by stya1, a gene in direct neighborhood of stya2b. the present report describes ... | 2012 | 22528652 |
| optimization of macroelement concentrations, ph and osmolarity for triacylglycerol accumulation in rhodococcus opacus strain pd630. | the refinement of biodiesel or renewable diesel from bacterial lipids has a great potential to make a contribution for energy production in the future. this study provides new data concerning suitable nutrient concentrations for cultivation of the gram-positive rhodococcus opacus pd630, which is able to accumulate large amounts of lipids during nitrogen limitation. enhanced concentrations of magnesium have been shown to increase the final optical density and the lipid content of the cells. eleva ... | 2013 | 23855965 |