| blowfly species composition in sheep myiasis in scotland. | samples of dipteran larvae were collected from live sheep throughout scotland, reared in the laboratory, and identified once adult flies emerged. lucilia sericata was found in 77% of samples, and other species in 49%. the most common alternative species were l.caesar, which occurred in 31% of samples, and protophormia terraenovae, which occurred in 18%. three other calliphorid species, calliphora vomitoria, c.vicina and l.illustris, and the muscid muscina pabulorum were also found. the proportio ... | 1997 | 9330256 |
| catalytic mechanism and role of hydroxyl residues in the active site of theta class glutathione s-transferases. investigation of ser-9 and tyr-113 in a glutathione s-transferase from the australian sheep blowfly, lucilia cuprina. | spectroscopic and kinetic studies have been performed on the australian sheep blowfly lucilia cuprina glutathione s-transferase (lucilia gst; ec 2.5.1.18) to clarify its catalytic mechanism. steady state kinetics of lucilia gst are non-michaelian, but the quite hyperbolic isothermic binding of gsh suggests that a steady state random sequential bi bi mechanism is consistent with the anomalous kinetics observed. the rate-limiting step of the reaction is a viscosity-dependent physical event, and st ... | 1997 | 9368035 |
| studies of wound myiasis among sheep and goats in north sinai governorate, egypt. | myiasis of man and animals is a real welfare problem of world wide distribution particularly in animal raising countries. studies of myiasis of sheep and goats in north sinai resulted in the identification of 21 species of myiasis producing flies. the predominant species was musca domestica followed by lucilia sericata and the least abundant was m. albina. in general, sheep were more infested with wound myiasis than goats. the overall infestation rate was high in summer, followed by spring then ... | 1997 | 9425818 |
| the potential for control of the blowfly lucilia sericata using odour-baited targets. | a deterministic simulation model is used to explore the potential for control of the sheep blowfly, lucilia sericata, using odour-baited targets. the simulations show that the ambient temperatures of 15 degrees c or 20 degrees c, 13% and 24% of the females present in a population would need to be killed per day, respectively, to prevent the population growing from its initial spring density during the summer blowfly season. in contrast, if both sexes could be sterilized, so that sterilized males ... | 1997 | 9430112 |
| discovery of a novel indole diterpene insecticide using first instars of lucilia sericata. | | 1997 | 9430124 |
| stress and asymmetry during arrested development of the australian sheep blowfly. | the dieldrin and diazinon resistance systems of the australian sheep blowfly (lucilia cuprina) have been used previously to relate stress, departures from bilateral symmetry, developmental stability and relative fitness. these systems are now used to consider stress and asymmetry in a developmental context. larval to adult development is shown to be significantly impaired after arrested development at 8 degrees c, however the asymmetry score of adults of a given genotype is similar after arreste ... | 1997 | 9447731 |
| [myiasis in a skin tumor]. | a case of myiasis of a cutaneous tumour, a melanoblastoma in the right axilla of an 87-year old woman is described. after two years of illness in the last months of life an attack of the tumour by larvae of the fly lucilia sericata (meigen, 1826) was observed. this fly is the most frequent causal agent of tissue, cavity, ocular and urogenital human myiasis in central europe. usually, injured or seriously ill patients are attacked by the larvae in urban as well as rural conditions. this is the fi ... | 1998 | 9511285 |
| [nasopharyngeal myiasis during mechanical ventilation]. | we report a case of myiasis caused by phaenicia sericata during mechanical ventilation. an 86-year-old woman with bronchiectasis was admitted to our hospital with severe respiratory failure. treatment with mechanical ventilation and sedatives was initiated. on the 10th day of hospitalization, about 20 white larvae were found in the patient's oral or nasal cavities. the larvae were removed and identified as phaenicia sericata. no mucosal injury was found in the patient's oral or nasal cavity by e ... | 1997 | 9567080 |
| post pupariation cold storage of three species of flies: increasing chilling tolerance by acclimation and recurrent recovery periods. | three species of flies were examined for chilling tolerance from the end of the pupariation to the onset of adult eclosion for the purpose of determining applicability for cold storage. for the housefly, musca domestica (diptera, muscidae), survival to eclosion was affected by developmental stage/age, length of storage, and storage temperature. houseflies that were closest to having experienced pupariation or the onset of eclosion were the least cold tolerant. for flies stored at 7 or 10 degrees ... | 1998 | 9597741 |
| the incidence of sheep strike by lucilia sericata on sheep farms in britain: a simulation model. | using a combination of a temperature-dependent simulation of the population dynamics of lucilia sericata and a logistic model of sheep susceptibility, based on patterns of faecal soiling, fleece length and fleece humidity, a deterministic simulation model has been constructed to predict the incidence of sheep strike by l. sericata on lambs and ewes in britain. strikes are assigned to individual sheep in the flock according to a negative binomial distribution. the model shows that the majority of ... | 1998 | 9615955 |
| in vitro effect of ivermectin on the larvae of lucilia sericata meigen in saudi arabia. | myiasis or the infestation of the living, necrotic or dead tissues of the body of man or animals by the dipterous fly larvae is a world wide welfare problem. consequently, control of these larvae attracted the attention of many authors. in this paper, the broad spectrum antiparasitic drug, ivermectin was used in-vitro against the larvae of the green bottle fly, lucilia sericata. the lc 50 was found to be 9 ppm (0.76-1.5) and the slope function was 0.59. this means that ivermectin is a safe and v ... | 1998 | 9617042 |
| preliminary investigations of plasma ammonia levels in sheep infested with lucilia sericata and their potential in the ageing of blowfly lesions in cases of neglect. | | 1998 | 9622376 |
| [the synanthropy of the calliphorids (insecta, diptera) of curitiba, paraná, brazil]. | the calliphorids synantropics were studied in three different environments--urban, rural and forest area--in metropolitan region of curitiba, paraná, brazil during october and december of 1996 to estimate the abundance, preferences of the adults to baits (fresh fish, bird liver and human faeces) and the synanthropic index for the most abundant species. a total of 3399 calliphorids of 13 different species were sampled: phaenicia eximia (wiedemann, 1819), phaenicia cuprina (wiedemann, 1818), phaen ... | 1998 | 9697653 |
| the effect of the volatile oils of chenopodium ambrosioides and thymus vulgaris against the larvae of lucilia sericata (meigen). | nowadays, there are many problems with the use of chemical insecticides as resistance, environmental pollution, toxicity to man and animal... etc. all these required the investigation of a new line for controlling arthropod pests of medical and agricultural importance. the volatile oils of chenopodium ambrosioides (american wormseed) and thymus vulgaris (tyme) proved to be effective against the third stage larvae of lucilia sericata. the lc50 confidence limits were 70 ppm and 130 ppm for both vo ... | 1998 | 9707679 |
| molecular characterization of the notch homologue from the australian sheep blowfly, lucilia cuprina. | the drosophila melanogaster notch gene product as a receptor of intercellular signals and is central to cell fate specification. the scalloped wings (scl) gene is the homologue of notch in the australian sheep blowfly, lucilia cuprina. an allele of scl is thought to be involved in the modification of darwinian fitness and bristle asymmetry in flies resistant to organophosphorous chemicals (ops). as a first step towards the testing of this hypothesis we cloned and sequenced scl. a full-length cdn ... | 1998 | 9753770 |
| genotypically dependent effects of cyromazine on reproduction and offspring development in the australian lucilia cuprina (diptera: calliphoridae). | the effects of cyromazine on egg production and subsequent egg-to-adult survival were examined on susceptible, heterozygous, and homozygous cyromazine-resistant genotypes of the australian sheep blowfly lucilia cuprina (wiedemann) by administering to adults 10 ppm of cyromazine in drinking water. cyromazine reduced egg production, hatch, and subsequent larval survival in susceptible genotypes by acting at the embryonic stage of development. resistance negated these effects dominantly for egg pro ... | 1998 | 9758551 |
| activities of bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal crystal proteins cyt1aa and cyt2aa against three species of sheep blowfly. | the toxicity of bacillus thuringiensis cyt1aa protein to sheep blowfly larvae depends on its solubilization and proteolytic activation. cyt1aa crystals were not toxic. full-length and trypsin-digested cyt1aa proteins were toxic to larvae of three species of sheep blowfly. neither full-length nor trypsin-digested cyt2a soluble crystal proteins were toxic. | 1998 | 9758842 |
| seasonal colonization and decomposition of rat carrion in water and on land in an open field in south carolina. | decomposition and insect colonization of rat, rattus rattus l., carrion on land and in water were compared during summer and winter in a plowed field in northwestern south carolina. during winter, carcasses on land reached the dried-remains stage of decomposition, whereas carcasses in water reached the early-floating stage. during summer, carcasses in both habitats entered the final-remains stage of decomposition in 1-2 wk. fewer than 30 species of carrion insects were recorded from the carcasse ... | 1998 | 9775597 |
| traumatic myiasis of sheep in europe: a review. | the two most important fly species causing traumatic cutaneous myiasis of sheep in europe are wohlfahrtia magnifica (diptera: sarcophagidae), which causes a form of myiasis known as wound myiasis, mainly in southern and eastern europe, and lucilia sericata (diptera: calliphoridae), which causes sheep strike, mainly in the middle latitudes of europe. other calliphorid blow-flies play a role mainly as secondary agents of myiasis, but in northern latitudes the l. caesar/illustris group are primary ... | 1997 | 9802103 |
| suppression of the blowfly lucilia sericata using odour-baited triflumuron-impregnated targets. | field trials were carried out in 1995 and 1996 on farms in the south-west of england to assess the extent to which odour-baited targets could be used to suppress populations of the ectoparasitic blowfly, lucilia sericata, in sheep pastures. targets were constructed from 41 x 41 cm squares of aluminium sheet, covered by white cloth which had been dipped in a mixture of sucrose solution (50% w/v) and the chitin synthesis inhibitor triflumuron (10% suspension concentrate). each target was baited wi ... | 1998 | 9824828 |
| the effect of farm management strategies on the incidence of sheep strike in britain: a simulation analysis. | a deterministic model is used to simulate the seasonal incidence of sheep myiasis (strike) on farms in britain and to explore the effects of different farm management strategies on strike incidence. the model is based on two sub-components: the seasonal pattern of abundance of the primary agent of sheep myiasis in northwest europe, the blowfly lucilia sericata and the range of factors known to influence ewe and lamb susceptibility to strike. the results of these simulations show that familiar fa ... | 1998 | 9831956 |
| nosocomial myiasis in an extremely premature infant caused by the sheep blowfly lucilia sericata. | | 1998 | 9849997 |
| predicting insecticide resistance: mutagenesis, selection and response. | strategies to manage resistance to a particular insecticide have usually been devised after resistance has evolved. if it were possible to predict likely resistance mechanisms to novel insecticides before they evolved in the field, it might be feasible to have programmes that manage susceptibility. with this approach in mind, single-gene variants of the australian sheep blowfly, lucilia cuprina, resistant to dieldrin, diazinon and malathion, were selected in the laboratory after mutagenesis of s ... | 1998 | 10021773 |
| determination of drug levels in larvae of lucilia sericata (diptera: calliphoridae) reared on rabbit carcasses containing morphine. | this study concerns the determination of morphine concentrations in fly larvae reared on rabbits administered different concentrations of morphine and a correlation between concentrations of the drug in larvae and tissues. three rabbits (r1, r2 and r3) were given dosages of 12.5, 25.0 and 50.0 mg/h of morphine over a 3 h period via continuous ear artery perfusion. these dosages and time of perfusion were calculated to create tissue concentrations of morphine similar to those encountered in human ... | 1999 | 10097361 |
| effects of morphine in decomposing bodies on the development of lucilia sericata (diptera: calliphoridae). | this study concerns the effects of morphine in tissues on the rate of development of lucilia sericata (diptera: calliphoridae) using those tissues as a food source. lucilia sericata is a species of fly commonly found on human corpses in europe during the early stages of decomposition and thus of forensic interest. three rabbits were administered 12.5, 25.0 and 50.0 mg/h of morphine chlorhydrate via ear perfusion over a period of 3 h. these dosages and duration of perfusion were calculated to giv ... | 1999 | 10097362 |
| an aural myiasis case in a 54-year-old male farmer in korea. | a 54-year-old male farmer residing in chunchon, korea, complaining of blood tinged discharge and tinnitus in the left ear for two days, was examined in august 16, 1996. otoscopic examination revealed live maggots from the ear canal. the patient did not complain of any symptoms after removal of maggots. five maggots recovered were identified as the third stage larvae of lucilia sericata (diptera: calliphoridae). this is the first record of aural myiasis in korea. | 1999 | 10188384 |
| the effect of hydrogel dressings on maggot development. | the effect of six different hydrogels on the development of sterile larvae (lucilia sericata) was examined in a laboratory study. five of the products had a marked adverse effect on maggot survival but one appeared to facilitate growth of the larvae when compared to control values. these results are consistent with clinical observations that larvae may not survive well in wounds containing residues of some hydrogel dressings. | 1999 | 10232202 |
| the effects of oviposition aggregation on the incidence of sheep blowfly strike. | the distribution of a parasite population within its natural host population can have a significant influence on the dynamics of both the host and parasite populations. the majority of parasite species are typically distributed in an aggregated manner within the host population, leaving most hosts lightly infected and a few hosts supporting very large parasite burdens. this paper presents a consideration of the effects of aggregation on the incidence of ovine cutaneous myiasis caused by the shee ... | 1999 | 10392969 |
| arthropod parasites of nubian ibexes (capra ibex nubiana) and gazelles (gazella gazella) in israel. | in a 20-year survey the following ectoparasites were collected from nubian ibexes: larvae of an unidentified oestrus sp. collected from the nasal cavities, sinuses and horns, hippoboscid flies (lipoptena chalcomelaena) specific to the nubian ibex, blood sucking lice (linognathus africanus) and unidentified biting lice (damalinia sp.). ibexes were severely infested with the cattle tick, boophilus annulatus; a few hyalomma anatolicum excavatum ticks were also collected. in five ibexes kept in two ... | 1999 | 10392972 |
| isolation and characterization of insect pc2-like prohormone convertase cdna. | endoproteolytic processing of large precursor molecules at basic amino acid residues plays an important role in the maturation of many hormones, neuropeptides and other regulatory proteins. enzymes performing these reactions are designated as prohormone or proprotein convertases and belong to the subtilisin family of serine proteases. the screening of a larval cdna library of the sheep blowfly lucilia cuprina resulted in the isolation of two cdnas encoding a pc2-like prohormone convertase. the p ... | 1999 | 10469247 |
| aminopeptidases as potential targets for the control of the australian sheep blowfly, lucilia cuprina. | a series of experiments were carried out to investigate the role of proteinase enzymes in the growth of larvae of the sheep blowfly, lucilia cuprina. first, instar larvae were incubated on an artificial growth media in the presence of various concentrations of inhibitors of all the major proteinase classes. inhibitors of serine proteinases and aminopeptidases were found to cause significant growth inhibition and in some cases death of the larvae within 24 h, suggesting that these enzymes were th ... | 1999 | 10480721 |
| biochemical aspects of egg hatch in endo- and ectoparasites: potential for rational drug design. | control of parasites through rational drug design requires a thorough understanding of the parasite's lifecycle encompassing the biochemical and physiological processes which contribute to normal parasite homeostasis. the hatching of parasite eggs for example, represents an important process in the development of a parasitic infection. previous studies in helminths have indicated that secreted enzymes often facilitate successful endoparasite egg hatch. in contrast, there are relatively few examp ... | 1999 | 10480723 |
| maggot therapy for the treatment of intractable wounds. | fly maggots have been known for centuries to help debride and heal wounds. maggot therapy was first introduced in the usa in 1931 and was routinely used there until the mid-1940s in over 300 hospitals. with the advent of antimicrobiols, maggot therapy became rare until the early 1990s, when it was re-introduced in the usa, uk, and israel. the objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of maggot therapy for the treatment of intractable, chronic wounds and ulcers in long-term hospitalized ... | 1999 | 10487456 |
| peritrophins of adult dipteran ectoparasites and their evaluation as vaccine antigens. | several peritrophins of larvae of lucilia cuprina (sheep blowfly) have demonstrated potential as vaccine antigens, and some have been characterised and cloned. these proteins are tightly associated with the peritrophic matrix, a chitinous tube or sac lining the lumen of the gut of most insects. the peritrophins require strong denaturants for their removal from peritrophic matrix. we now report the preliminary characterisation of peritrophins of the adult stage of l. cuprina and haematobia irrita ... | 1999 | 10579425 |
| [biosurgery - maggots, are they really the better surgeons?]. | between 1 october 1996 and 31 december 1998 123 patients (74 men, 43 women) suffering from acute (n = 17) and chronic (n = 21) infections and chronic wounds (n = 85) were treated with sterile maggots (lucilia sericata). in most patients the indication for the use of maggots was a failure to respond to standard therapy. healing occurred in all patients with acute infections, and chronic infections showed excellent short-term results. in chronic wounds disturbances of healing in diabetics responde ... | 1999 | 10591775 |
| stable fly, house fly (diptera: muscidae), and other nuisance fly development in poultry litter associated with horticultural crop production. | poultry litter usage in horticultural crop production is a contributor to nuisance fly populations, in particular stable flies (stomoxys calcitrans l.) and house flies (musca domestica l.). extrapolation of adult emergence data suggests that approximately 1.5 million house flies and 0.2 million stable flies are emerging on average from every hectare of poultry litter applied as a preplant fertilizer for vegetable production in perth, western australia. to a lesser extent, sideband applications t ... | 1999 | 10633577 |
| mce activities and malathion resistances in field populations of the australian sheep blowfly (lucilia cuprina). | malathion resistance has been shown to be the result of a single point mutation in the lcalphae7 gene in four independently isolated chromosomes of lucilia cuprina. the resultant amino acid substitution specifies high malathion carboxylesterase (mce) activity. we have assayed mce activities and resistance to malathion in three sets of field-derived samples, two sets of isogenic lines and five mass populations, and show that resistance to malathion in these samples is associated with high mce act ... | 2000 | 10692012 |
| in vitro insecticidal effects of fipronil and beta-cyfluthrin on larvae of the blowfly lucilia sericata. | the insecticidal effects of the phenylpyrazole, fipronil, and a pyrethroid, beta-cyfluthrin, on larvae of the blowfly lucilia sericata were determined in laboratory assays. when first stage larvae of l. sericata were reared on homogenized pig liver which had been treated with known amounts of test compounds, both fipronil and beta-cyfluthrin induced significant levels of mortality compared to acetone and water controls. however, fipronil was approximately 10 times more toxic than beta-cyfluthrin ... | 2000 | 10714463 |
| annual and spatial activity of dung flies and carrion in a mediterranean holm-oak pasture ecosystem. | the annual activity and spatial distribution of muscidae and calliphoridae were investigated in a holm-oak ('dehesa') ecosystem in western spain over two years in pasture and woodland habitats, using wind-orientated traps baited with a mixture of fresh cattle faeces, liver and sodium sulphide solution. lucilia sericata (meigen) was always the dominant species and, with chrysomya albiceps (weidemann), hydrotaea ignava (harris), muscina levida (harris) and muscina prolapsa (harris), was more abund ... | 2000 | 10759313 |
| destruction of bacteria in the digestive tract of the maggot of lucilia sericata (diptera: calliphoridae). | green fluorescent protein-producing escherichia coli were used to investigate the fate of bacteria in the alimentary tract of sterile grown maggots, lucilia sericata (meigen), using a laser scanning confocal microscope. a computer program was used to analyze the intensity of the fluorescence and to quantify the number of bacteria. the crop and the anterior midgut were the most heavily infected areas of the intestine. a significant decrease in the amount of bacteria was observed in the posterior ... | 2001 | 11296817 |
| pre-adult mortality in the blowfly lucilia sericata. | populations of the blowfly, lucilia sericata (meigen) (diptera: calliphoridae), have a considerable potential for rapid increase; the lifetime reproductive output of each adult female has been estimated to be between 130 and 172 eggs. nevertheless, in the field, absolute population densities of this species are relatively low. to account for this difference, the levels of mortality affecting the eggs, feeding and wandering larvae and pupae of l. sericata were assessed in the field and laboratory ... | 2001 | 11583452 |
| a novel family of chitin-binding proteins from insect type 2 peritrophic matrix. cdna sequences, chitin binding activity, and cellular localization. | the peritrophic matrix is a prominent feature of the digestive tract of most insects, but its function, formation, and even its composition remain contentious. this matrix is a molecular sieve whose toughness and elasticity are generated by glycoproteins, proteoglycans, and chitin fibrils. we now describe a small, highly conserved protein, peritrophin-15, which is an abundant component of the larval peritrophic matrices of the old world screwworm fly, chrysomya bezziana, and sheep blowfly, lucil ... | 2001 | 11278497 |
| [3h]-methyllycaconitine: a high affinity radioligand that labels invertebrate nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. | nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nachr) of insect and other invertebrates are heterogeneous and new tools are needed to dissect their multiplicity. [(3)h]-methyllycaconitine ([(3)h]-mla) is a novel radioligand which is a potent antagonist at vertebrate alpha7-type nachr. putative invertebrate nachr of the aphid myzus persicae, the moths heliothis virescens and manduca sexta, the fly lucilia sericata, and the squid loligo vulgaris were investigated in radioligand binding studies with [(3)h]-mla ... | 2001 | 11267892 |
| a preliminary evaluation of a sheep blowfly trap in the western cape. | an insecticide-free sheep blowfly trapping system, utilising a synthetic lure, was evaluated at 4 localities in the western cape. control sites, where no suppression was practised, were identified for each locality. the blowfly population was monitored for 48 hours monthly at each of the localities. five to 7 suppression traps at the respective localities were identified for this purpose. three to 10 traps were set monthly for monitoring in the control areas. trapping resulted in the suppression ... | 2000 | 11205162 |
| traumatic myiasis of geese in hungary. | five geese flocks were surveyed to gather data on the prevalence and clinical manifestation of traumatic myiasis and the fly species involved. myiasis was recorded in all the flocks and the total number of infested geese was 26 (ca. 0.1% of the total numbers). the first cases were observed at the end of may, the last ones in august. most birds (16/26) were infested in august. each affected goose had only one lesion, which was located more frequently on the wings (14/26) than on any other body. i ... | 2001 | 11163697 |
| use of sterile maggots to treat panniculitis in an aged donkey. | an aged female donkey developed a severe, localised, suppurative panniculitis secondary to a skin wound. bacterial culture of swabs taken from the wound gave a profuse growth of multi-drug-resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa, a profuse growth of escherichia coli and a moderate growth of beta-haemolytic streptococcus species. the lesion did not respond to conventional medical and surgical treatment and continued to progress. six applications of sterile larvae (maggots) of the common greenbottle, luc ... | 2001 | 11808664 |
| learned discrimination of pattern orientation in walking flies. | to determine the pattern-orientation discrimination ability of blowflies, phaenicia sericata, a learning/memory assay was developed in which sucrose served as the reward stimulus and was paired with one of two visual gratings of different orientations. individual, freely walking flies with clipped wings were trained to discriminate between pairs of visual patterns presented in the vertical plane. during training trials, individual flies learned to search preferentially at the rewarded stimulus. ... | 2001 | 11104706 |
| bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (b.t. serotype h-14) against lucilia sericata third stage larvae. | bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (b.t. h-14) was mixed with minced liver in different concentrations and given to newly moulted third stage larvae of lucilia sericata. the lc50 was 9 ppm (0.76-1.5) and the slope function was 0.59. this bacterium which is safe and friendly proved to be effective against the myiasis producing l. sericata larvae. | 2000 | 10946517 |
| characterisation of proteases involved in egg hatching of the sheep blowfly, lucilia cuprina. | a number of proteases were identified in the egg shell washings (esw) collected during the egg hatching of lucilia cuprina (sheep blowfly). characterization of these proteases indicated a ph optima in a similar ph range that was optimal for l. cuprina egg hatching. mechanistic characterization of these proteases indicated that they were predominantly of the serine class. several protease inhibitors were tested for their ability to inhibit l. cuprina egg hatching in vitro. egg hatching was signif ... | 2000 | 10927082 |
| sheep blowfly strike: a model approach. | | 2000 | 10924387 |
| paraphyly in hawaiian hybrid blowfly populations and the evolutionary history of anthropophilic species. | complementary nuclear (28s rrna) and mitochondrial (coi + ii) gene markers were sequenced from the blowflies, lucilia cuprina and lucilia sericata, from europe, africa, north america, australasia and hawaii. populations of the two species were phylogenetically distinct at both genes, with one exception. hawaiian l. cuprina possessed typical l. cuprina-type rrna, but had l. sericata-type mitochondrial (coi + ii) sequences. an explanation for this pattern is that hawaiian flies are hybrids and com ... | 2002 | 11966879 |
| minimum and maximum development rates of some forensically important calliphoridae (diptera). | blow fly development rates are frequently used to estimate elapsed time since death in homicide investigations in the first few weeks after death. however, in order to make more precise estimates of time since death, accurate developmental data must be generated for all carrion species, and at temperatures that are comparable with those found at crime scenes. this paper presents developmental rates determined for five forensically important species in british columbia, phormia regina (meigen), p ... | 2000 | 10914578 |
| partial sequencing of the cytochrome oxydase b subunit gene i: a tool for the identification of european species of blow flies for postmortem interval estimation. | the identification of insects found on a dead body can lead to the estimation of the time of death (postmortem interval). we report an updated version of an established method based on sequence analysis of pcr products from a region of the cytochrome b oxidase subunit i mitochondrial gene of different members of the family calliphoridae, by sequencing six european species: lucilia sericata (meigen), lucilia caesar (linné), lucilia illustris (meigen), calliphora vicina (robineau-desvody), calliph ... | 2000 | 10914577 |
| wound myiasis in urban and suburban united states. | the epidemiologic characteristics of human myiasis in the united states remain undefined. | 2000 | 10888974 |
| biodebridement: a case report of maggot therapy for limb salvage after fourth-degree burns. | the wound healing and antimicrobial properties of maggots are well known. maggot debridement therapy has been used for the treatment of various conditions. for maggot debridement therapy, the larvae of the blowfly are applied over necrotic or nonhealing wounds. we used maggot debridement therapy with the larvae of phaenicia sericata for limb salvage after bilateral lower extremity fourth-degree burns. | 2000 | 10850908 |
| dieldrin resistance in lucilia cuprina (the australian sheep blowfly): chance, selection and response. | discrete-generation population cages of lucilia cuprina were initiated with dieldrin-resistant allele (rdl ) frequencies of 1 or 5% and maintained for 17 generations on media with concentrations of dieldrin in the range 0-0.006% (w/v). the probability of the initial establishment of the rdl allele in a population was consistently greater at the 5% frequency and dependent on the concentration of dieldrin in the medium for both starting frequencies. once the resistant allele was established respon ... | 2000 | 10849085 |
| clustering of bloodstream infections during maggot debridement therapy using contaminated larvae of protophormia terraenovae. | the treatment of human wounds with fly larvae is an ancient procedure recently reintroduced into medical practice under the term of biosurgery. the crucial technical problem of biosurgery is asepsis of the larvae. | 2002 | 12382092 |
| synthetic studies on glycosphingolipids from the protostomia phyla: syntheses of arthro-series glycosphingolipids. | glycosphingolipids isolated from larvae of the green-bottle fly, lucilia caesar, have quite unique structures containing glcnacbeta-(1 --> 3)-man and galnacbeta-(1 --> 4)-glcnacbeta-(1 --> 3)-man. we have synthesized two glycosphingolipids, beta-d-glcnacp-(1 --> 3)-beta-d-manp-(1 --> 4)-beta-d-glcp-(1 --> 1)-cer and beta-d-galnacp-(1 --> 4)-beta-d-glcnacp-(1 --> 3)-beta-d-manp-(1 --> 4)-beta-d-glcp-(1 --> 1)-cer. a key reaction in the synthetic sequence is the application of the intramolecular a ... | 2002 | 12433469 |
| clinical applications for maggots in wound care. | maggot debridement therapy (mdt) was first introduced in the us in 1931 and was routinely used there until mid-1940s in over 300 hospitals. with the advent of antibacterials, maggot therapy became rare until the early 1990s, when it was re-introduced first in the us, and later in israel, the uk, germany, sweden, switzerland, ukraine and thailand. sterile maggots of the green bottle fly, lucilia (phaenicia) sericata, are used for mdt. up to 1000 maggots are introduced in the wound and left for 1 ... | 2001 | 11705249 |
| the crystal structures of glutathione s-transferases isozymes 1-3 and 1-4 from anopheles dirus species b. | glutathione s-transferases (gsts) are dimeric proteins that play an important role in cellular detoxification. four gsts from the mosquito anopheles dirus species b (ad), an important malaria vector in south east asia, are produced by alternate splicing of a single transcription product and were previously shown to have detoxifying activity towards pesticides such as ddt. we have determined the crystal structures for two of these alternatively spliced proteins, adgst1-3 (complexed with glutathio ... | 2001 | 11604524 |
| nosocomial submandibular infections with dipterous fly larvae. | in september 1998, a case of nosocomial cutaneous myiasis caused by lucilia sericata (meigen, 1826) in a 77-year-old male was found. the patient had been receiving partial maxillectomy due to the presence of malignant tumor on premaxilla. this is the first verified case involving lucilia sericata in taegu, korea. in the present paper, the salient morphological features of the third instar larvae involved have been studied. | 2001 | 11590916 |
| divergent structure and function of the bicoid gene in muscoidea fly species. | we have investigated the evolution of the bicoid (bcd) gene in fly species of the muscoidea superfamily. we obtained the complete bcd sequence from the housefly musca domestica and found polymorphism in the coding region among musca strains. in addition to musca, we cloned most of the bcd coding sequences from two blowfly species calliphora vicina and lucilia sericata. the 5' and 3' regulatory regions flanking the musca bcd gene are widely diverged in sequence from drosophila; however, some impo ... | 2001 | 11478522 |
| sequence and expression of the hunchback gene in lucilia sericata: a comparison with other dipterans. | we have found that the hunchback (hb)gene from lucilia sericata is conserved in its functional domains in comparison with related flies, although there is divergence in the protein outside these regions. the expression patterns of lucilia hb in early embryos are broadly similar to other higher dipterans. however, in the posterior region we report blastoderm and post-gastrulation expression patterns, which are diverged from musca and drosophila. these patterns are reminiscent of hb expression in ... | 2001 | 11466527 |
| insects of forensic significance in argentina. | records from forensic expertises and trappings with beef baits conducted in buenos aires, argentina (34 degrees 36's), show that the dominating species are widespread ones (calliphora vicina and phaenicia sericata), with different behaviour in each large latitudinal zone. it is suggested that the range of the yearly photoperiod variation has an influence in the behaviour of the blowflies, making up for differences in the succession patterns. the calliphorid blowflies cochliomyia macellaria and c ... | 2001 | 11457623 |
| morphine extraction in necrophagous insects remains for determining ante-mortem opiate intoxication. | to study the potential use of insects remains as toxicological indicators, we measured morphine in desiccated entomological materials using a radioimmunoassay method (coat-a-count serum morphine, dade behring, france) following enzymatic hydrolysis.first, enzymatic cuticle extraction of morphine (pronase digestion preceded by a 2h incubation with a dithiothreitol solution) was performed on various substrates (calliphoridae puparial cases and desiccated adults, and desiccated pupae of dermestidae ... | 2001 | 11457620 |
| stability of prostate specific antigen (psa), and subsequent y-str typing, of lucilia (phaenicia) sericata (meigen) (diptera: calliphoridae) maggots reared from a simulated postmortem sexual assault. | rape-homicide represents one of the most heinous crimes, but which are also the hardest to solve due to the high occurrence of stranger-to-stranger interaction. this is the first case of obtaining p30 and y-str typing from a simulated postmortem sexual assault. 2, 3.5 and 6 microl of liquid semen was added to a liver substrate and lucilia (phaenicia) sericata (meigen) eggs added. the larvae fed upon the semen coated substrate and were removed for testing after 48 and 145h after initial liquid se ... | 2001 | 11457613 |
| effect of temperature on lucilia sericata (diptera: calliphoridae) development with special reference to the isomegalen- and isomorphen-diagram. | developmental behavior of eggs, larva and pupa of the blowfly species lucilia sericata (meigen) were studied under 10 different temperature regimes. data from these studies were used to construct the isomegalen-diagram. in this diagram, time from hatching to peakfeeding is plotted against temperature, each line representing identical larval length at various temperatures. if the temperature is roughly constant, as is the case with corpses found indoors, the age of the maggot can be read off inst ... | 2001 | 11457606 |
| the acetylcholinesterase gene and organophosphorus resistance in the australian sheep blowfly, lucilia cuprina. | acetylcholinesterase (ache), encoded by the ace gene, is the primary target of organophosphorous (op) and carbamate insecticides. ace mutations have been identified in op resistants strains of drosophila melanogaster. however, in the australian sheep blowfly, lucilia cuprina, resistance in field and laboratory generated strains is determined by point mutations in the rop-1 gene, which encodes a carboxylesterase, e3. to investigate the apparent bias for the rop-1/e3 mechanism in the evolution of ... | 2001 | 11378416 |
| lcusp, an ultraspiracle gene from the sheep blowfly, lucilia cuprina: cdna cloning, developmental expression of rna and confirmation of function. | a dna sequence corresponding to most of the dna-binding domain of a lucilia cuprina ultraspiracle protein (lcusp) was amplified by pcr from genomic dna and cloned. this cloned fragment was used to screen a l. cuprina cdna library and to isolate a full-length lcusp encoding sequence within a 3800-bp cdna clone. the conceptually translated amino acid sequence of this open reading frame (467 amino acids) was used in alignment comparisons and phylogenetic analyses to reveal that lcusp most closely r ... | 2001 | 11378412 |
| [wound healing by steril fly larvas: basic mechanical, biochemical and microbiological principles]. | recently an old treatment for refractory wounds, the so-called "maggot-therapy", once again received attention in medical literature. it seems, that the biggest obstacle for a broad clinical use of fly larvae of the species lucilia sericata in wound treatment is the lack of knowledge about the biology of these animals and the underlying mechanisms with respect to wound therapy. in this review, the known and possible mechanisms of action of maggot-therapy are presented and opportunities for furth ... | 2003 | 12836455 |
| identification of screwworms, cochliomyia hominivorax (coquerel) (diptera: calliphoridae), with a monoclonal antibody-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (mab-elisa). | myiasis caused by screwworms, cochliomyia hominivorax (coquerel), is devastating to warm-blooded animals and economically important to livestock producers. it is difficult to distinguish these pests, immature screwworms, from immatures of other non-pest fly species that often occur in animal wounds; it would be helpful to have tools available that do not rely on morphological characteristics. we developed two monoclonal antibodies (mabs), highly specific for the screwworm, and used them in an en ... | 2001 | 11731077 |
| [a study on sarcosaphagous insects species variety with seasons in chengdu]. | to study the species of sarcosaphagous insects. | 2003 | 12905578 |
| insecticidal activity of huperzine a from the new zealand clubmoss, lycopodium varium. | a bioactivity-directed investigation of an extract of the new zealand clubmoss, lycopodium varium, collected on subantarctic campbell island, has led to the isolation of the alkaloid huperzine a (1) as the major antifeedant and insecticidal component. huperzine a showed insecticidal activity against the australian carpet beetle, anthrenocerus australis (ld(50) = 110 ppm), the australian sheep blowfly, lucilia cuprina (ld(50) = 2380 ppm), and the webbing clothes moth, tineola bisselliella (ld(50) ... | 2002 | 11804518 |
| rapid restructuring of bicoid-dependent hunchback promoters within and between dipteran species: implications for molecular coevolution. | interacting genetic elements need to coevolve if their joint function is to be maintained; for example, the correct binding of transcriptional regulators to defined binding sites in gene promoters needs to be maintained during evolution to ensure proper function. as part of a wider investigation into the molecular coevolution of the dipteran homeodomain-bearing regulator bicoid (bcd) and bcd-dependent promoters, we present data on the functional, structural, and sequence differences between the ... | 2001 | 11806635 |
| [unilateral occurrence of blowfly maggots in the face of a decomposing body]. | the corpse of a 41-year-old medical doctor was found in his bed. the body was partially dried out; parts of the hip region were skeletonized due to maggot activity. in the facial region of the corpse, blowfly maggots (lucilia (phaenicia) sericata [meigen]) were found exclusively in one eye socket. this is an unusual occurrence since on that side, a bedlight (40 w light bulb) had been burning during the seven week post mortem interval. all other lights in the apartment were switched off, and no d ... | 2001 | 11824099 |
| orientation discrimination independent of retinal matching by blowflies. | blowflies, phaenicia sericata, can be trained to discriminate in a learning paradigm in which one of the two visual cues is positively rewarded. retinotopic matching of a learned visual image to the same retinal location from viewing to viewing has been hypothesized to underlie visual pattern learning and memory in insects. to address the theory of retinotopic matching, a detailed analysis was made of the flies' body orientations during learned discriminations between +45 degrees and -45 degrees ... | 2001 | 11104707 |
| resistance to dieldrin in lucilia cuprina wied., the australian sheep blowfly. | | 1958 | 13526706 |
| germ-line transformation of the australian sheep blowfly lucilia cuprina. | the australian sheep blowfly, lucilia cuprina, is the most important economic insect pest for the sheep industries in australia and new zealand. piggybac-mediated germ-line transformation of l. cuprina was achieved with a helper plasmid that had the drosophila melanogaster hsp70 promoter controlling expression of the transposase and a piggybac vector with an egfp marker gene. two transformant lines were obtained, at a frequency of approximately 1-2% per fertile g0. one of these lines has a singl ... | 2002 | 11841497 |
| overproduction of a p450 that metabolizes diazinon is linked to a loss-of-function in the chromosome 2 ali-esterase (mdalphae7) gene in resistant house flies. | up-regulation of detoxifying enzymes in insecticide-resistant strains of the house fly is a common mechanism for metabolic resistance. however, the molecular basis of this increased insecticide metabolism is not well understood. in the multiresistant rutgers strain, several cytochromes p450 and glutathione s-transferases are constitutively overexpressed at the transcriptional level. overexpression is the result of trans-regulation, and a regulatory gene has been located on chromosome 2. a gly137 ... | 2001 | 11903631 |
| nasal myiasis in an intensive care unit linked to hospital-wide mouse infestation. | a large city hospital experienced an infestation of mice combated in part by broadcasting poisoned baits. months later there was an invasion of flies into the hospital, and 2 comatose patients in an intensive care unit contracted nasal maggots. adult flies were trapped and maggots removed from the nares of the second patient. these were identified as the green blowfly (phaenicia sericata). recent downsizing of hospital personnel had led to the unintended and unrecognized loss of housekeeping ser ... | 2002 | 11911716 |
| diptera of sanitary importance associated with composting of biosolids in argentina. | odorous compounds produced at the biosolids composting plant in bariloche (nw patagonia) attract a variety of insects, mainly belonging to the order diptera. in order to characterize these flies, collected specimens were taxonomically identified, their community characteristics were described and their sanitary and synanthropic importance and autochthonous or introduced character were determined. | 2003 | 14666301 |
| comparison of nodulisporic acid analogs in a lucilia sericata in vitro assay and a ctenocephalides felis membrane feeding system. | a medicinal chemistry program on the nodulisporic acid chemical class, guided by an artificial membrane flea-feeding assay, has recently identified permissive and nonpermissive regions of the pharmacophore for exploitation against fleas. this pathway was validated when several promising compounds from this program were administered orally to dogs at 15.0 mg/kg and found to have >90% flea activity for 2 wk. to determine if a surrogate insect assay would have provided the same guidance, a nodulisp ... | 2002 | 12053989 |
| report of a case of human nasal myiasis by the green-bottle fly, phaenicia sericata, in san bernardino county, california. | | 1952 | 14943920 |
| the survival of poliomyelitis and coxsackie viruses following their ingestion by flies. | poliomyelitis virus and coxsackie (or c) virus were quantitatively fed to blowflies, phormia regina and phaenicia sericata, and to houseflies, musca domestica. naturally infectious human stools were the source of virus. poliomyelitis virus can be almost quantitatively recovered from flies and from their excreta collected over a period of several days following the feeding. c virus can also be recovered but in lesser yields. no conclusive evidence for virus multiplication in these laboratory-bred ... | 1952 | 14955579 |
| isolation of salmonella from muscoid flies at commercial animal establishments in san bernardino county, california. | adult muscoid flies collected from three dairies and eight commercial poultry ranches in san bernardino county were tested for salmonella enteritidis. of the total 2,686 flies tested, 92.3% were musca domestica, 5.5% fannia canicularis, 1.9% ophyra leucostoma, 0.2% phaenicia sericata, and <0.1% muscina stabulans. whereas flies at the dairies belonged exclusively to m. domestica, faunal composition at the poultry ranches was more diverse, including all five species. among the five fly species, on ... | 2002 | 12125877 |
| the effect of containment on the properties of sterile maggots. | a laboratory-based study undertaken to examine the effect of confinement in net bags upon the feeding mechanisms and growth rate of maggots of lucilia sericata showed that free-range maggots survived better and grew significantly faster than maggots in bags (p<0.005). in a separate study it was also demonstrated that maggots in bags could survive on wound fluid that passed through the net without their having access to any form of solid food. this finding was consistent with clinical experience ... | 2002 | 12131859 |
| development of vaccines against sea lice. | a review of efforts to develop a vaccine against sea lice is presented together with analysis of the rationale behind the approaches and potential future directions. vaccines against the caligid copepod, lepeophtheirus salmonis, have the potential to be a cost-effective means of controlling the infection and avoid many of the disadvantages of medicine treatments. however, research towards such vaccines is in its infancy and approaches so far used have met with little or no success. most strategi ... | 2002 | 12138623 |
| degradation of extracellular matrix components by defined proteinases from the greenbottle larva lucilia sericata used for the clinical debridement of non-healing wounds. | larvae of the greenbottle fly lucilia sericata are used routinely for the clinical treatment of difficult necrotic and infected wounds. degradation by proteinases contained in larval excretory/secretory (es) products is thought to contribute to wound debridement by removal of dead tissue. however, proteinase activity may also affect host tissue remodelling processes. | 2003 | 12534589 |
| the efficacy of the volatile oils of three plants for controlling lucilia sericata. | myiasis is one of the most important parasitic diseases, which affects the human welfare. the volatile oils of three plants were tested against adult lucilia sericata. the lc50 was 80 ppm by anethum graveolens, 180 ppm by conyza dioscoridis and 130 ppm by mentha microphylla. the slope functions were 1.9, 1.79 and 2.2 respectively. the whole results were discussed. | 1999 | 12561887 |
| mitochondrial dna cytochrome oxidase i gene: potential for distinction between immature stages of some forensically important fly species (diptera) in western australia. | forensic entomology requires the fast and accurate identification of insects collected from a corpse for estimation of the postmortem interval (pmi). identification of specimens is traditionally performed using morphological features of the insect. morphological identification may be complicated however by the numerical diversity of species and physical similarity between different species, particularly in immature stages. in this study, sequencing was performed to study the mitochondrial dna (m ... | 2003 | 12590052 |
| [bilateral aural myiasis caused by lucilia sericata]. | | 2002 | 12616954 |
| isolation and insecticidal activity of mellamide from aspergillus melleus. | mellamide, a novel indole amide, was isolated from a fermentation of aspergillus melleus using silica gel and high-performance liquid chromatographic methods. this allowed its separation from three known antiparasitic compounds (ochratoxin a, viomellin and xanthomegnin) also present in the potent extract. the structure was elucidated by (1)h, (13)c, cosy, dept, hmqc and hmbc nmr experiments. hr-ftms aided in the molecular weight and formula determination. mellamide showed in vitro insecticidal a ... | 2003 | 12687496 |
| use of pcr-rflp for differentiation of calliphorid larvae (diptera, calliphoridae) on human corpses. | blowfly larvae found on human corpses are important for the estimation of the postmortem interval (pmi) and other questions of forensic relevance. some of these species are difficult to differentiate morphologically, therefore a molecular method was elaborated for species identification. specific fragments of the coi and coii region of the mitochondrial dna (mtdna) were amplified followed by digestion with different restriction enzymes. using a 1.3 kb fragment, identification of lucilia sericata ... | 2003 | 12689755 |
| the reactions of lucilia sericata (mg.) to various substances placed on sheep. | | 1950 | 15401183 |
| sheep blowfly strike reduction using a synthetic lure system. | the effectiveness of a synthetic lure system to reduce the incidence of blowfly strike in sheep flocks was assessed, using randomised field trials. four field trials used eight total groups of sheep randomised to treatment (flytrap) or control on two properties in southern queensland between 1999 and 2001. treatment consisted of the operation of flytraps in paddocks as per manufacturer's recommendations. all sheep were inspected physically each month for flystrikes. flytraps were associated with ... | 2003 | 12719014 |
| measurement of age and population age structure in the blowfly, lucilia sericata (meigen) (diptera: calliphoridae). | for field samples of the blowfly lucilia sericata (meigen), the degree of wing abrasion, corrected for individual size, was shown to give a useful estimate of age, by calibration against a known measure of chronological age, the fluorescence of pteridines in the head capsule. in more extensive field studies, therefore, wing fray was used to indicate the likely ovarian cycle of each female, after which the length of the most advanced egg follicle was used to give a more precise estimate of age wi ... | 1998 | 12770425 |
| maggots and wound healing: an investigation of the effects of secretions from lucilia sericata larvae upon interactions between human dermal fibroblasts and extracellular matrix components. | through clinical observation, lucilia sericata (greenbottle fly) larvae are credited with exerting the following beneficial effects upon a chronic nonhealing wound: removal of necrotic tissue ('debridement'), disinfection of the wound and active promotion of granulation tissue formation. as a major cellular component of granulation tissue, fibroblasts play an extensive role in healing. the composition of extracellular matrix (ecm) located in the wound is another important factor, partaking in a ... | 2003 | 12786822 |
| reducing waste contamination from animal-processing plants by anaerobic thermophilic fermentation and by flesh fly digestion. | there is currently no market in israel for the large amounts of waste from fish- and poultry-processing plants. therefore, this waste is incinerated, as part of the measures to prevent the spread of pathogens. anaerobic methanogenic thermophilic fermentation (amtf) of wastes from the cattle-slaughtering industry was examined previously, as an effective system to treat pathogenic bacteria, and in this article, we discuss a combined method of digestion by thermophilic anaerobic bacteria and by fle ... | 2003 | 12794287 |
| flies eggs: a new method for the estimation of short-term post-mortem interval? | three modeling methods were used to estimate the time for laying of lucilia sericata eggs (diptera, calliphoridae) after measurements of hatching times at several constant temperatures. these models were tested first under controlled conditions with 19 profiles of fluctuating temperatures, and on the other hand under field conditions on mice. all three models were allowed to determine the time of laying within a period of about 2h, and consequently this determines the time of death, as this spec ... | 2003 | 12893132 |
| detection of serine proteases secreted by lucilia sericata in vitro and during treatment of a chronic leg ulcer. | | 2003 | 12926813 |