| attenuation, persistence, and vaccine potential of an edwardsiella ictaluri pura mutant. | in this study, an adenine-auxotrophic strain of edwardsiella ictaluri was constructed and its virulence, tissue persistence, and vaccine efficacy were evaluated. a clone containing the pura gene was isolated from an e. ictaluri genomic library, sequenced, and shown to have an overall sequence identity of 79.3% at the nucleotide level and 85.7% at the amino acid level with the escherichia coli pura gene. the cloned e. ictaluri pura gene was mutated by deleting a 598-bp segment of the gene and ins ... | 1997 | 9353045 |
| molecular biology of vertebrate transcription factor iiia: cloning and characterization of tfiiia from channel catfish oocytes. | tfiiia regulates 5s rrna synthesis and is the prototype of the cys2his2 superfamily of zinc finger proteins. because the tfiiia aa sequence is highly diverged, elucidating species variation in this factor will yield insights into how zinc fingers bind dna and how this protein regulates rnapiii transcription. this study reports the identification, cloning and functional divergence of oocyte tfiiia from the channel catfish. catfish oocyte tfiiia was identified by its association with 5s rrna in im ... | 1997 | 9426240 |
| neoergasilus japonicus (poecilostomatoida: ergasilidae), a parasitic copepod new to north america. | adult, gravid female neoergasilus japonicus harada, 1930 are described from several species of fish from lee county, alabama. samples of bluegill lepomis macrochirus rafinesque (n = 25), largemouth bass micropterus salmoides lacépéde (n = 6), redear sunfish lepomis microlophus gunther (n = 5), and channel catfish ictalurus punctatus rafinesque (n = 1) were collected between november 1993 and may 1995. prevalence of infection was 100% in all fish collected. the dorsal fin was the site of infectio ... | 1998 | 9488343 |
| temporal gene regulation of the channel catfish virus (ictalurid herpesvirus 1). | to identify promoter regions that impart differential temporal regulation of channel catfish virus (ccv) genes, the transcriptional kinetics of an immediate-early gene and prospective early and late genes were characterized. a cdna clone, designated ie3c, representing a third immediate-early transcript was identified. the 5' end of the ie3c transcript was mapped to nucleotides 15,368 and 131,043 in the terminal repeat regions of the ccv genome. the full length of the transcript represented by th ... | 1998 | 9499043 |
| the genome of salmonid herpesvirus 1. | salmonid herpesvirus 1 (salhv-1) is a pathogen of the rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). restriction endonuclease mapping, cosmid cloning, dna hybridization, and targeted dna sequencing experiments showed that the genome is 174.4 kbp in size, consisting of a long unique region (u(l); 133.4 kbp) linked to a short unique region (u(s); 25.6 kbp) which is flanked by an inverted repeat (r(s); 7.7 kbp). u(s) is present in virion dna in either orientation, but u(l) is present in a single orientation. ... | 1998 | 9499051 |
| expression kinetics and mapping of the thymidine kinase transcript and an immediate-early transcript from channel catfish virus. | three transcripts from the terminal repeat of the channel catfish virus (ccv; also known as ictalurid herpesvirus 1) genome were mapped by s1 nuclease and primer extension analyses as well as by cdna sequencing. these transcripts, tr3, tr5/6, and tr6, are encoded by open reading frame (orf) 3, orfs 5 and 6, and orf 6, respectively, and correspond to those previously identified by sequence analysis (a. j. davison, virology 186:9-14, 1992). orf 5 has previously been determined to encode thymidine ... | 1998 | 9557675 |
| characterization of oct2 from the channel catfish: functional preference for a variant octamer motif. | the ig heavy chain enhancer of the channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) has an unusual position and structure, being found in the 3' region of the mu gene and containing eight functional octamer motifs of consensus (atgcaaat) and variant sequences. the presence of multiple octamer motifs suggests that an oct2 homologue may play an important role in driving expression of the ig heavy chain locus in a teleost fish. to test this hypothesis, two catfish oct2 cdnas (alpha and beta) were cloned by sc ... | 1998 | 9558093 |
| fish lesions in the chesapeake bay: pfiesteria-like dinoflagellates and other etiologies. | ulcerative lesions and mass mortalities of atlantic estuarine fish, particularly menhaden (brevoortia tyrannus), have been associated with exposure to pfiesteria-like dinoflagellates and their toxins. we collected fish from the chicamacomico river, maryland, and observed solitary ulcerative lesions on the majority of menhaden sampled. one striped bass (morone saxatilis) had an area of reddening around the base of the dorsal fin. bluegill (lepomis machrochirus), channel catfish (ictalurus punctat ... | 1998 | 9601194 |
| induction of cytokine messenger rna transcripts in mouse macrophages by listeria monocytogenes isolated from channel catfish. | to determine whether differences exist in induction and quantity of tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-alpha), interleukin (il)1 beta, and il-10 mrna transcripts when mouse j774a.1 macrophages are infected with listeria monocytogenes, including 2 isolates originating from channel catfish, the wild-type virulent (egd) strain, and a nonhemolytic strain (atcc 15313). | 1998 | 9622740 |
| intracellular signaling events in superoxide generation and adhesion of channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus rafinesque, neutrophils to the extracellular matrix protein fibrinogen. | activation of channel catfish neutrophils is essential if these cells are to participate in adhesion to extracellular matrix proteins or generate intracellular superoxide for killing of microbes. various signaling pathways are required for these activities to occur. the objective of this study was to identify components of the signal transduction pathways in channel catfish neutrophils. a23187, bryostatin, and phorbol dibutyrate (pdbu) all induced catfish neutrophil adhesion to fibrinogen coated ... | 1998 | 9639087 |
| antimicrobial activity in the skin of the channel catfish ictalurus punctatus: characterization of broad-spectrum histone-like antimicrobial proteins. | three antibacterial proteins were isolated from acid extracts of channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) skin by cation exchange chromatography and reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography. the molecular masses of the proteins were 15.5, 15.5 and 30 kd as determined by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. mass spectrometry, amino acid composition and amino acid sequence data suggest that the most abundant protein is closely related to histone h2b. the h2b-like protein was inhibitory to ... | 1998 | 9645227 |
| liquid chromatographic determination of oxytetracycline in edible fish fillets from six species of fish. | the approved use of oxytetracycline (otc) in u.s. aquaculture is limited to specific diseases in salmonids and channel catfish. otc may also be effective in controlling diseases in other fish species important to public aquaculture, but before approved use of otc can be augmented, an analytical method for determining otc in fillet tissue from multiple species of fish will be required to support residue depletion studies. the objective of this study was to develop and validate a liquid chromatogr ... | 1998 | 9680693 |
| mitogen and growth factor-induced activation of a stat-like molecule in channel catfish lymphoid cells. | this article describes the identification of a putative stat molecule in the channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus), the first report of such a molecule in a 'lower' vertebrate. a monoclonal antibody against human stat6 recognizes an approximately 100 kda molecule that becomes activated and translocates to the nucleus upon both growth factor and mitogen stimulation of catfish leukocytes. this presumed catfish stat binds the mammalian interferon-gamma activation site, a known motif of mammalian st ... | 1998 | 9683258 |
| evidence for jak-stat interaction in channel catfish lymphoid cells. | herein is described the identification of a putative jak molecule in the channel catfish. a commercially available polyclonal antibody against human jak1 was shown to react in western blot analyses with molecules of approximately 140, 80, and 60 kda from cell lysates of catfish long-term lymphoid cell lines. it is postulated that the 140 kda protein is a catfish jak homolog and the 80 and 60 kda proteins may represent breakdown products of the 140 kda protein. both the 140 and 60 kda proteins ap ... | 1998 | 9699485 |
| growth of inoculated psychrotrophic pathogens on refrigerated fillets of aquacultured rainbow trout and channel catfish. | aquacultured rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) and channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) fillets were inoculated with the psychrotrophic pathogens listeria monocytogenes and aeromonas hydrophila: cell populations were monitored during refrigerated storage at 2 to 4 degrees c. fillets of both species were placed individually in sterile plastic bags and inoculated with cell suspensions (10(4.7) cfu/100 g of fish) of either a. hydrophila or l monocytogenes or of both a. hydrophila and l. monocyto ... | 1998 | 9708302 |
| channel catfish reovirus (crv) inhibits replication of channel catfish herpesvirus (ccv) by two distinct mechanisms: viral interference and induction of an anti-viral factor. | catfish reovirus (crv), a double stranded rna virus, inhibited channel catfish herpes-virus (ccv) replication by 2 different mechanisms: (1) directly as a consequence of its own replication, and (2) indirectly due to the induction of an anti-viral factor. in the former, prior infection with crv significantly reduced subsequent ccv protein synthesis and virus yield. crv mediated-interference was greatest when crv infection preceded ccv infection by 16 h, and was least when cell cultures were simu ... | 1998 | 9722405 |
| characterization of listeria monocytogenes isolated from channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus). | to characterize listeria monocytogenes from tissues of channel catfish for their ability to cause hemolysis and grow intracellularly in mouse macrophages. | 1998 | 9736389 |
| inducible expression of green fluorescent protein within channel catfish cells by a cecropin gene promoter. | the activity of an insect promoter of the cecropin b gene (cec b) was investigated using green fluorescent protein (gfp) as a reporter in cells of channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus). the expression vector pqz-1 containing the cec b promoter and a modified gfp cdna sequence was delivered by lipofection to three catfish types: fibroblast and leukocyte cell lines, and primary cultures of leukocytes. no resistance genes were included in the vector for selection of gfp-expressing cells. the gfp mr ... | 1998 | 9766968 |
| crop grouping: a proposal for public aquaculture. | production in us aquaculture is limited by the few fda-approved drugs available for use. the problem is compounded by the high costs and long time frames associated with extending the approved label of an existing drug to treat additional fish species. an fda approved crop grouping plan could significantly reduce the costs associated with extending or expanding the label of a currently approved drug to other species. before fda could sanction such a plan, they require scientific data with which ... | 1998 | 9823579 |
| development and use of modified live edwardsiella ictaluri vaccine against enteric septicemia of catfish. | the present study showed that e. ictaluri re-33 vaccine does not cause esc but does stimulate protective immunity. the re-33 vaccinates were protected against esc for at least 4 months following a single bath immersion in a low number of e. ictaluri re-33 without booster vaccination. antibody responses are weak after re-33 vaccination. edwardsiella ictaluri re-33 vaccine presents no risk or hazard to catfish. re-33 vaccine will prevent esc caused by most isolates of e. ictaluri in catfish. we re ... | 1999 | 9890040 |
| cloning and expression of a putative glycoprotein gene of channel catfish virus using baculovirus expression system. | the 1035 base-pair (bp) open reading frame 59 (orf59) of channel catfish virus (ccv) codes for an abundant hydrophobic membrane glycoprotein considered to be the major envelope glycoprotein of the virus. the orf59 gene of ccv was cloned into the baculovirus genome by site-specific transposition and expressed in spodoptera frugiperda cells (sf9 cells). expressed protein could be recognized by polyclonal antibody against ccv and appeared to have the same electrophoretic mobility as native protein. ... | 1998 | 9891736 |
| prevalence and characteristics of aeromonas species isolated from processed channel catfish. | from august 1994 to may 1995, 238 channel catfish fillets collected from three processing plants in the mississippi delta at four time periods were tested for the presence of aeromonas species. identification of aeromonas spp. was accomplished using an automated vitek bioassay system with gram-negative and nonfermenter cards. approximately 36.1% were positive for a. hydrophila, 35.7% for a. sobria, and 10.9% for a. caviae. all three aeromonas spp. were found in all three processing plants, and t ... | 1999 | 9921825 |
| quantitative pcr for listeria monocytogenes with colorimetric detection. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa)-mediated polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technique was developed to detect and quantify listeria monocytogenes in food products. the bacterial dna was extracted from artificially contaminated food and co-amplified with a synthetic internal standard (is) using primers specific for the target gene coding for the invasive-associated protein (i.a.p.), a virulence factor of l. monocytogenes (i.a.p.) or is in the presence of fluorescein-dutp pcr products we ... | 1999 | 9921826 |
| the arginine taste receptor. physiology, biochemistry, and immunohistochemistry. | the amino acid, l-arginine (l-arg), is a potent taste stimulus for the channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus. receptor binding studies demonstrated a high-affinity binding of l-arg to putative taste receptor sites. this binding could be inhibited by preincubation of the tissue in the lectins phaseolus vulgaris agglutinin (pha) and ricinus communis agglutinin i (rca i). neurophysiological studies demonstrated that the l-arg receptor is a stimulus-gated ion channel type receptor whose conductance w ... | 1998 | 9929594 |
| internalization of g protein-coupled receptors in single olfactory receptor neurons. | desensitization of many g protein-coupled receptors after ligand binding generally involves phosphorylation of the receptors and internalization of the ligand-bound, phosphorylated receptors by a clathrin-mediated endocytic pathway. olfactory receptor neurons from the channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) express the g protein-coupled odorant receptors and metabotropic glutamate receptors. to determine whether a clathrin-dependent receptor internalization pathway exists in olfactory receptor neu ... | 1999 | 9930725 |
| capsid structure of simian cytomegalovirus from cryoelectron microscopy: evidence for tegument attachment sites. | we have used cryoelectron microscopy and image reconstruction to study b-capsids recovered from both the nuclear and the cytoplasmic fractions of cells infected with simian cytomegalovirus (scmv). scmv, a representative betaherpesvirus, could thus be compared with the previously described b-capsids of the alphaherpesviruses, herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and equine herpesvirus 1 (ehv-1), and of channel catfish virus, an evolutionarily remote herpesvirus. nuclear b-capsid architecture is ge ... | 1999 | 9971801 |
| induction of lauric acid hydroxylase activity in catfish and bluegill by peroxisome proliferating agents. | in mammals, sensitivity to peroxisome proliferation by peroxisome proliferating agents (ppas) appears to be correlated with inducibility of lauric acid hydroxylase activity. bluegill and catfish have been shown to respond to ppas by induction of lauric acid hydroxylase immunoreactive proteins (haasch, 1996). in this investigation, induction of lauric acid hydroxylase activity was confirmed by hplc and mass spectral analysis of specific hydroxylation products and possible species-specific differe ... | 1998 | 9972471 |
| small subunit ribosomal rna sequence of henneguya exilis (class myxosporea) identifies the actinosporean stage from an oligochaete host. | several transmission studies, as well as recent molecular data, have indicated that the two classes myxosporea and actinosporea represent different life cycle stages of myxozoa. to evaluate the life cycles of myxozoa in catfish aquaculture systems, the small subunit (18s) ribosomal rna gene sequences of henneguya exilis, a myxosporean from channel catfish ictalurus punctatus, and an actinosporean (previously designated as aurantiactinomyxon janiszewskai) from the aquatic oligochaete dero digitat ... | 1999 | 10188262 |
| molecular and functional characterization of channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) neutrophil collagenase. | channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) neutrophils, like mammalian neutrophils, contain a variety of enzymes and lytic peptides that participate in pathogen destruction. we have identified and characterized from a channel catfish anterior kidney cdna library a 1.6 kb cdna that encodes for channel catfish neutrophil collagenase. the deduced amino acid sequence has a predicted molecular mass of 53 kda. the putative catfish collagenase has nucleotide and amino acid homology of 51.4% and 45.1%, respe ... | 1999 | 10206199 |
| channel catfish virus gene 50 encodes a secreted, mucin-like glycoprotein. | cells infected with the wild-type (wt) strain of channel catfish virus (ccv) secreted a glycoprotein with an apparent molecular mass (mm) superior to 200 kda into the culture medium. this protein, designated gp250, was the sole viral glycoprotein detected in the culture medium after [3h]mannose labeling of the infected cells. when cells were infected with the attenuated v60 strain, a glycoprotein of 135 kda (designated gp135) was detected instead of gp250. because wt gene 50 is predicted to enco ... | 1999 | 10208935 |
| the interaction of chlorinated alicyclic insecticides with brain gaba(a) receptors in channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus). | chlorinated alicyclic insecticides are believed to antagonize the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) at its receptor in vertebrates. binding of the specific gaba(a) receptor ligand [35s]-t-butylbicyclophosphorothionate (tbps) to channel catfish brain p2 membranes suggested a single population of receptors with a kd (56.6+/-2.6 nm) and bmax (2435+/-276 fmol/mg protein) that are similar to published values for other fish species. the competition of several chlorinated co ... | 1999 | 10321384 |
| anti-immunoglobulin antisera used in an elisa to detect antibodies in barramundi lates calcarifer to cryptocaryon irritans. | immunoglobulins (ig) in serum from barramundi vaccinated with bovine serum albumin (bsa) were purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation and affinity chromatography using bsa as the ligand. the bsa-binding activity of eluted putative ig fractions was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) before being pooled and characterised by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page). double affinity purification did not improve the purity of the ig preparation comp ... | 1999 | 10349549 |
| production of monoclonal antibodies to listeria monocytogenes and their application to determine the virulence of isolates from channel catfish. | we produced monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to the extracellular proteins of listeria monocytogenes egd grown in chelex-treated improved minimal medium. ten of the positive hybridomas generated were chosen for further characterization. seven of the mabs reacted with a protein having a molecular mass of 60 kda. these mabs inhibited listeriolysin (llo)-mediated hemolysis, and two of them were specific for llo and none of the other thiol-activated toxins tested. in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ... | 1999 | 10388671 |
| detection of channel catfish virus dna in latently infected catfish. | channel catfish virus (ccv) disease is an acute haemorrhagic disease in juvenile channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus). while fish that survive primary ccv infection are suspected of being carriers of ccv, little is known concerning ccv latency. in this report, fingerling catfish were infected with ccv by experimental immersion challenge. infected fish displayed clinical signs of ccv disease, but 22% of infected fish survived the acute disease. at 140 days post-infection, pcr analysis detected c ... | 1999 | 10423151 |
| influence of the mu-chain c-terminal sequence on polymerization of immunoglobulin m. | immunoglobulin (igm) is found in various states of covalent polymerization (microl)n, where n is typically 8, 10, or 12. the usual form of igm of bony fish is tetrameric (8 microl units) as compared to the pentameric form (10 microl units) observed in cartilaginous fish and mammals. two hypotheses were tested in this study. first, that the length of the mu-chain c terminus following cys575 determines whether an igm polymerizes as a tetramer or as a pentamer. this was tested by examining the cova ... | 1999 | 10447761 |
| molecular cloning and phylogenetic analysis of the atlantic salmon immunoglobulin d gene. | a gene homologous to the igd heavy chain (delta) gene in channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) was found 0.9 kb downstream of the igm heavy chain (mu) gene in atlantic salmon (salmo salar). as in catfish, the first constant mu exon is spliced into the delta transcripts. in agreement with the tetraploid ancestry of the salmonid fish family there are two highly similar delta genes in atlantic salmon. characterization of these genes showed that they encode seven 'unique' ig domains, three of which ... | 1999 | 10447926 |
| establishment and characterization of 13 cell lines from a green turtle (chelonia mydas) with fibropapillomas. | thirteen cell lines were established and characterized from brain, kidney, lung, spleen, heart, liver, gall bladder, urinary bladder, pancreas, testis, skin, and periorbital and tumor tissues of an immature male green turtle (chelonia mydas) with fibropapillomas. cell lines were optimally maintained at 30 degrees c in rpmi 1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum. propagation of the turtle cell lines was serum dependent, and plating efficiencies ranged from 13 to 37%. the cell lines, ... | 1999 | 10462202 |
| cloning and characterization of a gene encoding phosphatidyl inositol-specific phospholipase c from trypanosoma cruzi. | a gene encoding phosphatidyl inositol-4,5-bisphosphate phospholipase c (plc) was cloned from the protozoan parasite trypanosoma cruzi. a partial cdna encoding putative plc was obtained by a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) using degenerate oligonucleotide primers corresponding to conserved regions of plcs. a 2178-bp protein coding region of the t. cruzi plc gene, composed from cdna and genomic clones, encodes a putative plc with a calculated molecular mass of 82,032 da and an isoelectric point of ... | 1999 | 10498184 |
| cell surface expression of the endoplasmic reticular heat shock protein gp96 is phylogenetically conserved. | in mammals, the heat shock protein gp96 complexed to antigenic peptides elicits t cell adaptive immunity. by itself, however, gp96 can evoke responses that are characteristic of innate immunity. interestingly, this protein, which resides in the endoplasmic reticulum, is expressed on the surface of certain mouse tumor cells. given that heat shock proteins are highly conserved, we investigated whether the cell surface expression of gp96 is also evolutionarily conserved. our data reveal that gp96, ... | 1999 | 10510348 |
| identification of a beta 2 (cd18) molecule in a teleost species, ictalurus punctatus rafinesque. | beta 2, in combination with the alpha subunit, is responsible for tight adhesion of leukocytes, especially neutrophils and macrophages, in areas of inflammation. although identified in mammalian and avian species; the beta 2 or cd18 molecule has yet to be identified in fish. the present investigation has identified a full-length channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus, cdna beta 2 molecule composed of 2.8 kb and a deduced amino acid sequence of 772 amino acids. the catfish molecule has an amino aci ... | 1999 | 10579386 |
| in vivo acetylcholinesterase inhibition, metabolism, and toxicokinetics of aldicarb in channel catfish: role of biotransformation in acute toxicity. | the carbamate pesticide, aldicarb, demonstrates significant acute toxicity in mammals, birds, and fish through the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (ache), and may present high potential for exposure of aquatic organisms during periods of runoff. toxicity studies have shown that channel catfish are less sensitive to the acute toxic effects of aldicarb than are rainbow trout or bluegill. an earlier in vitro study suggests that the aldicarb resistance in catfish may be related to a low level of ... | 2000 | 10696779 |
| the influence of diet on the regional distribution of glutathione s-transferase activity in channel catfish intestine. | there is evidence that glutathione conjugates are the major metabolites formed following systemic uptake of carcinogenic contaminants from the intestine. the effect of commercial diet versus a semi-purified diet on the distribution of glutathione s-transferase (gst) activity was examined in proximal, medial, and distal sections of catfish intestine. the bulk of gst activity with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, ethacrynic acid, and 3h-benzo[a]pyrene-4,5-oxide, and the percent cytosolic protein cross ... | 2000 | 10711630 |
| purification and characterization of hepatic and intestinal phenol sulfotransferase with high affinity for benzo[a]pyrene phenols from channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus. | cytosol from channel catfish liver and intestinal mucosa has high sulfotransferase activity with low concentrations of 3-, 7-, or 9-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene. to further investigate this conjugation pathway, sulfotransferase activity toward 9-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene was isolated from catfish intestinal and hepatic cytosol by chromatography on anion exchange and pap-agarose affinity columns. sds-page of the active fractions showed that one major band with molecular size of about 41,000 da was isolated ... | 2000 | 10775429 |
| evidence for leptin expression in fishes. | tissues from bony fish were screened with anti-mouse leptin antibodies to detect the presence of the fat-regulating hormone in fishes. low molecular-weight (16 kda) immunoreactive bands were detected in blood, brain, heart and liver of green sunfish (lepomis cyanellus), bluegill sunfish (lepomis macrochirus), largemouth bass (micropterus salmoides), white crappie (pomonix annularis), channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus), and rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). to further verify that we had ide ... | 2000 | 10797324 |
| activities of affinity-isolated glutathione s-transferase (gst) from channel catfish whole intestine. | a glutathione s-transferase (gst) fraction was isolated from cytosol prepared from catfish intestinal mucosa by gsh-agarose affinity chromatography and its molecular weight, isoelectric points, substrate specificities and immunochemical cross-reactivity were examined. intestinal gsts were purified 100-fold with respect to cytosolic activity with 1-chloro-2, 4-dinitrobenzene and had high activity with ethacrynic acid, (+/-)benzo(a)pyrene-4,5-oxide, and (+/-)anti-benzo(a)pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,1 ... | 2000 | 10814804 |
| pathogenicity and production of virulence factors by listeria monocytogenes isolates from channel catfish. | pathogenicity of four channel catfish listeria monocytogenes isolates (ccf1, ccf4, hcc7, and hcc23) was examined in a comparative manner with virulent type strains l. monocytogenes atcc 19115 and egd and avirulent type strain atcc 15313 in bdf and a/j mice. isolates hcc7 and ccf1 (both serovar 1) caused similar percent mortalities and 50% lethal concentration values when compared with virulent type strains and were therefore considered pathogenic. the presence of the virulence factors listerioly ... | 2000 | 10826718 |
| transcriptional regulation of the channel catfish virus genome direct repeat region. | channel catfish virus (ccv), a member of the herpesvirus family, causes a severe haemorrhagic disease in juvenile channel catfish. in this report, we confirm that ccv gene expression is temporally regulated into immediate-early (ie), early and late phases, similar to that of other herpesviruses. the transcriptional regulation of the 14 genes within the direct repeat region of the ccv genome was determined by northern hybridization analysis of rna isolated from infected cells in the presence or a ... | 2000 | 10900039 |
| the skeletal muscle alpha-actin gene of channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) and its association with piscine specific sine elements. | the alpha-actin gene of channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) was cloned and sequenced. the gene has a similar organization and exhibited a high level of sequence similarity to those from other vertebrate animals. the upstream region of the alpha-actin gene included a tata box, a caat box, three e-boxes, and a carg box. nested deletion segments containing these transcriptional motifs were fused to the reporter gene chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (cat). transfection of the clones into c2c12 c ... | 2000 | 10903449 |
| characterization and expression of an eb1 protein in ictalurus punctatus neutrophils. | we have identified an eb1 gene (cfeb1) and protein in channel catfish neutrophils. the complete cdna sequence is 1725 bp and the putative protein is composed of 258 amino acids. western blot analysis of channel catfish neutrophil cell membrane with a monoclonal antibody (14i) yielded a 28 kd protein band with the protein preparation. aside from neutrophils only a small percentage of other cells tested expressed detectable amounts of eb1 as determined by flow cytometry. furthermore, eb1 expressio ... | 2000 | 10906387 |
| transcriptional enhancers of immunoglobulin light chain genes in atlantic cod (gadus morhua). | the organization of immunoglobulin heavy (h) chain genes in teleosts resembles that of mammals and amphibians, whereas light (l) chain genes are arranged in multiple clusters of variable (vl), joining (jl), and constant (cl) region segments. sequence analysis of two atlantic cod genomic clones (14,966 and 13,116 bp in length) revealed a very compact igl chain locus with the vl genes in opposite transcriptional orientation to the jl and the cl genes. this suggests the possibility of rearrangement ... | 2000 | 10941836 |
| molecular characterization and leukocyte distribution of a teleost beta1 integrin molecule. | the beta1 integrin, in combination with the alpha subunit, is responsible for migration of leukocytes into areas of inflammation. although identified in mammalian species; the beta1 or cd29 molecule has yet to be identified in fish. the present investigation has identified a full-length channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus, cdna beta1 molecule composed of 2786 bases and a deduced amino acid sequence of 797 amino acids. the catfish molecule has an amino acid identity ranging from 71.87 to 74.12% ... | 2000 | 10973686 |
| reduction of endogenous bacteria associated with catfish fillets using the grovac process. | fresh catfish (ictalurus punctatus) fillets are known to be contaminated with a large number of spoilage and pathogenic bacteria. the grovac method, a new patented (u.s. 5,543,163) process, was evaluated for its efficacy in reducing the number of pathogens and spoilage microorganisms associated with food. this process involves using a processing solution containing ascorbic acid (aa) and sodium chloride (nacl), vacuum, and tumbling. a total of 51 bacterial isolates were isolated and identified f ... | 2000 | 10983798 |
| cholera toxin has adjuvant properties in channel catfish when injected intraperitoneally. | | 2000 | 10994591 |
| survivability and immune responses after challenge with edwardsiella ictaluri in susceptible and resistant families of channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus. | diseases in catfish farming are prevalent and costly, particularly the bacterial disease enteric septicemia of catfish. considerable research has focused on different aspects of this disease, including the biology of the causative agent, edwardsiella ictaluri. however, no satisfactory treatment or preventive has resulted from these efforts. one solution is to increase the natural disease resistance of the fish through genetic selection. recent research has demonstrated that genetic factors influ ... | 2000 | 11016583 |
| transcriptome analysis of channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus): genes and expression profile from the brain. | expressed sequence tag (est) analysis was conducted using a complementary dna (cdna) library made from the brain mrna of channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus). as part of our transcriptome analysis in catfish to develop molecular reagents for comparative functional genomics, here we report analysis of 1201 brain cdna clones. of the 1201 clones, 595 clones (49.5%) were identified as known genes by blast searches and 606 clones (50.5%) as unknown genes. the 595 clones of known gene products repres ... | 2000 | 11167026 |
| characterization of a virus obtained from snakeheads ophicephalus striatus with epizootic ulcerative syndrome (eus) in the philippines. | this is the first report of the isolation and characterization of a fish virus from the philippines. the virus was isolated using snakehead spleen cells (shs) from severely lesioned epizootic ulcerative syndrome (eus)-affected snakehead ophicephalus striatus from laguna de bay, in january 1991. the virus induced cytopathic effects (cpe) in shs cells yielding a titer of 3.02 x 10(6) tcid50 ml(-1) at 25 degrees c within 2 to 3 d. other susceptible cell lines included bluegill fry (bf-2), catfish s ... | 2000 | 11206734 |
| molecular biology of channel catfish gonadotropin receptors: 1. cloning of a functional luteinizing hormone receptor and preovulatory induction of gene expression. | there is little known about the molecular biology of piscine gonadotropin receptors, and information about gene expression during reproductive development is particularly lacking. we have cloned the lh receptor (lhr) in the channel catfish (cc), and examined its gene expression throughout a reproductive cycle. a cdna encoding the receptor was isolated from the testis using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) and rapid amplification of cdna ends procedures. it encoded a 696-a ... | 2001 | 11207219 |
| thioredoxin acts as a b cell growth factor in channel catfish. | to identify differentially expressed genes from channel catfish macrophages, a cdna library from lps-stimulated catfish macrophages was screened by subtractive hybridization. this screening yielded a 552-bp cdna coding for catfish thioredoxin (cf-trx). the deduced amino acid sequence revealed that cf-trx contains 107 amino acids and is 59% homologous to human adult t cell leukemia-derived factor/trx, originally described as an il-2r alpha-inducing factor. northern blot analyses showed that cf-tr ... | 2001 | 11207242 |
| prevalence of streptococcus iniae in tilapia, hybrid striped bass, and channel catfish on commercial fish farms in the united states. | to determine the prevalence of streptococcus iniae in tilapia (oreochromis spp), hybrid striped bass (morone chrysops x m saxatilis), and channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) on commercial fish farms in the united states. | 2001 | 11212023 |
| molecular cloning and functional characterization of a novel delayed rectifier potassium channel from channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus): expression in taste buds. | the gustatory system of channel catfish is widely studied for its sensitivity to amino acids. as a first step in identifying the molecular components that play a role in taste transduction in catfish, we cloned the full-length cdna for kv2-catfish, a novel k(+) channel that is expressed in taste buds. the deduced amino acid sequence is 816 residues, and shares a 56-59% sequence identity with kv2.1 and kv2.2, the other members of the vertebrate kv2 subfamily of voltage-gated k(+) channels. the kv ... | 2001 | 11238731 |
| occurrence of ichthyophthirius multifiliis within the peritoneal cavities of infected channel catfish ictalurus punctatus. | ichthyophthirius multifiliis is a ciliated protozoan parasite that infects the skin and gills of freshwater fish. this report describes the unusual finding of i. multifiliis within the peritoneal cavities of experimentally infected channel catfish ictalurus punctatus. twenty catfish fingerlings were exposed to i. multifiliis theronts using a standardized protocol. five infected fish and 2 control fish were killed at various time points after infection and their tissues examined. formalin-fixed, ... | 2001 | 11253873 |
| no detectable dna excision repair in uv-exposed hepatocytes from two catfish species. | dna repair is a critical process in protecting cellular genetic information from mutation. nucleotide excision repair (ner) is a mechanism by which cells correct dna damage caused by agents that form bulky covalent adducts and uv photoproducts such as thymine dimers and 6-4 photoproduct. ner, sometimes called dark repair, is generally accepted as being low in fish compared to mammals. this study was designed to quantitate ner in two related catfish species that have known differential sensitivit ... | 2001 | 11255108 |
| histone-like protein: a novel method for measuring stress in fish. | we assessed the effect of chronic stress using a group of potent, broad-spectrum antimicrobial polypeptides, called histone-like proteins (hlps), which appear to be an important component of non-specific immunity in channel catfish ictalurus punctatus skin. an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed to measure the predominant hlp (hlp-1) in channel catfish skin. catfish were then exposed to a chronic stress consisting of overcrowding and elevated ammonia. healthy unstressed fish ... | 2001 | 11324821 |
| hormonal control of osmoregulation in the channel catfish ictalurus punctatus. | prolactin (prl) is an important hormone for freshwater adaptation in many teleost species. in some euryhaline fishes, growth hormone (gh) and cortisol are involved in seawater adaptation by stimulating ion extrusion. when channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) were transferred from fresh water to dilute seawater (300-400 mosm), their plasma osmolality was always higher than the environmental salinity. in correlation with the increase in plasma osmolality, significant increases in plasma cortisol ... | 2001 | 11356039 |
| accumulation, distribution, and toxicity of copper in sediments of catfish ponds receiving periodic copper sulfate applications. | copper sulfate (cuso4) is applied periodically to commercial channel catfish (ictalurus panctatus) ponds as an algicide or parasiticide. current understanding of the chemistry of copper in soil-water systems suggests that copper may accumulate in pond sediments, although the forms and potential bioavailability of copper in catfish pond sediments are not known. this study investigated the accumulation and distribution of copper in the sediment of catfish ponds receiving periodic additions of cuso ... | 2001 | 11401280 |
| the effects of tributyltin (tbt) and 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (pcb-126) mixtures on antibody responses and phagocyte oxidative burst activity in channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus. | the organotin tributyltin (tbt) is an antifouling biocide used in marine paints and is a common pollutant in harbor estuaries. we previously demonstrated that the immune system of channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus, is a sensitive target organ of tbt. exposure strongly suppresses humoral immune responses. harbor estuaries often contain polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) due to their ubuquitous distribution. the coplanar congener 3,3',4,4'5'-polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb-126) is also immunotoxic ... | 2001 | 11443370 |
| effect of lectins on the invasion of ichthyophthirius theront to channel catfish tissue. | this study determined the effects of lectin binding to theronts of ichthyophthirius multifiliis on theront immobilization, invasion, trophont development and survival in channel catfish ictalurus punctatus excised fins in vitro. soybean agglutinin (sba), lentil agglutinin (lca), gorse agglutinin (uea-i) and wheat germ agglutinin (wga) were used to treat theronts. percentages of theronts immobilized by 4 lectins ranged from 12.0 to 19.4% at a concentration of 1000 microg ml(-1). these lectins bou ... | 2001 | 11463098 |
| molecular biology of the channel catfish gonadotropin receptors: 2. complementary dna cloning, functional expression, and seasonal gene expression of the follicle-stimulating hormone receptor. | molecular cloning of the channel catfish fsh receptor is reported together with temporal changes in the gene expression throughout a reproductive cycle. a cdna encoding the receptor was isolated from the testis using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) and rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) procedures. the cdna coded for a 662-amino acid protein that was most identical (51%-59%) to salmon gonadotropin receptor i and the fsh receptors of higher vertebrates, and less iden ... | 2001 | 11514332 |
| multiple isoforms and an unusual cathodic isoform of creatine kinase from channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus). | in vertebrates, the creatine kinase (ck) family consists of two cytosolic and two mitochondrial isoforms. the two cytosolic isoforms are the muscle type (m-ck) and the brain type (b-ck). here we report multiple ck isoenzymes in the diploid channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) with one unusual cathodic isoform that was previously found only in pathological situations in human. the cathodic ck isoform existed only in the channel catfish stomach, ovary, and spleen, but not in any other species ana ... | 2001 | 11587847 |
| inactivation of frog virus 3 and channel catfish virus by esculentin-2p and ranatuerin-2p, two antimicrobial peptides isolated from frog skin. | while it is clear that some amphibian populations have recently experienced precipitous declines, the causes of those die-offs are complex and likely involve multiple variables. one theory suggests that environmental factors may trigger events that result in depressed immune function and increased susceptibility to infectious disease. here we examine one aspect of innate immunity in amphibians and show that esculentin-2p (e2p) and ranatuerin-2p (r2p), two antimicrobial peptides isolated from ran ... | 2001 | 11601906 |
| microsatellite-containing genes from the channel catfish brain: evidence of trinucleotide repeat expansion in the coding region of nucleotide excision repair gene rad23b. | expansion of trinucleotide repeats within genes is well known to cause pathological conditions in humans. here we report a large number of genes containing simple sequence repeats (ssr) from the brain of channel catfish, of which a homologue of the rad23b gene was found to include (cca) trinucleotide repeats within its coding region. because of the importance of the rad23b gene in the nucleotide excision repair (ner) system, the catfish rad23b locus was further characterized. the (acc) repeats e ... | 2001 | 11716474 |
| protective immunity induced by dna vaccination of channel catfish with early and late transcripts of the channel catfish herpesvirus (ihv-1). | seven full-length transcripts encoding four early and three late genes of the channel catfish virus (ccv), ictalurid herpesvirus i (ihv-1), have been cloned following rt-pcr amplification and dna sequencing. transcripts were selected based on their predicted association with membrane structures, identification as an envelope glycoprotein, or as a viral capsid protein. the transcripts derived from orf 6, orf 7, orf 8a, orf 10, orf 51, orf 53, and orf 59 were all shown to be complete and unspliced ... | 2002 | 11777531 |
| surface immobilization antigen of the parasitic ciliate ichthyophthirius multifiliis elicits protective immunity in channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus). | channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) that survive infection with the parasitic ciliate ichthyophthirius multifiliis acquire immunity to subsequent challenge and produce specific antibodies in serum that immobilize the parasite in vitro. cellular surface protein antigens targeted by these antibodies are referred to as immobilization antigens (i-antigens). by using an immobilizing mouse monoclonal antibody as a ligand, the i-antigen of i. multifiliis isolate g5 was purified to homogeneity by immu ... | 2002 | 11777850 |
| genetic manipulations in aquaculture: a review of stock improvement by classical and modern technologies. | the aim of this review was to highlight the extent to which the genetic technologies are implemented by the aquaculture industry. the review shows that some of the modern genetic technologies are already extensively applied by the diverse aquaculture industries, though not to the same extent for all important aquacultured species (according to fao 1998 figures). some species (common carp, atlantic salmon, rainbow trout, channel catfish, nile tilapia, and the pacific oyster) received concentrated ... | 2001 | 11841164 |
| portals of entry and systemic localization of proliferative gill disease organisms in channel catfish ictalurus punctatus. | immunized rabbit serum adsorbed in live catfish was used in indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat) to detect developmental life stages of henneguya ictaluri n. sp. this myxozoan parasite is associated with proliferative gill disease in channel catfish ictalurus punctatus (rafinesque) in the usa. specific pathogen free fingerlings were experimentally infected with the actinosporean stage of h. ictaluri and necropsied 24, 48, 72, and 96 h post-infection. at 24 h post-infection parasite stages w ... | 2001 | 11843138 |
| health of lake whitefish (coregonus clupeaformis) with elevated tissue levels of environmental contaminants. | lake whitefish (coregonus clupeaformis) were collected in 1996 from the st. lawrence river, quebec, canada. histologic examination was performed on major organs of 497 specimens and on the liver of 48 additional individuals. preneoplastic and neoplastic hepatic changes consisted of vacuolated cell (n = 65), clear cell (n = 17), and acidophilic (n = 16) foci of altered hepatocyte, hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 12), cholangioma (n = 5), and cholangiocarcinoma (n = 28). six fish were intersexes (1. ... | 2002 | 11883413 |
| circulating lysozyme and hepatic cyp1a activities during a chronic dietary exposure to tributyltin (tbt) and 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (pcb-126) mixtures in channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus. | exposure to planar congeners of halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons (hahs) leads to a myriad of toxicities, including developmental, reproductive, and immunotoxic effects. halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons possessing structural similarity to tcdd, such as 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (pcb-126), are more prevalent in the environment than tcdd, and they elicit similar toxic effects, primarily through the cytosolic aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (ahr). while polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) are ubi ... | 2002 | 11991632 |
| bioaccumulation of pcbs in aquatic biota from a tidal freshwater marsh ecosystem. | water, sediments, and aquatic biota were sampled in a tidal river-marsh on the potomac river near washington, dc (usa) to assess baseline concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) and bioaccumulation in finish species. the mean sediment total-pcb concentration in the wetland was 50 ng/g dry weight, and mean concentrations in biota ranged from 150 ng/g to 450 ng/g wet weight. the highest pcb concentrations were observed in channel catfish. the median biota-sediment accumulation factor (b ... | 2002 | 11994779 |
| initial characteristics of koi herpesvirus and development of a polymerase chain reaction assay to detect the virus in koi, cyprinus carpio koi. | since 1998, episodes of mass mortality have occurred in populations of common carp cyprinus carpio carpio in israel and in populations of koi cyprinus carpio koi in israel and the usa. a herpesvirus isolated from infected fish has been shown in experimental studies to induce disease and mortality similar to those observed in outbreaks at infected farms. initial characteristics of the virus show that it is clearly different from herpesvirus cyprini (chv), the most commonly known herpesvirus from ... | 2002 | 12005231 |
| the use of synthetic genes for the expression of ciliate proteins in heterologous systems. | the common fish parasite, ichthyophthirius multifiliis, expresses abundant glycosylated phosphatidylinositol (gpi)-anchored membrane proteins known as immobilization antigens, or i-antigens. these proteins are targets of the host immune response, and have been identified as potential candidates for recombinant subunit vaccine development. nevertheless, because ichthyophthirius utilizes a non-standard genetic code, expression of the corresponding gene products, either as subunit antigens in conve ... | 2002 | 12034497 |
| bolbophorus damnificus n. sp. (digenea: bolbophoridae) from the channel catfish ictalurus punctatus and american white pelican pelecanus erythrorhynchos in the usa based on life-cycle and molecular data. | the common pathogenic prodiplostomulum metacercaria in the flesh, mostly near the skin, of pond-produced channel catfish ictalurus punctatus has been demonstrated to be bolbophorus damnificus overstreet & curran n. sp. the catfish acquires the infection from the snail planorbella trivolvis, the only known first intermediate host, and the species is perpetuated through the american white pelican pelecanus erythrorhynchos, as confirmed by experimental infections with nestling and dewormed adult pe ... | 2002 | 12075128 |
| oct2 transcription factor of a teleost fish: activation domains and function from an enhancer. | oct2 transcription factors of the catfish (ictalurus punctatus) are expressed as alternatively spliced alpha and beta isoforms. functional analysis revealed an n-terminal glutamine (q)-rich transactivation domain common to both isoforms of catfish oct2. a c-terminal proline, serine, threonine (pst)-rich activation domain was identified exclusively in the beta isoform. activation domains of fish and mammalian oct2 showed cell type- and species-specific activity correlated with their biochemical c ... | 2002 | 12127069 |
| isolation and molecular characterization of herpesvirus from cultured european eels anguilla anguilla in taiwan. | a herpesvirus has been isolated for the first time from a population of european eels anguilla anguilla cultured in a recirculated system in taiwan. syncytia formation was detected in ep-1 (eel epidermis) cell cultures inoculated with cell-free homogenates prepared from both integument and visceral organs of moribund fish. inoculation of homogenates onto ek (eel kidney) cell cultures induced giant cell formation. subsequent passages produced a consistent and progressive cytopathic effect (cpe) i ... | 2002 | 12180701 |
| first record of neoergasilus japonicus (poecilostomatoida: ergasilidae), a parasitic copepod new to the laurentian great lakes. | the parasitic copepod neoergasilus japonicus, native to eastern asia, was first collected from 4 species of fish (fathead minnow, pimephales promelas; largemouth bass, micropterus salmoides; pumpkinseed sunfish, lepomis gibbosus; and yellow perch, perca flavescens) in july 1994 in saginaw bay, lake huron, michigan. further sampling in the bay in 2001 revealed infections on 7 additional species (bluegill, lepomis macrochirus; carp, cyprinus carpio; channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus; goldfish, ... | 2002 | 12197110 |
| mercury concentrations in fish from lake mead, usa, related to fish size, condition, trophic level, location, and consumption risk. | total mercury (hg) concentrations were determined in the skeletal muscle of 339 fish collected during the fall of 1998 and spring of 1999 from lake mead, usa, the nation's largest human-made reservoir. five species of fish representing a range of trophic levels and the lake's principal game fishes were studied. hg generally increased with trophic level and fish size. median hg concentrations (ng/g wet mass) were 277 in striped bass, 168 in channel catfish, 160 in largemouth bass, 75 in bluegill, ... | 2002 | 12202927 |
| evaluation of estrogenic activity from a municipal wastewater treatment plant with predominantly domestic input. | the purpose of this study was to survey estrogenic releases from two primarily domestic wastewater treatment plants over three seasons (1996-1999). mature male channel catfish were maintained at two sites within each wwtp and a reference site for 21 days. estrogenic activity of effluent was assessed by the yeast estrogen screen (yes) assay (in 1999) and the expression of the female egg yolk precursor protein, vitellogenin (vtg) in caged male channel catfish (1996-1998). serum vtg of animals expo ... | 2002 | 12359391 |
| immunisation of channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus, with ichthyophthirius multifiliis immobilisation antigens elicits serotype-specific protection. | surface immobilisation antigens (i-antigens) were purified from two strains of ichthyophthirius multifiliis (ny1 and g5) that represent different i-antigen serotypes, namely a and d, respectively. the efficacy of the purified antigens as subunit vaccines was then tested in challenge studies using parasites of the homologous or heterologous serotype. three groups of juvenile channel catfish (70 animals per group) were immunised with i-antigens from either the g5 or ny1 isolates, or with bovine se ... | 2002 | 12458741 |
| rapid detection of columnaris disease in channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) with a new species-specific 16-s rrna gene-based pcr primer for flavobacterium columnare. | a 16-s rrna gene from the chromosomal dna of the fish-pathogenic bacterium flavobacterium columnare (formerly flexibacter columnaris), strain ars-i, was cloned, sequenced and used to design a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) primer set. the primer set amplified a specific 1193-bp dna fragment from f. columnare strains but not from related bacteria, f. psychrophilum, f. aquatile, f. branchiophilum, or other bacterial pathogens of fish, flexibacter maritimus, cytophaga johnsonae, edwardsiella ictal ... | 2003 | 12459241 |
| edwardsiella ictaluri invasion of iec-6, henle 407, fathead minnow and channel catfish enteric epithelial cells. | invasion of edwardsiella ictaluri into cultured mammalian, fish and enzymatically harvested catfish enteric epithelial cells is described. gentamicin survival assays were used to demonstrate the ability of this catfish pathogen to invade iec-6 (origin: rat small intestinal epithelium), henle 407 (origin: human embryonic intestinal epithelium), fathead minnow (fhm, minnow epithelial cells) and trypsin/pepsin-harvested channel catfish enteric epithelial cells. invasion of all cell types occurred w ... | 2002 | 12465874 |
| factors controlling the bioavailability of ingested methylmercury to channel catfish and atlantic sturgeon. | the bioavailability of ingested methylmercury (ch3hg(iii) was investigated in vitro using the gastric and intestinal fluids of channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus, and atlantic sturgeon, acipenser oxyrinchus. gastric fluid collected from each species was incubated with ch3hg(ii)-spiked sediment or bloodworms, after which the intestinal fluid of each species was added and incubated further. the proportion of ch3hg(ii) solubilized from bloodworms and sediment appeared to be controlled by complexa ... | 2002 | 12523429 |
| fish tissue quality in the lower mississippi river and health risks from fish consumption. | between 1990 and 1994, samples of three shellfish species (i.e. blue crab, callinectes sapidus;crayfish, procambarus acutis; and river shrimp, macrobrachium ohionii) and 16 fish species and were collected at six sites along the lower mississippi river by the louisiana department of environmental quality, office of water resources in coordination with the us environmental protection agency. the fish species included: bigmouth buffalo (ictiobus cyanellus); blue catfish (ictalurus furcatus); carp ( ... | 2003 | 12526903 |
| cloning and characterization of edwardsiella ictaluri proteins expressed and recognized by the channel catfish ictalurus punctatus immune response during infection. | an edwardsiella ictaluri expression library was screened for clones expressing antigenic e. ictaluri proteins using anti-e. ictaluri serum, which resulted in the isolation of 32 clones. the clones were partially characterized and 4 were selected for complete analysis. sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page), 2-dimensional page, western blotting, and dna sequencing were used to analyze expressed antigenic proteins and encoded genes. sequence analysis identified 4 puta ... | 2002 | 12542086 |
| cloning, sequence and variability analysis of expressed immunoglobulin light chain genes from yellowtail seriola quinqueradiata. | the cdna clones encoding immunoglobulin (ig) light (l) chain variable (v) region associated with constant (c) region were isolated from yellowtail (seriola quinqueradiata) kidney by expressed sequence tag analysis (accession numbers: ab062619-ab062668, ab064322). the sequences of both vl and cl region contain well-conserved cysteine residues important for intra- and inter-domain interaction in mammals. comparisons of the amino acid sequence of the cl domain with those of other species showed a h ... | 2003 | 12547626 |
| cloning and gene expression of p450 17alpha-hydroxylase,17,20-lyase cdna in the gonads and brain of the fathead minnow pimephales promelas. | p450 17alpha-hydroxylase,17,20-lyase (p450c17) is a key steroidogenic enzyme in the production of androgens and, therefore, is also indispensable for the production of oestrogens (that are produced from the aromatisation of androgens). in this study, p450c17 cdna was cloned from the ovary of the fathead minnow (fhm) and its gene expression was examined in the gonads and brains of male and female fhm at different stages of gonadal development with a view to developing an understanding of its invo ... | 2003 | 12606268 |
| the edwardsiella ictaluri o polysaccharide biosynthesis gene cluster and the role of o polysaccharide in resistance to normal catfish serum and catfish neutrophils. | edwardsiella ictaluri, the causative agent of enteric septicaemia of catfish (esc), expresses long o polysaccharide (ops) chains on its surface. the authors previously reported the construction of an isogenic ed. ictaluri ops mutant strain and demonstrated that this strain is avirulent in channel catfish. this paper reports the cloning of the ed. ictaluri ops biosynthesis gene cluster and identification of the mutated gene in the ops-negative strain. the sequenced region contains eight complete ... | 2003 | 12777482 |
| systemic herpes-like virus in catfish ictalurus melas (italy) differs from ictalurid herpesvirus 1 (north america). | a herpesvirus was isolated during 2 occurrences of mass mortality among adult catfish ictalurus melas raised in different farms in northern italy. the agent replicated in the channel catfish ovary (cco) cell line from channel catfish i. punctatus, inducing a cytopathic effect similar to that caused by ictalurid herpesvirus 1 (also referred to as channel catfish herpesvirus, ccv). the new herpesvirus, designated i. melas herpesvirus (icmhv) did not react with polyclonal rabbit or monoclonal antib ... | 2003 | 12911055 |
| pathogen loads, clearance and plasma cortisol response in channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus (rafinesque), following challenge with edwardsiella ictaluri. | | 2003 | 12946014 |
| development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the measurement of plasma growth hormone (gh) levels in channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus): assessment of environmental salinity and gh secretogogues on plasma gh levels. | we report the development of a sensitive, and specific, competitive, antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the measurement of channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) growth hormone (cfgh). the detection limit of the assay (90% binding) was 2.0ng/ml and the ed(50) value (standard curve range 150-0.59 ng/ml) was 67.3 ng/ml. recovery of cfgh-spiked plasma samples was determined to be 102%. dose-response inhibition curves using serially diluted pituitary homogenates and plasma samples ... | 2003 | 12957475 |
| novel derivatives of 9,10-anthraquinone are selective algicides against the musty-odor cyanobacterium oscillatoria perornata. | musty "off-flavor" in pond-cultured channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) costs the catfish production industry in the united states at least 30 million us dollars annually. the cyanobacterium oscillatoria perornata (skuja) is credited with being the major cause of musty off-flavor in farm-raised catfish in mississippi. the herbicides diuron and copper sulfate, currently used by catfish producers as algicides to help mitigate musty off-flavor problems, have several drawbacks, including broad-spe ... | 2003 | 12957919 |
| protective effect of cutaneous antibody produced by channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus (rafinesque), immune to ichthyophthirius multifiliis fouquet on cohabited non-immune catfish. | fish which survive a sublethal ichthyophthiriasis acquire protective immunity against ichthyophthirius multifiliis fouquet (ich). this study evaluated the protective effect of cutaneous antibody secreted by channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus (rafinesque), immune to ich on cohabited non-immune catfish. non-immune and immune fish controls were separately maintained and infected with theronts. the ich infection was assessed by scoring 0, < 50, 50-100, and > 100 trophonts fish(-1) at 5 days post-i ... | 2003 | 12962237 |