| attenuation of an original us porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strain pc22a via serial cell culture passage. | although porcine epidemic diarrhea (ped) has caused huge economic losses in the pork industry worldwide, an effective live, attenuated vaccine is lacking. in this study, an original us, highly virulent ped virus (pedv) strain pc22a was serially passaged in vero ccl81 and vero bi cells. the virus growth kinetics in cell culture, virulence in neonatal pigs and the whole genomic sequences of selected passages were examined. increased virus titers and sizes of syncytia were observed at the 65th pass ... | 2017 | 28284624 |
| porcine epidemic diarrhea virus shedding and antibody response in swine farms: a longitudinal study. | the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) causes an acute and highly contagious enteric disease characterized by severe enteritis, vomiting, watery diarrhea, and a high mortality rate in seronegative neonatal piglets. in the last few years, ped had a large economic impact on the swine industries in asia and the us, and in 2014, the pedv also re-emerged in europe. two main pedv variants circulate worldwide but only the s indel variant, considered a mild strain, is spreading in europe. to gain in ... | 2016 | 28018330 |
| characterization of chinese porcine epidemic diarrhea virus with novel insertions and deletions in genome. | outbreaks of porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (pedv) have caused great economic losses to the global pig industry. pedv strains with variants in the spike (s) gene have been reported in several countries. to better understand the molecular epidemiology and genetic diversity of pedv field isolates, in this study, we characterised the complete genome sequence of a novel pedv variant jscz1601 from a outbreak in china in 2016. the pedv isolate was 28,033 nucleotides (nt) in length without the polyad ... | 2017 | 28276526 |
| tight junction protein occludin is a porcine epidemic diarrhea virus entry factor. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), the causative agent of porcine epidemic diarrhea, has caused huge economic losses in pig-producing countries. although it was long believed to replicate in the intestinal epithelium using aminopeptidase n as a receptor, the mechanisms of pedv infection are not fully characterized. in this study, we found that pedv infection of epithelial cells resulted in the disruption of the tight junctional distribution of occludin to the intracellular localization. ove ... | 2017 | 28275187 |
| a multiplex rt-pcr assay for rapid and differential diagnosis of four porcine diarrhea associated viruses in field samples from pig farms in east china from 2010 to 2012. | since october 2010, clinical outbreaks of diarrhea in suckling piglets have reemerged in pig-producing areas of china, causing an acute increase in the morbidity and mortality in young piglets. four viruses, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), porcine group a rotaviruses (gar), and porcine circovirus 2 (pcv2), are the major causative agents of enteric disease in piglets. a novel multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (mrt-pcr) wa ... | 2013 | 23988656 |
| cell attachment domains of the pedv spike protein are key targets of neutralizing antibodies. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) causes enteric disease in pigs resulting in significant economic loss to the swine industry worldwide. current vaccination approaches against this emerging coronavirus are only partially effective, though natural infection protects pigs against re-infection and provides lactogenic immunity to suckling piglets. the viral spike (s) glycoprotein, responsible for receptor binding and cell entry, is the major target for neutralizing antibodies. however, knowledg ... | 2017 | 28381581 |
| immunogenicity of a recombinant parapoxvirus expressing the spike protein of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. | the parapoxvirus orf virus (orfv), has long been recognized for its immunomodulatory properties in permissive and non-permissive animal species. here, a new recombinant orfv expressing the full-length spike (s) protein of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) was generated and its immunogenicity and protective efficacy were evaluated in pigs. the pedv s was inserted into the orfv121 gene locus, an immunomodulatory gene that inhibits activation of the nf-κb signalling pathway and contributes to ... | 2016 | 27558814 |
| evolutionary and epidemiological analyses based on spike genes of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus circulating in thailand in 2008-2015. | porcine epidemic diarrhea (ped) has been endemic causing sporadic outbreaks in thailand since 2007. in 2014-2015, several herds had experienced severe ped outbreaks and the reason of the re-current outbreaks was unknown. whether or not the introduction of exotic strains or continual evolution of existing pedv, genetic analyses would provide a more understanding in its evolutionary pattern. in the study, 117 complete spike gene sequences of thai ped virus (pedv) collected from 2008 to 2015 were c ... | 2017 | 28235643 |
| first isolation and genetic characteristics of porcine sapeloviruses in hunan, china. | outbreaks of diarrhea in piglets cause serious economic consequences in china. diarrhetic fecal samples from 20 hunan farm piglets were tested and found to be positive for porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) by rt-pcr, although incubation with porcine kidney (pk-15) cells failed to produce infectious pedv. four porcine sapelovirus (psv) strains (designated as psv-huns) were isolated from four of the samples. genomic sequence analysis revealed open reading frames encoding polyproteins of 2,331 ... | 2017 | 28213873 |
| reactivity of anti-pedv structural protein antibodies to porcine enteric coronaviruses: diagnostic implications. | the development of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) antibody-based assays is important for detecting infected animals, confirming previous virus exposure, and monitoring sow herd immunity. however, the potential cross-reactivity among porcine coronaviruses is a major concern for the development of pathogen-specific assays. in this study, we used serum samples (n = 792) from pigs of precisely known infection status and a multiplex fluorescent microbead-based immunoassay and/or enzyme-linked ... | 2017 | 28202790 |
| comparison and evaluation of conventional rt-pcr, sybr green i and taqman real-time rt-pcr assays for the detection of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. | porcine epidemic diarrhea (ped) caused by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) is a highly contagious intestinal disease, resulting in substantial economic losses to the swine industry worldwide. in this study, three assays, namely a conventional reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr), a sybr green i real-time rt-pcr and a taqman real-time rt-pcr targeting the highly conserved m gene of pedv, were developed and evaluated. then, the analytical specificity, sensitivity and repr ... | 2017 | 28188840 |
| two distinct genotypes of porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus in vaccinated pig flocks in shandong province of china, 2012-2015. | as one of the top pork producers in china, shandong province suffered frequent outbreaks of porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (pedv) on pig farms from january 2012 to july 2015, resulting in significant economic losses. to better understand the prevalence situation, we conducted molecular epidemiological analyses of 38 pedv strains isolated from 13 cities in shandong province. the detection rate of pedv was 71.2% (146/205) by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). the s genes o ... | 2017 | 28188693 |
| nursery pig growth performance and tissue accretion modulation due to porcine epidemic diarrhea virus or porcine deltacoronavirus challenge. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) and porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) are both members of the family which induce clinical signs of diarrhea, dehydration, and in some circumstances, mortality. most research has been focused on isolation, genome sequencing, pathogenicity, and virulence of these viruses, but there is little information on long-term growth performance and tissue accretion of pigs inoculated with pedv or pdcov. therefore, our objective was to determine the effect of pedv or pd ... | 2017 | 28177368 |
| molecular detection of porcine astrovirus in sichuan province, china. | porcine astrovirus (poastv) is widely distributed worldwide, and is highly prevalent among piglets with or without diarrhea, existing as at least five distinct lineages (poastv1-poastv5) within the genus mamastrovirus. however, our knowledge of the diversity and epidemiology of poastv in china is limited. | 2016 | 26739067 |
| genomic organization and recombination analysis of a porcine sapovirus identified from a piglet with diarrhea in china. | sapovirus (sav), a member of the family caliciviridae, is an etiologic agent of gastroenteritis in humans and pigs. to date, both intra- and inter-genogroup recombinant strains have been reported in many countries except for china. here, we report an intra-genogroup recombination of porcine sav identified from a piglet with diarrhea of china. | 2017 | 28302145 |
| elevated plasma-soluble cd16 levels in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus-infected pigs: correlation with adam17-mediated shedding. | soluble cd16 (scd16) is closely correlated with chronic diseases in humans. here, plasma scd16 levels in pigs were increased by infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) but not with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, porcine circovirus type 2 and pseudorabies virus. of interest, prrsv attached to blood neutrophils and reduced surface cd16 expression on neutrophils. in vitro data confirmed that prrsv caused cd16 shedding in neutrophils. further analyses revealed th ... | 2016 | 26653711 |
| complete genome sequences of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strains jsls-1/2015 and js-2/2015 isolated from china. | two porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) strains, jsls-1/2015 and js-2/2015, were isolated from piglets with watery diarrhea in south china. two genomic sequences were highly homologous to the attenuated dr13 strain. furthermore, jsls-1/2015 contains a 24-amino-acid deletion in open reading frame 1b, which was first reported in pedv isolates. | 2016 | 27834697 |
| glycyrrhizin inhibits porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection and attenuates the proinflammatory responses by inhibition of high mobility group box-1 protein. | porcine epidemic diarrhea (ped), caused by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) infection, leads to significant economic losses in the swine industry worldwide. in our studies, we found that glycyrrhizin, the major component of licorice root extracts, could moderately inhibit pedv infection in vero cells, when analyzed by western blot, qrt-pcr and a plaque formation assay. we also revealed that glycyrrhizin inhibited the entry and replication of pedv. in addition, we demonstrated that glycyrrh ... | 2017 | 28175983 |
| goblet cell depletion in small intestinal villous and crypt epithelium of conventional nursing and weaned pigs infected with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. | intestinal goblet cells secret mucins to form mucus layers critical for maintaining the integrity of the intestinal epithelium. porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) causes watery diarrhea and high mortality of suckling pigs. pedv mainly infects villous epithelial cells of the small intestine, and infected cells undergo acute, massive necrosis, followed by severe villous atrophy. conventional 9-day-old nursing pigs [pedv-inoculated (n=9); mock (n=11)] and 26-day-old weaned [pedv-inoculated (n=1 ... | 2017 | 28159230 |
| efficient priming of cd4 t cells by langerin-expressing dendritic cells targeted with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus spike protein domains in pigs. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) first emerged in the united states in 2013 causing high mortality and morbidity in neonatal piglets with immense economic losses to the swine industry. pedv is an alpha-coronavirus replicating primarily in porcine intestinal cells. pedv vaccines are available in asia and europe, and conditionally-licensed vaccines recently became available in the united states but the efficacies of these vaccines in eliminating pedv from swine populations are questionable. ... | 2017 | 27784629 |
| sesquiterpenoids with various carbocyclic skeletons from the flowers of chrysanthemum indicum. | a phytochemical investigation of the flowers of chrysanthemum indicum yielded sesquiterpenoids 1-25 with various carbocyclic skeletons, including 10 new (1-10) and 15 known (11-25) analogues. the structures were elucidated via their physical data, while the absolute configuration of compounds 6, 8, and 10 was assessed via electronic circular dichroism analysis. the evaluation of the effect of sesquiterpenoids on porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) replication showed that compounds 1-5, 12, 14 ... | 2017 | 28156114 |
| novel approach for isolation and identification of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) strain nj using porcine intestinal epithelial cells. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), which is the causative agent of porcine epidemic diarrhea in china and other countries, is responsible for serious economic losses in the pork industry. inactivated pedv vaccine plays a key role in controlling the prevalence of pedv. however, consistently low viral titers are obtained during the propagation of pedv in vitro; this represents a challenge to molecular analyses of the virus and vaccine development. in this study, we successfully isolated a ped ... | 2017 | 28117718 |
| ifn-lambda preferably inhibits pedv infection of porcine intestinal epithelial cells compared with ifn-alpha. | in contrast to type i interferons that target various types of cells and organs, interferon lambda (ifn-l) primarily acts on mucosal epithelial cells and exhibits robust antiviral activity within the mucosal surface. porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), which causes high morbidity and mortality in piglets, is an enteropathogenic coronavirus with economic importance. here, we demonstrated that both recombinant porcine ifn-l1 (rpifn-l1) and rpifn-l3 have powerful antiviral activity against pedv ... | 2017 | 28109912 |
| elimination of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in an animal feed manufacturing facility. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) was the first virus of wide scale concern to be linked to possible transmission by livestock feed or ingredients. measures to exclude pathogens, prevent cross-contamination, and actively reduce the pathogenic load of feed and ingredients are being developed. however, research thus far has focused on the role of chemicals or thermal treatment to reduce the rna in the actual feedstuffs, and has not addressed potential residual contamination within the manufac ... | 2017 | 28099453 |
| novel porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) variants with large deletions in the spike (s) gene coexist with pedv strains possessing an intact s gene in domestic pigs in japan: a new disease situation. | since late 2013, after an absence of seven years, outbreaks of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) infection have reemerged and swept rapidly across japan, resulting in significant economic losses. in this study, we report the emergence, mixed infection, and genetic characterization of 15 novel field pedv variants with large genomic deletions. the sizes of deletion varied between 582 nt (194 aa) and 648 nt (216 aa) at positions 28-714 (10-238) on the s gene (protein). among 17 pedv samples is ... | 2017 | 28095455 |
| understanding the early dynamics of the 2014 porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) outbreak in ontario using the incidence decay and exponential adjustment (idea) model. | the united states swine industry was first confronted with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) in 2013. in young pigs, the virus is highly pathogenic and the associated morbidity and mortality has a significant negative impact on the swine industry. we have applied the idea model to better understand the 2014 pedv outbreak in ontario, canada. using our simple, 2-parameter idea model, we have evaluated the early epidemic dynamics of pedv on ontario swine farms. | 2017 | 28056953 |
| nucleocapsid interacts with npm1 and protects it from proteolytic cleavage, enhancing cell survival, and is involved in pedv growth. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) replicates in the cytoplasm of infected cells, but its nucleocapsid (n) protein localizes specifically to the nucleolus. the mechanism of nuclear translocation, and whether n protein associates with particular nucleolar components, is unknown. in this study, we confirm that a nucleolar phosphoprotein nucleophosmin (npm1) interacts and co-localizes with the n protein in the nucleolus. in vitro binding studies indicated that aa 148-294 of n and aa 118-188 of ... | 2017 | 28045037 |
| the identification and characterization of two novel epitopes on the nucleocapsid protein of the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) is a highly contagious coronavirus that causes severe diarrhea and death, particularly in neonatal piglets. the nucleocapsid protein (n protein) of pedv presents strong immunogenicity and contributes to the cross-reactivity between pedv and tgev. however, the characterization of epitopes on the pedv n protein remains largely unknown. here, two monoclonal antibodies (mabs) specific to the n protein of a pedv strain, fjzz1/2011, were generated and screened ag ... | 2016 | 27991537 |
| porcine deltacoronavirus nsp5 inhibits interferon-β production through the cleavage of nemo. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) causes acute enteric disease and mortality in seronegative neonatal piglets. previously we have demonstrated that pdcov infection suppresses the production of interferon-beta (ifn-β), while the detailed mechanisms are poorly understood. here, we demonstrate that nonstructural protein 5 (nsp5) of pdcov, the 3c-like protease, significantly inhibits sendai virus (sev)-induced ifn-β production by targeting the nf-κb essential modulator (nemo), confirmed by the dimini ... | 2017 | 27984784 |
| vaccines for porcine epidemic diarrhea virus and other swine coronaviruses. | the recent introduction of the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) into the north american swine herd has highlighted again the need for effective vaccines for swine coronaviruses. while vaccines for transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) have been available to producers around the world for a long time, effective vaccines for pedv and deltacoronaviruses were only recently developed or are still in development. here, we review existing vaccine technologies for swine coronaviruses and high ... | 2016 | 27964998 |
| immune response of gilts to single and double infection with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. | immune response of gilts following single and double infection with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) at gilt acclimatization and prepartum were investigated. one hundred pedv-naïve gilts were divided into two groups: negative (neg) and feedback (fb) groups. antibody responses in serum, colostrum, and milk samples were measured by igg/iga elisa and virus neutralization assay (vn). fecal shedding was investigated using rt-pcr. in summary, a single infection at gilt acclimatization resulted i ... | 2017 | 28271162 |
| n-acetylcysteine supplementation alleviates intestinal injury in piglets infected by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) infects the intestine of young pigs, but effective measures for prevention and treatment are lacking. n-acetylcysteine (nac) has been shown to reduce endotoxin-induced intestinal dysfunction. this study was conducted with the pedv-infected neonatal piglet model to determine the effect of nac supplementation on intestinal function. thirty-two 7-day-old piglets were randomly allocated to one of four treatments in a 2 × 2 factorial design consisting of two liq ... | 2017 | 28258325 |
| complete genome sequence of variant porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strain ch/hnzz47/2016 isolated from suckling piglets in china. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) could cause an acute and highly contagious enteric disease in swine. here, we report the complete genome sequence of pedv strain ch/hnzz47/2016 isolated from suckling piglets with mild diarrhea in henan province, china. it will help understand the molecular and evolutionary characteristics of pedv in china. | 2017 | 28254990 |
| porcine deltacoronavirus nsp5 antagonizes type i interferon signaling by cleaving stat2. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) is an emerging swine enteropathogenic coronavirus. the first outbreak of pdcov was announced from the united states in 2014, followed by reports in asia. the nonstructural protein nsp5 is a 3c-like protease of coronavirus and our previous study showed that pdcov nsp5 inhibits type i interferon (ifn) production. in this study, we found that pdcov nsp5 significantly inhibited ifn-stimulated response element (isre) promoter activity and transcription of ifn-stimulat ... | 2017 | 28250121 |
| occurrence and sequence analysis of porcine deltacoronaviruses in southern china. | following the initial isolation of porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) from pigs with diarrheal disease in the united states in 2014, the virus has been detected on swine farms in some provinces of china. to date, little is known about the molecular epidemiology of pdcov in southern china where major swine production is operated. | 2016 | 27496131 |
| inter-laboratory study to characterize the detection of serum antibodies against porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) has caused extensive economic losses to pig producers in many countries. it was recently introduced, for the first time, into north america and outbreaks have occurred again in multiple countries within europe as well. to assess the properties of various diagnostic assays for the detection of pedv infection, multiple panels of porcine sera have been shared and tested for the presence of antibodies against pedv in an inter-laboratory ring trial. different la ... | 2016 | 27938678 |
| ultrasensitive detection of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus from fecal samples using functionalized nanoparticles. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) is the main causative agent of porcine diarrhea, which has resulted in devastating damage to swine industry and become a perplexed global problem. pedv infection causes lesions and clinical symptoms, and infected pigs often succumb to severe dehydration. if there is not a timely and effective method to control its infection, pedv will spread rapidly across the whole swine farm. therefore, preclinical identification of pedv is of great significance for preve ... | 2016 | 27936019 |
| diagnostic evaluation of assays for detection of antibodies against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) in pigs exposed to different pedv strains. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) has caused economic losses in the americas, asia and europe in recent years. reliable serological assays are essential for epidemiological studies and vaccine evaluation. the objective of this study was to compare the ability of five enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) to detect antibodies against different pedv strains in pig serum. a total of 732 serum samples from north american or european pigs were tested. samples included experimental samples ... | 2016 | 27931933 |
| detection and phylogenetic analysis of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in central china based on the orf3 gene and the s1 gene. | porcine epidemic diarrhea (ped) has increased in severity in china since 2010. to investigate further the infectivity, genetic diversity and molecular epidemiology of its causative agent, the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), we assessed 129 clinical samples, which were the intestinal tissue of piglets with severe diarrhea, from 17 cities in central china. both the spike (s) glycoprotein (s1, 1-789 amino acids (aa)) and the full-length orf3 gene of 21 representative field strains from 21 f ... | 2016 | 27887624 |
| increased frequency of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus shedding and lesions in suckling pigs compared to nursery pigs and protective immunity in nursery pigs after homologous re-challenge. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) causes enteric disease in pigs and spreads rapidly after entering naïve pig populations. the objectives were to (1) compare the disease course following inoculation with pedv isolate us/colorado/2013 in naïve 10 day and 8 week-old pigs, and (2) contrast the naïve response to homologous challenge in 8 week-old pigs. pigs were randomly assigned into group 1 (n = 40, no pedv exposure), group 2 (n = 43, pedv inoculation at 10 days of age) and group 3 (n = 48, p ... | 2016 | 27871312 |
| isolation and characterization of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus associated with the 2014 disease outbreak in mexico: case report. | interest in porcine epidemic diarrhea has grown since the 2013 outbreak in the united states caused major losses, with mortality rates up to 100 % in suckling piglets. in mexico, an outbreak of porcine epidemic diarrhea, characterized by 100 % mortality in piglets, began in march 2014 in the state of mexico. | 2016 | 27357720 |
| a sensitive duplex nanoparticle-assisted pcr assay for identifying porcine epidemic diarrhea virus and porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus from clinical specimens. | in this study, a novel duplex nanoparticle-assisted polymerase chain reaction (nanopcr) assay was developed to detect porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) and porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev). two pairs of primers were designed based on the conserved region within the n gene of pedv and tgev. in a screening of 114 clinical samples from four provinces in china for pedv and tgev, 48.2 and 3.5 % of the samples, respectively, tested positive. under optimized conditions, the duple ... | 2017 | 27815750 |
| a retrospective study detects a novel variant of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in england in archived material from the year 2000. | outbreaks of porcine epidemic diarrhea (ped) were first recorded in england in the 1970s and continued to be confirmed until 2002. retrospective analysis of archived material from one of the last confirmed cases in england in the year 2000 demonstrates the previous existence of a very diverse ped virus strain. following the outbreaks of ped in north america in 2013, there has been renewed interest in phylogenetic analysis of sequences from pedv strains worldwide. there is a gap in the available ... | 2016 | 27812401 |
| development of one-step real-time reverse transcriptase-pcr-based assays for the rapid and simultaneous detection of four viruses causing porcine diarrhea. | porcine diarrhea caused by viruses is a major problem of the pig farming industry and can result in substantial losses of revenue. thus, diagnosing the infectious agents is important to prevent and control diseases in pigs. we developed novel one-step real-time quantitative rt-pcr (qpcr) assays that can detect four porcine diarrheal viruses simultaneously: porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov), and porcine group a rot ... | 2016 | 27348884 |
| porcine amino peptidase n domain vii has critical role in binding and entry of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) infects swine intestinal cells causing enteric disease. research has shown that the entry into these cells is through porcine aminopeptidase n (papn) receptor. to gain insights into mechanisms of pedv-papn interactions, the present study aimed at identifying the domain that is critical for pedv binding. to this end, nih3t3 cell lines constitutively expressing papn or papn mutants were generated. the mutants were; domain vii deletion mutant and domains iv-vi ... | 2017 | 27732876 |
| porcine epidemic diarrhea virus 3c-like protease-mediated nucleocapsid processing: possible link to viral cell culture adaptability. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) causes severe diarrhea and high mortality rates in newborn piglets, leading to massive losses to the swine industry worldwide during recent epidemics. intense research efforts are now focusing on defining viral characteristics that confer a growth advantage, pathogenicity, or cell adaptability in order to better understand the pedv life cycle and identify suitable targets for antiviral or vaccine development. here, we report a unique phenomenon of pedv nucl ... | 2017 | 27807240 |
| orally administrated whole yeast vaccine against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus induced high levels of iga response in mice and piglets. | the mucosal immune response against the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) is very important in piglets. to develop a pedv vaccine suitable for inducing high levels of intestinal iga in piglets, recombinant yeast expressing the pedv s1 gene was constructed and tested by oral immunization of mice and piglets. the s1-specific igg and iga were tested at 0, 14, and 28 days postimmunization (dpi) in mice. compared to the control group, the mice treated with s1 expressing yeast, demonstrated signi ... | 2016 | 27598459 |
| characterization of a pathogenic full-length cdna clone of a virulent porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strain ah2012/12 in china. | since 2010, outbreaks of variant porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) have swept across the world causing substantial economic losses. the development of new, more effective vaccines has been hampered by difficulties in isolating strains and viral genome manipulation. in the present study, we successfully isolated a highly pathogenic field strain ah2012/12, from a pig farm reporting severe diarrhea in china. phylogenetic analysis revealed that the new isolate belongs to group g2, which represe ... | 2017 | 27770703 |
| generation of a monoclonal antibody to s1 protein of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. | gene encoding the n-terminal half of spike protein (s1) of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) was cloned and expressed as a recombinant protein in escherichia coli bl21 (de3). then, female balb/c mice were immunized with the purified recombinant s1 protein (rs1), and a monoclonal antibody (mab designated as 5e12) against the rs1 protein was achieved by hybridoma technique. mab 5e12 not only reacted with rs1 protein indirect elisa and western blot, but also recognized pedv transiently express ... | 2013 | 24111871 |
| identification and comparison of receptor binding characteristics of the spike protein of two porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strains. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), a member of alphacoronavirus, has caused huge economic losses for the global pork industry recently. the spike (s) protein mediates pedv entry into host cells. herein, we investigated the interactions between the s protein and its receptor porcine aminopeptidase n (papn) or co-receptor sugars. the c-terminal domain (ctd) of the s1 domain is bound to papn. the prototype strain demonstrated similar receptor-binding activity compared with the variant field is ... | 2016 | 26907329 |
| stress, nutrition, and intestinal immune responses in pigs - a review. | modern livestock production became highly intensive and large scaled to increase production efficiency. this production environment could add stressors affecting the health and growth of animals. major stressors can include environment (air quality and temperature), nutrition, and infection. these stressors can reduce growth performance and alter immune systems at systemic and local levels including the gastrointestinal tract. heat stress increases the permeability, oxidative stress, and inflamm ... | 2016 | 27189643 |
| molecular epidemiological investigation of porcine kobuvirus and its coinfection rate with pedv and sav in northwest china. | porcine kobuvirus (pkv) has circulated throughout china in recent years. although many studies have detected it throughout the world, its molecular epidemiology has not been characterized in northwest china. to understand its prevalence, 203 fecal samples were collected from different regions of gansu province and tested with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. in this study, we tested these samples for pkv, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), and sapovirus and analyzed the ampl ... | 2016 | 27294133 |
| characterization of a novel chimeric swine enteric coronavirus from diseased pigs in central eastern europe in 2016. | during a severe outbreak of diarrhoea and vomiting in a pig herd in central eastern europe, faecal samples were tested positive for porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (pedv) and negative for transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) using a commercial rt-qpcr assay that can detect both of these coronaviruses. however, further analyses, using other tgev- and pedv-specific rt-qpcr assays, provided results inconsistent with infection by either of these viruses. sequencing of an amplicon (ca. 1.6 kb) ... | 2016 | 27619563 |
| cell entry of porcine epidemic diarrhea coronavirus is activated by lysosomal proteases. | porcine epidemic diarrhea coronavirus (pedv) is currently devastating the united states pork industry by causing an 80-100% fatality rate in infected piglets. coronavirus spike proteins mediate virus entry into cells, a process that requires the spike proteins to be proteolytically activated. it has been a conundrum which proteases activate pedv entry. here we systematically investigated the roles of different proteases in pedv entry using pseudovirus entry, biochemical, and live virus infection ... | 2016 | 27729455 |
| characterization of anti-porcine epidemic diarrhea virus neutralizing activity in mammary secretions. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) causes a severe clinical enteric disease in suckling neonates with up to 100% mortality, resulting in devastating economic losses to the pork industry in recent years. maternal immunity via colostrum and milk is a vital source to neonates of passive protection against diarrhea, dehydration and death caused by pedv. comprehensive information on neutralizing activity (na) against pedv in mammary secretions is critically important for assessing the protective ... | 2016 | 27287711 |
| tissue localization, shedding, virus carriage, antibody response, and aerosol transmission of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus following inoculation of 4-week-old feeder pigs. | we determined tissue localization, shedding patterns, virus carriage, antibody response, and aerosol transmission of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) following inoculation of 4-week-old feeder pigs. thirty-three pigs were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups for the 42-day study: inoculated (group a; n = 23), contact transmission (group b; n = 5), and aerosol transmission (group c; n = 5). contact transmission occurred rapidly to group b pigs whereas productive aerosol transmission failed to ... | 2016 | 27698163 |
| evaluation of the minimum infectious dose of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in virus-inoculated feed. | objective to determine the minimum infectious dose of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) in virus-inoculated feed. animals 30 crossbred 10-day-old pigs. procedures tissue culture pedv was diluted to form 8 serial 10-fold dilutions. an aliquot of stock virus (5.6 × 10(5) tcid50/ml) and each serial pedv dilution were mixed into 4.5-kg batches of feed to create 9 pedv-inoculated feed doses; 1 virus-negative dose of culture medium in feed was also created. pigs were challenge exposed via oral ad ... | 2016 | 27668582 |
| from the field to the lab - an european view on the global spread of pedv. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) is a member of the genus alphacoronavirus, in the family coronaviridae, of the nidovirales order and outbreaks of porcine epidemic diarrhoea (ped) were first recorded in england in the 1970s. intriguingly the virus has since successfully made its way around the globe, while seemingly becoming extinct in parts of europe before its recent return from northern america. in this review we are re-evaluating the spread of pedv, its biology and are looking at lesso ... | 2016 | 27637348 |
| porcine epidemic diarrhea virus nucleoprotein contributes to hmgb1 transcription and release by interacting with c/ebp-β. | porcine epidemic diarrhea is a devastating swine enteric disease, which is caused by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) infection. our studies demonstrated that pedv infection resulted in the up-regulation of proinflammatory cytokines. meanwhile, pedv infection and overexpression of viral nucleoprotein resulted in the acetylation and release of high mobility group box 1 proteins in vitro, an important proinflammatory response mediator, which contributes to the pathogenesis of various inflamm ... | 2016 | 27634894 |
| suppression of virulent porcine epidemic diarrhea virus proliferation by the pi3k/akt/gsk-3α/β pathway. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) has recently caused high mortality in suckling piglets with subsequent large economic losses to the swine industry. many intracellular signaling pathways, including the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (pi3k)/akt pathway, are activated by viral infection. the pi3k/akt pathway is an important cellular pathway that has been shown to be required for virus replication. in the present study, we found that the pedv js-2013 strain activated akt in vero cells at early ... | 2016 | 27560518 |
| genomic investigation of piglet resilience following porcine epidemic diarrhea outbreaks. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) belongs to the coronaviridae family and causes malabsorptive watery diarrhea, vomiting, dehydration and imbalanced blood electrolytes in pigs. since the 1970s, ped outbreaks have become a source of problems in pig producing countries all over the world, causing large economic losses for pig producers. although the infection in adults is not fatal, in naïve suckling piglets mortality is close to 100%. in this study, we investigated genome-wide differences be ... | 2017 | 27943331 |
| status of vaccines for porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in the united states and canada. | in 2013, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) emerged in the united states as a rapidly spreading epidemic causing dramatic death losses in suckling piglets. neonatal piglets are most vulnerable to clinical disease and their only protection is passive immunity from their dam. at the end of the third year of the pedv outbreak, most us sow herds have been infected and many are entering into an endemic disease with much less, but still chronic losses. this endemic state and the occasional naïve h ... | 2016 | 27545066 |
| wild boars harboring porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) may play an important role as a pedv reservoir. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) is a burdensome pathogen in the swine industry. wild boar population poses a high risk for reservoir of viral pathogen. two hundred eighty seven samples from wild boar (sus scrofa) collected in south korea during 2010/11 were analyzed using rt-pcr, revealing a pedv infection rate of 9.75% (28/287). pedv positive samples were distributed throughout the mainland of south korea, clustering at the northern border adjacent to the demilitarized zone (dmz) and in ... | 2016 | 27527769 |
| dynamics of virus distribution in a defined swine production network using enteric viruses as molecular markers. | modern swine production systems represent complex and dynamic networks involving numerous stakeholders. for instance, livestock transporters carry live animals between fattening sites, abattoirs, and other premises on a daily basis. this interconnected system may increase the risk of microbial spread within and between networks, although little information is available in that regard. in the present study, a swine network composed of 10 finishing farms, one abattoir, and three types of stakehold ... | 2017 | 27940545 |
| sequence analysis of the spike gene of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus isolated from south china during 2011-2015. | the spike (s) gene of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) was sequenced from 55 south china field strains isolated from pigs with symptoms of diarrhea. these sequences were compared within the set as well as with the reference strains available in genbank. within the 55 south china pedv field strains, the deduced amino acid sequence identities ranged from 93.8-99.9 % and 90.7-99.5 % when compared with the foreign reference strains reported in genbank. our phylogenetic analysis showed that 10 ... | 2016 | 27515262 |
| quantifying the effect of lactogenic antibody on porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection in neonatal piglets. | the contribution of lactogenic antibody to the protection of piglets against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) was evaluated. pregnant multiparous sows and their litters were allocated to one of 3 treatment groups: group 1-6 serum antibody-negative sows and a subset (n=11) of their piglets. group 2-8 serum antibody-positive sows and their 91 piglets. piglets were orally inoculated with pedv at 4 (group 1) or 2 (group 2) days of age. group 3-2 pedv serum antibody-negative sows and 22 piglets ... | 2016 | 27938689 |
| porcine aminopeptidase n is not a cellular receptor of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, but promotes its infectivity via aminopeptidase activity. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), a causative agent of pig diarrhoea, has recently caused significant economic damage worldwide. porcine aminopeptidase n (papn) has been reported to be the receptor for pedv, although robust evidence is lacking. in the present study, we explored whether papn functions as a receptor for pedv. human hela cells expressing papn and papn-positive porcine cpk cells failed to support pedv infection, but were susceptible to infection by transmissible gastroenteriti ... | 2016 | 27449937 |
| the first detection and full-length genome sequence of porcine deltacoronavirus isolated in lao pdr. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) has been reported in many countries, including hong kong, the united states, south korea, china and thailand. in january 2016, clinical diarrhea similar to that of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) with a lower mortality rate was reported on a swine farm in lao pdr. intestine samples were collected from 3-day-old pigs with clinical diarrhea and assayed for the presence of swine enteric coronaviruses. the pcr results were positive for pdcov but negative for p ... | 2016 | 27424024 |
| complete genome sequence of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus from an outbreak in a vaccinated farm in shandong, china. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, a member of the family coronaviridae, is an economically important pathogen that causes severe enteritis, vomiting, dehydration, and a high mortality rate, especially among suckling piglets. here, we report the complete genome sequence (28,036 nucleotides [nt]) of a porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) strain isolated in a novel outbreak in shandong, china. | 2016 | 27389267 |
| porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection inhibits interferon signaling by targeted degradation of stat1. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) is a worldwide-distributed alphacoronavirus, but the pathogenesis of pedv infection is not fully characterized. during virus infection, type i interferon (ifn) is a key mediator of innate antiviral responses. most coronaviruses develop some strategy for at least partially circumventing the ifn response by limiting the production of ifn and by delaying the activation of the ifn response. however, the molecular mechanisms by which pedv antagonizes the antivir ... | 2016 | 27384656 |
| full-length genome analysis of two genetically distinct variants of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in thailand. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) has continued to cause sporadic outbreaks in thailand since 2007 and a pandemic variant containing an insertion and deletion in the spike gene was responsible for outbreaks. in 2014, there were further outbreaks of the disease occurring within four months of each other. in this study, the full-length genome sequences of two genetically distinct pedv isolates from the outbreaks were characterized. the two pedv isolates, cbr1/2014 and eas1/2014, were 28,039 a ... | 2016 | 27353184 |
| phylogenetic tracking of current porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) strains in the philippines. | to trace the possible route of introduction of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), the phylogenetic relationships of pedv strains in the regions of epidemicity in the philippines to pedv strains that are endemic in other countries were investigated. partial nucleotide sequences of the s1 spike gene was determined from the pedv-positive samples and compared with s1 sequences from other countries. phylogenetic analysis indicated that pedv strains in the philippines segregate into two groups. m ... | 2016 | 27350060 |
| new emergence pattern with variant porcine epidemic diarrhea viruses, south korea, 2012-2015. | since outbreaks of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) in the united states in 2013, explosive outbreaks of ped in south korea have infected all age groups of pigs in 2014-2015year. this study analyzed a large collection of the spike protein coding gene to infer the spatial-temporal diffusion history of pedv. the studying results suggested that pedvs in korea belonged to different genogroups. while classical g1 was continuingly circulating between provinces of korea, the pandemic g2a were rec ... | 2016 | 27345861 |
| comparison of thermal and non-thermal processing of swine feed and the use of selected feed additives on inactivation of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv). | infection with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) causes diarrhea, vomiting, and high mortality in suckling pigs. contaminated feed has been suggested as a vehicle of transmission for pedv. the objective of this study was to compare thermal and electron beam processing, and the inclusion of feed additives on the inactivation of pedv in feed. feed samples were spiked with pedv and then heated to 120-145°c for up to 30 min or irradiated at 0-50 kgy. another set of feed samples spiked with pedv ... | 2016 | 27341670 |
| complete genome sequence of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strain col/cundinamarca/2014 from colombia. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) has been found throughout europe and asia, and has emerged in north and south america. a whole genome sequence was obtained from a paraffin-embedded tissue sample from the instituto colombiano agropecuario (ica), colombia through next generation sequencing techniques to further understand the evolution of pedv. | 2016 | 27103712 |
| epidemic strain yc2014 of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus could provide piglets against homologous challenge. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) is the main causative agent of porcine epidemic diarrhea (ped). since december 2010, a large-scale outbreak of diarrhea has been observed in swine farms in china. accumulated evidence indicates that this large-scale outbreak of diarrhea were caused by highly virulent pedv variants. | 2016 | 27103490 |
| porcine epidemic diarrhea: a retrospect from europe and matters of debate. | a retrospect is given on the emergence of porcine epidemic diarrhea (ped) during the early seventies in europe. while, at first, it appeared as a disease affecting feeder pigs, fattening- and adult swine, it later also became pathogenic for neonatal and suckling pigs hereby drastically increasing its economic impact. isolation of the causative virus revealed a new porcine coronavirus, the origin of which has never been clarified. pathogenesis studies with the prototype strain cv777 showed severe ... | 2016 | 27317168 |
| cellular entry of the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), a coronavirus discovered more than 40 years ago, regained notoriety recently by its devastating outbreaks in east asia and the americas, causing substantial economic losses to the swine husbandry. the virus replicates extensively and almost exclusively in the epithelial cells of the small intestine resulting in villus atrophy, malabsorption and severe diarrhea. cellular entry of this enveloped virus is mediated by the large spike (s) glycoprotein, trimers ... | 2016 | 27317167 |
| phylogenetic and antigenic characterization of newly isolated porcine epidemic diarrhea viruses in japan. | to evaluate the mechanism by which a large outbreak of porcine epidemic diarrhea (ped) occurred in japan, where the majority of sows are vaccinated, we isolated two new strains of ped virus (pedv) from the intestines of piglets and found that they showed greater similarity to us isolates (group ii pedv) than to the japanese vaccine strain (group i pedv). we compared the antigenicity of the vaccine type strain and newly isolated strains by means of a neutralization test using sera from a number o ... | 2016 | 27292080 |
| evolution, antigenicity and pathogenicity of global porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strains. | emerging and re-emerging coronaviruses cause morbidity and mortality in human and animal populations, resulting in serious public and animal health threats and economic losses. the ongoing outbreak of a highly contagious and deadly porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) in asia, the americas and europe is one example. genomic sequence analyses of pedv variants have revealed important insights into the evolution of pedv. however, the antigenic variations among different pedv strains are less expl ... | 2016 | 27288724 |
| porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) detection and antibody response in commercial growing pigs. | longitudinal samples from two production sites were used to (1) describe the pattern of pedv shedding (rrt-pcr) in individual rectal swabs, pen fecal samples, and pen oral fluids (of); (2) describe the kinetics of pedv antibody by elisa (iga, igg) testing of pig serum and pen oral fluid samples; and (3) establish cutoffs and performance estimates for pedv wv elisas (iga, igg). site one was pedv positive; site two was pedv negative. on site one, pen samples (feces and oral fluids) and pig samples ... | 2016 | 27287624 |
| porcine deltacoronavirus: overview of infection dynamics, diagnostic methods, prevalence and genetic evolution. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) was first reported in hong kong, china in 2012 and reported in united states swine in february 2014. pdcov has subsequently been detected in south korea, mainland china, and thailand. pdcov has been experimentally confirmed to cause diarrhea in inoculated pigs and need to be differentially diagnosed from porcine epidemic diarrhea virus and transmissible gastroenteritis virus in the field. rapid diagnosis is critical for the implementation of efficient control str ... | 2016 | 27270129 |
| porcine epidemic diarrhea in china. | porcine epidemic diarrhea (ped) is a contagious intestinal disease caused by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) that characterized by vomiting, diarrhea, and dehydration. pedv was first identified in the 1980s in china, and since then, it has become one of the most common viral causes of diarrhea. in october 2010, a large-scale outbreak of ped caused by a pedv variant occurred in china, resulting in tremendous economic losses. this review presents a comprehensive description of pedv history, ... | 2016 | 27261169 |
| us variant porcine epidemic diarrhea virus: histological lesions and genetic characterization. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) was first recognized in pigs in the united states (us) in may 2013. since then, the virus has spread to over 30 states and caused significant economic losses in the us swine industry due to the high mortality in newborn piglets less than 2 weeks of age. a mild-variant strain oh851 of pedv in the us was first reported in january 2014. here, we report histological changes in the small intestines of five piglets infected with the variant strain oh851 of pedv. ... | 2016 | 27059242 |
| complete genome sequence of the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strain slo/jh-11/2015. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) was detected for the first time in slovenia in january 2015. the complete genome sequence of pedv strain slo/jh-11/2015, obtained from a fecal sample of a fattening pig with diarrhea in september 2015, is closely related to recently detected european strains. | 2016 | 27056240 |
| effects of inactivated porcine epidemic diarrhea virus on porcine monocyte-derived dendritic cells and intestinal dendritic cells. | porcine epidemic diarrhea (ped) is a serious infection in neonatal piglets. as the causative agent of ped, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) results in acute diarrhea and dehydration with high mortality rates in swine. dendritic cells (dcs) are highly effective antigen-presenting cells to uptake and present viral antigens to t cells, which then initiate a distinct immune response. in this study, our results show that the expression of mo-dcs surface markers such as swc3a(+)cd1a(+), swc3a(+) ... | 2016 | 27234553 |
| does circulating antibody play a role in the protection of piglets against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus? | the contribution of circulating antibody to the protection of naïve piglets against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) was evaluated using a passive antibody transfer model. piglets (n = 62) derived from 6 sows were assigned to one of 6 different treatments using a randomized block design which provided for allocation of all treatments to all sows' litters. each treatment was designed to achieve a different level of circulating anti-pedv antibody via intraperitoneally administration of conce ... | 2016 | 27050556 |
| pig epidemic diarrhoea virus s gene variant with a large deletion non-lethal to colostrum-deprived newborn piglets. | we previously identified a third porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (pedv) s variant with a large deletion of 582 nucleotides in the 5' terminal region of the s gene, in addition to the north american type and the s indels type. to investigate the pathogenicity of this variant, ttr-2/jpn/2014, we performed experimental infection using colostrum-deprived piglets and compared the results with those from the north american type pedv, okn-1/jpn/2013. fifteen newborn piglets were divided into two group ... | 2016 | 27226332 |
| s1 domain of the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus spike protein as a vaccine antigen. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) is a highly contagious virus infecting pigs of all ages with high morbidity and mortality among newborn piglets. currently, there is no effective vaccine available to protect the pigs from pedv. the n-terminal subunit of spike protein (s1) is responsible for virus binding to the cellular receptor and contains a number of neutralizing antibody epitopes. thus, we expressed and produced recombinant s1 protein to protect newborn piglets by immunization of sows. | 2016 | 27036203 |
| two-way antigenic cross-reactivity between porcine epidemic diarrhea virus and porcine deltacoronavirus. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) and porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcv) cause indistinguishable clinical signs and pathological changes in swine. here we investigated the antigenic relationship between pedv and pdcv. we provide the first evidence that conserved epitope(s) on the respective viral nucleocapsid proteins cross-react with each other although virus neutralization cross-reactivity was not observed. as a practical matter, prevention of these two very similar diseases of swine will re ... | 2016 | 27016762 |
| monitoring the spread of swine enteric coronavirus diseases in the united states in the absence of a regulatory framework. | the reporting and monitoring of swine enteric coronavirus diseases (secd), including porcine epidemic diarrhea virus and porcine delta coronavirus, in the united states have been challenging because of the initial absence of a regulatory framework and the emerging nature of these diseases. the national animal health laboratory network, the emergency management and response system, and the swine health monitoring project were used to monitor the disease situation between may 2013 and march 2015. ... | 2016 | 27014703 |
| a computationally designed serological assay for porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. | the periodic emergence of new infectious agents and the genetic and antigenic evolution of existing agents necessitate the improvement of technology for the rapid development of diagnostic assays. the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) emerged in the united states in 2013, causing severe economic damage to the pork industry. the primary goal of this study was to develop methods to reduce the lead time for serological assay development. an approach involving the computational prediction of di ... | 2016 | 27225413 |
| the rate of co-infection for piglet diarrhea viruses in china and the genetic characterization of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus and porcine kobuvirus. | piglet diarrhea epidemics result in major economic losses for the swine industry. four viruses are closely linked to porcine diarrhea: porcine kobuvirus (pkv), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), and porcine rotavirus (prov). we have conducted an epidemiology study to determine the frequency of infection and co-infection with these viruses in china, and characterized the genetic variation of the isolated pedv and pkv strains. stool and inte ... | 2016 | 26982468 |
| construction of a bivalent dna vaccine co-expressing s genes of transmissible gastroenteritis virus and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus delivered by attenuated salmonella typhimurium. | porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) can cause severe diarrhea in newborn piglets and led to significant economic losses. the s proteins are the main structural proteins of pedv and tgev capable of inducing neutralizing antibodies in vivo. in this study, a dna vaccine sl7207 (pvaxd-ps1-ts) co-expressing s proteins of tgev and pedv delivered by attenuated salmonella typhimurium was constructed and its immunogenicity in piglets was investiga ... | 2016 | 26980672 |
| modeling the transboundary risk of feed ingredients contaminated with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. | this study describes a model developed to evaluate the transboundary risk of pedv-contaminated swine feed ingredients and the effect of two mitigation strategies during a simulated transport event from china to the us. | 2016 | 26968372 |
| comparison of lentiviruses pseudotyped with s proteins from coronaviruses and cell tropisms of porcine coronaviruses. | the surface glycoproteins of coronaviruses play an important role in receptor binding and cell entry. different coronaviruses interact with their specific receptors to enter host cells. lentiviruses pseudotyped with their spike proteins (s) were compared to analyze the entry efficiency of various coronaviruses. our results indicated that s proteins from different coronaviruses displayed varied abilities to mediate pseudotyped virus infection. furthermore, the cell tropisms of porcine epidemic di ... | 2016 | 26908211 |
| complete genome sequence of a porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strain from vietnam, hua-14ped96, with a large genomic deletion. | a highly virulent strain of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) causing severe diarrhea has recently emerged in vietnam. genomic sequences from a novel strain, hua-14ped96, isolated from a vietnamese piglet with serious diarrhea show relatively high identity with u.s.-like pedv strains, and have a 72-nt deletion in the open reading frame 1a (orf1a) gene. | 2016 | 26893409 |
| isolation and molecular characterization of porcine epidemic diarrhea viruses collected in japan in 2014. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) is the etiological agent of porcine epidemic diarrhea (ped), which is threatening the swine industry all over the world. in japan, although there were no reported ped cases from 2007 to 2012, a large-scale ped outbreak started in 2013, causing severe economic losses. although several pedv studies have been conducted in japan, more pedv isolates and sequence information are needed to understand the molecular biology and epidemiology of pedv. here, we isolate ... | 2016 | 27224981 |
| jnk and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways contribute to porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection. | the mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk) pathways, which are central building blocks in the intracellular signaling network, are often manipulated by viruses of diverse families to favor their replication. among the mapk family, the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (erk) pathway is known to be modulated during the infection with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv); however, involvement of stress-activated protein kinases (sapks) comprising p38 mapk and c-jun nh2-terminal kinase (jnk) ... | 2016 | 27215486 |
| erratum to: porcine epidemic diarrhea virus: an emerging and re-emerging epizootic swine virus. | | 2016 | 26833094 |