| evaluation of a commercial dna probe assay for the identification of clinical isolates of blastomyces dermatitidis from dogs. | a dna probe assay (accuprobe, gen-probe, inc., san diego, ca) for culture confirmation of blastomyces dermatitidis in clinical isolates was evaluated using 72 isolates of b. dermatitidis (62 dog isolates, five from other animals, four human isolates and one soil isolate). in addition, specificity determinations were performed using 28 american type culture collection (atcc) fungal isolates, other than b. dermatitidis, representing 21 different genera. the non-isotopic hybrid protection assay, th ... | 1992 | 1573520 |
| disseminated penicillium marneffei infection in hiv-infected subject. | penicillium marneffei is a rare human pathogen predominantly affecting residents of south-east asia. we report four fatal cases from hong kong in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. the diagnosis was established by histological examination and confirmed by isolation of the fungus. the infection was disseminated with involvement of lymph nodes, liver, spleen, lung, intestine and bone marrow. the involved organs showed an exclusively anergic tissue reaction characterized by a diffuse i ... | 1992 | 1577408 |
| disseminated nocardia asteroides diagnosed by blood culture in a patient with disseminated histoplasmosis. | we describe herein a provocative case involving an immunosuppressed patient with disseminated histoplasma capsulatum and also disseminated nocardia asteroides, which was documented by multiple routine blood culture samples. nocardia asteroides was isolated from 15 routine blood cultures using the nonradiometric blood culture system (bactec nr-660, becton dickinson, towson, md). several different species of the genus nocardia proved to thrive in blood culture bottles (bactec) when experimental in ... | 1992 | 1580761 |
| chronic progressive cns histoplasmosis presenting in childhood: response to fluconazole therapy. | an 18-year-old hispanic female developed symptoms of a histoplasma capsulatum infection at 9 1/2 years of age. initial problems of ataxia and hydrocephalus were followed by seizures and a cranial nerve palsy which developed over several years. t1-weighted cranial magnetic resonance imaging studies revealed numerous high-signal lesions; subsequently, signs of multisystem dissemination developed. treatment included ventriculoperitoneal shunting, corticosteroids, amphotericin b, and a new antifunga ... | 1992 | 1580961 |
| molecular cloning and expression of hsp82 gene of the dimorphic pathogenic fungus histoplasma capsulatum. | we have cloned a nucleotide sequence from histoplasma capsulatum g222b corresponding to a heat inducible hsp82 gene, and determined its entire sequence and the flanking regions. during the temperature-controlled mycelium-to-yeast phase transition the gene is more actively transcribed at 37 degrees c in the temperature tolerant and mouse-virulent g222b strain, while 34 degrees c is the optimum for transcription in the temperature sensitive and mouse-avirulent downs strain. | 1992 | 1581351 |
| diagnosis of histoplasmosis in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome by detection of histoplasma capsulatum polysaccharide antigen in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. | diagnosis of histoplasmosis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) may be established by detection of the organism in lung tissue or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. in this report we have evaluated the utility of histoplasma capsulatum polysaccharide antigen (hpa) detection in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for diagnosis of histoplasmosis. hpa was detected in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of 19 of 27 cases (70.3%). of 122 controls with a variety of underlying diseases, hpa was det ... | 1992 | 1596012 |
| recognition of histoplasma capsulatum yeast-cell antigens by human lymphocytes and human t-cell clones. | we have prepared a detergent extract from the cell wall and cell membrane of histoplasma capsulatum yeast cells that is recognized by t cells from mice immunized with viable organisms or with the extract. a 62-kd antigen from this extract has been isolated and has been shown to be antigenic and to confer protective immunity in mice. in this study, we examined the in vitro proliferative response by human lymphocytes and human t-cell clones to both the extract from the cell wall and cell membrane ... | 1992 | 1602236 |
| an 80-kilodalton antigen from histoplasma capsulatum that has homology to heat shock protein 70 induces cell-mediated immune responses and protection in mice. | an extract of the cell wall and cell membrane from histoplasma capsulatum yeast cells was assayed by western blot (immunoblot) for reactivity with two monoclonal antibodies to heat shock protein 70. four bands with molecular masses of 80, 66, 54, and 32 kda bound both antibodies. the 80-kda protein was isolated, analyzed for homology to heat shock protein 70, and tested for antigenicity and immunogenicity in c57bl/6 mice. the 80-kda protein reacted with monoclonal antibody to heat shock protein ... | 1992 | 1612726 |
| digestion of histoplasma capsulatum yeasts by human macrophages. | the strategies used by histoplasma capsulatum yeasts to survive and multiply within human macrophages (m phi) are unknown. to better understand these strategies we studied the intracellular fate of viable vs heat-killed (hk) yeasts in human monocyte-derived m phi. initial studies demonstrated that phagolysosome fusion was present in m phi ingesting either viable or hk yeasts. viable yeasts multiplied within m phi phagolysosomes, whereas m phi completely digested intracellular fitc-labeled hk yea ... | 1992 | 1624804 |
| disseminated histoplasmosis diagnosed by percutaneous needle biopsy of a retroperitoneal lymph node. a case report. | a case of disseminated histoplasmosis diagnosed by percutaneous needle biopsy cytology is reported. the patient presented with fever and pancytopenia. computed tomography (ct) revealed retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy. cytology smears prepared from a ct-guided screw needle biopsy of one of the lymph nodes showed numerous histiocytes with intracytoplasmic yeast forms consistent with histoplasma capsulatum. fungal cultures prepared from additional needle biopsy material confirmed the diagnosis. thi ... | 1992 | 1636347 |
| histoplasmosis of the central nervous system. | histoplasma capsulatum infection of the central nervous system is extremely rare in the united kingdom partly because the organism is not endemic. however, because the organism can remain quiescent in the lungs or the adrenal glands for over 40 years before dissemination, it increasingly needs to be considered in unexplained neurological disease particularly in people who lived in endemic areas as children. in this paper a rapidly progressive fatal myelopathy in an english man brought up in indi ... | 1992 | 1640242 |
| disseminated histoplasmosis in a badger (meles meles) in denmark. | we report the first case of disseminated histoplasmosis in an animal in scandinavia. yeast cells compatible with those of histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum were found in the skin, liver, spleen, a kidney, and a lymph node of a wild badger (meles meles). the diagnosis was confirmed by electron microscopy and immunofluorescence staining of the yeast cells in tissue sections. | 1992 | 1642845 |
| histoplasmosis in northwestern argentina. epidemiological survey of chuscha and la higuera in the province of tucumán. | the present work was undertaken to obtain epidemiological data on the extent and distribution of histoplasma capsulatum infections in the chuscha and la higuera areas. skin test surveys of the human population with histoplasmin and paracoccidioidin were carried out in 40% of the permanent population of both localities, between 3 and 88 years old. it was found that 53.57% of the population were histoplasmin reactors and 1.86% of the population were paracoccidioidin reactors. | 1992 | 1644137 |
| killing of histoplasma capsulatum by gamma-interferon-activated human monocyte-derived macrophages: evidence for a superoxide anion-dependent mechanism. | the interaction of human macrophages with the yeast form of the thermally dimorphic fungal pathogen, histoplasma capsulatum, was studied. macrophages derived from monocytes by culture in vitro for 3 days ingested h. capsulatum, but were neither fungicidal or fungistatic. in contrast, when monocytes were exposed to human recombinant gamma-interferon (gamma-ifn) during their differentiation into macrophages, those macrophages were able to reduce the number of ingested or adherent cfu of h. capsula ... | 1991 | 1649308 |
| surgical pathology of the liver in hiv infection. | in the 6-year period 1984-1989, 101 liver biopsies or 'needle necropsies' from human immunodeficiency virus positive patients were examined histologically. of these, only nine showed no abnormality whatsoever. the commonest histological findings were either fatty change or changes related to co-existent chronic viral hepatitis. granulomas were seen in 15 cases, four of which were positive for acid-fast bacilli. a range of organisms were recorded: cytomegalovirus (4); histoplasma capsulatum (1); ... | 1991 | 1653181 |
| resistance of histoplasma capsulatum to killing by human neutrophils. evasion of oxidative burst and lysosomal-fusion products. | the basis for resistance of yeast form of histoplasma capsulatum to antifungal activity of human neutrophils was studied. in limiting dilution assays and short term coculture assays human neutrophils were ineffective in killing h. capsulatum whereas candida albicans was readily killed. by contrast, in a cell free hydrogen peroxide-peroxidase-halide system h. capsulatum was as sensitive to killing as c. albicans. moreover, lysate of human neutrophils effectively substituted for horse-radish perox ... | 1991 | 1660960 |
| an epizootic of histoplasmosis duboisii (african histoplasmosis) in an american baboon colony. | histoplasmosis duboisii, a chronic granulomatous disease caused by histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii, was diagnosed in 21 baboons at a large primate colony in san antonio, texas. diagnosis was based on finding 8 to 15 microns-diameter yeast cells in histologic sections. therapy with drugs was unsuccessful. surgical removal of lesions was the primary treatment. epidemiologic data suggest the incubation period to be at least 9 months. the most likely route of infection was oral and happened dur ... | 1991 | 1666137 |
| production of extracellular collagenolytic proteinases by histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii and histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum in the yeast phase. | yeast cultures of histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii and h. capsulatum var. capsulatum in collagen containing defined, semi-defined and complex media produced extracellular collagenolytic proteinases, assayed using 4-phenylazo-benzyloxycarbonyl-l-propyl-l-leucyl- glycyl-l-propyl-d-arginine, a specific collagenase substrate. significant levels of hydroxyproline were measured in the cultures and clear zones of hydrolysis were produced in collagen buffer agar by the crude enzyme preparations. hyd ... | 1991 | 1668620 |
| ultrastructural effects of pcms on mycelial-yeast transition in histoplasma capsulatum. | the yeast phase of histoplasma capsulatum has stringent growth requirements. transition from mycelium to yeast takes place only in the presence of cysteine and can be blocked by the -sh groups inhibitor p-chloromercury-phenylsulfonic acid (pcms). ultrastructural studies show lysis and degeneration of pcms treated mycelium grown at 37 degrees c for 24 hours. only 50% of pcms treated mycelium appear degenerate when grown at 34 degrees c for 24 hours. the remaining cells have normal morphology with ... | 1991 | 1668638 |
| two cases of blastomycosis from a common source: use of dna restriction analysis to identify strains. | two friends, one with aids, developed severe pulmonary blastomycosis but differed markedly in clinical course. the human immunodeficiency virus-negative patient responded completely to ketoconazole; the patient with aids died of progressive disseminated infection despite treatment with fluconazole and amphotericin b. epidemiologic investigation suggested a common source of infection, but serologic evaluation and environmental cultures were unrevealing. ecori digestion of the blastomyces dermatit ... | 1991 | 1674750 |
| a murine monoclonal antibody exhibiting high species specificity for histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum. | a monoclonal antibody (mab) exhibiting a high degree of species specificity for the yeast phase of the dimorphic fungus histoplasma capsulatum was produced by a modification of the standard mab production protocol. the technique for generating mabs involved the use of the immunosuppressive drug cyclophosphamide to diminish the response in mice to immunodominant cross-reactive epitopes. this mab exhibited clear specificity and did not react by elisa with the closely related genera blastomyces, pa ... | 1990 | 1691267 |
| functional analysis of histoplasma capsulatum-reactive t-cell hybridomas. | activation of cd4+ t cells is a crucial step in the elimination of histoplasma capsulatum yeast cells from tissues. however, only a limited amount of information exists concerning the immunobiology of h. capsulatum-reactive t cells that are cd4+. to facilitate the analysis of the functional activities of this t-cell subpopulation, we developed a panel of 10 murine t-cell hybridomas from splenocytes of immune c57bl/6 mice. all hybridomas reacted with monoclonal anti-cd4+ antibody and released int ... | 1990 | 1692805 |
| preparation of monoclonal antibodies that differentiate between histoplasma capsulatum variant capsulatum and h. capsulatum variant duboisii. | the immunosuppressive drug cyclophosphamide was used to facilitate the production of monoclonal antibodies (mabs) which differentiated between the yeast phase of the two variants of the dimorphic fungus histoplasma capsulatum by both enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blot. two mabs are described, identifying epitopes on a 70-75 kda molecule, which are specific to h. capsulatum var. capsulatum and which do not identify epitopes of h. capsulatum var. duboisii. these mabs have potential ... | 1990 | 1701936 |
| prostatic abscess due to histoplasma capsulatum in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | disseminated histoplasmosis is a systemic fungal infection that may occur in previously healthy or immunocompromised patients. the condition is being recognized with increasing frequency in persons infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. the most common organs involved include the lung, bone marrow, lymph nodes, liver, adrenals and central nervous system, with genitourinary involvement being exceedingly unusual. we describe a histoplasma capsulatum prostatic abscess occurring after thera ... | 1992 | 1729520 |
| intracellular growth inhibition of histoplasma capsulatum induced in murine macrophages by recombinant gamma interferon is not due to a limitation of the supply of methionine or cysteine to the fungus. | recombinant murine gamma interferon (rmuifn-gamma) stimulates mouse peritoneal macrophages to inhibit the intracellular growth of the zoopathogenic fungus histoplasma capsulatum. in some systems, the inhibition of growth of an intracellular parasite by rifn-gamma has been related to nutritional constraints induced in the host cells by the lymphokine. such an explanation might apply to h. capsulatum because the fungus is a functional methionine-cysteine (met-cys) auxotroph at 37 degrees c; its su ... | 1992 | 1730506 |
| recovery of histoplasma capsulatum from blood in a commercial radiometric mycobacterium medium. | we report the recovery of histoplasma capsulatum from blood specimens cultured for mycobacterium sp. in bactec 13a radiometric medium. h. capsulatum was recovered from six of eight blood specimens submitted for mycobacterial cultures from five human immunodeficiency virus-positive individuals. initial positive metabolic signals occurred at a mean of 11 days, but no organisms were detected with acid-fast stains. the bottles remained positive, and after an additional incubation (mean, 8 days), yea ... | 1992 | 1734060 |
| bone marrow examination for the diagnosis of mycobacterial and fungal infections in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | in a series of 342 bone marrow examinations from 314 patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection, 70 examinations (20%) detected opportunistic mycobacterial or fungal infections. one hundred eleven of the 314 patients had such infections, and, hence, 63% (70/111) were detected by bone marrow examination. special stains for microorganisms detected 16 (32%) of 50 mycobacterium avium complex infections, 10 (22%) of 45 mycobacterium tuberculosis infections, eight (73%) of 11 histoplasma cap ... | 1991 | 1747030 |
| histoplasma variation and adaptive strategies for parasitism: new perspectives on histoplasmosis. | this review summarizes the biology of histoplasma capsulatum in relation to a wide variety of corresponding pathologies in histoplasmosis. features of these disease syndromes can be explained in part by natural variations within the fungal population and adaptations made by individual organisms to specific environments. h. capsulatum grows as mycelia and conidia in the soil; once inhaled, the organism undergoes a dramatic morphological and physiological conversion to a yeast form. the yeasts pro ... | 1991 | 1747859 |
| efficiency of crude and purified fungal antigens in serodiagnosis to discriminate mycotic from other respiratory diseases. | mycotic immunodiagnosis was performed in 186 hospitalized patients with different respiratory diseases, mostly considered as tuberculosis and others with a doubtful diagnosis. crude histoplasmin, coccidioidin, paracoccidioidin, blastomycin, candidin, aspergillin, and sporotrichin, as well as purified polysaccharide-protein complexes (ppc) of histoplasma capsulatum, coccidioides immitis, and paracoccidioides brasiliensis were used as antigens. immune tests used included skin test (st), gel immuno ... | 1991 | 1749392 |
| [pulmonary histoplasmosis due to histoplasma capsulatum. a case]. | the authors report a case of benign multinodular pulmonary histoplasmosis, occurring in a 65 year old woman coming back from guatemala. the disease presented with both fever and cough. the diagnosis was made on a lung biopsy (by thoracotomy) that showed granulomas with giant cells, lymphocytes and central necrosis, and histoplasma capsulatum yeasts on gomori grocott coloration. the authors recall the main radiological forms of the disease, and the difficulties of the diagnosis. when not dissemin ... | 1991 | 1767122 |
| [mycoses and adrenocortical function. new pathogenetic aspects of adrenal hypofunction]. | three aspects of the possible relationships between adrenocortical function and mycoses are considered: a) abnormal steroid hormone concentrations that may favour onset and/or clinical course of mycotic diseases; b) presence of granulomas in the adrenal glands during systemic mycoses; c) effects of antifungal drugs on steroidogenesis. glucocorticoids are potent inhibitors of t-lymphocyte proliferation, in that they affect both the production of il-1 from monocytes/macrophages and il-2 from activ ... | 1991 | 1815300 |
| in vitro production of extracellular elastolytic proteinase by histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii and histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum in the yeast phase. | extracellular elastolytic proteinase was produced by yeast cultures of histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii and h. capsulatum var. capsulatum in three different induction media, assayed using elastin-orcein as the substrate. medium-dependent variations in the time-course for enzyme production were observed and no peak was recorded. the proteinases hydrolysed both casein and bovine serum albumin indicating a broad substrate specificity. both elastolytic proteinases had similar optimum ph (ph 8) a ... | 1991 | 1824415 |
| imaging of pediatric mediastinal histoplasmosis. | histoplasmosis can present a diagnostic dilemma if unusually large masses of lymph nodes, invasive mediastinal fibrosis, or pericarditis result from the infection. these rare, late sequelae are often first suspected from findings on chest radiographs obtained for unrelated reasons. organisms are not always evident at histologic analysis at this stage. mediastinal granulomas consist of lobulated masses of enlarged lymph nodes with central caseation, a peripheral thin capsule, and, occasionally, c ... | 1991 | 1852931 |
| deficiency in the incorporation of labeled thymidine and inhibition in the biosynthesis of interleukin-2 in lymphocytes obtained from histoplasma capsulatum infected mice. | the incorporation of (3h) thymidine and the biosynthesis of interleukin-2(il-2) were investigated in concanavalin a (cona) and histoplasmin stimulated lymphocytes from spleen of infected balb/c mice with the yeast phases of histoplasma capsulatum. the ability to incorporate (3h) thymidine of con a stimulated lymphocytes in culture from spleen of histoplasma capsulatum infected mice, as well as the il-2 content present in the supernatants of that cultures, were depressed along the first three wee ... | 1991 | 1875987 |
| cutaneous lesions of histoplasmosis with transepidermal elimination in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | histoplasma capsulatum is a dimorphic pathogenic fungus that produces a variety of self-limiting disease syndromes in healthy persons, but commonly disseminates in immunocompromised hosts. although histoplasmosis has been recently described in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, it is an uncommon finding, occurring in fewer than 0.5 percent of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. we are reporting a second case of disseminated histoplasmosis presenting as keratotic papu ... | 1991 | 1879175 |
| detection of antibody responses and delayed dermal hypersensitivity with blastomyces dermatitidis yeast and mycelial lysate antigens. | yeast cell lysate and mycelial lysate antigens prepared from one strain (t-58) of blastomyces dermatitidis were evaluated with respect to the detection of antibodies and delayed dermal hypersensitivity. comparable elisa sensitivity values were evidenced with the two antigens when assayed against serum specimens from dogs with blastomycosis, sera from non-infected dogs residing in endemic and non-endemic areas for blastomycosis and sera from rabbits that were hyperimmunized with b. dermatitidis a ... | 1991 | 1886639 |
| antifungal activity of murine polymorphonuclear neutrophils against histoplasma capsulatum. | murine polymorphonuclear neutrophils (pmn) were examined for fungicidal and fungistatic activity against yeast cells of histoplasma capsulatum. in a 16-h limiting dilution assay (lda) (constant number of pmn versus decreasing numbers of yeast cells) where pmn to yeast cell ratios were high (0.4-1.5 x 10(5):1), murine pmn exhibited a limited fungicidal effect on h. capsulatum as measured by sterilization of cultures containing one to four yeast cells. on the other hand, inoculum colony forming un ... | 1991 | 1890560 |
| ketoconazole-responsive tonsillar infection due to histoplasma capsulatum in an hiv-1-seropositive individual. | | 1991 | 1892607 |
| cutaneous histoplasma capsulatum in a nonimmunocompromised patient with previously treated cutaneous mycobacterium kansasii. | this report describes a black woman with a history of cutaneous mycobacterium kansasii responsive to antituberculous drugs. a culture several years later of cutaneous lesions was also positive for histoplasma capsulatum. both cutaneous diseases are rare and most often occur in immunocompromised hosts. there is no known association between these two diseases. this patient may have an as-yet unidentified immunodeficiency that predisposes her to these rare infections. her case emphasizes the import ... | 1991 | 1894784 |
| inhibition of intracellular growth of histoplasma capsulatum yeast cells by cytokine-activated human monocytes and macrophages. | human monocytes/macrophages (m psi) were infected with histoplasma capsulatum yeast cells, and intracellular growth was quantified after 24 h of incubation in medium alone or in medium containing cytokines. yeast cells multiplied within freshly isolated monocytes, cultured m psi, and alveolar m psi with intracellular generation times of 14.2 +/- 1.4, 18.5 +/- 2.1, and 19.9 +/- 1.9 h (mean +/- standard error of the mean), respectively. monocytes and m psi inhibited the intracellular growth of yea ... | 1991 | 1898916 |
| iron limitation and the gamma interferon-mediated antihistoplasma state of murine macrophages. | the zoopathogenic fungus histoplasma capsulatum requires iron for growth. intracellular growth of the fungus within mouse peritoneal macrophages is inhibited by recombinant murine gamma interferon (ifn-gamma). such treatment of mouse peritoneal macrophages induces a marked downshift in transferrin receptors. we tested whether the antihistoplasma effect of ifn-gamma-treated macrophages is the result of iron deprivation. treatment of mouse peritoneal macrophages with the intracellular iron chelato ... | 1991 | 1904840 |
| disseminated histoplasmosis in a siv-infected rhesus monkey. | disseminated histoplasmosis due to histoplasma capsulatum was diagnosed in a rhesus monkey inoculated with simian immunodeficiency virus (siv). immunohistochemical staining of tissues for viral core antigens revealed that those macrophages that expressed viral antigen contained few or no fungal organisms, while those that were filled with fungal organisms did not express viral antigen. this is a previously undocumented condition in a siv-infected macaque, and suggests that siv infection of indiv ... | 1991 | 1920380 |
| the intron-containing hsp82 gene of the dimorphic pathogenic fungus histoplasma capsulatum is properly spliced in severe heat shock conditions. | we have isolated and characterized a heat-inducible gene, hsp82, from the dimorphic pathogenic fungus histoplasma capsulatum, which is a filamentous mold at 25 degrees c and a unicellular yeast at 37 degrees c. this gene, which has a high degree of homology with other members of the hsp82 gene family, is split into three exons and two introns of 122 and 86 nucleotides, respectively. contrary to what has been demonstrated in drosophila melanogaster, saccharomyces cerevisiae, and other organisms, ... | 1991 | 1922067 |
| empiric therapy for the immunocompromised host. | the use of empiric therapy for immunocompromised hosts has been one of the major advances in the management of such patients. such therapy has been put into practice primarily for patients with neutropenia induced by cytotoxic chemotherapy. the empiric antibiotic regimens include in their coverage the bowel, skin, and intravenous-catheter flora anticipated for patients in a particular hospital. less often, physicians treat empirically for opportunistic infections that complicate defects in helpe ... | 1991 | 1925322 |
| disseminated histoplasmosis: abdominal ct findings in 16 patients. | since the onset of the aids epidemic, disseminated histoplasma capsulatum infection has been reported with much greater frequency in both endemic and nonendemic areas. abdominal ct scans of 16 patients with disseminated histoplasmosis were reviewed retrospectively to identify radiologic features of this disease. the diagnosis was confirmed by autopsy (three patients), bone marrow biopsy (10 patients), lymph node biopsy (three patients), bronchoscopic biopsy (three patients), liver biopsy (two pa ... | 1991 | 1927816 |
| protective efficacy of a 62-kilodalton antigen, his-62, from the cell wall and cell membrane of histoplasma capsulatum yeast cells. | we reported previously that a detergent extract of the cell wall and cell membrane of histoplasma capsulatum yeast cells contains antigens recognized by t cells. in t-cell immunoblot analysis, a region encompassing 62 kda was stimulatory for an h. capsulatum-reactive t-cell line and t-cell clones derived from c57bl/6 mice. in this study, we isolated a 62-kda band, termed his-62, from electrophoresed cell wall and cell membrane of h. capsulatum yeast cells and examined its antigenicity and immuno ... | 1991 | 1937804 |
| opportunistic and pathogenic fungi. | the number of fungal species reported to cause disease in man is increasing rapidly. very few of these fungi are capable of infecting a normal host. important progress has been achieved in an understanding of fungal pathogenicity including the mechanisms of adherence to host tissues, penetration of tissues, multiplication within the host, and the interaction of fungal cells with host effector cells. in addition to the increase in infections by opportunistic and pathogenic fungi in compromised pa ... | 1991 | 1938702 |
| antifungal therapy and the new azole compounds. | at present there are weaknesses in the range and scope of antifungal chemotherapy. the development of a new group of azole drugs, the triazoles, has introduced antifungal agents with broad-spectrum activity which can be given by the oral route. fluconazole is very well absorbed and has good penetration. while its principal activity is against yeasts and there are clinical data to support its use in candida and cryptococcus infections, little work has been completed on its clinical use in aspergi ... | 1991 | 1938705 |
| fungal disease in hiv-infected persons: cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis, and coccidioidomycosis. | the aids epidemic has profoundly influenced the expression of deep-seated fungal disease in this country over the past 10 years. previously an uncommon etiology of life threatening disease, deep-seated fungal infections with cryptococcus neoformans, histoplasma capsulatum, and coccidioides immitis accounted for nearly 3000 aids index diagnoses in 1990. as the epidemic matures, symptomatic hiv infection can be expected to rise in areas of endemic fungal infection resulting in further recognition ... | 1991 | 1942195 |
| ocular histoplasmosis with retinitis in a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. | disseminated histoplasmosis is one of the life-threatening opportunistic infections associated with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids). a 29-year-old man with aids and disseminated histoplasmosis complained of a hazy spot in the vision of his left eye. results of examination showed distinct creamy white intraretinal and subretinal infiltrates in both eyes. the patient died within a month from pulmonary infection with histoplasma capsulatum and cytomegalovirus. examination with light micr ... | 1991 | 1945308 |
| prevalence of histoplasmosis in a midsouthern population. | we found a histoplasmin reactivity rate of 69% in a selected population of normal midsouthern adults. this prevalence is similar to that previously reported and has major clinical implications for area residents who are infected with human immunodeficiency virus and are at risk for disseminated disease with histoplasma capsulatum. | 1991 | 1948222 |
| diagnosis of histoplasmosis in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid by intracytoplasmic localization of silver-positive yeast. | a case of histoplasmosis in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is presented. intracytoplasmic organisms were found in diff-quik- and papanicolaou-stained bronchoalveolar lavage fluid sediment. budding yeasts were found in the silver methenamine-stained material. it was initially thought that the yeasts might represent another infecting organism, especially in view of the patient's history of esophageal candidiasis. when the silver-stained material was counterstained with hematoxyl ... | 1991 | 1950319 |
| histoplasmosis relapse in patients with aids: detection using histoplasma capsulatum variety capsulatum antigen levels. | to assess the accuracy of histoplasma capsulatum variety capsulatum polysaccharide antigen testing for the identification of histoplasmosis relapse in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). | 1991 | 1952490 |
| current therapy of major fungal diseases of the lung. | the treatment of the major systemic fungi encountered in the united states--histoplasma capsulatum, blastomyces dermatitides, and coccidioides immitis--depends on an understanding of the natural history of disease. clinical manifestations of these infections can range from an asymptomatic disease that requires no therapy to an illness that is incurable and requires long-term suppression with antifungal agents to produce a balanced host-to-parasite relationship. this article discusses the natural ... | 1991 | 1955703 |
| concurrent bloodstream infection with histoplasma capsulatum and mycobacterium tuberculosis. | an immunosuppressed patient is the first to be reported with both histoplasmal fungemia and tuberculous bacteremia, emphasizing the need to consider polymicrobial infection in such patients and the utility of lysis-centrifugation and radiometric blood culture techniques. | 1991 | 1955956 |
| recurrent massive pleural effusion due to pleural, pericardial, and epicardial fibrosis in histoplasmosis. | acute histoplasmosis is generally a benign, self-limited pulmonary infection. although histoplasma capsulatum pneumonitis is common, pleural effusions associated with histoplasmosis are quite rare, and massive pleural effusions have not been reported. there have been several reports of pericardial fibrosis secondary to histoplasmosis, but epicardial fibrosis has not been described. we report a biopsy-proven case of histoplasmosis initially associated with recurrent massive pleural effusions and ... | 1991 | 1959418 |
| infectious causes of carpal tunnel syndrome: case report and review. | a case of carpal tunnel syndrome caused by histoplasma capsulatum is presented and the medical literature is reviewed for cases of carpal tunnel syndrome that resulted from infection. over 100 cases of carpal tunnel syndrome secondary to fungal, bacterial, mycobacterial, viral, and parasitic infections are reviewed. in most of these cases, infectious causes of the syndrome were not suspected; the etiology was often determined incidentally at surgery. although infection is not a common cause of c ... | 1991 | 1962108 |
| the respiratory burst response to histoplasma capsulatum by human neutrophils. evidence for intracellular trapping of superoxide anion. | human neutrophils (pmn) have received little attention as to the role they play in host defense against histoplasma capsulatum (hc). we have characterized the binding and phagocytosis of hc yeasts by human pmn and quantified the pmn respiratory burst in response to this organism. mab specific for cd11a, cd11b, and cd11c all partially blocked the attachment of unopsonized yeasts to pmn; a mab to cd18 inhibited attachment by greater than 90%. thus, human pmn recognize and bind hc yeasts via cd18 a ... | 1990 | 1972167 |
| temperature-sensitive variants of histoplasma capsulatum isolated from patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | histoplasma capsulatum isolates from three st. louis area aids patients with disseminated histoplasmosis were found to be closely related to the temperature-sensitive, previously unique, downs strain based on growth phenotype and restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflp) involving mitochondrial dna, ribosomal dna, and the yps-3 gene. h. capsulatum isolates from five non-aids patients in the st. louis area with disseminated histoplasmosis or chronic pulmonary histoplasmosis had the growth ... | 1990 | 1972383 |
| antigenicity and immunogenicity of an extract from the cell wall and cell membrane of histoplasma capsulatum yeast cells. | in order to identify t-cell antigens from histoplasma capsulatum yeast cells, we prepared a detergent extract of the cell wall and cell membrane of yeast-phase h. capsulatum g217b and analyzed its antigenicity and immunogenicity. mice injected with viable h. capsulatum yeast cells or with 500 or 1,000 micrograms of the extract mounted a delayed-type hypersensitivity response to solubilized cell wall and cell membrane. vaccination with this antigenic preparation conferred a protective immune resp ... | 1991 | 1987047 |
| comparison of the lysis-centrifugation and agitated biphasic blood culture systems for detection of fungemia. | although the detection of fungemia has been improved by the use of vented or biphasic blood culture bottles, the best recovery and earliest detection have been reported in the isolator lysis-centrifugation system. it was recently demonstrated that improved detection of both bacteria and fungi was accomplished by mechanically agitating blood culture bottles for the first 24 h of incubation. in this study the detection of fungemia by use of the isolator system was compared with that of an agitated ... | 1991 | 1993772 |
| skin sensitivity to capsulatum and duboisii histoplasmins in nigeria. | a total of 1313 persons comprising 1087 healthy subjects and 226 hospital patients with bronchopulmonary disorders were tested for reactivity to histoplasmins prepared from histoplasma capsulatum and h. capsulatum var. duboisii. the overall sensitivity rates to the two antigens were 3.5 and 3.0% respectively. the incidence of sensitivity in the hospital patients was significantly higher (8.85% for 'capsulatum' antigen and 6.64% for 'duboisii' antigen) than that in different categories of the hea ... | 1991 | 1995931 |
| infection of p388d1 macrophages and respiratory epithelial cells by histoplasma capsulatum: selection of avirulent variants and their potential role in persistent histoplasmosis. | we evaluated p388d1 macrophagelike cells as model host cells for studying the intracellular survival and strain-specific virulence of histoplasma capsulatum. previously characterized strains which were virulent for mice destroyed monolayers of these cells within a few days. in contrast, related avirulent "smooth" variants failed to do so even after 20 days, although they persisted within p388d1 cells for at least 7 days. on the basis of this observation, we developed a quantitative radiolabel as ... | 1991 | 2019435 |
| mediastinal granuloma secondary to histoplasmosis. | mediastinal granuloma is one of the many potential clinical manifestations of infection with histoplasma capsulatum. plain radiographs, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging can help identify intrathoracic adenopathy, calcification, and compression or invasion of vital structures. | 1991 | 2021101 |
| correlation of histoplasma capsulatum polysaccharide antigen with the severity of infection in murine histoplasmosis. | we sought to determine if histoplasma capsulatum polysaccharide antigen (hpa) levels correlate with the extent of infection in murine of histoplasmosis. separate groups of mice were inoculated intratracheally with varying numbers of h. capsulatum yeast cells. after 1 week, hpa levels and fungal burden (quantitative culture of lung and spleen and histopathologic stain of lung) were determined in lung and spleen, and hpa levels in serum. hpa levels, cultures and histopathological stain results of ... | 1991 | 2023057 |
| histoplasma capsulatum infection associated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. | fungal infection has become increasingly more important in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. we report here a case of histoplasma capsulatum infection in such a hong kong chinese patient who presented with fever and peritonitis. histoplasma capsulatum was isolated from the dialysis fluid and histoplasma antibody was detected in the serum. the patient responded to the combined treatment of fluconazole, 5-flurocytosine and amphotericin b. this is the first reported cas ... | 1991 | 2026893 |
| prostatic abscess due to histoplasma capsulatum in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | we report a case of prostate abscess due to histoplasma capsulatum in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. the diagnosis and management are discussed, and the literature is reviewed. | 1991 | 2033711 |
| disseminated histoplasmosis with bilateral adrenal enlargement: diagnosis by computed tomography-directed needle biopsy. | disseminated histoplasmosis is a rare and potentially fatal disease caused by the dimorphic soil fungus histoplasma capsulatum. we describe a 67-year-old man with diabetes who presented with a 6-month history of fever, weight loss, and mental deterioration; using computed tomography (ct), we found hepatosplenomegaly and bilateral adrenal masses. ct-directed adrenal biopsy showed yeast forms consistent with h capsulatum. therapy with ketoconazole was accompanied by adrenal insufficiency (treated ... | 1991 | 2035163 |
| fungistatic activity of human neutrophils against histoplasma capsulatum: correlation with phagocytosis. | the interaction of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmnl) and histoplasma capsulatum was studied. in limiting dilution assays and in a 2-h coculture system, pmnl were ineffective in killing h. capsulatum whereas candida albicans was readily killed. although pmnl could not reduce inoculum colony-forming units of h. capsulatum in short-term assays, they were highly fungistatic in 24- (47%-55%) and 72-h (65%-75%) cocultures. phagocytosis of yeast cells by pmnl was 81.3% +/- 3.7%. fungistasis per ... | 1991 | 2056203 |
| colitis due to histoplasma capsulatum in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. | we present a case of colonic histoplasmosis in a young hiv antibody-positive homosexual male who presented with acute diarrhea. the diagnosis was made by flexible sigmoidoscopy with biopsy which revealed organisms morphologically consistent with histoplasma capsulatum, and was later confirmed by fungal culture of the biopsy specimens. at colonoscopy, skip areas with plaques, ulcers, and a pseudopolyp were observed. the colitis resolved endoscopically after a 6-wk course of intravenous amphoteric ... | 1991 | 2058639 |
| [a case of aids-associated histoplasmosis in germany]. | in a thirty-year-old patient with aids the diagnosis of disseminated histoplasmosis was established via biopsy and culture. the patient had grown up in argentina, where histoplasmosis is endemic. he had not been in an endemic region during the last two years anteceding the manifestation of systemic histoplasmosis. accordingly, in patients with a progressive immunodeficiency syndrome, reactivation of a former (possibly inapparent) infection with histoplasma capsulatum must be considered. therapy ... | 1991 | 2067319 |
| amphotericin b lipid complex therapy of experimental fungal infections in mice. | the amphotericin b lipid complex (ablc), which is composed of amphotericin b and the phospholipids dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine and dimyristoyl phosphatidylglycerol, was evaluated for its acute toxicity in mice and for its efficacy in mice infected with a variety of fungal pathogens. ablc was markedly less toxic to mice when it was administered intravenously; it had a 50% lethal dose of greater than 40 mg/kg compared with a 50% lethal dose of 3 mg/kg for fungizone, the desoxycholate form of a ... | 1991 | 2069367 |
| [the use of exoantigens for identifying histoplasma capsulatum]. | the exoantigen test has been successfully used in the last years for the immunological identification of pathogenic fungi. twenty seven straing presumptively identified as histoplasma capsulatum by morphologic methods, were studied by such test. the exoantigens obtained from each strain were studied by immunoprecipitation technique in front of histoplasmosis control sera experimentally obtained in rabbits. reference strains of histoplasma capsulatum. histoplasma duboisii and paracoccidioides bra ... | 1990 | 2089510 |
| the effect of temperature on the ultrastructure of histoplasma capsulatum during the mycelium-yeast transition. | the ultrastructural morphology of the early phases of mycelium-yeast transition in histoplasma capsulatum after a temperature shift from 25 degrees c to only 34 degrees c is described. under this condition of lower temperature oxidative phosphorylation is not completely uncoupled and maximum production of heat shock proteins (hsp) occurs. 24 h after temperature shift more than 90% of the cells still appear vital. alterations in the organization of the mitochondrial cristae are the only ultrastru ... | 1990 | 2090939 |
| evidence that the m antigen of histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum is a catalase which exhibits cross-reactivity with other dimorphic fungi. | a panel of monoclonal antibodies (mabs) was raised against histoplasmin, the antigen derived from the mycelial phase of histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum which contains the diagnostically useful h and m antigens. a number of mabs were obtained which recognized a 70-75 kd component of an antigenic preparation of h. capsulatum var. capsulatum by western blotting. when reacted with histoplasmin by western blotting the mabs recognized a similar 70-75 kd band, together with a series of higher mo ... | 1990 | 2093121 |
| [ultrastructural study of the yeast-mycelium transition in histoplasma capsulatum. ii. changes at 34 degrees c]. | the ultrastructural changes which occur during the mycelium to yeast transition in histoplasma capsulatum induced by a temperature shift from 25 degrees c to 34 degrees c are described and compared to those observed after a temperature shift from 25 degrees c to 37 degrees c. 24 hours after the temperature shift to 34 degrees c only 8% of the cells are lysed. however, many mitochondria have lost their characteristic elongated form and have become rounded. vesicular cristae which are no longer or ... | 1990 | 2100532 |
| [a brain abscess of mycotic origin due to histoplasma capsulatum]. | the case here presented is one of the histoplasmosis cases occurring sporadically in romania. it is the first case with cerebral site and with the aspect of an extensive intracranial process. the diagnosis was made by a careful microscopic examination of the intraoperative specimens. | 1990 | 2100865 |
| phagocytosis of histoplasma capsulatum yeasts and microconidia by human cultured macrophages and alveolar macrophages. cellular cytoskeleton requirement for attachment and ingestion. | phagocytosis of histoplasma capsulatum (hc) yeasts and microconidia by human macrophages (m phi) was quantified by a fluorescence quenching technique. phagocytosis of unopsonized hc yeasts by monocyte-derived m phi and human alveolar m phi (am) was rapid. after 60 min, 79% of cultured m phi and 59% of am had ingested an average of 9.8 and 11 yeasts/m phi, respectively. in contrast, only 26% of monocytes ingested 4.5 yeasts/cell after 60 min. phagocytosis of unopsonized microconidia by cultured m ... | 1990 | 2104879 |
| the intracellular fate of histoplasma capsulatum in human macrophages is unaffected by recombinant human interferon-gamma. | human alveolar, peritoneal, and cultured macrophages were exposed in vitro to human recombinant interferon-gamma (rhuifn-gamma) and were tested for their ability to inhibit intracellular replication of yeast-phase histoplasma capsulatum. exposure at various concentrations, and for different time periods, failed to activate the macrophages to inhibit multiplication of intracellular yeast. macrophages were, however, activated by rhuifn-gamma as shown by their ability to inhibit intracellular repli ... | 1990 | 2104917 |
| evaluation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay that uses ferrous metal beads for determination of antihistoplasmal immunoglobulins g and m. | a rapid enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of human class-specific antibodies to histoplasma capsulatum (histoplasmal immunoglobulin m [higm] and histoplasmal igg [higg]) was developed by using antigen adsorbed onto polycarbonate-coated ferrous beads. in the elisa method all the reagents used were commercially available. in 135 specimens from patients with confirmed histoplasmosis, sensitivities were 76% for complement fixation (cf), 53% for immunodiffusion (id), and 64% ... | 1990 | 2105336 |
| [obtention of histoplasma capsulatum exoantigens in neopeptone, glucose, thiamine and asparagine (ngta) media]. | the purpose of this work is obtaining exocellular antigens h and m from 4 h. capsulatum strains using ngta medium (neopeptone, glucose, thiamine and asparagine) for periods of 1, 2 and 3 months, at 36 degrees c and continuously shaken. the exocellular antigens were evaluated by double immunodiffusion test against h. capsulatum rabbit antiserum, 7 histoplasmosis sera, 4 paracoccidioidomycosis sera and a reference antigen and antibody furnished by c.d.c. (atlanta--usa). except for the exocellular ... | 1990 | 2135479 |
| overview of fungal infections in cancer patients. | because fungal infection is a significant factor that determines the morbidity and the mortality of many patients with cancer, it is essential to understand the various predisposing defects that lead to such infections. these defects may be categorized into two broad areas: immune defects and mechanical defects. among the immune defects and the fungal organisms that take advantage of them are: neutropenia, absolute neutrophil count less than 1,000/microl, (candida, aspergillus, mucor, rhizopus, ... | 1990 | 2141182 |
| in vivo activation of macrophage oxidative burst activity by cytokines and amphotericin b. | alterations in macrophage oxidative burst activity following in vivo administration of recombinant murine gamma interferon (ifn-gamma), recombinant murine tumor necrosis factor alpha, and the antifungal antibiotic amphotericin b were investigated. mice were given intraperitoneal injections of these agents alone and in combination, and the oxidative responses of their resident peritoneal macrophages to challenge with histoplasma capsulatum or zymosan particles were measured 1 to 5 days later. var ... | 1990 | 2157668 |
| [detection of amastigotes in cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis using the immunoperoxidase method, using polyclonal antibody: sensibility and specificity compared with conventional methods of diagnosis]. | the indirect immunoperoxidase method was evaluated in 265 biopsies with the purpose of increasing the sensitivity of the diagnostic histopathology of tegumentary lesions caused by subspecies of the leishmania braziliensis complex. a diagnosis of leishmaniasis was established by parasitological methods (181) or clinical criteria (12) in 193 patients (72.8%). in the latter group of confirmed cases standard histochemistry and immunoperoxidase were compared with direct examination of tissue scraping ... | 1989 | 2181244 |
| modifications of the immune response induced by histoplasma capsulatum products. | to understand the host-parasite relationship in histoplasmosis, mice were inoculated with histoplasmin (hp), the filtrate of aged cultures of histoplasma capsulatum, and the immune response of these mice towards sheep red blood cells (srbc) and to trinitrophenyl hapten was studied. the filtrate abrogated completely the primary antibody response to both antigens as measured by the number of spleen hemolytic plaque forming cells when hp was administered at doses greater than 200 micrograms two day ... | 1990 | 2183061 |
| cryptococcus neoformans, candida albicans, and other fungi bind specifically to the glycosphingolipid lactosylceramide (gal beta 1-4glc beta 1-1cer), a possible adhesion receptor for yeasts. | the role of glycosphingolipids as adhesion receptors for yeasts was examined. cryptococcus neoformans, candida albicans, and saccharomyces cerevisiae, as well as histoplasma capsulatum and sporotrichum schenckii (in their yeast phases), bound specifically to lactosylceramide (gal beta 1-4glc beta 1-1cer), as measured by overlaying glycosphingolipid chromatograms with 125i-labeled organisms. an unsubstituted galactosyl residue was required for binding, because the yeasts did not bind to glucosylc ... | 1990 | 2194958 |
| histoplasma capsulatum infections of the central nervous system. a clinical review. | central nervous system manifestations occur in 10 to 20% of patients with disseminated histoplasmosis. additionally, histoplasmosis may be the cause of cases of chronic meningitis in patients with no other evidence for dissemination. histoplasmosis may also cause cerebral or spinal cord mass lesions resembling neoplasms or abscesses, and encephalitis. diagnosis of chronic meningitis or mass lesions caused by h. capsulatum may be difficult and involves careful analysis of serologic tests for anti ... | 1990 | 2197524 |
| [disseminated histoplasmosis as the first manifestation of hiv infection]. | a 29-year-old man who had been abroad for several years (mainly mexico) fell ill with fever (up to 39.8 degrees c), night sweats, weight loss of 10 kg in 6 months (height 181 cm, weight 50.5 kg) and abdominal pain. computed tomography of the abdomen revealed many enlarged abdominal lymph nodes. serological tests were positive for hiv antibodies. fine-needle biopsy of one of the enlarged lymph nodes revealed numerous macrophages with round inclusions, typical for histoplasma capsulatum. dissemina ... | 1990 | 2204523 |
| [generalized histoplasmosis in 3 patients with an hiv infection]. | three patients with generalized histoplasmosis and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) are described. symptoms of generalized histoplasmosis in patients with aids are not specific and concomitant opportunistic infections frequently occur. two patients suffered from an infection by mycobacterium tuberculosis, one patient had pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, and one had cerebral toxoplasmosis. one patient had serological results positive for histoplasma capsulatum. two of the three patien ... | 1990 | 2215745 |
| [histoplasma capsulatum infection, a manifestation of aids unusual for the netherlands]. | the history of 29-year-old male from surinam with antibodies to hiv-1 and long-lasting fever, lymphadenopathy, pain in the right upper abdomen and a granulomatous hepatitis is described. the patient suffered from disseminated histoplasmosis, a fungal disease rare in the netherlands, which is the indicator disease for the diagnosis of aids (cdc-ivci). it is stressed that in seropositive patients coming from endemic areas, including surinam, the possibility of this disease should be considered. | 1990 | 2215772 |
| tumor necrosis factor-alpha plays a role in host defense against histoplasma capsulatum. | tumor necrosis factor-alpha was detected in supernatants collected from balb/c mouse peritoneal macrophages incubated continuously with histoplasma capsulatum. the levels of tnf alpha measured by actinomycin d bioassay peaked within hours after exposure and then greatly declined by 24 h. tnf alpha was also measured in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from balb/c mice challenged intranasally with h. capsulatum. lavage fluid tnf alpha levels exhibited the same pattern as the in vitro supernatants; the ... | 1990 | 2230264 |
| disseminated histoplasmosis with embolic endovascular complications: a case report. | a 57-year-old man had subacute embolic ischemia of his right foot and subsequent acute embolic ischemia of his left foot after angiography. thrombus removed at the time of the left femoral thromboembolectomy grew histoplasma capsulatum confirming the diagnosis of disseminated histoplasmosis. surgical revascularization of the right leg and parenteral amphotericin b was followed by chronic ketoconazole therapy for 16 months. the patient has remained asymptomatic at 30 months after operation. effec ... | 1990 | 2231970 |
| oral histoplasmosis as a presenting disease in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | a 43-year-old homosexual man visited his dentist with painful, nodular, ulcerated lesions on the soft palate, right buccal mucosa, and right posterior maxillary gingiva. serologic studies for exposure to human immunodeficiency virus, performed before biopsy, were positive. biopsy of the maxillary gingiva demonstrated sheets of histiocytes containing small intracellular yeasts, which on culture were identified as histoplasma capsulatum. bilateral leukoplakic lesions with some vertical furrowing i ... | 1990 | 2234884 |
| histoplasmosis duboisii (african histoplasmosis). an african case reported from chile with ultrastructural study. | a case of histoplasmosis duboisii in a 30 year-old engineer is presented. the diagnosis was made with the help of light microscopy, electron microscopy and cultures. although diagnosed in chile, the patient probably acquired the disease in the endemic african area, more precisely in the ivory coast. differential diagnosis between histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum and histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii is based primarily on the larger in-vivo yeast form size of the latter. electron microsc ... | 1990 | 2247379 |
| hypercalcemia and disseminated histoplasmosis in an owl monkey. | an adult male owl monkey (aotus nancymai) had hypercalcemia associated with a disseminated case of histoplasmosis (histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum). histopathologic examination of tissues at necropsy showed moderate to marked numbers of small granulomas involving multiple organs. the granulomas contained numerous round, basophilic, intracellular structures, 1-2 microns in diameter, that stained positive in periodic acid-schiff and gomori's methenamine silver tests. the hypercalcemia in th ... | 1990 | 2254918 |
| fluconazole: a new triazole antifungal agent. | fluconazole is a fluorine-substituted, bis-triazole antifungal agent. its mechanism of action, like that of other azoles, involves interruption of the conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol via binding to fungal cytochrome p-450 and subsequent disruption of fungal membranes. activity against aspergillus spp., blastomyces dermatitidis, candida spp., coccidioides immitis, cryptococcus neoformans, histoplasma capsulatum, and paracoccidioides brasiliensis has been demonstrated in several animal mode ... | 1990 | 2260347 |
| [ultrastructural study of the mycelium-yeast transition in histoplasma capsulatum. i. changes at 37 degrees c]. | ultrastructural changes observed during the first 24 hours of mycelium to yeast transition in the dimorphic fungus histoplasma capsulatum are reported. during this period the plasma membrane becomes undulated and the cell wall loses its characteristic fibrous outer layer. at 8 h the ordered lamellar structure of the mitochondria is no longer apparent. 24 h after the temperature shift 70% of the cells are lysed. the remaining cells contain many cytoplasmic membrane structures; mitochondria are ra ... | 1990 | 2291831 |
| isolation, purification, and radiolabeling of a novel 120-kd surface protein on blastomyces dermatitidis yeasts to detect antibody in infected patients. | no well-defined blastomyces-specific antigens are currently available. we used sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting to identify immunologically active molecules in the cell wall of b. dermatitidis. a major immunoreactive 120-kd protein (wi-1) was present in all five strains studied and comprised 5% of the protein in the cell wall extract obtained after freezing and thawing yeast cells. wi-1 was recognized by serum from all 10 patients with blastomycosis bu ... | 1990 | 2295693 |
| histoplasmosis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. hematologic and bone marrow manifestations. | in areas where histoplasma capsulatum infections are endemic in the united states, there is an increasing frequency of progressive disseminated histoplasmosis (pdh) as an opportunistic infection in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids). the bone marrow and peripheral blood (pb) specimens in 13 patients with aids and pdh were reviewed. anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia were found in 12, 10, and 7 patients, respectively. circulating organisms were detected in the blood sm ... | 1990 | 2309659 |
| abnormalities of leukocyte histograms resulting from microorganisms. | the authors report a series of 13 patients seen in their laboratory during october 1985 to august 1988 in which the presence of bacterial, fungal, or malarial parasites visible on peripheral smear was correlated with an abnormal leukocyte histogram. samples submitted for complete blood count and differential counts were analyzed with coulter s-plus vi (seven specimens) or s-plus stkr (six specimens) instrumentation. organisms visualized on the wright-stained peripheral smears included histoplasm ... | 1990 | 2321584 |