| quantitative fusarium spp. and microdochium spp. pcr assays to evaluate seed treatments for the control of fusarium seedling blight of wheat. | to develop sensitive quantitative pcr assays for the two groups of pathogens responsible for fusarium seedling blight in wheat: fusarium group (fusarium culmorum and fusarium graminearum) and microdochium group (microdochium nivale and microdochium majus); and to use the assays to assess performance of fungicide seed treatments against each group. | 2007 | 17578430 |
| molds and mycotoxin content of cereals in southeastern romania. | fungal species and toxin contamination were determined in 110 cereal samples (54 maize, 35 wheat, and 21 barley) collected in the southeastern part of romania from 2002 to 2004. the most frequent fungal contaminants belonged to aspergillus and fusarium, and maize was the most contaminated cereal. the main toxigenic species identified were aspergillus flavus, aspergillus fumigatus, fusarium graminearum, and fusarium culmorum in all cereals and fusarium verticillioides in maize. the presence of af ... | 2009 | 19343960 |
| a major qtl for resistance against fusarium head blight in european winter wheat. | we report on the verification of a resistance quantitative trait locus (qtl) on chromosome 1bl (now designated qfhs.lfl-1bl) which had been previously identified in the winter wheat cultivar cansas. for a more precise estimation of the qtl effect and its influence on plant height and heading date lines with a more homogeneous genetic background were created and evaluated in four environments after spray inoculation with fusarium culmorum. qfhs.lfl-1bl reduced fhb severity by 42% relative to line ... | 2009 | 19418038 |
| upscaled ctab-based dna extraction and real-time pcr assays for fusarium culmorum and f. graminearum dna in plant material with reduced sampling error. | fusarium graminearum schwabe (gibberella zeae schwein. petch.) and f. culmorum w.g. smith are major mycotoxin producers in small-grain cereals afflicted with fusarium head blight (fhb). real-time pcr (qpcr) is the method of choice for species-specific, quantitative estimation of fungal biomass in plant tissue. we demonstrated that increasing the amount of plant material used for dna extraction to 0.5-1.0 g considerably reduced sampling error and improved the reproducibility of dna yield. the cos ... | 2008 | 19330077 |
| interactions between rye (secale cereale) root border cells (rbcs) and pathogenic and nonpathogenic rhizosphere strains of fusarium culmorum. | interactions of rye (secale cereale) root border cells (rbcs), generated during plant growth and surrounding the root cap, with nonpathogenic rhizosphere fusarium culmorum isolates: demfc2 (pgpf) and demfc5 (drmo), and a pathogenic strain demfc37 were studied in test tube experiments. the effect of water-suspended rbcs released from the rye root cap on the rate of macroconidia germination and hyphae (mycelial) growth of f. culmorum strains was also examined. it was found that root caps of 3-d-ol ... | 2009 | 19591930 |
| structural basis of the antifungal activity of wheat pr4 proteins. | pr4 proteins possess antifungal activity against several pathogenic fungi suggesting a pivotal role in defence reactions against plant pathogen attack. we already showed that wheatwin1, a wheat pr protein of class 4, is endowed with ribonuclease activity. in this study we produced three mutants altering the active site and performed comparative analysis with the native protein also in the presence of the ribonuclease inhibitor 5'-adp. we characterized the rna binding site and its interaction wit ... | 2009 | 19647737 |
| comparison of techniques to examine the diversity of fungi in adult patients with cystic fibrosis. | this study compares conventional and molecular techniques for the detection of fungi in 77 adult cystic fibrosis (cf) patients. three different methods were investigated, i.e., (1) conventional microbiological culture (including yeasts and filamentous fungi), (2) mycological culture with cf-derived fungal specific culture media, and (3) non-culture and direct dna extraction from patient sputa. fungi isolated from environmental air samples of the cf unit were compared to fungi in sputa from cf pa ... | 2010 | 19672783 |
| effect of particle size and spectral sub-range within the uv-vis-nir range using diffuse reflectance spectra on multivariate models in evaluating the severity of fusariosis in ground wheat. | control (crops grown in natural conditions) and fusarium head blight (fhb) damaged (crops inoculated with fusarium culmorum conidia) grain of four wheat cultivars was ground and sieved into three fractions of different particle size. a series of blended samples differing in content of damaged material were prepared within fractions and cultivars, and diffuse reflectance spectra recorded within the 200-2500 nm wavelength range. partial least-squares (pls) models for the percentage of damaged mate ... | 2009 | 19680944 |
| a reference-gene-based quantitative pcr method as a tool to determine fusarium resistance in wheat. | in recent years, plant breeders made great progress in breeding fusarium-tolerant wheat lines. however, total resistance to this genus of plant pathogenic fungi has not yet been achieved as the resistance genes are located on several distinct genetic regions. visual scoring of disease symptoms in combination with the analysis of mycotoxins is commonly applied to assess the tolerance of new lines. both approaches are indirect methods and do not mandatorily determine the accumulated fungal biomass ... | 2009 | 19756538 |
| action and reaction of host and pathogen during fusarium head blight disease. | the fusarium species fusarium graminearum and fusarium culmorum, which are responsible for fusarium head blight (fhb) disease, reduce world-wide cereal crop yield and, as a consequence of their mycotoxin production in cereal grain, impact on both human and animal health. their study is greatly promoted by the availability of the genomic sequence of f. graminearum and transcriptomic resources for both f. graminearum and its cereal hosts. functional genomic, proteomic and metabolomic studies, in c ... | 2010 | 19807873 |
| genetic fusarium chemotyping as a useful tool for predicting nivalenol contamination in winter wheat. | fusarium graminearum [teleomorph gibberella zeae] and fusarium culmorum together with fusarium poae are the main species known to produce nivalenol (niv). the niv content in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) harvested in luxembourg was investigated in 2007 and 2008 at 17 different locations. species determination and genetic chemotyping of f. graminearum and f. culmorum were used to understand the spatial distribution of niv producers in wheat from luxembourg. three hundred thirteen f. graminearum, 1 ... | 2010 | 20004994 |
| distribution of trichothecenes, zearalenone, and ergosterol in a fractionated wheat harvest lot. | to investigate possible co-occurrences of type b trichothecenes and zearalenone within a fusarium culmorum-infected wheat harvest lot, kernels were fractionated into six groups by visual criteria. the fusarium-damaged kernels were subdivided into white, shrunken, and red kernel groups, and the remaining kernels were sorted into healthy, black spotted, and nonspecific groups. the distribution patterns of nivalenol, deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, and ergosterol were determined for possible correlati ... | 2008 | 18642928 |
| trichothecene chemotypes of fusarium culmorum infecting wheat in tunisia. | fusarium culmorum is a major pathogen associated with fusarium head blight (fhb) of wheat in tunisia. it may cause yield loss or produce mycotoxins in the grain. the objectives of the present study were threefold: to evaluate by pcr assays the type of mycotoxins produced by 100 f. culmorum isolates recovered from different regions in northern tunisia, to determine the amount of mycotoxin production by hplc analysis, and to analyse for correlations between the amount of mycotoxin produced and the ... | 2010 | 20202712 |
| mycotoxin profiles in the grain of triticum monococcum, triticum dicoccum and triticum spelta after head infection with fusarium culmorum. | the aim of study was to investigate mycotoxin profiles in the grain of spring lines of triticum monococcum (12 lines), t. dicoccum (13 lines) and t. spelta (five lines), in comparison to the t. aestivum cultivar sumai-3 which is resistant to fusarium head blight. the grain was obtained from control heads and heads artificially inoculated in the field with fusarium culmorum. mycotoxins were determined by lc-ms/ms. | 2010 | 20355081 |
| rapd-pcr analysis of genetic variation among isolates of fusarium graminearum and fusarium culmorum from wheat in adana turkey. | the aim of the current study was to estimate the genetic diversity of f. graminearum and f. culmorum isolated from wheat in adana province of turkey by investigating by rapd-pcr polymorphisms. fusarium sp. affecting wheat crops were surveyed for 2 years during growing seasons in adana, turkey. thirty two isolates of fusarium were isolated from seeds and basal stem nodes of wheat displaying disease symptoms. these isolates were identified as f. avenecaum, f. culmorum, f. graminearum and f. croock ... | 2010 | 20437703 |
| an n-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase gene, cr-nag1, from the biocontrol agent clonostachys rosea is up-regulated in antagonistic interactions with fusarium culmorum. | clonostachys rosea is a widely distributed fungus that often acts as a parasite on other soil fungi. this fungus has also been reported as a potential parasite against nematodes and insects. the antagonistic activity is thought to be correlated with the secretion of cell wall-degrading enzymes, including chitinases. in this work, we identified and characterized an n-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase-encoding gene, cr-nag1, belonging to glycosyl hydrolase family 20, from the c. rosea strain ik726 usi ... | 2009 | 18675351 |
| membrane-bound guaiacol peroxidases from maize (zea mays l.) roots are regulated by methyl jasmonate, salicylic acid, and pathogen elicitors. | plant peroxidases are involved in numerous cellular processes in plant development and stress responses. four plasma membrane-bound peroxidases have been identified and characterized in maize (zea mays l.) roots. in the present study, maize seedlings were treated with different stresses and signal compounds, and a functional analysis of these membrane-bound class iii peroxidases (pmpox1, pmpox2a, pmpox2b, and pmpox3) was carried out. total guaiacol peroxidase activities from soluble and microsom ... | 2010 | 20032108 |
| the effect of silver nanoparticles on phytopathogenic spores of fusarium culmorum. | the aim of the present experiment was to investigate the influence of silver nanoparticles on fusarium culmorum (w.g. smith) sacc. (fc) spores. the silver nanoparticles were produced by the high-voltage arc discharge method. to test the effect of silver nanoparticles on fc spores, 3 parameters were tested. one of these parameters was the vegetative mycelial growth in 2 experiments. the first involved the growth of fc spores on potato dextrose agar (pda) medium after contact with 0.12-10 ppm of s ... | 2010 | 20453911 |
| applying parallel factor analysis models to hplc diode array detector datasets reveals strain dependent regulation of polyketide biosynthesis in fusarium graminearum, fusarium culmorum and fusarium pseudograminearum. | fungal secondary metabolites confer an indiscriminate resource of bioactive compounds with both pharmaceutical and industrial relevance. synthesis of these compounds is tightly controlled through regulatory networks. these networks act in response to the environmental conditions in which the fungus grows. one class of fungal secondary metabolites that have drawn increased attention, is the polyketides produced by a high number of fungi and bacteria. the increasing number of publicly available ge ... | 2009 | 19591712 |
| synthesis and quantitation of six phenolic amides in amaranthus spp. | cinnamoylphenethylamines are phenolic amides in which cinnamic acid provides the acid moiety and phenethylamine the amine moiety. single ion monitoring (sim) in lc-ms was performed on amaranth leaf extracts. masses corresponding to sets of regioisomers, including previously reported compounds, were examined. six peaks were detected and their corresponding standards synthesized for a quantitative lc-ms/ms investigation of cinnamoylphenethylamines in amaranth. four cinnamoylphenethylamines (caffeo ... | 2010 | 20438062 |
| the use of lactobacillus brevis ps1 to in vitro inhibit the outgrowth of fusarium culmorum and other common fusarium species found on barley. | a total of 129 lactic acid bacteria (lab) were screened for antifungal activity against common fusarium spp. isolated from brewing barley. four out of the five most inhibiting isolates were identified as lactobacillus brevis, whereas one belonged to weissella cibaria. l. brevis ps1, the isolate showing the largest inhibition spectrum, was selected and the influence of its freeze-dried cell-free supernatant (cfsp) on germination of macroconidia as well as mycelia growth was investigated using fus ... | 2010 | 20580986 |
| electron ionisation mass spectrometry of the pentafluoropropionate esters of trichothecene analogues and culmorin compounds from fusarium species. | this paper reports the mass spectra, obtained after electron ionisation (ei) at 70 ev, of 34 trichothecenes and five culmorin compounds after acylation with pentafluoropropionic anhydride. the derivatised fungal metabolites were separated by gas chromatography, and the mass spectra were obtained by scanning of a single quadrupole mass filter in the scan range m/z 200-900. the fragmentation pathways of three trichothecenes (triacetyl-deoxynivalenol, 4,15-diacetoxy-scirpenol, t-2 toxin) have been ... | 2010 | 20740541 |
| fusarium culmorum is a single phylogenetic species based on multilocus sequence analysis. | fusarium culmorum is a major pathogen of wheat and barley causing head blight and crown rot in cooler temperate climates of australia, europe, west asia and north africa. to better understand its evolutionary history we partially sequenced single copy nuclear genes encoding translation elongation factor 1-α (tef), reductase (red) and phosphate permease (pho) in 100 f. culmorum isolates with 11 isolates of fusarium crookwellense, fusarium graminearum and fusarium pseudograminearum. phylogenetic a ... | 2010 | 20943185 |
| phylogenetic relationships of fusarium poae based on ef-1 alpha and mtssu sequences. | a molecular phylogenetic analysis of fusarium poae isolates from south america (argentina) and europe (mainly england, germany, italy) was performed using 98 f. poae, four fusarium culmorum, two fusarium sporotrichioides and one fusarium langsethiae isolates. phylogenetic analyses were performed using nuclear (translation elongation factor 1-alpha, ef-1 alpha) and mitochondrial (mitochondrial small subunit rdna, mtssu) sequences. partitioned (each dataset separately) and combined (ef-1 alpha+mts ... | 2010 | 20965066 |
| (-)-sclerotiorin from an unidentified marine fungus as an anti-meiotic and anti-fungal agent. | (-)-sclerotiorin, isolated and purified from the fermented broth of an unidentified marine fungus (98f134), inhibited the maturation of starfish oocytes induced by 1-methyl adenine with an ic50 value of 0.50 microm. (-)-sclerotiorin also showed antifungal activity against saccharomyces cerevisiae, aspergilus fumigatus, alternaria longipes, piricularia oryzae, verticillium albo-atrum, fusarium culmorum, and f. nivale with ic50 values less than 20 microg/ml. | 2010 | 21213982 |
| inactivation of plant infecting fungal and viral pathogens to achieve biological containment in drainage water using uv treatment. | to explore whether ultraviolet (uv) light treatment within a closed circulating and filtered water drainage system can kill plant pathogenic species. | 2011 | 21226796 |
| heterologous expression of the hydrophobin fchyd5p from fusarium culmorum in pichia pastoris and evaluation of its surface activity and contribution to gushing of carbonated beverages. | the class ii hydrophobin fchyd5p from fusarium culmorum was heterologously expressed by pichia pastoris. transcription of the recombinant gene was confirmed by rt-pcr and expression of fchyd5p was demonstrated using sds-page and immuno-staining with 6 x his-tag antibodies. fchyd5p was purified and concentrated by dialysis, isoelectric focussing and the use of ultra filtration. it was demonstrated that fchyd5p is able to change the hydrophopic properties of surfaces rendering them wettable after ... | 2010 | 20442005 |
| modelling the relationship between environmental factors, transcriptional genes and deoxynivalenol mycotoxin production by strains of two fusarium species. | the effect of changes in temperature/water activity (a(w)) on growth, deoxynivalenol (don) production and trichothecene gene cluster expression (18 genes) for strains of fusarium culmorum and fusarium graminearum was studied. the expression data for six key transcription genes (tri4, tri5, tri6, tri10, tri12 and tri13) were analysed using multiple regression analyses to model the relationship between these various factors for the first time. changes in a(w) and temperature significantly (p = 0.0 ... | 2011 | 20462881 |
| the changes in pectin metabolism in flax infected with fusarium. | fusarium culmorum and fusarium oxysporum are the most common fungal pathogens of flax (linum usitatissimum l.), thus leading to the greatest losses in crop yield. a subtractive cdna library was constructed from flax seedlings exposed for two days to f. oxysporum. this revealed a set of genes that are potentially involved in the flax defense responses. two of those genes directly participate in cell wall sugar polymer metabolism: udp-d-glucuronate 4-epimerase (gae; ec 5.1.3.6) and formate dehydro ... | 2011 | 21435891 |
| lipid transfer proteins and protease inhibitors as key factors in the priming of barley responses to fusarium head blight disease by a biocontrol strain of pseudomonas fluorescens. | strains of non-pathogenic pseudomonad bacteria, can elicit host defence responses against pathogenic microorganisms. pseudomonas fluorescens strain mkb158 can protect cereals from pathogenesis by fusarium fungi, including fusarium head blight which is an economically important disease due to its association with both yield loss and mycotoxin contamination of grain. using the 22 k barley affymetrix chip, trancriptome studies were undertaken to determine the local effect of p. fluorescens strain m ... | 2010 | 20526726 |
| environmental burkholderia cepacia strain cs5 acting by two analogous alkyl-quinolones and a didecyl-phthalate against a broad spectrum of phytopathogens fungi. | an environmental burkholderia cepacia strain named cs5 was isolated and identified first using api biochemical identification system and then with 16s rdna and reca sequence homology search. this bacterium exhibited a broad spectrum of fungicidal activities against alternaria alternata, aspergillus niger, fusarium culmorum, f. graminearum, f. oxysporum and rhizoctonia solani. in the liquid conditions, the mic of a. niger and r. solani were reached with, respectively, 1.25-2% of the cs5 liquid cu ... | 2011 | 21311886 |
| fungistatic activity of bicyclo[4.3.0]-γ-lactones. | five optically active and sixteen racemic lactones (nine of them new) of bicyclo[4.3.0]nonane structure were synthesized. ic(50) values for the following phytopathogens were determined: aspergillus ochraceus am 456, fusarium culmorum am 282, fusarium oxysporum am 13, fusarium tricinctum am 16. effect of compound structures, especially stereogenic centers, on fungistatic activity has been discussed. the highest fungistatic activity was observed for trans-7,8-dibromo-cis-3-oxabicyclo[4.3.0]nonan-2 ... | 2011 | 21520970 |
| activities of cell wall degrading enzymes in autolyzing cultures of three fusarium culmorum isolates: growth-promoting, deleterious and pathogenic to rye (secale cereale). | release of cell wall degrading enzymes, cwde, (glucanases, chitinases, xylanases, endocellulases, exocellulases, pectinases and polygalacturonases) was compared for three fusarium culmorum isolates, two nonpathogenic rhizosphere isolates (a plant growth promoting [pgpf] and a deleterious [drmo]) and one root pathogen, grown on media supplemented with one of the following c sources: glucose, chitin, plant (rye root) and fungal (fusarium) cell wall. the degree of autolysis determined after 42 days ... | 2011 | 21558501 |
| brachypodium distachyon: a new pathosystem to study fusarium head blight and other fusarium diseases of wheat. | abstract: background: fusarium species cause fusarium head blight (fhb) and other important diseases of cereals. the causal agents produce trichothecene mycotoxins such as deoxynivalenol (don). the dicotyledonous model species arabidopsis thaliana has been used to study fusarium-host interactions but it is not ideal for model-to-crop translation. brachypodium distachyon (bd) has been proposed as a new monocotyledonous model species for functional genomic studies in grass species. this study aims ... | 2011 | 21639892 |
| lactobacillus amylovorus dsm 19280 as a novel food-grade antifungal agent for bakery products. | mould spoilage is the main cause of substantial economic loss in bakery industry and might also cause public health problems due to the production of mycotoxins. the reduction of mould growth in bakery products is thus of crucial importance and there is great interest to develop safe and efficient strategies for this purpose. in this study lactobacillus amylovorus dsm19280 has been shown to produce a wide spectrum of antifungal compounds active against common bread spoilage fungi. among the indi ... | 2011 | 21429613 |
| [effect of biosurfactants acinetobacter calcoaceticus k-4 and rhodococcus erythropolis ek-1 on some microorganisms]. | it has been established that the preparations of biosurfactants rhodococcus erythropolis ek-1 (0.61 -2.1 mg/ml) and acinetobacter calcoaceticus k-4 (0.15 - 0.22 mg/ml) in a form of supernatants of the cultural liquid show antimicrobial effect in respect of a number of microorganisms (bacillus subtilis bt-2, escherichia coli iem-1, candida tropicalis bt-5, candida albicans d6, candida utilis bvc-65, saccharomyces cerevisiae ob-3). no inhibiting effect of biosurfactant preparations of r. erythropo ... | 2011 | 21809683 |
| [chymotrypsin and trypsin inhibitor isolated from potato tubers]. | potato kunitz-type chymotrypsin inhibitor (pkci-23) was isolated from potato tubers (solanum tuberosum l., zhukov's jubilee breed) and purified to a homogenous state. the protein was purified by gel-filtration chromatography and ion-exchange chromatography using sephadex g-75 and cm-sepharose cl-6b, respectively. pkci-23 protein has been shown to inhibit both chymotrypsin and trypsin with equal efficacy, forming equimolar complexes with these enzymes. however, much weaker inhibitory effect of pk ... | 2011 | 21790024 |
| insecticidal activity and fungitoxicity of plant extracts and components of horseradish (armoracia rusticana) and garlic (allium sativum). | to avoid environmental pollution and health problems caused by the use of traditional synthetic pesticides, there is a trend to search for naturally occurring toxicants from plants. among the compounds discussed for anti-fungal and insecticidal activity, the natural extracts from garlic and horseradish have attracted considerable attention. the objective of this study is to determine the insecticidal and anti-fungal activity of armoracia rusticana and allium sativum l. extracts against larvae of ... | 2011 | 21726146 |
| altered trichothecene biosynthesis in tri6-silenced transformants of fusarium culmorum influences the severity of crown and foot rot on durum wheat seedlings. | an rna silencing construct was used to alter mycotoxin production in the plant pathogenic fungus fusarium culmorum, the incitant of crown and foot rot on wheat. the transformation of a wild-type strain and its nitrate reductase-deficient mutant with inverted repeat transgenes (irts) containing sequences corresponding to the trichothecene regulatory gene tri6 was achieved using hygromycin b resistance as a selectable marker. southern analysis revealed a variety of integration patterns of the tri6 ... | 2011 | 21726376 |
| extracellular xylanase production by fusarium species in solid state fermentation. | fusarium sp. has been shown to be a promising organism for enhanced production of xylanases. in the present study, xylanase production by 21 fusarium sp. isolates (8 fusarium culmorum, 4 fusarium solani, 6 fusarium verticillioides and 3 fusarium equiseti) was evaluated under solid state fermentation (ssf). the fungal isolate fusarium solani syrn7 was the best xylanase producer among the tested isolates. the effects of some agriculture wastes (like wheat straw, wheat bran, beet pulp and cotton se ... | 2011 | 22184927 |
| heterologous expression of surface-active proteins from barley and filamentous fungi in pichia pastoris and characterization of their contribution to beer gushing. | the spontaneous over-foaming of beer upon opening, i.e. beer gushing, is an unwanted phenomenon for the brewing industry. currently, surface-active proteins from filamentous fungi and non-specific lipid transfer proteins (nsltp1) from barley are discussed as gushing inducers. in our study the class i hydrophobin fchyd3p from fusarium culmorum, the class ii hydrophobin hfb2 from trichoderma reesei, the alkaline foam protein a (afpa) from f. graminearum and nsltp1 from hordeum vulgare cv. marnie ( ... | 2011 | 21450361 |
| verification of the effectiveness of scar (sequence characterized amplified region) primers for the identification of polish strains of fusarium culmorum and their potential ability to produce b-trichothecenes and zearalenone. | rapid and sensitive methods to detect fusarium culmorum and trichothecene and zearalenone producing strains in food and feed are valuable in predicting potential contamination. in this study the effectiveness of primers, recommended in the literature, for species identification of f. culmorum and basic genes encoding for mycotoxin production was tested. a total of 68 isolates of f. culmorum were collected from cereals and potato between 2005 and 2008 from different polish provinces. it was shown ... | 2011 | 21664712 |
| Biocontrol of Fusarium head blight: interactions between Trichoderma and mycotoxigenic Fusarium. | Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a re-emerging wheat disease that causes extensive damage through direct losses in yield and quality due to the presence of damaged Fusarium kernels and their associated mycotoxins such as the trichothecene deoxynivalenol (DON). Biological control, including the treatment of crop residues with antagonists, in order to reduce pathogen inoculum of FHB, holds considerable promise. Ten Trichoderma isolates, previously selected for their ability to grow in the presence of ... | 2012 | 21980117 |
| environmental factors and interactions with mycobiota of grain and grapes: effects on growth, deoxynivalenol and ochratoxin production by fusarium culmorum and aspergillus carbonarius. | mycotoxigenic fungi colonizing food matrices are inevitably competing with a wide range of other resident fungi. the outcomes of these interactions are influenced by the prevailing environmental conditions and the competing species. we have evaluated the competitiveness of f. culmorum and a. carbonarius in the grain and grape food chain for their in vitro and in situ dominance in the presence of other fungi, and the effect that such interactions have on colony interactions, growth and deoxynival ... | 2010 | 22069589 |
| quantification of fusarium graminearum and fusarium culmorum by real-time pcr system and zearalenone assessment in maize. | zearalenone (zea) is a mycotoxin produced by some species of fusarium, especially by fusarium graminearum and f. culmorum. zea induces hyperoestrogenic responses in mammals and can result in reproductive disorders in farm animals. in the present study, a real-time pcr (qpcr) assay has been successfully developed for the detection and quantification of fusarium graminearum based on primers targeting the gene pks13 involved in zea biosynthesis. a standard curve was developed by plotting the logari ... | 2011 | 22240058 |
| [influence of metal nanoparticles on some microorganisms and microflora of unpasteurized beer]. | the influence of nanoparticles of gold, silver, dioxide of cerium and zirconium in low concentration (0.5-7.5 mg/l) on pure cultures of escherichia coli iem-1, bacillus subtilis bt-2, candida scottii kb-2, saccharomyces cerevisiae ob-3, aspergillus niger r-3, fusarium culmorum t-7 and penicillium chrysogenum f-7 has been investigated. silver nanoparticles, which caused a decrease of the amount of s. cerevisiae ob-3 cells by 90% after one hour of exposition, and led to almost complete death of ve ... | 2011 | 22308746 |
| a prebiotic, celmanax™, decreases escherichia coli o157:h7 colonization of bovine cells and feed-associated cytotoxicity in vitro. | abstract: | 2011 | 21473767 |
| erratum to: effect of different storage conditions on the mycotoxin contamination of fusarium culmorum-infected and non-infected wheat straw. | | 2011 | 23605706 |
| effect of different storage conditions on the mycotoxin contamination of fusarium culmorum-infected and non-infected wheat straw. | mycotoxins are known to affect the health and performance of farm animals. in contrast to cereal grains, the straw is only rarely analysed for mycotoxins, although contaminated straw could additionally expose farm animals to mycotoxins. for this reason, two experiments were carried out to examine the effect of pre-harvest fusarium infection (inoculation with f. culmorum) and different storage conditions on the mycotoxin concentrations in straw. in the first experiment, both the inoculated and th ... | 2011 | 23605705 |
| comparative analyses of exoproteinases produced by three phytopathogenic microorganisms. | proteinases secreted by the oomycete phytophthora infestans (mont.) de bary, rhizoctonia solani, and fusarium culmorum belonging to different families of fungi have been studied to determine if the exoenzyme secretion depends on the environmental conditions and the phylogenetic position of the pathogen. the substrate specificity of the extracellular proteinases of f. culmorum, r. solani, and p. infestans and their sensitivity to the action of synthetic and protein inhibitors suggest that they co ... | 2011 | 22567343 |
| muscodor albus volatiles control toxigenic fungi under controlled atmosphere (ca) storage conditions. | muscodor albus, a biofumigant fungus, has the potential to control post-harvest pathogens in storage. it has been shown to produce over 20 volatile compounds with fungicidal, bactericidal and insecticidal properties. however, m. albus is a warm climate endophyte, and its biofumigant activity is significantly inhibited at temperatures below 5 °c. conidia of seven mycotoxin producing fungi, aspergillus carbonarius, a. flavus, a. niger, a. ochraceus, penicillium verrucosum, fusarium culmorum and f. ... | 2012 | 23443097 |
| Hyperspectral and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Imaging to Analyse the Impact of Fusarium culmorum on the Photosynthetic Integrity of Infected Wheat Ears. | Head blight on wheat, caused by Fusarium spp., is a serious problem for both farmers and food production due to the concomitant production of highly toxic mycotoxins in infected cereals. For selective mycotoxin analyses, information about the on-field status of infestation would be helpful. Early symptom detection directly on ears, together with the corresponding geographic position, would be important for selective harvesting. Hence, the capabilities of various digital imaging methods to detect ... | 2011 | 22163820 |
| defensins from the tick ixodes scapularis are effective against phytopathogenic fungi and the human bacterial pathogen listeria grayi. | ixodes scapularis is the most common tick species in north america and a vector of important pathogens that cause diseases in humans and animals including lyme disease, anaplasmosis and babesiosis. tick defensins have been identified as a new source of antimicrobial agents with putative medical applications due to their wide-ranging antimicrobial activities. two multigene families of defensins were previously reported in i. scapularis. the objective of the present study was to characterise the p ... | 2014 | 25443032 |
| contribution of the endogeic earthworm species aporrectodea caliginosa to the degradation of deoxynivalenol and fusarium biomass in wheat straw. | in arable fields managed by conservation tillage combined with crop residue mulching, plant pathogen repression is an important ecosystem service to prevent cultivated plants from fungal diseases and mycotoxin contamination. a laboratory microcosm study was conducted to investigate the contribution of the endogeic, geophagous earthworm species aporrectodea caliginosa as a secondary decomposer to the reduction of the phytopathogenic fungus fusarium culmorum and its mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (don) ... | 2011 | 23605802 |
| crop management as a driving force of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria physiology. | crop management systems influence plant productivity and nutrient use efficiency, as well as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (pgpr), which are known to influence the growth of plants via phytohormone production, phosphate solubilization, nitrogen (n) fixation and antimicrobial activity. the objective of this study was to compare the influence of two crop management system on microbial pgpr features. pgpr isolated from the rhizospheres of carica papaya l. grown under two distinct management ... | 2016 | 27652147 |
| auxin as a player in the biocontrol of fusarium head blight disease of barley and its potential as a disease control agent. | mechanisms involved in the biological control of plant diseases are varied and complex. hormones, including the auxin indole acetic acid (iaa) and abscisic acid (aba), are essential regulators of a multitude of biological functions, including plant responses to biotic and abiotic stressors. this study set out to determine what hormones might play a role in pseudomonas fluorescens -mediated control of fusarium head blight (fhb) disease of barley and to determine if biocontrol-associated hormones ... | 2012 | 23173736 |
| purification of chitinase enzymes from bacillus subtilis bacteria tv-125, investigation of kinetic properties and antifungal activity against fusarium culmorum. | chitin is the main structural component of cell walls of fungi, exoskeletons of insects and other arthropods and shells of crustaceans. chitinase enzyme is capable of degrading chitin, and this enzyme can be used as a biological fungicide against phytopathogenic fungi, as well as an insecticide against insect pests. | 2014 | 25112904 |
| biosynthesis of the trichothecene 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol: cell-free hydroxylations of isotrichodermin. | 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol is the major trichothecene produced by the fungus fusarium culmorum. studies in vivo with f. culmorum have established the following biosynthetic precursors of 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol: isotrichool ? isotrichodiol ? isotrichodermin ? 15-deacetylcalonectrin, 7a-hydroxyisotrichodermin, 8a-hydroxyisotrichodermin ? calonectrin ? deoxynivalenol. in this paper, we describe in vitro investigations of one of these metabolic steps. the cell-free system of f. culmorum that converts is ... | 1996 | 22049997 |
| plant growth promotion activity of keratinolytic fungi growing on a recalcitrant waste known as "hair waste". | purpureocillium lilacinum (thom) samsom is one of the most studied fungi in the control of plant parasitic nematodes. however, there is not specific information on its ability to inhibit some pathogenic bacteria, fungi, or yeast. this work reports the production of several antifungal hydrolytic enzymes by a strain of p. lilacinum when it is grown in a medium containing hair waste. the growth of several plant-pathogenic fungi, alternaria alternata, aspergillus niger, and fusarium culmorum, was co ... | 2015 | 26697226 |
| polyamine metabolism in flax in response to treatment with pathogenic and non-pathogenic fusarium strains. | flax crop yield is limited by various environmental stress factors, but the largest crop losses worldwide are caused by fusarium infection. polyamines are one of the many plant metabolites possibly involved in the plant response to infection. however, in flax plants the polyamine composition, genes involved in polyamine synthesis, and in particular their regulation, were previously unknown. the aim of this study was to investigate the polyamine synthesis pathway in flax and its involvement in re ... | 2015 | 25972886 |
| differential effects of lesion mimic mutants in barley on disease development by facultative pathogens. | lesion mimic mutants display spontaneous necrotic spots and chlorotic leaves as a result of mis-regulated cell death programmes. typically these mutants have increased resistance to biotrophic pathogens but their response to facultative fungi that cause necrotrophic diseases is less well studied. the effect of altered cell death regulation on the development of disease caused by ramularia collo-cygni, fusarium culmorum and oculimacula yallundae was explored using a collection of barley necrotic ... | 2015 | 25873675 |
| [antiadhesive properties of the surfactants of acinetobacter calcoaceticus imb b-7241, rhodococcus erythropolis imb ac-5017, and nocardia vaccinii imb b-7405]. | attachment of the cells of some bacteria, yeasts, and micromycetes to various surfaces (catheters, dentures, plastic, polyvinyl chloride, tiles, and steel) treated with the surfactants fromacinetobacter calcoace- ticus imb b-7241, rhodococcus erythropolis imb ac-5017, and nocardia vaccinii imb b-7405 was studied. adhesion of microorganisms to all the studied surfaces depended on the surfactant concentration and purity, kind of surface, and the test culture. treatment with the surfactants from n. ... | 2015 | 25941712 |
| comparison of antifungal activity of extracts from different juglans regia cultivars and juglone. | this study discusses the similarities and differences between the antifungal activity of extracts from walnut green husks of lake, koszycki, uo1, uo2 and non-grafted cultivars as well as juglone against the plant pathogenic fungi such as alternaria alternata, rhizoctonia solani, botrytis cinerea, fusarium culmorum, phytophthora infestans as well as ascosphaera apis causing chalkbrood disease in honey bees. the obtained data show that the antifungal activities of the extracts do not always depend ... | 2016 | 27744101 |
| fusarium culmorum: causal agent of foot and root rot and head blight on wheat. | fusarium culmorum is a ubiquitous soil-borne fungus able to cause foot and root rot and fusarium head blight on different small-grain cereals, in particular wheat and barley. it causes significant yield and quality losses and results in contamination of the grain with mycotoxins. this review summarizes recent research activities related to f. culmorum, including studies into its population diversity, mycotoxin biosynthesis, mechanisms of pathogenesis and resistance, the development of diagnostic ... | 2012 | 23279114 |
| production of antifungal chitinase by aspergillus niger lock 62 and its potential role in the biological control. | aspergillus niger lock 62 produces an antifungal chitinase. different sources of chitin in the medium were used to test the production of the chitinase. chitinase production was most effective when colloidal chitin and shrimp shell were used as substrates. the optimum incubation period for chitinase production by aspergillus niger lock 62 was 6 days. the chitinase was purified from the culture medium by fractionation with ammonium sulfate and affinity chromatography. the molecular mass of the pu ... | 2012 | 22922773 |
| chemosensitization of plant pathogenic fungi to agricultural fungicides. | a common consequence of using agricultural fungicides is the development of resistance by fungal pathogens, which undermines reliability of fungicidal effectiveness. a potentially new strategy to aid in overcoming or minimizing this problem is enhancement of pathogen sensitivity to fungicides, or "chemosensitization." chemosensitization can be accomplished by combining a commercial fungicide with a certain non- or marginally fungicidal substance at levels where, alone, neither compound would be ... | 2012 | 22408641 |
| synthesis and in vitro antifungal efficacy of oleoyl-chitosan nanoparticles against plant pathogenic fungi. | an antifungal dispersion system was prepared by oleoyl-chitosan (o-chitosan) nanoparticles, and the antifungal activity against several plant pathogenic fungi was investigated. under scanning electron microscopy, the nanoparticles formulation appeared to be uniform with almost spherical shape. the particle size of nanoparticles was around 296.962 nm. transmission electron microscopy observation showed that nanoparticles could be well distributed in potato dextrose agar medium. mycelium growth ex ... | 2016 | 26434526 |
| cocultivation of phytopathogenic fusarium and alternaria strains affects fungal growth and mycotoxin production. | a laboratory study was conducted to evaluate the influence of cocultivation of toxigenic fusarium (f.) and alternaria (a.) fungi with respect to growth and mycotoxin production. | 2012 | 22776416 |
| zearalenone lactonohydrolase activity in hypocreales and its evolutionary relationships within the epoxide hydrolase subset of a/b-hydrolases. | zearalenone is a mycotoxin produced by several species of fusarium genus, most notably fusarium graminearum and fusarium culmorum. this resorcylic acid lactone is one of the most important toxins causing serious animal and human diseases. for over two decades it has been known that the mycoparasitic fungus clonostachys rosea (synonym: gliocladium roseum, teleomorph: bionectria ochroleuca) can detoxify zearalenone, however no such attributes have been described within the trichoderma genus. | 2014 | 24708405 |
| comparison of the effect of the chosen species of saprotrophic fungi on the development of toxocara canis and ascaris suum eggs. | the study aim was to compare the antagonistic interaction between saprotrophic soil fungi and embryonic development of geohelminths toxocara canis and ascaris suum. the experimental cultures were fertilized eggs of t.canis and a. suum incubated together with mycelium of strains: fusarium culmorum, metarhizium anisopliae,paecilomyces fumosoroseus, trichoderma viride and trichothecium roseum. in the control cultures the eggs of both nematode species were incubated without fungi. the experiment was ... | 2014 | 25281819 |
| a mini-survey of moulds and mycotoxins in locally grown and imported wheat grains in nigeria. | a preliminary survey involving limited sample size was conducted to determine the spectrum of moulds and mycotoxins in wheat grains from flour mills and local markets in nigeria. fourteen wheat samples were analyzed for moulds using standard mycological methods and for toxic fungal metabolites using a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric method. fusarium (range of incidence 12.5-61.7%) dominated in the wheat grains though species of aspergillus (range of incidence 2.24-3.86%) were als ... | 2017 | 27905064 |
| lactobacillus plantarum with broad antifungal activity: a promising approach to increase safety and shelf-life of cereal-based products. | cereal-based fermented products are worldwide diffused staple food resources and cereal-based beverages represent a promising innovative field in the food market. contamination and development of spoilage filamentous fungi can result in loss of cereal-based food products and it is a critical safety concern due to their potential ability to produce mycotoxins. lactic acid bacteria (lab) have been proposed as green strategy for the control of the moulds in the food industry due to their ability to ... | 2017 | 27240933 |
| synthesis and antifungal activity of 2h-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4h)-one derivatives. | a series of 2-alkyl-2h-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4h)-ones (4a-l) was easily synthesized by two-step process involving o-alkylation of 2-nitrophenols with methyl 2-bromoalkanoates and next "green" catalytic reductive cyclization of the obtained 2-nitro ester intermediates (3a-l). further, 6,7-dibromo (5a-c) and n-acetyl (6) derivatives were prepared by bromination and acetylation of unsubstituted 2-alkyl-2h-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4h)-ones (4a-c). the novel compounds (3a-l, 4d-l, 5a-c and 6) were fully character ... | 2016 | 26963527 |
| broad-spectrum antifungal-producing lactic acid bacteria and their application in fruit models. | a large-scale screen of some 7,000 presumptive lactic acid bacteria (lab), isolated from animal, human, or plant origin, identified 1,149 isolates with inhibitory activity against the food-spoilage mould penicillium expansum. in excess of 500 lab isolates were subsequently identified to produce a broad spectrum of activity against p. expansum, penicillium digitatum, penicillium notatum, penicillium roqueforti, rhizopus stolonifer, fusarium culmorum, aspergillus fumigatus and rhodotorula mucilagi ... | 2013 | 23160868 |
| [antimicrobial action of nocardia vaccinii imv b-7405 surfactants]. | to study the effect of nocardia vaccinii imv b-7405 surfactants on some bacteria (including pathogens of genera proteus, staphylococcus, enterobacter), yeast of candida species and fungi (aspergillus niger r-3, fusarium culmorum t-7). | 2016 | 26829834 |
| amphotericin b-silver hybrid nanoparticles: synthesis, properties and antifungal activity. | high antifungal activity is reported, in comparison with commercially available products, of a novel hybrid system based on silver nanoparticles synthesized using a popular antifungal macrocyclic polyene amphotericin b (amb) acting both as a reducing and stabilizing/capping agent. the synthesis reaction proceeds in an alkaline environment which prevents aggregation of amb itself and promotes nanoparticle formation. the innovative approach produces monodisperse (pdi=0.05), amb-coated silver nanop ... | 2016 | 26772425 |
| [antiadhesive potencial of rhodococcus erythropolis imb ac-5017 biosurfactants]. | the effect of rhodococcus erythropolis imb ac-5017 biosurfactants (surface-active substances, sas) with different degree of purification on attachment of bacteria (escherichia coli iem-1, bacillus subtilis bt-2, proteus vulgaris bt-1, staphylococcus aureus bmc-1, pseudomonas aeruginosa p-55, enterobacter cloacae ac-22, erwinia aroidaeae b-433), yeasts (candida albicans d-6) and fungi (aspergillus niger p-3, fusarium culmorum t-7) to the abiotic surfaces (glass, plastic, ceramics, steel, linoleum ... | 2015 | 25639039 |
| the effect of sourdough and calcium propionate on the microbial shelf-life of salt reduced bread. | the consumption of low-salt bread represents an efficient way to improve public health by decreasing cardiovascular health issues related to increased intakes of sodium chloride (nacl). the reduction of nacl influences the bread quality characteristics, in particular the shelf-life. calcium propionate (cp) is commonly used in bread as an antifungal agent. alternatively, sourdough can be used as a natural preservative. this work addresses the feasibility of nacl reduction in wheat bread focussing ... | 2012 | 22569634 |
| isolation and characterization of new p-terphenyls with antifungal, antibacterial, and antioxidant activities from halophilic actinomycete nocardiopsis gilva yim 90087. | a new p-terphenyl 1 and a novel p-terphenyl derivative 3 bearing a benzothiazole moiety were isolated from halophilic actinomycete nocardiopsis gilva yim 90087, along with known p-terphenyl 2, antibiotic novobiocin 4, cyclodipeptides 5-13, and aromatic acids 14 and 15. their structures were elucidated on the basis of the interpretation of spectral data and by comparison of the corresponding data with those reported previously. the p-terphenyl 1 showed antifungal activity against the three pathog ... | 2013 | 23441911 |
| season's variation impact on citrus aurantium leaves essential oil: chemical composition and biological activities. | citrus aurantium leaves' essential oils (eos) were evaluated for chemical composition and antioxidant and antibacterial activities. the vegetable material, taken 5 times during the year, has undergone the hydrodistillation to prepare eo. chemical characterization by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and gc/flame ionization detection allowed the identification of 46 compounds, and a notable quantitative and qualitative differences between the different petitgrain samples according to the harve ... | 2012 | 22897411 |
| host-induced silencing of fusarium culmorum genes protects wheat from infection. | plants producing antisense or double-stranded rna molecules that target specific genes of eukaryotic pests or pathogens can become protected from their attack. this beneficial effect was also reported for plant-fungus interactions and is believed to reflect uptake of the rnas by the fungus via an as yet unknown mechanism, followed by target gene silencing. here we report that wheat plants pre-infected with barley stripe mosaic virus (bsmv) strains containing antisense sequences against target ge ... | 2016 | 27540093 |
| alkyl-substituted δ-lactones derived from dihydrojasmone and their stereoselective fungi-mediated conversion: production of new antifeedant agents. | a chemoenzymatic method was applied to obtain optically pure alkyl-substituted δ-lactones. first, chemical baeyer-villiger oxidation of dihydrojasmone (1) was carried out, affording two new alkyl-substituted δ-lactones: 3,4-dihydro-5-methyl-6-pentyl-2h-pyran-2-one (2) and 5-methyl-6-pentyl-1,13-dioxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-2-one (3). in the next step, fungal strains were investigated as biocatalysts to enantioselective conversion of δ-lactones (2) and (3). the fungal cultures: fusarium culmorum am1 ... | 2016 | 27649116 |
| synergistic activity of the plant defensin hsafp1 and caspofungin against candida albicans biofilms and planktonic cultures. | plant defensins are small, cysteine-rich peptides with antifungal activity against a broad range of yeast and fungi. in this study we investigated the antibiofilm activity of a plant defensin from coral bells (heuchera sanguinea), i.e. hsafp1. to this end, hsafp1 was heterologously produced using pichia pastoris as a host. the recombinant peptide rhsafp1 showed a similar antifungal activity against the plant pathogen fusarium culmorum as native hsafp1 purified from seeds. nmr analysis revealed t ... | 2015 | 26248029 |
| dual effects of metarhizium spp. and clonostachys rosea against an insect and a seed-borne pathogen in wheat. | crops are often prone to both insect herbivory and disease, which necessitate multiple control measures. ideally, an efficacious biological control agent must adequately control the target organism and not be inhibited by other biological control agents when applied simultaneously. wheat seeds infected with the plant pathogen fusarium culmorum were treated with metarhizium brunneum or m. flavoviride and clonostachys rosea individually and in combination, with the expectation to control both root ... | 2016 | 25827357 |
| fusarium culmorum affects expression of biofilm formation key genes in bacillus subtilis. | it is known that there is correlation between biofilm formation and antagonistic activities of bacillus subtilis strains; but, the mechanism of this correlation is not clear. so, the effect of the plant pathogen (fusarium culmorum) on the biofilm formation in a b. subtilis strain with high antagonistic and biofilm formation activities was studied. the expression of sinr and tasa genes involved in the biofilm formation was studied in both single culture of bacterium (b) and co-culture with f. cul ... | 2016 | 26887226 |
| green synthesis of copper nanoparticles by citrus medica linn. (idilimbu) juice and its antimicrobial activity. | we report an eco-friendly method for the synthesis of copper nanoparticles (cunps) using citron juice (citrus medica linn.), which is nontoxic and cheap. the biogenic copper nanoparticles were characterized by uv-vis spectrophotometer showing a typical resonance (spr) at about 631 nm which is specific for cunps. nanoparticles tracking analysis by nanosight-lm20 showed the particles in the range of 10-60 nm with the concentration of 2.18 × 10(8) particles per ml. x-ray diffraction revealed the fc ... | 2015 | 25761857 |
| mutations in the arabidopsis homoserine kinase gene dmr1 confer enhanced resistance to fusarium culmorum and f. graminearum. | mutation of arabidopsis dmr1, encoding homoserine kinase, leads to elevation in homoserine and foliar resistance to the biotrophic pathogens hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis and oidium neolycopersici through activation of an unidentified defence mechanism. this study investigates the effect of mutation of dmr1 on resistance to the ascomycete pathogens fusarium graminearum and f. culmorum, which cause fusarium ear blight (feb) disease on small grain cereals. | 2014 | 25432266 |
| identification of volatile compounds produced by the bacterium burkholderia tropica that inhibit the growth of fungal pathogens. | it has been documented that bacteria from the burkholderia genera produce different kinds of compounds that inhibit plant pathogens, however in burkholderia tropica, an endophytic diazotrophic and phosphate-solubilizing bacterium isolated from a wide diversity of plants, the capacity to produce antifungal compounds has not been evaluated. in order to expand our knowledge about burkholderia tropica as a potential biological control agent, we analyzed 15 different strains of this bacterium to eval ... | 2015 | 23680857 |
| purification and characterization of a keratinase from a feather-degrading fungus, aspergillus flavus strain k-03. | a keratinolytic enzyme secreted by aspergillus flavus k-03 cultured in feather meal basal medium (fmbm) containing 2% (w/v) chicken feather was purified and characterized. keratinolytic enzyme secretion was the maximal at day 16 of the incubation period at ph 8 and 28℃. no relationship was detected between enzyme yield and increase of fungal biomass. the fraction obtained at 80% ammonium sulfate saturation showed 2.39-fold purification and was further purified by gel filtration in sephadex g-100 ... | 2007 | 24015101 |
| antifungal properties of durancins isolated from enterococcus durans a5-11 and of its synthetic fragments. | the aim of this work was to study the antifungal properties of durancins isolated from enterococcus durans a5-11 and of their chemically synthesized fragments. enterococcus durans a5-11 is a lactic acid bacteria strain isolated from traditional mongolian airag cheese. this strain inhibits the growth of several fungi including fusarium culmorum, penicillium roqueforti and debaryomyces hansenii. it produces two bacteriocins: durancin a5-11a and durancin a5-11b, which have similar antimicrobial pro ... | 2013 | 23256522 |
| antimicrobial effect of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid ester with glycerol. | parabens have been commonly used as preservatives in pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries for almost 50 years. these compounds are thermostable, ph-stable and inexpensive and have a wide antimicrobial effect. the antimicrobial activity of parabens in emulsion system is limited by their poor solubility in water phase, which is increasing with the length of their alkyl chain. the aim of this work was preparation of 1-o-(4-hydroxybenzoyl)-glycerol, more hydrophilic and naturally occurring analog ... | 2015 | 26012359 |
| fate of fusarium toxins during brewing. | some information is available about the fate of fusarium toxins during the brewing process, but only little is known about the single processing steps in detail. in our study we produced beer from two different barley cultivars inoculated with three different fusarium species, namely, fusarium culmorum, fusarium sporotrichioides, and fusarium avenaceum, producing a wide range of mycotoxins such as type b trichothecenes, type a trichothecenes, and enniatins. by the use of multi-mycotoxin lc-ms/ms ... | 2017 | 27931101 |
| interactions of fusarium species during prepenetration development. | interspecies interactions between fusarium avenaceum, fusarium culmorum, fusarium graminearum, fusarium poae, and fusarium tricinctum were studied during early growth stages of isolates on model surfaces. additionally, germination and germ tube growth of the pathogens were studied on attached and detached wheat leaves at 10 °c and 22 °c. two-species interactions between fusarium isolates during germination and germ tube growth were assessed after 8 hours of incubation. all species except f. tric ... | 2012 | 22749170 |
| fusariosis of spring barley cultivated in lublin region. | diseases of spring barley in 1986-1988 seasons have been examined on barley plantations in lublin region. observations in eight weeks after sowing each year spring showed the occurrence of root rot and sheath rot in seedlings. as a result of mycological examination of infected seedlings 34 species of fungi were isolated:fusarium spp. amounted up to 23% of all isolates. each year,fusarium culmorum andf.avenaceum were isolated, butf graminearum only in 1987. on all inspected fields there occurred ... | 1991 | 23605892 |
| an in vitro study of bio-control and plant growth promotion potential of salicaceae endophytes. | microbial communities in the endosphere of salicaceae plants, poplar (populus trichocarpa) and willow (salix sitchensis), have been demonstrated to be important for plant growth promotion, protection from biotic and abiotic stresses, and degradation of toxic compounds. our study aimed to investigate bio-control activities of salicaceae endophytes against various soil borne plant pathogens including rhizoctonia solani ag-8, fusarium culmorum, gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici, and pythium ulti ... | 2017 | 28348550 |
| fcrav2, a gene with rogdi domain involved in fusarium head blight and crown rot on durum wheat caused by fusarium culmorum. | fusarium culmorum is a soil-borne fungal pathogen able to cause foot and root rot and fusarium head blight on small grain cereals, particularly on wheat and barley. it causes significant yield and quality loss and results in the contamination of kernels with type b trichothecene mycotoxins. knowledge on pathogenicity factors of this fungus is still limited. a transposon tagging approach based on the mimp1/impala double component system has allowed us to select a mutant altered in multiple metabo ... | 2017 | 28322011 |
| resistance to multiple soil-borne pathogens of the pacific northwest, usa is colocated in a wheat recombinant inbred line population. | soil-borne pathogens of the pacific northwest decrease yields in both spring and winter wheat. pathogens of economic importance include fusarium culmorum, pratylenchus neglectus, p. thornei, and rhizoctonia solani ag8. few options are available to growers to manage these pathogens and reduce yield loss, therefore the focus for breeding programs is on developing resistant wheat cultivars. a recombinant inbred line population, louau (mp-7, nsl 511036), was developed to identify quantitative trait ... | 2017 | 28159864 |
| cytotoxic, antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of perillyl alcohol and its biotransformation metabolite on a549 and hepg2 cancer cell lines. | the monoterpene perillyl alcohol has attracted attention in medicinal chemistry since it exhibited chemo-preventive and therapeutic properties against a variety of cancers. in the present work, anticancer activities of perillyl alcohol and its biotransformation metabolite, dehydroperillic acid, produced through microbial biotransformation with fusarium culmorum in a yield of 20.4 % were studied. in vitro anticancer studies, perillyl alcohol was found to exert cytotoxicity against hepg2 cell line ... | 2017 | 28044940 |
| growth inhibitory and proapoptotic effects of l-asparaginase from fusarium culmorum asp-87 on human leukemia cells (jurkat). | the objective of this study was to evaluate the anticancer properties of l-asparaginase purified from fungal isolate fusarium culmorum asp-87 against human t-cell leukemia cell line (jurkat). the growth inhibitory and proapoptotic effects of purified l-asparaginase on jurkat cell lines were investigated by determining its influence on cell viability, colony formation, dna fragmentation, and cell cycle progression. the results revealed that purified l-asparaginase showed significant decrease in c ... | 2016 | 27885727 |
| higher fusarium toxin accumulation in grain of winter triticale lines inoculated with fusarium culmorum as compared with wheat. | resistance to fusarium head blight in 32 winter triticale and 34 winter wheat accessions was evaluated. triticale and wheat were sown in field experiments in two locations. at the time of flowering, heads were inoculated with three fusarium culmorum isolates. fusarium head blight index was scored and after the harvest percentage of fusarium damaged kernels was assessed. grain was analysed for type b trichothecenes (deoxynivalenol and derivatives, nivalenol) and zearalenone (zen) content. the ave ... | 2016 | 27763547 |