| susceptibility of avian b lymphocytes to retroviral infection parallels that of fibroblasts. | the ability of conventional virus receptors to mediate infection and transformation of immature b cells by the avian leukosis virus (alv) was analyzed in chimeric chickens whose bursa of fabricius contained a mixture of b cells from subgroup a virus receptor-positive and -negative chickens. the data indicate that factors that determine resistance of fibroblasts to alv infection also apply to bursal cells and that other receptors expressed by b cells, i.e., antigen or mitogen receptors, do not in ... | 1986 | 3012871 |
| resistance of line 6(3) chickens to reticuloendotheliosis-virus-induced bursa-associated lymphomas. | chickens of lines 6(3) and 151(5) x 7(1) were inoculated with the chick syncytial strain of reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) or with the rous-associated virus-i of avian leukosis virus (alv) at hatching. at 4, 10, 16, and 36 weeks post inoculation (pi), chickens were tested for rev- and alv-induced viremia and antibody. the incidence of rev- or alv-induced bursa-associated lymphomas in line 6(3) chickens was compared with that in line 151(5) x 7(1) chickens. inoculation of rev at hatching resul ... | 1986 | 3013782 |
| characterization of monoclonal antibodies to avian leukosis viruses. | hybridoma cell lines secreting monoclonal antibody (mca) to avian leukosis virus (alv) structural proteins p27 and p19 have been established. in an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), mca 6al20 (igg1 isotype) reacted with rpl-40 (alv subgroup a), avian myeloblastosis virus (amv) (a mixture of subgroups a and b), rous-associated virus (rav)-2 (subgroup b), and carr-zilber strain of rous sarcoma virus (cz-rsv) (subgroup d) but not with prague strain of rsv (prc-rsv) (subgroup c) or ... | 1986 | 3015099 |
| replication-competent endogenous avian leukosis virus in commercial lines of meat chickens. | group-specific (gs)-antigen-positive egg albumen in seven commercial lines of meat chickens was found to result from the presence of endogenous avian leukosis virus (alv); these lines had resisted selection attempts to reduce the shedding rate. in two meat lines, exogenous as well as endogenous alv contributed to the gs-antigen shedding. all hens that produced gs-antigen-positive albumen transmitted endogenous alv to a high proportion of their embryos (20 to 100%). hens shedding gs-antigen to al ... | 1986 | 3015111 |
| expression of molecular clones of v-myb in avian and mammalian cells independently of transformation. | we demonstrated that molecular clones of the v-myb oncogene of avian myeloblastosis virus (amv) can direct the synthesis of p48v-myb both in avian and mammalian cells which are not targets for transformation by amv. to accomplish this, we constructed dominantly selectable avian leukosis virus derivatives which efficiently coexpress the protein products of the tn5 neo gene and the v-myb oncogene. the use of chemically transformed qt6 quail cells for proviral dna transfection or retroviral infecti ... | 1986 | 3016296 |
| characterization of rous sarcoma virus-related sequences in the japanese quail. | we detected sequences related to the avian retrovirus rous sarcoma virus within the genome of the japanese quail, a species previously considered to be free of endogenous avian leukosis virus elements. using low-stringency conditions of hybridization, we screened a quail genomic library for clones containing retrovirus-related information. of five clones so selected, one, lambda q48, contained sequence information related to the gag, pol, and env genes of rous sarcoma virus arranged in a contigu ... | 1986 | 3016302 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of gag-, pol-, and env-related gene sequences in the ev- chicken. | using less stringent hybridization conditions and cloned viral dna probes representing the avian sarcoma virus gag, pol, env, and long terminal repeat (ltr) gene sequences, we detected related sequences in two avian species purportedly lacking all endogenous avian leukosis viruses, the ev- chicken and the japanese quail. the blot hybridization patterns obtained with the various probes suggest the presence of between 40 and 100 copies of retrovirus-related sequences in the genomes of these two sp ... | 1986 | 3016330 |
| transmission of (ltr, v-src, ltr) without recombination with a helper virus. | we have analyzed transmission of (ltr, v-src, ltr) cryptic structure integrated in the h-19 mammalian tumor cell line. from this cell line different isolates of transforming virus were rescued in heterokaryons produced by fusion with chicken fibroblasts infected by replication-competent avian leukosis virus rav-1. one of them (f6) was used for the transformation of avian cells in the absence of the helper virus. in four transformed cell lines studied, the (ltr, v-src, ltr) structure was again in ... | 1986 | 3016994 |
| immune response to avian leukosis virus determined by the cell-mediated focus-reduction (cemfor) assay. | a cell-mediated focus-reduction (cemfor) assay was used to determine the sequential development of cell-mediated immunity to avian oncornaviruses and the nature of the cells participating in this immune reaction. peripheral blood leukocytes of leghorn chickens that had regressed rous sarcoma virus-induced tumors or were immune to avian leukosis virus had cemfor activity. the response was biphasic early in the infection. peripheral blood leukocytes from nonimmune chickens or viremic, immunologica ... | 1986 | 3018344 |
| observations on an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of antibodies against avian leukosis-sarcoma viruses. | in the detection of antibodies against exogenous subgroup a avian leukosis viruses (alvs) using a representative subgroup a virus, concordance between enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) and serum neutralizations ranged from 83 to 95%. in elisas, subgroup a- and subgroup b-specific neutralizing antisera were equally reactive against alvs of subgroups a, b, and e. conversely, little cross-reactivity of high-titered subgroup e antisera was observed against subgroup a viruses. significant c ... | 1986 | 3021098 |
| differential transcription from the long terminal repeats of integrated avian leukosis virus dna. | in avian leukosis virus-induced lymphoma and erythroblastosis, the expression of the proto-oncogenes c-myc and c-erbb is activated by downstream or readthrough transcripts initiated within integrated proviral dna. to determine the relative abundance of viral rnas extending into the downstream cellular sequences independently of the effects that may be exerted by specific sites of proviral integration, we examined the rna of infected avian fibroblasts. using a nuclease protection strategy to dete ... | 1986 | 3021984 |
| selective shedding and congenital transmission of endogenous avian leukosis viruses. | shedding and congenital transmission of endogenous avian leukosis viruses were studied in viremic white leghorn hens exogenously infected with viruses with endogenous long terminal repeats (ltrs) and in four semicongenic lines of hens that naturally express infectious endogenous viruses (evs). relatively high titers of infectious virus ev7 (encoded at locus ev7), rous-associated virus-0 (rav-0), and recombinant 882/-16 rav-0 were detected in blood cells and sera from exogenously infected hens, b ... | 1986 | 3023657 |
| c-erbb activation in avian leukosis virus-induced erythroblastosis: multiple epidermal growth factor receptor mrnas are generated by alternative rna processing. | avian leukosis virus-induced erythroblastosis results from the specific interruption of the host oncogene, c-erbb, by the insertion of an intact provirus. this insertion results in the expression of two size classes (3.6 and 7.0 kilobases [kb]) of truncated c-erbb transcripts which are initiated in the 5' long terminal repeat of the integrated provirus. through sequence analysis of erbb cdna clones we have previously shown that the 3.6-kb activated erbb mrna contains portions of viral gag and en ... | 1986 | 3023963 |
| selective integration of avian leukosis virus in different hematopoietic tissues. | hematopoietic tissues obtained from avian leukosis virus (alv)-infected hyline sc chickens were analyzed for the presence of integrated viral dna sequences. cells were prepared from bone marrow, bursa, spleen, thymus, and peripheral blood. following the removal of erythrocytes, cellular dnas from each of these tissues were examined by southern analysis. during the first few weeks of infection, dna from the bone marrow contained as many as 0.5 copies of viral dna per haploid genome. cells from th ... | 1986 | 3024400 |
| restrictions that influence avian leukosis virus-induced lymphoid leukosis. | | 1986 | 3024914 |
| the cellular homologue of the transforming gene of skv avian retrovirus maps to human chromosome region 1q22----q24. | we report the chromosomal localization of the cellular oncogene ski, the putative oncogene of the sloan-kettering viruses (skvs), a group of transforming retroviruses that had been isolated from chicken embryo cells infected with the avian leukosis virus tdb77. southern blot analysis of dna from mouse x human somatic cell hybrids with the v-ski probe established synteny with chromosome 1, but excluding the region 1pter----q21. in situ hybridization of the same probe both to human spermatocyte pa ... | 1986 | 3026737 |
| embryonic infection with the endogenous avian leukosis virus rous-associated virus-0 alters responses to exogenous avian leukosis virus infection. | we inoculated susceptible chicken embryos with the endogenous avian leukosis virus rous-associated virus-0 (rav-0) on day 6 of incubation. at 1 week after hatching, rav-0-infected and control chickens were inoculated with either rav-1 or rav-2, exogenous viruses belonging to subgroups a and b, respectively. the chickens injected with rav-0 as embryos remained viremic with exogenous virus longer and either failed to develop type-specific humoral immunity to exogenous virus or developed it later t ... | 1987 | 3027399 |
| comparison of the structural organizations in the 3'-terminal regions of five avian retrovirus strains: rav 7, rav 50, b77, pr-b, and sr-b. | in order to obtain information on the phylogenies of viral strains which belong to rsv (rous sarcoma virus) and alv (avian leukosis virus), the nucleotide sequences of noncoding regions adjacent to the u3 region in two alv strains, rous-associated virus 7 (rav 7) and rav 50, and three rsv strains, bratislava 77 (b77), prague:subgroup b (pr-b), and schmidt-ruppin:subgroup b (sr-b) were determined by extension from a common primer. the sequences thus deduced were compared with known sequences of o ... | 1987 | 3027964 |
| genetic determinants of neoplastic diseases induced by a subgroup f avian leukosis virus. | two subgroup f avian leukosis viruses, ring-necked pheasant virus (rpv) and rav-61, were previously shown to induce a high incidence of a fatal proliferative disorder in the lungs of infected chickens. these lung lesions, termed angiosarcomas, appear rapidly (4 to 5 weeks after infection), show no evidence of proto-oncogene activation by proviral integration, and are not induced by avian leukosis viruses belonging to other subgroups. to identify the viral sequences responsible for induction of t ... | 1987 | 3029416 |
| transgenic chickens: insertion of retroviral genes into the chicken germ line. | we infected early chicken embryos by injection of wild-type and recombinant avian leukosis viruses into the yolk of unincubated, fertile eggs. the viremic males (designated generation 0 (g-0] were tested for transmission of proviral dna to their g-1 progeny. nine of 37 g-0 viremic males were mosiac and proviral dna was transmitted to their progeny at frequencies varying from 1 to 11%. all of the g-1 progeny examined by restriction enzyme analysis for clonality of proviral junction fragments had ... | 1987 | 3029962 |
| proliferative fibromatosis in avian skeletal muscle caused by cloned recombinant avian leukosis viruses. | two molecular recombinants (eu-8 and k-3) constructed from ring-necked pheasant virus and ur2av, the helper virus associated with avian sarcoma virus ur2, caused a high incidence of a hitherto unreported pathological condition in chick skeletal muscle. a disease spectrum was observed in which muscle was infiltrated by proliferating fibroblasts and caused white streaks, white diffuse areas, or well-defined elongated tumors. fibroblast proliferation was progressive, and the gross presentation depe ... | 1987 | 3030543 |
| an aberrant avian leukosis virus provirus inserted downstream from the chicken c-myc coding sequence in a bursal lymphoma results from intrachromosomal recombination between two proviruses and deletion of cellular dna. | a chicken bursal lymphoma, ll6, contains avian leukosis virus dna integrated 3' of the c-myc coding sequences, unlike all other examined bursal lymphomas, which have integrations 5' to c-myc. to better understand this unusual mutation, we examined a molecular clone containing the ll6 c-myc gene and determined the structure of the proviral insertion by dna sequencing. viral dna begins 575 base pairs downstream of the c-myc coding sequences within the untranslated region, disrupting the use of the ... | 1987 | 3033315 |
| [the genome of chickens free of endogenous avian leukosis-sarcoma proviruses contains sequences distantly related to rous sarcoma virus]. | line of brown leghorn chickens free of rav-o-type endogenous proviruses was obtained by selection under blot hybridization control. a set of dispersed sequences distantly related to avian leukosis virus genome was found in dna of these chickens by means of hybridization in non-stringent conditions. different restriction fragments were detected by gag, pol and env hybridization probes. | 1987 | 3033485 |
| efficient packaging of readthrough rna in alv: implications for oncogene transduction. | readthrough viral transcripts are present at relatively high levels in cells infected with avian leukosis virus. it has been proposed that they can function as intermediates in the transduction of proto-oncogenes by retroviruses. it is shown here, by the analysis of viruses containing a mutation in the aauaaa polyadenylation signal, that readthrough rnas have the requisite properties to function as transduction intermediates: readthrough rnas were polyadenylated and packaged as efficiently as no ... | 1987 | 3033828 |
| cultivation of avian rotaviruses in chicken lymphocytes and lymphoblastoid cell lines. | avian rotavirus isolates were used to infect normal chicken spleen cells, lymphoblastoid t cell lines transformed by marek's disease virus, an avian leukosis virus-transformed b cell line, and a reticuloendotheliosis virus-transformed line, which is a pre-b, pre-t cell line. all five isolates tested were able to infect spleen cells and the three types of lymphoblastoid cell lines, suggesting that avian rotaviruses can infect both b and t cells. splenic lymphocytes were considerably less suscepti ... | 1987 | 3034208 |
| b-lymphoma induction by reticuloendotheliosis virus: characterization of a mutated chicken syncytial virus provirus involved in c-myc activation. | nondefective reticuloendotheliosis virus induces chicken bursal lymphoma in a manner similar to that of avian leukosis virus. the provirus integrates in the c-myc locus and uses a promoter insertion mechanism to activate c-myc expression. we cloned a provirus involved in c-myc activation from a b lymphoma. detailed structural characterization of this clone, including sequence determination, revealed proviral insertion at 512 base pairs preceding the second c-myc exon. the provirus has a deletion ... | 1987 | 3035210 |
| gene insertion into the chicken germ line by retroviruses. | we injected chick syncytial strain of reticuloendotheliosis virus (cs-rev) and wild type and recombinant avian leukosis virus (alv) near the blastoderm of unincubated fertilized embryos and cs-rev intra-abdominally at day of hatch, and we progeny tested the surviving alv viremic males and rev viremic males and females for transmitted viral genetic material. a number of positive progeny were identified and their deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) analyzed for restriction enzyme fragments that hybridized ... | 1986 | 3035526 |
| design of retroviral vectors for the insertion of foreign deoxyribonucleic acid sequences into the avian germ line. | because the available avian leukosis viral (alv) vectors are moderately oncogenic in vivo, they are not suitable for insertion into the germ line. a significant reduction in the oncogenicity of the alv vectors can be achieved by substituting the noncoding long terminal repeats (ltr) regions of the alv virus with the ltr of the nononcogenic endogenous rav-o virus. there is good evidence that the resulting rav-o ltr vectors can be inserted into the germ line of domestic chickens and have the poten ... | 1986 | 3035527 |
| 5' long terminal repeats of myc-associated proviruses appear structurally intact but are functionally impaired in tumors induced by avian leukosis viruses. | b-cell lymphomas induced in chickens infected with avian leukosis viruses are characterized by integration of the virus within the cellular myc locus and alteration of c-myc expression. although avian leukosis viruses are intact, replication-competent retroviruses, the structures of many myc-associated proviruses are altered by deletions, raising the possibility that proviral defectiveness plays an essential role in oncogenesis. we found that all myc-associated proviruses in 21 independent tumor ... | 1987 | 3037111 |
| genetic cellular resistance to subgroup e avian leukosis virus in slow-feathering dams reduces congenital transmission of an endogenous retrovirus encoded at locus ev21. | the gene ev21, which encodes an infectious endogenous subgroup e avian leukosis virus (alv-e), designated ev21, is closely linked to the sex-linked, slow-feathering (sf) gene k. to address the relationship between congenital transmission of ev21 and host susceptibility to alv-e infection, sf roosters that were heterozygous for the dominant gene for susceptibility to alv-e were mated with ev-negative rapid-feathering (rf), subgroup e-resistant dams to produce sf and rf progeny. the sf female prog ... | 1988 | 3241774 |
| targeting of chemical mutagens to differentiating b-lymphocytes in vivo: detection by direct dna labeling and sister chromatid exchange induction. | in vivo systems for analyzing mutagen interactions with a specific differentiating cell population are rare. taking advantage of the unique anatomical features of the bursa of fabricius in the chicken, we explored the possibility of targeting chemical mutagens to a defined differentiating cell population in the animal, namely, the b-lymphocytes series. such cells are known to be the targets for the oncogene-activating avian leukosis virus. targeting of chemicals to cells of the bursa was demonst ... | 1987 | 3492371 |
| analysis of structural polypeptides of the lymphoproliferative disease virus (lpdv) of turkeys. | the polypeptide composition of the lymphoproliferative disease virus (lpdv) of turkeys was shown to comprise several polypeptides with apparent molecular weights of 76, 31, 28, 20 and 15 kda. this polypeptide pattern is distinctly different from the protein profiles of avian leukosis viruses, reticuloendotheliosis virus, or murine leukemia viruses. moreover, lpd virions contain 2 major structural proteins (p31 and p28), in contrast to only one major internal protein present in most other retrovi ... | 1986 | 3510987 |
| the monkey safety test for neurovirulence of yellow fever vaccines: the utility of quantitative clinical evaluation and histological examination. | two different derivatives of the 17d strain of yellow fever (yf) vaccine virus, i.e. alv-free seed virus 6676 and three consecutive vaccine lots, a, b and c, obtained from another seed, were compared in monkey neurovirulence tests using rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys. in addition the alv-contaminated seed lot ab 237 was safety tested in rhesus monkeys. according to who clinical criteria for acceptability, lots a, b, c and lot ab 237 consistently passed, while lot 6676 passed some tests and failed ... | 1987 | 3680299 |
| unique sequence, ski, in sloan-kettering avian retroviruses with properties of a new cell-derived oncogene. | the sloan-kettering viruses (skvs) are a group of transforming retroviruses that were isolated from chicken embryo cells which had been infected with the avian leukosis virus transformation-defective bratislava 77 (tdb77). each of the skv isolates was shown to contain multiple genomes of different sizes indicating the presence of several viruses in addition to tdb77. to identify and characterize the putative transforming gene(s) of the skvs, we used hybridization selection to isolate the fractio ... | 1986 | 3754014 |
| absence of influence on immune competence by the sex-linked gene (k) determining slow feathering in white leghorn chickens. | males of white leghorn strain crosses heterozygous (kk) for the sex-linked feathering locus genes were mated to rapid-feathering (k-) females to produce rapid- and slow-feathering chicks of both sexes. k did not influence humoral-mediated immunity against challenge with sheep erythrocytes, killed brucella abortus, or killed infectious bursal disease virus. chicks challenged at 3 weeks of age had higher primary responses and higher titers of 2-mercaptoethanol-resistant antibody (igg) than those c ... | 1986 | 3814012 |
| augmented expression of normal c-myc is sufficient for cotransformation of rat embryo cells with a mutant ras gene. | we studied the effect of altered c-myc structure and expression upon the ability of c-myc to promote the transformation of normal rat embryo cells when it was supplemented by ejras (the mutant c-h-ras1 gene from ej/t24 bladder carcinoma cells). we tested several c-myc alleles cloned from normal and tumor tissues of chicken and human origin and found that only ll4myc (derived from a bursal lymphoma in which an avian leukosis virus long terminal repeat resides within the first c-myc intron in the ... | 1985 | 3837844 |
| transcription of three c-myc exons is enhanced in chicken bursal lymphoma cell lines. | the chicken c-myc gene, as defined by its homology to the v-myc gene of mc29 virus, is comprised of two exons. using the techniques of runoff transcription, primer extension, and s1 nuclease protection, we demonstrate that there is a third c-myc exon of approximately equal to 345 base pairs (bp) located 0.7 kbp upstream of the 5' end of the v-myc homology. this first exon is transcribed and present in myc mrna in normal chicken cells. we also examined rna from five cell lines derived from avian ... | 1985 | 3855549 |
| field trials to test the efficacy of polyvalent marek's disease vaccines in layer and broiler breeder chickens. | as a follow-up to earlier trials to evaluate the efficacy of polyvalent marek's disease (md) vaccines in broilers, four trials were conducted with layer or broiler breeder flocks. chickens caccinated with trivalent (md11/75c plus sb-1 plus hvt) and bivalent (sb-1 plus hvt) vaccines were compared with those vaccinated with turkey herpesvirus (hvt) alone. data from three of the four trials indicated polyvalent vaccines were more efficacious than hvt. however, critical interpretations were confound ... | 1985 | 3912753 |
| singularity of oncogenic activity of strain mc29 avian leukosis viruses. | | 1970 | 4103361 |
| application of immunohistochemistry to study of avian leukosis virus. | | 1972 | 4113728 |
| immunohistochemical demonstration of avian leukosis virus antigens in paraffin embedded tissue. | | 1973 | 4121079 |
| rescue of chemically inactivated rous sarcoma virus transforming activity by avian leukosis virus. | | 1973 | 4123221 |
| host gene control of endogenous avian leukosis virus production. | | 1974 | 4131951 |
| component of strain mc29 avian leukosis virus with the property of defectiveness. | three clones of morphologically altered cells (l(-)mc29) of singular properties were isolated from mc29 (subgroup a) leukosis virus-infected chick embryo cells. supernatant fluids from cultures of the cloned cells produced no transforming or interfering activity on chick embryo cells susceptible to known avian leukosis-sarcoma viruses. no virus associated with the cells was demonstrable by fluorescent-antibody staining or by electron microscopy. all l(-)mc29 clone cells were activated, however, ... | 1971 | 4135171 |
| radioimmunoassay of the group-specific antigen in detection of avian leukosis virus infection. | | 1974 | 4140890 |
| structure and specific antigens of avian leukosis viruses. | | 1970 | 4142385 |
| ultrastructure of the surfaces of cells infected with avian leukosis-sarcoma viruses. | when stained with ruthenium red (rr), chick embryo cells infected with various strains of rous sarcoma virus (rsv) and with avian leukosis viruses rav-1 and rav-3 showed an increase in the layer of acid mucopolysaccharides (amps) at their surfaces as compared with uninfected cells. this increase was most prominent in cells infected with the fujinami strain of rsv. the layer was resistant to digestion with neuraminidase or trypsin but was readily removed by exposure to hyaluronidase. the thicknes ... | 1968 | 4177656 |
| reaction of chick embryo cells infected with leukosis strain mc29 virus with fluorescein-labeled antibody. | immune serum was prepared in the rabbit with bai strain a leukosis virus isolated by centrifugal fractionation from the plasma of chickens with myeloblastic leukemia and further purified on a potassium tartrate gradient. antibody to group-specific antigen was demonstrated in the serum by immunoelectrophoresis and immunodiffusion. fluorescein-conjugated serum was used unabsorbed and absorbed with chick cells for study of acetone-fixed chick embryo cells uninfected or infected with strain mc29 avi ... | 1969 | 4186277 |
| studies on the rif test for the detection of an avian leukosis virus. | | 1965 | 4285411 |
| contamination of egg-adapted canine distemper vaccine by avian leukosis virus. | | 1966 | 4285488 |
| lack of relationship between infection with avian leukosis virus and the presence of cofal antigen in chick embryos. | | 1966 | 4287696 |
| the mechanism of interference between an avian leukosis virus and rous sarcoma virus. i. establishment of interference. | | 1966 | 4287698 |
| the mechanism of interference between an avian leukosis virus and rous sarcoma virus. ii. early steps of infection by rsv of cells under conditions of interference. | | 1966 | 4287699 |
| mechanisms for congenital transmission of avian leukosis virus. | | 1966 | 4289071 |
| sites of avian leukosis virus multiplication in congenitally infected chickens. | | 1967 | 4289506 |
| characterization of an avian leukosis virus isolate. | | 1966 | 4290070 |
| strain mc29 avian leukosis virus. myelocytoma, endothelioma, and renal growths: pathomorphological and ultrastructural aspects. | | 1967 | 4290185 |
| serologic survey of man for avian leukosis virus infection. | | 1967 | 4290228 |
| isolation of an avian leukosis virus associated with the harris strain of rous sarcoma virus. | | 1967 | 4293236 |
| group-specific antigen of avian leukosis viruses. virus specificity and relation to an antigen contained in rous mammalian tumor cells. | | 1967 | 4294114 |
| influence of host genotype on responses to four strains of avian leukosis virus. | | 1968 | 4296758 |
| yellow fever vaccine. i. development of a vaccine seed free from contaminating avian leukosis viruses. | | 1968 | 4297696 |
| multiplication of avian leukosis virus in the reproductive system of the rooster. | | 1968 | 4299539 |
| the influence of antibodies in vivo and in vitro on cellular and cell-free preparations of atype 3 avian leukosis virus. | | 1968 | 4300003 |
| [relations between rous sarcoma virus and avian leukosis virus]. | | 1968 | 4300994 |
| in vitro chick embryo cell response to strain mc29 avian leukosis virus. | strain mc29 avian leukosis (myelocytomatosis) virus induced infection, elaboration of virus, and morphological alteration in chick embryo cells in vitro. virus liberation began within 18 hr, morphological change was detectable at about 40 hr, and the cultures could be completely altered within 80 hr after infection. altered cells were about half the volume and grew at approximately twice the rate of uninfected elements. the output of virus estimated by electron microscopy was about 140 particles ... | 1968 | 4301506 |
| strain mc29 avian leukosis virus: immunologic relationships to other avian tumor viruses. | | 1968 | 4302182 |
| multiplication of avian leukosis virus in endocrine organs of congenitally infected chickens. | | 1969 | 4303829 |
| a search for avian leukosis virus and antiviral activity in the blood of leukemic and nonleukemic adults and children. | | 1969 | 4303831 |
| ultrastructure of chick embryo cells altered by strain mc29 avian leukosis virus. | | 1969 | 4303869 |
| mixed hemadsorption technique for study of avian leukosis-sarcoma viruses: studies with avian leukosis viruses. | | 1969 | 4305392 |
| strain mc29 avian leukosis virus release by chick embryo cells infected with the agent. | | 1969 | 4306048 |
| density of bai strain a avian leukosis virus-antibody complexes relative to antigen-antibody ratio. | | 1969 | 4306071 |
| yellow fever vaccine. ii. antigenicity and neurovirulence of a vaccine seed free from avian leukosis virus. | avian leukosis virus (alv)-free candidate primary and secondary seed lots were indistinguishable from corresponding alv-contaminated lots with respect to (i) potency as measured by titration in newborn and weanling mice and in the ma-104 plaque system, (ii) degree of viscerotropism as measured by viremia in monkeys, (iii) neurotropism as determined by the monkey neurovirulence test, and (iv) potency as determined by antibody response in monkeys inoculated by the intracerebral route. | 1969 | 4307883 |
| influence of toyocamycin on rna synthesis in chick embryo cells noninfected and infected with strain mc29 avian leukosis virus. | | 1969 | 4309795 |
| induction of transplantation resistance to rous sarcoma isograft by avian leukosis virus. | | 1969 | 4311545 |
| response of bone marrow to mc29 avian leukosis virus in vitro. | | 1969 | 4311564 |
| [dynamics of virus accumulation and electron microscopic demonstration of virus particles in cultures infected with avian leukosis virus]. | | 1969 | 4312836 |
| testing of vaccines for avian leukosis viruses. | | 1969 | 4314427 |
| massive direct conversion of chick embryo cells by strain mc29 avian leukosis virus. | | 1967 | 4316233 |
| mesotheliomas of peritoneum, epicardium, and pericardium induced by strain mc29 avian leukosis virus. | | 1970 | 4316726 |
| a cell-associated factor essential for formation of an infectious form of rous sarcoma virus. | formation of a specific type of infectious rous sarcoma virus called rsv(0) has been found to occur only in a certain type of chick embryo cell in the absence of avian leukosis virus. although these chick cells lack any complete form of avian leukovirus, they appear to carry a genetic factor essential for formation of infectious rsv(0). a factor-deficient cell can be converted to a producer of infectious rsv(0) by infection with rous sarcoma virus or avian leukosis virus which has been grown in ... | 1970 | 4317912 |
| testing vaccines by the complement fixation test for avian leukosis virus using a short cell culture passage interval. | | 1970 | 4318520 |
| differences between the ribonucleic acids of transforming and nontransforming avian tumor viruses. | the 60-70s rnas of several transforming and nontransforming avian tumor viruses have different electrophoretic mobilities. the rna of transforming viruses contains two electrophoretically separable subunit classes: a and b. the relative concentrations of these subunits vary with the virus strain. avian leukosis viruses and nontransforming derivatives of a sarcoma virus lack subunits of class a. it is suggested that the presence of the class a subunit is related to the transforming ability for fi ... | 1970 | 4321342 |
| recovery of a new virus from apparently normal chick cells by infection with avian tumor viruses. | cells derived from the majority of chick embryos, although free of presently known avian tumor virus particles, appear to contain genetic materials similar to those found in this virus group. after infection of these cells with avian leukosis or rous sarcoma virus, the genetic factor was recovered by incorporation into mature infectious virus. the newly isolated virus (rav-60) did not require the assistance of another virus for its replication. the virus had most of the attributes of an rna-cont ... | 1970 | 4321346 |
| the n-terminal amino acid sequence of two avian leukosis group specific antigens. | two group-specific antigenic proteins from an avian leukosis virus have been compared by amino acid analysis, tryptic peptide fingerprinting, and n-terminal sequence determination, and found to be dissimilar. there was microheterogeneity in the structure of the protein gs-b at residues 6; threonine and glutamic acid were found. | 1970 | 4321347 |
| immunologic reactivity to viral antigens in chickens infected with avian leukosis viruses. | | 1971 | 4324810 |
| detection of avian leukosis viruses in chickens by an in vivo rous sarcoma virus genome rescue test. | | 1971 | 4325822 |
| search for group-specific antibodies of avian leukosis virus in human leukemic sera. | | 1971 | 4325939 |
| ribosomal rna in avian leukosis virus particles. | | 1971 | 4326992 |
| isolation of a non-focus-forming agent from strain mc29 avian leukosis virus. | | 1971 | 4327084 |
| the presence of avian leukosis virus group-specific antibodies in chicken sera. | | 1971 | 4329589 |
| yellow fever vaccine. iv. reactogenicity and antibody response in volunteers inoculated with a vaccine free from contaminating avian leukosis viruses. | | 1972 | 4333781 |
| widespread presence, in chickens, of dna complementary to the rna genome of avian leukosis viruses. | dna-rna hybridization experiments have demonstrated the widespread presence in chickens of dna complementary to the rna of avian myeloblastosis virus. all apparently normal chicken embryos, or adult chickens that were tested, contained viral dna in amounts ranging from 1.7 to 4.6 viral genome equivalents per cell. embryos that were negative or positive for the group-specific antigen of avian leukosis viruses contained the same amount of viral dna. embryos from a strain of chickens free of leukos ... | 1972 | 4335067 |
| detection and assay of avian tumor virus group-specific antigen and antibody by the paired radioiodine-labeled antibody technique. | the paired radioiodine-labeled antibody technique (prilat) was applied to the detection and quantitation of avian tumor virus group-specific (gs) antigens and antibody. the technique proved to be specific, repeatable, and appreciably more sensitive than the microcomplement-fixation test for avian leukosis (cofal). the prilat facilitated direct measurement of comparative antigen content of several types of transformed, neoplastic, or virus-infected cells and the magnitude of nonspecific antibody ... | 1972 | 4335519 |
| plaque assay for some strains of avian leukosis virus. | | 1972 | 4335930 |
| yellow fever vaccine. 3. antibody response in monkeys inoculated with a vaccine free from contaminating avian leukosis viruses. | | 1972 | 4337545 |
| endogenous rna-directed dna polymerase activity in uninfected chicken embryos. | early chicken embryos that are either positive or negative for group-specific antigens of avian leukosis viruses contained endogenous rna-directed dna polymerase activity. this endogenous dna polymerase activity was not increased after mixture of soluble dna polymerases isolated from chicken embryos with disrupted chicken embryo cells. the endogenous activity was resistant to treatment with deoxyribonuclease, and the initial rate of dna synthesis was partially resistant to actinomycin d. in cont ... | 1972 | 4338597 |
| cell cycle-dependent activation of rous sarcoma virus-infected stationary chicken cells: avian leukosis virus group-specific antigens and ribonucleic acid. | stationary chicken embryo fibroblasts exposed to rous sarcoma virus (rsv) remained stably infected for at least 5 days, but they did not release infectious virus or become transformed until after cell division. these infected stationary cells did not contain avian leukosis virus group-specific antigens or ribonucleic acid (rna) hybridizable to deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) made by the rsv endogenous rna-directed dna polymerase activity. | 1972 | 4339198 |
| yellow fever vaccination, avian leukosis virus, and cancer risk in man. | comparison was made between 2659 veterans who died of cancer, during 1950 to 1954 or 1959 to 1963, and matched controls, based on the frequency of yellow fever immunization during world war ii. the vaccine was produced from chick embryos that almost certainly contained avian leukosis-sarcoma viruses. among the veterans, no relation was found between vaccination and leukemia, lymphoma, or other cancer. | 1972 | 4339427 |