| detection of avian infectious bronchitis viral infection using in situ hybridization and recombinant dna. | a recombinant dna probe with specificity for the 3' end of genomic rna from the ark 99 strain of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) was found to hybridize with extracted rna of three strains with the ark serotype, as well as the mass41, holl52, gray, jmk, conn, fla and se17 strains of ibv. viral infection was detected in the cytoplasm of chicken embryo kidney cells inoculated with mass41, ark99, se17 or two recent field isolates of ibv using in situ cytohybridization and a biotinylated probe. in ... | 1990 | 2175524 |
| a method for the rapid purification of serum igm for the diagnosis of recent viral infections of chickens. | the rapid purification of chicken igm from serum was achieved by affinity chromatography. igm immunoadsorbent gels were prepared using monoclonal antibodies specific to chicken igm. five different eluting agents were compared for the dissociation of the adsorbed igm; the most convenient for routine purposes was 2 m nacl, tris-hcl, edta (nte), as this enabled direct assay of eluents by elisa without requiring the intermediate step of dialysis, which the other eluting agents did. eluents prepared ... | 1990 | 2176659 |
| early pathogenesis in chicks of infection with an enterotropic strain of infectious bronchitis virus. | one-day-old specific-pathogen-free chicks were inoculated intranasally and intraocularly with infectious bronchitis virus (strain g). at days 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, and 14 postinfection, three birds were euthanatized, and the virus contents of both enteric tissues and some non-enteric tissues were assayed. immunofluorescence and histopathological studies were also conducted. six of 30 chicks died of nephritis between days 5-10 postinfection. gross kidney lesions were the major pathological abnormalitie ... | 1990 | 2177973 |
| tissue tropism of three cloacal isolates and massachusetts strain of infectious bronchitis virus. | three virus isolates (ecv-1, -2, and -3) recovered from cloacae of chickens in flocks that experienced drops in egg production were identified as infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), based on characteristic embryo lesions, chloroform sensitivity, coronavirus morphology, and serology. because these isolates were recovered from the cloacae of the hens, their tissue tropism was compared with the prototype strain of ibv, massachusetts-41 (m-41), in experimentally inoculated chickens. during the 39-day ... | 1990 | 2177974 |
| a monoclonal antibody-based immunoperoxidase procedure for rapid detection of infectious bronchitis virus in infected tissues. | a monoclonal antibody (mab)-based indirect immunoperoxidase (ip) procedure was applied to detect infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) antigen in frozen tissue sections. with this procedure, ibv antigen could be detected in chorioallantoic membranes (cams) within 15 hr postinoculation and in the respiratory tissues of chickens within 96 hr postinoculation. endogenous peroxidases in chicken tissues were removed by treatment with periodic acid. the ip technique was highly sensitive, convenient, and ec ... | 1990 | 2177975 |
| serological and molecular characterization of three enteric isolates of infectious bronchitis virus of chickens. | three coronaviruses isolated from the intestines of laying chickens were partially characterized. serological and molecular assays indicated that the enteric coronaviruses are infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) isolates. although the three isolates were recovered from three unrelated chicken flocks, their rnase t1-resistant oligonucleotide fingerprints were almost identical. the three isolates were not neutralized by antisera specific to ibv serotype connecticut, but their rnase t1-resistant olig ... | 1990 | 2177976 |
| pathogenesis of h13 nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus. | a nephropathogenic massachusetts strain of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) designated h13-ibv was isolated from the kidneys of commercial broilers. h13-ibv caused respiratory distress, depression, and diarrhea in specific-pathogen-free chickens. gross renal lesions included pale coloration, swelling, and urate deposition. histologic renal changes were interstitial mononuclear cell infiltration and degeneration and necrosis of tubular epithelial cells. lesions in respiratory tissues included th ... | 1990 | 2177977 |
| nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding the spike glycoprotein of human coronavirus hcv 229e. | the gene encoding the spike glycoprotein of the human coronavirus hcv 229e has been cloned and sequenced. this analysis predicts an s polypeptide of 1173 amino acids with an mr of 128,600. the polypeptide has 30 potential n-glycosylation sites. a number of structural features typical of coronavirus s proteins can be recognized, including a signal sequence, a membrane anchor, heptad repeat structures and a carboxy-terminal cysteine cluster. a detailed, computer-aided comparison with the s protein ... | 1990 | 2345367 |
| haemagglutination inhibition antibody titres in chickens vaccinated with infectious bronchitis virus vaccines. | | 1985 | 2409660 |
| [antigenic and pathogenic properties of 3 isolates of infectious bronchitis virus recovered from inoculated birds]. | | 1986 | 2422852 |
| the peplomer protein sequence of the m41 strain of coronavirus ibv and its comparison with beaudette strains. | the amino acid sequence of the gene for the peplomer protein of the vaccine strain m41 and the beaudette laboratory strain m42-salk of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) have been derived from cdna sequences. as found with other coronaviruses, the peplomer protein carries the epitopes eliciting neutralizing antibodies. the gene encodes a primary translation product of 1162 amino acids with a molecular weight of 128,079. the use of a recent algorithm to predict membrane-protein interactions ... | 1986 | 2429473 |
| strain specific antibodies revealed by immunoabsorption studies with avian infectious bronchitis virus. | rabbit antisera prepared against the massachusetts 41 (m41) strain of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and absorbed with chick embryo immunoabsorbent produced multiple precipitin lines in immunodouble-diffusion (idd) tests with homologous or heterologous strains of virus. these precipitin lines were all removed by absorption with concentrated m41 virus preparations, but repeated absorption with concentrated, purified preparations of ibv strains: t, holte, connecticut, beaudette or h120 fa ... | 1987 | 2438843 |
| epitopes on the peplomer protein of infectious bronchitis virus strain m41 as defined by monoclonal antibodies. | sixteen monoclonal antibodies (mcabs) were prepared against infectious bronchitis virus strain m41, all of them reacting with the peplomer protein. one of them, mcab 13, was able to neutralize the virus and to inhibit hemagglutination. competition binding assays allowed the definition of five epitopes, designated as a, b, c, d, and e, of which epitopes a and b are overlapping. furthermore, the binding of mcab 13 (epitope e) could be enhanced by the addition of mcabs from group b, c, and d. a dot ... | 1987 | 2446423 |
| the neutralization epitopes on the spike protein of infectious bronchitis virus and their antigenic variation. | | 1987 | 2449045 |
| properties of coronavirus ibv after removal of the s1 subunit of the spike glycoprotein. | | 1987 | 2449046 |
| comparison of two strains of avian infectious bronchitis virus for their interferon induction, viral growth and development of virus-neutralizing antibody in experimentally-infected chickens. | two field strains of avian infectious bronchitis virus were tested in specific pathogen-free chickens for interferon induction, growth and stimulation of virus-neutralizing antibody. both strains induced interferon in lungs and trachea and neither strain induced it in kidneys. strain kagoshima-34, isolated from the kidneys of a chicken that had died of nephrosis/nephritis, induced interferon earlier than strain tottori-2, which was isolated from the trachea of a chicken with respiratory disease. ... | 1987 | 2449761 |
| interferon induction by several strains of avian infectious bronchitis virus, a coronavirus, in chickens. | eight u.s. and japanese strains of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were tested for their interferon-inducing ability in chickens. all strains induced interferon (ifn) in several organs of six-week-old spf chickens. however, the extent of ifn formation in these chickens was not necessarily the same from one strain to another. | 1988 | 2454022 |
| amino acids within hypervariable region 1 of avian coronavirus ibv (massachusetts serotype) spike glycoprotein are associated with neutralization epitopes. | the spike glycoprotein (s) gene of ibv codes for a precursor protein which is cleaved into the n-terminal s1 and c-terminal s2 glycopolypeptides. the s1 glycopolypeptide, which induces neutralizing antibody, comprises approximately 520 amino acid residues. we have determined the nucleotide sequence of s1 of seven strains of the massachusetts (mass) serotype and the first 337 bases of two additional mass strains. despite the fact that the strains had been isolated over three decades in europe and ... | 1988 | 2462314 |
| phylogeny of antigenic variants of avian coronavirus ibv. | the sequences of the peplomeric s1 protein of four serologically distinct strains of the infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), an avian coronavirus, have been determined. the s1 protein is thought to contain the serotype-specific neutralization epitopes and to be the main target of antigenic variation. an alignment with sequences of three strains published previously showed that from the 545 amino acid residues only 243 have been conserved. clustering of substitutions suggests that most serotype de ... | 1989 | 2466369 |
| antigenicity of the peplomer protein of infectious bronchitis virus. | to study the antigenic structure of the peplomer protein of the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus, fragments from the peplomer gene were generated by restriction-enzyme cleavage or by limited dnase digestion and inserted in the escherichia coli expression plasmid pex (stanley and luzio, 1984). the antigenicity of the expression products was tested using a number of polyclonal antisera and monoclonal antibodies. the polyclonal antisera recognized different sets of epitopes in the 1162 ... | 1989 | 2467199 |
| characterization of infectious bronchitis virus using monoclonal antibodies. | three monoclonal antibodies (mabs) reactive against two structural proteins--the nucleoprotein (np) or the surface (s) protein--of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were produced and characterized. the mabs did not neutralize virus infectivity or inhibit hemagglutination. their reactivity patterns with the homologous strain and eight heterologous strains of ibv were determined using the indirect immunoperoxidase test, the indirect immunofluorescent test, transfer-immunoblotting of separate ... | 1989 | 2476112 |
| analysis of an immunodominant region of infectious bronchitis virus. | we analyzed the antigenic fine-structure of an immunodominant region in the peplomer protein of infectious bronchitis virus. this region near the n-terminus of the s2 subunit is recognized by polyclonal antisera and by the majority of mab that cross-react with denatured protein. despite their involvement in neutralization, epitopes in this region were conserved in different serotypes. epitopes of four mab and two chicken antisera were localized by using prokaryotic expression of cdna fragments, ... | 1989 | 2477454 |
| comparative infectivity for axenic and specific-pathogen-free chickens of o2 escherichia coli strains with or without virulence factors. | adhesion to epithelial respiratory cells, iron acquisition, and production of k1 polysaccharide capsules have been proposed as potential virulence factors of avian escherichia coli. these factors were studied by inoculating groups of axenic or specific-pathogen-free (spf) chickens intratracheally with o2 e. coli strains after previous challenge with a wild strain of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). in all experiments, the association between ibv and an e. coli strain endowed with the three vir ... | 1989 | 2522766 |
| coronavirus genome: prediction of putative functional domains in the non-structural polyprotein by comparative amino acid sequence analysis. | amino acid sequences of 2 giant non-structural polyproteins (f1 and f2) of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), a member of coronaviridae, were compared, by computer-assisted methods, to sequences of a number of other positive strand rna viral and cellular proteins. by this approach, juxtaposed putative rna-dependent rna polymerase, nucleic acid binding ("finger"-like) and rna helicase domains were identified in f2. together, these domains might constitute the core of the protein complex involved ... | 1989 | 2526320 |
| antigenic relationship among strains of ibaraki virus and epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus studied with monoclonal antibodies. | twelve monoclonal antibodies against ibaraki virus (ibv) were established and preliminarily characterised by indirect immunoperoxidase (iip), haemagglutination inhibition (hi) and neutralisation (nt) tests. five antibodies reacted in the iip test with all ibv and epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus (ehdv) strains tested, and five antibodies reacted with ibv and alberta strain (serotype 2) but not with new jersey strain (serotype 1) of ehdv. two of 12 antibodies showed both hi and nt activities. ... | 1989 | 2539639 |
| immunohistological identification of both infectious bursal and marek virus antigens in the bursa of fabricius. | indirect immunoperoxidase (iip) and avidin biotin-peroxidase complex (abc) techniques were used for the detection of infectious bursal virus (ibv) and marek disease virus (mdv) antigens in alcohol and formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded lymphoid tissues from broilers. both techniques appeared potentially useful for the diagnosis of both viral antigens in alcohol-fixed tissues, and allowed the observation of dual infection in the bursa of fabricius of the studied animals in a natural infection. | 1989 | 2540946 |
| detection of turkey enteric coronavirus by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and differentiation from other coronaviruses. | a double-antibody elisa for the detection of coronaviruses in intestinal contents from turkey poults with diarrhea was developed. antibodies were raised in rabbits and guinea pigs against a minnesota isolate of turkey enteric coronavirus (tcv) propagated in embryonating turkey eggs and were purified by density-gradient centrifugation. the specificity of antisera was confirmed by hemagglutination-inhibition and immunoelectron microscopy. absorption of anti-tcv hyperimmune sera with egg extracts o ... | 1989 | 2541641 |
| genetic differences in susceptibility to a mixture of avian infectious bronchitis virus and escherichia coli. | two-week-old chickens of 9 inbred and partially inbred lines of chickens were challenged intranasally with a mixed infection consisting of a pool of virulent strains of infectious bronchitis virus and a pool of pathogenic strains of escherichia coli. 2. wide differences in mortality were observed in the different lines, ranging from 3% in a brown leghorn line to 87% in white leghorn line 7(2). 3. experiments involving challenge with e. coli alone or virus alone suggested that this variation refl ... | 1989 | 2545316 |
| nucleotide sequence of the gene coding for the peplomer protein (= spike protein) of infectious bronchitis virus, strain d274. | | 1989 | 2550899 |
| order of exposure to high dietary calcium and gray strain infectious bronchitis virus alters renal function and the incidence of urolithiasis. | experiments were designed to determine if gray strain infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) infection increases the incidence of urolithiasis type kidney damage when the urine is already high in ca and relatively alkaline due to a high ca-low available p diet (i.e., layer ration). in addition, experiments were conducted to determine the effects of gray strain ibv on pullet renal function of 6 and 14-wk-old pullets at 2, 5, and 10 days postinoculation (pi). blood gas parameters were measured to deter ... | 1989 | 2554268 |
| a fluorescence test in allantoic cells for the detection of infectious bronchitis virus. | | 1989 | 2554867 |
| purification of infectious bronchitis coronavirus by sephacryl s-1000 gel chromatography. | a procedure was developed to purify infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) by gel chromatography (gc) with a sephacryl s-1000 column. virus samples concentrated by centrifugation were applied to a sephacryl s-1000 column and eluted by 0.02 m phosphate buffer (ph 7.2) containing 0.15 m nacl. virus particles were recovered mainly in the first peak. purity of the samples was evaluated by both sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and electron microscopy. using electron microscopy, it ... | 1989 | 2558440 |
| avian infectious bronchitis: cross-protection studies using different australian subtypes. | the cross-immunity of vaccinated chickens after challenge with some australian infectious bronchitis viruses was assessed by humoral antibody responses and by ciliary activity in tracheal rings of vaccinated chickens following challenge. four viruses were used for vaccination: vac 3, vac 4, both current infectious bronchitis vaccine viruses, and q1/76 and n2/62. ibv n1/62 (synonym t0 and infectious bronchitis virus n9/74 (synonym appin) were used to challenge the vaccinated chickens. results sho ... | 1989 | 2559688 |
| practical application of nucleic acid techniques to avian disease problems. | a workshop in which 17 practicing scientists participated was intended to address primarily people who use or could use biotechnology in their work and was confined to five techniques. endonuclease fingerprinting and mapping involved cleaving nucleic acid with a specific restriction enzyme and separating the nucleic acid fragments by electrophoresis. field and vaccine isolates of pasteurella multocida could be distinguished; salmonella enteritidis could be divided into three groups; chlamydia co ... | 1989 | 2559697 |
| comparison of egg-yolk and serum antibody titers to four avian viruses by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using paired field samples. | eggs and blood were collected from 11 hens in each of nine broiler-breeder flocks in quebec. serum and egg-yolk extracts were assayed for antibody titers to infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), newcastle disease virus (ndv), and reovirus (rv) by a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) kit. comparison was made between egg-yolk and serum antibody titers by a regression analysis. a high correlation was observed between serum and yolk antibody tit ... | 1989 | 2559700 |
| pathogenicity of escherichia coli in aerosols for young chickens. | the relative pathogenicity of esherichia coli isolates from poultry was determined by aerosol exposure of young chickens. evidence of colisepticemia with airsacculitis and/or pericarditis and perihepatitis was evaluated. a system was devised that included the intratracheal (it) inoculation of strain se-17 infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) of chicks at 7 days of age followed by their aerosol exposure to e. coli culture suspensions 2 days later. each experiment was terminated 6 days later. for com ... | 1989 | 2559703 |
| protection afforded infectious bronchitis virus-vaccinated sentinel chickens raised in a commercial environment. | the protective efficacy of three infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) vaccines for sentinel chickens raised with commercial delmarva broiler chickens was evaluated during winter 1987. specific-pathogen-free leghorn sentinel chickens were vaccinated with massachusetts (mass) alone, mass and jmk, or mass and arkansas (ark) combination live vaccines, or they remained unvaccinated. four weeks post-vaccination, sentinels were placed on broiler farms at weekly intervals for 3 weeks corresponding to weeks ... | 1989 | 2559707 |
| an outbreak of nephropathogenic h13 infectious bronchitis in commercial broilers. | a nephropathogenic massachusetts strain of infectious bronchitis virus, designated h13-ib virus, was isolated from the kidneys of broilers in a commercial flock. respiratory distress, diarrhea, depression, and high mortality were present. gross renal lesions consisted of pale coloration, mottling, urate deposition, and swelling. the trachea contained a serous to catarrhal exudate. microscopically, renal changes were primarily associated with the medullary region. lesions included an interstitial ... | 1989 | 2559709 |
| molecular biology of avian infectious bronchitis virus. | | 1989 | 2560396 |
| comparisons of the structural proteins of avian infectious bronchitis virus as determined by western blot analysis. | the antigenic diversity of ten strains of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) was examined by western blot analyses using polyclonal antisera specific for the massachusetts 41 (m41), gray, arkansas dpi (ark dpi), connecticut (conn) and australian t (aust t) serotypes. although antigenic variation was found in all three structural viral proteins, the matrix protein appeared to be antigenically the most highly variable. four distinct antigenic groups, which did not correspond to virulence or p ... | 1989 | 2560918 |
| identification and location of the structural glycoproteins of a tissue culture-adapted turkey enteric coronavirus. | the minnesota strain of turkey enteric coronavirus (tcv) was grown on a human rectal tumor (hrt-18) cell line in the presence of radiolabeled amino acids and glucosamine to analyse virion structural proteins. in addition to the 52,000 unglycosylated nucleocapsid protein, three major glycoprotein species were found to be associated with the viral envelope. a predominant glycosylated protein with a molecular weight of 22-24,000 represented the transmembrane matrix protein. larger glycoproteins wit ... | 1989 | 2673155 |
| virulence and transmissibility of mycoplasma gallisepticum. | the virulence of 4 low passage strains of mycoplasma gallisepticum obtained from different sources within australia was studied by experimental infection of chickens. strain ap3as, originally isolated from the air sac of a broiler chicken, produced severe air sac lesions following injection into the abdominal air sacs of 2-week or 3-week-old chickens, and adult hens. strain 80083 which was isolated from a clinically normal broiler breeder hen was also capable of producing gross air sac lesions f ... | 1989 | 2712773 |
| physiological evaluation of diuresis in commercial broiler breeders. | a physiological investigation on an outbreak of diuresis syndrome in commercial broiler breeder hens was carried out. daily water consumption increased 4-fold and daily manure wet weight increased two-fold in affected hens. 2. the syndrome did not have a genetic basis. it was associated with kidney dysfunction which, once acquired, was not alleviated by changing the diet, the drinking water, or the environment. diuresis ceased when water intake was restricted and returned when water was again ma ... | 1989 | 2765979 |
| re-excretion of an enterotropic infectious bronchitis virus by hens at point of lay after experimental infection at day old. | | 1987 | 2820108 |
| a specific transmembrane domain of a coronavirus e1 glycoprotein is required for its retention in the golgi region. | the e1 glycoprotein of the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus contains a short, glycosylated amino-terminal domain, three membrane-spanning domains, and a long carboxy-terminal cytoplasmic domain. we show that e1 expressed from cdna is targeted to the golgi region, as it is in infected cells. e1 proteins with precise deletions of the first and second or the second and third membrane-spanning domains were glycosylated, thus suggesting that either the first or third transmembrane domain ... | 1987 | 2821010 |
| expression of the infectious bronchitis virus spike protein by recombinant vaccinia virus and induction of neutralizing antibodies in vaccinated mice. | a cdna clone of the infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) spike protein gene has been recombined into vaccinia virus. cells infected with the recombinant virus synthesized ibv spike antigen which was recognized by antibody raised against purified spike protein. immunofluorescence showed that the ibv spike antigen was transported to the infected cell surface membrane and immunoprecipitation showed the presence of the glycosylated 180k mol. wt. polypeptide precursor of the two spike subunits s1 and s2 ... | 1987 | 2821170 |
| comparative nephropathogenicity of different strains of infectious bronchitis virus in chickens. | two-week-old white leghorn chickens were injected intravenously with australian t, holte, gray, and m 41 strains of infectious bronchitis virus. a total of 100, 90, 85, and 20% of the chickens infected with australian t, holte, gray, and m 41, respectively, had variable degrees of nephritis. the australian t strain induced the most rapid and the most severe kidney lesions followed by holte, gray, and m 41 in descending order. | 1987 | 2821527 |
| determination of the antigenic relationships among six serotypes of infectious bronchitis virus using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and serum-neutralization test. | the indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was applied to detect antibody to infectious bronchitis (ib) virus in chickens. a cross-reactivity study was performed to determine the antigenic relationships among six strains: massachusetts, connecticut, beaudette, and three ontario field isolates. for comparison, the cross-reactivity study was performed in eggs using the serum-neutralization (sn) test for ib. the elisa proved to be more broadly cross-reactive than the ib-sn test. this su ... | 1987 | 2823768 |
| comparison of serological tests for antibodies against newcastle disease virus and infectious bronchitis virus using immunocomb solid-phase immunoassay, a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the hemagglutination-inhibition assay. | combscores determined using the immunocomb solid-phase immunoassay were compared with hemagglutination-inhibition (hi) titers specific for newcastle disease virus (ndv) and infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and with mean enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) titers determined using agritech systems, inc., elisa. combscores for ndv and ibv increased proportionately in a stepwise manner as hi titers increased. the immunocomb solid-phase immunoassay was ablt to produce endpoint titers on sera w ... | 1987 | 2823769 |
| serum antibody responses of chickens following sequential inoculations with different infectious bronchitis virus serotypes. | sequential inoculations of chickens with different live infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) antigenic types had major effects on virus-neutralization (vn) and hemagglutination-inhibition (hi) serum antibody responses. antibody production in ibv-inoculated chickens that were reinoculated 8 weeks later with heterologous virus was largely directed against the virus used for initial inoculation rather than the virus used for reinoculation. in addition, chickens inoculated sequentially with ibv produce ... | 1987 | 2823771 |
| studies of avian urolithiasis associated with an infectious bronchitis virus. | avian urolithiasis syndrome was diagnosed in 14-to-25-week-old chickens from a multiple-age caged-layer complex housing more than 2.5 million chickens. losses from this syndrome ranged from 0.5 to 1.0% per week. seven-to-14-week-old pullets from this facility had multifocal renal tubular necrosis leading to interstitial fibrosis, tophus formation, and tubular dilation. a coronavirus was isolated in embryos inoculated with pooled samples of trachea, kidney, and cecal tonsil of 4-week-old pullets. ... | 1987 | 2823778 |
| enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of infectious bronchitis virus antigens. | | 1987 | 2824904 |
| a haemagglutination inhibition test for avian infectious bronchitis virus antibody. | | 1987 | 2825628 |
| nucleotide sequence of the porcine transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus matrix protein gene. | cdna clones mapping within the first 2601 bases of the 3' end of the tgev genome were sequenced completely or in part by the method of maxam and gilbert and open reading frames were examined. one reading frame yielding a protein having properties of the matrix (m) protein was identified. it is positioned at the immediate 5' side of the nucleocapsid (n) gene but is separated by an intergenic region of 12 bases. the deduced m protein is comprised of 262 amino acids, has a molecular weight of 29,54 ... | 1987 | 2829520 |
| the complete nucleotide sequence of avian infectious bronchitis virus: analysis of the polymerase-coding region. | | 1987 | 2829522 |
| expression of ibv spike protein by a vaccinia virus recombinant. | | 1987 | 2829523 |
| identification of a new gene product encoded by mrna d of infectious bronchitis virus. | | 1987 | 2829563 |
| effects of avian infectious bronchitis virus (arkansas strain) on vaccinated laying chickens. | twenty-four-week-old white leghorn layers were inoculated subcutaneously with a killed newcastle-infectious bronchitis (massachusetts type) virus (mibv) vaccine. the birds were challenged 194 days later intraocularly with arkansas strain of infectious bronchitis virus (aibv). the challenged hens laid significantly (p less than 0.005) fewer eggs than the unchallenged layers, and the eggs laid by the challenged groups weighed significantly less (p less than 0.001) than those laid by the unchalleng ... | 1987 | 2831869 |
| an infectious bronchitis virus isolated from chickens experiencing a urolithiasis outbreak. i. in vitro characterization studies. | an infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strain isolated from commercial layers experiencing urolithiasis was 50-100 nm in size and possessed widely spaced, club-shaped surface projections. it was sensitive to lipid solvents and exhibited responses characteristic of ibv when exposed to heat, divalent cations, and trypsin. reciprocal virus-neutralization tests demonstrated it to be closely related to gray, jmk, delaware 2868, and delaware 2897 strains of ibv. | 1987 | 2831871 |
| evolution of avian coronavirus ibv: sequence of the matrix glycoprotein gene and intergenic region of several serotypes. | we have sequenced 200 to 240 bases of the matrix (m) glycoprotein gene of 23 strains of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) representing the a (d207), b (d3896), c (d3128), d (d212), massachusetts (mass), uk11 and uk12 serotypes. the bases examined code for the external, hydrophilic region and the first membrane-embedded hydrophobic region of m, both regions comprising approximately 20 amino acids. as predicted from protein mr studies the a/d and b/c serotypes had two and one potential glycosylati ... | 1988 | 2832526 |
| effect of repeated infections of chickens with infectious bronchitis viruses on the specificity of their antibody responses. | | 1988 | 2837864 |
| a study of breeder vaccination programs and problems in the broiler progeny in saskatchewan utilizing enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | a survey of antibodies against infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), newcastle disease virus (ndv), and reovirus (rv) was conducted in broiler-breeder flocks and selected progeny broiler flocks utilizing the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. marked differences in antibody titers between different breeder flocks were related to differences in vaccination programs. poor performance in some progeny broiler flocks was related to low antibody titers against ibdv ... | 1988 | 2838013 |
| a dot-immunobinding assay for infectious bronchitis virus. | common whatman filter paper grade 1 and nitrocellulose membrane were compared for their sensitivity in a dot-immunobinding assay for detection of serum antibody titers to arkansas avian infectious bronchitis virus (aibv). for a blue to purple color detection, serum antibodies were bound to aibv antigen adsorbed on the filter-paper discs or nitrocellulose membrane. rabbit anti-chicken igg horseradish-peroxidase (hrp) conjugate and hydrogen peroxide with 4-chloro-1-naphthol (hrp-color development ... | 1988 | 2838014 |
| comparative nephropathogenicity of infectious bronchitis virus in bursectomized and nonbursectomized chickens. | a study was conducted to compare the responses of bursectomized (bx) and nonbursectomized (non-bx) specific-pathogen-free male chickens to australian t strain of infectious bronchitis virus. four chickens from each group were killed at 3, 5, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after conjunctival inoculation of the virus. clinical signs and gross and microscopic lesions were more severe in bx than in non-bx chickens. the non-bx chickens had linear igg deposits along the renal tubules. virus-neutralizing titer ... | 1988 | 2840842 |
| a comparison of infectious bronchitis virus hemagglutination-inhibition test procedures. | replicate hemagglutination-inhibition (hi) tests of selected convalescent and hyperimmune infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) antisera were run against five ibv antigens: massachusetts 41, connecticut 46, h52, arkansas 99, and jmk. six different hi test procedures were included in this comparison to evaluate the effect of procedural differences on hi titers. the results were similar among procedures to the extent that positive and negative reactions were differentiated by each procedure with each ... | 1988 | 2840883 |
| identification of recent infectious bronchitis virus isolates that are serologically different from current vaccine strains. | three 1986 infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) isolates were serotyped by a hemagglutination-inhibition method and were found to be serologically different from the seven strains currently used in regular and specially licensed vaccines in the united states (mass 41, h52, h120, conn 46, fla 18288, jmk, and ark 99) and from 13 other reference ibv strains. the recent isolates were from layer flocks that had histories of egg-production declines and shell-quality problems. two of the isolates, one eac ... | 1988 | 2840885 |
| the amino-terminal signal peptide on the porcine transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus matrix protein is not an absolute requirement for membrane translocation and glycosylation. | cdna clones mapping within the first 2601 bases of the 3' end of the porcine transmissible gastroenteritis corona-virus (tgev) genome were sequenced by the method of maxam and gilbert and an open reading frame yielding a protein having properties of the matrix (m or e1) protein was identified. it is positioned at the 5' side of the nucleocapsid (n) gene from which it is separated by an intergenic stretch of 12 bases. the deduced m protein comprises 262 amino acids, has a molecular weight of 29,5 ... | 1988 | 2841792 |
| cloning and sequencing of genes encoding structural proteins of avian infectious bronchitis virus. | | 1988 | 2841803 |
| avian infectious bronchitis diagnosis using an enzyme immunoassay on nitrocellulose. | | 1988 | 2844040 |
| isolation of infectious bronchitis virus from a flock of racing pigeons. | | 1988 | 2844141 |
| [scanning electron microscopic studies of changes in the respiratory tract of chicks caused by an infection with the agent of infectious bronchitis]. | | 1988 | 2846257 |
| effect of gray strain infectious bronchitis virus and high dietary calcium on renal function of single comb white leghorn pullets at 6, 10, and 18 weeks of age. | experiments were designed to evaluate the effects of gray strain infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and high dietary calcium (ca), alone and in combination, on renal function in pullets. eight hundred female single comb white leghorn chicks were raised on starter ration. five hundred chicks were inoculated intravenously with gray strain ibv at 4 wk of age; the remaining chicks were not exposed to ibv. at 6 wk of age, ibv-inoculated and uninoculated chicks were randomly divided into two diet treat ... | 1988 | 2847130 |
| a standardized enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for infectious bronchitis virus: comparison with hemagglutination-inhibition and virus-neutralization assays for measuring protective antibody levels in chickens. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed to measure antibodies to infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) in chickens. the results are reported in ibv standard elisa values calculated by comparing antibody levels in test sera with antibody levels in a series of standard reference sera. the ibv standard elisa values were good indicators of responses to vaccination and the immune status of experimentally challenged birds. although the assay was not serotype-specific, the sensitivity ma ... | 1988 | 2848483 |
| a method to rapidly convert newcastle disease virus and infectious bronchitis virus immunocomb scores into conventional hemagglutination-inhibition titers. | immunocomb scores are highly correlated to hemagglutination-inhibition (hi) titers against infectious bronchitis virus and newcastle disease virus. statistical calculations permit using an individual combscore to predict the corresponding hi titer value. tables are presented to facilitate the transformation of combscores into hi titers. | 1988 | 2848485 |
| efficacy of infectious bronchitis virus vaccines against heterologous challenge. | twenty-four-week-old white leghorn layers were inoculated subcutaneously with a killed newcastle disease-infectious bronchitis (massachusetts type) virus (mibv) vaccine. twenty-eight weeks after vaccination, the birds were challenged intraocularly with the arkansas strain of infectious bronchitis virus (aibv) to determine the effects of heterologous virus exposure on egg production, egg quality and serum antibody response of the birds. the challenged hens laid significantly (p less than 0.005) f ... | 1988 | 2851866 |
| infectious bronchitis: safety and protection in chickens with maternal antibody. | | 1988 | 2851970 |
| serological relationship among ten strains of avian infectious bronchitis virus. | ten strains of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were studied serologically by cross-neutralization test using rabbit and chicken immune sera. with the chicken sera all 10 ibv strains were antigenically related. in particular, anti-kh serum neutralized all heterologous strains except of the ishida strain; nerima strain was neutralized by all antisera except of anti-ishida serum. most cross-reactions were less or more heterologous, thus all 10 ibv strains seemed to belong to one serological ... | 1987 | 2886022 |
| sequences of the nucleocapsid genes from two strains of avian infectious bronchitis virus. | cdnas prepared from viral genomic rna purified from two strains of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) (beaudette and m41) have been cloned into pbr322. three of these clones, which contain the complete sequences of mrna a for both strains, except for the leader sequences which are only present on the subgenomic messenger rnas, have been sequenced using the dideoxy method. the sequences are similar for both strains, each containing a single long open reading frame of 1227 bases which predicts a po ... | 1985 | 2983001 |
| humoral antibody response and assessment of protection following primary vaccination of chicks with maternally derived antibody against avian infectious bronchitis virus. | commercially bred chicks with maternally derived antibody to avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were hatched in isolated conditions and a number vaccinated within the first three weeks of life with live ibv strain h120. humoral antibody responses were assayed by haemagglutination inhibition (hi) or neutralisation (sn) tests, and the degree of protection against challenge with the virulent massachusetts m41 strain assessed on the basis of tracheal ciliary activity four days after challenge. ... | 1985 | 2983406 |
| application of the haemagglutination inhibition test to typing of infectious bronchitis virus. | | 1985 | 2983480 |
| cloning and sequencing of the gene encoding the spike protein of the coronavirus ibv. | rna sequences encoding the surface projection (spike) of the coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus, strain beaudette, have been cloned into pbr322 using cdna primed with a specific oligonucleotide. a 5.3 kilobase viral insert in the clone pmb179 has been identified. the region of this clone coding for the spike gene has been sequenced by the chain termination method, and we present here the first report of dna sequence data for a coronavirus spike protein, the protein which forms the character ... | 1985 | 2984314 |
| the experimental infection of chickens with mixtures of infectious bronchitis virus and escherichia coli. | by inoculating chickens intranasally with a collection of strains of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) of the massachusetts serotype and of escherichia coli of different serotypes, a pool of viral and bacterial strains was selected which, on inoculation, consistently produced a highly lethal disease closely resembling the natural disease produced by these two organisms. the conditions for reproducing the experimental disease were not rigorous in that, within broad limits, the size of the viral a ... | 1985 | 2984320 |
| isolation of avian infectious bronchitis viruses in morocco including an enterotropic variant. | | 1985 | 2988180 |
| efficacy of experimental inactivated mycoplasma gallisepticum oil-emulsion bacterin in egg-layer chickens. | six groups of white leghorn pullets were studied to determine the ability of beta-propiolactone-inactivated mycoplasma gallisepticum (mg) oil-emulsion bacterins to counteract reductions in egg production caused by mg infection. the pullets were inoculated with 0.5 ml of mg bacterin subcutaneously in the neck at about 20 weeks of age and were challenged with mg near 28 weeks of age, when they were in peak egg production. various challenge schemes with infectious bronchitis virus were used at the ... | 1985 | 2992434 |
| identification of field isolates of infectious bronchitis virus by interference with the la sota of strain of newcastle disease virus. | the interference phenomenon of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) with growth of newcastle disease virus (ndv) in embryonating chicken eggs (ece) was used as a diagnostic method. fifteen field isolates obtained from presumptively infectious-bronchitis-affected chickens were analyzed by the ibv-ndv interference test. eight isolates were capable of interfering with the growth of the la sota strain of ndv, as measured by hemagglutination (ha) activity when ibv was inoculated 10 hr before ndv into ec ... | 1985 | 2992435 |
| isolation of infectious bronchitis virus from intestine and reproductive organs of laying hens with dropped egg production. | a total of 52 samples (22 cloacal swabs and 30 pooled ovaries and oviducts) from hens with a history of a 25 to 40% drop in egg production from 30 flocks were examined for the isolation of infectious bronchitis virus in embryonated chicken eggs. five isolates were obtained: three from cloacal swabs and two from reproductive organs. these isolates were identified and characterized on the basis of agar-gel-precipitation, hemagglutination, and neutralization tests and other physicochemical characte ... | 1985 | 2992441 |
| comparative use of direct organ cultures of infected chicken tracheas in isolating avian infectious bronchitis virus. | five trials were conducted to compare four in vitro methods of isolating avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv)-direct organ culture of infected tracheal rings (doc), inoculation of tracheal organ culture (oc), inoculation of chicken embryo, and inoculation of cultured cells. doc was prepared from tracheas of chickens experimentally inoculated with field samples. in the other methods, pooled tracheal and kidney suspensions were used to inoculate oc, chicken embryos, and cultured cells. ibv was ... | 1985 | 2992442 |
| [replication characteristics and cytopathic effect of southern german field isolates of chicken infectious bronchitis virus in cell cultures and the effect of trypsin]. | | 1985 | 2992447 |
| factors influencing changes in moisture content during storage of freeze-dried vaccines in vials. | previous studies have demonstrated that the water content of freeze-dried vaccines increases during storage. the reasons for these variations in water content are discussed in this paper. different possible mechanisms have been considered: microleakages at the closure sealing point, water vapour transfer through the closure (permeation, loss and uptake of water by the stopper). several types of vials and closures were studied, under different conditions of storage. regardless of the vial form se ... | 1985 | 2993309 |
| the use of a random priming procedure to generate cdna libraries of infectious bronchitis virus, a large rna virus. | an efficient method for the generation of gene banks from large rna viruses is described using infectious bronchitis virus as an example. randomly primed clones have been characterized and found to be representative of the viral genome including 5' leader sequences. | 1985 | 2993338 |
| sequencing of coronavirus ibv genomic rna: three open reading frames in the 5' 'unique' region of mrna d. | the nucleotide sequence of a genomic cdna clone corresponding to the 5' terminal domain of mrna d of the beaudette strain of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) has been determined. this region contains three open reading frames which predict polypeptides of molecular weights 6700 (6.7k), 7.4k and 12.4k. the predicted 12.4k polypeptide has a codon usage very similar to that predicted for the products of the ibv nucleocapsid, membrane and spike genes. the sequence also predicts a hydrophobic, poten ... | 1985 | 2995560 |
| induction of urolithiasis in single comb white leghorn pullets: effect on glomerular number. | urolithiasis was induced in an experimental group of single comb white leghorn pullets by feeding them layer ration and exposing them to nephrotrophic gray strain infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). gray strain ibv was recovered from kidney and cloacal swabs for up to 26 days after exposure to the virus. control pullets fed pullet grower ration and not exposed to gray strain ibv did not develop urolithiasis. the experimental design did not allow differentiation between the roles of layer ration a ... | 1985 | 2995958 |
| [associated vaccination of poultry against infectious bronchitis, newcastle disease and infectious bursitis]. | the effectiveness of immunity was studied following a mixed vaccination with live vaccines against infectious bronchitis (strains h120 and h52), newcastle disease (strain la sota), and infectious bursitis (strain th75vn82). the three vaccines were applied simultaneously via the drinking water, through the spray method, and nasally. experiments were carried out with a total of 31,466 birds: broilers, growing layers, broiler parents--all without preliminary treatment with biopreparations. immunity ... | 1985 | 3002010 |
| pathogenesis of infectious bronchitis nephritis. 1. morphometric analysis of kidney proximal tubular epithelium in chickens. | the ultrastructure of the proximal tubular epithelial cells in chicken kidneys was examined throughout the course of an experimental infection with infectious bronchitis virus. a quantitative assessment of the structural changes in the cells was related to these in normal cells. significant alterations were detected in the membrane structures and in the mitochondria. there was a reduction in surface area of the microvillus membrane, the basolateral membrane and the apical tubular membrane. there ... | 1986 | 3003169 |
| cloning and sequencing of 5' terminal sequences from avian infectious bronchitis virus genomic rna. | the subgenomic rnas of the fowl coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) form a 3' co-terminal or 'nested' set. the presence of non-contiguous (leader) sequences fused to the 5' termini of murine hepatitis virus mrnas has been demonstrated using rnase t1 oligonucleotide mapping and sequencing. the presence of a leader sequence on ibv mrna a has been demonstrated previously. in this paper the presence of a leader identical to that present on the 5' terminus of ibv mrna a is demonstrated to b ... | 1986 | 3003236 |
| an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method for the simultaneous measurement of antibody titer to multiple viral, bacterial or protein antigens. | a model enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) system was developed which permits the user to evaluate replicate single sera dilutions of 46 test and control serum samples for the presence of specific antibody against up to eight different antigens in one assay. the system makes use of a transplanting device for the simultaneous transfer of aliquots of independently diluted replicate test samples along with conjugate and substrate from a serum reservoir plate or from a reagent reservoir onto ... | 1985 | 3004010 |
| appearance of haemagglutinability of infectious bronchitis virus following in vitro and in vivo tracheal passages. | | 1985 | 3006407 |
| field observations on serological responses to an oil emulsion vaccine against avian infectious bronchitis. | | 1986 | 3008406 |
| sequence analysis of the porcine transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus nucleocapsid protein gene. | the 3' end of the 20-kb genome of the purdue strain of porcine transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus (tgev) was copied into cdna after priming with oligo(dt) and the double-stranded product was cloned into the psti site of the puc9 vector. one clone of 2.0-kb contained part of the poly(a) tail and was sequenced in its entirety using the chemical method of maxam and gilbert. another clone of 0.7 kb also contained part of the poly(a) tail and was sequenced in part to confirm the primary struct ... | 1986 | 3008432 |
| chicken embryonal vaccination with avian infectious bronchitis virus. | a commercial infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) vaccine of the massachusetts 41 strain was injected in embryonating chicken eggs on embryonation day (ed) 18. the ibv vaccine was pathogenic for embryos, and it was passaged in chicken kidney tissue culture to reduce the pathogenicity. at the 40th tissue culture passage (p40-ibv), the virus became apathogenic for the embryos. maternal antibody-positive or -negative chicks hatching from eggs injected with p40-ibv developed antibody to ibv and were pr ... | 1986 | 3008613 |