| the origin and genetic relationships of the baikal seal, phoca sibirica, by restriction analysis of mitochondrial dna. | the origin and genetic relationships of the baikal seal, phoca sibirica, were studied by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of mitochondrial dna (mtdna). using 17 different six-base recognition restriction endonucleases, we examined 98 baikal seals, and two other related species, the ringed seal, p. hispida, (n=87), and the caspian seal, p. caspica, (n=94). analysis revealed the existence of 87 mtdna haplotypes in the total of 279 specimens. the haplotypes of each species were div ... | 2003 | 14624043 |
| temporal trends of mercury in marine biota of west and northwest greenland. | temporal trends in mercury concentrations ([hg]) during the last two to three decades were determined in liver of shorthorn sculpin, ringed seal and atlantic walrus from northwest greenland (nwg, 77 degrees n) and in liver of shorthorn sculpin and ringed seal from central west greenland (cwg, 69 degrees n) during the last decade. stable-nitrogen (delta(15)n) and carbon (delta(13)c) isotope values were determined in muscle of ringed seals to provide insight into potential trophic level changes th ... | 2007 | 17049950 |
| persistent organic pollutants in alaskan ringed seal (phoca hispida) and walrus (odobenus rosmarus) blubber. | since 1987, the alaska marine mammal tissue archival project (ammtap) has collected tissues from 18 marine mammal species. specimens are archived in the national institute of standards and technology's national biomonitoring specimen bank (nist-nbsb). ammtap has collected blubber, liver and/or kidney specimens from a number of ringed seals (phoca hispida) from the areas near nome and barrow, alaska and walruses (odobenus rosmarus) from several locations in the bering sea. thirty-three ringed sea ... | 2006 | 16896468 |
| can seal eating explain elevated levels of pcbs and organochlorine pesticides in walrus blubber from eastern hudson bay (canada)? | walrus (odobenus rosmarus) blubber samples from inukjuak and akulivik (east hudson bay), foxe basin (igloolik and hall beach) and loks land (east baffin island) were analysed for pcb congeners (ortho and non-ortho substituted) and other persistent organochlorines (ddt, toxaphene, chlordanes, dieldrin, mirex), as well as chlorinated dioxins/furans, to document spatial trends in contaminants in canadian arctic marine biota. samples from 19 of 53 individuals had concentrations of sigmapcbs greater ... | 1995 | 15091467 |
| the muscles of mastication in the caspian seal (phoca caspica). | the muscles of mastication and their related skull characters in the caspian seal (phoca caspica) were anatomically examined and compared with those of the baikal (phoca sibirica) and ringed (phoca hispida) seals. a well-developed masseter muscle was observed in the caspian seal, whereas the temporal muscle consisted of thin bundles. the skull of the caspian seal possessed the same thin frontal bone and the dorso-ventrally developed zygomatic arch found in the baikal seal that are required to in ... | 2002 | 12484416 |
| rare earth elements in freshwater, marine, and terrestrial ecosystems in the eastern canadian arctic. | few ecotoxicological studies exist for rare earth elements (rees), particularly field-based studies on their bioaccumulation and food web dynamics. ree mining has led to significant environmental impacts in several countries (china, brazil, u.s.), yet little is known about the fate and transport of these contaminants of emerging concern. northern ecosystems are potentially vulnerable to ree enrichment from prospective mining projects at high latitudes. to understand how rees behave in remote nor ... | 2017 | 28879355 |
| long-term ecological changes in marine mammals driven by recent warming in northwestern alaska. | carbon and nitrogen isotope analyses were performed on marine mammal bone collagen from three archaeological sites (a.d. 1170-1813) on cape espenberg (kotzebue sound, northwestern alaska) as well as modern animals harvested from the same area to examine long-term trends in foraging ecology and sea ice productivity. we observed significant and dramatic changes in ringed seal stable isotope values between the early 19(th) and early 21(st) centuries, likely due to changing sea ice productivity and ... | 2017 | 28850766 |
| risk-benefit assessment of monomethylmercury and omega-3 fatty acid intake for ringed seal consumption with particular emphasis on vulnerable populations in the western canadian arctic. | many northern inuit communities rely on traditional food as major source of nourishment. an essential part of the traditional arctic diet is marine mammals such as ringed seals or beluga. being top predators, these animals are often highly contaminated with various toxins. in contrast, some tissues of marine mammals are also characterized by high amounts of n3-pufas (omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids). here, we try to balance the risks associated with the consumption of different tissue types ... | 2017 | 28798916 |
| an arctic predator-prey system in flux: climate change impacts on coastal space use by polar bears and ringed seals. | climate change is impacting different species at different rates, leading to alterations in biological interactions with ramifications for wider ecosystem functioning. understanding these alterations can help improve predictive capacity and inform management efforts designed to mitigate against negative impacts. we investigated how the movement and space use patterns of polar bears (ursus maritimus) in coastal areas in svalbard, norway, have been altered by a sudden decline in sea ice that occur ... | 2017 | 28415134 |
| the influence of temporally varying noise from seismic air guns on the detection of underwater sounds by seals. | standard audiometric data are often applied to predict how noise influences hearing. with regard to auditory masking, critical ratios-obtained using tonal signals and flat-spectrum maskers-can be combined with noise spectral density levels derived from 1/3-octave band levels to predict signal amplitudes required for detection. however, the efficacy of this conventional model of masking may vary based on features of the signal and noise in question. the ability of resource managers to quantify ma ... | 2017 | 28253692 |
| de novo assembly of the ringed seal (pusa hispida) blubber transcriptome: a tool that enables identification of molecular health indicators associated with pcb exposure. | the ringed seal, pusa hispida, is a keystone species in the arctic marine ecosystem, and is proving a useful marine mammal for linking polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) exposure to toxic injury. we report here the first de novo assembled transcriptome for the ringed seal (342,863 transcripts, of which 53% were annotated), which we then applied to a population of ringed seals exposed to a local pcb source in arctic labrador, canada. we found an indication of energy metabolism imbalance in local ring ... | 2017 | 28187360 |
| demographic, ecological, and physiological responses of ringed seals to an abrupt decline in sea ice availability. | to assess whether demographic declines of arctic species at the southern limit of their range will be gradual or punctuated, we compared large-scale environmental patterns including sea ice dynamics to ringed seal (pusa hispida) reproduction, body condition, recruitment, and stress in hudson bay from 2003 to 2013. aerial surveys suggested a gradual decline in seal density from 1995 to 2013, with the lowest density occurring in 2013. body condition decreased and stress (cortisol) increased over t ... | 2017 | 28168119 |
| impacts of decline harvest of country food on nutrient intake among inuit in arctic canada: impact of climate change and possible adaptation plan. | background the pervasive food insecurity and the diet transition away from local, nutrient-rich country foods present a public health challenge among inuit living in the canadian arctic. while environmental factors such as climate change decreased the accessibility and availability of many country food species, new species were introduced into regions where they were previously unavailable. an adaptation such as turning to alternate country food species can be a viable solution to substitute for ... | 2016 | 28156428 |
| spatial and temporal trends of alternative flame retardants and polybrominated diphenyl ethers in ringed seals (phoca hispida) across the canadian arctic. | concentrations of alternative flame retardants and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) were analyzed in ringed seal (phoca hispida) blubber collected across the canadian arctic during subsistence hunts between 1998 and 2013. more than 80% of sampled animals were females and juvenile males. the highest mean σpbde concentrations (sum of 13 congeners) were found in seals from nain (nunatsiavut) as well as inukjuaq and arviat (hudson bay) and the lowest mean levels were found in seals from lancas ... | 2017 | 28131476 |
| risk of pop mixtures on the arctic food chain. | the exposure of the arctic ecosystem to persistent organic pollutants (pops) was assessed through a review of literature data. concentrations of 19 chemicals or congeneric groups were estimated for the highest levels of the arctic food chain (arctic cod, ringed seals, and polar bears). the ecotoxicological risk for seals, bears, and bear cubs was estimated by applying the concentration addition (ca) concept. the risk of pop mixtures was very low in seals. by contrast, the risk was 2 orders of ma ... | 2017 | 28054401 |
| effects of decomposition on carbon and nitrogen stable isotope values of muscle tissue of varying lipid content from three aquatic vertebrate species. | stable isotopes are a prominent tool in animal ecology where data is obtained from analyzing animal tissues, which are typically stored prior to analysis. however, the effect of decomposition on the reliability of stable isotope ratios from animal tissue prior to storage has been seldom studied. here, we examine the long-term effects of freezing and decomposition of animal tissue on δ(13) c and δ(15) n values across three different aquatic species of varying lipid content. | 2017 | 27943476 |
| immunomodulatory effects of exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and perfluoroalkyl acids in east greenland ringed seals (pusa hispida). | to better elucidate the potential immune-related health effects of exposure to environmentally persistent organic pollutants (pop), such as polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) and perfluoroalkyl substances (pfass), in ringed seals (pusa hispida), a sentinel arctic species, we assessed 1) associations between mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation and in vivo tissue contaminant burdens, and 2) the concentration-response effects of in vitro exposure to pfass and pcb congeners on mitogen-induced lym ... | 2016 | 27504872 |
| impacts of decline harvest of country food on nutrient intake among inuit in arctic canada: impact of climate change and possible adaptation plan. | the pervasive food insecurity and the diet transition away from local, nutrient-rich country foods present a public health challenge among inuit living in the canadian arctic. while environmental factors such as climate change decreased the accessibility and availability of many country food species, new species were introduced into regions where they were previously unavailable. an adaptation such as turning to alternate country food species can be a viable solution to substitute for the nutrie ... | 2016 | 27388896 |
| mercury diminishes the cardiovascular protective effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the modern diet of inuit in canada. | inuit in canada have low reported incidence of myocardial infarction (mi) because of their traditional rich n-3 fatty acids marine diet. they are experiencing rapid nutrition transition and ischemic heart disease is now becoming a health concern. | 2017 | 27297029 |
| spatial and temporal trends in perfluoroalkyl substances (pfass) in ringed seals (pusa hispida) from svalbard. | this study investigates concentrations of perfluoroalkyl carboxylates (pfcas), perfluoroalkyl sulfonates (pfsas) and perfluoroalkane sulfonamides (fasa) in plasma from ringed seals sampled in the period 1990-2010 (n = 71) in svalbard, norway. perfluorooctane sulfonate was dominant among the perfluoroalkyl substances. pfcas were dominated by perfluoroundecanoate followed by perfluorononanoate. c4c8 pfcas and perfluorooctane sulfonamide (fosa) were detected in ≤42% of the samples. pfsa and pfca co ... | 2016 | 27089420 |
| current-use pesticides in seawater and their bioaccumulation in polar bear-ringed seal food chains of the canadian arctic. | the distribution of current-use pesticides (cups) in seawater and their trophodynamics were investigated in 3 canadian arctic marine food chains. the greatest ranges of dissolved-phase concentrations in seawater for each cup were endosulfan sulfate (less than method detection limit (mdl) to 19 pg l(-1) ) > dacthal (0.76-15 pg l(-1) ) > chlorpyrifos (less than mdl to 8.1 pg l(-1) ) > pentachloronitrobenzene (less than mdl to 2.6 pg l(-1) ) > α-endosulfan (0.20-2.3 pg l(-1) ). bioaccumulation fact ... | 2016 | 27027986 |
| ringed seal search for global optimization via a sensitive search model. | the efficiency of a metaheuristic algorithm for global optimization is based on its ability to search and find the global optimum. however, a good search often requires to be balanced between exploration and exploitation of the search space. in this paper, a new metaheuristic algorithm called ringed seal search (rss) is introduced. it is inspired by the natural behavior of the seal pup. this algorithm mimics the seal pup movement behavior and its ability to search and choose the best lair to esc ... | 2016 | 26790131 |
| macroscopic anatomy of the saimaa ringed seal (phoca hispida saimensis) lower respiratory tract. | we studied the macroscopic anatomy of the lower respiratory tract of the endangered saimaa ringed seal (phoca hispida saimensis). examination of one adult and one young individual found dead showed that trachea had 85 and 86 complete cartilage rings. the adjacent cartilages exhibited very few random anastomoses. there was variation in the confirmation of the trachea between the cranial and caudal part of the trachea. the right lung was divided by partly incomplete inter-lobar fissures into crani ... | 2016 | 26766601 |
| mercury and cadmium in ringed seals in the canadian arctic: influence of location and diet. | concentrations of total mercury (thg) and total cadmium (tcd) were determined in muscle and liver of ringed seals (pusa hispida) from up to 14 locations across the canadian arctic. location, trophic position (tp) and relative carbon source best predicted the thg and tcd concentrations in ringed seals. thg concentrations in ringed seals were highest in the western canadian arctic (beaufort sea), whereas tcd was highest in the eastern canadian arctic (hudson bay and labrador). a positive relations ... | 2016 | 26760271 |
| predictions replaced by facts: a keystone species' behavioural responses to declining arctic sea-ice. | since the first documentation of climate-warming induced declines in arctic sea-ice, predictions have been made regarding the expected negative consequences for endemic marine mammals. but, several decades later, little hard evidence exists regarding the responses of these animals to the ongoing environmental changes. herein, we report the first empirical evidence of a dramatic shift in movement patterns and foraging behaviour of the arctic endemic ringed seal (pusa hispida), before and after a ... | 2015 | 26582841 |
| identifying foraging habitats of baltic ringed seals using movement data. | identification of key foraging habitats of aquatic top predators is essential for designing effective management and conservation strategies. the baltic ringed seal (phoca hispida botnica) interacts with anthropogenic activities and knowledge of its spatial ecology is needed for planning population management and mitigating interactions with coastal fisheries. we investigated habitat use and foraging habitats of ringed seals (n = 26) with satellite telemetry in the northern baltic sea during aut ... | 2015 | 26401285 |
| hg stable isotope time trend in ringed seals registers decreasing sea ice cover in the alaskan arctic. | decadal time trends of mercury (hg) concentrations in arctic biota suggest that anthropogenic hg is not the single dominant factor modulating hg exposure to arctic wildlife. here, we present hg speciation (monomethyl-hg) and stable isotopic composition (c, n, hg) of 53 alaskan ringed seal liver samples covering a period of 14 years (1988-2002). in vivo metabolic effects and foraging ecology explain most of the observed 1.6 ‰ variation in liver δ(202)hg, but not δ(199)hg. ringed seal habitat use ... | 2015 | 26132925 |
| enhanced biological processes associated with alopecia in polar bears (ursus maritimus). | populations of wildlife species worldwide experience incidents of mass morbidity and mortality. primary or secondary drivers of these events may escape classical detection methods for identifying microbial insults, toxin exposure, or additional stressors. in 2012, 28% of polar bears sampled in a study in the southern beaufort sea region of alaska had varying degrees of alopecia that was concomitant with reduced body condition. concurrently, elevated numbers of sick or dead ringed seals were dete ... | 2015 | 26005754 |
| local contamination, and not feeding preferences, explains elevated pcb concentrations in labrador ringed seals (pusa hispida). | polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) in high trophic level species typically reflect the contributions of myriad sources, such that source apportionment is rarely possible. the release of pcbs by a military radar station into saglek bay, labrador contaminated the local marine food web. for instance, while heavier (higher chlorinated) pcb profiles in some ringed seals (pusa hispida) were previously attributed to this local source, differences in feeding preferences among seals could not be ruled out ... | 2015 | 25725460 |
| demographic histories and genetic diversities of fennoscandian marine and landlocked ringed seal subspecies. | island populations are on average smaller, genetically less diverse, and at a higher risk to go extinct than mainland populations. low genetic diversity may elevate extinction probability, but the genetic component of the risk can be affected by the mode of diversity loss, which, in turn, is connected to the demographic history of the population. here, we examined the history of genetic erosion in three fennoscandian ringed seal subspecies, of which one inhabits the baltic sea 'mainland' and two ... | 2014 | 25535558 |
| satellite telemetry informs pcb source apportionment in a mobile, high trophic level marine mammal: the ringed seal (pusa hispida). | marine mammals are typically poor indicators of point sources of environmental contaminants as a consequence of their often complex feeding ecologies and extensive movements, all of which mask the contributions of specific inputs. the release of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) by a military radar station into saglek bay, labrador (canada) has contaminated marine sediments, bottom-feeding fish, seabirds, and some ringed seals, but attributing the pcbs in the latter highly mobile animals to this ... | 2014 | 25314596 |
| pcb related effects thresholds as derived through gene transcript profiles in locally contaminated ringed seals (pusa hispida). | causal evidence linking toxic injury to polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) exposure is typically confounded by the complexity of real-world contaminant mixtures to which aquatic wildlife are exposed. a local pcb "hotspot" on the labrador coast provided a rare opportunity to evaluate the effects of pcbs on the health of a marine mammal as this chemical dominated their persistent organic pollutant (pop) burdens. the release of approximately 260 kg of pcbs by a military radar facility over a 30 year pe ... | 2014 | 25286162 |
| causes and consequences of fine-scale population structure in a critically endangered freshwater seal. | small, genetically uniform populations may face an elevated risk of extinction due to reduced environmental adaptability and individual fitness. fragmentation can intensify these genetic adversities and, therefore, dispersal and gene flow among subpopulations within an isolated population is often essential for maintaining its viability. using microsatellite and mtdna data, we examined genetic diversity, spatial differentiation, interregional gene flow, and effective population sizes in the crit ... | 2014 | 25005257 |
| mercury in the marine environment of the canadian arctic: review of recent findings. | this review summarizes data and information which have been generated on mercury (hg) in the marine environment of the canadian arctic since the previous canadian arctic contaminants assessment report (cacar) was released in 2003. much new information has been collected on hg concentrations in marine water, snow and ice in the canadian arctic. the first measurements of methylation rates in arctic seawater indicate that the water column is an important site for hg methylation. arctic marine water ... | 2015 | 24953756 |
| mercury and selenium balance in endangered saimaa ringed seal depend on age and sex. | the endangered saimaa ringed seal (pusa hispida saimensis) is exposed to relatively high concentrations of mercury (hg) in freshwaters poor in selenium (se), a known antagonist of hg. the impact of age and sex on the bioaccumulation of hg and se was studied by analyzing liver, muscle, and hair samples from seals of different age groups. adult females were found to accumulate significantly more hg in the liver (with ca. 60% as hgse), and less hg in the muscles compared to adult males, which may b ... | 2015 | 26372071 |
| spatial and temporal variation of an ice-adapted predator's feeding ecology in a changing arctic marine ecosystem. | spatial and temporal variation can confound interpretations of relationships within and between species in terms of diet composition, niche size, and trophic position (tp). the cause of dietary variation within species is commonly an ontogenetic niche shift, which is a key dynamic influencing community structure. we quantified spatial and temporal variations in ringed seal (pusa hispida) diet, niche size, and tp during ontogeny across the arctic-a rapidly changing ecosystem. stable carbon and ni ... | 2016 | 26210748 |
| transplacental transfer of polychlorinated biphenyls, polybrominated diphenylethers, and organochlorine pesticides in ringed seals (pusa hispida). | the transplacental transfer of persistent organic pollutants in marine mammals takes place at a formative developmental period, thereby exposing the fetus to endocrine-disrupting compounds. we evaluated the transplacental transfer of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs), polybrominated diphenylethers (pbdes), and organochlorine pesticides (ocps) in five pregnant ringed seals in northern labrador, canada. pcbs, pbdes, and ocps were transferred from the mother to the fetus with average concentrations ... | 2016 | 26142122 |
| linking climate trends to population dynamics in the baltic ringed seal: impacts of historical and future winter temperatures. | a global trend of a warming climate may seriously affect species dependent on sea ice. we investigated the impact of climate on the baltic ringed seals (phoca hispida botnica), using historical and future climatological time series. availability of suitable breeding ice is known to affect pup survival. we used detailed information on how winter temperatures affect the extent of breeding ice and a climatological model (rca3) to project the expected effects on the baltic ringed seal population. th ... | 2012 | 22851349 |
| level and temporal trend of perfluoroalkyl acids in greenlandic inuit. | perfluoroalkyl acids (pfaas) have been detected in human blood, breast milk and umbilical cord blood across the globe. pfaas do accumulate in the marine food chain in arctic regions. in greenland, increasing pfaa concentrations were observed during 1982-2006 in ringed seals and polar bears. however, until now, no data have been reported for pfaas in greenlandic inuit. this study assesses the level and temporal trend of serum pfaas in greenlandic inuit. | 2012 | 22456049 |
| western canadian arctic ringed seal organic contaminant trends in relation to sea ice break-up. | the association between changing sea ice conditions and contaminant exposure to arctic animals interests inuvialuit harvesters, communities, and researchers. we examined organochlorine contaminant (oc) concentrations in the blubber of 90 male adult ringed seals (phoca hispida) sampled from the subsistence harvest in ulukhaktok (formerly holman), nt, canada, just prior to break-up of the sea ice (1993-2008). oc blubber concentrations were assessed with respect to year and sea ice break-up date. h ... | 2012 | 22428683 |
| the cardiorespiratory function and electrical activity of the brain of the ringed seal during the transition from wakefulness to sleep. | | 2016 | 22427211 |
| mrna expression of genes regulating lipid metabolism in ringed seals (pusa hispida) from differently polluted areas. | there is a growing concern about the ability of persistent organic pollutants (pops) to influence lipid metabolism. although pops are found at high concentrations in some populations of marine mammals, for example in the ringed seal (pusa hispida) from the baltic sea, little is known about the effects of pops on their lipid metabolism. an optimal regulation of lipid metabolism is crucial for ringed seals during the fasting/molting season. this is a physiologically stressful period, during which ... | 2014 | 24334006 |
| gross anatomy of the ringed seal (pusa hispida) gastro-intestinal tract. | the gross anatomical structure of the ringed seal (pusa hispida) gastrointestinal tract is poorly described and often veterinary anatomical terminology is not used. although the basic abdominal visceral pattern corresponded to domestic carnivores, significant differences were noted. the stomach was an elongated sharply bent tube (u-shaped) with the pylorus and fundus juxtaposed. the elongated jejunum measured up to 15.6 times body length and had 37 jejunal arteries from the cranial mesenteric ar ... | 2014 | 23711331 |
| temporal trends of mercury in greenland ringed seal populations in a warming climate. | temporal trends of mercury in livers of ringed seals collected from the early 1980s to 2010 from central west, northwest and central east greenland were studied. in this period the climate of greenland warmed and the influences of climate indices such as ice coverage, water temperature and the atlantic oscillation index on mercury concentration were evaluated using multiple regressions and akaike's information criteria (aic) to determine the most parsimonious models. biological co-variables such ... | 2012 | 23152143 |
| [ecology of the ringed seal (pusa hispida) from the bering strait in the late holocene]. | the combined use of analysis of stable isotopes and archeozoological methods with respect to bony material from an ancient eskimo settlement (dated 2370-810 years ago) made it possible to reveal the main distinguishing features of ringed seal in the past. on the basis of the data obtained, we suppose that in the late holocene in the water area of the bering strait, there were seals of two different ecotopes: those reproducing on fast ice and those on pack ice differing not only in habitats, but ... | 2016 | 23136743 |
| a methodology for evaluating the influence of diets and intergenerational dietary transitions on historic and future human exposure to persistent organic pollutants in the arctic. | concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (pops) in inuit populations have been observed to decrease over the last decade. the main objective of this study was to develop a methodology to quantify the potential influence of intergenerational dietary transitions on human exposure to organic contaminants in the arctic environment using pcb-153 as a case study. long-term (1930-2050) dynamic simulations using realistic emission estimates were conducted using linked chemical fate and bioaccumul ... | 2012 | 22982224 |
| effects of climate warming on polar bears: a review of the evidence. | climate warming is causing unidirectional changes to annual patterns of sea ice distribution, structure, and freeze-up. we summarize evidence that documents how loss of sea ice, the primary habitat of polar bears (ursus maritimus), negatively affects their long-term survival. to maintain viable subpopulations, polar bears depend on sea ice as a platform from which to hunt seals for long enough each year to accumulate sufficient energy (fat) to survive periods when seals are unavailable. less tim ... | 2012 | 24501049 |
| antioxidative defense and oxidative stress in ringed seals (pusa hispida) from differently polluted areas. | high contaminant levels detected in baltic seals have been associated with various health effects. in this study several parameters related to antioxidative defense and oxidative stress (concentrations of reduced and oxidised glutathione, lipid hydroperoxide and vitamin e, activities of glutathione reductase, peroxidase and s-transferase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, catalase, and superoxidedismutase) were measured in the livers of ringed seals from the baltic sea and from a less contamina ... | 2012 | 22417762 |
| mystery illness killing arctic ringed seals may be spreading. | | 2012 | 22303555 |
| questions--and cases--mount in seal disease outbreak: mystery illness killing arctic ringed seals may be spreading. | | 2011 | 22250323 |
| level and temporal trend of perfluoroalkyl acids in greenlandic inuit. | perfluoroalkyl acids (pfaas) have been detected in human blood, breast milk and umbilical cord blood across the globe. pfaas do accumulate in the marine food chain in arctic regions. in greenland, increasing pfaa concentrations were observed during 1982-2006 in ringed seals and polar bears. however, until now, no data have been reported for pfaas in greenlandic inuit. this study assesses the level and temporal trend of serum pfaas in greenlandic inuit. | 2012 | 28417759 |
| polychlorinated biphenyl profiles in ringed seals (pusa hispida) reveal historical contamination by a military radar station in labrador, canada. | significant amounts of soil contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) were discovered at a military radar station in saglek bay, labrador, canada, in 1996. subsequent work showed elevated pcb concentrations in local marine sediments, in the benthic-associated food web, and in some ringed seals (pusa hispida). the benthic-associated food web clearly reflected local pcb contamination, but the high pcb concentrations found in some ringed seals remained unexplained. in the present study, th ... | 2014 | 24273070 |
| combined genetic and telemetry data reveal high rates of gene flow, migration, and long-distance dispersal potential in arctic ringed seals (pusa hispida). | ringed seals (pusa hispida) are broadly distributed in seasonally ice covered seas, and their survival and reproductive success is intricately linked to sea ice and snow. climatic warming is diminishing arctic snow and sea ice and threatens to endanger ringed seals in the foreseeable future. we investigated the population structure and connectedness within and among three subspecies: arctic (p. hispida hispida), baltic (p. hispida botnica), and lake saimaa (p. hispida saimensis) ringed seals to ... | 2013 | 24130843 |
| temporal trends of selected pops and the potential influence of climate variability in a greenland ringed seal population. | temporal trends of selected pops (pcb-52 and 153, p,p'-dde, hcb, α- and β-hch) in blubber of ringed seals (pusa hispida) collected from the early 1990s to 2010 from central west greenland were studied. in this period, the climate of greenland warmed and the influences of climate indices such as winter sea-ice coverage (november-may), the number of sea-ice days during winter in disko bay, water temperature and salinity at fyllas banke during the preceding summer and the arctic oscillation index ( ... | 2013 | 23831938 |
| [the reactivity of liver monoamine oxidase in the ringed seal phoca hispida ladogensis]. | the goal of the work consisted in study of substrate and inhibitor specificity of liver monoamine oxidase (mao) of the freshwater ladoga subspecies of the ringed seal phoca hispida ladogensis. the studied enzyme has been established to have large substrate specificity by deaminating, apart from eight classic substrates of mao of terrestrial mammals, also histamine, the diamine oxidase substrate. it is found out that the deamination rates of benzylamine, beta-phenylethylamine, and n-methylhistami ... | 2013 | 23789395 |
| persistent organic pollutants in ringed seals from the russian arctic. | organochlorine compounds total ddt (σddt), total hch isomers (σhch), toxaphenes (sum of parlar 26, 50, 62), mirex, endrin, methoxychlor, total chlorinated benzenes (σcbz), total chlordane compounds (σchl), polychlorinated biphenyls (total of 56 congeners; σpcbs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans (pcdd/fs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (sum of 7 tri- to hepta congeners; σpbdes) were analysed in the blubber of adult ringed seals from the four areas of the russian arctic (white se ... | 2011 | 21636111 |
| temporal trends of hexabromocyclododecane, polybrominated diphenyl ethers and polychlorinated biphenyls in ringed seals from east greenland. | concentrations of hexabromocyclododecane (hbcd) were determined in a combination of archived and fresh blubber samples of juvenile ringed seals from east greenland collected between 1986 and 2008. α-hbcd was the only diastereoisomer consistently above levels of quantification and showed a significant log-linear (exponential) increase from 2.0 to 8.7 ng/g lipid weight (median concentrations) with an annual rate of +6.1%. the concentrations were up to several orders of magnitude lower than those r ... | 2011 | 21247098 |
| an evaluation of teeth of ringed seals (phoca hispida) from greenland as a matrix to monitor spatial and temporal trends of mercury and stable isotopes. | total mercury (hg) concentrations were measured in teeth of ringed seals from qeqertarsuaq, central west greenland (1982 to 2006) and ittoqqortoormiit, central east greenland (1986 to 2006). stable isotopic ratios of carbon ((13)c/(12)c) and nitrogen ((15)n/(14)n) were determined as well to provide insights into diet variations between regions or through time. mercury concentrations decreased the first years of life of the animals suggesting that hg had been transferred from the mother to the fo ... | 2010 | 20696465 |
| comparative endocrine disruptive effects of contaminants in ringed seals (phoca hispida) from svalbard and the baltic sea. | we investigated variables related to thyroid, vitamin a and calcitriol homeostasis, immune function and tumour development in ringed seals (phoca hispida) from the polluted baltic sea and a less polluted reference location at svalbard, norway. we also examined the relationships between the biological variables and the concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (pops) and their hydroxylated (oh) metabolites. our data show higher plasma concentrations of free triiodothyronine (t3), and ratios ... | 2010 | 20624697 |
| levels and trends of poly- and perfluorinated compounds in the arctic environment. | poly- and perfluorinated organic compounds (pfcs) are ubiquitous in the arctic environment. several modeling studies have been conducted in attempt to resolve the dominant transport pathway of pfcs to the arctic-atmospheric transport of precursors versus direct transport via ocean currents. these studies are generally limited by their focus on perfluorooctanoate (pfoa) fluxes to arctic seawater and thus far have only used fluorotelomer alcohols (ftohs) and sulfonamide alcohols as inputs for vola ... | 2010 | 20493516 |
| a computational model of teeth and the developmental origins of morphological variation. | the relationship between the genotype and the phenotype, or the genotype-phenotype map, is generally approached with the tools of multivariate quantitative genetics and morphometrics. whereas studies of development and mathematical models of development may offer new insights into the genotype-phenotype map, the challenge is to make them useful at the level of microevolution. here we report a computational model of mammalian tooth development that combines parameters of genetic and cellular inte ... | 2010 | 20220757 |
| biotransformation of pcbs in relation to phase i and ii xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme activities in ringed seals (phoca hispida) from svalbard and the baltic sea. | polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) may induce activity of hepatic enzymes, mainly phase i monooxygenases and conjugating phase ii enzymes, that catalyze the metabolism of pcbs leading to formation of metabolites and to potential adverse health effects. the present study investigates the concentration and pattern of pcbs, the induction of hepatic phase i and ii enzymes, and the formation of hydroxy (oh) and methylsulfonyl (ch3so2=meso2) pcb metabolites in two ringed seal (phoca hispida) populations ... | 2008 | 19192824 |
| lipid-soluble and water-soluble arsenic compounds in blubber of ringed seal (pusa hispida). | high concentrations of arsenic were observed in the blubber of ringed seals (pusa hispida) in our previous study. to better understand the arsenic accumulation in blubber of marine mammals, arsenicals in the blubber of ringed seal were characterized using high performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (hplc-icpms). the most predominant water-soluble arsenical in the blubber was dimethylarsinic acid (dma), in spite of the predominance of arsenobetaine in other ... | 2003 | 18969242 |
| levels and temporal trends of hch isomers in ringed seals from west and east greenland. | levels and temporal trends of the hexachlorocyclohexane isomers alpha-, beta- and gamma-hch were analysed in blubber of juvenile ringed seals from west greenland (1994 to 2006) and juvenile and adult ringed seals from east greenland (1986 to 2006). no significant differences in the concentration levels in the juvenile seals were found between east and west greenland for any of the three isomers. alpha-hch concentrations were not significantly different between juvenile and adult ringed seals fro ... | 2008 | 18688462 |
| biomarker responses and decreasing contaminant levels in ringed seals (pusa hispida) from svalbard, norway. | blubber was analyzed for a wide range of contaminants from five sub-adult and eight adult male ringed seals sampled in 2004, namely, for polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs), hexachlorobenzene (hcb), toxaphenes, chlordanes, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (dde), and polybrominated diphenylethers (pbdes). contaminant levels were compared to previously sampled animals from the same area, as well as data from literature for other arctic wildlife species from a wide variety of locations. ringed seals s ... | 2008 | 18569610 |
| ringed seal post-moulting movement tactics and habitat selection. | intra-specific and intra-population variation in movement tactics have been observed in many species, sometimes in association with alternative foraging techniques or large-scale habitat selection. however, whether animals adjust their small-scale habitat selection according to their large-scale tactics has rarely been studied. this study identified two large-scale movement tactics in ringed seals (phoca hispida) during their non-breeding, post-moulting period. first-passage times (fpt) were use ... | 2008 | 17990001 |
| hormone, vitamin and contaminant status during the moulting/fasting period in ringed seals (pusa [phoca] hispida) from svalbard. | this study investigates the potential effects of moulting, and the concomitant period of fasting undertaken by ringed seals, on hormone, vitamin and contaminant status in adult animals in a population from svalbard, norway, which has relatively low contaminant levels. concentrations of circulating total and free thyroxine and triiodothyronine, circulating and hepatic vitamin a, hepatic persistent organic pollutants and their circulating hydroxyl metabolites were higher in moulting seals compared ... | 2010 | 19800979 |
| polar bears: the fate of an icon. | polar bears are one of the most iconic animals on our planet. worldwide, even people who would never see one are drawn to these charismatic arctic ice hunters. they are the world's largest terrestrial carnivore, and despite being born on land, they spend most of their lives out on the sea ice and are considered a marine mammal. current global studies estimate there are around 20,000 animals in some 19 discrete circumpolar populations. aside from pregnant females denning in the winter months to g ... | 2013 | 24331553 |
| stratification, composition, and function of marine mammal blubber: the ecology of fatty acids in marine mammals. | abstract this study of vertical fatty acid profiles, based on analysis of 58 fatty acids sampled at 3-mm intervals throughout the blubber column of a model marine mammal, the ringed seal (pusa hispida), revealed three chemically distinct layers. the average depths of the outer and inner layers were quite consistent (approximately 1.5 and approximately 1 cm, respectively). consequently, the middle layer varied greatly in thickness, from being virtually absent in the thinnest animals to 2.5 cm thi ... | 2008 | 18532882 |
| seasonal activity budget of adult baltic ringed seals. | although ringed seals are important components in oceanic and fresh water ecosystems at high latitudes, little is known about how they exploit these harsh environments. seasonal activity and diving behaviour of 19 adult baltic ringed seals were studied by satellite telemetry. we elaborated an activity budget for ten months of the year, extending over the period from moult to the breeding season. seals from three main regions showed explicit site fidelity and the distributions of animals tagged f ... | 2008 | 18414676 |
| trends of perfluorochemicals in greenland ringed seals and polar bears: indications of shifts to decreasing trends. | time-series of perfluorinated alkylated substances (pfass) in east greenland polar bears and east and west greenland ringed seals were updated in order to deduce whether a response to the major reduction in perfluoroalkyl production in the early 2000s had occurred. previous studies had documented an exponential increase of perfluorooctane sulphonate (pfos) in liver tissue from both species. in the present study, pfos was still the far most dominant compound constituting 92% (west greenland ringe ... | 2013 | 24025534 |
| temporal trends in "legacy" organochlorine contaminants in blubber of ringed seals (phoca hispida) from ulukhaktok, nt, canada between 1972 and 2010. | in blubber of ringed seals (phoca hispida) from ulukhaktok, nt, residues of ddt, other organochlorine pesticides, and pcbs declined between 1972 and 2010. the rate of decline varied: concentrations of the ddt-group began to fall after 1981, whereas those of pcbs fell rapidly between 1972 and 1981, and then slowed. concentrations of cis- and trans-chlordane and of hcb in both sexes, and of cis-nonachlor in males, declined slowly between 1978 and 2010; those of other organochlorine pesticides rema ... | 2014 | 23955250 |
| macroscopic anatomy of the heart of the ringed seal (phoca hispida). | anatomical properties of the ringed seal (phoca hispida) heart and associated blood vessels reveal adaptations related to requirements for diving. seven adult ringed seals were embalmed and dissected to document the gross anatomical features of the heart. computed tomography images of the thoracic cavity were taken on one seal prior to dissection. the shape and position of the heart is different from the typical carnivore heart. the most notable difference is its dorsoventral flattened appearanc ... | 2008 | 18197897 |
| levels and trends of persistent organic pollutants in ringed seals (phoca hispida) from central west greenland, with particular focus on polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes). | polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) and the organochlorine compounds polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs), ddts, hcb, chlordane-related pesticides, hch and toxaphene were analysed in blubber of juvenile ringed seals from central west greenland collected between 1982 and 2006. the longest time series could be established for pbdes, partly based on archived material, while pcbs and ddts covered a study period from 1994-2006. all organochlorines showed decreasing trends, most pronounced for ddt and ... | 2008 | 18155150 |
| hexachlorocyclohexanes (hch) in ringed seal (phoca hispida) from ulukhaktok (holman), nt: trends from 1978 to 2006. | trends in alpha-, beta-, and gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (hch) concentrations were examined in blubber lipid of ringed seals (phoca hispida) from ulukhaktok (holman), nt (canada) sampled at intervals between 1978 and 2006. alpha-hch usually represented approximately 90% of the total hch isomers. alpha-hch and gamma-hch concentrations showed no change over the sampling interval, but beta-hch concentrations increased significantly, about 8-10-fold in females and 4-5-fold in males. residue concentr ... | 2009 | 19560798 |
| mercury trends in ringed seals (phoca hispida) from the western canadian arctic since 1973: associations with length of ice-free season. | we examined a unique time series of ringed seal (phoca hispida) samples collected from a single location in the western canadian arctic between 1973 and 2007 to test for changes in total mercury (thg) in muscle tissue associated with (1) year and (2) length of ice-free season. we found no temporal trend with muscle thg whereas a curvilinear relationship existed with the length of ice-free season: seals attaimed higher thg in short (2 months) and long (5 months) ice-free seasons. delta 15n and de ... | 2009 | 19544867 |
| polybrominated diphenyl ethers and their hydroxylated analogues in ringed seals (phoca hispida) from svalbard and the baltic sea. | the present study investigated the concentrations and patterns of pbdes and hydroxylated (oh) pbde analogues in two ringed seal populations: less contaminated svalbard and more contaminated baltic sea. mean concentration of hepatic sigma-pbde, which was dominated by bde47, was six times higher in the ringed seals from the baltic sea compared to the seals from svalbard. bde47/sigma-pbde was higher in the seals from svalbard compared to that for baltic seals, while the trend was opposite for bde15 ... | 2009 | 19544845 |
| concentrations, patterns and metabolites of organochlorine pesticides in relation to xenobiotic phase i and ii enzyme activities in ringed seals (phoca hispida) from svalbard and the baltic sea. | the present study investigates the concentrations and patterns of organochlorine pesticides (ocps) and their metabolites in liver and plasma of two ringed seal populations (phoca hispida): lower contaminated svalbard population and more contaminated baltic sea population. among ocps, p,p'-dde and sum-chlordanes were the highest in concentration. with increasing hepatic contaminant concentrations and activities of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes, the concentrations of 3-methylsulfonyl-p,p'-dde an ... | 2013 | 19329238 |
| macroscopic anatomy of the ringed seal [pusa (phoca) hispida] lower respiratory system. | this investigation serves to document the normal anatomical features of the lower respiratory tract of the ringed seal [pusa (phoca) hispida]. evaluation of embalmed specimens and tracheobronchial casts showed that the right lung of this seal consists of four lobes while the left has only three lobes. the ventral margins of the lungs do not reach the sternum causing them to form the boundary of the broad recessus costomediastinalis. lung lobation corresponds with bronchial tree division. pulmona ... | 2009 | 19245669 |
| spatial trends of perfluoroalkyl compounds in ringed seals (phoca hispida) from the canadian arctic. | the present study examined spatial trends of perfluoroalkyl compounds (pfcs) in liver samples from 11 populations of ringed seals (phoca hispida) in the canadian arctic from 2002 to 2005. trophic position and relative carbon sources were compared by analyzing stable nitrogen and carbon isotopes in muscle samples. geometric mean concentrations of total c9-c15 perfluorinated carboxylates (pfcas) ranged from 8.8 to 84 ng/g wet weight, and c9-c11 pfcas predominated. perfluorooctane sulfonate was the ... | 2008 | 17988182 |
| regional contamination versus regional dietary differences: understanding geographic variation in brominated and chlorinated contaminant levels in polar bears. | the relative contribution of regional contamination versus dietary differences to geographic variation in polar bear (ursus maritimus) contaminant levels is unknown. dietary variation between alaska, canada, east greenland, and svalbard subpopulations was assessed by muscle nitrogen and carbon stable isotope (δ(15)n, δ(13)c) and adipose fatty acid (fa) signatures relative to their main prey (ringed seals). western and southern hudson bay signatures were characterized by depleted δ(15)n and δ(13) ... | 2011 | 21166451 |
| the nature of mitochondrial monoamine oxidase from the seal (phoca hispida ladogensis) liver. | | 2010 | 20714847 |
| influence of the temperature gradient in blubber on the bioaccumulation of persistent lipophilic organic chemicals in seals. | seals constitute an important link in food webs of the arctic environment and are an important vector of persistent lipophilic organic pollutants to top predators (e.g., polar bears) and humans. two fugacity-based, non-steady state, mechanistic lifetime models were assembled to explore the influence of the temperature gradient in the insulating blubber on the distribution and bioaccumulation of persistent lipophilic organic pollutants in seals. the behavior of a two-compartment model that distin ... | 2007 | 17702331 |
| rapid response of arctic ringed seals to changes in perfluoroalkyl production. | temporal trends in perfluoroalkyl compounds (pfcs) were investigated in liver samples from two ringed seal (phoca hispida) populations in the canadian arctic, arviat (western hudson bay) (1992, 1998, 2004, 2005) and resolute bay (lancaster sound) (1972, 1993, 2000, 2004, 2005). pfcs analyzed included c7-c15 perfluorinated carboxylates (pfcas) and their suspected precursors, the 8:2 and 10:2 fluorotelomer saturated and unsaturated carboxylates (ftcas, ftucas), c4, c6, c8, c10 sulfonates, and perf ... | 2007 | 17265925 |
| temporal trend studies on polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) and polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) in ringed seals from east greenland. | the concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) 17, 28, 47, 49, 66, 85, 99, 100, 153, 154, and 183 were determined in ringed seal blubber from central east greenland collected in 1986, 1994, 1999 and during the period 2001 to 2004. the trend of pbdes was compared with the trends of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) 28, 31, 52, 101, 105, 118, 138, 153, 156, and 180 during the same period. the levels of sigmapbde in east greenland ringed seals ranged from 21.8 ng g(-1) lipid weight (1w ... | 2006 | 17240905 |
| serum chemistry values for free-ranging ringed seals (pusa hispida) in svalbard. | diseases and abnormal physiologic conditions can alter the concentrations of enzymes, metabolites, minerals, and hormones in the blood of animals. the ringed seal (pusa hispida) has been selected as a key species for environmental monitoring, but information on disease and health parameters for this species is scarce. | 2006 | 17123246 |
| the derivation of radionuclide transfer parameters for and dose-rates to an adult ringed seal (phoca hispida) in an arctic environment. | radionuclide transfer parameters and dose-rates for an adult ringed seal from svalbard have been determined based on empirical and estimated tissue activity concentrations and detailed dietary and habitat information. whole-body equivalent concentration factors determined for anthropogenic radionuclides ranged from 10(1) ((90)sr) to 10(2) ((137)cs, (238)pu and (239,240)pu), while natural radionuclides ranged from 10(2) ((210)pb) to 10(4) ((210)po). employing a dietary composition of 40% fish, 40 ... | 2006 | 16965842 |
| serum haptoglobin concentrations in ringed seals (pusa hispida) from svalbard, norway. | haptoglobin (hp) levels were measured in blood serum from 185 apparently healthy ringed seals (pusa hispida) from svalbard (age range, 1-30 yr) collected during the spring seasons of 2002 through 2004. the hp concentration was 0.26 +/- 0.02 g/l (mean +/- se; range, 0.0-1.5 g/l). maturity status, body condition index (ci), interactions between ci and maturity status, and sex and maturity status all had significant influences on hp levels. mature males had significantly higher hp concentrations co ... | 2006 | 16870873 |
| [brain cholinesterases in marine mammals]. | substrate properties of brain cholinesterases were studied in ringed seal and beluga. kinetic parameters of hydrolysis of thiocholine esters of carboxylic acids were determined. according to the substrate specificity, the enzyme from the brain of marine mammals can be assigned to acetylcholinesterases. specific properties of the enzyme from the brain of marine mammals were demonstrated in comparison with land animals. the revealed differences in kinetic parameters of the brain enzyme activity ar ... | 2016 | 16771152 |
| mercury but not organochlorines inhibits muscarinic cholinergic receptor binding in the cerebrum of ringed seals (phoca hispida). | elevated concentrations of organochlorines and mercury (hg) have been reported in marine mammals on a global scale. while risk assessments are generally based on quantifying body burdens of toxicants, much less is known about associated adverse health effects and their underlying mechanisms. the purpose of this study was to characterize the inhibitory effects of methylmercury (mehg+), mercuric chloride (hg2+), p,p'-ddt, arochlor 1254, chlordane,dieldrin, lindane, and toxaphene on [3h]quinuclidin ... | 2006 | 16728376 |
| microscopic anatomy of the ringed seal (phoca hispida) lower respiratory tract. | the microscopic anatomy of the ringed seal lung exhibits unique features and many features similar to those described in other seal species. unique features include: trachealis muscle predominately oriented longitudinally; large veins within the tracheal wall supported by elastic fibers; goblet cells and pseudostratified epithelium lining the duct system of bronchial glands of the segmental bronchi; lamina propria of the segmental bronchus heavily invested with elastic fibers clustered into dens ... | 2006 | 16433671 |
| pcdd/f and pcb concentrations in arctic ringed seals (phoca hispida) have not changed between 1981 and 2000. | concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (pcdd) and dibenzofurans (pcdf) and of non-ortho-, mono-ortho- and di-ortho-substituted polychlorinated biphenyls (no-cb, mo-cb and do-cb) were measured in blubber of ringed seals sampled at holman, nwt, in 1981, 1991, 1996 and 2000. total pcdd and pcdf concentrations were usually below approx. 10 and 5 pg/g wet wt., respectively, and did not change significantly between 1981 and 2000, although there were sporadic temporal differences in some c ... | 2005 | 16278008 |
| temporal and spatial trends of perfluorinated compounds in ringed seal (phoca hispida) from greenland. | perfluorinated compounds (pfcs), such as perfluorooctane sulfonate (pfos) and related compounds, have been identified as global pollutants and have shown their bioaccumulation into higher trophic levels in the food chain. pfcs have been found in remote areas far from sources, such as the arctic. in this study spatial and temporal trends in the concentrations of selected pfcs were measured using archived liver samples of ringed seal (phoca hispida) from east and west greenland. the samples were c ... | 2005 | 16245810 |
| persistent organic pollutants and mercury in marine biota of the canadian arctic: an overview of spatial and temporal trends. | this review summarizes and synthesizes the significant amount of data which was generated on mercury (hg) and persistent organic pollutants (pops) in canadian arctic marine biota since the first canadian arctic contaminants assessment report (cacar) was published in 1997. this recent body of work has led to a better understanding of the current levels and spatial and temporal trends of contaminants in biota, including the marine food species that northern peoples traditionally consume. compared ... | 2005 | 16109439 |
| genetic characterization of cryptosporidium isolates from ringed seals (phoca hispida) in northern quebec, canada. | this study reports the molecular characterization of cryptosporidium spp. isolates identified from intestinal contents of ringed seals (phoca hispida) from nunavik (quebec, canada). cryptosporidium spp. fragments of 18s rrna, hsp-70, and actin loci were amplified by pcr from seal intestinal contents. pcr-positive specimens were sequenced and compared with other cryptosporidium species and genotypes reported previously. sequence analysis showed the presence of c. muris and 2 novel genotypes in ri ... | 2005 | 16108576 |
| levels and temporal trends of pcdd/pcdfs and non-ortho pcbs in ringed seals from east greenland. | the levels and temporal trend of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (pcdds) and dibenzofurans (pcdfs) and non-ortho substituted pcbs (c-pcbs, i.e. cb77, cb126 and cb169) were determined in ringed seal blubber from central east greenland collected in 1986, 1994, 1999 and 2003, respectively. since 1986 the concentrations of pcdds, pcdfs and c-pcbs all show a decreasing trend. the annual decreases were estimated to 5.2% and 5.3% for pg/g who-teq ww of pcdd/fs and c-pcb, respectively. the annual medi ... | 2005 | 16040054 |
| circumpolar pattern of mercury and cadmium in ringed seals. | mercury (hg) and cadmium (cd) concentrations in ringed seal liver and kidney were compared from 11 locations across the arctic, from alaska, canada, greenland, svalbard to the white sea. adult and sub adult seals were evaluated separately to account for age accumulations of hg and cd. only recently (1995-2001) collected samples were included to minimize influence of changes over time. the hg and cd concentrations in ringed seal liver and kidney differed significantly among the studied locations. ... | 2005 | 16005942 |
| preliminary screening of perfluorooctane sulfonate (pfos) and other fluorochemicals in fish, birds and marine mammals from greenland and the faroe islands. | extensive screening analyses of perfluorooctane sulfonate (pfos) and related perfluorinated compounds in biota samples from all over the world have identified pfos as a global pollutant and have shown its bioaccumulation into higher trophic levels in the food chain. perfluorinated compounds have been found in remote areas as the arctic. in this study a preliminary screening of pfos and related compounds has been performed in liver samples of fish, birds and marine mammals from greenland and the ... | 2005 | 15840540 |
| persistent organic pollutants in marine birds, arctic hare and ringed seals near qikiqtarjuaq, nunavut, canada. | | 2005 | 15664039 |
| drilling and operational sounds from an oil production island in the ice-covered beaufort sea. | recordings of sounds underwater and in air, and of iceborne vibrations, were obtained at northstar island, an artificial gravel island in the beaufort sea near prudhoe bay (alaska). the aim was to document the levels, characteristics, and range dependence of sounds and vibrations produced by drilling and oil production during the winter, when the island was surrounded by shore-fast ice. drilling produced the highest underwater broadband (10-10,000 hz) levels (maximum= 124 db re: 1 micropa at 1 k ... | 2004 | 15603166 |