| solubilization of neurofilaments from central nervous system myelinated nerve. | | 1977 | 19632 |
| the effects of dietary factors on acid-induced inhibition of reticulo-ruminal motility in sheep. | | 1977 | 19744 |
| effect of influenza virus on the immune responsiveness of animals. | infection of mice with a/hong kong/1/68 (h3n2) and a/pr8/34 (h0n1) influenza virus strains resulted in a significant inhibition of the formation of antibody-producing cells in response to administration of sheep erythrocytes and a reduced capacity of spleen cells to induce "graft-versus-host" reaction. the immunosuppression caused by influenza infection was observed for a long period of time post infection (3--6 months). the extent of inhibition of antibody production depended on the dose of vir ... | 1977 | 17278 |
| erythrocyte gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. | | 1977 | 14752 |
| kinetics of sheep-liver cytoplasmic aldehyde dehydrogenase. | 1. sheep liver cytoplasmic aldehyde dehydrogenase showed little ph dependence of v or kcat. some buffer anion effects were noted. 2. the oxidation of aldehydes at ph 7.6 was quantitative but irreversible. the initial velocity data indicated a sequential mechanism for the addition of substrates. inhibition by nadh and the product analogue 2-bromo-2-phenylacetic acid, together with the known tight binding of nadh to the free enzyme, indicated an ordered mechanism with nad+ as leading substrate. 3. ... | 1977 | 20307 |
| suppression of antibody-mediated and cell-mediated murine immunity by the carcinogen n-4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolylacetamide. | n-4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolylacetamide (nfta) administered at 1000 ppm in diet to mice for 12 weeks induced a high incidence of lymphocytic leukemia. effects of nfta on antibody-mediated immunity and cell-mediated immunity of balb/c mice were studied using the spleen plaque assay for detection of immunoglobulin m-producing cells and the graft-versus-host (gvh) reaction, respectively. nfta suppressed both responses. with the spleen plaque assay, the number of antibody-forming cells (afc) to s ... | 1977 | 14783 |
| autonomic control of cardiovascular functions during neonatal development and in adult sheep. | we studied the autonomic control of resting heart rate of systemic and pulmonary vascular blood pressures (bp) in chronically instrumented neonatal lambs 1-8 weeks of age. the maximum response to ganglionic blockade and sympathetic and parasympathetic antagonists was taken as an index of the magnitude of the total neural, adrenergic, and cholinergic tones. the reactivity of the circulatory parameters to adrenergic and cholinergic agonists also was investigated. all findings were compared with th ... | 1977 | 14791 |
| daily changes in the blood of conscious pigs with catheters in foetal and uterine vessels during late gestation. | 1. catheters were inserted into the foetal carotid artery and maternal middle uterine artery and vein in twenty foetuses from fifteen sows, 91-105 days pregnant. blood samples were collected from foetal and maternal circulations for periods of 7-21 days after surgery.2. blood gas tensions, ph, packed cell volume (pcv) and the levels of glucose, fructose and lactic acid in conscious pigs were followed in foetal and maternal bloods during late pregnancy.3. foetal blood gas tensions, ph, pcv, lacti ... | 1977 | 20500 |
| acth, alpha-msh and beta-lph: pituitary hormones with similar activity in an amnesia test in rats. | | 1977 | 15055 |
| digestion of lactose in the rumen of sheep. | | 1977 | 20634 |
| platelet adhesion to foreign surfaces under controlled conditions of whole blood flow: human vs rabbit, dog, calf, sheep, pig, macaque, and baboon. | our results reveal significant differences between mammalian species with respect to platelet adhesion to foreign surfaces exposed to heparinized, flowing blood. in particular, we have demonstrated the following: 1) at a surface shear rate characteristic of shear rates in mammalian arteries, human platelet adhesion (and that of calf, baboon, macaque, hog or sheep) is negligible in comparison to dog or rabbit platelet adhesion after 10 mins of blood flow. 2) the species differences are biomateria ... | 1977 | 20686 |
| ventilatory response in the fetal lamb following peripheral chemodenervation. | carotid infusions of sodium cyanide solution and perfusions of hypoxemic or hypercapnic fetal blood were done before and after peripheral chemoreceptor denervation. step changes in pao2 ranged from -11 to -22 torr; step changes in paco2 ranged from +17 to +42 torr. the cyanide dose was 0.2 mg/kg per loop system. control perfusions consisted of 25 ml of fetal blood without changes in ph and blood gases. a ventilatory response occurred in the majority of all experimental perfusions regardless of i ... | 1977 | 16861 |
| physical properties of the amino-terminal precursor-specific portion of type i procollagen. | | 1977 | 20926 |
| graft versus host-induced immunosuppression: mechanism of depressed t-cell helper function in vitro. | | 1977 | 21034 |
| enumeration of t rosette-forming cell population in rabbit peripheral blood using human, sheep, guinea-pig, rat, mouse and chicken red blood cells under different experimental conditions. | attempts were made to estimate peripheral t-lymphocytes in rabbits by their ability to form rosettes with sheep, human, guinea-pig, rat, mouse and chicken rbc. the reaction was studied under different conditions of ph and temperature. the test was also carried out in the presence or absence of glutaraldehyde. with sheep rbc, lymphocytes from 2 of the 5 rabbits studied formed rosettes to the extent of 1.5% in the system containing glutaraldehyde. these results however were not reproducible when s ... | 1977 | 21220 |
| pathogenic factors in viral diseases of the central nervous system. | the possible immunological significance of the different kinds of cells participating in the inflammatory reaction in cerebrospinal infections is to be considered. presence of plasma cells and occasional perivenous microglial seams in early stages of the neurotropic virus diseases must be regarded as immunological manifestations. the brainstem nuclei are sites of predilection both in entero- and in arbovirus diseases. the aetiologically different neurotropic virus diseases obtain their individua ... | 1975 | 15392 |
| isolation and characterization of sheep pepsin. | sheep pepsin was isolated (approx. 120-fold purification) from aqueous abomasal homogenates by (1) ph fractionation, (2) chromatography on sepharose 4b-poly-l-lysine columns and (3) gel filtration on sephadex g-100. the enzyme had mol.wt. approx. 34000, n-terminal valine and c-terminal alanine. the amino acid composition of sheep pepsin was generally similar to that of pig and ox pepsins, with a very low content of basic residues and a high content of acidic and hydroxy-amino acids. the ph optim ... | 1977 | 15546 |
| an examination of potential matrices for the affinity chromatography of nadp+-linked dehydrogenases with special reference to 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase. | 1. 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase from sheep liver has been purified 350-fold by affinity chromatography with a final specific activity of 18 micronmol of nadp+/reduced min per mg of protein and an overall yield of greater than 40%. 2. a systematic investigation of potential ligands has been carried out: these included 6-phosphogluconate and nadp+, pyridoxal phosphate and several immobilized nucleotides. the results indicate that nadp+ is the most suitable ligand for the purification of 6-phos ... | 1977 | 15550 |
| effect of adrenergic blocking drugs on secretion of luteinizing hormone in the ovariectomized ewe. | the effects of the adrenergic blocking drugs phenoxybenzamine, phentolamine, and pimozide on basal luteinizing hormone (lh) levels and on estrogen-induced lh release were tested in ovariectomized ewes. phentolamine was given at a dose of 10 mg/kg; phenoxybenzamine was given at a dose of 8 mg/kg; and pimozide was given at a dose of 800 mcg/kg. estradiol benzoate (eb) was given at a dose of 50 mcg/animal. sera were assayed for lh levels by double-antibody radioimmunoassay. phenoxybenzamine g ... | 1977 | 15666 |
| on the induction of zoosporogenesis in the rumen phycomycetes neocallimastix frontalis, piromonas communis and sphaeromonas communis. | the plant components inducing zoosporogenesis in the rumen phycomycetes neocallimastix frontalis, sphaeromonas communis and piromonas communis were widely distributed in the plant kingdom with no apparent taxonomic relationship. in lolium perenne l. (perennial rye-grass) and hordeum distichon (barley), the components were principally present in the leaves and aerial tissues. sufficient inducer was present in the normal diet of the host animal to trigger the differentiation and release of the zoo ... | 1977 | 21939 |
| effects of intraruminal administration of zinc on gastric acid secretion in sheep. | intraruminal administration of zinc sulphate at 100 and 200 mg zn/kg bodyweight resulted in central and peripheral effects in sheep. feed intake was reduced, ph of the duodenal contents elevated and the secretion of acid from isolated pouches of the abomasum doubled. suggested explanations include a local inhibitory effect of zinc on abomasal acid secretion elevating duodenal ph and a resultant increased release of gastrin stimulating secretion from the pouches. | 1977 | 22116 |
| cholinesterase activity of sperm from rams infected with brucella ovis. | studied were the indices of cholinesterase activity of semen taken from 23 normal rams and 23 rams infected with brucella ovis, the latter being positive by the complement-fixation test and showing a varying deterioration of the semen production. the results obtained were processed biometrically. established were dependable differences. the cholinesterase activity of semen of brucellosis-affected rams proved four times higher than that of normal rams' semen: 39.45 +/- 5.49 microleter to2 for 1 h ... | 1977 | 22157 |
| glutamine synthetase. ix. purification and characterization of the enzyme from sheep spleen. | glutamine synthetase (l-glutamate: ammonia ligase (adp-forming), ec 6.3.1.2) has been purified about 550-fold from sheep spleen. the subunit weight of the enzyme is estimated to be 48 000. sedimentation coefficient determination by density gradient centrifugation gives a value of 15.0 s. the approximate molecular weight calculated from the s value is 378500. in addition, electron micrographs of the enzyme show an "h" shape. hence, the protein appears to have eight subunits. in sheep spleen, the ... | 1977 | 15707 |
| influence of cobra venom (cof) and pneumococcal s iii capsular polysaccharide on immunologic humoral response and visceral distribution of antigens. | the immunologic response to sheep erythrocytes was compared in mice treated with cobra venom (cof) and with pneumococcal capsular antigen s iii. suppression of the immunologic response in both cases was attributed to the ability of both tested substances to activate the third component of complement. cof and s iii both changed the organ localization of labeled antigens capable of activating the complement system. no evidence for an alternative pathway by which s iii could activate the complement ... | 1977 | 22318 |
| serum-derived immunosuppressive substances. ii. an evaluation of various sources for an endogenous regulator of lymphocyte activation. | four published methods (ion-exchange chromatography, heat, molecular sieving and alcohol fractionation) for the preparation of fractions of normal sera and tissues which possess immunosuppressive activity are compared. human and bovine serum and human, bovine and ovine tissues including spleen, placenta and thymus were investigated as sources of substances which were immunosuppressive when added to mixed lymphocyte cultures and when injected into mice 24 h before antigenic challenge. cohn fracti ... | 1977 | 22495 |
| effect of dimedrol, diazoline, diprazin and ethysine on formation of the primary immune response. | tests were conducted on mice of the cba line, immunized through a single intraperitoneal administration of 0.5 ml of a 5% sheep erythrocytes suspension. antihistaminic agents were introduced by the intraperitoneal route in a dose of 5 mg/kg, first at one time and then repeatedly at various intervals with respect to the initial immunization benadryl and diazoline, when administered in a single dose to mice 24 hours after immunization activated the primary immune response to sheep erythrocytes, wh ... | 1976 | 15855 |
| disappearance of para-amino-hippurate from amniotic fluid. | eight pregnant women and three pregnant sheep received 400 mg of para-amino-hippurate (pah) intraaminotically. serial samples of amniotic fluid and maternal blood were obtained. in sheep samples of fetal blood were also withdrawn. pah appeared in maternal plasma in all the cases. in all pregnant women pah disappeared slowly from amniotic fluid (50% in 4 hours). in one ewe the study was performed as in humans and showed the same pattern of disappearance. in the other two, fetal urine was drained ... | 1976 | 15889 |
| development of haemonchus contortus in vitro and the stimulus from the host. | infective larvae of haemonchus contortus which have been exposed for about 9 hr to relatively high partial pressures of carbon dioxide at near-neutral ph, as they might be in the rumen, develop slowly to the fourth stage or not at all. but following this treatment, exposure to lower partial pressures of carbon dioxide and higher concentrations of hydrogen ions, such as might be encountered in the abomasal mucosa, brings about development at a rate comparable with that in the sheep. | 1977 | 16106 |
| the development of some metabolic responses to hypoxia in the foetal sheep. | 1. foetal and maternal plasma metabolite and catecholamine concentrations have been measured in chronically catheterized sheep, 95-145 days pregnant. 2. with increasing gestational age there was rise in foetal plasma lactate, free fatty acid and ketone body concentration and in maternal plasma in free fatty acid and ketone body concentration. with the exception of alpha-amino nitrogen none of the plasma metabolites showed any correlation with foetal blood gas or ph values; alpha-amino n was inve ... | 1977 | 16124 |
| thymic hormones: biochemistry, and biological and clinical activities. | | 1977 | 17354 |
| isoelastic prostheses of the shoulder joint. 1. raw materials--instrumentation--prostheses models. | | 1977 | 18053 |
| effect of n-acetylcysteine on some aspects of cyclophosphamide-induced toxicity and immunosuppression. | | 1977 | 18149 |
| the nature of thyroxine binding to a sheep anti-l-thyroxine antibody. | | 1977 | 18401 |
| effects of trypan blue treatment on the immune responses of mice. | it has been reported that trypan blue treatment decreases the nonspecific resistance of mice to transplanted tumors and inhibits the in vitro cytotoxic activity of activated macrophages. we wished to determine whether this effect of trypan blue could be due to a selective inhibition of certain macrophage functions or whether it reflected a broader form of immunosuppression. we therefore tested the effects of trypan blue on a variety of immunological responses. treatment of mice with trypan blue ... | 1977 | 18403 |
| treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with tolmetin: a comparison with alclofenac. | a double-blind between-patient trial over 6 weeks to compare the effects of 1.6 g tolmetin daily with 4 g alclofenac daily was completed by 37 out of 44 out-patients with rheumatoid arthritis. tolmetin proved as effective as alclofenac in relieving pain and in reducing both the articular index score and the number of inflamed joints. however, alclofenac produced a significantly greater reduction in the duration of morning stiffness, which could have been related to the timing of the initial dail ... | 1976 | 19205 |
| the effect of alkali and urea on ground and pelleted all-straw diets for sheep. | | 1977 | 23538 |
| the effect of level of feeding on the extent of digestion and mean retention time of alkali-treated straw given as part of a complete diet to sheep. | | 1977 | 23540 |
| molecular mechanism of active calcium transport by sarcoplasmic reticulum. | | 1978 | 23557 |
| purification and properties of glyoxalase i from sheep liver. | | 1975 | 19241 |
| steady state and equilibrium exchange kinetic studies of the sheep brain glutamine synthetase reaction. | the kinetic mechanism of the sheep brain glutamine synthetase has been examined by both initial rate kinetics using the glutamate analog beta-glutamate and by isotope exchange measurements at equilibrium. results of the initial rate studies were compatible with a number of sequential mechanisms but not with a partially or fully ordered rapid equilibrium or a ping-pong mechanism. kinetic parameters at 37 degrees and ph 7.2 were k beta-glu = 16 mm, katp = 0.28 mm, and knh2oh = 1.4 mm. for all equi ... | 1977 | 19464 |
| the effect of beta-adrenoceptor blockade on the response to hypovolaemic stress in sheep. | | 1977 | 19586 |
| studies of the androgen binding protein in the rete testis fluid of the ram and its relation to sexual season. | an androgen binding protein (abp) with an electrophoretic mobility (rf) of 0.56 is present in the rete testis fluid of adult rams. its steroid specificity was found to be in the following order: 5alpha-dht, testosterone, oestradiol-17 beta, dehydroepiandrosterone 5beta-dht, androstenedione, cyproterone, cyproterone acetate, cortisol and progesterone. the characteristics of the abp are similar to those found for the abp of the testis and the epididymis of the rat and the rabbit. the concentration ... | 1978 | 23974 |
| gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. determination of specificity in the presence of multiple amino acid acceptors. | | 1978 | 24054 |
| thermorespiratory responses of shorn and unshorn sheep to mild heat stress. | three 3-year-old ewes with surgically exteriorized carotid loops were twice exposed to ambient temperatures (ta) of 25, 30, 35 and 40 c (at constant 40% relative humidity) for 120 min in the presence (6.6 cm) and absence (less than 0.3 cm) of fleece. thermoregulatory responses were evaluated during the last 30 min of each exposure by measurements of rectal (tre), 6 skin surface temperatures (ts), respiratory frequency (f), oxygen consumption (vo2) and respiratory evaporative heat (er); arterial ... | 1977 | 19832 |
| the metabolism of niclosamide and related compounds by moniezia expansa, ascaris lumbricoides var suum, and mouse- and sheep-liver enzymes. | 1. niclosamide and related nitro compounds were reduced to the corresponding amines by moniezia expansa, ascaris lumbricoides var suum and by enzymes prepared from these species and by mouse and sheep liver homogenates. the reduction of niclosamide by the helminths required as cofactors nadh2 and glutathione, but was inhibited 50% by 2 x 10(-7) m allopurinol. 2. unlike benzanilide, niclosamide was not hydrolysed by either the helminths, or the mammalian liver preparations. rates of hydrolysis of ... | 1977 | 19884 |
| uterine secretions in the cow and sheep. | | 1977 | 20367 |
| sites of organic acid production and patterns of digesta movement in the gastrointestinal tract of the rock hyrax. | the rock hyrax, smallest of the present day ungulates and a near relative of the elephant, has a gastrointestinal tract of such complex nature that it may be considered ccomparable to both the simple and complex stomach mammals, and also to birds. they have a stomach to body weight capacity equal to that of sheep. but for all its complexity, the passage of ingesta is reasonably rapid. however, there are three major sites of digesta retention and microbial fermentation of the ingested material. t ... | 1977 | 20487 |
| in vivo immune responses of mice during carcinogenesis by ultraviolet irradiation. | in these experiments, we tested in various in vivo assays the immune responses of inbred c3h/hen(mtv-) (c3h-) mice during carcinogenesis by chronic exposure to uv irradiation. although the uv-treated mice were unable to reject syngeneic uv-induced tumor transplants, they rejected h-2-incompatible tumor allografts and h-2-compatible skin allografts. the primary hemagglutinin response to sheep red blood cells was normal in these mice, as were the induction of a local graft-versus-host reaction wit ... | 1977 | 20514 |
| suppressive effect of newcastle disease virus on the primary and secondary immune responses of hamsters. | the effect of newcastle disease virus (ndv) on the formation of 19 s haemolytic plaque-forming cells (hpfc) in the secondary immune response and on the formation of 7 s hpfc in both primary and secondary immune responses of hamsters to sheep red blood cells (srbc) was studied. the 19 s and the 7 s hpfc in the spleens of hamsters injected with srbc were demonstrated by the direct and indirect jerne's method, repectively. a single intraperitoneal injection of ndv 5 days prior to primary immunizati ... | 1977 | 20763 |
| acid elution of blood group antibodies from intact erythrocytes. | human igm and igg antibodies against blood group antigens (a, b, d, c, c, e, e, fya, k), autoantibodies and mouse igm and igg antibodies against sheep erythrocytes have been eluted from intact human and sheep red cells by glycine-hcl buffer, ph 3.0. the yield of human antibodies was higher with acid than with heat and ether elution, and the contamination of hemoglobin in the eluate was negligible. the acid elution method is very simple and rapid and, therefore, highly suitable for experimental a ... | 1977 | 21486 |
| results of a preliminary seroepidemiological survey for crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus in egypt. | | 1978 | 25013 |
| evidence for two-step binding of reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide to aldehyde dehydrogenase. | the displacement of nadh from cytoplasmic aldehyde dehydrogenase (ec 1.2.1.3) from sheep liver was studied by using nad+, 1,10-phenanthroline, adp-ribose, deamino-nad+ and pyridine-3-aldehyde-adenine dinucleotide as displacing agents, by following the decrease in fluorescence as a function of time. the data obtained could be fitted by assuming two first-order processes were occurring, a faster process with an apparent rate constant of 0.85 +/- 0.20 s-1 and a relative amplitude of 60 +/- 10% and ... | 1977 | 21657 |
| synthesis and biological activity of ovine beta-lipotropin-(41--91)-henkaipentekontapeptide. | the 51-residue peptide ovine beta-lipotropin-(41--91) has been synthesized by the solid-phase method in about 5% overall yield. the synthetic product was characterized by partition chromatography on agarose gel, thin-layer chromatography in two solvent systems, paper electrophoresis at two ph values, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, amino acid analyses of acid and enzymic hydrolysates, and bioassay for lipolytic and melanotropic activities. the synthetic peptide is about 5.4 times as active o ... | 1978 | 25245 |
| quinonoid dihydropterin reductase from beef liver. | quinonoid dihydropterin reductase has been purified from beef liver. this enzyme has been shown to be indistinguishable from the reductase of sheep liver in molecular weight, subunit composition, and terminal residues. both beef and sheep liver reductases possess acyl isoleucine as the n-terminal residue. use of improved isolation techniques, including general ligand affinity chromatography, has yielded enzyme preparations of much higher specific activity than previously reported. affinity chrom ... | 1977 | 21726 |
| isolation-perfusion of ovine hind limbs. iii. perfusate lysine levels. | | 1977 | 21871 |
| fetal reacting bradycardia. | acute and abrupt fetal bradycardia are considered to be vagal in origin. in addition to head compression and funis compression bradycardias, we will report on those acute fetal bradycardias occurring during maternal seizures and maternal voiding, during aortocaval compression, during terminal labor, and during the immediate postpartum period. while certain mechanisms are known which can explain some or parts of these bradycardias, we conclude that in the clinical setting information is insuffici ... | 1977 | 22247 |
| cerebrocortical necrosis in ruminants: an attempt to identify the source of thiaminase in affected animals. | | 1977 | 22559 |
| metabolic effects of constant hypertonic glucose infusion in well-oxygenated fetuses. | in order to investigate the metabolic effects of a constant hypertonic glucose infusion in well-oxygenated fetuses, ten experiments were carried out in nine long-term experiments in fetal lambs. it appeared that a constant hypertonic glucose infusion did not significantly affect the fetal blood gases, ph, and plasma lactate levels when fetal glucose was kept below 150 mg. per 100 ml. it was also demonstrated that glucose infusions significantly increased the fetal lactate levels and decreased th ... | 1978 | 23007 |
| evidence for two types of non-specific suppressor cells activated by the graft-versus-host reaction in mice. | in vitro experiments were carried out to investigate the immunosuppressive efect of different populations of spleen cells obtained from animal experiencing a graft-versus-host reaction (gvhr). to induce the gvhr, parental lymphoid cells were injected into adult f1 hybrid mice. gvhr-activated spleen cells (gvh-sc) taken at different times post-gvhr induction were separated into adherent and non-adherent fractions and treated with anti-theta serum plus complement. the different types of gvh-sc wer ... | 1978 | 26111 |
| pre-steady-state kinetic studies on cytoplasmic sheep liver aldehyde dehydrogenase. | stopped-flow experiments in which sheep liver cytoplasmic aldehyde dehydrogenase (ec 1.2.1.3) was rapidly mixed with nad(+) and aldehyde showed a burst of nadh formation, followed by a slower steady-state turnover. the kinetic data obtained when the relative concentrations and orders of mixing of nad(+) and propionaldehyde with the enzyme were varied were fitted to the following mechanism: formula: see text where the release of nadh is slow. by monitoring the quenching of protein fluorescence on ... | 1977 | 23112 |
| inhibition of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase by cystamine: an approach to a therapy of 5-oxoprolinuria (pyroglutamic aciduria). | | 1977 | 23121 |
| gentamicin-blood agar for isolation of streptococcus pneumoniae from respiratory secretions. | previous studies have suggested that the yield of streptococcus pneumoniae from respiratory secretions can be increased by using a 5% sheep blood agar plate supplemented with 5 microgram of gentamicin (gba) per ml. we report our experience with 245 lower respiratory specimens in which this method was compared with 5% sheep blood agar (sba) alone. of 35 specimens with growth of s. pneumoniae on either plate, 21 were detected exclusively on sba, whereas only 3 were detected on gba alone (p less th ... | 1978 | 26693 |
| resistance to haemonchus contortus in sheep given repeated daily doses of 10 000 infective larvae. | | 1978 | 26700 |
| an in vitro study of functional maturation of murine thymus cells. | critical time of onset of thymus cell functions in ontogeny was studied in vitro. collaborative function in an antibody response and ability to induce a graft-versus-host (gvh) response by murine thymocytes from different stages of ontogeny were investigated. thymocytes from as early as 16-day mouse embryos were capable of collaborating in the antibody response to sheep-erythrocyte-antigen in vitro following 24 h of pretreatment with concanavalin a (con a). by contrast, maturation of thymus cell ... | 1977 | 23333 |
| fetal hypertension and the development of increased pulmonary vascular smooth muscle: a possible mechanism for persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn infant. | chronic pulmonary arterial hypertension was produced in six fetal lambs. in four (126 to 139 days' gestation) unilateral fetal renal artery constriction caused systemic arterial mean blood pressure elevations. in another fetus, constriction of the umbilical artery caused a systemic mean blood pressure elevation; in the sixth, partial occlusion of the ductus arteriosus caused isolated pulmonary arterial hypertension. the right lung of each fetus was perfused with fixative at the in vivo mean arte ... | 1978 | 23421 |
| acid-base indices in ovine blood and cerebrospinal fluid. | by means of the astrup apparatus (blood microsystem bms 2) acid-base indices in blood and cerebro-spinal fluid of clinically healthy merino sheep at the age of one year (15 head) and of two or three years (41 head) were determined. blood collected anaerobically from v. jugularis and liquor collected by means of the suboccipital punction in heparinized syringes and/or caplaris and liquor collected by means of the suboccipital punction in heparinized syringes and/or capillaries were examined immed ... | 1977 | 23602 |
| drugs affecting the release of rheumatoid factor in a plaque-forming cell assay. | addition of propranolol to the agarose phase of a plaque-forming cell (pfc) assay for rheumatoid factor (rf) caused reduction in the number of plaques seen. this reduction in rheumatoid factor plaque-forming cell (rf pfc) did not depend upon an effect at the beta-adrenergic receptor, since d- and 1-propranolol reduced equally well. furthermore, in a series of polycyclic compounds with varying beta-receptor blocking capabilities there was no agreement between plaque reduction and blocking. when p ... | 1978 | 23788 |
| measurement of cerebral blood flow in the fetal lamb with a note on the flow-distribution. | the cerebral blood flow was measured in the acutely exteriorized fetal lamb by 133xenon washout and microsphere distribution techniques. the measurements were performed at different blood gas levels. regional cerebral blood flow was calculated from the microsphere distribution for five different parts of the brain. this gave estimates for blood flow in both the grey and white matter of the hemispheres, which were in close agreement with the cerebral blood flow estimated by the 133xe washout tech ... | 1978 | 27060 |
| placental transfer of lidocaine: effects of fetal acidosis. | to investigate whether fetal acidosis increases the placental transfer of lidocaine, resulting in higher fetal blood levels of the drug, lidocaine was infused intravenously into ten pregnant ewes to maintain plasma levels of 2-4 microgram/ml. after maternal-fetal equilibrium was reached, the fetus was made acidotic by infusing lactic acid intravenously. fetal blood ph decreased from 7.35 to 7.10. with fetal acidemia, fetal blood lidocaine levels increased significantly from 1.60 +/- 0.11 microgr ... | 1978 | 27131 |
| purification and partial characterization of rat brain acid proteinase (isorenin). | 1. isorenin was purified 2000-fold from rat brain by a simple 3-step procedure involving affinity chromatography on pepstatinyl-sepharose, the preparation appears as a homogenous protein in analytical polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis indicated an apparent molecular weight of 45 000. isoelectric focusing separated isoenzymes with isoelectric points at ph 5.45, 5.87, 6.16 and 7.05. 2. the enzyme generates antiotensin i from tetradecapeptide (ph optimum ... | 1978 | 23850 |
| red cell oxygen affinity in fetal sheep: role of 2,3-dpg and adult hemoglobin. | studies were carried out during fetal life in sheep to determine the relationship of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (dpg), the intracellular red cell and extracellular ph, and the switchover to adult hemoglobin synthesis in regulating the position of the fetal red cell oxygen-affinity curve in utero. adult hemoglobin first appeared near 120 days of gestation. the mean oxygen tension at which hemoglobin is half saturated (p50) prior to 120 days of gestation remained constant at 13.9 +/- 0.3 (sd) torr and ... | 1978 | 27486 |
| inhibition of hydrochloric acid and pepsin secretion from gastric pouches by antral pouch acidification in sheep. | 1. secretion of acid and pepsin from separated pouches of the body of the abomasum was studied in sheep during perfusion of antral pouches with acid solutions. 2. resting secretion of acid and pepsin was reduced by acidification of antral pouches to ph 2.7 or less. 3. increases in the secretion of hcl and pepsin normally obtained on feeding were reduced or abolished by perfusion of antral pouches with solutions at ph 1.3--2.0. 4. perfusion of antral pouches with acetylcholine at ph 2.5 failed to ... | 1977 | 24114 |
| activities of ketone body utilising enzymes in tissues of fed and fasted sheep. | the activities of 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, 3-ketoacid coa-transferase and acetyl-coa acetyltransferase have been measured in the kidney, heart and brain of fed and four-day fasted ewes. the results indicate tha there is a decrease in the capacity of these organs to catabolise ketone bodies in fasting ketosis. | 1978 | 24243 |
| the efficiency of diamphenethide in controlling natural infestations of fasciola hepatica in lambs. | the activity of diamphenethide against natural infestations of fasciola hepatica in fattening lambs was assessed on a farm with a noted history of fascioliasis. the main experimental groups, two treated and one control, grazed known contaminated pastures for a twelve week period after which they were removed to fluke-free areas to await slaughter. three groups of four tracer lambs were each grazed for three successive four week periods with the main flock to determine continuity of infection. a ... | 1978 | 24284 |
| development of neurohumoral control of fetal, neonatal, and adult cardiovascular functions. | neurohumoral control of fetal, neonatal, and adult cardiovascular functions have been reviewed. resting fetal heart rate remains fairly constant but neonatal heart rate declines progressively, reaching adult levels within six to eight weeks; systemic arterial pressure rises while pulmonary pressure falls to adult levels within the first week after birth. sympathetic and parasympathetic control of circulatory functions matures at different rates during fetal and neonatal development; the sympathe ... | 1977 | 24341 |
| purification and properties of an nadph-dependent 21-oxo-20-hydroxysteroid reductase (17beta-aldol reductase) from sheep liver. isolation of the 20beta-glycol product. | this investigation was undertaken to test the hypothesis that steroidal 20-hydroxy-21-aldehydes are intermediates in an alternative pathway of corticosteroid metabolism leading to steroidal 20,21-diols. a nadph-dependent 21-oxo-20-hydroxysteroid reductase which catalyzed the reduction of 11beta,17,20beta-trihydroxy-3-keto-4-pregnen-21-al (isocortisol) to 11beta,17,20beta,21-tetrahydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (reichstein's compound e) was prepared from sheep liver. other steroidal 17-aldols were also g ... | 1978 | 24635 |
| chloride conductance of the amphiuma red cell membrane. | like most other red cells, the giant erythrocytes of amphiuma means possess a system for rapid exchange of chloride across the membrane. also, there are indications that the net transport of chloride in these cells is slow. the size of amphiuma erythrocytes allows direct measurements of membrane potential with microelectrodes. the present work exploits the possibility that such measurements can be used to give a quantitative estimate of the chloride conductance (gcl) of the amphiuma red cell mem ... | 1978 | 24748 |
| intensity of acid-base reactions of the blood and cerebrospinal fluid in sheep after intraluminal stress induced by urea and acetic acid. | acid-base indices of the blood and cerebro-spinal fluid were studied on astrup apparatus (bms 2) in an experiment with twelve, two- to three-year-old merino sheep, being in the first half of the gravidity period, under clinical conditions after the administration of 0.8 g urea per 1 kg live weight followed by, in half an hour, the administration of acetic acid (8% vinegar, a dose of 2 ml per 1 kg live weight). heparinized syringes were used to take blood samples anaerobically before the beginnin ... | 1978 | 24917 |
| cytochemical localization of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in human spermatozoa--ii. significance of the coenzyme. | | 1977 | 25136 |
| effect of diamfenetide on experimental infections of fasciola hepatica in lambs: anthelmintic and clinical investigations. | the activity of diamfenetide (n,n'-oxybis(2,1-ethan diyloxy-4,1-phenylene) bis acetamide) was studied in lambs experimentally inoculated with fasciola hepatica. the drug was given orally at a dose level of 100 mg/kg either 1,3,5,7, or 9 weeks postinoculation. it was 100% effective 1, 3, and 5 weeks postinoculation, 73% effective 7 weeks postinoculation, and 57% effective 9 weeks postinoculation. serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity remained normal in all lambs for 5 weeks after infection ... | 1978 | 25319 |
| effect of liver microsome enzyme-inducing drugs on blood serum pentobarbital clearance and sleep time in sheep and rabbits. | sheep were administered phenobarbital, diphenylhydantoin, chlorcyclizine, or phenylbutazone over 27 days. rabbits were administered phenobarbital, diphenylhydantoin, or chlorcyclizine for 15 days. after the last treatment, pentobarbital was administered intravenously, and measurements were made of sleep time and blood serum pentobarbital concentrations over a 2-hour period. treatment of ewes with phenobarbital or phenylbutazone increased the rate of pentobarbital clearance from the circulation a ... | 1978 | 25602 |
| a contribution to the biology of dicrocoelium hospes looss, 1907 (trematoda, dicrocoeliidae). | in this study, carried out in the ivory coast, dicrocoelium hospes looss, 1907 was shown for the first time to be a parasite of cattle and it was also detected in sheep by the presence of ova in the faeces. up to 50% of the sheep in some flocks were found to shed eggs. the adults, sporocysts, "slime balls" and cercariae of d. hospes are described and compared to the respective stages of d. dendriticum. this comparison shows that essential morphological structures are very similar, especially the ... | 1978 | 28656 |
| the effects of maternal hyperthermia on maternal and fetal cardiovascular and respiratory function. | | 1978 | 28669 |
| persistent pulmonary hypertension in the neonate: development of an animal model. | chronic intrauterine hypoxia was induced in third-trimester lamb fetuses by daily embolization of the maternal side of the placenta with nonradioactive microspheres. after delivery at term, the chronically hypoxic fetuses had significantly increased pulmonary artery pressures when compared to nonhypoxic control measurements. this preparation appears to be a satisfactory model for experimental study of persistent pulmonary hypertension in the neonate. | 1978 | 28670 |
| cytochemical demonstration of esterases in peripheral blood leukocytes. | cytochemical methods for alpha naphthyl acetate esterase and chloroacetate esterase have been used to identify human monocytes and granulocytes. in this study, a standard procedure for staining alpha naphthyl acetate and chloroacetate esterase activities was modified by extending the range of ph of the incubation mixture and the duration of staining and was applied to cat, dog, goat, guinea pig, hamster, human, pig, rabbit, rat, and sheep leukocytes. the results for both enzymes showed (1) incub ... | 1978 | 25603 |
| a simple method to determine gammaglutamyl-cyclotransferase activity in erythrocytes. | a new method for the determination of erythrocyte gammagct is described. the method follows the release of alanine from gammaglutamyl alanine by a series of linked reactions that result in the oxidation of nadh to nad. the ph optimum for human erythrocyte gammagct was found to be 9.0, and the km for gammaglutamyl alanine was found to be 2.3 x 10(-3) m. human erythrocytes had the highest activity of all the species studied (human, rabbit, dog, sheep, cattle, chicken). | 1978 | 22573 |
| influence of mild acid hydrolysis on the antigenic properties of phase i coxiella burnetii. | mild acid hydrolysis of phase i coxiella burnetii cells gradually cleaved off polysaccharide chains, which contain determinants of antigen 1, thus unmasking determinants of the diagnostically important antigen 2. this artificial phase i to phase ii conversion was reflected by changed serological activity in the complement-fixation (cf) test and by changed nonspecific phagocytosis. the product of mild acid hydrolysis can serve as a complex diagnostic preparation, because it reacts in the cf test ... | 1978 | 29469 |
| a laser light-scattering study of haemoglobin systems. | | 1977 | 22857 |
| a possible transepithelial pathway via endoplasmic reticulum in foetal sheep choroid plexus. | | 1977 | 22861 |
| hepatic ketone-body metabolism in developing sheep and pregnant ewes. | | 1978 | 29658 |
| redistribution of hydrogen ion and chloride, and water shift across the red cell membrane of human and ruminant blood with changes in oxygen saturation. | | 1978 | 30065 |
| tissue and blood distribution of gamma-glutamyl transferase in the lamb and in the ewe. | gamma-glutamyl transferase distribution was studied in 10 ewes and 10 lambs; in both groups kidney was the most active organ, followed by pancreas, liver and lungs. in kidney and liver, ggt was bound mainly to cellular structures. blood ggt activity of 48 lambs was 44 +/- 11 iu/litre and 33 +/- 7 iu/litre of 45 ewes. | 1978 | 30124 |
| hemoglobin-ligand interaction in fetal and maternal sheep blood. | hemoglobin-ligand interaction was studied in maternal and fetal sheep blood as a function of oxygen saturation. ph was changed by varying co2 concentration (co2 bohr effect) or by addition of naoh or hcl at constant pco2 (fixed acid bohr effect). for maternal blood, co2 bohr factor was -0.41 at 50% oxygen saturation, increasing in magnitude at lower saturation and decreasing in magnitude at higher saturation. for fetal blood, co2 bohr factor was -0.45 at 50% oxygen saturation, unchanging at lowe ... | 1978 | 30129 |
| oxygen affinity in the blood of sheep. | the oxygen affinity in the blood of adult dorset sheep with hbb was studied by determining several oxygen equilibrium curves under different conditions of ph and pco2 by a method that allowed strict control of ph, pco2, and hco3- concentration over the entire curve. nomograms and equations were derived that allowed the estimation of the oxygen saturation in a sample of blood in the range 0 to 100%, either from ph, pco2 and po2, or from po2 and known p50. the advantage of this approach is that no ... | 1978 | 30131 |
| low-frequency positive pressure ventilation with extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal (lfppv-ecco2r): an experimental study. | we describe a new form of mechanical pulmonary ventilation, low-frequency positive pressure ventilation with extracorporeal co2 removal (leppv-ecco2r). in a series of animal studies the rate of mechanical ventilation was 0.66, 1, 2, and 4 min-1 at a tidal volume of 3, 10, and 15 ml kg-1. we were able to maintain normal blood gases and normal lung volumes and lung mechanics even at the lowest ventilator rate with tidal volumes of 10 or 15 ml kg-1. each experiment lasted 7 hours. our data suggest ... | 1978 | 30341 |
| symposium on freezing of gametes and spermatozoa-synopsis papers. | | 1978 | 30594 |
| the passage of nitrogenous compounds through the wall of perfused sheep rumen (author's transl). | experiments were performed by the method of the extracorporeal perfusion of sheep rumen lasting 150 minutes. after 60 minutes of perfusion, 20 g of enzymatic casein hydrolyzate were applied to the rumen. ammonia, urea, and total nitrogen were determined in the samples of perfusate, and ammonia and ph were determined in the rumen content. considerable amounts of ammonia accumulated in the perfusate in the course of the experiment. at the end of perfusion, the concentration of nh3-n reached an ave ... | 1977 | 22950 |
| deacylation of acetyl-coenzyme a and acetylcarnitine by liver preparations. | the breakdown of acetylcarnitine catalysed by extracts of rat and sheep liver was completely abolished by sephadex g-25 gel filtration, whereas the hydrolysis of acetyl-coa was unaffected. acetyl-coa and coa acted catalytically in restoring the ability of sephadex-treated extracts to break down acetylcarnitine, which was therefore not due to an acetylcarnitine hydrolase but to the sequential action of carnitine acetyltransferase and acetyl-coa hydrolase. some 75% of the acetyl-coa hydrolase acti ... | 1978 | 26333 |
| pituitary responsiveness following infusion or repeated injections of [d-leu6, des gly-nh210]-lhrh-ethylamide in prepubertal ewes. | | 1978 | 30744 |
| lipoxygenation activity of purified prostaglandin-forming cyclooxygenase. | purified cyclooxygenase, a single enzyme which catalyzes the formation of endoperoxide from arachidonic acid (20:4) in a bis(dioxygenase) reaction, is capable of oxygenating eicosadienoic acid (20:2) at c-11 in a single dioxygenase reaction. the partial oxygenation of 20:2 resembles the formation of prostaglandin from 20:4, with both oxygenation reactions exhibiting similar ph optima, substrate km values, and cofactor effects including a need for peroxide and an absolute requirement for heme. in ... | 1978 | 26389 |