| species comparison of in vitro metabolism of aflatoxin b1. | the metabolism of [14c]aflatoxin b1 by 9000 x g supernatant fraction of livers of duck, rat, mouse, monkey, and humans was compared by incubating the compound and liver fractions in the presence of cofactors and air for 30 min. the incubation medium was extracted with chloroform, and the soluble metabolites were separated on thinlayer plates and quantified; radioactivity remaining in the aqueous phase was determined in order to quantify metabolism to water-soluble derivatives. duck, monkey, and ... | 1977 | 404034 |
| organchlorine pesticides and pcbs distribution in tissues of purple heron and spoon duck from the biological reserve of doñana (spain). | | 1977 | 405062 |
| [comparison of duck embryo vaccine and hempt's vaccine for rabies vaccination (author's transl)]. | for many years, hempt's vaccine has been used in germany for vaccination against rabies. in recent years the duck embryo vaccine has been gradually introduced in its place. from 1970 to 1975, 658 consultations were undertaken at the hospital of the tropical institute at hamburg because of the risk of rabies. 267 persons had to undergo vaccination, 159 of them being treated with hempt's vaccine and 108 with duck embryo vaccine. side effects of a more severe type were not seen in either group. dis ... | 1977 | 405573 |
| characterization of the protein moiety of messenger ribonucleoprotein complexes from duck reticulocytes by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. | the protein moiety of duck globin messenger ribonucleoprotein complexes isolated by oligo(dt)-cellulose chromatography or by sucrose gradient centrifugation was analysed by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under conditions where the separation in the first dimension occurs according to charge and in the second according to molecular weight. by comparing the pattern of protein from the mrna - protein complex with that of ribosomal subunits we found that two acidic proteins with ... | 1977 | 408136 |
| blood parasites of mallard and pintail ducks from central alberta and the mackenzie delta, northwest territories. | blood films from 60 mallard (anas platyrhynchos) and 67 pintail (a. acuta) ducks, collected in alberta and the mackenzie delta, northwest territories, during 1973 and 1974, were examined for blood parasites. twenty-two (37%) of the mallards and fourteen (21%) of the pintails were infected with one or more species of hematozoa. infections of leucocytozon simondi occurred more frequently (86%) than haemoproteus nettionis (22%) in the infected birds. trypanosoma avium occurred in one individual of ... | 1977 | 410954 |
| [biopsy of the liver in the duck]. | a method is being described for percutaneous aspiration biopsy in duck using the modified underpressure set according to menghini. the optimum puncture site for sample collection from the left liver lobe is in the cranial part of the left chest opening whereas for collection from the right liver lobe is the puncture site in the caudal part of the right chest opening or behind the sternum medially from the right chest opening. collection from the left lobe is to be preferred. the technique is sim ... | 1977 | 411222 |
| growth of orungo virus in various tissue cultures. | monolayer cultures of cell strains derived from cercopithicus kidney (vero), baby hamster kidney (bhk-21), duck embryo (de), new-born rabbit kidney (ma-111), and aedes albopictus were tested for their ability to support the growth of orungo virus. the virus multiplied to high titres with accompanying cytopathic effect (cpe) in vero and bhk-21 cultures, but not in the other three culture systems. the yield of virus from infected vero cell cultures incubated at 37 degrees c was 30 to 100 times gre ... | 1977 | 413528 |
| [presence of neurons synthesizing lh-rh in the anterior hypothalamus of the duck (anas platyrhynchos)]. | using histochemical techniques with lh-rh anti-serum, a large number of lh-rh producing neurons were identified in the duck hypothalamus, under different physiological conditions. the lh-rh pericaryas were localized in a well delimited area of the anterior hypothalamus, including the dorsal part of the periventricular preoptic nucleus. the lh-rh containing axons were directed downwards towards the infundibulum, and terminated within the external layer of the rostral and caudal median eminence, i ... | 1977 | 414848 |
| the opossum (didelphis virginiana) as a host for sarcocystis debonei from cowbirds (molothrus ater) and grackles (cassidix mexicanus, quiscalus quiscula). | sarcocystis-infected muscles from ducks, cowbirds, and grackles were fed to cats, opossums, rats, and a dog. only the opossum (didelphis virginiana) was a suitable definitive host. all opossums that were fed sarcocystis-infected cowbirds (molothrus ater) and grackles (cassidix mexicanus and quiscalus quiscula) passed sporocysts in their feces. opossums that ate the cowbirds had prepatent periods of 5 and 10 days and remained patent for at least 105 days. opossums that ate the grackles became pat ... | 1978 | 417165 |
| gas exchange in the parabronchial lung of birds: experiments in unidirectionally ventilated ducks. | pulmonary exchange of o2 and co2 was measured in unidirectionally ventilated ducks in an attempt to determine lung o2 diffusing capacity, do2. perfusion shunt (= venous admixture) was estimated from o2 exchange in hyperoxia, and the ventilation shunt (ventilation of non-perfused parallel lung units) was estimated from exchange of the highly soluble inert gas, chloroform. differences in the ventilation/perfusion ratio of parallel lung units were assessed from measurement of co2 exchange using a p ... | 1979 | 419339 |
| the ultrastructure of eosinophil granules of the black-necked crowned crane. | the fine structure of the granules of circulating eosinophil leucocytes was studied in five adult black-necked crowned cranes. the interna within these granules showed various crystalline arrangements. optical diffraction patterns of the crystals revealed linear arrangements measuring 6.2 and 3.8 nm and often, when these arrangements were superimposed, a hexagonal pattern was observed. bundles of microfilaments measuring 5-7 nm in diameter were found frequently in crystal-containing granules. st ... | 1979 | 422484 |
| [fowl cholera. preventive treatment with antibiotics (author's transl)]. | in view of an outbreak of fowl cholera in the duck-and turkey-farming industry, the possibility of instituting long-term preventive treatment of recently acquired birds on the farms involved was studied. satisfactory results were obtained in peking-ducks and turkeys when chlortetracycline was administered at a concentration of at least 100 ppm in the feed for three weeks. satisfactory results were also obtained using a combined preparation of neomycin and oxytetracycline in muscovy ducks or a pr ... | 1979 | 425106 |
| some effects of vitamin e deficiency on hepatic xanthine dehydrogenase activity, lead, and alpha-tocopherol concentrations in tissues of lead-dosed mallard ducks. | | 1979 | 425121 |
| interaction in replication between goose parvovirus strain b and duck plague herpesvirus. | the goose parvovirus strain b was found to replicate only in cells with dna synthesis. cells in the stationary phase of dna synthesis or maintained under 2 mm thymidine (tdr) in excess were refractive to the parvovirus infection. however, stationary phase cells could be rendered to produce progeny paroviruses by herpesvirus superinfection. in reverse, the replication of the herpesvirus was significantly inhibited by parvovirus preinfection of cells. | 1979 | 426633 |
| effects of androgens and oestrogens on the behaviour of chicks in an imprinting situation. | the behavioural effects of testosterone propionate (tp), 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone (dht) and oestradiol benzoate (ob) were investigated in day-old chicks during imprinting sessions to a duck model. tp increased the duration of peeping while inhibiting the following reaction and the twitters. dht had more or less the same effects while ob induces the reverse behavioural changes. the behavioural effects of hormone injections agree with behavioural sex differences observed in non-injected animals: ... | 1979 | 433467 |
| the epididymal region of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | the epididymal region of the japanese quail was studied histologically. the organ consists of the extratesticular portion of the rete testis, the ductuli efferentes proximales and distales, the ducti conjugentes and ductus epididymidis. distinct tubuli recti link the seminiferous tubules with the rete testis. the non-ciliated cells of the ductuli efferentes proximales and distales show, between them, certain internal structural differences which were highlighted. in 40% of the birds, the ductus ... | 1979 | 433566 |
| further evidence for reciprocal interactions between the annual sexual and thyroid cycles in male peking ducks. | | 1979 | 437497 |
| management of 41 persons exposed to a rabid dog: unplanned experience with human diploid vaccine. | thirty-six persons -- veterinarians, technicians and students at a veterinary clinic -- were unwittingly exposed to a rabid dog over a period of 21/2 days. one veterinarian received a penetrating bite, two other individuals were grabbed by the dog but the skin was not penetrated, and many were exposed to saliva or urine or both. in addition, the owner of the dog and his wife and three children, while not bitten, were exposed to saliva. the diagnosis was made post mortem when specimens of the dog ... | 1979 | 445300 |
| structural simplicity of the zonula occludens in the electrolyte secreting epithelium of the avian salt gland. | the structure of the zonula occludens in the secretory epithelium of the salt gland of the domestic duck was determined by thin section and freeze-fracture electron microscopy. these glands secrete an effluent with a nacl concentration four times that of plasma, and thus maintain a steep ionic gradient across their secretory epithelium. freeze-fracture replicas from salt stressed ducks demonstrate that the zonula occludens is surprisingly shallow in depth (20-25 nm) and generally consists of two ... | 1979 | 448725 |
| globin mrna precursor. cross-linking in situ of double-stranded segments with aminomethyltrioxalen. | the globin mrna sequences present in duck erythroblast nuclei appear under non-denaturing conditions to be associated with heterogeneous nuclear rna (hnrna) molecules of various sizes. under denaturing conditions, however, the bulk of the globin mrna sequences associated with hnrna are released as molecules of size close to that of the active globin mrna. to find out whether hydrogen-bonded structures occur in situ or arise after rna extraction, nuclei were treated with aminomethyltrioxalen and ... | 1979 | 456350 |
| wet versus dry weights for heavy metal toxicity determinations in duck liver. | determinations for heavy metals in duck liver using wet weight in lieu of dry weight produced errors that could not be quantitated. weight loss through air-drying ranged from 10 to 21% in the first 2 h. for frozen tissue and 7 to 11% for fresh tissue. this difference becomes increasingly variable with time. | 1979 | 459039 |
| noncholinergic vasodilator innervation in the feet of ducks. | vasomotor responses to nerve stimulation were studied in the feet of pekin ducks (anas platyrhynchos) and domestic chickens (gallus domesticus). the birds were killed and the feet isolated and perfused with a krebs solution. electrical stimulation of pedal nerves gave vasoconstrictor responses that were abolished by injecting guanethidine and by treating birds with reserpine. after guanethidine or reserpine, nerve stimulation resulted only in vasodilatation, which was unaffected by hexamethonium ... | 1979 | 464101 |
| secretory activity and histoenzymological characteristics in the subcommissural organ of hormone-injected ducks, anas platyrhynchos. | gonadotrophin and gonadal hormone injections performed on male ducks induce some changes in the activity of the subcommissural organ (sco). particularly lh, fsh and testosterone propionate injections are followed by a depletion of secretory material accompanied by increased activities of investigated dehydrogenases and acid phosphatase in sco cells. | 1979 | 469520 |
| learning about death. | this paper outlines briefly some of the research which has been carried out on attitudes to terminal illness and its care. the writer feels that not enough effort is being put into the teaching of this subject in our medical schools and universities, and that doctors themselves are the ones who often wish to 'duck' the issue of dealing with disability and the dying. however, with the increasing awareness, through both the research and the growing allied literature, the writer feels that there is ... | 1979 | 469874 |
| studies on duck nutrition. ii. calcium and phosphorus requirements of mule ducklings. | experiments were conducted to determine calcium and phosphorus requirements of mule ducklings. two-day-old, straight-run mule ducklings were fed diets containing graded levels of calcium or phosphorus for three weeks. weight gain, feed consumption, tibia ash content, and levels of serum calcium and phosphorus were used as criteria for the determination of the optimum dietary calcium and phosphorus levels required by the ducklings. the minimum calcium requirements were .48% and .58%, respectively ... | 1979 | 471880 |
| o2-chemoreflex drive of ventilation in awake birds at rest. | three varieties of birds (a non-flyer, the chicken; a diver, the duck; a flyer, the pigeon) were studied in resting conditions at neutral ambient temperature, while awake, either intact or sham operated, or after bilateral chronic carotid body denervation. tidal volume (vt), ventilatory period (t) and minute volume (v = vt/t) measured plethysmographically, were recorded breath-by-breath in steady state at two levels of oxygenation, and in the course of transient pure o2 inhalation (60-sec o2-tes ... | 1979 | 472523 |
| p,p'-dde-induced changes in the organic and inorganic structure of eggshells of the mallard, anas platyrhynchos. | | 1979 | 473177 |
| responses to human diploid cell rabies vaccine: neutralizing antibody responses of vaccinees receiving booster doses of human diploid cell rabies vaccine. | rabies neutralizing antibody levels were determined before and after administration of a booster-dose of wyeth rabies vaccine (wrv) in persons immunized earlier with either duck embryo vaccine (dev) or with wrv. virtually all those receiving an initial 3-dose regimen of wrv (0, 7 and 21--28 days) still had neutralizing antibody one year later, but there was a decline in titer from 10--50 iu per ml at 35 days to about 1--3 iu. only one-half of those receiving dev as the primary vaccine had even d ... | 1979 | 474568 |
| [the so-called duck beak fracture]. | | 1979 | 478933 |
| study of a new strain of paramyxoviruses isolated from wild ducks: structural polypeptides. | by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, duck/mississippi/75 virus was shown to contain five different types of polypeptides of mol. wt. ranging from 76 x 1o(3) to 43 x 10(3), two of which were glycosylated (mol. wt. 76 x 10(3) and 57 x 10(3). a comparison of this data with similar results obtained using yucaipa and newcastle disease virus (ndv) revealed a similarity with ndv, concerning the number, position and mol. wt. of the polypeptides. haemagglutinating and neuraminidase properties are assoc ... | 1979 | 479845 |
| [small ovarian follicle granulosa cells of ducks: pekin ducks (anas platyrhynchos), wild ducks (cairina maschata) and hybrids - pekin male x wild female. i. structural comparison between periods of weak ovarian activity (winter) and strong ovarian activity (spring)]. | | 1979 | 480407 |
| properties of a newly isolated, serologically distinct avian paramyxovirus. | the morphological, bio-physical and growth properties of the isolate duck/hong kong/d3/75 (d3/75) were consistent with this virus being a member of the paramyxovirus group. using haemagglutination inhibition and neuraminidase inhibition tests no serological relationships between d3/75 and other paramyxoviruses could be demonstrated. the structural polypeptides of d3/75 were also typical of paramyxoviruses, consisting of 6--7 polypeptides ranging in molecular weight from 46,000--200,000 under red ... | 1979 | 485856 |
| embryotoxic and teratogenic effects of crude oil on mallard embryos on day one of development. | | 1979 | 486764 |
| bunker c fuel oil reduces mallard egg hatchability. | | 1979 | 486776 |
| a model of the interaction between o2 and co2 exchange and cardiopulmonary control in the duck. | | 1979 | 487763 |
| the na:k pump in red cells is electrogenic. | the membrane potential, e, of the red cell measured with a fluorescent dye, 3,3'-dipropylthiadicarbocyanine iodide, hyperpolarizes when the na:k pump is activated by adding external k and depolarizes upon the subsequent addition of ouabain. the electrogenic pump is optimally observed in cells where internal na+ has been raised, so2-(4) has replaced cl-, and so2-(4) permeability has been inhibited by 4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonate (dids)). the change in e associated with the electro ... | 1979 | 488369 |
| elimination of endrin by mallard ducks. | endrin is very toxic to birds and has been implicated in the deaths of birds in nature. however, it is not known how rapidly birds eliminate endrin, a factor important in determining how much is accumulated in tissues. in this study, the loss rate of endrin was followed for 64 days in mallard (anas platyrhynchos) drakes that had been fed 20 ppm endrin for 13 days. the loss from carcass and blood was described by the equation y = a e b square root of x where y = the concentration of endrin in ppm ... | 1979 | 494303 |
| effect of testosterone and thyroxine on corticosterone and transcortine plasma levels in different bird species. | effect of testosterone and thyroxine on corticosterone and transcortine plasma levels has been investigated in photostimulated (18l--6d) peking duck, domestic pigeon, japanese quail and cock. in all these bird species corticosterone and transcortine plasma levels increased following castration, while restitution with testosterone decreased them in the castrated animals. thyroidectomy and thyroxine supplements in thyroidectomized birds failed to influence plasma corticosterone and, apart from coc ... | 1979 | 495129 |
| dehydration elevates osmotic threshold for salt gland secretion in the duck. | acute salt and water balance measurements were made in two conscious salt water-acclimated pekin ducks at and above their osmotic threshold for salt gland secretion. intravneous infusion of 1,000 mosmol/kg h2o nacl at 0.350 ml/min increased plasma tonicity less than 0.5% and increased secretion from nearly zero to a rate matching the infusion. continuous secretion at a similar submaximal rate was driven by 5,600 mosmol/kg h2o nacl infused at 0.070 ml/min. osmolality of secreted fluid was constan ... | 1979 | 495785 |
| effects of corexit 9527 on the hatchability of mallard eggs. | | 1979 | 497479 |
| characterization of pre-messenger-rna-containing nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles from avian erythroblasts. | ribonucleoprotein particles have been isolated from duck erythroblast nuclei using a procedure designed to produce maximal cytoplasmic dispersion with minimal release of endogenous hydrolytic enzymes. the rna extracted from the purified nuclear ribonucleoprotein fraction is shown to contain globin messenger rna sequences at a concentration comparable to that present in total nuclear rna. the polypeptide composition of this fraction revealed by electrophoresis in two dimensions is complex, consis ... | 1979 | 499200 |
| haematology and blood chemistry of the black duck anas superciliosa. | some haematologic and blood chemical values have been determined for the black duck, anas superciliosa, captured in the western fringes of sydney. data did not show evidence of sexual dimorphism. | 1979 | 501850 |
| isolation of influenza a virus from budgerigars and its serological characterization. | a hemagglutinating agent was isolated from the respiratory organs of budgerigars suffering from diarrhea and malnutrition. this agent, possessing neuraminidase activity, was identified as influenza a virus by the double immunodiffusion test. the results of hemagglutination and neuraminidase-inhibition tests with monospecific antisera to the isolated surface antigens showed that the isolates possessed hav4 hemagglutinin and nav1 neuraminidase subunits both of which were closely related to the cor ... | 1979 | 502902 |
| [purification and some physico-chemical properties of myocardial adenylate deaminase]. | a procedure for isolation of adenylate deaminase from duck heart muscle has been developed. the method includes extraction of enzyme, chromatography on cellulose phosphate, fractionation by ammonium sulfate, chromatography on sephadex g-25 and ion-exchange chromatography on deae-cellulose. the enzyme was purified approximately 4000-fold with a yield of 25%. electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel revealed that the enzyme contains no proteins other than adenylate deaminase. the enzyme has a uv abso ... | 1979 | 508871 |
| respiratory and cardiovascular responses to exercise in the duck. | adult white pekin ducks were exercised for 20 min on a treadmill (3 degrees incline) at two speeds: 0.9 and 1.47 km/h. each exercise period was followed by a 90-min rest. heart rate and systolic and diastolic blood pressure increased significantly during each exercise period. during exercise, tidal volume decreased and respiratory frequency increased. minute ventilation markedly increased at the onset of exercise and continued to increase throughout, whereas clavicular air sac pco2 (pcsco2) decr ... | 1979 | 511691 |
| embryotoxic and teratogenic effects of petroleum hydrocarbons in mallards (anas platyrhynchos). | egg surface applications of microliter quantities of crude and refined oils of high aromatic content are embryotoxic to mallards (anas platyrhynchos) and other avian species; applications of aliphatic hydrocarbons have virtually no effect. mallard eggs at 72 h of development were exposed to a mixture of aromatic hydrocarbons or to aromatic compounds representative to those present in crude oil to assess their toxicity. the class composition of the mixture was similar to that of south louisiana c ... | 1979 | 513150 |
| susceptibility of duck to uchida strain of avian reovirus. | | 1979 | 513401 |
| measurement of the distensibility of the parabronchi in duck lungs. | air flow resistance in the parabronchial lung of the duck was measured at various pressure differences between the lung and the body surface (prs) using a body plethysmograph. one lung of the anesthetized animal was ventilated at a steady flow rate, from trachea, through the parabronchial lung, and out via a cannula in the caudal thoracic air sac (tr leads to cs flow), or vice versa (cs leads to tr flow), all flow being directed over the parabronchi (pb) by blocking the main bronchus between the ... | 1979 | 515560 |
| isolation of newcastle disease virus from a wild mallard duck (anas platyrhynchos). | | 1979 | 516329 |
| annual cycle of plasma luteinizing hormone and sex hormones in male and female mallards (anas platyrhynchos). | | 1979 | 518952 |
| survey of q-fever agglutinins in birds and small rodents in northern california, 1975-76. | serum samples from 15 species of rodents and 33 species of birds were tested for agglutinins against coxiella burnetii by the microagglutination test. of 759 rodents tested, 21 (3%) were seropositive. antibody positive rodents included muskrats, ondatra zebethica, (11%), rattus spp. (10%), beechey ground squirrels, otospermophilus beecheyi, (6%), wood rats, neotoma fuscipes, (5%), and peromyscus spp. (2%). of 583 birds tested, 118 (20%) were seropositive. this included white crowned sparrows, zo ... | 1979 | 522220 |
| studies on duck nutrition. iii. arginine and lysine requirements of mule ducklings. | growth assays were conducted to determine the dietary arginine and lysine requirements of mule ducklings. the metabolizable energy content of the basal diets used for the arginine and lysine requirement studies was 2810 and 2828 kcal/kg, respectively. two-day-old ducklings of mixed sexes were fed on a starter diet for one week, fasted for 8 to 12 hr and then were fed on experimental diets for 12 or 14 days. weight gain and feed consumption were recorded at the end of each experiment. the minimum ... | 1979 | 523389 |
| identification of avian influenza viruses isolated from wild mallard ducks in israel. | | 1979 | 532069 |
| mechanical properties of mallard humeral bone in dependence on the form. | the mechanical behaviour of bony material taken from humeral bone of the mallard duck was analysed. wing-clipping led to a change in the values and distribution of the dynamic shear modulus and damping. the distribution of the values of the modulus shows a specific pattern in which the highest values are found ventrally. this pattern changes when there is a disturbance of the functional forces acting upon the humerus -- in this study induced by wing-clipping. the hypothesis is put forward that i ... | 1979 | 532713 |
| in vitro binding of radioiodinated rat follicle-stimulating hormone to the testis of the mallard duck, anas platyrhynchos l. | the binding of 125i-labelled rat fsh to homogenates and frozen sections of mallard duck testis was investigated. the equilibrium association constant (ka) in the homogenates (8.5 x 10(9) m-1) was similar to those reported in other avian and mammalian species. autoradiography suggested that the binding sites for the labelled hormone were localized in the tubular compartment. | 1979 | 533519 |
| the occurrence of uridine diphosphate n-acetylgalactosamine 6-sulfate in quail egg white and characteristic distribution of sulfated sugar nucleotides in different avian eggs. | a sulfated sugar nucleotide has been isolated from quail egg white, and accounts for nearly 80% of the total sugar nucleotides found in the egg white. evidence is presented that this nucleotide is uridine diphosphate n-acetylgalactosamine 6-sulfate, an isomer of the 4-sulfated derivative of uridine diphosphate n-acetylgalactosamine previously found in chicken egg white. further studies on the distribution of sulfated sugar nucleotides in egg white of various birds (chicken, quail, pheasant, peaf ... | 1979 | 534643 |
| isolation of duck influenza virus from tirunelveli town in tamil nadu. | | 1979 | 535967 |
| the use of avian double monsters in studies on induction of the nervous system. | ninety-eight duck double monsters (siamese twins) were studied between 48 and 72 h of incubation in whole-mount or serial-sectioned preparations. each case was classified into one of four categories depending on the orientations of the two embryonic axes. in all classes, defects in primary neural induction of various parts of the embryonic nervous system were observed which depended to a large extent on the distance separating the anterior tips of the two notochords or on the relative positions ... | 1979 | 536689 |
| organochlorine pesticide residues in animals of tasmania, australia-1975-77. | animals taken in tasmania including duck (anas superciliosa), eel (anguilla australis), english perch (perca fluviatilis), white-faced heron (ardea pacifica), brown trout (salmo trutta), european starling (strunus vulgaris), cat (felis cattus), cormorant (phalacrocorax sp.), mutton bird (puffinus tenuirostris), tasmanian devil (sarcophilus harrisii), rainbow trout (salmo gairdnerii), tasmanian raven (corvus mellori), tench (tinca tinca), and quail (coturnix sp.) were sampled for p,p'-dde, pp,p'- ... | 1979 | 537866 |
| methods of estimating total lipid content in the redhead duck (aythya americana) and an evaluation of condition indices. | | 1979 | 540286 |
| teratogenic effects of external egg applications of methyl mercury in the mallard, anas platyrhynchos. | the embryotoxic potential of external applications of methyl mercury on mallard eggs was investigated to assess the possible impact of mercury transferred from the plumage of effluent-contaminated aquatic birds to their eggs. eggs were treated on day 3 of development with microliter applications of methyl mercury that was dissolved with ethyl acetate into an aliphatic hydrocarbon vehicle. mercury analysis by atomic absorption indicated that almost half of the mercury applied entered the eggs pas ... | 1979 | 542897 |
| effects of mild cold stress on the survival of seawater-adapted mallard ducks (anas platyrhynchos) maintained on food contaminated with petroleum. | | 1979 | 546648 |
| comparison of game-farm and wild-strain mallard ducks in accumulation of methylmercury. | the accumulation of mercury was compared in game-farm and wild-strain mallard ducks fed a diet containing 0.5 ppm mercury in the form of methylmercury dicyandiamide. there were no significant differences between the two strains in levels of mercury that accumulated in blood, kidney, liver, breast muscle, brain, eggs, or ducklings. mercury levels in blood were significantly correlated with levels in other tissues and eggs, as were levels in down feathers of ducklings with levels in carcasses of d ... | 1979 | 547019 |
| sexual behavior and plasma androgen concentrations in the male eider duck (somateria mollissima). | eider ducks showed clear tidal and seasonal cycles of display when involved in pair-formation behaviour. plasma androgen (testosterone and dihydrotestosterone) concentrations did not follow similar tidal cycles but there was a 4-fold increase of androgen in spring when rates of display increased 2-fold. there was no difference in androgen levels in blood samples taken from paired birds before and after coitus. androgens therefore appear to be essential for the expression of sexual behaviour, bu ... | 1977 | 557550 |
| a characterization of globin mrna sequences in the nucleus of duck immature red blood cells. | | 1977 | 561662 |
| diurnal variations of plasma gonadotrophins in male domestic ducks during the sexual cycle. | | 1977 | 561732 |
| [allergic reactions of pulsating cardiac cells in culture]. | the authors describe a method of cultivation and growth peculiarities in a culture of beating cells of the human embryo heart. the influence of homologous anticardiac antibodies and of the ambrosia allergen antiambrosia antibody complex on the contracting cells of the heart of chick and duck embryos was studied in a culture. pulsation of the cardiac cells was delayed and weakened under the effect of these factors; their vacuolization developed. | 1977 | 562204 |
| selective release of chromosomal proteins during limited dnaase 1 digestion of avian erythrocyte chromatin. | duck erythrocyte chromatin has been treated with dnaase 1 under conditions that are known to digest selectively the structural genes coding for globin mrnas. this limited digestion releases specific sets of nonhistone chromosomal proteins that are not preferentially released during limited digestion with micrococcal nuclease, which does not selectively attack the globin sequences. analysis of nucleosome monomer and multimer peaks separated on sucrose gradients after limited digestion with microc ... | 1977 | 562236 |
| lipid-protein globules of avian egg yolk. isolation and properties of globules stable in concentrated sodium chloride solution. | a new type of globular particle, the 'insoluble yolk globule', was isolated from the egg yolk of three avian species (hen, duck, and emu) by centrifugation or gel-filtration chromatography. these globules are stable in nacl and urea solutions at concentrations that dissolve or disrupt other constituents of yolk, the isolated globules are about 1% of the dry yolk of hen's and duck's eggs but about 8% emu's-egg yolk. most of these globules are less than 2 micrometer in diameter. electron micrograp ... | 1977 | 563717 |
| establishment of duck cell line derived from experimental tumor induced by 20-methylcholanthrene. | experimental tumors developed in white pekin ducks after intramuscular implantation of 20-methylcholanthrene. cells derived from the primary tumor were adapted successfully to grow in vitro and have growth characteristics similar to that of established cell lines of mammalian origin. the cell density rises rapidly and the doubling time is approximately 17 hr. the duck cells have been cultured successfully for at least 80 passages in votro. the continuously cultured cells have the characteristic ... | 1977 | 563848 |
| chronobiologic study in the domestic duck. i. quantitative and temporal study of the action of the white light, factor releasing the gonad-stimulation. | i. white light is an essential and specific external factor in the development and growth of the duck gonads. the effects of light vary according to: a. its intensity, up to a certain maximum, beyond which the effect on the gonads becomes reduced. b. its daily duration. c. its duration throughout the year. too prolonged daily exposure to light throughout the year, as in temperate climates, produces a refractory phase due to a sort of temporary fatigue of the gonad-stimulating mechanism and not t ... | 1978 | 567114 |
| behavioural and physiological effects of testosterone propionate and cyproterone acetate in immature male domestic ducks, anas platyrhynchos. | the behavioural and morphological effects of testosterone propionate and of the antiandrogen cyproterone acetate were studied in male domestic ducks. testosterone was also measured by radioimmunoassay in the plasma of these birds to relate the behaviour to the actual circulating levels of hormone. testosterone stimulates sexual behaviour but has few effects on social displays. there is no correlation between the individual variations of plasma testosterone and sexual behaviour. | 1978 | 569405 |
| chick and duck blastoderms can expand on each others vitelline membranes. | the expansion rates in vitro of chick and duck blastoderms transferred to each others vitelline membranes were compared with blastoderms left in place. duck blastoderms expanded slightly faster than chick, irrespective of membrane type. there was no specificity. | 1979 | 570510 |
| hypothalamic temperature and osmoregulation in the pekin duck. | the temperature of the anterior and middle hypothalamus of conscious pekin ducks was altered with chronically implanted thermodes. both urine formation and salt secretion by the supraorbital glands were influenced by hypothalamic cooling. when osmotic diuresis was induced by continuous intravenous infusion of 1.2 ml . min-1 of 293 mosm . kg-1 mannitol in h2o solution, hypothalamic cooling increased urine flow rate at reduced urine osmolality and unchanged osmolal excretion rate. the degree of th ... | 1979 | 571087 |
| temperature changes of the hypothalamus and body core in ducks feeding in cold water. | hypothalamic (thy), spinal(tsc) and colonic (tc) temperatures were measured in pekin ducks spontaneously dabbling for food in cold water (5 degrees c). in agreement with observations in the pigeon and the fowl thy was found to be consistently lower by about 0.5 degrees c than the other core temperatures. the drop of thy during dipping head and neck into the cold water was not substantially greater than that of tsc, while both changed more than tc. the measurements do not support the assumption t ... | 1979 | 571088 |
| mammalian-like thermosensitivity in the lower brainstem of the pekin duck. | in pekin ducks the brainstem between the preoptic region and the medulla oblongata was probed with chronically implanted bilateral thermodes to evaluate its thermosensory function in temperature regulation. cooling of the lower mesencephalic and rostral rhombencephalic region in conscious animals elicited cutaneous vasoconstriction and increased metabolic heat production by shivering. this finding contrasts to the observation of a paradoxical inhibition of cold defence activities by cooling the ... | 1979 | 572541 |
| somatotopic arrangement of the proprioceptive afferents from the jaw muscles in the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus of the duck. | | 1979 | 573991 |
| [dynamics of multiplication and changes in the virulence of several salmonella species in chicken and duck eggs]. | | 1979 | 574706 |
| purified duck embryo rabies vaccine. an accelerated schedule for preexposure immunization against rabies. | seroconversion and adverse reaction rates were studied in 92 persons given four or five doses in a two-week period of duck embryo rabies vaccine (dev) or duck embryo rabies vaccine purified by ultracentrifugation (p-dev). mouse-neutralizing antibodies developed in 78 of 92 (84.8%) persons in these accelerated schedules. there were no significant differences in the frequency of antibody conversion or in geometric mean titers of antibody between persons given either vaccine. however, local and sys ... | 1977 | 577520 |
| the deterioration of duck meat during storage as investigated for free amino acid nitrogen and organoleptic characteristics. | the carcasses of 8 week old pekin ducks were stored in the refrigerator at + 5 degrees c up to 21 days. after 11 days the occurrence of free amino acids reached its maximum and then decreased to the end of the storage period. it showed a significant linear and quadratic trend. the fresh meat is rejected after 9 days of storage due to off odour at 202, 179, and 159 mg of free amino acids in the breast, thigh, and drumstick muscles, respectively. the flavour of the broiled meat indicated deteriora ... | 1977 | 588215 |
| development of the oculomotor nucleus, with special reference to the time of cell origin and cell death. | the developmental pattern of the oculomotor nucleus from day 7 of incubation through two weeks after hatching was studied in white peking duck embryos. the neuroblasts comprising the nucleus complete their last phase of dna synthesis on days 4 and 5 and the anlage first appears on day 7. the various subnuclei become identifiable as distinct cell groups on day 8 or 9. there is a cell migration between the ventral-most portions of the two ventromedial nuclei on days 9 through 11, and as a result a ... | 1977 | 589472 |
| a possible role for gut gli: an inhibitor of lipolysis. | duck gut gli was incubated a) alone and b) with the lipolytically active duck pancreatic gli and the intestinal factors peak 2 and 3, and the glycerol released from duck adipocytes measured. intestinal gli was non-lipolytic, but not inert: it reduced the lipolysis induced by pancreatic gli and peak 2. | 1977 | 590920 |
| [functional anatomy of the feeding apparatus of the mallard (anas platyrhynchos l.) structure, movement, electro-myography and electro-neurography (author's transl)]. | a causal model for the functioning of the beakapparatus of the mallard during straining is formulated on a qualitative basis. the starting point for this model is an abstraction of the analysed structure of the muscle, bone, ligament system. the system was studied by electromyography and cinematography of the movements. it was attempted to quantify the model. connections with neurography are shown. | 1977 | 596635 |
| [enzymatic character and subcellular localization of the transformation reaction of 18 hydroxycorticosterone to aldosterone]. | the authors study in vitro the conversion of 18 hydroxycorticosterone into aldosterone in duck adrenal subcellular fractions. the enzymatic nature of this conversion is studied by classical enzymologic tests. all results are in favor of an enzymatic conversion and this enzyme is strictly located in the mitochondrial fraction. results concerning this localisation are expressed as specific activity and relative specific activity. preliminary results on further experimental data point out that this ... | 1977 | 597501 |
| thermosensitivity of single units in the hypothalamus of the conscious pekin duck. | | 1977 | 599334 |
| histological and quantitative studies on the postnatal growth of the duck spleen. | | 1977 | 599756 |
| [prevalence of ornithosis in the lithuanian ssr]. | as a result of immunological examination of 658 domestic ducks of 6 poultry farms and 269 doves caught in vilnius, antiornithosis antibodies were revealed in 3.1 +/- 0.7% of ducks and in 36.4 +/- 2.9% of doves. they were also found in 20 of 34 wild waterfowl. the causative agent of ornithosis was isolated in virological examination of the organs of a coot. ornithosis nature of an epizootic outbreak among ducks of a poultry farm was proved by virological examination. the population was examined i ... | 1977 | 602539 |
| shape, size and relative position of the skeletal elements of the skull and of the bills in unilaterally microphthalmic duck embryos [proceedings]. | | 1977 | 602842 |
| [redescription of d'apatemon (apatemon) graciliformis szidat, 1928 (trematoda: strigeidae) with a preliminary note on its life cycle (author's transl)]. | apatemon (apatemon) graciliformis szidat, 1928 is redescribed from specimens obtained experimentally in the domestic duck; the larval stages develop in biomphalaria glabrata in guadeloupe (french west indies). | 1977 | 603200 |
| [requirements of muscovy ducks (cairina moschata domestica) for crude protein and energy levels of fattening diets]. | groups of male and female cairina ducks subjected to equal starter feeding (1st to 3rd weeks) were used from the 4th week of live (fattening period) to test feed mixes of varying energy and crude protein levels (480 energetic feed equivalents/heu[efh] - 140 g crude protein[cp]; 480 efh - 180/g cp; 555 efh - 140 g cp; 555 efh - 180 g cp; 625 eeh - 140 g cp; 625 efh - 180 g cp - all figures referred to 1 kg of feed). the different energy levels remained without influence of the live weight develop ... | 1977 | 603397 |
| influenza viruses from avian and porcine sources and their possible role in the origin of human pandemic strains. | studies on influenza viruses from feral ducks trapped in canada in august 1976, gave a 26% isolation rate from cloacal samples of juvenile birds. several different influenza a viruses were isolated, some of which possessed novel hemagglutinin and/or neuraminidase antigens. influenza a viruses isolated from the rectum of feral ducks replicate in the upper respiratory tract and also in the intestinal tract of feral and domestic ducks. representative human influenza viruses of the h0n1, h3n2 and hs ... | 1977 | 604130 |
| serological and virological investigations fo orthomyxovirus in birds in south-east asian area. | we have previously reported that some species of migrating ducks (pintail, mallard, widgeon and falcated teal) possess in their sera antibodies against h antigens of human or avian influenza viruses. such findings have also been reported from other workers, and the appearance of new types of influenza viruses accompanied by outbreaks of new influenza pandemics, or circulation of influenza virus antigens in animals, birds and humans have been discussed on the basis of such findings. recently a nu ... | 1977 | 604133 |
| [the sensory trigeminal system of the mallard (anas platyrhynchos l.)]. | | 1977 | 610119 |
| [reciprocal modification of the beak parts during morphogenesis in chick and duck embryos]. | | 1977 | 610155 |
| evidence of androgen and estrogen receptors in the preen gland of male ducks. | androgen receptors have been found in duck preen glands by using dextran-coated charcoal adsorption. they bound dht with high affinity (kd = 0.2 nm), limited capacity (45 fmoles/mgp) and good specificity. they sedimented at 8 s in a sucrose gradient and were destroyed by pronase digestion and heating. an estrogen receptor having different binding specificity was also demonstrated. on the basis of a marked annual cycle of gonadal activity in ducks, this system appears appropriate for studying the ... | 1977 | 611636 |
| [indirect micro-haemagglutination method with duck erythrocytes for the diagnosis of hydatid disease (author's transl)]. | the aa. have compared the results obtained with a indirect micro-haemagglutination method with sheep erythrocytes with those obtained with the indirect micro-haemagglutination method with duck erythrocytes for the diagnosis of hydatid disease. the results obtained with the two methods were not different and there was a good correlation between both methods. the direct micro-haemagglutination method with duck erythrocytes appears to be a valid alternative of the method with sheep erythrocytes. | 1977 | 613362 |
| electron cytochemistry of developing and mature eosinophils in the bone marrow of the fowl and the duck. | enzyme cytochemical studies have been carried out on eosinophils in the fowl and the duck. peroxidase was found in all regions of the golgi apparatus, the rough endoplasmic reticulum and the perinuclear cisternae of the early cells. in fowl eosinophil granules irregular deposits of peroxidase and arylsulphatase final reaction product were found, but the acid phosphatase deposits were even. in the duck in contrast, peroxidase was demonstrated in the external part of the granule only. acid phospha ... | 1978 | 621162 |
| estimation of effective parabronchial gas volume during intermittent ventilatory flow: theory and application in the duck. | the difference in gas exchange performance between continuous and intermittent ventilatory flow is theoretically studied in the alveolar lung model. when measurements obtained with intermittent flow are analyzed assuming continuous flow, an apparent diffusing capacity. dapp, results which is an underestimate of the true value, d. this true value, d, may be assessed from measurements at continuous flow. with decreasing effective lung gas volume, veff, dapp increasingly deviates d. the dependence ... | 1978 | 625609 |
| visual system development in the duck embryo. | | 1978 | 627268 |
| blood flow distribution in the duck lung and its control by respiratory gases. | blood flow to subunits of the lung was studied in the duck by use of radioactive microspheres. in spontaneously breathing, unanesthetized animals (series i) neopulmo was slightly better perfused than the average lung and along the paleopulmonic parabronchi, blood flow was found to decrease in the direction of ventilatory gas flow and thus of decreasing po2 and increasing pco2 in lung gas. the effects of respiratory gases on regional lung perfusion were investigated in unidirectionally ventilated ... | 1978 | 629369 |