| diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis in mexico. | in mexico, 6 cases of diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis (dcl) were found in widely separated geographic regions. information was also available on 2 other cases. in addition to the typical clinical features, half of the patients had evidence of nasopharyngeal mucosal involvement. all isolates from the dcl patients were identified as leishmania mexicana mexicana by isoenzyme analysis and monoclonal antibody typing. in 1 region of tabasco state where dcl was found, uncomplicated cutaneous leishmania ... | 1989 | 2802018 |
| ornithine decarboxylase and trypanothione reductase genes in leishmania braziliensis guyanensis. | ornithine decarboxylase and trypanothione reductase are the key enzymes in polyamine and trypanothione metabolism in kinetoplastids. using a heterologous trypanosoma brucei brucei probe for ornithine decarboxylase and a mixed synthetic probe of 29 oligonucleotides for trypanothione reductase, we have detected the putative genes for these enzymes by southern blot hybridization using genomic dna of leishmania braziliensis guyanensis mhom/sr/80/cumc 1. the trypanothione reductase probe was construc ... | 1989 | 2810144 |
| detection of leishmania parasites by dna in situ hybridization with non-radioactive probes. | in situ hybridization techniques develop rapidly into diagnostic tools of considerable value for detection of viruses and bacteria. here we report the application of this technique for the detection of leishmania parasites. biotin-labelled total promastigote dna was hybridized to cultured leishmania parasites and to blood and impression smears of infected mice. in promastigotes kinetoplasts were strongly stained, nuclei somewhat more diffuse. in amastigotes both nuclear and kinetoplast dna hybri ... | 1987 | 3035535 |
| treatment of american cutaneous leishmaniasis with orally administered allopurinol riboside. | eighteen patients received 1,250 mg of allopurinol riboside (ar) four times daily for 28 d. nine of the patients concurrently received 500 mg probenecid (pb) four times daily. cure was assessed clinically and parasitologically. patients who had culture-positive and nonhealing lesions 3 mo after therapy received pentavalent antimony. of the nine patients who received ar alone, four (44%) had clinical improvement at the end of therapy and two (22%) were culture-negative. a third patient became cul ... | 1989 | 2659681 |
| mucosal leishmaniasis in brazil. | the clinical diagnosis and laboratory identification of leishmania braziliensis braziliensis, a parasitic disease affecting the upper aerodigestive tract, is difficult. a retrospective computer-assisted analysis of patient records was done after examination of 58 patients with mucosal leishmaniasis in an endemic area of l. braziliensis braziliensis in bahia, brazil during january 1987. biopsies of clinically active and clinically inactive mucosal patients were examined for parasites using routin ... | 1989 | 2671555 |
| immunization of hamsters with tlck-killed parasites induces protection against leishmania infection. | hamsters immunized with n-p-tosyl-l-lysine-chloromethyl ketone tlck-treated l. brasiliensis brasiliensis (lb) from culture, infected with lb amastigotes presented: a gradual increase in t and b cell responsiveness to mitogens by lymph node lymphocytes, and an increased response to concanavalin a with no changes for dextran sulphate and pokeweed mitogen in splenocytes. absence of parasites in lymph nodes after 6 weeks post-infection and a nodule 4 times smaller than that of infected control anima ... | 1986 | 2877549 |
| a calcium pump in plasma membrane vesicles from leishmania braziliensis. | a subcellular fraction highly enriched in plasma membrane vesicles was prepared from leishmania promastigotes. this fraction showed (ca2+ + mg2+)-atpase activity. this, however, represented a small fraction (about 25%) of the overall atpase activity. the ca2(+)-atpase showed general characteristics common to plasma membrane atpases involved in ca2+ transport. thus, the ca2(+)-atpase was activated by ca2+ with a high affinity (km about 0.7 microm), saturating at about 5 microm ca2+. furthermore, ... | 1990 | 2144456 |
| safety and efficacy of high-dose sodium stibogluconate therapy of american cutaneous leishmaniasis. | 40 patients with american cutaneous leishmaniasis caused primarily by leishmania braziliensis panamensis were treated with sodium stibogluconate in a double-blind, randomised controlled trial. nine weeks after starting treatment, all 19 patients treated with 20 mg sb/kg per day for twenty days were cured but 5 of 21 patients treated with 10 mg sb/kg per day for twenty days had persistent active disease (p less than 0.05). both treatment regimens were well tolerated and they were associated with ... | 1987 | 2885505 |
| differential growth requirements of several leishmania spp. in chemically defined culture media. | 17 strains of leishmania from 4 species: brasiliensis, mexicana, donovani and garnhami have been continually cultured at 26 degrees c, in the absence of proteins, in a medium containing salts, glucose, d-ribose, 2-deoxyribose, hemin, tricine, hepes, 34 amino acids and intermediates of amino acid metabolism, 23 vitamins, 6 nucleotides and tetrahydrofolic acid. a wide variation in growth requirements was observed among leishmaniae which permitted the preparation of different minimum culture media ... | 1988 | 2901198 |
| requirements of defined cultivation conditions for standard growth of leishmania promastigotes in vitro. | the growth characteristics of l. chagasi (mhom/br/79/li01) and l. braziliensis (mhom/br/72/1670), the causative agents of visceral and muco-cutaneous leishmaniases, respectively, were compared. inoculum size clearly influences the growth course of both leishmania species, whatever the culture medium used (serum-supplemented media: glsh or rpmi, and a chemically defined medium: litr9). cultures initiated with low concentrations failed to promote cell growth, while typical growth curves were obtai ... | 1988 | 2901211 |
| ultrastructural biology of leishmania (viannia) panamensis (=leishmania braziliensis panamensis) in lutzomyia gomezi (diptera: psychodidae): a natural host-parasite association. | the development of leishmania (viannia) panamensis in a natural sand fly host, lutzomyia gomezi, was studied by light and transmission electron microscopy. new aspects of peripylarian parasite behavior and morphology in the sand fly gut, early bloodmeal stages, and ultrastructural development in the anterior gut were documented. eight distinct morphological forms were observed in the life cycle of the parasite within the insect. in the bloodmeal, amastigotes (1) transformed into stumpy promastig ... | 1989 | 2916730 |
| leishmania (viannia) naiffi sp. n., a parasite of the armadillo, dasypus novemcinctus (l.) in amazonian brazil. | a new leishmanial parasite, leishmania (viannia) naiffi sp. n., is described from the nine-banded armadillo, dasypus novemcinctus (edentata: dasypodidae), from para state, north brazil. the parasite grows luxuriantly in diffco blood-agar medium (b47), but poorly in the skin of intradermally inoculated hamsters. a comparison of isoenzyme profiles by starch gel electrophoresis separates the parasite from l. (v) braziliensis and l. (v.) guyanensis by the enzymes asat, alat, pgm, gpi, g6pd, pep, mpi ... | 1989 | 2930120 |
| leishmania donovani: cellular and humoral immune responses after primary and challenge infections in squirrel monkeys, saimiri sciureus. | cellular and humoral immune responses were studied in squirrel monkeys after primary and challenge infection with a khartoum strain (wr 378) of leishmania donovani. each of 7 squirrel monkeys, saimiri sciureus, was inoculated intravenously with 5 x 10(7) amastigotes/kg body weight, and one other monkey (control) was inoculated with uninfected hamster spleen homogenate. five infected monkeys recovered from visceral leishmaniasis and two infected monkeys died. three of the five squirrel monkeys wh ... | 1986 | 2940111 |
| leishmaniasis in brazil. xxv. sandfly vectors of leishmania in pará state, brazil. | leishmania of the braziliensis complex were isolated from various members of the squamiventris series sandflies, including psychodopygus chagasi (costa lima), p.s.maripaensis (ready et al.), p.s.squamiventris (lutz & neiva), and also p.ayrozai (barreto & coutinho) and lutzomyia umbratilis ward & fraiha. three different serodemes of le.b.guyanensis floch were isolated from lu.anduzei rozeboom, lu.umbratilis and lu.whitmani antunes & coutinho, simultaneously captured in the same area. unidentified ... | 1987 | 2979555 |
| cardiac effects of sodium stibogluconate. | sodium stibogluconate although potentially cardiotoxic is the drug of choice for kalaazar and cutaneous leishmaniasis due to leishmania braziliensis. increasing use of this drug in the british army has necessitated a formal evaluation of its cardiac side-effects. consequently a detailed study of the cardiac effects of sodium stibogluconate was undertaken in 22 male soldiers using for the first time modern non-invasive techniques. intravenous sodium stibogluconate 600 mg daily for 10 days did not ... | 1985 | 2983749 |
| high continuous antimony therapy in two patients with unresponsive mucosal leishmaniasis. | the treatment of two patients with severe mucosal leishmaniasis due to leishmania braziliensis braziliensis is described. both patients had received much prior antimonial therapy and one had relapsed after a total dose of 2.5 g of amphotericin b. both patients responded to prolonged continuous pentostam therapy at a daily dose of 20 mg sbv/kg/day for 62 days in one case and for 85 days in the other. pentavalent antimonials can be curative in such protracted courses in selected patients unrespons ... | 1985 | 2992304 |
| characterization of the 5'-half of leishmania brasiliensis (y) 20s ribosomal dna and its adjacent spacer. | | 1985 | 3004075 |
| the potential of using recombinant dna species-specific probes for the identification of tropical leishmania. | | 1986 | 3012443 |
| the ribosomal gene spacer as a tool for the taxonomy of leishmania. | a recombinant dna ribosomal gene spacer of leishmania braziliensis y was used as probe to test different leishmania species. based on the similarity of their restriction patterns, three groups were distinguished with respect to international leishmania references: first a group with a similar restriction pattern to l. braziliensis y and the reference organism l. mexicana garnhami jap78; a second group with restriction patterns similar to the reference organism l. mexicana mexicana m379; and fina ... | 1987 | 3033494 |
| topical pentostam in an attempt to produce more rapid healing of skin ulcers due to leishmania braziliensis braziliensis. | | 1986 | 2825253 |
| a tissue culture system for the growth of several species of leishmania: growth kinetics and drug sensitivities. | we have developed a simple in vitro method of infecting a continuous human macrophage cell line (u937) with promastigotes of several species of leishmania. these include l. braziliensis braziliensis, l. b. panamensis, l. donovani, l. mexicana mexicana, l. m. pifanoi, l. tropica, and l. major. the growth kinetics of these species are presented as well as drug sensitivity data. the u937 cell system can be used to determine drug efficacy and eliminates the need to use amastigotes from animal tissue ... | 1988 | 2833127 |
| evaluation of a competitive antibody enzyme immunoassay for specific diagnosis of chagas' disease. | a competitive enzyme immunoassay based on the use of a monoclonal antibody (mab) specific for "component 5" of trypanosoma cruzi was evaluated. the antigenicity and immunogenicity of this component has been observed in natural and experimental infections. the studies were conducted in an area of bolivia where mixed infections with leishmania braziliensis are frequent and present a problem in the accurate diagnosis of t. cruzi infections. the specificity and sensitivity of this assay as compared ... | 1989 | 2498492 |
| effects of antimycotic azoles on growth and sterol biosynthesis of leishmania promastigotes. | promastigotes of 36 world health organization reference (and other) strains of 6 species and 10 subspecies of leishmania were cultured in the presence of 3 antimycotic azole drugs (ketoconazole, itraconazole, fluconazole) and their population growth determined. a representative of each subspecies was also analyzed for its sterol composition. for all strains the order of azole drug activity with respect to both growth and sterol biosynthesis inhibition was itraconazole greater than or equal to ke ... | 1988 | 2847043 |
| detection of leishmania within sand flies by kinetoplast dna hybridization. | a kinetoplast dna hybridization probe method was used to detect leishmania within sand flies and to distinguish it from the non-pathogenic flagellate, endotrypanum. eighty-one sand flies (74 lutzomyia umbratilis, 1 lu. anduzei, and 6 lu. shannoni) collected outside manaus, brazil were dissected. forty-four of these were found to be infected with flagellates, and 2 hybridized with a leishmania braziliensis probe. thirty-three of sixty-one flies reprobed with an endotrypanum probe were positive. | 1988 | 2848422 |
| predominance of leishmania braziliensis braziliensis in the regions of três braços and corte de pedra, bahia, brazil. | | 1988 | 3232172 |
| [leishmaniasis caused by leishmania viannia braziliensis (lvb). a case of atypical course]. | | 1988 | 2854901 |
| primary agent for leishmaniasis. | | 1988 | 2856321 |
| separation of female psychodopygus wellcomei and p. complexus (diptera: psychodidae) by cuticular hydrocarbon analysis. | psychodopygus wellcomei (diptera: psychodidae), vector of leishmania braziliensis braziliensis - causative agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis in brazil, cannot be distinguished from sympatric p. complexus either by morphometrics or isoenzyme profiles. we report here the use of cuticular hydrocarbon analysis in the successful separation of individual female p. wellcomei and p. complexus. this technique involves the use of gas liquid chromatography and discriminant function analysis. | 1986 | 2872790 |
| [observations on kala azar in jacobina, bahia. vi. investigations on sylvatic and commensal mammals]. | | 1988 | 3068712 |
| indirect immunofluorescence test in new world leishmaniasis: serological and clinical relationship. | the indirect immunofluorescence test (if) for anti-leishmania antibodies (igg and igm) was performed with sera from the following groups of individuals: 214 cutaneous leishmaniasis patients, 28 healthy subjects with positive montenegro's skin test (mst), 29 healthy subjects with negative mst and 16 visceral leishmaniasis patients. the first four groups came from a suburban area of rio de janeiro (jacarepaguá) where cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by leishmania braziliensis braziliensis is endemic ... | 1988 | 3078345 |
| [evolution of the interrelation of the linking members in the leishmania parasite system]. | | 1986 | 3086683 |
| analysis of trypanosoma cruzi antigens bound by specific antibodies and by antibodies to related trypanosomatids. | antigens of the epimastigote stage of trypanosoma cruzi were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under reducing conditions and examined for their ability to bind antibodies in sera from humans infected with this organism or infected with one or both of the related protozoa leishmania braziliensis and leishmania donovani by protein blot analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. most of the antigens were bound by antibodies against each one of the organisms ... | 1986 | 3087879 |
| protection against fatal murine chagas' disease with a leishmania braziliensis panamensis stock. | past attempts to immunize mice against a fatal trypanosoma cruzi infection utilizing related hemoflagellates have been unsuccessful. in the present study, c57bl/6 mice received a footpad inoculation of 10(7) promastigotes of leishmania braziliensis panamensis. six and 9 weeks subsequent to this inoculation mice were infected intraperitoneally with the tulahuen strain of t. cruzi. all immunized mice survived infection over the 6-month period of observation whereas control mice regularly died. the ... | 1986 | 3094394 |
| [preliminary results in favor of the existence of a major surface antigen, specific for leishmania braziliensis braziliensis]. | the comparative surface antigen study of 10 bolivian strains and 1 brazilian reference strain from l. b. braziliensis sub-species shows an important homogeneity within this group. all the strains tested so far present similar antigenic patterns with a major antigen at 72 kd. on the contrary, the comparative analysis of surface antigens of l. b. braziliensis with those of l. b. guyanensis, l. b. panamensis, l. mexicana amazonensis and l. donovani chagasi shows a large antigenic heterogeneity betw ... | 1986 | 3099979 |
| d-lactate production by leishmania braziliensis through the glyoxalase pathway. | leishmania braziliensis promastigotes incubated anaerobically produce d-lactate from glucose, ribose, and methylglyoxal, but not from glycerol, alanine, or pyruvate, suggesting the presence of glyoxalases i and ii but the absence of d-lactate dehydrogenase. further support for this is shown by: (1) conversion of methylglyoxal to d-lactate in sonicates of promastigotes in the presence of reduced glutathione, (2) utilization of phenylglyoxal at rates comparable to methylglyoxal, (3) lack of utiliz ... | 1988 | 3130573 |
| isolation of leishmania from monkeys in the amazon region of brazil. | | 1988 | 3142112 |
| experimental american leishmaniasis and chagas' disease in the brazilian squirrel monkey: cross immunity and electrocardiographic studies of monkeys infected with leishmania braziliensis and trypanosoma cruzi. | | 1988 | 3146554 |
| immunization of susceptible balb/c mice against leishmania braziliensis. i. resistance induced using as immunogen adherent or nonadherent cells from infected mice. | strategies to produce resistance to infection with leishmania braziliensis in balb/c mice are described. mice infected with virulent parasites were used as spleen cell donors (adherent/nonadherent cells) with which to immunize naive recipients which were themselves later challenged with the organism. immunization with both adherent and nonadherent spleen cells (but not serum) in the presence of adjuvant led to protection. in the former case it seems that an immunogenic form of parasite antigen p ... | 1985 | 3160485 |
| leishmania braziliensis braziliensis isolated from akodon arviculoides captured in caratinga, minas gerais, brazil. | | 1988 | 3176154 |
| leishmaniasis in colombia. i. studies on the phlebotomine fauna associated with endemic foci in the pacific coast region. | studies on the phlebotomine fauna related to the leishmaniasis endemic foci of the colombian pacific coast were carried out in the municipalities of tumaco and buenaventura. in inguapí del guadual, tumaco, lutzomyia trapidoi and lu. gomezi were the predominant anthropophilic species; lu. panamensis and lu. hartmanni were less frequent. in bajo calima, buenaventura, lu. trapidoi represented over 94% of the anthropophilic sandflies. continuous sampling from 1800 to 0600 hours in inguapí del guadua ... | 1988 | 3177739 |
| acid phosphatase isoenzyme mapping in leishmania. | the profiles of acid phosphatase isoenzymes of several well defined species of the genus leishmania were compared. the profiles were generated after isoelectric focusing of parasite extracts in polyacrylamide and incubation of the gels with an appropriate substrate coupled to an azo dye. analysis of the zymograms showed that there is species-specificity of the acid phosphatase isoenzyme maps in leishmania. it was also demonstrated that different strains of the same species present identical patt ... | 1988 | 3191957 |
| behavior of leishmania braziliensis s.l. in golden hamsters: evolution of the infection under different experimental conditions. | reproducibility of leishmania braziliensis s.l. metastatic behavior in hamsters was studied for 9 isolates of l.b. panamensis and 2 of l.b. guyanensis with a previous record of metastasis. also, the influence of corticosteroids and trauma was evaluated. in the corticosteroid-treated group, metastases appeared earlier than in the nontreated group, and localization at the site of trauma was more frequent (4/9) than in the nontreated hamsters (1/5). nine of the 11 strains (82%) were capable of repr ... | 1988 | 3193329 |
| oxidation of glucose, ribose, alanine, and glutamate by leishmania braziliensis panamensis. | the metabolism of [1-14c]- and [6-14c]glucose, [1-14c]ribose, [1-14c]- and [u-14c]alanine, and [1-14c]- and [5-14c]glutamate by the promastigotes of leishmania braziliensis panamensis was investigated in cells resuspended in hanks' balanced salt solution supplemented with ribose, alanine, or glutamate. the ratio of 14co2 produced from [1-14c]glucose to that from [6-14c]glucose ranged from about two to six, indicating appreciable carbon flow through the pentose phosphate pathway. a functional pen ... | 1987 | 2884307 |
| lr1: a candidate rna virus of leishmania. | although viruses are important biological agents and useful molecular tools, little is known about the viruses of parasites. we report here the discovery of a candidate for an rna virus in a kinetoplastid parasite. this potential virus, which we term lr1, is present in the promastigote form of the human pathogen leishmania braziliensis guyanensis cumc1-1a but not in 11 other stocks of leishmania that were examined nor in trypanosoma brucei. the candidate viral rna has a size of approximately 600 ... | 1988 | 3200841 |
| in vitro interaction of acantamoeba castellani with leishmania brasiliensis. | | 1988 | 3208254 |
| epidemiology of a natural focus of leishmania braziliensis in the pacific lowlands of colombia. iii. natural infections in wild mammals. | a natural infection of leishmania braziliensis panamensis in the edentate, choloepus hoffmanni is recorded from the pacific coast of columbia. | 1988 | 3232170 |
| epidemiology of a natural focus of leishmania braziliensis in the pacific lowlands of colombia. iv. observations on sandflies. | | 1988 | 3232171 |
| genetic characterization of leishmania isolates at 37 enzyme loci. | | 1988 | 3417374 |
| a comparative study of d-lactate, l-lactate and glycerol formation by four species of leishmania and by trypanosoma lewisi and trypanosoma brucei gambiense. | leishmania braziliensis panamensis, l. donovani, l. major, and l. mexicana amazonensis promastigotes, trypanosoma lewisi bloodstream forms, and t. brucei gambiense procyclic forms were incubated with glucose as sole carbon source. all species consumed glucose more rapidly under aerobic than anaerobic conditions. all produced glycerol under anaerobic conditions, though the rate of glycerol production by t. lewisi was markedly lower than that by the other species. the four leishmania species produ ... | 1988 | 3054535 |
| growth curves of leishmania braziliensis braziliensis promastigotes and surface antigen expression before and after adaptation to schneider's drosophila medium as assessed by anti-leishmania human sera. | | 1988 | 3059439 |
| epidemiological studies on american leishmaniasis in ceará state, brazil. molecular characterization of the leishmania isolates. | two methods of molecular characterization, using monoclonal antibodies and enzyme electrophoresis, were employed in the identification of 36 stocks of leishmania isolated from human and canine cases of american visceral (avl) and cutaneous (acl) leishmaniases in the northern part of ceará state, brazil. molecular homogeneous strains of leishmania donovani (chagasi) isolated from both human and canine hosts were detected in 14 municipalities. two more parasite species, l. braziliensis braziliensi ... | 1988 | 3256276 |
| quantification of leishmania-specific t cells in human american cutaneous leishmaniasis (leishmania braziliensis braziliensis) by limiting dilution analysis. | limiting dilution analysis was used to estimate the frequency of leishmania-specific t cells from the peripheral blood of 18 human cases of american cutaneous leishmaniasis (acl). sixteen patients had localized cutaneous leishmaniasis (lcl) and two were recovered lcl patients. in 10 patients with active disease and in two with healed lesions the leishmania-specific t cell frequencies ranged from 1/10(5) to 1/10(3). in six patients no proliferation was detected after 21 days of cell culture. this ... | 1988 | 3258203 |
| natural infection of lutzomyia ovallesi (diptera: psychodidae) with parasites of the leishmania braziliensis complex in a restricted focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in northern venezuela. | | 1988 | 3271937 |
| an outbreak of american cutaneous leishmaniasis (leishmania braziliensis braziliensis) in a periurban area of rio de janeiro city, brazil: clinical and epidemiological studies. | from july 1984 to september 1986, 105 cases of american cutaneous leishmaniasis were studied in a locality closely situated to an urbanized area of the city of rio de janeiro, brazil. settlement in this area was established at least 20 years ago but the first cases were noted six months prior to the beginning of this study. cases were almost exclusively cutaneous and ulcerated, with one to six months of evolution. montenegro's skin tests were positive in all cases and anti-leishmania antibodies ... | 1988 | 3271941 |
| isolation of leishmania guyanensis from lesions of the nasal mucosa. | | 1988 | 3271946 |
| the synergistic action of pyrazolopyrimidines and pentavalent antimony against leishmania donovani and l. braziliensis. | pyrazolopyrimidines, particularly allopurinol, allopurinol riboside, and other purine analogues, show promise as experimental therapeutic compounds for the treatment of leishmaniasis. the combination of these agents with pentostam may produce an improved therapeutic effect. we report here on strong synergistic activity between pyrazolopyrimidines and pentavalent antimonials in a human macrophage tissue culture system infected with leishmania donovani and l. braziliensis. | 1988 | 2845824 |
| [histopathology of tegumentary leishmaniasis caused by leishmania braziliensis braziliensis. 2. tissue humoral response]. | | 1986 | 3296117 |
| identification of the promastigote surface protease in seven species of leishmania. | twelve different strains of leishmania, including l. major, l. donovani, l. infantum, l. tropica, l. mexicana, l. amazonensis, l. braziliensis, and l. enriettii were examined for the presence of an ectoenzyme structurally and functionally related to the promastigote surface protease found in l. major lem 513. all strains examined possess a protease that is labelled by surface iodination of living promastigotes. the electrophoretic migrations of the labelled proteases are similar in all species s ... | 1987 | 3302702 |
| macrophage function in patients with american cutaneous leishmaniasis: in vitro cytotoxicity and interleukin-1 production. | monocyte-derived blood macrophages of untreated patients with leishmania braziliensis or leishmania mexicana amazonensis infections show anomalies in their nonspecific immune functions. their ability to kill hela cells or to produce interleukin-1 in vitro in response to lipopolysaccharide plus candida albicans is lower than controls indicating that acquired or innate macrophage deficiencies may be involved in the course of the disease. | 1987 | 3305852 |
| dermal leishmaniasis in the amazon region of brazil: leishmania (viannaia) lainsoni sp.n., a new parasite from the state of pará. | | 1987 | 3506634 |
| extracellular cultivation and morphological characterization of amastigote-like forms of leishmania panamensis and l. braziliensis. | two strains of the leishmania braziliensis complex have been adapted to grow extracellularly at elevated temperature as amastigote-like forms in a cell-free medium. these parasites can be serially cultivated and maintained at 32 degrees c for l. panamensis (wr442; l. braziliensis panamensis) and at 28 degrees c for l. braziliensis (m5052; l. braziliensis braziliensis). several observations are presented that the forms adapted at elevated temperature are amastigote-like. morphologically, the amas ... | 1989 | 2810145 |
| canine american cutaneous leishmaniasis: a clinical and immunological study in dogs naturally infected with leishmania braziliensis braziliensis in an endemic area of rio de janeiro, brazil. | clinical and immunological findings from 35 dogs infected with leishmania braziliensis braziliensis are described. the majority of the dogs had ulcerated single lesions on the ears. sera from all infected dogs showed detectable leishmania-induced antibodies using an indirect fluorescent antibody test. antimonial therapy resulted in prompt healing of the lesions in 80.9% of the animals followed by a significant reduction in the anti-leishmania antibody titers. however, treatment follow-up showed ... | 1988 | 3277465 |
| mucosal leishmaniasis ("espundia" escomel, 1911). | one of the more serious clinical forms of leishmaniasis occurs in espundia when the mucosae of the upper respiratory passages are inflamed. this complication is a metastasis from a skin lesion caused by leishmania braziliensis braziliensis (lbb) although cases have been described associated with other leishmanial species. epidemiological data suggest that a detectable mucosal metastasis occurs in fewer than 5% of patients infected with lbb in our study area. the determinants of this complication ... | 1986 | 3037735 |
| [advances and perspectives in american cutaneous leishmaniasis]. | the advances and perspectives in american (mucocutaneous) leishmaniasis are presented under the following topics: 1. epidemiology in latin america, particularly in brazil. 2. parameters for taxonomic identification of species and subspecies of the genus leishmania, which belong to l. mexicana and l. braziliensis complexes: biologic behaviour in hamster, in culture, in animal reservoir, clinical aspects, vectors, electronic microscopy, electrophoretic mobility of isoenzymes, radiorespirometry, dn ... | 1987 | 3309496 |
| leishmania braziliensis panamensis: increased infectivity resulting from heat shock. | promastigotes of leishmania braziliensis panamensis were subjected to a heat shock transformation yielding an amastigote-like stage. during the process of conversion, the heat-induced differentiating form displayed an increase in infectivity (as determined by lesion size) accompanied by a total protein composition unlike that of the promastigote and a morphology resembling that of the amastigote. these biological/functional changes may be related to an involvement of a heat shock response in the ... | 1988 | 3338542 |
| cutaneous leishmaniasis in guatemala: isoenzyme characterization of isolates from humans. | leishmania organisms cultivated from cutaneous lesions of humans in guatemala were characterized by cellulose acetate electrophoresis. six isolates had electrophoretic enzyme patterns identical to world health organization reference strains of leishmania braziliensis braziliensis, and 5 had patterns identical to reference strains of leishmania mexicana mexicana. | 1988 | 3341522 |
| the use of nonradioactive dna probes for the characterization of leishmania isolates from peru. | we describe conditions for dot blot dna hybridization studies using biotinylated kdna probes from leishmania. the sensitivity and specificity attained with biotinylated or 32p-labeled probes were equivalent. the lower level of detection obtained was 100 parasites that were blotted on nitrocellulose paper and then treated with proteinase k. studies were performed with 112 leishmania isolates from andean (uta) and sylvatic mucocutaneous (espundia) patients and all were determined to belong to the ... | 1988 | 3354765 |
| recovery of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis from inoculated hamsters. | leishmania (viannia) braziliensis has never been isolated from wild animals although it is apparently capable of inducing infections in man, dogs, and donkeys. an analysis of the standard hamster culture system for analyzing infectivity of leishmania sp. was undertaken. results indicate that for l. (v.) braziliensis, routine cultivation of aspirates taken from the inoculation sites of 1-mo-infected hamsters should be undertaken. moreover, in at least 1 of the 3 strains examined, isolation of the ... | 1988 | 3379536 |
| the identification of membrane glycoconjugates in leishmania species. | the membrane glycoconjugates of 8 different species of leishmania were compared by lectin blotting. five different lectins with various sugar specificities were examined: concanavalin a, lens culinaris, ricinus communis, soybean agglutinin, and peanut agglutinin. concanavalin a and lens culinaris reacted with every leishmania tested. the patterns observed for these 2 lectins, as well as the various species of parasites, were different. however, a common 41,000-52,000 and a 160,000-185,000 mr com ... | 1988 | 3397816 |
| cutaneous leishmaniasis from guatemala or yucatan due to leishmania braziliensis braziliensis. | | 1988 | 3235257 |
| low dose glucantime therapy in leishmania viannia braziliensis (lvb) infections. | | 1988 | 3249826 |
| [active antihelminitic alkaloids: active in vitro against leishmanic tropica the protozoa involved in leishmaniasis]. | leishmaniasis caused by protozoan leishmania ssp., is an endemic parasitic disease in central and south america. the chemotherapeutic agents against leishmania ssp. (pentavalent antimony compounds, pentamidine and amphothericine b) are toxic and expensive products. basing on the bolivian folk medicine, we tried to find new active principles. fourteen isoquinoline alkaloids, especially bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids extracted from annonaceae, berberidaceae, hernandiaceae and menispermaceae, demo ... | 1988 | 3253497 |
| identification and purification of a 72 kda antigen of leishmania braziliensis braziliensis present on the surface and in the cytoplasm of the promastigotes and its specific recognition by sera from mucocutaneous leishmaniasis patients. | | 1988 | 3253506 |
| [leishmaniasis of the genital organs]. | five cases of leishmaniasis in genital organs are exposed. the patients are males, farmers, with less than 30 years old (except one), residents of high leishmaniasis incidence zones. the majority of lesions were in penis, and of scabies ulcer type, destructive, painless and of slow evolution. in this cases generally, the clinic diagnosis was difficult to corroborate by the habitual laboratory methods and we insist that the principal differential diagnosis are the neoplastic process of the zone. ... | 1987 | 3309500 |
| generation of leishmania-specific short-term t-cell lines derived from peripheral blood of cured american cutaneous leishmaniasis patients. | the putative protective immune response in localized cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by leishmania braziliensis braziliensis (lbb) was analysed by generation of short term t-cell lines from peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbl) of three patients. all had had active skin lesions but were clinically cured at the time of study. pbl were stimulated in vitro with sonicated lbb promastigotes; blasts were isolated after 5 days and propagated for 9 to 16 days before being tested for proliferative capacity. ... | 1987 | 3314910 |
| [effects of clofazimine on leishmania promastigotes]. | | 1987 | 3321231 |
| serotypes of leishmania mexicana and l. braziliensis defined by enriched polyclonal sera, with particular reference to venezuelan isolates. | | 1986 | 3448869 |
| topical treatment of new and old world cutaneous leishmaniasis in experimental animals. | the effect of topical treatment with 15% paromomycin sulphate and 12% methylbenzethonium chloride in white soft paraffin on cutaneous leishmaniasis in balb/c mice was studied. the saudi arabian strain of leishmania major, although being the most virulent to the mice, showed the highest susceptibility to this treatment. after 10 days treatment, parasites were totally eliminated from the treated lesion and healing was complete. 3 american strains were also tested: l. mexicana amazonensis; l. brazi ... | 1987 | 3449988 |
| cutaneous leishmaniasis in bolivia. a study of 185 human cases from alto beni (la paz department). isolation and isoenzyme characterization of 26 strains of leishmania braziliensis braziliensis [corrected]. | a clinical, serological, parasitological and therapeutic study of cutaneous leishmaniasis was carried out in a low sub-andean area (250-800 metres) of the la paz department, bolivia. a team of seismic prospectors (350 workers) was surveyed for 12 months. of 200 suspected cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis, 185 were serologically or parasitologically confirmed (incidence 52.8%). those exposed to the greatest risk of infection were working in a virgin forest environment. leishmanial organisms were i ... | 1987 | 3449990 |
| spontaneous healing of cutaneous leishmania braziliensis braziliensis ulcers. | | 1987 | 3445344 |
| characterization of leishmania species from peru. | twenty-six isolates of leishmania parasites of peruvian origin were studied by isoenzyme electrophoresis of four marker enzymes (asat, alat, g6pd and gpi), kinetoplast dna hybridization and monoclonal antibody binding and compared with marker strains of the new world organisms l. b. braziliensis, l. b. guyanensis, l. m. mexicana and l. m. amazonensis. 12 of the isolates studied were of andean origin; 11 of these were isolated from patients with andean cutaneous leishmaniasis. the organisms origi ... | 1987 | 3445300 |
| human, canine and equine leishmaniasis caused by leishmania braziliensis braziliensis in an endemic area in the state of rio de janeiro. | | 1987 | 3507562 |
| cutaneous leishmaniasis in a horse (equus caballus) from endemic area in the state of espirito santo, brazil. | | 1987 | 3507577 |
| leishmaniasis in brazil: xxiii. the identification of leishmania braziliensis braziliensis in wild-caught neotropical sandflies using monoclonal antibodies. | using the indirect immunofluorescence test natural flagellate infections of wild-caught sandflies, from the serra dos carajás region of pará state, brazil, were identified by sequentially staining smears made from the infected flies with monoclonal antibodies. with normal methods of isolation 30% of the infections were identifiable, but when monoclonal antibodies specific to leishmania braziliensis braziliensis were used a further 26% were identified. the staining of organisms in smears of natur ... | 1987 | 3445325 |
| products of leishmania braziliensis glucose catabolism: release of d-lactate and, under anaerobic conditions, glycerol. | leishmania braziliensis panamensis promastigotes were incubated with glucose as the sole carbon source. about one-fifth of the glucose consumed under aerobic conditions was oxidized to co2. nuclear magnetic resonance studies with [1-13c]glucose showed that the other products released were succinate, acetate, alanine, pyruvate, and lactate. under anaerobic conditions, lactate output increased, glycerol became a major product, and, surprisingly, glucose consumption decreased. enzymatic assays show ... | 1987 | 3478686 |
| isolation and characterization of calmodulin from leishmania braziliensis and leishmania mexicana. | | 1987 | 3453576 |
| trypanosoma cruzi and american leishmania spp: immunocytochemical localization of a laminin-like protein in the plasma membrane. | patients with chagas' disease or different clinical forms of american cutaneous leishmaniasis have high antilaminin antibody levels. an immunogold technique employing a specific antilaminin antibody was used in the present study to determine the presence, and define the ultrastructural localization, of laminin-like molecule(s) in american leishmania spp. and trypanosoma cruzi. laminin was found located specifically in t. cruzi trypomastigotes on the external surface of the plasma membrane, close ... | 1986 | 3514257 |
| ige antibody against surface antigens of leishmania promastigotes in american cutaneous leishmaniasis. | as ige-mediated immune mechanisms participate in the host defence against some types of parasites, we evaluated sera from american cutaneous leishmaniasis (acl) patients for the presence of this antibody against leishmania. using monoclonal antibodies against human ige and an immunoperoxidase staining technique, 48% of the patients sera tested were found to contain ige antibody that bound strongly to leishmania promastigotes. a much lower proportion of sera from non-symptomatic subjects from eit ... | 1986 | 3517764 |
| a spectrum in the susceptibility of leishmanial strains to intracellular killing by murine macrophages. | the susceptibility of 26 strains and clones of leishmania to in vitro killing by lymphokine (lk)-activated macrophages was determined. a spectrum in the susceptibility of leishmania to macrophage killing was observed. some leishmanias were completely resistant to killing, including some but not all of the l. mexicana strains studied. this resistance was expressed in amastigotes and stationary growth-phase promastigotes, but not in logarithmic promastigotes. in contrast, some l. braziliensis para ... | 1986 | 3511147 |
| evaluation of dot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for mucocutaneous leishmaniasis and comparison with microplate enzyme immunoassay. | a dot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (dot elisa) was evaluated and compared with a standard microplate elisa (immunoglobulin g [igg] elisa) for the serological diagnosis of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. the two assays were used to test 113 serum specimens from the following groups: normal individuals and patients with deep mycoses, toxoplasmosis, mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, visceral leishmaniasis, chagas' disease, malaria, and schistosomiasis. both tests exhibited cross-reactivity when testin ... | 1986 | 3531227 |
| disseminated american cutaneous leishmaniasis in a patient with aids. | | 1987 | 3507921 |
| [isolation and identification of leishmania braziliensis braziliensis, in human cases and domestic dog, in the state of são paulo]. | | 1986 | 3509356 |
| [histopathology of cutaneous leishmaniasis by leishmania braziliensis braziliensis. 1. histopathological patterns and study of the course of the lesions]. | | 1986 | 3563308 |
| leishmaniasis in bolivia. ii. the involvement of psychodopygus yucumensis and psychodopygus llanosmartinsi in the selvatic transmission cycle of leishmania braziliensis braziliensis in a lowland subandean region. | an epidemiological survey of the vectors of cutaneous leishmaniasis ("espúndia" type) was carried out in the alto beni region of bolivia, an area of andean foothills at the eastern limit of the amazonian lowlands. the climate is typical wet tropical (15 degrees s latitude). anthropophilic phlebotomine sandfly species were sampled at 20 sites, all forested. the importance of species from the psychodopygus group, already suspected as a vector in the transmission of leishmania from the braziliensis ... | 1986 | 3574129 |
| [phlebotomus of vargem grande, a focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the state of rio de janeiro]. | in vargem grande, an endemic area of cutaneous leishmaniasis in state of rio de janeiro, where lutzomyia intermedia had been found infected with leishmania braziliensis, we performed a series of captures of sandflies to increase the knowledge on their behaviour. the following species were found among 8,671 sandflies collected: l. intermedia, l. migonei, l. longipalpis, l. lanei, l. fischeri, l. firmatoi, l. monticola, l. schreiberi, l. whitmani, l. pelloni, l. barrettoi e l. (pi) sp. inside hous ... | 1986 | 3574131 |
| correlation of sinefungin susceptibility and drug-affinity for protein carboxymethyltransferase activity in american leishmania species. | among promastigotes of 22 different american leishmania strains, a 5000-fold variation in sinefungin susceptibility was found, apparently independent of their taxonomic classification, although l. mexicana strains did tend to be more resistant than l. braziliensis. protein carboxymethyltransferase (ec 2.1.1.24) and glycine n-methyltransferase (ec 2.1.1.20) activities were not substantially different in sinefungin-susceptible and -resistant american leishmania strains. however, when [methyl-3h]me ... | 1987 | 3431568 |
| serodiagnosis of new world leishmaniasis by using a genus-specific antigen in enzyme linked immunosorbent assays. | a genus-specific monoclonal antibody (83l-5g9), generated against promastigotes of leishmania braziliensis panamensis (wrair-470), has been used as a ligand in immunochromatography columns for the recovery and purification of the genus-specific antigen. when the purified polypeptide, actually a doublet comprised of a 58 kd and a 31 kd moiety, was used as the antigen in enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (elisa), it was reactive with 36 of 85 sera from leishmania patients and with 1 of 49 sera fr ... | 1987 | 3552391 |
| cutaneous leishmaniasis from belize--treatment with ketoconazole. | | 1986 | 3708895 |
| [the in vitro culture method as a practical instrument in the diagnosis and primary isolation of leishmania braziliensis braziliensis. i. laboratory observations]. | | 1986 | 3432628 |
| antibody responses, as measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), in owl monkeys experimentally infected with leishmania braziliensis panamensis. | | 1987 | 3585642 |