| experimental infection of laboratory mice and rabbits with several isolates of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato; comparison of antigens from different genospecies in serological measurement of immune responses. | infectivity of and immune responses to 28 finnish borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato isolates was studied in 3-4-week-old outbred nmri and inbred balb/c/hy laboratory mice; rabbits were also inoculated. twenty-one isolates were found to detectably infect mice. a variation among isolates in degree of infectivity was observed. higher infection rate and higher average elisa readings were recorded for intradermal than intraperitoneal inoculations. the results suggest differences between borrelia genosp ... | 2002 | 11848128 |
| detection of borrelia afzelii, borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, borrelia garinii and group vs116 by pcr in skin biopsies of patients with erythema migrans and acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans. | objective: to evaluate the diagnostic performance of two polymerase chain reaction (pcr) procedures using skin biopsies of 20 erythema migrans (em) and 24 acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans (aca) patients. methods: one assay amplified a fragment of the outer surface protein (osp) a gene. the second method amplified the spacer region between the 5s and 23s rrna genes; hybridization of this fragment allowed identification of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species. results: among em patients, bot ... | 1997 | 11864084 |
| acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans and serologic confirmation of infection due to borrelia afzelii and/or borrelia garinii by immunoblot. | | 1998 | 11864312 |
| interpretation of immunoblots for lyme borreliosis using a semiquantitative approach. | objective: to test the performances of new borrelia garinii immunoblots specific for borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato with a selected panel of sera from patients with various clinical presentations of lyme borreliosis. methods: in order to establish the sensitivity and the specificity of these immunoblots, we tested serum samples obtained from patients with early- and late-stage lyme disease (erythema migrans n=35, neuroborreliosis n=61, acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans (aca) n=27 and arthriti ... | 1998 | 11864327 |
| lyme disease and current aspects of immunization. | lyme disease is a tick-borne multisystem disease that affects primarily the skin, nervous system, heart and joints. at least three species of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, namely borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, borrelia garinii, and borrelia afzelii, can cause the disease. this review will focus mainly on the pathophysiology of lyme arthritis, the long-term outcome of lyme disease, and the recently licensed vaccine against lyme disease. | 2002 | 11879534 |
| [borrelia strains that cause erythema migrans in alsace, france]. | in europe, borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, borrelia afzelii and borrelia garinii are known as pathogens among the borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato group. since it is not yet known which borrelia are responsible for lyme borreliosis in france, the objective of this study was to identify the species of borrelia responsible for erythema migrans in the region of alsace, france. | 2002 | 11937923 |
| [a patient with neuroborreliosis presenting gadolinium-enhanced mri lesions in bilateral facial nerves]. | we report a 33-year-old man with bilateral facial paralysis due to neuroborreliosis. about three weeks after rhinorrhea and fever lasting four days, he noticed fatigue in the legs and paresthesia in all four extremities. another week later, he developed paresthesia in his tongue and bilateral facial muscle weakness, and was admitted to our hospital. on admission, neurological examination revealed moderate bilateral facial muscle weakness, mild paresthesia in the tongue and four extremities, and ... | 2001 | 11968752 |
| dna microarray assessment of putative borrelia burgdorferi lipoprotein genes. | a dna microarray containing fragments of 137 borrelia burgdorferi b31 putative lipoprotein genes was used to examine lyme disease spirochetes. dna from b. burgdorferi sensu stricto b31, 297, and n40; borrelia garinii ip90; and borrelia afzelii p/gau was fluorescently labeled and hybridized to the microarray, demonstrating the degree to which the individual putative lipoprotein genes were conserved among the genospecies. these data show that a dna microarray can globally examine the genes encodin ... | 2002 | 12011030 |
| bacterial proteomics and vaccine development. | until recently, the development of vaccines for use in humans relied on the response to attenuated or whole-cell preparations, or empirically selected antigens. the post-genomic era holds the possibility of rational design of novel vaccines for important human pathogens. the discovery and development of these new vaccines is likely to be accomplished through integrated proteomic strategies. although most proteomic studies are based on two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2d-page) as a separation ... | 2002 | 12083954 |
| horses and borrelia: immunoblot patterns with five borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato strains and sera from horses of various stud farms in austria and from the spanish riding school in vienna. | grazing animals are continuously exposed to tick bites. consequently, one may expect that horses will become infected with the various pathogens carried by ticks including borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. whether horses may develop clinical disease due to this pathogen is controversially discussed. we were interested to learn about the infection of horses with borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato within one season by studying the dynamics of the humoral immune response in paired blood samples. the ma ... | 2002 | 12141766 |
| cloning of the gene encoding the decorin-binding protein b (dbpb) in borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and characterisation of the antibody responses to dbpb in lyme borreliosis. | a genome walking technique was applied to borrelial dna to clone the gene encoding decorin-binding protein b (dbpb) in borrelia garinii and b. afzelii. sequence analysis showed 62-67% identity of the predicted amino acid sequences of dbpb between the b. afzelii and b. garinii strains and b. burgdorferi sensu stricto. within subspecies, the sequences were 99-100% identical. the respective recombinant dbpbs (rdbpbs) were produced and tested as antigens in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elis ... | 2002 | 12171294 |
| in vitro culture of borrelia garinii results in loss of flagella and decreased invasiveness. | a virulent, low-passage culture of a tick-derived strain of borrelia garinii was subjected to serial in vitro passages, from which inoculations were made into c3h/hen mice. a full display of pathogenicity was observed through passage 4, as measured by cultures of ear punch biopsy samples and internal organs and determination of tibiotarsal joint swelling. decreased dissemination through skin and infection of internal organs were observed beginning at passage 6. these losses correlated with both ... | 2002 | 12183529 |
| seronegative lyme arthritis caused by borrelia garinii. | a case of a female patient suffering from lyme arthritis (la) without elevated antibody levels to borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato is reported. seronegative lyme arthritis was diagnosed based on the classic clinical manifestations and dna-detected borrelia garinii in blood and synovial fluid of the patient, after all other possible causes of the disease had been ruled out. the disease was resistant to the first treatment with antibacterial agents. six months after the therapy, arthritis still per ... | 2002 | 12189466 |
| [use of western-immunoblotting to determine serum igg-antibodies to antigens of different genotypes of borrelia--borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, borrelia afzelii, and borrelia garinii]. | the reaction of the sera from 86 patients with lyme borreliosis was evaluated in the immunoblotting using three genotypes of pathogenic borrelia strains. the russian isolates of borrelia afzelii (strain ip3) and b. garinii 20047t (strain ip90) were compared with the usa typical strain b31--b. burgdorferi sensu stricto. the results were assessed by the criteria recommended for the usa and developed for b. burgdorferi sensu stricto. certain differences were shown in the reactions of serum igg with ... | 2002 | 12214528 |
| development and laboratory evaluation of a new recombinant elisa for the serodiagnosis of lyme disease. | the use of recombinant proteins for serologic testing represents a modern approach for the improved laboratory diagnosis of lyme disease (ld). the aim of the present study was to develop and evaluate a new recombinant elisa (re) for the detection of specific igg and igm antibodies against borrelia burgdorferi. | 2002 | 12422605 |
| strain typing of borrelia burgdorferi, borrelia afzelii, and borrelia garinii by using multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis. | human lyme borreliosis (lb) is the most prevalent arthropod-borne infection in temperate climate zones around the world and is caused by borrelia spirochetes. we have identified 10 variable-number tandem repeat (vntr) loci present within the genome of borrelia burgdorferi and subsequently developed a multiple-locus vntr analysis (mlva) typing system for this disease agent. we report here the successful application of mlva for strain discrimination among a group of 41 globally diverse borrelia is ... | 2002 | 12454161 |
| apodemus species mice are reservoir hosts of borrelia garinii ospa serotype 4 in switzerland. | among borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato isolates, seven outer surface protein a (ospa) serotypes have been described: serotypes 1 and 2 correspond to b. burgdorferi sensu stricto and borrelia afzelii, respectively, and serotypes 3 to 7 correspond to borrelia garinii. in europe, serotype 4 has never been isolated from ixodes ricinus ticks until recently, although this serotype has been frequently isolated from cerebrospinal fluid from patients. in europe, b. afzelii and b. burgdorferi sensu stricto ... | 2002 | 12454181 |
| sublethal concentrations of complement can effectively opsonize borrelia burgdorferi. | the fate of borreliae invading a human may depend on the early innate response they induce. the interactions of human complement system and neutrophils with two strains of the lyme borreliosis spirochete borrelia burgdorferi were studied. borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto b31 (resistant to a 28% concentration of normal human serum (nhs)) and borrelia garinii bg a218/98 (sensitive to 7% nhs) were examined. both strains induced neutrophil oxidative burst in a complement-dependent manner. b31 requ ... | 2002 | 12472666 |
| genetic variability within borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato genospecies established by pcr-single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis of the rrfa-rrlb intergenic spacer in ixodes ricinus ticks from the czech republic. | in europe the borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex is represented by five distinct genospecies: borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, borrelia afzelii, borrelia garinii, borrelia valaisiana, and borrelia lusitaniae. these taxonomic entities are known to differ in their specific associations with vertebrate hosts and to provoke distinct clinical manifestations in human patients. however, exceptions to these rules have often been observed, indicating that strains belonging to a single genospecies ... | 2003 | 12514035 |
| geographical and seasonal correlation of multiple sclerosis to sporadic schizophrenia. | background: clusters by season and locality reveal a striking epidemiological overlap between sporadic schizophrenia and multiple sclerosis (ms). as the birth excesses of those individuals who later in life develop schizophrenia mirror the seasonal distribution of ixodid ticks, a meta analysis has been performed between all neuropsychiatric birth excesses including ms and the epidemiology of spirochaetal infectious diseases. results: the prevalence of ms and schizophrenic birth excesses entirely ... | 2002 | 12537588 |
| characterization of the vls antigenic variation loci of the lyme disease spirochaetes borrelia garinii ip90 and borrelia afzelii acai. | the vls locus of borrelia burgdorferi b31 consists of 15 silent cassettes and one expression site (vlse), and the presence of the encoding plasmid lp28-1 correlates with high infectivity. recombination between the expression cassette and silent cassettes occurs in vivo, and this process may enable b. burgdorferi to evade the immune response. to determine the characteristics of the vls loci in other borrelia strains, we have cloned and characterized the vls silent cassette loci of borrelia garini ... | 2003 | 12603744 |
| significant improvement of the recombinant borrelia-specific immunoglobulin g immunoblot test by addition of vlse and a dbpa homologue derived from borrelia garinii for diagnosis of early neuroborreliosis. | we investigated whether the recombinant borrelia western blot test previously described (b. wilske, c. habermann, v. fingerle, b. hillenbrand, s. jauris-heipke, g. lehnert, i. pradel, d. rössler, and u. schulte-spechtel, med. microbiol. immunol. 188:139-144, 1999) can be improved by the addition of vlse and additional dbpa and ospc homologues. by using a panel of sera from 36 neuroborreliosis patients and 67 control patients, the diagnostic sensitivity of the recombinant immunoblot test was sign ... | 2003 | 12624072 |
| serum-resistant strains of borrelia burgdorferi evade complement-mediated killing by expressing a cd59-like complement inhibitory molecule. | borrelia burgdorferi, the etiological agent of lyme disease, comprises three genospecies, borrelia garinii, afzelii, and burgdorferi sensu strictu, that exhibit different pathogenicity and differ in the susceptibility to c-mediated killing. we examined c-sensitive and c-resistant strains of b. burgdorferi for deposition of c3 and late c components by fluorescence microscope and flow cytometry. despite comparable deposition of c3 on the two strains, the resistant strain exhibited reduced staining ... | 2003 | 12626580 |
| prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi species and identification of borrelia valaisiana in questing ixodes ricinus in the lyon region of france as determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. | many cases of lyme borreliosis have been reported over the years in the region of lyon, france. the identification and prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in ixodes ricinus were investigated by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) of the flagellin gene and restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis. questing ixodes ricinus larvae, nymphs and adults were collected by the flagging method from deciduous forests in four areas in the lyon region of france between october 1994 and s ... | 2003 | 12649714 |
| in vitro susceptibility testing of four antibiotics against borrelia burgdorferi: a comparison of results for the three genospecies borrelia afzelii, borrelia garinii, and borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto. | mics and minimal bactericidal concentrations (mbcs) were evaluated for the four antibiotics azithromycin, amoxicillin, ceftriaxone, and doxycycline against the three main genospecies of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. in mbc testing, statistically significant differences between the genospecies could be found in 7 out of 12 comparative evaluations (p < 0.05). | 2003 | 12682190 |
| characteristics of erythema migrans in borrelia afzelii and borrelia garinii infections. | erythema migrans is the most common manifestation of stage i lyme borreliosis. this study investigated the relation between the subspecies of borrelia burgdorferi involved, the time of development and the appearance of the manifestation. the study comprised 33 cases of erythema migrans yielding b. burgdorferi sensu lato by culture of skin biopsy. the species was determined by polymerase chain reaction analysis of the cultivated spirochaetes. in 22 of the cases, b. afzelii was demonstrated, where ... | 2003 | 12685881 |
| association of borrelia garinii and b. valaisiana with songbirds in slovakia. | in europe, 6 of the 11 genospecies of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato are prevalent in questing ixodes ricinus ticks. in most parts of central europe, b. afzelii, b. garinii, and b. valaisiana are the most frequent species, whereas b. burgdorferi sensu stricto, b. bissettii, and b. lusitaniae are rare. previously, it has been shown that b. afzelii is associated with european rodents. therefore, the aim of this study was to identify reservoir hosts of b. garinii and b. valaisiana in slovakia. son ... | 2003 | 12732554 |
| prevalence of four species of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and coinfection with anaplasma phagocytophila in ixodes ricinus ticks in central germany. | a total of 305 ixodes ricinus ticks collected from three areas of thuringia in central germany were investigated for infection with borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species and anaplasma phagocytophila. overall, 11.1% were infected with borrelia burgdorferi and 2.3% with anaplasma phagocytophila. adult ticks showed a significantly higher rate of infection with both borreliae and anaplasma phagocytophila. borrelia garinii (55.9%) was detected most frequently, followed by borrelia burgdorferi sensu ... | 2003 | 12783276 |
| prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato genomospecies and of the human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (hge) agent in ixodes ricinus ticks collected in the area of monti lepini, italy. | ticks are obligate hematophagous arthropods that are parasites in every class of vertebrates in most regions of the world. they are also considered to be important vectors for the transmission of human infectious diseases. in the present study we used polymer chain reaction (pcr) amplification analysis to determine the prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi and ehrlichia phagocytophila, the agents of, respectively, lyme borreliosis and human granulocytic ehrlichiosis, among ticks inhabiting the area ... | 2003 | 12797900 |
| diversity of ixodes-borne borrelia species--clinical, pathogenetic, and diagnostic implications and impact on vaccine development. | among borrelia spirochetes carried by hard ticks belonging to the various ixodes species, at least 10 species can be distinguished. of these, borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto is involved in human lyme borreliosis in north america and europe, and borrelia garinii and borrelia afzelii in human disease in europe and asia. the pathogenetic significance of the other species is uncertain. although some of the borrelia species are restricted to certain tick species, ixodes ricinus, the vector of lyme ... | 2002 | 12804166 |
| ixodes sinensis: competence as a vector to transmit the lyme disease spirochete borrelia garinii. | in order to determine the principal vectors of lyme disease in south china, the capability of ixodes sinensis to transmit lyme disease spirochetes transstadially was estimated in the laboratory. results suggest that i. sinensis can acquire active lyme disease spirochetes by feeding on infected mice of kunming strains (km), and the positive rates of larvae and nymph i. sinensis infected were 94.0% and 92.0%, respectively. i. sinensis maintained active spirochetes during blood digestion and moltin ... | 2003 | 12804379 |
| improved serodiagnosis of erythema migrans using novel recombinant borrelial bbk32 antigens. | the performances of recombinant borrelial bbk32 proteins as antigens in the serology of erythema migrans (em) were evaluated in an elisa. serum samples were obtained from 75 patients from different geographic areas where three borrelial species, borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, borrelia afzelii or borrelia garinii, cause lyme borreliosis. antibodies to variant bbk32 proteins were compared with anti-flagella or with anti-ir(6) peptide antibodies. in igg elisa at presentation of em, 65/75 (87 % ... | 2003 | 12808077 |
| effect of complement component c3 deficiency on experimental lyme borreliosis in mice. | mice deficient in complement component c3 (c3(-/-)) and syngeneic c57bl/6 control mice were challenged with borrelia burgdorferi to determine the role of complement in immune clearance and joint histopathology during experimental lyme borreliosis. tibiotarsal joint, ear, and heart tissues were monitored for spirochete numbers at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks postinoculation with 10(5) b. burgdorferi b31 clone 5a4 by using quantitative real-time pcr. the spirochete load in joint and ear tissue remained h ... | 2003 | 12874322 |
| lyme borreliosis. | lyme borreliosis is a multi-organ infection caused by spirochetes of the borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato group with its species b burgdorferi sensu stricto, borrelia garinii, and borrelia afzelii, which are transmitted by ticks of the species ixodes. laboratory testing of lyme borreliosis includes culture, antibody detection using elisa with whole extracts or recombinant chimeric borrelia proteins, immunoblot, and pcr with different levels of sensitivity and specificity for each test. common ski ... | 2003 | 12901891 |
| first isolation and characterization of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato strains from ixodes ricinus ticks in turkey. | in order to investigate the presence and prevalence of lyme borreliosis (lyme disease) borrelia species, 312 unfed ticks were collected by flagging at a woodland area in trakya, in the european side of turkey, in may 2002. twelve of 299 ixodes ricinus ticks were infected with borrelia spp., as determined by cultivation in bsk medium (prevalence rate 4.0 %). ten pure cultures were subjected to further characterization by sequencing analysis of the 5s-23s rdna intergenic spacer, 16s rdna and flage ... | 2003 | 12909659 |
| effect of the salivary gland and midgut extracts from ixodes ricinus and dermacentor reticulatus (acari: ixodidae) on the growth of borrelia garinii in vitro. | | 2003 | 14560980 |
| tick-host-borrelia population interactions: long-term records in eastern europe. | during 10 spring and summer seasons (1992-2001), the dynamics of the epizootic process in natural foci were studied in taiga forests of the pre-ural region, russia. in these foci, borrelia garinii, borrelia afzelii and tick-borne encephalitis (tbe) virus circulate transmitted by their main vector tick, ixodes persulcatus. main parameters of the epizootic process were calculated for each season. in three seasons (1993, 1996, and 1999) all parameters characterizing the abundance of unfed nymphs an ... | 2002 | 14570135 |
| evidence of babesia microti infection in multi-infected ixodes persulcatus ticks in russia. | to detect babesia-infected ixodes persulcatus shulze in a suburb of st. petersburg, russia, 738 adult ticks were studied using babesia specific primers and pcr techniques. the entire sample (more than 1,200 individuals) was screened for the presence of borrelia spp., ehrlichia spp. and tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev). all 7 ticks infected with babesia microti, were also infected with other pathogens (all 7 among 417 infected ticks, zero amongst the remaining 321 naive ones (chi2 = 5.25, p<0 ... | 2003 | 14635819 |
| ability of ixodes persulcatus, haemaphysalis concinna and dermacentor silvarum ticks to acquire and transstadially transmit borrelia garinii. | in china, the ability of ixodes persulcatus, haemaphysalis concinna and dermacentor silvarum to transmit borrelia spirochetes was determined under laboratory conditions. results showed that all three tick species can acquire spirochetes by feeding on infected mice. however, the capability of the three species to maintain spirochetes was different. only i. persulcatus is able to maintain spirochetes alive during molting, and subsequent tick stages transmitted the infection to naive mice. in h. co ... | 2003 | 14756409 |
| acarological risk of exposure to agents of tick-borne zoonoses in the first recognized italian focus of lyme borreliosis. | acarological risk was calculated as the probability of encountering at least one host-seeking ixodes ricinus tick infected by the pathogen borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, in 100 m transects in the province of genoa, italy. the seasonal pattern of i. ricinus was studied using generalized estimating equations (gee) with negative binomial error, to consider overdispersion of tick counts and repeated sampling of the same dragging sites from april 1998 to march 1999. prevalence of infection by b. bu ... | 2003 | 14959782 |
| evaluation of groel gene analysis for identification of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. | the nucleotide sequences of the groel genes, the flagellin genes, and the 16s rrna genes from 22 reference strains of borrelia were compared. groel sequence analysis is useful not only in interspecies differentiation but also in intraspecies differentiation of borrelia afzelii and borrelia garinii isolates. | 2004 | 15004091 |
| comparison of erythema migrans caused by borrelia afzelii and borrelia garinii. | we compared epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with erythema migrans (em) caused by borrelia afzelii and borrelia garinii. | 2004 | 15007737 |
| occurrence of borrelia afzelii and borrelia garinii in ixodes ricinus ticks from southern moravia, czech republic. | during the years 1996-2000, a total of 2398 ixodes ricinus ticks were collected in three areas of southern moravia and eastern bohemia, czech republic, and examined by dark-field microscopy for the presence of spirochetes. the prevalence of b. burgdorferi sensu lato in ixodes ricinus ticks varied and depended upon the year. in 1996, the prevalence 6.8% was observed, during 1997 and 1998, it increased to 8.4% and 12.3%, respectively. the lowest prevalence was observed in 1999 (3.6%), and in 2000 ... | 2004 | 15018772 |
| production of tumor necrosis factor alpha by treponema pallidum, borrelia burgdorferi s.l., and leptospira interrogans in isolated rat kupffer cells. | stimulation of isolated rat kupffer cells by viable leptospira interrogans, treponema pallidum and borrelia garinii elicited cellular responses resulting in the release of different tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-alpha) levels, depending on the spirochetes. l. interrogans induced tnf-alpha levels higher than those achieved with b. garinii and t. pallidum (in this order), but lower than the levels achieved with lipopolysaccharide (lps). in contrast to l. interrogans, pretreatment of borreliae a ... | 2004 | 15039093 |
| improvement in the laboratory recognition of lyme borreliosis with the combination of culture and pcr methods. | lyme disease is a multisystem, multistage infection caused by three genospecies of the borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species. the diagnosis of lyme disease is based on a history of tick-bite, physical examination, and serological tests. in the seronegative patients with lyme borreliosis symptoms, additional testing should be introduced. | 2003 | 15068385 |
| identification of three clinically relevant borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato genospecies by pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of 16s-23s ribosomal dna spacer amplicons. | we report the results of a study of the prevalences of three clinically relevant borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato genospecies (borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, borrelia afzelii, and borrelia garinii) in 1,040 questing ixodes ticks from all regions of latvia, where lyme borreliosis is endemic. the prevalences of borrelia in ixodes ricinus and ixodes persulcatus were 22.6 and 27.9%, respectively. molecular typing of b. burgdorferi from infected ticks was performed by restriction fragment length ... | 2004 | 15070987 |
| studies on the transovarial transmission of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in the taiga tick ixodes persulcatus. | the possibility of vertical transmission of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in ixodes persulcatus schulze, 1930 ticks was studied in the progeny of 20 females collected from the vegetation in an active focus of ixodid tick-borne borrelioses (itbb) located in the perm oblast, russia, where borrelia garinii and b. afzelii are circulating. the presence of borrelia dna was detected by the pcr method after feeding and egg laying in 16 engorged females (80.0%), as well as in 36.5 +/- 7.2% samples cont ... | 2004 | 15139380 |
| [long-term dynamics of the epizootic process in natural foci of ixodid tick borreliosis in mountain taiga forests of the middle ural]. | during eleven spring-summer seasons (1992-2002), the dynamics of the epizootic process in natural foci of ixodid tick-borne borrelioses (itbb) were studied in taiga forests of the middle ural (perm province, russia). in these foci, borrelia garinii and b. afzelii circulate, and their main vector is the ixodes persulcatus tick. main parameters of the epizootic process were calculated for each season. in four seasons (1993, 1996, 1999 and 2002), the parameters characterizing the abundance of unfed ... | 2004 | 15174388 |
| diversity within borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato genospecies in switzerland by reca gene sequence. | a total of 874 ixodes ricinus ticks were collected in switzerland to investigate the genetic diversity of the borrelia population. we integrated to the rt-pcr method the dna sequence analysis of a 162-bp fragment of the reca gene. five genospecies were detected: borrelia afzelii, borrelia burgdorferi s.s., borrelia garinii, borrelia valaisiana, and borrelia lusitaniae. a heterogeneous distribution was observed within the b. burgdorferi s.l. genospecies. the most prevalent and diverse genospecies ... | 2004 | 15336411 |
| molecular characterization of the ospa(161-175) t cell epitope associated with treatment-resistant lyme arthritis: differences among the three pathogenic species of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. | treatment-resistant lyme arthritis, which may result from infection-induced autoimmunity, is associated with reactivity to a t cell epitope of outer-surface protein a (ospa(161-175)) of borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto (bb). this syndrome has been noted primarily in the united states where only bb is present, and rarely in europe where borrelia garinii (bg) and borrelia afzelii (ba) predominate. to gain a better understanding of this epitope, we identified its species-specific polymorphisms, d ... | 2004 | 15501399 |
| acute peripheral facial palsy in lyme disease -- a distal neuritis at the infection site. | children with acute peripheral facial palsy have often suffered tick bites and/or erythema migrans in the head/neck region on the same side. with respect to the pathogenesis of neuroborreliosis this topographical association was investigated in an animal model. | 2004 | 15534758 |
| comparative analysis of the borrelia garinii genome. | three members of the genus borrelia (b.burgdorferi, b.garinii, b.afzelii) cause tick-borne borreliosis. depending on the borrelia species involved, the borreliosis differs in its clinical symptoms. comparative genomics opens up a way to elucidate the underlying differences in borrelia species. we analysed a low redundancy whole-genome shotgun (wgs) assembly of a b.garinii strain isolated from a patient with neuroborreliosis in comparison to the b.burgdorferi genome. this analysis reveals that mo ... | 2004 | 15547252 |
| [cloning and expression of flagellin gene from a chinese borrelia burgdorferi pd91 strain]. | to study the cloning and expression of flagellin gene from chinese borrelia burgdorferi, pd91 strain and to evaluate the feasibility of using recombinant protein as diagnostic antigen when comparing the gene sequence with flagellin gene from north american borrelia burgdorferi b31. | 2004 | 15555360 |
| terrestrial distribution of the lyme borreliosis agent borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in east asia. | lyme borreliosis is the most prevalent tick-borne zoonosis and an important emerging infection in europe, north america, and far eastern countries. the geographical distribution of borrelia spp. and the relationship between borrelia spp. and tick spp. in east asian countries have been studied. in northern asian countries, ixodes persulcatus carries eurasian-type borrelia garinii (20047 type), borrelia afzelii, and asian-type b. garinii (variant nt29), whereas borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto h ... | 2004 | 15623946 |
| immunochemical analysis of lipopolysaccharide-like component extracted from borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. | immunoelectrophoresis and its modifications were applied to analysis of a lipopolysaccharide-like component (lps-lc) extracted from borrelia garinii strains k24 and k48 isolated from ixodes ricinus and borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto strain b31. a modification of the hot phenol-water method was used for isolation of lps. immunoelectrophoresis (ie) and crossed immunoelectrophoresis (cie) of lps-lc with polyclonal rabbit antisera revealed a pattern and properties partially similar to lps from o ... | 2004 | 15702557 |
| characterization of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato isolated in moscow province--a sympatric region for ixodes ricinus and ixodes persulcatus. | the relationships between borrelia species and the vector ticks, ixodes persulcatus and ixodes ricinus were examined in a molecular epidemiological study. we conducted a survey in the moscow region which is a sympatric region for both species of tick. we examined 630 unfed i. ricinus and i. persulcatus, ticks collected from four different regions around moscow within an area of 250 km2. eighty-four ticks were culture positive (13.3%) and the prevalence rate varied in each region from 5.7% to 42. ... | 2005 | 15715174 |
| identification of a new borrelia species among small mammals in areas of northern spain where lyme disease is endemic. | the role of small mammals as reservoir hosts for borrelia burgdorferi was investigated in several areas where lyme disease is endemic in northern spain. a low rate of infestation by ixodes ricinus nymphs was found in the small mammal populations studied that correlated with the near-absence of b. burgdorferi sensu lato in 184 animals tested and with the lack of transmission of b. burgdorferi sensu lato to i. ricinus larvae that fed on them. in contrast, questing ticks collected at the same time ... | 2005 | 15746336 |
| improving the specificity of 16s rdna-based polymerase chain reaction for detecting borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato-causative agents of human lyme disease. | 16s rdna sequences of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato were aligned with the 16s rdna sequences of borrelia hermsii, borrelia turicatae, and borrelia lonestari in order to identify primers that might be used to more specifically identify agents of human lyme disease in ticks in human skin samples. | 2005 | 15752343 |
| [intensity of the production of rheumatoid factor in patients with different degree of sensitization to borrelia garinii antigens]. | the content of rheumatoid factor and serum iga, igm and igg in patients with different degree of sensitization to b. garinii antigens is evaluated. an increase in the titer of rheumatoid factor in patients with a high content of antibodies to borrelia was established. in addition, an increased concentration of serum immunoglobulins in the presence of borrelia infection was registered. the mechanisms of autoimmune reactions are discussed, proceeding from the biological properties of the causative ... | 2005 | 15773406 |
| diversity of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in russian far east. | thirty strains of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato have been isolated from ixodes persulcatus ticks and from skin lesions of lyme disease patients in the russian far east from 1997 to 2003. we amplified full-length outer surface protein a (ospa) gene of all strains. blast search and following phylogenetic analysis showed that strains form four well-defined groups. four strains belong to borrelia afzelii species. other strains distributed into tree major groups, identified as borrelia garinii. ind ... | 2005 | 15781992 |
| identification and functional characterization of complement regulator-acquiring surface protein 1 of the lyme disease spirochetes borrelia afzelii and borrelia garinii. | complement regulator-acquiring surface protein 1 (crasp-1) is the dominant factor-h-like protein 1 (fhl-1)- and factor-h-binding protein of borrelia burgdorferi and is suggested to contribute to persistence of the pathogen. the prototype crasp-1 of b. burgdorferi sensu stricto (crasp-1bb) has been formerly characterized. as shown recently, serum-resistant borrelia afzelii strains express a unique fhl-1 and factor h-binding protein, designated crasp-1ba. here, we describe for the first time the i ... | 2005 | 15784581 |
| in vitro susceptibility testing of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato isolates cultured from patients with erythema migrans before and after antimicrobial chemotherapy. | clinical treatment failures have been reported to occur in early lyme borreliosis (lb) for many suitable antimicrobial agents. investigations of possible resistance mechanisms of the borrelia burgdorferi complex must analyze clinical isolates obtained from lb patients, despite their receiving antibiotic treatment. here, borrelial isolates obtained from five patients with erythema migrans (em) before the start of antibiotic therapy and again after the conclusion of treatment were investigated. th ... | 2005 | 15793100 |
| borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato infection in larval ixodes ricinus (acari: ixodidae) feeding on blackbirds in northwestern italy. | birds belonging to 59 species (n = 1,206) were live captured in piemonte, northwestern italy, in 2001. ixodes ricinus (l.) larvae were collected from 59 birds belonging to nine species, and nymphs were recovered on 79 birds belonging to 10 species. eurasian blackbirds, turdus merula l., had significantly higher levels of infestation by ticks than other passerine species. larval i. ricinus of blackbirds peaked in summer, when prevalence was 39% (95% confidence interval 24.2-55.5) and mean number ... | 2005 | 15799526 |
| [intensity of the production of rheumatoid factor in patients with different degrees of sensitization to borrelia garinii antigens]. | the content of rheumatoid factor and the levels of iga, igm, igg in patients with different degrees of sensitization to borrelia garinii antigens were studied. the titer of rheumatoid factor was found to increase in accordance with the growth of the levels of anti-borrelia antibodies. a rise in the concentration of serum immunoglobulins simultaneously with the development of borrelia infection was registered. the mechanisms of autoimmunization are discussed, taking into account the known biologi ... | 2005 | 15881948 |
| molecular evidence of the dispersal of lyme disease borrelia from the asian continent to japan via migratory birds. | based on specific sequencing, we found that a borrelia garinii strain from a rodent in fukui prefecture, japan was highly similar to the unique borrelia strains (pattern r'/r) isolated in northeastern china and korea, and to strains from ticks feeding on migratory birds in fukui prefecture. these findings indicate that the borrelia with this unique pattern may be locally naturalized to the epizootic transmission cycle in japan, and that borrelia is dispersed from the asian continent to japan via ... | 2005 | 15973014 |
| gencolors: accelerated comparative analysis and annotation of prokaryotic genomes at various stages of completeness. | summary: gencolors is a new web-based software/database system aimed at an improved and accelerated annotation of prokaryotic genomes, considering information on related genomes and making extensive use of genome comparison. it offers a seamless integration of data from ongoing sequencing projects and annotated genomic sequences obtained from genbank. the genome comparison tools determine, for example, best-bidirectional hits, gene conservation, syntenies and gene core sets. swiss-prot/trembl hi ... | 2005 | 16076887 |
| improvement of lyme borreliosis serodiagnosis by a newly developed recombinant immunoglobulin g (igg) and igm line immunoblot assay and addition of vlse and dbpa homologues. | we developed and evaluated a recombinant borrelia line immunoblot assay based on 18 homologues of seven different antigens, i.e., p100, p58, p41i, bmpa, vlse, ospc, and dbpa. each recombinant antigen can be detected separately and is distinct even from homologues with identical molecular weights. this blot was compared to the recently described recombinant borrelia western immunoblot assay (u. schulte-spechtel, g. lehnert, g. liegl, v. fingerle, c. heimerl, b. j. johnson, and b. wilske, j. clin. ... | 2005 | 16081885 |
| solving a sticky problem: new genetic approaches to host cell adhesion by the lyme disease spirochete. | the lyme disease spirochetes, comprised of at least three closely related species, borrelia burgdorferi, borrelia garinii and borrelia afzelii, are fascinating and enigmatic bacterial pathogens. they are maintained by tick-mediated transmission between mammalian hosts, usually small rodents. the ability of these bacteria, which have relatively small genomes, to survive and disseminate in both an immunocompetent mammal and in an arthropod vector suggests that they have evolved elegant and indispe ... | 2005 | 16101994 |
| complement regulator-acquiring surface protein 1 imparts resistance to human serum in borrelia burgdorferi. | factor h and factor h-like protein 1 (fh/fhl-1) are soluble serum proteins that negatively regulate the alternative pathway of complement. it is now well recognized that many pathogenic bacteria, including borrelia burgdorferi, bind fh/fhl-1 on their cell surface to evade complement-mediated destruction during infection. recently, it was suggested that b. burgdorferi open reading frame bba68, known as complement regulator-acquiring surface protein 1 (crasp-1), encodes the major fh/fhl-1-binding ... | 2005 | 16116222 |
| expression of complement factor h binding immunoevasion proteins in borrelia garinii isolated from patients with neuroborreliosis. | the lyme disease-pathogen borrelia burgdorferi binds the complement inhibitor factor h (fh) to its outer surface protein e- (ospe) and bba68-families of lipoproteins. in earlier studies, only serum-resistant strains of the genospecies b. burgdorferi sensu stricto or b. afzelii, but not serum-sensitive b. garinii strains, have been shown to bind fh. since b. garinii often causes neuroborreliosis in man, we have readdressed the interactions of b. garinii with fh. b. garinii 50/97 strain did not ex ... | 2005 | 16208765 |
| tickborne pathogen detection, western siberia, russia. | ixodes persulcatus (n = 125) and dermacentor reticulatus (n = 84) ticks from western siberia, russia, were tested for infection with borrelia, anaplasma/ehrlichia, bartonella, and babesia spp. by using nested polymerase chain reaction assays with subsequent sequencing. i. persulcatus ticks were infected with borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (37.6% +/- 4.3% [standard deviation]), anaplasma phagocytophilum (2.4% +/- 1.4%), ehrlichia muris (8.8% +/- 2.5%), and bartonella spp. (37.6% +/- 4.3%). d. re ... | 2005 | 16318722 |
| hosts and pathogen detection for immature stages of ixodes ricinus (acari: ixodidae) in north-central spain. | to determine hosts of the immature stages of a southern population of ixodes ricinus, we trapped rodents and birds in an area of north-central spain in may-june and august-september of 1998 and 1999. the most frequently trapped rodents were apodemus sylvaticus (230 specimens) and clethrionomys glareolus (99), with a larval infestation prevalence of 49% and 81%, respectively (in spring) and 21% and 41% (in summer). c. glareolus was always more heavily parasitized by larvae (mean numbers 19.8 in s ... | 2005 | 16323055 |
| [lyme borreliosis--an overview]. | north american lyme disease and european borreliosis differ in many aspects: whereas in north america infection by borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto almost invariably leads to erythema migrans, frequently followed by oligoarthritis in untreated individuals, most infections in europe are caused by borrelia garinii and borrelia afzelii and are contracted asymptomatically. a minority of the infected individuals develop neuroborreliosis, consisting of various combinations of meningitis, radiculitis ... | 2005 | 16350535 |
| lipoprotein computational prediction in spirochaetal genomes. | lipoproteins are of great interest in understanding the molecular pathogenesis of spirochaetes. because spirochaete lipobox sequences exhibit more plasticity than those of other bacteria, application of existing prediction algorithms to emerging sequence data has been problematic. in this paper a novel lipoprotein prediction algorithm is described, designated splip, constructed as a hybrid of a lipobox weight matrix approach supplemented by a set of lipoprotein signal peptide rules allowing for ... | 2006 | 16385121 |
| prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in ticks collected from migratory birds in switzerland. | the prevalence of ticks infected by borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato on birds during their migrations was studied in switzerland. a total of 1,270 birds captured at two sites were examined for tick infestation. ixodes ricinus was the dominant tick species. prevalences of tick infestation were 6% and 18.2% for birds migrating northward and southward, respectively. borrelia valaisiana was the species detected most frequently in ticks, followed by borrelia garinii and borrelia lusitaniae. among bird ... | 2006 | 16391149 |
| lyme borreliosis: insights into tick-/host-borrelia relations. | lyme borreliosis (lb) is a serious infectious disease of humans and some domestic animals in temperate regions of the northern hemisphere. it is caused by certain spirochetes in the borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) species complex. the complex consists of 11 species (genospecies). borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto (s.s.), borrelia garinii and borrelia afzelii are the major agents of human disease. borrelia burgdorferi s.l. species are transmitted mainly by ticks belonging to the ixodes ri ... | 2005 | 16405291 |
| function and evolution of plasmid-borne genes for pyrimidine biosynthesis in borrelia spp. | the thyx gene for thymidylate synthase of the lyme borreliosis (lb) agent borrelia burgdorferi is located in a 54-kb linear plasmid. in the present study, we identified an orthologous thymidylate synthase gene in the relapsing fever (rf) agent borrelia hermsii, located it in a 180-kb linear plasmid, and demonstrated its expression. the functions of the b. hermsii and b. burgdorferi thyx gene products were evaluated both in vivo, by complementation of a thymidylate synthase-deficient escherichia ... | 2006 | 16428394 |
| serological confirmation of borrelia burgdorferi infection in dogs in the czech republic. | from the epidemiological point of view, dogs are very important since they are considered a suitable indicator of the spread of human borreliosis. serum samples obtained from healthy, asymptomatic military dogs from 12 different areas in the czech republic were examined for igg antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.). the total of 399 serum samples were tested by a whole-cell elisa. specific antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi s.l. were detected in 26 cases (6.5%). in different local ... | 2006 | 16437298 |
| mini erythema migrans--a sign of early lyme borreliosis. | an erythema migrans (em) remaining smaller than 5 cm in diameter, called mini em by us, has not been addressed in detail. | 2006 | 16484816 |
| prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and anaplasmataceae members in ixodes ricinus ticks in alsace, a focus of lyme borreliosis endemicity in france. | due to the high lyme borreliosis incidence in alsace, in northeastern france, we investigated in 2003-2004 three cantons in this region in order to determine the density of ixodes ricinus ticks infected by borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and anaplasmataceae. the peak density of nymphs infected by b. burgdorferi sensu lato at munster and guebwiller, where the disease incidence was high, was among the highest reported in europe (105 and 114 per 100 m(2), respectively). in contrast, the peak densit ... | 2006 | 16598024 |
| adhesion of borrelia garinii to neuronal cells is mediated by the interaction of ospa with proteoglycans. | to study pathogenic mechanisms of lyme meningoradiculitis, dorsal root ganglia (drg) cells and two neuronal cell lines (b50, sh-sy5y) were incubated with borrelia garinii, the borrelia species most frequently isolated from csf of lyme neuroborreliosis patients in europe. we demonstrated that (i) ospa-positive b. garinii adhere to neuronal cells, (ii) borrelia adhesion can be blocked by a monoclonal antibody against ospa, (iii) preincubation with proteoglycans interferes with the adhesion process ... | 2006 | 16603253 |
| borrelia lusitaniae and spotted fever group rickettsiae in ixodes ricinus (acari: ixodidae) in tuscany, central italy. | prevalence of infection by borrelia burgdorferi s.l. and spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsiae was estimated in host-seeking ticks in an area in tuscany, central italy, where lyme borreliosis was reported in a forestry worker. b. burgdorferi s.l. was identified by polymerase chain reaction in 16.7% (95% ci = 10.3, 24.8) of ixodes ricinus (l.) nymphs and 39.6% (95% ci = 26.5, 54.0) of adults. borrelia lusitaniae accounted for 82.9% of positive samples, followed by borrelia garinii (9.8%), borreli ... | 2006 | 16619594 |
| effect of forest clearing on the abundance of ixodes ricinus ticks and the prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi s.l. | questing ixodes ricinus l. (acari: ixodidae) ticks were collected on a forest trail that had been completely cleared of shrubs and ground vegetation in winter 2002 and on a nearby control uncleared forest transect in south moravia (czech republic). samples were collected each may in 2003, 2004 and 2005. nymphal ticks were 3.4 times, 1.9 times and 1.2 times less frequent on cleared forest than on uncleared forest trails in the three respective years, whereas adult tick abundance was 27.2 times, 4 ... | 2006 | 16796612 |
| persistent joint swelling and borrelia-specific antibodies in borrelia garinii-infected mice after eradication of vegetative spirochetes with antibiotic treatment. | we wanted to study the pathogenesis and the long-term manifestations of borrelia garinii infection in sjl and c3h/he mice. we report here that b. garinii a218 causes a persisting infection in these mouse strains. mice infected with intracutaneous inoculation of b. garinii at 4-5 weeks of age developed a disseminated infection and joint swelling within 2 weeks of inoculation and remained infected with joint symptoms until the end of follow-ups of up to 52 weeks. treatment with ceftriaxone or ampi ... | 2006 | 16797205 |
| enhanced culture of borrelia garinii and borrelia afzelii strains on a solid bsk-based medium in anaerobic conditions. | the growth of 29 human strains from the three main pathogenic species of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato on a solid bsk-based medium was compared in two culture atmospheres: 3% co(2) air and anaerobiosis. all strains grew under anaerobic conditions, whereas only 13 strains were able to grow in aerobiosis with 3% co(2) (p<0.001). in the latter condition, 75% of the b. burgdorferi sensu stricto strains grew versus 33% of the b. garinii and b. afzelii strains. these data suggest that, especially fo ... | 2006 | 16814991 |
| migratory passerine birds as reservoirs of lyme borreliosis in europe. | to define the role of birds as reservoirs and disseminators of borrelia spirochetes, we characterized tick infestation and reservoir competence of migratory passerine birds in sweden. a total of 1,120 immature ixodes ricinus ticks were removed from 13,260 birds and assayed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for borrelia, followed by dna sequencing for species and genotype identification. distributions of ticks on birds were aggregated, presumably because of varying encounters with t ... | 2006 | 16836825 |
| a novel lymphocyte transformation test (ltt-melisa) for lyme borreliosis. | diagnosis of active lyme borreliosis (lb) remains a challenge in clinically ambiguous, serologically indeterminant, and polymerase chain reaction-negative patients. lymphocyte transformation tests (ltts) have been applied to detect specific cellular immune reactivity, but their clinical application has been severely hampered by the poorly defined borrelia antigens and nonstandardized ltt formats used. in this study, we describe the development and clinical relevance of a novel ltt using a valida ... | 2007 | 16876371 |
| evaluation of an internally controlled real-time pcr targeting the ospa gene for detection of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato dna in cerebrospinal fluid. | this study reports the development and evaluation of an internally controlled real-time pcr targeting the ospa gene for detection of borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, borrelia garinii, borrelia afzelii and borrelia valaisiana. dna was extracted using qiaamp dna blood mini kit columns. dna from 33 b. burgdorferi sensu lato strains reacted in the assay, whereas no reactivity was observed with dna from four relapsing fever borrelia spp., 11 unrelated spirochaetes, and 31 unrelated microorganisms. ... | 2006 | 16882295 |
| [genetic diversity of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in ixodes ricinus ticks collected in north-west poland]. | borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s. l.), the etiological agent of lyme diesease, is transmitted by the bite of ixodes ricinus. during may and september 1999, field surveys on lyme disease spirochetes were conducted in three locations of a region of north-west poland, known as recreational districts visited by many people. the ticks ixodes ricinus were collected in natural habitats by dragging a flanel cloth over the vegetation. sex and developmental stage of each tick were determined. based on a ... | 2000 | 16886329 |
| [co-infection of borrelia garinii and b. afzelii in a population of wild rodents from woodland]. | the maintenance of borrelia burgdorferi s.l. in the environment is dependent on the zoonotic cycle involving tick vectors and certain reservoir hosts. it is well known, that the same species of wild rodents, as well as the vector ixodes ricinus, are often co-infected with at least two genomospecies of b. burgdorferi s.l.: b. afzelii and b. garinii. the ticks collected from two rodent species: clethrionomys glareolus and apodemus flavicollis were examined for the presence of b. burgdorferi s.l., ... | 2001 | 16886420 |
| comparison of findings for patients with borrelia garinii and borrelia afzelii isolated from cerebrospinal fluid. | the most common cause of lyme neuroborreliosis in europe is borrelia garinii, followed by borrelia afzelii. however, no series describing patients with culture-confirmed cases of lyme neuroborreliosis have been published, and no comparison of findings for patients with b. garinii and b. afzelii isolated from cerebrospinal fluid (csf) has been reported. | 2006 | 16912943 |
| clinical appearance of erythema migrans caused by borrelia afzelii and borrelia garinii--effect of the patient's sex. | the aim in this survey was to study the clinical characteristics of infections caused by borrelia genospecies in patients with erythema migrans where borrelial origin was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction. the aim was also to study factors influencing the clinical appearance of erythema migrans. | 2006 | 17009065 |
| [tick infestation and the prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi and babesia divergens in cattle in bavaria]. | during the grazing period 2002 319 cattle from 31 farms located in 6 districts of southern bavaria were examined for the presence of ticks in 4- to 5-week intervals, and 287 serum samples were tested for the presence of antibodies against borrelia burgdorferi and babesia divergens. ticks were detected in all 31 farms with a mean prevalence of 69%. 3218 out of 3453 collected ticks were ixodes ricinus; 139 nymphs, 19 larvae and 77 damaged adult specimens could only be determined to the genus level ... | 2006 | 17009719 |
| antigenicity of borrelial protein bbk32 fragments in early lyme borreliosis. | recombinantly produced borrelial bbk32 protein fragments originating from borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, borrelia garinii and borrelia afzelii were evaluated as antigens in the serology of lyme borreliosis (lb). in elisa, a mid-portion hydrophilic fragment reacted with lb patient sera. of the 23 patients with culture- or pcr-positive erythema migrans (em), 43 % at diagnosis and 52 % at convalescence were positive for at least one borrelia species-specific variant bbk32 fragment antigen. in ... | 2006 | 17030908 |
| use of cfse staining of borreliae in studies on the interaction between borreliae and human neutrophils. | species of the tick-transmitted spirochete group borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (b. burgdorferi) cause lyme borreliosis. acute borrelial infection of the skin has unusual characteristics with only a mild local inflammatory response suggesting that the interaction between borreliae and the cells of the first-line defence might differ from that of other bacteria. it has been reported that human neutrophils phagocytose motile borreliae through an unconventional mechanism (tube phagocytosis) which ... | 2006 | 17049082 |
| detection of borrelia garinii, borrelia tanukii and borrelia sp. closely related to borrelia valaisiana in ixodes ticks removed from dogs and cats in japan. | ticks removed from 1136 dogs and 134 cats all over japan were examined for borrelia infection by pcr and sequencing. the 5s-23s rdna intergenic spacer of borrelia was detected from two ixodes persulcatus ticks from two dogs and two unidentified ixodes spp. from another two dogs in hokkaido, and two ixodes granulatus ticks from two cats in okinawa. additional 2 i. granulatus from the same cats also showed positive. sequence analysis of the pcr products revealed that the one from hokkaido was simi ... | 2007 | 17049744 |
| epidemiological characteristics and clinical manifestations of lyme borreliosis in croatia. | the goal was to show the epidemiological characteristics and clinical manifestations of lyme borreliosis in croatia. | 2006 | 17153550 |
| cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia presenting as a solitary facial nodule: clinical, histopathological, immunophenotypical, and molecular studies. | to elucidate the clinicopathological, immunophenotypical, and molecular characteristics of cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia presenting as a solitary facial nodule. | 2006 | 17178981 |
| prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi genospecies in ixodes ricinus ticks from lublin region (eastern poland). | the objective of the study was to determine the prevalence rate of 3 borrelia burgdorferi genospecies in ixodes ricinus ticks collected from wooded areas of the lublin region (eastern poland). a group of 1,813 i. ricinus ticks from 6 districts were examined for the presence of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (b.b.s.l.) by polymerase chain reaction (pcr). another group of 438 i. ricinus ticks collected from 4 districts were examined for the presence of b.b.s.l. by culture on bskh liquid medium co ... | 2006 | 17196005 |
| [detection of dna of borrelia circulating in novosibirsk region]. | detection of dna of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato was performed by pcr in taiga ticks ixodes persulcatus, in blood samples and skin bioptates of small forest mammals, and in blood and urine samples of humans after attaching of ticks events. in novosibirsk region both in natural reservoir and in patients with ixodes ticks-borne borreliosis dna of borrelia garinii and borrelia afzelii are detected. dna of these borrelia were detected in 8 from 72 of taiga ticks, in 36 from 298 of blood and skin ... | 2006 | 17297875 |