Publications

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incorporation of 33p-orthophosphate into membrane phospholipids of plasmodium knowlesi and host erythrocytes of macaca mullatta. 19714330450
incorporation of 14 c-labelled non-lipid precursors into lipid of plasmodium knowlesi in vitro. 19714332277
incorporation of 14 c-labelled fatty acids into lipids of rhesus erythrocytes and plasmodium knowlesi in vitro. 19714332950
ribonucleic acid from plasmodium knowlesi before and after chloroquine treatment. 19704333439
studies on the lipids of plasmodium knowlesi-infected rhesus monkeys (macaca mulatta). 3. changes in liver lipids. 19714335826
an improved apparatus for the maintenance of schistosoma mansoni and plasmodium knowlesi or other blood protozoa in a continuous flow medium. 19724336611
pitting function of the spleen in malaria: ultrastructural observations.ultrastructural studies of spleens from monkeys infected with plasmodium knowlesi suggest that the spleen removes or "pits" malaria parasites from red cells. this function may explain the presence of nonparasitized spherocytic erythrocytes in the peripheral blood and may in part account for the discrepancy between the excessive hemolysis and the number of parasitized erythrocytes in animals with experimentally induced malaria.19724339353
experimental mosquito-transmission of plasmodium knowlesi to man and monkey. 19684385130
kallikrein as a pathogenic agent in plasmodium knowlesi infection in macaca mulatta. 19704395325
a merozoite vaccine effective against plasmodium knowlesi malaria. 19744431452
antigenic variation and immunity to plasmodium knowlesi: antibodies which induce antigenic variation and antibodies which destroy parasites. 19744460300
use of stable sensitized cells in an improved indirect microhemagglutination test for malaria.aldehyde-fixed cells sensitized with plasmodium knowlesi and p. falciparum antigens were tested with sera from p. vivax and p. falciparum infections. titers were improved by use of a mixture of cells sensitized with the two antigens.19734586865
effects of chloroquine on plasmodium knowlesi in vitro. 19724622016
surface charge on plasmodium knowlesi and p. coatneyi-infected red cells of macaca mulatta. 19724626126
possible antigen variation in plasmodium knowlesi on mosquito passage. 19724627171
haemolysis in monkeys with plasmodium knowlesi malaria. 19724628345
antigenic variation and protective immunity in plasmodium knowlesi malaria. 19724628462
the effects of -radiation on plasmodium knowlesi. 19724631606
glucose catabolism by the simian malaria parasite plasmodium knowlesi. 19734632781
studies on the exoerythrocytic stages of simian malaria. 8. plasmodium knowlesi. 19734633177
in vitro cultivation of erythrocytic forms of plasmodium knowlesi and plasmodium berghei. 19664957806
a coagulation defect and its treatment with heparin in plasmodium knowlesi malaria in rhesus monkeys. 19664957817
a factor associated with anemia and immunity in plasmodium knowlesi infections. 19664957826
immunity to malaria: antigenic variation in chronic infections of plasmodium knowlesi. 19654958335
plasma replacement for in vitro culture of plasmodium knowlesi.of six fractions of human plasma tested, only cohn's fraction iv-4 was effective for the replacement of whole plasma from monkey (macaca mulatta) for the in vitro culture of plasmodium knowlesi. the effects observed on multiplication and morphology of parasites suggest a specific role of some substance or substances in fraction iv-4.19664958428
fluorescent antibody studies on simian malaria. i. development of antibodies to plasmodium knowlesi. 19674960484
stearic acid as plasma replacement for intracellular in vitro culture of plasmodium knowlesi.a chloroform extract of cohn's fraction iv-4 of human plasma successfully replaced whole fraction iv-4 for the intracellular in vitro culture of plasmodium knowlesi. we are now able to report the successful replacement of monkey plasma by stearic acid.19674960876
the relation of the endo-erythrocytic cycle of plasmodium knowlesi and of p. cynomolgi to body temperature. 19674963256
immunity to malaria: the antibody response to antigenic variation by plasmodium knowlesi. 19684965829
malaria: extracellular amino acid requirements for in vitro growth of erythrocytic forms of plasmodium knowlesi. 19684966979
carbon dioxide fixation in malaria. ii. plasmodium knowlesi (monkey malaria). 19684967905
dna, rna , and protein synthesis in erythrocytic forms of plasmodium knowlesi. 19684971014
chloroquine and dihydroquinine. in vitro studies by their antimalarial effect upon plasmodium knowlesi. 19684972437
alterations of red blood cell sodium transport during malarial infection.previous studies have suggested that malaria induces changes in erythrocytic membrane permeability and susceptibility to osmotic lysis. the present study investigated erythrocytic transport of sodium with cells from rhesus monkeys infected with plasmodium knowlesi. red blood cell sodium concentration was significantly elevated in 37 parasitized animals (21.8+/-1.2 mm; mean +/-sem), as compared to 23 control animals (10.0+/-0.38 mm). the cellular sodium increased with the density of parasitemia a ...19694975361
biosynthesis of ubiquinones by malarial parasites. i. isolation of [14c]ubiquinones from cultures of rhesus monkey blood infected with plasmodium knowlesi. 19694976406
liver involvement in acute mammalian malaria with special reference to plasmodium knowlesi malaria. 19684978051
the influence of methylene blue on the pentose phosphate pathway in erythrocytes of monkeys infected with plasmodium knowlesi. 19694978077
uptake of chloroquine-3-h3 by plasmodium knowlesi in vitro. 19694978324
treatment of trophozoite-induced plasmodium knowlesi infection in the rhesus monkey with trimethoprim and sulfalene. 19694978595
fine structure of the erythrocytic stages of plasmodium knowlesi. a comparison between intracellular and free forms. 19694982542
immunological studies on simian malaria parasites. iv. heterologous superinfection of monkeys with chronic plasmodium knowlesi infections. 19694983827
amino acid transport and incorporation in red blood cells of normal and plasmodium knowlesi-infected rhesus monkeys. 19704983927
specificity of immunoglobulin g in rhesus monkeys infected with schistosoma mansoni, plasmodium knowlesi, and trypanosoma brucei. 19704985951
immunity to malaria: studies with plasmodium knowlesi. 19704986064
some factors affecting the cultivation in vitro of the erythrocytic stages of plasmodium knowlesi. 19694986782
the use of proprietary tissue-culture media for the cultivation in vitro of the erythrocytic stages of plasmodium knowlesi. 19694986783
the isolation and fractionation of plasmodium knowlesi. 19694987063
nutritional requirements for in vitro cultivation of a simian malarial parasite, plasmodium knowlesi. 19694987068
in vitro studies on the amino acid metabolism of plasmodium knowlesi and the antiplasmodial effect of the isoleucine antagonists. 19694987069
intestinal absorption in malaria. i. the absorption of an amino acid (aib-i-14c) across the gut membrane in normal and in plasmodium knowlesi-infected monkeys. 19694988734
the effects of histamine in malaria.1. extracts of the blood of monkeys (macaca mulatta) infected with plasmodium knowlesi contain histamine. a mean total concentration of 0.15 mug/ml was present in the circulating blood.2. no histamine was detected in the blood of healthy monkeys.3. vasodilatation and increased vascular permeability was observed at the site of injection of the extract into the skin and brain of guinea-pigs.4. infiltration of the dermal layer by leucocytes was observed after intradermal injection of the histamine ...19704991928
schizogony of plasmodium knowlesi in the presence of normal and immune sera. 19704991939
inflammatory changes in small blood vessels induced by kallikrein (kininogenase) in the blood of macaca mulatta infected with plasmodium knowlesi. 19704992593
pathological lesions produced in the brain by kllikrein (kininogenase) in macaca mulatta infected with plasmodium knowlesi. 19704992594
the significance of kinin-destroying enzymes activity in plasmodium knowlesi malarial infection. 19704992601
passive immunity in plasmodium knowlesi malaria. 19704993013
a minimal medium for the growth of plasmodium knowlesi in dilution cultures. 19714994453
short-term culture of plasmodium knowlesi. 19714995422
alteration in the rheologic properties of plasmodium knowlesi--infected red cells. a possible mechanism for capillary obstruction.red cells parasitized by plasmodium knowlesi concentrate within the microcirculation of many organs including cerebral capillaries in rhesus monkeys. the possibility that p. knowlesi could alter the rheologic properties of red cells so that they are trapped within capillaries was investigated in the present study. the viscosity of p. knowlesi-infected red cells suspended in ringer's solution was increased at all shear rates at hematocrits above 30%. at moderate parasitemia the resistance to flow ...19714996884
action of pyrimethamine and related drugs against plasmodium knowlesi in vitr. 19714997058
the maintenance of schistosoma mansoni and plasmodium knowlesi in vitro in a continuous flow heart-lung apparatus. 19714997193
the inhibition of mitochondrial respiration and oxidative phosphorylation by serum from malaria-infected animals. ii. the inhibitory activity of serum ultrafiltrates from plasmodium knowlesi-infected monkeys. 19714999516
the inhibition of mitochondrial respiration and oxidative phosphorylation by serum from malaria-infected animals. 3. sephadex separation of inhibitory serum ultrafiltrates from plasmodium knowlesi-infected monkeys and plasmodium berghei-infected mice. 19714999517
a rapid method for the complete removal of white cells from large batches of monkey blood infected with the trophozoite- and schizont-stages of plasmodium knowlesi. 19714999650
deep vascular schizogony of plasmodium knowlesi in macaca mulatta. distribution in organs and ultrastructure of parasitized red cells. 19715002246
ribosomes of the malarial parasite, plasmodium knowlesi. i. isolation, activity and sedimentation velocity. 19715002363
ribosomes of the malarial parasite, plasmodium knowlesi. ii. ultrastructural features. 19715002364
studies on the transmission of simian malaria. iv. further studies on the transmission of plasmodium knowlesi by anopheles balabacensis balabacensis mosquitoes. 19715002525
a presumptive case of naturally occurring plasmodium knowlesi malaria in man in malaysia. 19715003320
density distribution of red cells infected by plasmodium knowlesi and plasmodium coatneyi. 19715003357
studies on the lipids of plasmodium knowlesi-infected rhesus monkeys (macaca mulatta). iv. changes in erythrocyte lipids. 19715004253
studies on the lipids of plasmodium knowlesi-infected rhesus monkeys (macaca mulatta). i. changes in serum lipids. 19715090257
studies on the lipids of plasmodium knowlesi-infected rhesus monkeys (macaca mulatta). ii. changes in serum non-esterified fatty acids. 19715090258
the inhibition of mitochondrial respiration and oxidative phosphorylation by serum from malaria-infected animals. i. the contribution of bilirubin and non-esterified fatty acids to the inhibitory activity in plasmodium knowlesi and plasmodium berghei malaria. 19715096372
seroepidemiological studies by indirect haemagglutination tests for malaria. military recruit collections from argentina, brazil, colombia, and the united states of america.seroepidemiological studies of 10 956 sera of military recruits from 4 countries in the western hemisphere suggest that the indirect haemagglutination test employing an antigen prepared from plasmodium knowlesi adsorbed to human group o erythrocytes may be useful in epidemiological studies of malaria. based on a titre of 1: 8, or higher, in a micro-titration of serum, the prevalence of serological reactors in the collection of sera from usa recruits was 0.9%, in the argentina collection 4.6%, in ...19695309533
plasmodium knowlesi: in vitro evaluation of antimalarial activity of folic acid inhibitors. 19715316583
some factors affecting the cultivation in vitro of the erythrocytic stages of plasmodium knowlesi. 19695357326
the use of proprietary tissue-culture media for the cultivation in vitro of the erythrocytic stages of plasmodium knowlesi. 19695357327
incorporation of radioactive precursors into dna and rna of plasmodium knowlesi in vitro. 19705420334
coenzyme q. cxxii. identification of ubiquinone-8 biosynthesized by plasmodium knowlesi, p. cynomolgi, and p. berghei. 19705452418
studies on the role of adenosine phosphates in erythrocytes of plasmodium knowlesi-infected monkeys. 19705498788
immunity to malaria. i. protection against plasmodium knowlesi shown by monkeys sensitized with drug-suppressed infections or by dead parasites in freund's adjuvant. 19705504485
immunity to malaria. 3. possible occurrence of a cell-mediated immunity to plasmodium knowlesi in chronically infected and freund's complete adjuvant-sensitized monkeys. 19705504486
the influence of three analogs of isoleucine on in vitro growth and protein synthesis of erythrocytic forms of plasmodium knowlesi. 19695765302
a new method for isolation and fractionation of complement fixing antigens from plasmodium knowlesi. 19665926104
studies on the transmission of simian malarias. ii. transmission of the h strain of plasmodium knowlesi by anopheles balabacensis balabacensis. 19676035726
monoclonal antibodies. a tool in malaria research.the aim of this article is to review the role of monoclonal antibodies as a tool in malaria research. in particular we concentrate on a monoclonal antibody directed against a functional epitope on the merozoite surface. this antibody blocked the invasion of merozoites into the red blood cells by causing agglutination of the parasite. the antigenic determinant recognized by this mcab, 13c11, is located on a major 230 k dalton glycoprotein of the mature plasmodium knowlesi parasite. using the 13c1 ...19846084604
biochemical changes in cellular constituents and some enzymes in host-tissues from plasmodium knowlesi infected rhesus monkey (macaca mulatta). 19846085621
cholinephosphotransferase and ethanolaminephosphotransferase activities in plasmodium knowlesi-infected erythrocytes. their use as parasite-specific markers.cdpcholine: 1,2-diacylglycerol cholinephosphotransferase (ec 2.7.8.2) and cdpethanolamine: 1,2-diacylglycerol ethanolaminephosphotransferase (ec 2.7.8.1) activities were investigated in plasmodium knowlesi-infected erythrocytes obtained from macaca fascicularis monkeys. disrupted infected erythrocytes possess a cholinephosphotransferase activity (1.3 +/- 0.2 nmol phosphatidylcholine/10(7) infected cells per h) 1.5-times higher than the ethanolaminephosphotransferase activity. optimal activities ...19846089902
human antisera detect a plasmodium falciparum genomic clone encoding a nonapeptide repeat.plasmodium falciparum causes malaria infections in its human host. its wide distribution in tropical countries is a major world health problem. before a vaccine can be produced, the identification and characterization of parasite antigens is necessary. this can be achieved by the cloning and subsequent analysis of genes coding for parasite antigens. recently established cdna banks allow the expression of cdna derived from the simian parasite plasmodium knowlesi and p. falciparum in escherichia c ...19846090935
structure and organization of genes for sporozoite surface antigens.the major surface antigen (circumsporozoite-protein) of the sporozoite stage of plasmodium knowlesi has been cloned and characterized. the gene is notable for the presence of a 36 base pair unit repeated in tandem 12 times. these repeats may function at the dna level in regulating gene expression and at the protein level in providing multiple copies of a single epitope (repitope) as part of a protein designed to evade and decoy the immune system.19846151677
protective antigens of bloodstage plasmodium knowlesi parasites.the simian malaria plasmodium knowlesi provides many favourable features as an experimental model; it can be grown in vivo or in vitro. parasites of defined variant specificity and stage of development are readily obtained and both the natural host and a highly susceptible host are available for experimental infection and vaccination trials. proteins synthesized by erythrocytic p. knowlesi parasites are characteristic of the developmental stage, as are the alterations that the parasite induces i ...19846151680
determinants on surface proteins of plasmodium knowlesi merozoites common to plasmodium falciparum schizonts.in this report and (r. schmidt-ullrich, l. h. miller, and d. f. h. wallach. manuscript in preparation.), we have demonstrated that malaria proteins on the surface of merozoites and infected erythrocytes cross-react between at least two primate malarias, plasmodium knowlesi and p. falciparum. sera from five gambian adults who were highly immune to p. falciparum were used as a reagent to study the cross-reactivity between p. falciparum schizonts and surface proteins on p. knowlesi merozoites. alth ...19806154761
release of radio-isotope labelled antigens from plasmodium knowlesi during merozoite re-invasion in vitro.labelled antigens sharing determinants with both membrane and cytoplasmic fractions of plasmodium knowlesi were detected in culture medium after in vitro incubation of schizont-stage parasites previously pulse-labelled with [3h]isoleucine. release of antigens occurred only during schizont rupture and merozoite re-invasion. antigenic material accounted for up to a third of the total trichloroacetic acid-insoluble radioactivity released by the cells. absorption experiments indicated that approxima ...19806158728
monoclonal antibodies against a specific surface determinant on malarial (plasmodium knowlesi) merozoites block erythrocyte invasion.twelve hybridoma cell lines secreting monoclonal antibodies against plasmodium knowlesi merozoites have been produced. antibodies from 3 of the 12 lines agglutinated merozoites. the 2 monoclonal antibodies (13c11 and 16f8) that markedly agglutinated merozoites blocked merozoite invasion of erythrocytes. of these 2 lines, the one that induced the most agglutination also blocked invasion most effectively. the third monoclonal antibody (53b3) caused minimal agglutination of merozoites and did not b ...19816165764
monoclonal antibodies to stage-specific, species-specific, and cross-reactive antigens of the rodent malarial parasite, plasmodium yoelii.eighteen hybridoma cell lines were used to study species-specific, stage-specific, and serological cross-reactive antigens of the rodent malarial parasite, plasmodium yoelii. specificity and location of plasmodial antigens were determined by indirect fluorescent-antibody analysis. results showed that a minimum of 12 distinct plasmodial antigens could be distinguished by the 18 hybridomas. antigens were found on the surface or within the cytoplasm of the parasite, but not on the surface of erythr ...19816166558
plasmodium knowlesi variant antigens are found on schizont-infected erythrocytes but not on merozoites.in this report, we demonstrate that the variable antigens present on the surface of plasmodium knowlesi-infected erythrocytes could not be found on the surface of merozoites. a number of technical problems had to be solved to make such a comparative study possible, including the purification of merozoites by affinity columns and gradient centrifugation, the use of hyperimmune rabbit sera instead of monkey sera, and the use of immunocytological methods (indirect immunofluorescence antibody test a ...19816167520
altered expression of plasmodium knowlesi variant antigen on the erythrocyte membrane in splenectomized rhesus monkeys.variant antigens are present on the surface of plasmodium knowlesi malaria-infected erythrocytes as detected by the schizont-infected cell agglutination (sica) assay. we found that parasitized erythrocytes passaged in splenectomized monkeys did not agglutinate with immune sera. on the first passage from intact to splenectomized monkeys, the sica titers decreased 4- to 16-fold; after the second and subsequent passages in splenectomized monkeys, the infected cells became nonagglutinable to all ser ...19826172478
splenic requirement for antigenic variation and expression of the variant antigen on the erythrocyte membrane in cloned plasmodium knowlesi malaria.variant antigens appear on the surface of plasmodium knowlesi-infected erythrocytes as the asexual parasite matures and are detected by antibody-mediated schizont-infected cell agglutination (sica). we now show that cloned parasites can undergo antigenic variation in nonsplenectomized monkeys. in addition, we previously described a new p. knowlesi phenotype in which uncloned parasites passaged in splenectomized monkeys were no longer agglutinable by immune sera. we have designated this new pheno ...19836189787
localization of a plasmodium surface antigen epitope by tn5 mutagenesis mapping of a recombinant cdna clone.a recombinant complementary dna clone from plasmodium knowlesi makes a beta-lactamase fusion polypeptide in escherichia coli that reacts with a monoclonal antibody to a plasmodium surface antigen. an epitope of the surface antigen was localized by transposon tn5 mutagenesis mapping of the complementary dna clone. the tn5 mutation having the farthest 5' insert into the complementary dna portion of the chimeric gene, giving the shortest truncated protein that maintained the ability to bind monoclo ...19836190227
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