| kinetics of the in vitro antibody response to transmissible gastroenteritis (tge) virus from pig mesenteric lymph node cells, using the elisaspot and elisa tests. | a method is described for in vitro studies of viral humoral immune responses in the pig. after oral immunization with transmissible gastroenteritis (tge) coronavirus, antibody production from primed mesenteric lymph node cells was revealed by an in vitro boost with viral antigen. for the latter the leukocytes were co-cultured with uv-inactivated virus using a variety of different methods of antigenic stimulation. enumeration of specific antibody-secreting cells (asc) and titration of secreted an ... | 1990 | 2167914 |
| appearance of ph-dependent cell fusions by transmissible gastroenteritis (tge) virus. | | 1990 | 2167999 |
| sows infected in pregnancy with porcine respiratory coronavirus show no evidence of protecting their sucking piglets against transmissible gastroenteritis. | eighteen litters of sucking piglets were challenged with one of two strains of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev). during pregnancy, their seronegative dams had been either inoculated intranasally with porcine respiratory coronavirus (prcv), inoculated orally with tgev or left untreated. on the basis of weight gain, clinical signs and survival, no differences in response to challenge was detected when piglets suckled by prcv inoculated sows were compared with those suckled by uninoculate ... | 1990 | 2168106 |
| genetic basis for the pathogenesis of transmissible gastroenteritis virus. | intracellular rnas of an avirulent small-plaque (sp) transmissible gastroenteritis virus variant and the parent virulent miller strain of transmissible gastroenteritis virus were compared. northern rna blotting showed that the miller strain contained eight intracellular rna species. rnas 1, 2(s), 5, 6(m), 7(n), and 8 were similar in size for both viruses; however, the sp variant lacked subgenomic rnas 3 and 4. instead, the sp virus contained an altered rna species (delta 4) that was slightly sma ... | 1990 | 2168963 |
| molecular biology of transmissible gastroenteritis virus. | the causative agent (tgev) of porcine transmissible gastroenteritis belongs to the coronaviridae, a family of enveloped viruses with a positive, single-stranded rna genome. important progress has recently been made concerning the molecular biology of tgev. the research work of our group has been focused on two main aspects: genome structure and functional domains of the envelope proteins. tgev genomic rna is organised into seven regions. the sequence of six of them, i.e. the 3' most 8300 nucleot ... | 1990 | 2169670 |
| intestinal replication of a porcine respiratory coronavirus closely related antigenically to the enteric transmissible gastroenteritis virus. | one-week-old piglets were inoculated with the porcine respiratory coronavirus (prcv) either intravenously or directly into the lumen of the gastrointestinal tract. both inoculation routes resulted in the isolation of virus from the caudal small intestine. viral replication, however, was only observed upon inoculation into the digestive tract in quantities of greater than or equal to 10(3) tcid50. replication remained limited to a few unidentified cells located in or underneath the epithelial lay ... | 1990 | 2169676 |
| assembly of coronavirus spike protein into trimers and its role in epitope expression. | the folding and oligomerization of coronavirus spike protein were explored using a panel of monoclonal antibodies. chemical cross-linking and sedimentation experiments showed that the spike of transmissible gastroenteritis virus is a homotrimer of the s membrane glycoprotein. the spike protein was synthesized as a 175,000-apparent-molecular-weight (175k) monomer subunit that is sensitive to endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase h. assembly of monomers into a trimeric structure was found to occur on ... | 1990 | 2170676 |
| serotypic differentiation of group a rotaviruses with porcine rotavirus gene 9 probes. | the serotypic specificities of gottfried and osu porcine rotavirus gene 9 probes were investigated in a dot hybridization assay. the probes were reacted with homologous and heterologous serotypes of group a rotaviruses of human and animal origin. hybridizations were conducted under relatively low-stringency (52 degrees c, no formamide, 5 x ssc) and high-stringency (52 degrees c, 50% formamide, formamide, 5 x ssc) conditions (1 x ssc is 0.15 m nacl plus 0.015 m sodium citrate). under conditions o ... | 1990 | 2174902 |
| porcine respiratory coronavirus differs from transmissible gastroenteritis virus by a few genomic deletions. | the genome organization of porcine respiratory coronavirus (prcv), a newly recognized agent which has a close antigenic relationship to the enteropathogenic transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), was studied. genomic rna from cell-cultured prcv (french isolate rm4) was used to produce cdna clones covering the genomic 3' end to the start of the spike (s) glycoprotein gene (7519 nucleotides). six open reading frames (orfs) were identified that allowed the translation of three coronavirus stru ... | 1990 | 2174956 |
| establishment of transformed swine fibroblast cell lines using sv40 large t antigen. | swine testicle cell lines were established by transformation of primary swine testicle (pst) cells with an sv40 plasmid (psv3-neo), which contains genes conferring resistance to neomycin and expressing sv40 large t antigen. plasmid dna was transfected into pst cells using a lipofection system. two related plasmids, psv2-neo and psv5-neo, failed to induce transformed cells. cells transformed with psv3-neo formed single colonies that were resistant to the antibiotic, g418, and expressed large t an ... | 1990 | 2175590 |
| analysis of properties of monoclonal antibodies to transmissible gastroenteritis virus using to-163 strain. | nineteen monoclonal antibodies (mabs), reactive in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), with porcine transmissible gastroenteritis (tge) virus to-163 were obtained. of these mabs, 5 showed neutralizing (nt) activity (x 3,200 to 25,600) against to-163. one of the mabs which had nt activity showed hemagglutination inhibition activity (x 5,120) too. 14 hybridomas of polypeptide specificity against to-163 strain were developed from which 11, 2, and 1 were specific for protein e2, n, and e1, re ... | 1990 | 2176427 |
| nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding the spike glycoprotein of human coronavirus hcv 229e. | the gene encoding the spike glycoprotein of the human coronavirus hcv 229e has been cloned and sequenced. this analysis predicts an s polypeptide of 1173 amino acids with an mr of 128,600. the polypeptide has 30 potential n-glycosylation sites. a number of structural features typical of coronavirus s proteins can be recognized, including a signal sequence, a membrane anchor, heptad repeat structures and a carboxy-terminal cysteine cluster. a detailed, computer-aided comparison with the s protein ... | 1990 | 2345367 |
| antigenic structure of transmissible gastroenteritis virus. i. properties of monoclonal antibodies directed against virion proteins. | thirty-two hybridoma cell lines producing monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against the three major structural proteins of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) have been isolated. radioimmunoprecipitation of intracellular viral polypeptides showed that 17 hybridomas recognized both the peplomer protein [e2, 220 x 10(3) mol. wt. (220k)] and a lower mol. wt. species (e'2, 175k), which was characterized as a precursor of e2. six mabs selectively immunoprecipitated the e'2 protein. four hybridomas ... | 1986 | 2418148 |
| the role of interferon in spontaneous cell-mediated cytotoxicity in pigs. | specific release of 51cr and the production of interferon (ifn) increased in parallel in a spontaneous cell-mediated cytotoxicity (scmc) assay in which uninfected pk-15 cells or pk-15 cells persistently infected with transmissible gastroenteritis virus (pk-15-tge cells) were used as targets, and peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbl) from a young adult pig were used as effector cells. higher levels of both specific 51cr release and ifn were obtained in the assays containing pk-15-tge cells. co-culti ... | 1986 | 2422808 |
| antigenic structure of transmissible gastroenteritis virus. ii. domains in the peplomer glycoprotein. | the antigenic structure of the peplomer glycoprotein e2 of the porcine transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus (tgev) was explored using a panel of 23 hybridoma antibodies (mabs). the topography of the epitopes was established by means of a competition radioimmunoassay. four main antigenic sites, termed a, b, c and d, were thus clearly delineated. most of the neutralization-mediating determinants were found to cluster in the a-b area, which has been shown to be highly conserved among tgev stra ... | 1986 | 2425049 |
| critical epitopes in transmissible gastroenteritis virus neutralization. | purified transmissible gastroenteritis (tge) virus was found to be composed of three major structural proteins having relative molecular weights of 200,000, 48,000, and 28,000. the peplomer glycoprotein was purified by affinity chromatography with the monoclonal antibody (mab) 1d.g3. a collection of 48 mabs against tge virus was developed from which 26, 10, and 3 were specific for proteins e2, n, and e1, respectively. a total of 14 neutralizing mabs of known reactivity were e2 protein specific. ... | 1986 | 2427744 |
| antigenic variation of porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus detected by monoclonal antibodies. | mouse myeloma cells (sp2/o) were fused with spleen cells from balb/c mice immunized with detergent-solubilized antigen of purified virus, and 21 monoclonal (mc) antibodies reactive in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with the to-163 strain of porcine transmissible gastroenteritis (tge) virus were obtained. of these mc antibodies, 14, 6 and 1 were igg1, igg2a and igm, respectively. all of the mc antibodies contained light chains of the kappa type. of these mc antibodies, 8 were found to have neu ... | 1987 | 2444027 |
| critical epitopes in transmissible gastroenteritis virus neutralization. | | 1987 | 2449043 |
| identification of epitopes of immunological importance on the peplomer of porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus. | | 1987 | 2449047 |
| [use of gamma-globulins from the peritoneal fluid of cats with infectious peritonitis for the immunofluorescence demonstration of the tge antigen]. | peritoneal exudate of a cat affected with feline infectious peritonitis (fip) was used to isolate an igg-globulin, employing affinity chromatography, and conjugate it with fluorescein isothiocyanate. the conjugate was tested on cross sections of the small intestine of a pig infected with strain miller-3 of the transmissive gastroenteritis (tge) virus, simultaneously with an anti-tge conjugate of an spf pig. identical results were obtained with both conjugates, however, the anti-fip conjugate had ... | 1987 | 2449762 |
| the effect of interferon induction in parturient sows and newborn piglets on resistance to transmissible gastroenteritis. | high titers of interferon were found in the serum and milk of three sows treated two days after farrowing with polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid complexed with poly-l-lysine and carboxymethylcellulose, but circulating interferon was not found in the piglets suckled by these sows. when two treated sows and their suckling piglets were exposed to infection with transmissible gastroenteritis virus eight hours after treatment, the sows showed no signs of disease, although they developed circulating int ... | 1988 | 2450628 |
| differentiation of porcine coronavirus from transmissible gastroenteritis virus. | | 1988 | 2451340 |
| antigenic structure of the e2 glycoprotein from transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus. | the antigenic structure of transmissible gastroenteritis (tge) virus e2 glycoprotein has been defined at three levels: antigenic sites, antigenic subsites and epitopes. four antigenic sites (a, b, c and d) were defined by competitive radioimmunoassay (ria) using monoclonal antibodies (mabs) selected from 9 fusions. about 20% (197) of the hybridomas specific for tge virus produced neutralizing mabs specific for site a, which was one of the antigenically dominant determinants. site a was different ... | 1988 | 2453977 |
| induction of transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus-neutralizing antibodies in vitro by virus-specific t helper cell hybridomas. | three transmissible gastroenteritis (tge) virus-specific t helper (th) cell hybridomas have been generated from virus-primed balb/c mice, by fusion with the thymoma bw5147. the hybridomas responded to purified u.v.-inactivated tge virus with interleukin production and growth inhibition. tge virus recognition by the hybridomas was restricted by the major histocompatibility complex: only splenocytes from syngeneic or semi-syngeneic mice were able to recognize the antigen. the three hybridomas were ... | 1989 | 2471795 |
| epitope mapping and the detection of transmissible gastroenteritis viral proteins in cell culture using biotinylated monoclonal antibodies in a fixed-cell elisa. | a fixed-cell elisa was developed using swine testicle (st) cells infected with the virulent miller strain of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) and purified biotinylated monoclonal antibodies (b-mabs). five of the b-mabs were specific for the peplomer (e2), five reacted to the nucleocapsid (n), and one reacted to the e 1 protein of the miller strain of tgev. protein a-sepharose purification of mabs yielded protein concentrations ranging from 0.40 to 3 mg per ml of ascites. separate pools ... | 1989 | 2479362 |
| induction of the 2-5a system by interferon and transmissible gastroenteritis virus. | interferon (ifn) treatment increased the level of 2',5'-oligoadenylate (2-5a) synthetase and inhibited replication of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) in cultured swine testicular cells. despite a minimal increase in tgev titer in ifn-treated swine testicular cells, there was rapid cellular destruction. ifn-treated swine testicular cells had detectable levels of 2-5a (3.6 nm 6 h post-infection) after infection with 30 pfu tgev/cell. infection of neonatal pigs with a virulent strain of ... | 1989 | 2481702 |
| the interferon sensitivity of selected porcine viruses. | the objective of this study was to compare the sensitivity of 11 porcine viruses to the antiviral effects of porcine interferon-alpha in serum from piglets which had been infected 19 h previously with transmissible gastroenteritis virus, and of porcine interferon-beta prepared in pk-15 cells by induction with polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid, in yield reduction assays in pig kidney cells which were treated with interferon before virus challenge, and both before and after virus challenge. the most ... | 1989 | 2492445 |
| effect of chlorpromazine on experimental diarrhoea in just-weaned piglets. | in just-weaned piglets (n = 30, 3-4 weeks) diarrhoea (100%) and vomiting (66%) were provoked by inoculation with transmissible gastroenteritis virus and enterotoxigenic e. coli strains (o149: k91: k88ac; lt, sta and stb enterotoxin positive). this combined infection resulted in a mortality of 71% within 7 days. during this period animals revealed a decrease in body weight, in arterial pressure, in leukocyte count, in plasma ph and in plasma lactic acid concentrations, and an increase in heart ra ... | 1989 | 2501952 |
| [the influence of previous infections on the development of experimental swine pleuropneumonia in specific pathogen free pigs]. | this study was designed to determine in six-week old specific pathogen free pigs, the effect of previous experimental exposure to mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and transmissible gastroenteritis virus on a challenge infection with actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. pigs exposed simultaneously to m. hyopneumoniae and transmissible gastroenteritis virus appeared more resistant to challenge (one week later) with a. pleuropneumoniae. four pigs out of a group of ten died following the challenge infection, co ... | 1989 | 2531628 |
| intestinal permeability to polyethylene glycol 4000 and porcine albumin in piglets infected with transmissible gastroenteritis virus. | the intestinal permeability of specific pathogen free piglets has been studied by measuring the concentration of 14c in the blood after oral administration of 14c polyethylene glycol (14c peg, mw = 4000) and the concentration of 131i in the faeces after intraperitoneal administration of 131i porcine albumin (131i pa, mw = 68,000). the tests were performed one day before and up to two days after the piglets were infected with transmissible gastroenteritis (tge) virus. jejunal biopsies were taken ... | 1989 | 2534334 |
| isolation of a tge virus-related respiratory coronavirus causing fatal pneumonia in pigs. | | 1989 | 2536975 |
| clinical evaluation of transmissible gastroenteritis virus vaccines and vaccination procedures for inducing lactogenic immunity in sows. | two federally licensed attenuated live transmissible gastroenteritis (tge) virus vaccines (an im vaccine and an oral-im vaccine) and 1 nonlicensed nonattenuated live tge virus vaccine were evaluated and compared in sows free of tge virus-neutralizing antibodies. litters from the sows were challenge exposed at 3 and 5 days of age, and results were combined according to the vaccine administered to the sows. the survivability of pigs suckling sows vaccinated with the nonattenuated vaccine was signi ... | 1989 | 2537590 |
| relationship among transmissible gastroenteritis virus antibody titers in serum, colostrum, and milk from vaccinated sows, and protection in their suckling pigs. | we studied the antibody responses to transmissible gastroenteritis (tge) in serum, colostrum, and milk from sows vaccinated with 2 attenuated (1 im and 1 oral-im) and 1 nonattenuated live vaccines and the relationship of these responses with the survivability of the sow's suckling pigs after challenge exposure with virulent tge virus. contrary to previous studies, the anti-tge virus-neutralizing geometric mean titers (gmt) in the milk of sows vaccinated with attenuated vaccines at 3 and 5 days o ... | 1989 | 2537591 |
| predict7, a program for protein structure prediction. | we describe a program for protein sequence analysis which runs in ibm pc computers. protein sequences are loaded from files in mount-conrad and lipman-pearson format. seven features are analyzed: hydrophilicity, hydropathy, surface probability, side chain flexibility, antigenicity, secondary structure and n-glycosylation sites. numeric results can be shown, printed or stored in files exportable to other programs. graphics of up to four predictions can be displayed on the screen, printed out or p ... | 1989 | 2539121 |
| detection of turkey enteric coronavirus by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and differentiation from other coronaviruses. | a double-antibody elisa for the detection of coronaviruses in intestinal contents from turkey poults with diarrhea was developed. antibodies were raised in rabbits and guinea pigs against a minnesota isolate of turkey enteric coronavirus (tcv) propagated in embryonating turkey eggs and were purified by density-gradient centrifugation. the specificity of antisera was confirmed by hemagglutination-inhibition and immunoelectron microscopy. absorption of anti-tcv hyperimmune sera with egg extracts o ... | 1989 | 2541641 |
| comparison of ascites production for monoclonal antibodies in balb/c and balb/c-derived cross-bred mice. | balb/c male mice were mated with either swiss-webster or mf1 females to produce first generation cross-bred offspring. hybridoma cell lines, from the fusion of p3-ns1-ag4/1 myeloma cells with spleen cells sensitised to the porcine coronavirus causing transmissible gastroenteritis, were injected intraperitoneally into these mice to produce ascitic fluid containing monoclonal antibodies. mice of 11 weeks of age weighing between 26 and 34 g were used. the volume of ascites produced by mice injected ... | 1989 | 2542413 |
| [thymus-dependent nature of the antigens of enteropathogenic viruses]. | the nature of antigens in enteropathogenic animal viruses--coronavirus--an agent of transmissive gastroenteritis of pigs (tge) and pig enterovirus of serotype vi was studied. basing on the results of the histomorphometric study of the white spleen pulp under the individual introduction of viruses and in combination with the lymphoid chalone it was established that the developing immune response has a thymus-dependent induction mechanism. the pharmacological stimulation of the t-system of animals ... | 1989 | 2542735 |
| [suspension culturing of swine transmissible gastroenteritis virus]. | | 1989 | 2543136 |
| lesions of transmissible gastroenteritis virus infection in experimentally inoculated pigs suckling immunized sows. | intestinal lesions of transmissible gastroenteritis (tge) virus infection in conventionally reared pigs suckling either nonvaccinated, vaccinated, or previously infected sows were studied by scanning electron microscopy, light microscopy, and immunofluorescent microscopy for tge viral antigen. pigs were inoculated with virulent tge virus when they were 5 or 21 days old and were euthanatized shortly after the onset of diarrhea or 96 hours after inoculation if no diarrhea developed. pigs inoculate ... | 1989 | 2543242 |
| coronavirus subgenomic minus-strand rnas and the potential for mrna replicons. | the genome of the porcine transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus is a plus-strand, polyadenylylated, infectious rna molecule of approximately 20 kilobases. during virus replication, seven subgenomic mrnas are generated by what is thought to be a leader-priming mechanism to form a 3'-coterminal nested set. by using radiolabeled, strand-specific, synthetic oligodeoxynucleotide probes in rna blot hybridization analyses, we have found a minus-strand counterpart for the genome and for each subgeno ... | 1989 | 2546161 |
| sequence of the coding regions from the 3.0 kb and 3.9 kb mrna. subgenomic species from a virulent isolate of transmissible gastroenteritis virus. | subgenomic mrna from a virulent isolate of porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) was used to produce cdna clones covering the genome region from the 3' end of the peplomer gene to the start of the integral membrane protein gene. the nucleotide sequence of this area was determined using clone ptg11 and a previously reported cdna clone ptg22. three open reading frames (orfs) were identified encoding putative polypeptides of relative molecular masses (mr) 6,600, 27,600, and 9,200. the ... | 1989 | 2546515 |
| a competitive inhibition elisa for the differentiation of serum antibodies from pigs infected with transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) or with the tgev-related porcine respiratory coronavirus. | a competitive inhibition elisa was developed to detect non-neutralizing antibodies to the peplomer protein of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) in porcine sera using a monoclonal antibody as an indicator. it was demonstrated that field strains of the tgev-related porcine respiratory coronavirus (prcv) did not induce this antibody, whereas the miller strain and field strains of tgev did. the sensitivity of the competitive inhibition elisa appeared to be similar to that of the virus neutr ... | 1989 | 2548322 |
| nucleotide sequence between the peplomer and matrix protein genes of the porcine transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus identifies three large open reading frames. | | 1989 | 2548340 |
| isolation of peplomer glycoprotein e2 of transmissible gastroenteritis virus and application in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) based on peplomer glycoprotein e2 was developed for the detection of antibodies to transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev). purified preparations of e2 were isolated by solubilization of the viral membrane with nonion detergent nonidet p-40, followed by sucrose density gradient sedimentation. elisa optical density values with e2 antigen significantly exceeded the indices when other tgev protein or intact virion antigen was used. it was shown that a ... | 1989 | 2549096 |
| pathogenicity of experimental infection with 'pneumotropic' porcine coronavirus. | virus localisation and lesions were studied in 14-one-week-old piglets following combined intranasal-oral inoculation with a british isolate of 'pneumotropic' porcine coronavirus (pcv) and were compared with the effects of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) infection in five piglets. unlike tgev-infected piglets, all pcv-inoculated piglets remained clinically healthy. seroconversion was detected at seven days after inoculation. mild bronchointerstitial pneumonia involving terminal airway ... | 1989 | 2549594 |
| infection with porcine respiratory coronavirus does not fully protect pigs against intestinal transmissible gastroenteritis virus. | eight nine-week-old specific-pathogen-free pigs which had been infected with the transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev)-related porcine respiratory coronavirus (prcv) and four uninfected littermates were challenged with tgev. the previous prcv infection failed to protect them against the enteric tgev infection. virus excretion in faeces was detected by an elisa in all the pigs for three to six consecutive days after inoculation. although little diarrhoea was observed, the infection extended ... | 1989 | 2549676 |
| quantitation, biological and physicochemical properties of cell culture-adapted porcine epidemic diarrhea coronavirus (pedv). | the porcine epidemic coronavirus (pedv), tentatively classified as a coronavirus, was adapted to vero cells and a plaque test developed for infectivity titration, allowing us to test the biological and biophysical properties of the virus. growth kinetics showed peak titers of 10(5.5) plaque-forming units ml-1 15 h after infection. filtration experiments and electron microscopy revealed a particle diameter between 100 and 200 nm. the buoyant density of the virus was 1.18. the particle lost its in ... | 1989 | 2549681 |
| nucleotide sequence of coronavirus tgev genomic rna: evidence for 3 mrna species between the peplomer and matrix protein genes. | the region of the tgev genome between the e1-matrix protein gene and the e2-peplomer protein gene has been sequenced from a cdna clone. the consensus recognition sequence, 5'ttaa ctaaac was found upstream from 3 large open reading frames. in coronaviruses these homologous recognition sequences are involved in the initiation of transcription suggesting that there are 3 mrna species in this region of the tgev genome. northern blot analysis and nuclease s1 mapping confirmed the presence of 3 mrna s ... | 1989 | 2549745 |
| induction of neutralizing antibodies to transmissible gastroenteritis virus by anti-idiotypic antibodies. | the potential of anti-idiotypic antibodies (anti-ids) as immunogens against transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) was tested in a heterologous system. a month-old pig was immunized with a neutralizing murine monoclonal antibody (mab, 5a5) of the igg2a isotype, specific for the e2 glycoprotein of tgev. the anti-ids were isolated from the serum of the immunized pig by affinity chromatography, initially on a 5a5-sepharose column, followed by repeated adsorption on a mouse igg2a column. the swi ... | 1989 | 2550023 |
| the polypeptide of mr 14,000 of porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus: gene assignment and intracellular location. | synthetic oligopeptides, corresponding to an amino acid sequence encoded by a potential mr 9000 product's open reading frame (orf-4) at the 3' terminus of the transmissible gastroenteritis virus genome, were used to generate rabbit antiserum. these antibodies produced immune complexes with an mr 14,000 (14k) polypeptide in infected cells. the 14k product was shown by immune fluorescence to become associated with the cell nucleus, correlating with the onset of nuclear vacuolation, and suggesting ... | 1989 | 2550577 |
| [subunit components of transmissive gastroenteritis virus of swine: preparing purified substances and assessing antigenic properties]. | two different methods were used to prepare subunit components of transmissible gastroenteritis (tge) virus. the ultrastructure of the peplomer glycoprotein e2 of tge virus was studied. the presence of detergent np-40 was shown to prevent the formation of this glycoprotein aggregates. in dialysed preparations, the peplomers are aggregated to form multimer structures, the so-called "rosettes". the orientation of the peplomers in the "rosettes" and in the whole virion was identical. the antigenic a ... | 1989 | 2552685 |
| [retinoic acid modification of cell culture used for reproduction of enteropathogenic viruses]. | the 0.001-0.005% retinoic acid injection into the growth cultural medium of prime and continue cell cultures 12-24h before inoculation considerably raised the cell sensitivity to animal entero- and coronaviruses. the entero- and coronaviruses concentrations in cultural medium increased by 10(1.58) and 10(1.68)tcid 50/1.0 respectively. the optimized parameters of the cell culture processing for the enteropathogenic viruses reproduction improvement are proposed. | 1989 | 2553149 |
| [in vitro humoral response against the transmissible gastroenteritis virus: presentation of the antigen by the epithelial cells of the intestine]. | | 1989 | 2554778 |
| general characteristics and viral susceptibility of a newborn pig kidney (npk) continuous culture. | we have developed a fibroblastic-like continuous culture of newborn pig kidney (npk). the current cell line was serially passaged 160 times and appeared to be well suited for production and assay of a number of viruses affecting pigs, such as pig parvovirus, pseudorabies and transmissible gastroenteritis. the cell line appeared aneuploid, with a modal chromosome number of 36 and induced tumors, classified as fibrosarcoma, in athymic mice. | 1989 | 2555655 |
| rapid diagnosis of tgev-like coronavirus in fattened pigs by indirect immunofluorescence labelling in nasal cells. | diagnosis of tgev-like coronavirus was made by an immunofluorescence technique using monoclonal antibodies directed against tgev. six, 15 weeks-old pigs were inoculated intratracheally with the strain p 6008 st 4. no clinical sign was observed during the course of the infection. viral antigens were detected in the cytoplasm of nasal cells obtained from swab in five animals as early as one day p.i. and during several days. the sensitivity and specificity of this method appeared to be comparable t ... | 1989 | 2556870 |
| diagnosis of porcine and bovine enteric coronavirus infections using cloned cdna probes. | molecular clones representing the first 2,000 bases from the 3' end of the porcine transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus genome and the first 2,160 bases from the 3' end of the bovine enteric coronavirus genome were used in dot blot hybridization assays to detect viral rna from cell culture and from fecal specimens. in each case, the cloned dna represents approximately 10% of the genome. the cloned sequence for each virus encompasses the 3' noncoding region, the nucleocapsid protein gene, an ... | 1987 | 2821059 |
| [etiological study of viral gastroenteritis in swine]. | studied were the etiology and spread of nonbacterial gastroenteritis in pigs over a period of five years. ascertained were cases of diarrhea caused by the virus of transmissive gastroenteritis, epizootic diarrhea, and rotaviruses. the transmissive gastroenteritis virus was found in 14.1 per cent of the investigated material, mostly in the winter months (67.8 per cent), which was 65.6 per cent of the positive cases. the number of cases and that of the farms involved abruptly rose in the last two ... | 1987 | 2823451 |
| induction of alpha interferon by transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus: role of transmembrane glycoprotein e1. | epithelial cells infected with the coronavirus transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) and fixed by glutaraldehyde induced a high alpha interferon (ifn-alpha) production in nonimmune porcine as well as human or bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc). ifn-alpha was detected as early as 3 h after exposure of pbmc to infected cells and at producer/inducer cell ratios as low as 1/1. two of four monoclonal antibodies directed against the viral transmembrane glycoprotein e1 could block th ... | 1988 | 2824858 |
| transmissible gastroenteritis (tge) of swine: in vitro virus attachment and effects of polyanions and polycations. | four transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) strains (purdue-115, d-52, 188-sg and gep-ii) and two cell lines (swine testis-st and pig kidney-rpd) were used to study virus attachment and cell susceptibility. virus attachment was partially thermodependent and the rate varied, depending on the strain. identical tgev inocula produced a higher plaque number by plaque assay in the swine testis cell line (st) than in the pig kidney cell line (rpd) but [3h]uridine-labelled virus was found associated ... | 1987 | 2825398 |
| enteric coronavirus tgev: partial sequence of the genomic rna, its organization and expression. | the sequence of the 3'-most 8300 nucleotides of the genome rna of the purdue-115 strain of the transmissible gastroenteritis virus tgev, a porcine coronavirus, was determined from cdna clones. the available sequence corresponds to the part of the genome (total length greater than 20 kb) expressed through subgenomic mrnas. the 5 subgenomic and the genomic rna species detected in tgev-infected cells form a 3'-coterminal 'nested' structure, a unique feature of coronaviridae. the transcription initi ... | 1987 | 2825819 |
| antibody isotypes against the surface glycoproteins of porcine coronavirus in the milk of orally infected sows. | | 1987 | 2827440 |
| [influence of concanavalin a on the attachment of the coronavirus of transmissible gastroenteritis in cell cultures]. | effect of concanavalin (cona) on attachment of three strains of transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus (tge) of swine was investigated in cell culture. whatever the virus strain, reduction of virus plaques number is observed when viral suspension is incubated with cells together or after addition of cona. intensity of inhibition is related with cona concentration. cona treatment of preinfected cell cultures has no effect on plaque formation. addition of alpha-methyl-d-mannoside inhibits the c ... | 1987 | 2827559 |
| [use of the reverse passive hemagglutination reaction for the laboratory diagnosis of transmissible gastroenteritis of swine]. | | 1987 | 2829444 |
| the nucleotide sequence of the peplomer gene of porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev): comparison with the sequence of the peplomer protein of feline infectious peritonitis virus (fipv). | the amino acid sequence of the peplomer protein of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) has been derived from the cloned cdna sequence. the gene encodes a protein of 1447 amino acids with a molecular weight of 159 574. comparison with the primary structure of the peplomer protein of feline infectious peritonitis virus (fipv) (de groot et al., 1987b) revealed one domain, from amino acids 1 to 274, in which the nucleotide homology was 39%, whereas in the second domain (from residues 275 to 1 ... | 1987 | 2829461 |
| surface glycoproteins of transmissible gastroenteritis virus: functions and gene sequence. | | 1987 | 2829519 |
| nucleotide sequence of the porcine transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus matrix protein gene. | cdna clones mapping within the first 2601 bases of the 3' end of the tgev genome were sequenced completely or in part by the method of maxam and gilbert and open reading frames were examined. one reading frame yielding a protein having properties of the matrix (m) protein was identified. it is positioned at the immediate 5' side of the nucleocapsid (n) gene but is separated by an intergenic region of 12 bases. the deduced m protein is comprised of 262 amino acids, has a molecular weight of 29,54 ... | 1987 | 2829520 |
| antibody response in swine to individual transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) proteins. | | 1987 | 2829564 |
| complement-dependent neutralization of transmissible gastroenteritis virus by monoclonal antibodies. | monoclonal antibodies (mab) to each of the 3 major structural proteins of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) of swine were compared as to their virus neutralizing activity in the presence or absence of guinea pig complement. mabs to the peplomer protein had neutralizing activity for tgev with or without complement and the titers were similar in either case. mabs to the matrix protein had neutralizing activity for tgev only in the presence of complement. antibodies to the nucleocapsid pro ... | 1987 | 2829565 |
| expression of porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus genes in e. coli as beta-galactosidase chimaeric proteins. | | 1987 | 2829568 |
| strategies for a successful coronavirus (tge) vaccine for swine. | | 1987 | 2829569 |
| [the pharmaceutical-technological production of oral vaccines on the model of the riems tge vaccine]. | | 1987 | 2829768 |
| [experiences in practice evaluation of the direct immunofluorescence test in the detection of transmissible gastroenteritis and epizootic viral diarrhea and rotavirus antigens in conventional and industrial production of swine stocks]. | | 1987 | 2831835 |
| [course of virus-induced diarrhea in a large swine husbandry and production facility]. | | 1987 | 2831836 |
| effect of glucocorticoid on piglet jejunal mucosa during acute viral enteritis. | we measured the effect of pharmacological doses of glucocorticoid on piglet jejunal structure and function during acute viral diarrhea. weaned piglets, infected experimentally with transmissible gastroenteritis virus, a coronavirus that induces a diarrheal illness similar to human rotavirus infection, received methylprednisolone (30 mg/kg) or saline intramuscularly at 48 and 72 h after infection; noninfected littermate controls were similarly injected with methylprednisolone. animals were killed ... | 1988 | 2832816 |
| [isolation of a concentrated purified preparation of the transmissible gastroenteritis virus of swine and a study of its antigenic properties]. | pretreatment of the transmissible gastroenteritis virus of swine (tge) (coronavirus) with trypsin increased the yield of the infectious virus approximately 100-fold when propagated in roller cultures of spev cells, the time required for the development of marked cpe being twice shorter than without treatment. the method of concentration and purification of tge virus is described which yields a preparative amount of highly purified virions retaining their structure. such preparations were used fo ... | 1987 | 2833035 |
| neutralization of porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus by complement-dependent monoclonal antibodies. | monoclonal antibodies (mab) to each of the 3 major structural proteins of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) of swine were compared, using their virus-neutralizing (vn) activity in the presence or absence of guinea pig, rabbit, or swine complement. the mab against the peplomer protein had similar vn titers for tgev in the presence or absence of complement from any source. the mab against the matrix protein had vn activity for tgev only in the presence of complement, whereas mab specific ... | 1988 | 2833862 |
| sequence of the nucleoprotein gene from a virulent british field isolate of transmissible gastroenteritis virus and its expression in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | subgenomic mrna from a virulent isolate of porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) was used to produce cdna which was sequenced. two non-overlapping open reading frames (orfs) were identified. the largest, encoding a polypeptide of 382 amino acids (relative molecular mass (mr) 43,483), was shown to be the viral nucleoprotein gene. the second orf, found 3' to the larger orf, encodes a polypeptide of 78 amino acids (mr 9068) which has yet to be assigned to a viral product. the nucleopro ... | 1988 | 2835592 |
| physicochemical properties of transmissible gastroenteritis virus hemagglutinin. | transmissible gastroenteritis virus was readily adsorbed onto chicken erythrocytes at 4 degrees c. the hemagglutinin thus adsorbed could be eluted from the erythrocytes by incubating in phosphate buffered saline at 37 degrees c. the receptor on chicken erythrocytes for the hemagglutinin was inactivated by neuraminidase and potassium periodate, but not by trypsin, 2-mercaptoethanol and formalin. the hemagglutinin was inactivated by trypsin, papain, pepsin, alpha-amylase, phospholipase c, neuramin ... | 1988 | 2835945 |
| activation of natural killer cells in newborn piglets by interferon induction. | natural killer (nk) cell activity in the peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbl) of newborn piglets, normally negligible, was stimulated by in vitro treatment with porcine type i interferon (ifn), and the nk activity of pbl from weaned piglets was augmented by the same treatment. binding of the pbl to the pk-15 targets used in the single cell cytotoxicity assay for nk activity was not affected by age or by ifn treatment. when newborn piglets were treated with a single intravenous dose at 2 days of ag ... | 1988 | 2838948 |
| antigenic differentiation between transmissible gastroenteritis virus of swine and a related porcine respiratory coronavirus. | the antigenic relationship between a recently isolated porcine respiratory coronavirus (tlm 83) and transmissible gastroenteritis (tge) virus of swine was studied by neutralization, immunoblotting and radioimmunoassay (ria) using tge virus-specific monoclonal antibodies (mabs) and polyclonal antibodies specific for both viruses. a complete two-way neutralization activity between the two viruses was found. immunoblotting revealed cross-reactions between tlm 83 and tge virus antigens at the level ... | 1988 | 2839605 |
| transmissible gastroenteritis. | transmissible gastroenteritis (tge) virus, a coronavirus, causes an acute infection of the small intestine of the pig. the disease is rarely fatal in adult animals but can cause extensive mortality in the neonate. since its first description in britain in the 1950s, the disease has been epizootic but recently it has become established on some farms and an antigenically related respiratory virus has become endemic in the national herd over the past two years. piglet immunity to tge, which relies ... | 1988 | 2839932 |
| [transmissible gastroenteritis (tge) in switzerland: antibody persistence after infection and seroepidemiologic studies of the significance of the tge virus as the cause of diarrhea]. | | 1988 | 2840736 |
| solid phase immune electron microscopy for diagnosis of transmissible gastroenteritis in pigs. | a serological trapping technique is described for detecting transmissible gastroenteritis (tge) virus in faeces. the technique involves the coating of electron microscope grids with protein a and specific tge virus antiserum. optimal conditions for performing this solid phase immune electron microscopy technique were a concentration 250 micrograms ml-1 of protein a; 1:100 diluted rabbit anti-tge virus hyperimmune serum for coating the grids and overnight incubation with virus samples. the possib ... | 1988 | 2841730 |
| the amino-terminal signal peptide on the porcine transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus matrix protein is not an absolute requirement for membrane translocation and glycosylation. | cdna clones mapping within the first 2601 bases of the 3' end of the porcine transmissible gastroenteritis corona-virus (tgev) genome were sequenced by the method of maxam and gilbert and an open reading frame yielding a protein having properties of the matrix (m or e1) protein was identified. it is positioned at the 5' side of the nucleocapsid (n) gene from which it is separated by an intergenic stretch of 12 bases. the deduced m protein comprises 262 amino acids, has a molecular weight of 29,5 ... | 1988 | 2841792 |
| the integral membrane protein from a virulent isolate of transmissible gastroenteritis virus: molecular characterization, sequence and expression in escherichia coli. | subgenomic mrna from a virulent isolate of porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) was used to produce cdna clones. part of a new clone and a previously reported clone were sequenced and used to construct the viral gene for integral membrane protein. a single open reading frame (orf) encoding a polypeptide of 262 amino acids, relative molecular mass (mr) 29,459, was identified. the positive identification of the polypeptide as the integral membrane protein was demonstrated by the prod ... | 1988 | 2845226 |
| [development of test systems for immunoenzyme analysis for the detection of the antigen of the transmissible gastroenteritis virus of swine]. | direct and indirect variants of enzyme immunoassay (eia) were developed for the detection of specific antigen of swine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev). preparation of igg were obtained from highly specific hyperimmune sera of guinea pigs and gnotobiotic piglets and their optimal concentration for the tests were determined. for the direct eia, a peroxidase conjugate was prepared from guinea pig igg and its working dilution was determined. the developed eia systems proved to be highly s ... | 1988 | 2845669 |
| cell-mediated immune responses of suckling pigs inoculated with attenuated or virulent transmissible gastroenteritis virus. | two litters of suckling pigs seronegative for transmissible gastroenteritis (tge) virus were orally inoculated with live attenuated (p115) or virulent (m5c) strains of tge virus. a third seronegative litter (controls) was given cell culture fluids from uninfected cells. lymphocytes were collected from blood, spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes, and peyer patches of euthanatized pigs at 0 day and approximately weekly until 26 days after exposure and at approximately 45 days after exposure. sera were t ... | 1988 | 2845840 |
| monoclonal antibodies to a virulent strain of transmissible gastroenteritis virus: comparison of reactivity with virulent and attenuated virus. | twelve hybridomas secreting monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against miller virulent strain of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) were generated and characterized. in a cell culture immunofluorescence (ccif) assay, three mabs directed against peplomer protein (e2) had perinuclear fluorescence and four unclassified mabs showed cell membrane fluorescence. six of these seven mabs neutralized both attenuated and virulent tgev, and the seventh (an unclassified mab) neutralized only the latter vir ... | 1988 | 2845894 |
| antiviral and antigenic properties of recombinant porcine interferon gamma. | recombinant porcine interferon gamma (rpoifn gamma) induced a dose-dependent inhibition of the cytopathic effect produced by vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) challenge of both homologous and heterologous (bovine) cell lines. in addition, an antiviral effect of rpoifn gamma was demonstrable against the coronavirus transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) infection of porcine epithelial cells and of pulmonary macrophages. a rabbit anti-poifn gamma antiserum was prepared and shown to specifically ... | 1988 | 2847405 |
| [development of test systems of immunoenzyme analysis for the detection of antibodies to the transmissible gastroenteritis virus of swine]. | two variants of enzyme immunoassay (eia) using purified swine transmissible gastroenteritis virus antigen for sensitization of the solid phase and using infected cells on the solid phase have been developed for quantitation of specific antibodies to swine transmissible gastroenteritis (stg) virus. both variants of the method were found to have approximately similar sensitivity and to be highly specific. the developed eia proved to be approximately 100 times as sensitive as neutralization test. t ... | 1988 | 2848366 |
| comparison of serologic assays for measurement of antibody response to coronavirus in cats. | serologic virus neutralization tests, indirect immunofluorescence tests, and elisa, using tissue culture-adapted feline infectious peritonitis virus (fipv) or feline enteric coronavirus (fecv) were compared for their ability to distinguish specific virus exposure in cats. sera of specific-pathogen-free cats inoculated with virulent or modified fipv or fecv were used to compare the sensitivity and specificity of the homologous assays to a heterologous assay that measures antibody reactivity with ... | 1988 | 2851952 |
| lack of protection in vivo with neutralizing monoclonal antibodies to transmissible gastroenteritis virus. | monoclonal antibodies (mabs) specific for the e1 and e2 surface glycoproteins of the transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) of swine were examined either alone or in combination to evaluate their potential value in protecting neonatal pigs against a lethal dose of tgev. cesarean-delivered colostrum-deprived (cdcd) piglets were given one pre-challenge dose of mab and an equal dose of the same mab at each successive feeding after challenge. in vivo challenge results demonstrated that neither m ... | 1988 | 2852869 |
| propagation of the virus of porcine epidemic diarrhea in cell culture. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) was adapted to serial propagation in vero cell cultures by adding trypsin to the medium. pedv-infected cells showed a distinct cytoplasmic fluorescence when examined by a fluorescent-antibody-staining technique. cytopathic effects, such as vacuolation, formation of syncytia, and fusion of cells, were detected even at passage 1 of the pedv in vero cells. once adapted, the virus induced numerous syncytia containing over 100 nuclei. from virus passage 5 on, al ... | 1988 | 2853174 |
| comparison of two methods for detection of transmissible gastroenteritis virus in feces of pigs with experimentally induced infection. | an indirect, double-antibody sandwich-type elisa for detection of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) was developed, using a solid phase of rabbit hyperimmune serum and a pool of 3 antipeplomer monoclonal antibodies to trap and to detect the virus, respectively. the technique was used to detect viral antigen in feces of pigs that had been infected with the virulent miller strain, the attenuated purdue strain, or the erica strain (a dutch field isolate) of tgev. the results were compared w ... | 1988 | 2854707 |
| [the detection of antibodies to transmissive gastroenteritis of swine virus by a passive hemagglutination reaction]. | | 1986 | 2855991 |
| sequence analysis of the nucleocapsid protein gene of human coronavirus 229e. | human coronaviruses are important human pathogens and have also been implicated in multiple sclerosis. to further understand the molecular biology of human coronavirus 229e (hcv-229e), molecular cloning and sequence analysis of the viral rna have been initiated. following established protocols, the 3'-terminal 1732 nucleotides of the genome were sequenced. a large open reading frame encodes a 389 amino acid protein of 43,366 da, which is presumably the nucleocapsid protein. the predicted protein ... | 1989 | 2922924 |
| intestinal permeability to macromolecules in piglets infected with transmissible gastroenteritis virus. | the permeability of the intestine of specific pathogen free piglets was investigated by measuring the concentration of 125-i in the blood after oral administration of 125-i polyvinylpyrrolidone (125-i pvp, mw = 40,000 da) and the concentration of 131-i in the faeces after intravenous administration of 131-i porcine albumin (131-i pa, mw = 68,000 da). the tests were performed one day before and up to two days after the piglets were infected with the miller strain of transmissible gastroenteritis ... | 1988 | 2975891 |
| [pathology in hybrid pig breeding due to mixed infections]. | a total of 7,500 samples from 5 swine breeding complexes with 200,000 hybrid camborough pigs were studied morphologically and bacteriologically. the raising technologies used on all complexes were of industrial type or semi-industrial and extensive. a description is given of the simultaneous participation of the following nosologic units: colibacteriosis, responsible for 13 to 14 per cent of the total mortality rate in newborn pigs; bronchopneumonia--causing 6 to 39 per cent losses in the other ... | 1985 | 2986346 |
| enzymatic and acidic sensitivity profiles of selected virulent and attenuated transmissible gastroenteritis viruses of swine. | this study identifies the in vitro differences (markers) between virulent and attenuated transmissible gastroenteritis (tge) viruses. exposure of virulent miller strain and attenuated purdue strain tge viruses to a spectrum of acidities indicated that the miller strain was more stable at ph 2. acidities at or above ph 3 did not reduce viral infectivity of either strain. when virulent and attenuated viruses were exposed to gastric fluids of either fed or fasted swine, there was a similar degree o ... | 1985 | 2986496 |
| effect of virus-induced destruction of villous epithelium on intestinal secretion induced by heat-stable escherichia coli enterotoxins and prostaglandin e1 in swine. | villous atrophy and crypt hyperplasia were induced in the jejunal epithelium of thirteen 3-week-old pigs by inoculation with transmissible gastroenteritis virus. the responses (changes in net fluid movement) induced in ligated intestinal loops of these pigs by intraloop injections of prostaglandin e1 (pge1) or escherichia coli broth culture filtrates containing either or both e coli heat-stable enterotoxins (sta and stb) were compared with the responses induced by these preparations in littermat ... | 1985 | 2986497 |