| new constitutively active phytochromes exhibit light-independent signaling activity. | plant phytochromes are photoreceptors that mediate a variety of photomorphogenic responses. there are two spectral photoisomers, the red light-absorbing pr and far-red light-absorbing pfr forms, and the photoreversible transformation between the two forms is important for the functioning of phytochromes. in this study, we isolated a tyr-268-to-val mutant of avena sativa phytochrome a (asyva) that displayed little photoconversion. interestingly, transgenic plants of asyva showed light-independent ... | 2016 | 27325667 |
| growth regulating properties of isoprene and isoprenoid-based essential oils. | essential oils have growth regulating properties comparable to the well-documented methyl jasmonate and may be involved in localized and/or airborne plant communication. aromatic plants employ large amounts of resources to produce essential oils. some essential oils are known to contain compounds with plant growth regulating activities. however, the potential capacity of essential oils as airborne molecules able to modulate plant growth/development has remained uninvestigated. here, we demonstra ... | 2016 | 26400684 |
| transcriptional transitions in nicotiana benthamiana leaves upon induction of oil synthesis by wrinkled1 homologs from diverse species and tissues. | carbon accumulation and remobilization are essential mechanisms in plants to ensure energy transfer between plant tissues with different functions or metabolic needs and to support new generations. knowledge about the regulation of carbon allocation into oil (triacylglycerol) in plant storage tissue can be of great economic and environmental importance for developing new high-yielding oil crops. here, the effect on global gene expression as well as on physiological changes in leaves transiently ... | 2015 | 26253704 |
| coiled-coil dimerization of the lov2 domain of the blue-light photoreceptor phototropin 1 from arabidopsis thaliana. | a key role in signal transduction and dimerization mediated by per-arnt-sim (pas) domains is played by α-helical linkers that flank the structurally similar α/β cores of these domains. however, crystal-packing forces and the different construct lengths and sequences of the pas domains influence the final length and orientation of the linkers relative to the core and create uncertainty in the exact mechanism of the linker function. thus, structural characterization and comparison of the linkers w ... | 2013 | 24316821 |
| senescence-promoting effect of arabidopside a. | arabidopside a isolated from arabidopsis thaliana is a rare oxylipin, containing 12-oxophytodienoic acid (opda) and dinor-oxophytodienoic acid (dn-opda) which are known as precursors of jasmonic acid (ja) and methyl jasmonate (meja). the senescence-promoting effect of arabidopside a was examined by an oat (avena sativa) leaf assay under dark or continuous light condition. arabidopside a promoted senescence of oat leaves, and the promoting activity was more effective than for ja and opda, and as ... | 2016 | 16869494 |
| phosphate-limited oat. the plasma membrane and the tonoplast as major targets for phospholipid-to-glycolipid replacement and stimulation of phospholipases in the plasma membrane. | we recently reported that cultivation of oat (avena sativa l.) without phosphate resulted in plasma membrane phosphoglycerolipids being replaced to a large extent by digalactosyldiacylglycerol (dgdg) (andersson, m. x., stridh, m. h., larsson, k. e., liljenberg, c., and sandelius, a. s. (2003) febs lett. 537, 128-132). we report here that dgdg is not the only non-phosphorous-containing lipid that replaces phospholipids but that also the content of glucosylceramides and sterolglycosides increased ... | 2005 | 15927962 |
| a microtechnique for the analysis of free and conjugated indole-3-acetic acid in milligram amounts of plant tissue using a benchtop gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer. | a microtechnique was developed for the quantification of indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) in plant samples of one milligram fresh weight or less. the method permitted quantification of both free and conjugated iaa using a benchtop gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer. new methods for sample purification with high recovery at microscale levels, together with simple changes that result in enhanced sensitivity of the instrumentation, allowed for a significant reduction in the amount of plant material requ ... | 1998 | 9443382 |
| blue light activates a specific protein kinase in higher plants. | blue light mediates the phosphorylation of a membrane protein in seedlings from several plant species. when crude microsomal membrane proteins from dark-grown pea (pisum sativum l.), sunflower (helianthus annuus l.), zucchini (cucurbita pepo l.), arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana l.), or tomato (lycopersicon esculentum l.) stem segments, or from maize (zea mays l.), barley (hordeum vulgare l.), oat (avena sativa l.), wheat (triticum aestivum l.), or sorghum (sorghum bicolor l.) coleoptiles are i ... | 1992 | 16653043 |
| patch clamping protoplasts from vascular plants : method for the quick isolation of protoplasts having a high success rate of gigaseal formation. | a method is described for the isolation of protoplasts (pisum sativum, phaseolus vulgaris, avena sativa, arabidopsis thaliana) in preparation for ion flux studies using patch clamp electrophysiology. protoplasts that have been exposed to hydrolytic, cell wall degrading, enzymes for as little as 5 minutes form gigaseals (seal resistance higher than 10 giga ohm) with the patch pipette with success rates greater than 40%. sealing of these protoplasts is fast, averaging less than 2 minutes. this met ... | 1991 | 16668586 |
| computer analysis of phytochrome sequences from five species: implications for the mechanism of action. | the amino acid sequences of phytochrome from avena sativa, oryza sativa, curcurbita pepo, pisum sativum and arabidopsis thaliana have been analyzed with a variety of computer programs, with a view to identifying areas of the protein which contribute to the properties of this photoreceptor. a region at the c-terminus has been shown to be amphiphilic, and by analogy with surface-seeking peptides, may be responsible for interaction of phytochrome with lipid bilayers. possible targeting sequences in ... | 2009 | 2291773 |
| evolutionary and tissue-specific control of expression of multiple acyl-carrier protein isoforms in plants and bacteria. | we have examined the occurrence of multiple acyl-carrier protein (acp), isoforms in evolutionarily diverse species of higher and lower plants. isoforms were resolved by native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page), and were detected by western blotting or fluorography of [(3)h]-palmitate-labelled acps. multiple isoforms of acp were found in leaf tissue of the monocotyledons avena sativa and hordeum vulgare and dicotyledons arabidopsis thaliana, cuphea wrightii, and brassica napus. lower vasc ... | 1990 | 24202013 |
| formation of n-acetylglutamate by extracts of higher plants. | the enzymic synthesis of n-acetylglutamate was studied in extracts of higher plant tissues, especially in sugar beet leaves (beta vulgaris l.). sugar beet leaves had an enzyme that transferred the acetyl group either from acetyl-coa or from n(2)-acetylornithine to glutamate. the enzyme was so unstable that special precautions were necessary for its detection and appreciable purification was impossible. the km values were 2.5 and 0.025 mm for acetyl-coa and n(2)-acetylornithine, respectively. the ... | 1977 | 16659918 |
| structural characterization of allomelanin from black oat. | the brown to black coloration found in plants is due to the melanins, which have been relatively poorly investigated among the plant pigments. the aim of this work was to study the dark pigment extracted from the black oat hull with respect to composition and structure. ultraviolet-visible (uv-vis) spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance (epr) spectroscopy, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) and fourier transform infrared (ft-ir) spe ... | 2016 | 27427433 |
| antigenic relationships between petunia peroxidase a and specific peroxidase isoenzymes in other solanaceae. | a highly specific rabbit antiserum raised against peroxidase (prxa) from petunia (petunia hybrida) was used to investigate the antigenic relatedness of peroxidases in the solanaceae. after sds-page of crude leaf extracts from a large number of species of this family, immunoblotting revealed that cross-reacting protein bands were present in all species tested. in order to determine whether these protein bands represent peroxidases, the peroxidase isoenzymes in thorn apple (datura stramonium l.), ... | 1990 | 24220819 |
| role of mycorrhizal infection in the growth and reproduction of wild vs. cultivated plants : i. wild vs. cultivated oats. | we tested the hypothesis that mycorrhizal infection benefits wild plants to a lesser extent than cultivated plants. this hypothesis stems from two observations: (1) mycorrhizal infection improves plant growth primarily by increasing nutrient uptake, and (2) wild plants often possess special adaptations to soil infertility which are less pronounced in modern cultivated plants. in the first experiment, wild (avena fatua l.) and cultivated (a. sativa l.) oats were grown hydroponically at four diffe ... | 1988 | 28311275 |
| possible role of volatile fatty acids and abscisic acid in the dormancy of oats. | species of avena differ markedly in their levels of pre- and post-harvest dormancy. these species offer the opportunity of determining if dormancy is related to the endogenous level of growth inhibitor. germinability in two species of differing levels of dormancy, common oat avena sativa l., and wild oat avena fatua l. was assessed as were the contents of abscisic acid and volatile fatty acids of chain length c(6)-c(10). in a. sativa which did not possess postharvest dormancy there was no correl ... | 1979 | 16660807 |
| studies on optically active pesticides, i synthesis and herbicidal activity of d(+) and 1(-) methyl-2-chloro-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-propionate. | d(+) and 1(-) methyl-2-chloro-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-propionate (common name chlorfenprop-methyl; trade mark bidisin) were prepared and their herbicidal activities studied on avena fatua l. and avena sativa l. ("flämingskrone"). the 1(-) enantiomer was found to be twice as active as the racemate; the d(+) form almost inactive. | 2016 | 134566 |
| extraction, chemical characterization and antioxidant activity of litchi chinensis sonn. and avena sativa l. seeds extracts obtained from pressurized n-butane. | the extraction of litchi (litchi chinensis sonn.) and oat (avena sativa l.) seeds were investigated using n-butane as pressurized solvent by evaluating the effect of pressure in the range of 7-100 bar and temperature from 25 to 70 °c on the extract yield and chemical composition together with the antioxidant activity of the extracts obtained. it was experimentally observed extraction yields for both seeds up to ~3.5 wt%, with a total phenolic content around 126.4 mg gae/100 g of extract, and an ... | 2017 | 28298700 |
| neighbour presence, not identity, influences root and shoot allocation in pea. | competition is a key feature that structures the composition of plant communities. a growing body of evidence is showing that the presence of neighbours, especially belowground neighbours, induces varied morphological responses in plants. however, in many species, it is not known whether neighbour identity also influences plant morphological responses such as biomass allocation patterns. to assess plant response to above- and belowground neighbour presence and identity, we conducted a greenhouse ... | 2017 | 28291827 |
| antiproliferative activity of vitexin-2-o-xyloside and avenanthramides on caco-2 and hepg2 cancer cells occurs through apoptosis induction and reduction of pro-survival mechanisms. | caco-2 colon cancer cells and hepg2 liver cancer cells represent two malignant cell lines, which show a high resistance to apoptosis induced by the conventional anticancer drugs. vitexin-2-o-xyloside (xvx) and avenanthramides (avns) are naturally occurring dietary agents from beta vulgaris var. cicla l. and avena sativa l., respectively. the aim of this work was to evaluate the antiproliferative effects and the reduction of the pro-survival mechanisms exerted by xvx and avns, used individually a ... | 2017 | 28283822 |
| investigations of human myosin vi targeting using optogenetically controlled cargo loading. | myosins play countless critical roles in the cell, each requiring it to be activated at a specific location and time. to control myosin vi with this specificity, we created an optogenetic tool for activating myosin vi by fusing the light-sensitive avena sativa phototropin1 lov2 domain to a peptide from dab2 (lovdab), a myosin vi cargo protein. our approach harnesses the native targeting and activation mechanism of myosin vi, allowing direct inferences on myosin vi function. lovdab robustly recru ... | 2017 | 28193860 |
| unraveling the evolutionary dynamics of ancient and recent polypoidization events in avena (poaceae). | understanding the diversification of polyploid crops in the circum-mediterranean region is a challenging issue in evolutionary biology. sequence data of three nuclear genes and three plastid dna fragments from 109 accessions of avena l. (poaceae) and the outgroups were used for maximum likelihood and bayesian analyses. the evolution of cultivated oat (avena sativa l.) and its close relatives was inferred to have involved ancient allotetraploidy and subsequent recent allohexaploidy events. the cr ... | 2017 | 28157193 |
| chromosomal distribution patterns of the (ac)10 microsatellite and other repetitive sequences, and their use in chromosome rearrangement analysis of species of the genus avena. | fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) was used to determine the physical location of the (ac)10 microsatellite in metaphase chromosomes of six diploid species (aa or cc genomes), two tetraploid species (aacc genome), and five cultivars of two hexaploid species (aaccdd genome) of the genus avena, a genus in which genomic relationships remain obscure. a preferential distribution of the (ac)10 microsatellite in the pericentromeric and interstitial regions was seen in both the a- and d-genome ch ... | 2017 | 28156137 |
| isolation of oat (avena sativa l.) total proteins and their prolamin fractions for 2d electrophoresis. | appropriate sample preparation is essential to obtaining good results of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-de). for various reasons (particularly phenolic compounds, proteolytic enzymes, and cell-wall mucilages) the extraction of proteins from plant material, among them oat proteins, is difficult. during isolation all soluble substances that may interfere with the analysis (especially isoelectric focusing) are removed, and proteins of interest are separated from the remains. however, the ap ... | 2017 | 28132154 |
| m13-tailed simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers in studies of genetic diversity and population structure of common oat germplasm. | simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers are one of the most frequently used molecular markers in studies of crop diversity and population structure. this is due to their uniform distribution in the genome, the high polymorphism, reproducibility, and codominant character. additional advantages are the possibility of automatic analysis and simple interpretation of the results. the m13 tagged pcr reaction significantly reduces the costs of analysis by the automatic genetic analyzers. here, we also dis ... | 2017 | 28132150 |
| oat anther culture and use of dh-lines for genetic mapping. | possibility to make doubled haploids (dhs) from varying crossing populations is a useful tool for enhancing cultivar breeding, and a source of valuable material for genetic research. oats is reported to be recalcitrant in anther culture with low response and genotype dependency. however, the best recoveries reported have reached up to 30 green regenerants per 100 isolated anthers, which clearly addresses the potential of this technique. in this chapter, one successful oat anther culture protocol ... | 2017 | 28132144 |
| protocol for producing synthetic polyploid oats. | a protocol to produce synthetic oats by introducing alien genetic variations into cultivated oats is proposed based on suitable genetic relationships between avena species. furthermore, artificial hybridization procedures between different ploidy species are explained. amphiploids can be produced by rescuing aborted embryos and treating the f1 hybrids with colchicine to overcome sterility between interspecific plants. furthermore, i present the cytological methods for observing somatic and meiot ... | 2017 | 28132142 |
| wide hybridization between oat and pearl millet. | wide hybridization is a one of the important techniques in plant breeding. oat (avena sativa l.) and pearl millet (pennisetum glaucum l.) belong to different subfamilies of poaceae. in generally, such distant relative species show uniparental chromosome elimination after successful fertilization. however, all seven pearl millet chromosomes are retained beside the genome of oat during embryogenesis. hybrid seedlings develop, but show necrosis after light irradiation. here, a detailed protocol for ... | 2017 | 28132141 |
| oat doubled haploids following maize pollination. | doubled haploids (dhs) are an important tool for the accelerated production of new crop varieties. in oat, dhs were first produced by pollinating oat florets with maize pollen. the resultant embryos spontaneously eliminate the maize chromosomes leaving a haploid complement of oat chromosomes. these embryos can be cultured in vitro using the "embryo rescue" technique to produce haploid plants whose chromosome number can be doubled with colchicine to produce homozygous dh oat plants. | 2017 | 28132140 |
| advances on the determination of thresholds of cu phytotoxicity in field-contaminated soils in central chile. | to better determine phytotoxicity thresholds for metals in the soil, studies should use actual field-contaminated soil samples rather than metal-spiked soil preparations. however, there are surprisingly few such data available for cu phytotoxicity in field-contaminated soils. moreover, these studies differ from each other with regards to soil characteristics and experimental setups. this study aimed at more accurately estimating cu phytotoxicity thresholds using field-collected agricultural soil ... | 2017 | 28131477 |
| femtosecond to millisecond dynamics of light induced allostery in the avena sativa lov domain. | the rational engineering of photosensor proteins underpins the field of optogenetics, in which light is used for spatiotemporal control of cell signaling. optogenetic elements function by converting electronic excitation of an embedded chromophore into structural changes on the microseconds to seconds time scale, which then modulate the activity of output domains responsible for biological signaling. using time-resolved vibrational spectroscopy coupled with isotope labeling, we have mapped the s ... | 2017 | 28068090 |
| conversion of oat (avena sativa l.) haploid embryos into plants in relation to embryo developmental stage and regeneration media. | obtaining oat dh lines is only effective via wide crossing with maize. seven hundred haploid embryos from 21 single f1 progeny obtained from wide crosses with maize were isolated, divided into four groups according to their size (<0.5 mm, 0.5-0.9 mm, 1.0-1.4 mm, and ≥1.5 mm), and transferred into 190-2 regeneration medium with different growth regulators: 0.5 mg l(-1) kinetin (kin) and 0.5 mg l(-1) 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (naa); 1 mg l(-1) zeatin (zea) and 0.5 mg l(-1) naa; or 1 mg l(-1) dicamb ... | 2016 | 28042230 |
| the impact of oat (avena sativa) consumption on biomarkers of renal function in patients with chronic kidney disease: a parallel randomized clinical trial. | animal studies report that oat (avena sativa l) intake has favorable effects on kidney function. however, the effects of oat consumption have not been assessed in humans. the aim of this study was to examine the impact of oat intake on biomarkers of renal function in patients with chronic kidney disease (ckd). | 2016 | 28003041 |
| photoadduct formation from the fmn singlet excited state in the lov2 domain of chlamydomonas reinhardtii phototropin. | the two light, oxygen, and voltage domains of phototropin are blue-light photoreceptor domains that control various functions in plants and green algae. the key step of the light-driven reaction is the formation of a photoadduct between its fmn chromophore and a conserved cysteine, where the canonical reaction proceeds through the fmn triplet state. here, complete photoreaction mapping of crlov2 from chlamydomonas reinhardtii phototropin and aslov2 from avena sativa phototropin-1 was realized by ... | 2016 | 27766868 |
| the starch-bound alpha-amylase/trypsin-inhibitors in avena. | oat kernels exhibit an extra-soft texture, a trait recently demonstrated to be largely modulated by starch-bound tryptophan-rich 2s proteins, the vromindolines. in this study, fractionation by two-dimensional electrophoresis of starch-bound proteins in 25 oat (avena sativa) cultivars and 11 diploid or tetraploid avena species revealed novel 2s proteins called avena α-amylase/trypsin-inhibitors (aati) because of their sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors. thirty-seven aati ... | 2016 | 27495179 |
| changes in the ecological properties of organic wastes during their biological treatment. | organic wastes, such as the organic fractions of municipal solid waste (ofmsw) or sewage sludge (ss), have become a serious environmental problem in russia as well as in other countries. the use of these wastes as soil amendments allows their negative impact on the environment to be minimized. however, before these wastes can be used, they need to be treated appropriately in order to decrease their level of hazard. in this study, composting of raw ss, ofmsw, a mixture of these two wastes (ofmsw+ ... | 2016 | 27692790 |
| engineering and application of lov2-based photoswitches. | cellular optogenetic switches, a novel class of biological tools, have improved our understanding of biological phenomena that were previously intractable. while the design and engineering of these proteins has historically varied, they are all based on borrowed elements from plant and bacterial photoreceptors. in general terms, each of the optogenetic switches designed to date exploits the endogenous light-induced change in photoreceptor conformation while repurposing its effect to target a dif ... | 2016 | 27586333 |
| degradation of oat mrnas during seed development. | the genes av1, av10, and z1 encode proteins that accumulate during oat seed development. in developing endosperm of avena sativa (cultivated oat), av1, av10 and z1 mrnas reach maximal levels midway through seed development but fall to very low levels in mature seeds. similarly, mrnas for these proteins peak during endosperm development of avena fatua (wild oat) and are later degraded. however, during late maturation of a. fatua seeds, populations of mrna fragments shorter than the intact transcr ... | 1999 | 10350095 |
| wheat cultivar-specific proteins in grain revealed by 2-de and their application to cultivar identification of flour. | wheat flour proteins were studied to identify the cultivar-specific proteins and use them to identify cultivars in flours. proteins extracted from flours of japanese wheat (cultivars hokushin, horoshirikomugi, kitanokaori and kachikei 33) and canadian wheat (canada western red spring wheat no. 1; 1cw) were analyzed by 2-de with ief gels over three ph ranges: ph 4-7, ph 5-8, and ph 6-11. this system enabled detection of more than 1600 protein spots. we recognized that among 50 protein spots showi ... | 2005 | 16152659 |
| molecular interactions of the phytotoxins destruxin b and sirodesmin pl with crucifers and cereals: metabolism and elicitation of plant defenses. | destruxin b and sirodesmin pl are phytotoxins produced by the phytopathogenic fungi alternaria brassicae (berk.) sacc. and leptosphaeria maculans (asexual stage phoma lingam), respectively. the molecular interaction of destruxin b and sirodesmin pl with cruciferous and cereal species was investigated using hplc-esi-ms(n). it was determined that crucifers transformed destruxin b to hydroxydestruxin b, but sirodesmin pl was not transformed. overall, the results suggest that the five cruciferous sp ... | 2012 | 22414311 |
| proteomic and physiological analysis of the response of oat (avena sativa) seeds to heat stress under different moisture conditions. | seeds lose their viability when they are exposed to high temperature and moisture content (mc) during storage. the expression and metabolism of proteins plays a critical role in seed resistance to heat stress. however, the proteome response to heat stress in oat (avena sativa) seeds during storage has not been revealed. to understand mechanisms of heat stress acclimation and tolerance in oat seeds, an integrated physiological and comparative proteomic analysis was performed on oat seeds with dif ... | 2016 | 27446126 |
| plant identity exerts stronger effect than fertilization on soil arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in a sown pasture. | arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi play key roles in plant nutrition and plant productivity. am fungal responses to either plant identity or fertilization have been investigated. however, the interactive effects of different plant species and fertilizer types on these symbiotic fungi remain poorly understood. we evaluated the effects of the factorial combinations of plant identity (grasses avena sativa and elymus nutans and legume vicia sativa) and fertilization (urea and sheep manure) on am fung ... | 2016 | 27423979 |
| chlorophyll fluorescence, photochemical reflective index and normalized difference vegetative index during plant senescence. | the relationship between the photochemical reflectance index (pri), normalized difference vegetation index (ndvi) and chlorophyll fluorescence along senescence was investigated in this work. reflectance and radiance measurements were performed at canopy level in grass species presenting different photosynthetic metabolism: avena sativa (c3) and setaria italica (c4), at different stages of the natural senescence process. sun induced-chlorophyll fluorescence at 760nm (sif760) and the apparent fluo ... | 2016 | 27302011 |
| colloidal oatmeal <em>(avena sativa)</em> improves skin barrier through multi-therapy activity. | oats (avena sativa) are a centuries-old topical treatment for a variety of skin barrier conditions, including dry skin, skin rashes, and eczema; however, few studies have investigated the actual mechanism of action for the skin barrier strengthening activity of colloidal oatmeal. four extracts of colloidal oatmeal were prepared with various solvents and tested in vitro for skin barrier related gene expression and activity. extracts of colloidal oatmeal were found to induce the expression of gene ... | 2016 | 27272074 |
| the effect of new thiophene-derived aminophosphonic derivatives on growth of terrestrial plants: a seedling emergence and growth test. | the aim of this work was to synthesize selected thiophene-derived aminophosphonic systems and evaluate the phytotoxicity of newly obtained products according to the oecd 208 guideline. seven new thiophene-derived n-substituted dimethyl aminomethylphosphonic acid esters 2a-h were synthesized by the addition of an appropriate phosphite to azomethine bond of starting schiff bases 1a-h, and nmr spectroscopic properties of aminophosphonates were investigated. these eight compounds were analyzed in re ... | 2016 | 27248990 |
| polymorphism analysis in advanced mutant population of oat (avena sativa l.) using issr markers. | present investigation was carried out to evaluate genetic diversity among 38 m6 population of oat cv. jo-1. to validate the observed morpho-physiological variations, these lines were analyzed with 21 issr primers. a total of 132 loci were amplified by these 21 issr markers and 116 loci were found to be polymorphic (87.87 %). the genetic similarity coefficient values among 39 oat genotypes based on issr analysis ranged from 0.305 to 0.957. the cluster analysis divided the oat genotypes into two g ... | 2016 | 27186025 |
| genome-wide association mapping of barley yellow dwarf virus tolerance in spring oat (avena sativa l.). | barley yellow dwarf viruses (bydvs) are responsible for the disease barley yellow dwarf (byd) and affect many cereals including oat (avena sativa l.). until recently, the molecular marker technology in oat has not allowed for many marker-trait association studies to determine the genetic mechanisms for tolerance. a genome-wide association study (gwas) was performed on 428 spring oat lines using a recently developed high-density oat single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) array as well as a snp-base ... | 2016 | 27175781 |
| evidence that phytochrome functions as a protein kinase in plant light signalling. | it has been suggested that plant phytochromes are autophosphorylating serine/threonine kinases. however, the biochemical properties and functional roles of putative phytochrome kinase activity in plant light signalling are largely unknown. here, we describe the biochemical and functional characterization of avena sativa phytochrome a (asphya) as a potential protein kinase. we provide evidence that phytochrome-interacting factors (pifs) are phosphorylated by phytochromes in vitro. domain mapping ... | 2016 | 27173885 |
| subgenome-specific assembly of vitamin e biosynthesis genes and expression patterns during seed development provide insight into the evolution of oat genome. | vitamin e is essential for humans and thus must be a component of a healthy diet. among the cereal grains, hexaploid oats (avena sativa l.) have high vitamin e content. to date, no gene sequences in the vitamin e biosynthesis pathway have been reported for oats. using deep sequencing and orthology-guided assembly, coding sequences of genes for each step in vitamin e synthesis in oats were reconstructed, including resolution of the sequences of homeologs. three homeologs, presumably representing ... | 2016 | 27135276 |
| effects of root applications of gibberellic acid on photosynthesis and growth in c3 and c 4 plants. | the effects of root applications of gibberellic acid (ga3) on growth and photosynthesis of 12 species of plants including c3 monocots (triticum aestivum l., wheat, hordeum vulgare l., barley and avena sativa l., oat), c3 dicots (vigna radiata l., mung bean, cucurbita moschata l., squash and capsicum annuum l., pepper), c4 monocots (zea mays l., corn, sorghum vulgare l., sorghum and panicum ramosum l., millet) and c4 dicots (amaranthus retroflexus l., pigweed, kochia scoparis l., kochia and gomph ... | 1985 | 24442874 |
| fusarium damage in cereal grains from western canada. 1. phylogenetic analysis of moniliformin-producing fusarium species and their natural occurrence in mycotoxin-contaminated wheat, oats, and rye. | harvest samples of common wheat (triticum aestivum), oats (avena sativa), and rye (secale cereale) from producers in western canada were analyzed for fungal infection by toxigenic fusarium species and contamination by trichothecenes and moniliformin (mon). fusarium graminearum and f. avenaceum were the two most frequently isolated species from samples of rye and wheat collected in 2010. f. poae and f. sporotrichioides were more commonly detected in randomly selected oat seeds. other toxigenic fu ... | 2013 | 23683177 |
| compromised photosynthetic electron flow and h2o2 generation correlate with genotype-specific stomatal dysfunctions during resistance against powdery mildew in oats. | stomatal dysfunction known as "locking" has been linked to the elicitation of a hypersensitive response (hr) following attack of fungal pathogens in cereals. we here assess how spatial and temporal patterns of different resistance mechanisms, such as hr and penetration resistance influence stomatal and photosynthetic parameters in oat (avena sativa) and the possible involvement of hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) in the dysfunctions observed. four oat cultivars with differential resistance responses (i. ... | 2016 | 27877184 |
| oats-from farm to fork. | oats have a long history of use as human food and animal feed. from its origins in the fertile crescent, the oat has adapted to a wide range of climatic conditions and geographic regions. its unique macro-, micro-, and phytonutrient composition, high nutritional value, and relatively low agricultural input requirements makes oats unique among cereal crops. the health benefits of the oats are becoming well established. while the connection between oat β-glucan fiber in reducing the risk of cardio ... | 2016 | 26944101 |
| effects of intercropping of oat (avena sativa l.) with white lupin (lupinus albus l.) on the mobility of target elements for phytoremediation and phytomining in soil solution. | this study aims to investigate how intercropping of oat (avena sativa l.) with white lupin (lupinus albus l.) affects the mobile fractions of trace metals (fe, mn, pb, cd, th, u, sc, la, nd, ge) in soil solution. oat and white lupin were cultivated in monocultures and mixed cultures with differing oat/white lupin ratios (11% and 33% lupin, respectively). temporal variation of soil solution chemistry was compared with the mobilization of elements in the rhizosphere of white lupin and concentratio ... | 2016 | 26940160 |
| post-translational control of protein function with light using a lov-intein fusion protein. | methods for the post-translational control of protein function with light hold much value as tools in cell biology. to this end, we report a fusion protein that consists of dnae split-inteins, flanking the light sensitive lov2 domain of avena sativa. the resulting chimera combines the activities of these two unrelated proteins to enable controlled formation of a functional protein via upregulation of intein splicing with blue light in bacterial and human cells. | 2016 | 26940144 |
| selection and regeneration of toxin-insensitive plants from tissue cultures of oats (avena sativa) susceptible to helminthosporium victoriae. | insensitivity to the pathotoxin victorin, which is produced by the fungus helminthosporium victoriae (meehan and murphy), was selected in tissue cultures of oat (avena sativa l.) lines heterozygous for the dominant sensitive allele vb. the vb allele imparts both susceptibility to h. victoriae and resistance to several races of oat crown rust (puccinia coronata var. 'avenae', fraser and e. led.). none of 84 homozygous vb vb oat calli survived when grown on victorin-containing medium. among 175 ca ... | 1985 | 24247332 |
| pathogen and host genotype differently affect pathogen fitness through their effects on different life-history stages. | adaptation of pathogens to their hosts depends critically on factors affecting pathogen reproductive rate. while pathogen reproduction is the end result of an intricate interaction between host and pathogen, the relative contributions of host and pathogen genotype to variation in pathogen life history within the host are not well understood. untangling these contributions allows us to identify traits with sufficient genetic variation for selection to act and to identify mechanisms of coevolution ... | 2012 | 22857005 |
| implication of zinc excess on soil health. | this study was undertaken to evaluate zinc's influence on the resistance of organotrophic bacteria, actinomyces, fungi, dehydrogenases, catalase and urease. the experiment was conducted in a greenhouse of the university of warmia and mazury (uwm) in olsztyn, poland. plastic pots were filled with 3 kg of sandy loam with phkcl - 7.0 each. the experimental variables were: zinc applied to soil at six doses: 100, 300, 600, 1,200, 2,400 and 4,800 mg of zn(2+) kg(-1) in the form of zncl2 (zinc chloride ... | 2016 | 26828860 |
| impact of organic nano-vesicles in soil: the case of sodium dodecyl sulphate/didodecyl dimethylammonium bromide. | aiming at contributing new insights into the effects of nanomaterials (nms) in the terrestrial ecosystem, this study evaluated the impacts of organic nano-vesicles of sodium dodecyl sulphate/didodecyl dimethylammonium bromide (sds/ddab) on the emergence and growth of plant seeds, and on the avoidance and reproduction of soil invertebrates. for this purpose several ecotoxicological assays were performed with different test species (terrestrial plants: zea mays, avena sativa, brassica oleracea and ... | 2016 | 26795542 |
| effect of fodder tree species with condensed tannin contents on in vitro methane production. | the objective was to evaluate the effect of fodder tree species (fts) with condensed tannin contents: cordia elaeagnoides, platymiscium lasiocarpum, vitex mollis, and haematoxylon brasiletto, on in vitro methane (ch4) production at 24 h post incubation. the analysis was performed using the in vitro gas production technique, with three levels of inclusion/species: 600, 800, and 1,000 mg and with 4 replicates/species/level of inclusion. the substrate was incubated at 39°c, and the gas and ch4 prod ... | 2016 | 26732330 |
| regulation of neural gene transcription by optogenetic inhibition of the re1-silencing transcription factor. | optogenetics provides new ways to activate gene transcription; however, no attempts have been made as yet to modulate mammalian transcription factors. we report the light-mediated regulation of the repressor element 1 (re1)-silencing transcription factor (rest), a master regulator of neural genes. to tune rest activity, we selected two protein domains that impair rest-dna binding or recruitment of the cofactor msin3a. computational modeling guided the fusion of the inhibitory domains to the ligh ... | 2016 | 26699507 |
| proteomic analysis of salt-responsive proteins in oat roots (avena sativa l.). | oat is considered as a moderately salt-tolerant crop that could be used to improve saline and alkaline soil. previous studies have focused on short-term salt stress exposure (0.5-48 h), while molecular mechanisms of salt tolerance in oat remain unclear. | 2016 | 26689600 |
| characterization of (glucurono)arabinoxylans from oats using enzymatic fingerprinting. | cell wall material from whole oat grains was sequentially extracted to study the structural characteristics of individual arabinoxylan (ax) populations. araf was singly substituted at both o-3 (mainly) and o-2 positions of xylp, and no disubstitution of xylp with araf residues was found in oat axs. both highly substituted and sparsely substituted segments were found in axs in ba(oh)2 extracts, whereas axs in 1 and 6 m naoh extracts were rarely branched and easily aggregated. both o-2-linked glca ... | 2015 | 26636262 |
| acute effects of a wild green-oat (avena sativa) extract on cognitive function in middle-aged adults: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, within-subjects trial. | a wild green-oats extract (neuravena(®)) containing a range of potentially bioactive components, including flavonoids and triterpene saponins, has previously been shown to enhance animal stress responses and memory, and improve cognitive performance in humans at a dose of 1600 mg. methods this double-blind, placebo-controlled, counterbalanced cross-over study assessed the effects of single doses of the green-oat extract (goe) across a broad range of cognitive domains in healthy adults aged 40-65 ... | 2017 | 26618715 |
| genome-wide association study for crown rust (puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae) and powdery mildew (blumeria graminis f. sp. avenae) resistance in an oat (avena sativa) collection of commercial varieties and landraces. | diseases caused by crown rust (puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae) and powdery mildew (blumeria graminis f. sp. avenae) are among the most important constraints for the oat crop. breeding for resistance is one of the most effective, economical, and environmentally friendly means to control these diseases. the purpose of this work was to identify elite alleles for rust and powdery mildew resistance in oat by association mapping to aid selection of resistant plants. to this aim, 177 oat accessions in ... | 2015 | 25798140 |
| population structure and genotype-phenotype associations in a collection of oat landraces and historic cultivars. | population structure and genetic architecture of phenotypic traits in oat (avena sativa l.) remain relatively under-researched compared to other small grain species. this study explores the historic context of current elite germplasm, including phenotypic and genetic characterization, with a particular focus on identifying under-utilized areas. a diverse panel of cultivated oat accessions was assembled from the usda national small grains collection to represent a gene pool relatively unaffected ... | 2016 | 27524988 |
| optical control of peroxisomal trafficking. | the blue-light-responsive lov2 domain of avena sativa phototropin1 (aslov2) has been used to regulate activity and binding of diverse protein targets with light. here, we used aslov2 to photocage a peroxisomal targeting sequence, allowing light regulation of peroxisomal protein import. we generated a protein tag, lov-pts1, that can be appended to proteins of interest to direct their import to the peroxisome with light. this method provides a means to inducibly trigger peroxisomal protein traffic ... | 2016 | 26513473 |
| in vitro inhibition of platelet aggregation by peptides derived from oat (avena sativa l.), highland barley (hordeum vulgare linn. var. nudum hook. f.), and buckwheat (fagopyrum esculentum moench) proteins. | bioactive compounds present in foods could have beneficial effects on human health. in this study, we report the capacity of peptides released from oat, highland barley, and buckwheat proteins after enzymatic digestion to inhibit platelet aggregation in vitro. all hydrolysates showed high antiplatelet activity, with ic50 values of 0.282mg/ml (oat flour gastrointestinal hydrolysate, 6h) to 2.496mg/ml (highland barley glutelin tryptic hydrolysate, 14h) in a dose-dependent manner. thirty-eight pept ... | 2016 | 26471595 |
| dipeptidyl peptidase iv inhibitory peptides derived from oat (avena sativa l.), buckwheat (fagopyrum esculentum), and highland barley (hordeum vulgare trifurcatum (l.) trofim) proteins. | peptides released from oat, buckwheat, and highland barley proteins were examined for their in vitro inhibitory effects on dipeptidyl peptidase iv (dpp4), an enzyme that deactivates incretin hormones involved in insulin secretion. all of the hydrolysates exhibited dpp4 inhibitory activities, with ic50 values ranging from 0.13 mg/ml (oat glutelin alcalase digestion) to 8.15 mg/ml (highland barley albumin tryptic digestion). the lowest ic50 values in gastrointestinal, alcalase, and tryptic digesti ... | 2015 | 26468909 |
| identification of a new oat β-amylase by functional proteomics. | oat (avena sativa l.) seed extracts exhibited a high degree of catalytic activity including amylase activities. proteins in the oat seed extracts were optimized for their amylolytic activities. oat extract with amylolytic activity was separated by sds-page and a major protein band with an apparent molecular mass of 53 kda was subjected to tryptic digestion. the generated amino acid sequences were analyzed by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (lc/esi/ms/ms) and database searches. the ... | 2016 | 26455400 |
| root isolations of metarhizium spp. from crops reflect diversity in the soil and indicate no plant specificity. | metarhizium spp. have recently been shown to be associated with the roots of different plants. here we evaluated which metarhizium species were associated with roots of oat (avena sativa), rye (secale cereale) and cabbage (brassica oleracea), common crop plants in denmark. thirty-six root samples from each of the three crops were collected within an area of approximately 3ha. the roots were rinsed with sterile water, homogenized and the homogenate plated onto selective media. a subset of 126 met ... | 2015 | 26407950 |
| subtle gardeners: inland predators enrich local topsoils and enhance plant growth. | inland vertebrate predators could enrich of nutrients the local top soils in the area surrounding their nests and dens by depositing faeces, urine, and prey remains and, thus, alter the dynamics of plant populations. surprisingly, and in contrast with convincing evidence from coastal habitats, whether and how this phenomenon occurs in inland habitats is largely uncertain even though these habitats represent a major fraction of the earth's surface. we investigated during two consecutive breeding ... | 2015 | 26383647 |
| an engineered split intein for photoactivated protein trans-splicing. | protein splicing is mediated by inteins that auto-catalytically join two separated protein fragments with a peptide bond. here we engineered a genetically encoded synthetic photoactivatable intein (named lovinc), by using the light-sensitive lov2 domain from avena sativa as a switch to modulate the splicing activity of the split dnae intein from nostoc punctiforme. periodic blue light illumination of lovinc induced protein splicing activity in mammalian cells. to demonstrate the broad applicabil ... | 2015 | 26317656 |
| oat (avena sativa l.): oil and nutriment compounds valorization for potential use in industrial applications. | oat is a promising plant for the future. it is edible and beneficial thanks to its nutritional, medicinal and pharmaceutical uses and, hence, recognized to be useful for a healthier world. the assessment of the vital functions of oat components is important for industries requiring correct health labelling, valid during the shelf life of any product. oil, enzymes and other biomolecules of nutraceutic or dietary usage from oats would be valorized for this purpose. although oats have a unique and ... | 2015 | 26250424 |
| control of protein activity and cell fate specification via light-mediated nuclear translocation. | light-activatable proteins allow precise spatial and temporal control of biological processes in living cells and animals. several approaches have been developed for controlling protein localization with light, including the conditional inhibition of a nuclear localization signal (nls) with the light oxygen voltage (aslov2) domain of phototropin 1 from avena sativa. in the dark, the switch adopts a closed conformation that sterically blocks the nls motif. upon activation with blue light the c-te ... | 2015 | 26083500 |
| oat (avena sativa) seed extract as an antifungal food preservative through the catalytic activity of a highly abundant class i chitinase. | extracts from different higher plants were screened for the ability to inhibit the growth of penicillium roqueforti, a major contaminating species in industrial food processing. oat (avena sativa) seed extracts exhibited a high degree of antifungal activity and could be used directly on rye bread to prevent the formation of p. roqueforti colonies. proteins in the oat seed extracts were fractionated by column chromatography and proteins in fractions containing antifungal activity were identified ... | 2010 | 19224400 |
| preferential recruitment of the maternal centromere-specific histone h3 (cenh3) in oat (avena sativa l.) × pearl millet (pennisetum glaucum l.) hybrid embryos. | chromosome elimination occurs frequently in interspecific hybrids between distantly related species in poaceae. however, chromosomes from both parents behave stably in a hybrid of female oat (avena sativa l.) pollinated by pearl millet (pennisetum glaucum l.). to analyze the chromosome behavior in this hybrid, we cloned the centromere-specific histone h3 (cenh3) genes of oat and pearl millet and produced a pearl millet-specific anti-cenh3 antibody. application of this antibody together with a gr ... | 2015 | 26134441 |
| mitochondrial structural and antioxidant system responses to aging in oat (avena sativa l.) seeds with different moisture contents. | we observed the relationship between lifespan and mitochondria, including antioxidant systems, ultrastructure, and the hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde contents in 4 h imbibed oat (avena sativa l.) seeds that were aged with different moisture contents (4%, 10% and 16%) for 0 (the control), 8, 16, 24, 32 and 40 d at 45 °c. the results showed that the decline in the oat seed vigor and in the integrity of the mitochondrial ultrastructure occurred during the aging process, and that these change ... | 2015 | 26079285 |
| cholesterol-lowering properties of oat β-glucan and the promotion of cardiovascular health: did health canada make the right call? | in 2010, health canada approved a heath claim acknowledging the link between increased oats (avena sativa)-soluble fibre consumption and a reduction in total serum cholesterol levels. the approval also recognized the relationship between decreased total blood cholesterol concentration and a reduced risk of coronary heart disease. the functional food ingredient believed to be responsible for the hypocholesterolemic property of oats is β-glucan, a highly viscous, soluble fibre composed of d-glucos ... | 2015 | 25933163 |
| plant architecture, plasticity, and adaptation strategies of two oat genotypes under different competition intensities. | the hypothesis that positive and negative interactions account for adaptive strategies was tested in a controlled study with two oat (avena sativa) genotypes: 'manotick' with erect leaves and 'oa1316-1' with prostrate leaves. an increasing competition pattern was designed by varying the number of seeds planted in each container and the space between containers, thus creating different planting density regimes (i.e. alternative and solid treatments). | 2016 | 25914023 |
| nitrogen uptake and nitrogen fertilizer recovery in old and modern wheat genotypes grown in the presence or absence of interspecific competition. | choosing genotypes with a high capacity for taking up nitrogen (n) from the soil and the ability to efficiently compete with weeds for this nutrient is essential to increasing the sustainability of cropping systems that are less dependent on auxiliary inputs. this research aimed to verify whether differences exist in n uptake and n fertilizer recovery capacity among wheat genotypes and, if so, whether these differences are related to a different competitive ability against weeds of wheat genotyp ... | 2015 | 25859252 |
| a review study on the effect of iranian herbal medicines on opioid withdrawal syndrome. | addiction is a chronic and recurring disease that recurrence phenomenon is the most important challenge in treatment of this disease. recent experiences have shown that synthetic drugs have undesirable side effects. recent studies on medicinal plants have shown that they might be effective in treatment of different stages of addiction with lower side effects and costs. the aim of this study was to review the effects of medicinal plants in the treatment of morphine addiction in experimental anima ... | 2015 | 25818661 |
| indigenous knowledge of folk medicines among tribal minorities in khyber pakhtunkhwa, northwestern pakistan. | mapping ethnomedicinal plants and associated indigenous knowledge of folk medicines can provide a comprehensive overview of individual herbs employed in health care. reliance on medicinal plants in remote parts of northern pakistan is high, especially among women, but no research has investigated specifically which plants are used. this study investigated indigenous knowledge of folk medicines among tribal minorities in selected sites in upper swat, buner and chitral districts in khyber pakhtunk ... | 2015 | 25792019 |
| physiological role of a multigrain diet in metabolic regulations of lipid and antioxidant profiles in hypercholesteremic rats: multigrain diet in hyperlipemia. | the objective of the present study was to investigate the lipid and the antioxidant regulatory potential of a multigrain diet in laboratory animals with reference to lipid profiles, tissue lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status. | 2014 | 25780697 |
| nutritional advantages of oats and opportunities for its processing as value added foods - a review. | oats (avena sativa l.) have received considerable attention for their high content of dietary fibres, phytochemicals and nutritional value. it is believed that consumption of oats possesses various health benefits such as hypocholesterolaemic and anticancerous properties. oats have also recently been considered suitable in the diet of celiac patients. owing to their high nutritional value, oat-based food products like breads, biscuits, cookies, probiotic drinks, breakfast cereals, flakes and inf ... | 2015 | 25694675 |
| suitability of small grains as hosts of meloidogyne species. | seven cultivars of wheat, five of oat, one of rye, and four of barley were tested as hosts for meloidogyne incognita, m. javanica, or m. arenaria under greenhouse conditions where soil temperature ranged from 21 to 34 c. reproduction rates of all nematode species were high on all cultivars, except m. javanica and m. arenaria on 'brooks' and 'florida 501' oat. meloidogyne incognita and m. javanica produced more eggs on roots of 'rutgers' tomato than on cultivars of wheat, oat, rye, or barley. | 1989 | 19287666 |
| reduction in phytic acid content and enhancement of antioxidant properties of nutricereals by processing for developing a fermented baby food. | cereal blends containing pearl millet (pennisetum glaucum), sorghum (sorghum bicolor) and oat (avena sativa) in different ratios were processed (roasted and germinated) and also used as unprocessed flours followed by fermentation with lactobacillus sp. (lactobacillus casei and lactobacillus plantarum). they were screened for total phenolic content (tpc), phytic acid content (pac) and free radical scavenging activity (frsa). a formulation with the highest tpc, frsa and the lowest pac was selected ... | 2015 | 26028703 |
| abscisic acid and ethylene increase in heterodera avenae-infected tolerant or intolerant oat cultivars. | the relationship between root stunting caused by the cereal cyst nematode and levels of two root growth inhibiting hormones, abscisic acid and ethylene, was investigated in aseptically cultured root segments and in intact roots of two oat cultivars differing in tolerance to the nematode. cultured root segments of oat cultivars new zealand cape (tolerant) and sual (intolerant) were inoculated with sterilized heterodera avenae second-stage juveniles. suppressed growth of root axes and emerged late ... | 1991 | 19283149 |
| interactions between heterodera avenae and pratylenchus neglectus on wheat. | in a long-term field experiment, differential population densities of heterodera avenae were produced by frequent cropping with resistant (cv. panema) or susceptible (cv. peniarth) oat. the two oat cultivars were equally good hosts of pratylenchus neglectus in a glass house experiment with field soil. on wheat crops grown after oats in field experiments, p. neglectus population densities in roots were higher in plots where h. avenae had been controlled than in plots with moderate infestations (4 ... | 1994 | 19279901 |
| environmental nutrient supply alters prevalence and weakens competitive interactions among coinfecting viruses. | the rates and ratios of environmental nutrient supplies can determine plant community composition. however, the effect of nutrient supplies on within-host microbial interactions is poorly understood. resource competition is a promising theory for understanding microbial interactions, because microparasites require nitrogen (n) and phosphorus (p) for synthesis of macromolecules such as nucleic acids and proteins. to better understand the effects of nutrient supplies to hosts on pathogen interacti ... | 2014 | 24975238 |
| a metabolomic study in oats (avena sativa) highlights a drought tolerance mechanism based upon salicylate signalling pathways and the modulation of carbon, antioxidant and photo-oxidative metabolism. | although a wealth of information is available on the induction of one or several drought-related responses in different species, little is known of how their timing, modulation and crucially integration influence drought tolerance. based upon metabolomic changes in oat (avena sativa l.), we have defined key processes involved in drought tolerance. during a time course of increasing water deficit, metabolites from leaf samples were profiled using direct infusion-electrospray mass spectroscopy (di ... | 2015 | 25533379 |
| exploring the origin of the d genome of oat by fluorescence in situ hybridization. | further understanding of the origin of cultivated oat would accelerate its genetic improvement. in particular, it would be useful to clarify which diploid progenitor contributed the d genome of this allohexaploid species. in this study, we demonstrate that the landmarks produced by fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) of species of avena using probes derived from avena sativa can be used to explore the origin of the d genome. selected sets of probes were hybridized in several sequential exp ... | 2014 | 25478818 |
| optimised amylases extraction from oat seeds and its impact on bread properties. | statistical approaches were employed for the optimisation of the extraction of amylolytic activity from oat (avena sativa) seeds. the application of the response surface methodology allows us to determine a set of optimal conditions (ratio seed weight/buffer volume 0.1, germination days 10 days, temperature 20 °c and ph 5.6). experiments carried out under these conditions led to amylase production yield of 91 u/g. its maximal activity was in the ph 5.6 and at 55 °c. study of the incorporation of ... | 2015 | 25453287 |
| uptake and distribution of stable strontium in 26 cultivars of three crop species: oats, wheat, and barley for their potential use in phytoremediation. | the main objective of this study was to investigate the accumulation and distribution of strontium (sr) in 26 cultivars of wheat (triticum aestivum l.), husk oat (avena sativa l) and naked oat (avena nuda), and barley (hordeum vulgare l.) for their potential use in phytoremediation.sr levels had no effect on the accumulation of shoot biomass at tillering or at maturity. mean shoot sr concentration of naked oat and barley at tillering was significantly (p<0.05) higher than that of wheat; neimengk ... | 2015 | 25397985 |
| optogenetics: optical control of a photoactivatable rac in living cells. | recent developments in optogenetics have extended optical control of signaling to intracellular proteins, including rac, a small g protein in the rho family. a blue light-sensing lov (light, oxygen, or voltage) domain derived from avena sativa (oat) phototropin was fused to the n-terminus of a constitutively active mutant of rac, via an α-helix (jα) that is conserved among plant phototropins. the fused lov domain occluded binding of downstream effectors to rac in the dark. exposure to blue light ... | 2015 | 25391805 |
| bacterially produced pt-gfp as ratiometric dual-excitation sensor for in planta mapping of leaf apoplastic ph in intact avena sativa and vicia faba. | ratiometric analysis with h(+)-sensitive fluorescent sensors is a suitable approach for monitoring apoplastic ph dynamics. for the acidic range, the acidotropic dual-excitation dye oregon green 488 is an excellent ph sensor. long lasting (hours) recordings of apoplastic ph in the near neutral range, however, are more problematic because suitable ph indicators that combine a good ph responsiveness at a near neutral ph with a high photostability are lacking. the fluorescent ph reporter protein fro ... | 2014 | 25313311 |
| evaluation of γ- aminobutyric acid, phytate and antioxidant activity of tempeh-like fermented oats (avena sativa l.) prepared with different filamentous fungi. | tempeh is a popular traditional fermented food in asia. many tempeh-like foods are made from cereal grains. however, the information of γ-aminobutyric acid (gaba) accumulation in those tempeh-like cereal grains during fermentation is lacking. meanwhile, little information is available on the anti-nutrient contents and antioxidant activity of tempeh-like fermented oats. the aim of the present work was to study the changes of gaba, phytate, natural antioxidants and antioxidant activity of tempeh-l ... | 2014 | 25328194 |
| unfolding of the c-terminal jα helix in the lov2 photoreceptor domain observed by time-resolved vibrational spectroscopy. | light-triggered reactions of biological photoreceptors have gained immense attention for their role as molecular switches in their native organisms and for optogenetic application. the light, oxygen, and voltage 2 (lov2) sensing domain of plant phototropin binds a c-terminal jα helix that is docked on a β-sheet and unfolds upon light absorption by the flavin mononucleotide (fmn) chromophore. in this work, the signal transduction pathway of lov2 from avena sativa was investigated using time-resol ... | 2016 | 27537211 |
| rhizosphere organic anions play a minor role in improving crop species' ability to take up residual phosphorus (p) in agricultural soils low in p availability. | many arable lands have accumulated large reserves of residual phosphorus (p) and a relatively large proportion of soil p is less available for uptake by plants. root released organic anions are widely documented as a key physiological strategy to enhance p availability, while limited information has been generated on the contribution of rhizosphere organic anions to p utilization by crops grown in agricultural soils that are low in available p and high in extractable ca, al, and fe. we studied t ... | 2016 | 27872635 |
| preferred carbon precursors for lipid labelling in the heterotrophic endosperm of developing oat (avena sativa l.) grains. | oat (avena sativa l.) is unusual among the cereal grains in storing high amounts of oil in the endosperm; up to 90% of total grain oil. by using oat as a model species for oil metabolism in the cereal endosperm, we can learn how to develop strategies to redirect carbon from starch to achieve high-oil yielding cereal crops. carbon precursors for lipid synthesis were compared in two genetically close oat cultivars with different endosperm oil content (about 6% and 10% of grain dw, medium-oil; mo, ... | 2014 | 25221923 |