| bacteriological findings and hormonal profiles in the postpartum balady goats. | twenty-six balady goats categorized according to parity into primiparous and pluriparous goats were used to investigate bacterial flora of the genital tract and hormonal profiles during the postpartum (pp) period. escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus were isolated in pure or mixed culture from the uterus. arcanobacterium pyogenes was isolated from swabs obtained from the vagina and cervix of one primiparous goat. uteri and cervices but not vaginas were free of bacterial contamination by da ... | 2006 | 16420321 |
| diagnostic ultrasonography in cattle with diseases of the mammary gland. | fifty-two cattle with diseases of the udder were evaluated by means of sonography between 2000 and 2004. the udders were examined with 3.5 and 5.0 mhz convex transducers and 7.5 and 13.0 mhz linear transducers. bacteriological examinations were also performed on individual quarter samples. ultrasonography gave additional information on the status of the udder and showed findings specific for some causal agents, e.g., enterobacteriaceae and arcanobacterium pyogenes as well as udder haematomas. al ... | 2006 | 16490715 |
| [can arcanobacterium haemolyticum cause pertussis-like syndrome?]. | | 2006 | 16527105 |
| [pleural empyema due to arcanobacterium haemolyticum]. | | 2006 | 16545323 |
| diseases and pathogens associated with mortality in ontario beef feedlots. | this study determined the prevalence of diseases and pathogens associated with mortality or severe morbidity in 72 ontario beef feedlots in calves that died or were euthanized within 60 days after arrival. routine pathologic and microbiologic investigations, as well as immunohistochemical staining for detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) antigen, were performed on 99 calves that died or were euthanized within 60 days after arrival. major disease conditions identified included fibrinos ... | 2006 | 16566254 |
| arcanobacterium bialowiezense sp. nov. and arcanobacterium bonasi sp. nov., isolated from the prepuce of european bison bulls (bison bonasus) suffering from balanoposthitis, and emended description of the genus arcanobacterium collins et al. 1983. | a taxonomic study was performed on 13 bacterial strains isolated from preputial swabs of european bison (bison bonasus) bulls suffering from balanoposthitis. the isolates were gram-positive, non-motile, facultatively anaerobic, diphtheroid-shaped cells. based on biochemical profiles and box-pcr-generated genomic fingerprints, the isolates were grouped into two clusters represented by four and nine strains, respectively. strains 1(w3/01)t and 2(w106/04)t, selected as representatives of the two cl ... | 2006 | 16585707 |
| ulcerative balanitis and vulvitis of dorper sheep in south africa: a study on its aetiology and clinical features. | ovine ulcerative balanitis and vulvitis in sheep of the dorper breed has been observed in south africa since 1979. its aetiology has not been conclusively resolved, and there is some discrepancy in descriptions of its clinical features. in order to identify the pathogenic micro-organism/s that contribute to the occurrence of the disease, the microflora in the genital tracts of both clinically healthy and affected sheep were isolated and compared. bacteriological examination of materials from aff ... | 2005 | 16642715 |
| in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of mycoplasma mycoides mycoides large colony and arcanobacterium pyogenes isolated from clinical cases of ulcerative balanitis and vulvitis in dorper sheep in south africa. | the in vitro activities of enrofloxacin, florfenicol, oxytetracycline and spiramycin were determined against field isolates of mycoplasma mycoides mycoides large colony (mmmlc) by means of the broth microdilution technique. the minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) of these antimicrobial drugs were determined for a representative number of 10 isolates and 1 type strain. the susceptibility of arcanobacterium pyogenes to enrofloxacin, oxytetracycline and tilmicosin was determined by means of an ... | 2005 | 16642716 |
| brain abscess due to arcanobacterium haemolyticum after dental extraction. | | 2006 | 16705595 |
| [pharyngitis with necrotising pneumonia caused by arcanobacterium haemolyticum]. | a 20-year-old woman developed symptoms of pharyngitis followed by generalised skin rash and pulmonary infiltrates with cavitation. arcanobacterium haemolyticum was identified in blood culture, which was susceptible to the antibiotics given. after initiating pathogen-directed therapy, the patient recovered completely. a. haemolyticum is a gram-positive rod that can grow under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. the pathogen causes a characteristic haemolysis when cultured on human blood agar. a. ha ... | 2006 | 16756228 |
| respiratory tract infection due to arcanobacterium haemolyticum--a case report. | a case of respiratory tract infection due to arcanobacterium haemolyticum is reported. a female of 26 years presented with cough with expectoration and fever off and on for a duration of six weeks. mycobacterium tuberculosis and arcanobacterium haemolyticum were isolated. arcanobacterium haemolyticum was isolated on three separate occasions. | 2005 | 16758672 |
| carcass condemnation causes of growth retarded pigs at slaughter. | condemnation causes of growth retarded pigs were studied in a spanish abattoir. a total of 513 carcasses out of 6017 (8.5%) were rejected during inspection. the main reasons for condemnation were abscesses, cachexia, catarrhal bronchopneumonia, vertebral osteomyelitis, arthritis, pleuritis, peritonitis and pleuropneumonia. positive relationships were found between tail lesions and arthritis (or=5.23) or vertebral osteomyelitis (or=24.81), while no relationships were found between tail lesions an ... | 2007 | 16807012 |
| prostaglandin f2alpha upregulates uterine immune defenses in the presence of the immunosuppressive steroid progesterone. | uterine infections often develop in some livestock species during the first luteal phase postpartum. exogenous prostaglandin f(2alpha) (pgf(2alpha)) induces luteolysis, reduces progesterone, and enables the uterus to resolve infections. however, the effects of pgf(2alpha) on luteal function and on immune functions are confounded. these effects must be disentangled to determine whether alternatives to antibiotic treatments can be successfully developed. | 2006 | 16836612 |
| ceftiofur derivatives in serum, uterine tissues, cotyledons, and lochia after fetal membrane retention. | the objective of the study was to determine concentrations of ceftiofur derivatives after subcutaneous application of ceftiofur hydrochloride in cows with retained fetal membranes. concentrations of ceftiofur derivatives detected as desfuroylceftiofuracetamide were determined in blood serum, endometrium, caruncles, cotyledons, and lochia during 72 h. after induction of parturition, 2 primiparous and 4 multiparous cows having retained fetal membranes for at least 12 h were studied. all cows recei ... | 2006 | 16899676 |
| multiple genetic elements carry the tetracycline resistance gene tet(w) in the animal pathogen arcanobacterium pyogenes. | the tet(w) gene is associated with tetracycline resistance in a wide range of bacterial species, including obligately anaerobic rumen bacteria and isolates from the human gut and oral mucosa. however, little is known about how this gene is disseminated and the types of genetic elements it is carried on. we examined tetracycline-resistant isolates of the animal commensal and opportunistic pathogen arcanobacterium pyogenes, all of which carried tet(w), and identified three genetic elements designa ... | 2006 | 16966401 |
| spontaneous bacterial peritonitis due to arcanobacterium haemolyticum. | | 2007 | 17087997 |
| management of group a beta-hemolytic streptococcal pharyngotonsillitis in children. | acute pharyngotonsillitis is one of the most common infections encountered by pediatricians and family physicians. according to the us vital health statistics report, acute pharyngotonsillitis is responsible for more than 6 million office visits each year by children younger than 15 years of age and an additional 1.8 million visits by adolescents and young adults aged 15 to 24 years. most children with acute pharyngotonsillitis have symptoms that can be attributed to infection with a respiratory ... | 2006 | 17137534 |
| urinary tract infection due to arcanobacterium haemolyticum. | | 2006 | 17185855 |
| synovial fluid analysis and bacterial findings in arthritic joints of juvenile male camel (camelus dromedarius) calves. | eighteen synovial fluid samples from 11 male dromedarian calves, 9-12 month old, were analysed cytologically and bacteriologically. calves were lame and all joints were grossly swollen. the mean +/- sd of total nucleated cell count was 7970 +/- 5000 cells/microl (range 2800-20,000 cells/microl). polymorphonuclear (pmn) leucocytes were the predominant cell type. the mean +/- sd of absolute and percentages of each cell type were as follows: pmn leucocytes 5518 +/- 3600 cells/microl and 68 +/- 19%, ... | 2007 | 17305968 |
| morbidity and mortality associated with arcanobacterium pyogenes in a group of captive blackbuck (antilope cervicapra). | arcanobacterium pyogenes was associated with necrotizing pneumonia; mandibular osteomyelitis; peritonitis; and hepatic, pulmonary, renal, and subcutaneous abscessation in a group of captive blackbuck (antilope cervicapra). males were more frequently (73.3%) affected than females. infection with a. pyogenes was fatal or necessitated euthanasia in 15 of 16 (93.7%) cases. deaths associated with a. pyogenes occurred most frequently (60%) during winter. | 2005 | 17323570 |
| [evaluation of api coryne system, version 2.0, for diphteroid gram-positive rods identification with clinical relevance]. | the ability of the api coryne system, version 2.0, to identify 178 strains of gram-positive rods was evaluated. seventy eight isolates belonged to genus corynebacterium and one hundred to related genera, all strains were isolated from clinical samples at the laboratory of bacteriology, hospital de clínicas josé de san martin (uba) between 1995 and 2004. the isolates were identified according to von graevenitz and funke's scheme. one hundred and sixty two out of 178 strains (91%) were correctly i ... | 2006 | 17370571 |
| intraglandular injection of antibiotics for the treatment of vesicular adenitis in bulls. | two experiments were designed to determine the efficacy of intraglandular antibiotic treatment in beef bulls. experiment 1 was designed to evaluate the glandular tissue reaction to intraglandular antibiotic treatment. experiment 2 was conducted to determine the efficacy intraglandular injection of antibiotics for the treatment of naturally occurring cases of vesicular adenitis. healthy beef bulls (n=15), 2 and 3 years of age, were randomly allocated to three equal treatment groups to receive 10% ... | 2008 | 17399921 |
| mortality in pennsylvania captive elk (cervus elaphus): 1998-2006. | the necropsy records of 65 elk ranging from 1 day to 13(1/2) years of age were reviewed to determine the primary cause of death of each animal. the animal carcasses were submitted from 22 separate pennsylvania elk farms over an approximately 8-year period. the most common causes of mortality in animals in which the cause of death was determined were gastrointestinal parasitism (21 cases), pneumonia (7 cases), enterocolitis (5 cases), malnutrition (5 cases), and rumenitis/acidosis (5 cases). the ... | 2007 | 17459871 |
| possible origins of ctnbst, a conjugative transposon found recently in a human colonic bacteroides strain. | a previous survey of bacteroides isolates suggested that the ermb gene entered bacteroides spp. recently. previously, ermb had been found almost exclusively in gram-positive bacteria. in one bacteroides strain, ermb was located on 100-kb conjugative transposon (ctn) ctnbst. to assess the possible origin of this ctn, we obtained the full dna sequence of ctnbst and used this information to investigate its possible origins. over one-half of ctnbst had high sequence identity to a putative ctn found ... | 2007 | 17483268 |
| hemorrhagic necrotizing splenitis in a slaughter pig infected with arcanobacterium species. | a 6-month-old barrow presented with lethargy, inappetence and dysstasia. at necropsy, multiple coalescing hemorrhagic foci were detected in the margins of the spleen. gram-positive bacilli were isolated from the spleen, kidney, muscle and liver. comparative 16s rdna gene sequencing analysis of the isolates (to16177) revealed that they would be the same species of unpublished arcanobacterium species strain hj57-14e (accession no. gi 18873551) (99.7% similarity based on a comparison of 675 bp). hi ... | 2007 | 17485940 |
| protostrongylid parasites and pneumonia in captive and wild thinhorn sheep (ovis dalli). | we describe health significance of protostrongylid parasites (parelaphostrongylus odocoilei and protostrongylus stilesi) and other respiratory pathogens in more than 50 naturally infected dall's sheep (ovis dalli dalli) from the mackenzie mountains, northwest territories (1998-2002) as well as in three stone's sheep (o. d. stonei) experimentally infected with p. odocoilei (2000-2002). histological lesions in the brain and distribution of p. odocoilei in the muscles of experimentally and naturall ... | 2007 | 17495303 |
| an investigation of the aetiological role of bovine herpesvirus 4 in bovine endometritis. | uteri from 31 infertile cattle were examined for the presence of bovine herpesvirus 4 (bohv-4) by nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr). samples were also tested for bacteria, including chlamydiae and mycoplasma bovis. bohv-4 was detected by pcr in 27/31 (87.1%) samples, but the presence and amount of viral dna was not correlated with histological and bacteriological findings. arcanobacterium pyogenes, histophilus somni and pasteurella multocida were isolated from five cows with endometritis. c ... | 2008 | 17572123 |
| a fatal case of arcanobacterium pyogenes endocarditis in a man with no identified animal contact: case report and review of the literature. | arcanobacterium pyogenes is a rare cause of infection in humans, mostly related to living in rural areas and to contacts with animals. we describe a case of fatal arcanobacterium pyogenes endocarditis, confirmed by dna sequencing, in a patient without typical epidemiological exposure. | 2007 | 17610093 |
| a case of chronic osteomyelitis due to arcanobacterium hemolyticum. | we report here a case of chronic osteomyelitis, which appeared to be tubercular, from the clinical, radiological and histopathological points of view. but on culture an unusual bacterium, arcanobacterium hemolyticum, was isolated and the patient responded to treatment with clindamicin, prescribed in accordance to the sensitivity reports. | 2003 | 17643024 |
| isolation of arcanobacterium haemolyticum in semen of an infertile patient. | this is the report of a genital tract infection caused by arcanobacterium haemolyticum in an infertile man from venezuela. this 29 year-old patient was evaluated for primary infertility, without symptoms of seminal infection. laboratory analysis showed leukocytospermia, low sperm count, motility and vitality, without abnormalities in hormonal profile. sperm culture was positive for a. haemolyticum. after erythromycin therapy an improvement in some sperm parameters was observed. a. haemolyticum c ... | 2006 | 17672288 |
| liver abscesses in holstein dairy cattle: 18 cases (1992-2003). | the characteristic clinical manifestations, clinicopathologic findings, treatment, and outcome of dairy cattle with liver abscess are poorly defined. | 2007 | 17708409 |
| intrauterine bacterial inoculation and level of dietary methionine alter amino acid metabolism in nulliparous yearling ewes. | using an intrauterine bacterial inoculation method, our objective was to determine the effects of acute sepsis and level of dietary metabolizable met (mm) on splanchnic metabolism of aa in ewes. twenty-four nulliparous yearling rambouillet-cross ewes (initial bw = 65.1 +/- 0.6 kg), surgically fitted with chronic-indwelling catheters in hepatic and portal veins, a mesenteric vein and artery, and the uterine lumen, were assigned to a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. factors were intraute ... | 2007 | 17785602 |
| the effects of arcanobacterium pyogenes on endometrial function in vitro, and on uterine and ovarian function in vivo. | uterine bacterial infection after parturition causes endometritis, perturbs ovarian function and leads to infertility in cattle. although endometritis is caused by mixed infections, endometrial pathology is associated with the presence of arcanobacterium pyogenes. the aims of the present study were to determine the effects of a. pyogenes on endometrial function in vitro, and on uterine and ovarian function in vivo. heat-killed a. pyogenes did not affect the production of prostaglandin f2alpha (p ... | 2007 | 17825901 |
| clinical, bacteriological, and histopathological study of toxic puerperal metritis in iraqi buffalo. | data were collected from 42 buffalo with toxic puerperal metritis in 2 large herds, with a history of dystocia, prolapse, and retained placenta. all buffalo were subjected to detailed clinical examination including external inspection, vaginoscopy, and transrectal palpation of the cervix, uterus, and ovaries. swabs for bacteriology and biopsies for histopathology were collected from the uterine lumen from each cow. character, odor, and estimation of polymorphonuclear cells of the vaginal mucus w ... | 2007 | 17881686 |
| functional and structural properties of cbpa, a collagen-binding protein from arcanobacterium pyogenes. | arcanobacterium pyogenes, an opportunistic pathogen of economically important food animals, is the causative agent of liver abscesses in feedlot cattle, osteomyelitis in turkeys, and pneumonia and arthritis in pigs. previous studies identified the first a. pyogenes adhesin, cbpa, a protein located on the bacterial surface which has the ability to bind collagen and promotes adhesion to the host cells. the protein has an n-terminal ligand-binding region (region a) and a c-terminal repetitive domai ... | 2007 | 17906137 |
| pathology of udder lesions in sows. | in recent years an increasing frequency of sows with udder lesions has been observed during meat inspection. the frequency and pattern of affected mammary complexes were determined by inspection, palpation, and incision of udders of 640 sows at a local slaughterhouse. from representative lesions, tissue specimens were sampled for histological and bacteriological examination. moreover, in seven problem cases immunohistochemistry was applied for the identification of staphylococcus aureus and arca ... | 2007 | 17931222 |
| susceptibility of bacterial pathogens against lincomycin/spectinomycin (1/2), penicillin g/neomycin (1/1), and penicillin g/dihydrostreptomycin (1/1) as determined in the bft-germvet monitoring program 2004-2006. | a total of 368 bacterial pathogens, including 72 coagulase-positive and coagulase-variable staphylococci, 97 beta-haemolytic streptococci, 51 escherichia coli, 75 pasteurella multocida, 25 mannheimia haemolytica, 25 pseudomonas aeruginosa, and 23 arcanobacterium pyogenes, were investigated for their susceptibility to the three combinations of antimicrobial agents lincomycin/spectinomycin (1/2), penicillin g/neomycin (1/1), and penicillin g/dihydrostreptomycin (1/1) in comparison to their suscept ... | 2007 | 17939451 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility of pseudomonas aeruginosa from dogs and cats as well as arcanobacterium pyogenes from cattle and swine as determined in the bft-germvet monitoring program 2004-2006. | during the bft-germvet monitoring program, pseudomonas (p) aeruginosa from dogs and cats (n = 99) as well as arcanobacterium (a.) pyogenes from cattle and swine (n = 90) were examined for their antimicrobial susceptibility. in general, p. aeruginosa is known to be resistant against many antimicrobial agents whereas a. pyogenes is thought to be susceptible to most agents in-vitro. however, representative and actual minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) values are missing for both veterinary path ... | 2007 | 17939456 |
| pelvic abscess caused by arcanobacterium haemolyticum mimicking a soft tissue tumour. | arcanobacterium haemolyticum has usually been isolated in cases of pharyngitis and wound infections. rarely it has been reported to cause deep tissue infections. here, a case of a 71-year-old-male, who developed a pelvic abscess due to a. haemolyticum that initially was thought to be a malignant tumour, is described. | 2007 | 18033839 |
| influence of experimental intrauterine infusion of arcanobacterium pyogenes solution on ovarian activity in cycling cows. | to examine the ovarian response to arcanobacterium pyogenes (a. pyogenes) in uterus, bacterial solution was infused into the uteri of cows, and the follicle and corpus luteum (cl) development were monitored with a real-time ultrasound instrument. in addition, the plasma concentrations of progesterone (p(4)) and 13, 14-dihydro-15-keto-pgf(2alpha) (pgfm) were determined. a 10 ml bacterial solution that contained a. pyogenes (8 to 15 x 10(8) cfu/ml) was infused into the uterus of eight cows transce ... | 2008 | 18250576 |
| evaluation of pyelonephritis in culled indoor and outdoor high parity sows. | the present trial was conducted in hungary in neighboring large indoor and outdoor pig production units, belonging to the same breeding company. rejected kidneys from 201 (out of 241; 83.4%) outdoor, and 191 (out of 512, 37.3%) indoor high parity sows, with previous history of recidiving postparturient fever and excessive postparturient vulvovaginal discharge were gross pathologically bacteriologically, and histologically evaluated. all rejected kidneys revealed chronic pyelonephritis. in outdoo ... | 2008 | 18265757 |
| comparison of different culture media and growth conditions for recognition of arcanobacterium haemolyticum. | detection of arcanobacterium haemolyticum is based upon typical beta-hemolysis and colony morphology, but it may go undetected if only conventional sheep blood agar media for detection of beta-hemolytic streptococci are used. the influence of different culture media, atmospheres, and times of incubation for the recognition of colonies of 47 isolates of a. haemolyticum was studied. after 48 h of incubation, trypticase soy agar with 5% horse blood in 5% co(2) was the best medium. | 2008 | 18325709 |
| uterine diseases in cattle after parturition. | bacterial contamination of the uterine lumen is common in cattle after parturition, often leading to infection and uterine disease. clinical disease can be diagnosed and scored by examination of the vaginal mucus, which reflects the presence of pathogenic bacteria such as escherichia coli and arcanobacterium pyogenes. viruses may also cause uterine disease and bovine herpesvirus 4 (bohv-4) is tropic for endometrial cells, causing a rapid cytopathic effect. the elimination of pathogens by the inn ... | 2008 | 18329302 |
| molecular identification of arcanobacterium bialowiezense and arcanobacterium bonasi based on 16s-23s rrna intergenic spacer region sequences. | in the present study, the 16s-23s rdna intergenic spacer region (isr) of arcanobacterium (a.) bialowiezense dsm 17162, a. bonasi dsm 17163, a. bernardiae dsm 9152, a. haemolyticum dsm 20595, a. hippocoleae dsm 15539, a. phocae dsm 10002, a. pluranimalium dsm 13483 and a. pyogenes dsm 20630 was amplified, sequenced and compared with the corresponding 16s rrna gene sequences yielding comparable phylogenetic relationships. the isr sequence of a. bialowiezense and a. bonasi allowed the design of spe ... | 2008 | 18374522 |
| soft tissue infections with arcanobacterium haemolyticum: report of three cases. | we report here three polymicrobial wound infections associated with arcanobacterium haemolyticum in rural patients aged between 60-65 years. in two patients, one with cellulitis and the other with postoperative wound infection following amputation of the limb, arcanobacterium haemolyticum was isolated repeatedly along with beta haemolytic streptococci (bhs). the bhs belonged to lancefield's group g and group c respectively. in another patient, who was a diabetic with chronic osteomyelitis, arcan ... | 2008 | 18445965 |
| transcriptional regulation of pyolysin production in the animal pathogen, arcanobacterium pyogenes. | arcanobacterium pyogenes is an opportunistic pathogen of a number of important livestock species, and usually infects from an endogenous, commensal source. thus, as with other normal flora opportunistic pathogens, the regulation of a. pyogenes virulence factors is likely important during both commensal and pathogenic interactions with the host. the aim of this study was to investigate the regulation of a key a. pyogenes virulence factor, the cholesterol dependent cytolysin, pyolysin (plo), under ... | 2008 | 18514442 |
| a simple method for the production of bacterial controls for immunohistochemistry and fluorescent in situ hybridization. | immunohistochemical and fluorescent in situ hybridization (fish) assays are useful diagnostic methods for the identification of bacteria on formalin fixed paraffin embedded histological sections. to validate an anti-bacterial antibody or an oligonucleotide probe and to ensure fidelity during subsequent analyses, suitable positive and negative controls are necessary. suspensions of fixed bacteria are often used, but ideally, these controls should be fixed, embedded and processed in the same way o ... | 2008 | 18516690 |
| prevalence of potentially pathogenic bacteria as genital pathogens in dairy cattle. | bacteria on the genital mucosa have been studied less in healthy, non-puerperal cows than in cows with puerperal endometritis. we have thus analysed bacteria in swabs from the vagina and cervix of post-puerperal cattle (n = 644). out of the animals, 6.8% had aborted within the last 12 months, 2.6% and 11.6% showed signs of vaginitis and endometritis, respectively. in 17.2% of cervical swabs pathogenic gram-positive and in 11.5% pathogenic gram-negative bacteria were found. arcanobacterium pyogen ... | 2009 | 18537907 |
| genomic characterization of arcanobacterium pyogenes isolates recovered from the uterus of dairy cows with normal puerperium or clinical metritis. | arcanobacterium pyogenes is considered to be the most relevant bacterium involved in the establishment of puerperal uterine infection in cattle due to its persistence in utero, resistance to treatment and synergic action with gram negative anaerobes. once the infection is established, a. pyogenes is responsible for the persistence of the infection. the objective of this study was to characterize a. pyogenes field isolates recovered from the uterus of cows with either normal puerperium or clinica ... | 2008 | 18547748 |
| a case of necrotizing fasciitis due to streptococcus agalactiae, arcanobacterium haemolyticum, and finegoldia magna in a dog-bitten patient with diabetes. | we report a case of necrotizing fasciitis involving streptococcus agalactiae, arcanobacterium haemolyticum, and finegoldia magna in a 36-yr-old female diabetic patient, which started after a minor dog bite to the toe of the patient. this case suggested that a trivial infection after a minor dog bite in an immunocompromised patient such as diabetes patient could result in a significant complication such as necrotizing fasciitis. the life-threatening infection was cured by timely above-the-knee am ... | 2008 | 18594170 |
| fusobacterium necrophorum: a ruminal bacterium that invades liver to cause abscesses in cattle. | fusobacterium necrophorum, a gram-negative, rod-shaped, and an aerotolerant anaerobe, is a normal inhabitant of the rumen of cattle. the organism is in ruminal contents and adherent to the ruminal wall. its role in ruminal fermentation is to metabolize lactic acid and degrade feed and epithelial proteins. the ruminal concentration is higher in grain-fed than forage-fed cattle. from the rumen, the organism gains entry into the portal circulation and is trapped in the liver to cause abscesses. the ... | 2009 | 18595747 |
| arcanobacterium haemolyticum: two case reports. | two uncommon presentations of arcanobacterium haemolyticum infection (sinusitis and pharyngitis) are described, emphasizing the poor response to commonly used antibiotics and the possibility of serious local and systemic complications. the difficulties still encountered in the clinical diagnosis are underlined, since this organism could easily pass unrecognized in bacteriological cultures. | 2008 | 18646577 |
| isolation of arcanobacterium hippocoleae from a case of placentitis and stillbirth in a mare. | based on the scarcity of reports in veterinary medicine literature, it appears that arcanobacterium spp. are rarely isolated from horses. recently, a single isolate from vaginal discharge in a mare was characterized as a new species, arcanobacterium hippocoleae. the present report describes a case of necrosuppurative placentitis and stillbirth in an american quarterhorse mare. numerous colonies of irregular, gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria were observed by histological examination within fibr ... | 2008 | 18776114 |
| influence of systemic fluoroquinolone administration on the presence of pasteurella multocida in the upper respiratory tract of clinically healthy calves. | the influence of enrofloxacin administration (5 mg/kg) for five consecutive days on the occurrence of pasteurella multocida in the upper respiratory tract of two healthy calves was monitored over a 10-day period. from nasal swabs of two additional healthy control calves, which received a placebo saline administration, p. multocida was isolated throughout the study period. in the enrofloxacin treated calves, p. multocida was not demonstrated in the nasopharynx from 48 h after the first injection ... | 2008 | 18808692 |
| severe sepsis caused by arcanobacterium haemolyticum: a case report and review of the literature. | to describe a case of severe sepsis, cavitary pneumonia, and pyomyositis caused by arcanobacterium haemolyticum. | 2008 | 18812563 |
| safety and efficacy testing of a novel multivalent bovine bacterial respiratory vaccine composed of five bacterins and two immunogens. | bovine bacterial respiratory diseases have been one of the most serious problems due to their high mortality and economic loss in calves. the vaccinations of bovine bacterial respiratory vaccines have been complex because of no multivalent vaccine. in this study, novel multivalent bovine bacterial respiratory vaccine (brv) was developed and tested for its safety and efficacy. brv was composed of two immunogens and five bacterins. these were leukotoxoid and bacterin of mannheimia haemolytica type ... | 2008 | 18840971 |
| characterization of tet(32) genes from the oral metagenome. | tet(32) was identified in three bacterial isolates and in metagenomic dna from the human oral cavity. the regions immediately flanking the gene were found to have similarities to the mobile elements tnb1230 from butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, ate-3 from arcanobacterium pyogenes, and ctn5 from clostridium difficile. | 2009 | 18955517 |
| a study of endometritis causing repeat breeding of cycling iraqi buffalo cows. | the objectives of this study were to determine the non-specific aerobic and anaerobic bacterial causes of endometritis causing repeat breeding of cycling iraqi buffalo cows at nineveh province, validate diagnostic criteria for endometritis and to evaluate the treatment efficiency of using systemic or intra-uterine infusion of antibiotics for the treatment of endometritis. data were collected from 60 buffalo cows with history of repeat breeding in different herds. all buffaloes were subjected to ... | 2008 | 18992092 |
| pathological and bacteriological studies of hydrosalpinx in buffaloes. | the objectives of the present study were to investigate the bacteria accompanying hydrosalpinx of the buffalo cow and investigate the correlation between bacterial infection of the uterus and hydrosalpinx. buffalo cows' reproductive tracts were collected from mosul abattoir. a total 385 uterine samples were examined of which 25 were having hydrosalpinx. swabs for bacteriology, fluid for cytology and biopsies for histopathology were collected from the hydrosalpinx and the uterus from each samples ... | 2010 | 18992119 |
| phenotypic and genotypic characterization of arcanobacterium haemolyticum isolates from infections of horses. | the present study was designed to characterize phenotypically and genotypically seven arcanobacterium haemolyticum strains obtained from infections of six horses. all seven strains showed the cultural and biochemical properties typical of a. haemolyticum and were susceptible to most of the antibiotics tested. the species identification could be confirmed by amplification and sequencing of the 16s rrna gene and the 16s-23s rrna intergenic spacer region and by pcr amplification of species-specific ... | 2009 | 19020059 |
| [recurrent cystitis due to fluoroquinolone resistant arcanobacterium haemolyticum]. | | 2009 | 19081691 |
| the roles of pgf(2alpha) and pge(2) in regression of the corpus luteum after intrauterine infusion of arcanobacterium pyogenes in cows. | to study the effect of bacteria in the uterus on the fate of the corpus luteum (cl), arcanobacterium pyogenes was inoculated into the uteri of cows on day 3 (day 0=day of spontaneous ovulation). plasma concentrations of 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-pgf(2alpha) (pgfm), 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-pge(2) (pgem) and progesterone (p(4)) were determined. in five cows, the developing cl regressed and first-wave dominant follicles, which normally become atretic, ovulated (group ov) after bacterial inoculation. in a ... | 2009 | 19095297 |
| a case of osteitis due to staphylococcus aureus and arcanobacterium bernardiae coinfection. | arcanobacterium bernardiae human infections remain rare. only 2 reports are described in the literature. we report on an immunocompetent patient with a long history of chronic osteitis who developed a polymicrobial infection of the knee. the initial isolation of staphylococcus aureus confounded the diagnosis of a. bernardiae infection, which underlines the need for extended period of incubation and subcultures of enriched liquid culture media. a. bernardiae is a new bacterium implicated in osteo ... | 2009 | 19097838 |
| [multiple peritonsillar abscesses caused by arcanobacterium haemolyticum in a young female]. | history: a 20-year-old previously healthy woman presented with a four-week history of sore throat and inability to swallow. investigation and diagnosis: initial examination revealed tender swelling and exudation of both palatine tonsils, trismus and bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy. laboratory tests showed leukocytosis, elevated c-reactive protein, but unremarkable epstein-barr virus titers. course and treatment: the patient was unsuccessfully treated for three days with topical antiseptics an ... | 2009 | 19142834 |
| microbial aetiology of acute clinical mastitis and agent-specific risk factors. | a nation wide study on the microbial aetiology of cases of acute clinical mastitis in swedish dairy cows was conducted with the aim to investigate changes in the microbial panorama compared to a previous study performed 1994-1995. another aim was to investigate some agent-specific environmental and individual risk factors. milk samples were collected from 987 udder quarter cases from 829 cows during six 2-month periods from may 2002 to april 2003, and data on risk factors and demography were col ... | 2009 | 19155148 |
| intracranial abscessation as a natural mortality factor for adult male white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) in kent county, maryland, usa. | intracranial abscessation is a cause of natural mortality among free-ranging white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) across portions of the united states and canada. intracranial abscesses caused by arcanobacterium pyogenes disproportionately affect adult male white-tailed deer. from 2003-08, we evaluated the occurrence of intracranial abscessation among adult (> or = 2.5 yr) radiocollared male white-tailed deer (n=33) at a large private property in kent county, maryland, usa. we documented m ... | 2009 | 19204349 |
| synergistic and antagonistic hemolytic activities of bacteria of genus arcanobacterium and camp-like hemolysis of arcanobacterium phocae and arcanobacterium haemolyticum with psychrobacter phenylpyruvicus. | a total of 57 bacteria representing eight species of genus arcanobacterium (a.) were investigated for hemolytic properties on blood agar containing sheep and rabbit blood and for camp-like reactions. an enhanced hemolysis on blood agar containing rabbit blood compared to sheep blood could be observed for a. haemolyticum, less pronounced for a. hippocoleae and a. pluranimalium. a synergistic hemolytic reaction with staphylococcal beta-hemolysin appeared to be constantly visible for a. hippocoleae ... | 2009 | 19249067 |
| [endocarditis due to arcanobacterium pyogenes: the first case in europe]. | | 2009 | 19249133 |
| effect of intrauterine infusion of ceftiofur on uterine health and fertility in dairy cows. | objectives were to determine the effects of intrauterine (i.u.) infusion of ceftiofur hydrochloride on uterine health and fertility of dairy cows already receiving pgf(2alpha) for estrous synchronization. holstein cows at 44 +/- 3 d in milk (dim) were blocked by parity and diagnosis of metritis in the first 14 dim and of other illnesses and, within each block, randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments: a single i.u. infusion of 125 mg of ceftiofur hydrochloride at 44 +/- 3 dim (ceftiofur, n = 396), ... | 2009 | 19307634 |
| an unusual case of prosthetic joint infection due to arcanobacterium bernardiae. | | 2009 | 19429766 |
| defining postpartum uterine disease and the mechanisms of infection and immunity in the female reproductive tract in cattle. | uterine microbial disease affects half of all dairy cattle after parturition, causing infertility by disrupting uterine and ovarian function. infection with escherichia coli, arcanobacterium pyogenes, and bovine herpesvirus 4 causes endometrial tissue damage. toll-like receptors on endometrial cells detect pathogen-associated molecules such as bacterial dna, lipids, and lipopolysaccharide (lps), leading to secretion of cytokines, chemokines, and antimicrobial peptides. chemokines attract neutrop ... | 2009 | 19439727 |
| real-time polymerase chain reaction-based identification of bacteria in milk samples from bovine clinical mastitis with no growth in conventional culturing. | in more than 30% of milk samples from clinical and subclinical bovine mastitis, bacteria fail to grow even after 48 h of conventional culture. the "no-growth" samples are problematic for mastitis laboratories, veterinarians, and dairy producers. this study provides the first investigation of the bacteriological etiology of such samples, using a real-time pcr-based commercial reagent kit. the assay targets the dna of the 11 most common bacterial species or groups in mastitis and the staphylococca ... | 2009 | 19447993 |
| arcanobacterium abortisuis sp. nov., isolated from a placenta of a sow following an abortion. | a gram-positive, short diphtheroid-shaped organism was isolated from a sow's placenta of an abortion. this novel isolate, strain murakami(t), was examined physiologically, chemotaxonomically and phylogenetically. cells had an irregular v-shaped or palisade arrangement. colonies appeared translucent on tmvl agar. cells were strictly anaerobic, negative for catalase and gelatin decomposition and positive for nitrate reduction and soluble starch hydrolysis. fourteen sugars including glucose were ut ... | 2009 | 19502337 |
| lung pathology and infectious agents in fatal feedlot pneumonias and relationship with mortality, disease onset, and treatments. | this study charted 237 fatal cases of bovine respiratory disease (brd) observed from may 2002 to may 2003 in a single oklahoma feed yard. postmortem lung samples were used for agent identification and histopathology. late in the study, 94 skin samples (ear notches) were tested for bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) by immunohistochemistry (ihc). bovine respiratory disease morbidity was 14.7%, and the mortality rate of all causes was 1.3%, with more than half (53.8%) attributed to brd (0.7% total ... | 2009 | 19564494 |
| identification, susceptibility, and detection of integron-gene cassettes of arcanobacterium pyogenes in bovine endometritis. | the present study aimed to identify, determine the susceptibility, and detect gene cassettes of arcanobacterium (actinomyces) pyogenes isolates from cows with endometritis. arcanobacterium pyogenes isolates were identified first by using the api coryne vit system test, and further through pcr. minimum inhibitory concentrations of 23 antimicrobial agents against a. pyogenes were tested using standard broth microdilution assays according to the protocols of the clinical and laboratory standards in ... | 2009 | 19620647 |
| arcanobacterium pyogenes sepsis in farmer, brazil. | | 2009 | 19624940 |
| mechanisms of infertility associated with clinical and subclinical endometritis in high producing dairy cattle. | clinical and subclinical endometritis are common causes of infertility and subfertility in high producing dairy cattle, delaying the onset of ovarian cyclic activity after parturition, extending luteal phases and reducing conception rates. escherichia coli and arcanobacterium pyogenes cause endometrial damage and inflammation. components of microbes, such as lipopolysaccharide (lps), are detected by toll-like receptors on endometrial cells, leading to secretion of cytokines, chemokines and antim ... | 2009 | 19660075 |
| lemierre's syndrome and septicaemia caused solely by arcanobacterium haemolyticum in a young immunocompetent patient. | we present a case of septicaemia caused by arcanobacterium haemolyticum in a previously healthy 23-year-old man suffering from acute pharyngotonsillitis, who developed complicated lemierre's syndrome. three blood cultures (both aerobic and anaerobic) revealed the exclusive presence of a. haemolyticum. the presence of fusobacterium necroforum was not essential for the development of this pathology. to our knowledge, this is the first reported case of lemierre's syndrome caused solely by a. haemol ... | 2009 | 19661210 |
| cervid herpesvirus 2, the primary agent in an outbreak of infectious keratoconjunctivitis in semidomesticated reindeer. | an outbreak of infectious keratoconjunctivitis (ikc) occurred in semidomesticated reindeer (rangifer tarandus tarandus) in troms county, norway, in february 2009. twenty-eight animals with clinical symptoms and 12 apparently healthy animals were investigated. they ranged in age from calves of the year to 4-year-old animals (mean, 1.9 years; standard deviation, +/-0.9). the seroprevalence of antibodies against cervid herpesvirus 2 (cvhv2) was 86% in animals with ikc and 42% in unaffected animals. ... | 2009 | 19726598 |
| actinomyces hominis sp. nov., isolated from a wound swab. | a coryneform bacterium (strain 1094(t)) was isolated from a wound swab taken from an 89-year-old female patient. chemotaxonomic investigations suggested that this bacterium was related to the genera actinomyces, arcanobacterium and actinobaculum. phylogenetic analysis of 16s rrna gene sequences showed that strain 1094(t) was most closely related to actinomyces europaeus ccug 32789 a(t) (94.3 % similarity). phenotypically, the isolate could be separated from its closest phylogenetic neighbours on ... | 2010 | 19734287 |
| the conundrum of the gram-positive rod: are we missing important pathogens in complicated skin and soft-tissue infections? a case report and review of the literature. | the designation "gram-positive bacillus" includes a variety of pleomorphic microorganisms, including diphtheroids, coryneform species, coccobacilli, and other small rods. despite differing greatly in their virulence, sources, and even genus, these microscopically similar organisms are often difficult to differentiate without genetic testing. | 2010 | 19803730 |
| identification of arcanobacterium pluranimalium isolated from a dog by phenotypic properties and by pcr mediated characterization of various molecular targets. | | 2010 | 19913362 |
| genomic and phenotypic characterization of escherichia coli isolates recovered from the uterus of puerperal dairy cows. | the role of escherichia coli in the pathogenesis of the puerperal uterine infection of the cow is largely unknown. it is proposed that e. coli favors the persistence of arcanobacterium pyogenes and gram-negative bacteria that are pivotal to the establishment of the infection. here, we report the genomic and phenotypic characteristics of 72 e. coli isolates recovered from the uterus of dairy cows with normal puerperium (n = 12; 35 isolates) or clinical metritis (n = 18; 37 isolates), in an attemp ... | 2009 | 19923603 |
| update on bacterial pathogenesis in brd. | mannheimia haemolytica, pasteurella multocida, histophilus somni, mycoplasma bovis and arcanobacterium pyogenes are all frequently implicated in bovine respiratory disease (brd). m. haemolytica is considered the most important of the group. these bacteria are commensals in the nasopharynx and establish infection in the lungs of cattle that are subjected to a variety of stresses. factors that permit adherence to and proliferation in the lungs and factors that cause tissue destruction and inflamma ... | 2009 | 20003651 |
| sensitivity to antibiotics of arcanobacterium pyogenes and escherichia coli from the uteri of cows with metritis/endometritis. | the aim of the study was to determine the in vitro sensitivity of 161 arcanobacterium pyogenes strains and 99 escherichia coli strains isolated from the uteri of 312 cows with metritis/endometritis. animals with pathological discharges were clinically diagnosed per rectum and per vaginum, and then swabs from the lumen of the uterus were aseptically collected. bacteriological examination of swabs was according to commonly accepted procedures with the additional use of api tests. sensitivity to an ... | 2011 | 20129803 |
| three cases of arcanobacterium pyogenes-associated soft tissue infection. | arcanobacterium pyogenes is an established but often unrecognized human pathogen. a. pyogenes may also be misidentified as arcanobacterium haemolyticum, which gives remarkably similar results in conventional biochemical tests. in this study, we have reported three cases of wound infections associated with a. pyogenes and also on the bacteriological characteristics which are relevant for identification of these isolates. the negative reverse camp test, the ability to produce acid from xylose and ... | 2010 | 20299502 |
| antimicrobial resistance and presence of virulence factor genes in arcanobacterium pyogenes isolated from the uterus of postpartum dairy cows. | arcanobacterium pyogenes is considered the most significant bacterium involved in the pathogenesis of metritis in cattle. infections caused by antimicrobial-resistant bacteria are a great challenge in both human and veterinary medicine. the purpose of this study was to present an overview of antimicrobial resistance in a. pyogenes isolated from the uteruses of postpartum holstein dairy cows and to identify virulence factors. seventy-two a. pyogenes isolates were phenotypically characterized for ... | 2010 | 20346602 |
| coryneform bacteria associated with canine otitis externa. | this study aims to investigate the occurrence of coryneform bacteria in canine otitis externa. a combined case series and case-control study was carried out to improve the current knowledge on frequency and clinical significance of coryneform bacteria in samples from canine otitis externa. a total of 16 cases of otitis externa with involvement of coryneform bacteria were recorded at two referral veterinary hospitals in denmark and the us, respectively. coryneform bacteria were identified by part ... | 2010 | 20434850 |
| disseminated abscessation complicated with bone marrow abscess caused by arcanobacterium pyogenes in a goat. | an 8-month-old, nubian wether with a history of systemic illness was euthanatized for a pathological examination. at necropsy, the presence of disseminated abscessation and cellulitis in the limbs was noted. other postmortem findings associated with the visceral disease in this animal included multiple abscess lesions, mainly in the lungs, kidneys, phalanxes and vertebrae. histopathologically, lesions of arteriolitis were found as evidenced by bacterial embolisms in pulmonary and renal arteriola ... | 2010 | 20467209 |
| pathogenesis and antigenic characterization of a new east european subtype 3 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus isolate. | porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) is divided into a european and north american genotype. east european prrsv isolates have been found to be of the european genotype, but form different subtypes. in the present study, prrsv was isolated from a belarusian farm with reproductive and respiratory failure and designated "lena". analyses revealed that lena is a new east european subtype 3 prrsv isolate. the main purpose of this investigation was to study the pathogenesis and ... | 2010 | 20525333 |
| dairy cows with metritis: coxiella burnetii test results in uterine, blood and bulk milk samples. | in cattle, coxiella burnetii infections are generally asymptomatic but can also be associated with reproductive disorders. metritis is considered as one of the symptoms of c. burnetii infections, but reliable information is lacking. therefore, information on the presence of c. burnetii in the uterine content of cows with metritis is important to increase our knowledge on this pathogen. in this study, the uterine content of 45 dairy cows with metritis belonging to 12 herds was tested for c. burne ... | 2011 | 20576366 |
| comparative chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic studies on the genus arcanobacterium collins et al. 1982 emend. lehnen et al. 2006: proposal for trueperella gen. nov. and emended description of the genus arcanobacterium. | the results of a study comparing the chemotaxonomic characteristics and phylogenetic positions of members of the genus arcanobacterium indicated that the genus was not monophyletic and, therefore, was in need of taxonomic revision. phylogenetically, the genus arcanobacterium consisted of two distinct lines; a group comprising the species arcanobacterium haemolyticum (the type species of the genus), a. hippocoleae, a. phocae and a. pluranimalium and a robust group consisting of the species a. abo ... | 2010 | 20622055 |
| lemierre syndrome caused by co-infection by arcanobacterium haemolyticum and fusobacterium necrophorum. | | 2010 | 20661621 |
| cholesterol microcrystals and cochleate cylinders: attachment of pyolysin oligomers and domain 4. | using an established organic solvent injection procedure for the preparation of aqueous cholesterol microcrystal suspensions, it has now been shown that a new, hollow, cylindrical, tightly-coiled, multi-bilayer form of cholesterol can be generated, termed the cochleate cylinder. cholesterol cochleate cylinders are formed in larger numbers at intermediate temperatures (40-75°c) but are not formed at 100°c. the structure of the cholesterol microcrystals and cochleate cylinders is shown in negative ... | 2011 | 20682347 |
| cholesterol-dependent cytolysins. | the cholesterol-dependent cytolysins (cdcs) are part of a large family of pore-forming proteins that include the human proteins perforin and the complement membrane attack complex. the activity of all family members is focused on membranes, but the proteins are themselves involved in a diverse range of phenomena. an overview of some of these phenomena is provided here, along with an historical perspective of cdcs themselves and how our understanding of their mechanism of action has developed ove ... | 2010 | 20687480 |
| identification of arcanobacterium pyogenes isolated by post mortem examinations of a bearded dragon and a gecko by phenotypic and genotypic properties. | the present study was designed to identify phenotypically and genotypically two arcanobacterium (a.) pyogenes strains isolated by post mortem examinations of a bearded dragon and a gecko. the a. pyogenes strains showed the typical biochemical properties and displayed camp-like synergistic hemolytic activities with various indicator strains. the species identity could be confirmed genotypically by amplification and sequencing of the 16s rdna gene and, as novel target gene, by sequencing of the be ... | 2010 | 20706035 |
| microbiological and pathological examination of fatal calf pneumonia cases induced by bacterial and viral respiratory pathogens. | the infectious origin of fatal cases of calf pneumonia was studied in 48 calves from 27 different herds on postmortem examination. lung tissue samples were examined by pathological, histological, bacterial culture, virus isolation and immunohistochemical methods for the detection of viral and bacterial infections. pneumonia was diagnosed in 47/48 cases and infectious agents were found in 40/47 (85%) of those cases. the presence of multiple respiratory pathogens in 23/40 (57.5%) cases indicated t ... | 2010 | 20713325 |
| arcanobacterium pyogenes septicemia in a southern pudu (pudu puda) following uterine prolapse. | a 14-year-old female pudu (pudu puda) developed a uterine prolapse after unassisted parturition. the length of time between the prolapse and replacement of the organ was not known but was less than 24 hr. when the prolapse was first noticed, uterine tissue appeared undamaged and was immediately cleaned with antiseptic solution, handled carefully during replacement, and prophylactic antibiotic and anti-inflammatory drugs were given. the pudu appeared clinically normal until 4 days postpartum, whe ... | 2010 | 20722272 |
| [benefit of clinical and laboratory parameters for the diagnosis of endometritis in dairy cows]. | the goal of this work was to answer the question of whether or not there are significant differences between cows with abnormal vaginal discharge and cows with the diagnosis of puerperal or chronic endometritis, using blood and urine parameters. in addition, cows with and without vaginal discharge were examined for significant bacteriological differences in uterine mucous samples. the question of false positive and false negatives from the diagnosis of endometritis was also investigated. a total ... | 2010 | 20814859 |
| koch's postulate of arcanobacterium pyogenes and its immunogenicity in local and imported saanen goats. | the aim of this survey was to study koch's postulate of arcanobacterium pyogenes recovered from the necrotic lung of a kid and to compare the immunogenicity of this isolate in local and imported saanen goats. the disease was successfully reproduced in intrathoracically challenged hamsters which showed lung congestion and liver abscesses, while hamsters that were intraperitoneally challenged showed only the formation of intestinal abscesses. the percentage of histopathologic legions in 12 observe ... | 2010 | 20857381 |