| hydroxylation at carbon-2 of ent-16-oxo-17-norkauran-19-oic acid by fusarium proliferatum. | a new product of biotransformation of ent-16-oxo-17-norkauran-19-oic acid (1) by fusarium proliferatum was isolated and identified as a 2beta-hydroxy derivative (2). the structure of 2 was elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data interpretation and single-crystal x-ray diffraction analysis. the allelopathic activity of compound 2 was evaluated on the growth of radicals and shoots of lactuca sativa (lettuce). this is the first time that fungal hydroxylation at position c-2 has been reported ... | 2010 | 20617817 |
| phytotoxic activities of mediterranean essential oils. | twelve essential oils from mediterranean aromatic plants were tested for their phytotoxic activity, at different doses, against the germination and the initial radicle growth of seeds of raphanus sativus, lactuca sativa and lepidium sativum. the essential oils were obtained from hyssopus officinalis, lavandula angustifolia, majorana hortensis, melissa officinalis, ocimum basilicum, origanum vulgare, salvia officinalis and thymus vulgaris (lamiaceae), verbena officinalis (verbenaceae), pimpinella ... | 2010 | 20657443 |
| flow cytometric assessment of cd genotoxicity in three plants with different metal accumulation and detoxification capacities. | cadmium (cd) is a widespread environmental contaminant, strongly mutagenic and known to cause dna damage in plants. in this work, flow cytometry (fcm) was applied to determine if in vivo exposure to cd would induce genotoxic effects at the genome level. the hyper-accumulator thlaspi caerulescens (j. & c. presl), the related non-accumulator thlaspi arvense l. and the accumulator crop species lactuca sativa l. were germinated in distilled water and grown in modified hoagland's medium with increasi ... | 2010 | 20663557 |
| molecular analysis of a homogentisate phytyltransferase gene from lactuca sativa l. | tocochromanols, usually known as vitamin e, play a crucial role in human and animal nutrition. the enzyme homogentisate phytyltransferase (hpt) performs the first committed step of the vitamin e biosynthetic pathway. the full-length cdna encoding hpt was isolated from lactuca sativa l. by rapid amplification of cdna ends (race). the cdna, designated as lshpt, was 1,670 bp long containing an open reading frame (orf) of 1,185 bp which encoded a protein of 395 amino acids. sequence analysis indicat ... | 2010 | 20872075 |
| herbicidal activity of volatiles from coriander, winter savory, cotton lavender, and thyme isolated by hydrodistillation and supercritical fluid extraction. | the volatiles from coriandrum sativum l., satureja montana l., santolina chamaecyparissus l., and thymus vulgaris l. were isolated by hydrodistillation (essential oil) and supercritical fluid extraction (volatile oil). their effect on seed germination and root and shoot growth of the surviving seedlings of four crops ( zea mays l., triticum durum l., pisum sativum l., and lactuca sativa l.) and two weeds ( portulaca oleracea l. and vicia sativa l.) was investigated and compared with those of two ... | 2010 | 20886818 |
| perchlorate, nitrate, and iodine uptake and distribution in lettuce ( lactuca sativa l.) and potential impact on background levels in humans. | much focus has been placed on the impact of exposure to perchlorate (clo(4)(-)) from drinking water. recently, it has become more apparent that a significant percentage of the total clo(4)(-) exposure may be due to ingestion of food. most studies have only evaluated the uptake and distribution of clo(4)(-) by plants without considering the potential for uptake of iodine (i) by the plant and the subsequent impacts on clo(4)(-) uptake and distribution on human health. the objectives of this resear ... | 2010 | 21047133 |
| expression of a cholera toxin b subunit-neutralizing epitope of the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus fusion gene in transgenic lettuce (lactuca sativa l.). | transgenic plants have been used as a safe and economic expression system for the production of edible vaccines. a synthetic cholera toxin b subunit gene (ctb) was fused with a synthetic neutralizing epitope gene of the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (sctb-scoe), and the sctb-scoe fusion gene was introduced into a plant expression vector under the control of the ubiquitin promoter. this plant expression vector was transformed into lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) using the agrobacterium-mediated tra ... | 2010 | 21153716 |
| ecotoxicological characterization of tannery wastewater in dhaka, bangladesh. | tanning industries are one of the main economic activities in bangladesh. it has been well documented that wastewater discharged from tanneries without appropriate treatment results in detrimental effects on the ecosystem. no ecotoxicity evaluation of any aquatic environment in bangladesh has been conducted so far. in this study a battery of toxicity bioassays and chemical analysis were carried out from water samples obtained from three sampling points: upstream from discharging site on river bu ... | 2010 | 21186722 |
| control of the myiasis-producing fly, lucilia sericata, with egyptian essential oils. | myiasis caused by lucilia sericata (diptera: calliphoridae) is widely distributed throughout the world and affects both humans and animals. in addition, l. sericata larvae and adults may play a role in spreading causal agents of mycobacterial infections. therefore, it is important to establish new and safe alternative methods of controlling this blowfly. | 2011 | 21244384 |
| residues of bioenergy production chains as soil amendments: immediate and temporal phytotoxicity. | the current shift towards bioenergy production increases streams of bioenergy rest-products (rps), which are likely to end-up as soil amendments. however, their impact on soil remains unclear. in this study we evaluated crop phytotoxicity of 15 rps from common bioenergy chains (biogas, biodiesel, bioethanol and pyrolysis). the rps were mixed into a sandy soil and the seedling root and shoot elongation of lettuce (lactuca sativa l.), radish (raphanus sativus l.), and wheat (triticum aestivum l.) ... | 2010 | 21256672 |
| internalization of murine norovirus 1 by lactuca sativa during irrigation. | romaine lettuce (lactuca sativa) was grown hydroponically or in soil and challenged with murine norovirus 1 (mnv) under two conditions: one mimicking a severe one-time contamination event and another mimicking a lower level of contamination occurring over time. in each condition, lettuce was challenged with mnv delivered at the roots. in the first case, contamination occurred on day one with 5 × 10(8) reverse transcriptase quantitative pcr (rt-qpcr) u/ml mnv in nutrient buffer, and irrigation wa ... | 2011 | 21296944 |
| evidence for high degrees of specialisation, evolutionary diversity, and morphological distinctiveness in the genus bremia. | bremia lactucae is one of the most important pathogens in lettuce production. recent molecular studies revealed considerable genetic variation in this species complex. however, only few accessions from the same host have been examined for most species and no study investigating the morphological distinctiveness of phylogenetic lineages of bremia has so far been reported. thus it is believed that morphological species delimitation in bremia is not feasible. in the present study, multiple accessio ... | 2010 | 21315308 |
| isolation of salmonella spp. from lettuce and evaluation of its susceptibility to novel bacteriocins of bacillus thuringiensis and antibiotics. | in this study, 13% of fresh lettuce (lactuca sativa) samples collected from markets and supermarkets in two cities of mexico were contaminated with salmonella spp. from those samples, amplicons of ~300 base pairs (bp) were amplified, corresponding to the expected size of the invasion (inva) and internal transcribed spacer regions of the 16s and 23s rrna genes of salmonella spp. additionally, salmonella strains were isolated and harbored plasmids ranging from ~9 to 16 kbp. from these strains, 91% ... | 2011 | 21333148 |
| biomedicine in the environment: cyclotides constitute potent natural toxins in plants and soil bacteria. | bioactive compounds produced by plants are easily transferred to soil and water and may cause adverse ecosystem effects. cyclotides are gene-encoded, circular, cystine-rich mini-proteins produced in violaceae and rubiaceae in high amounts. based on their biological activity and stability, cyclotides have promising pharmaceutical and agricultural applications. we report the toxicity of the cyclotides: kalata b1, kalata b2, and cycloviolacin o2 extracted from plants to green algae (pseudokirchneri ... | 2011 | 21337607 |
| expression of dengue-3 premembrane and envelope polyprotein in lettuce chloroplasts. | dengue is an acute febrile viral disease with >100 million infections occurring each year and more than half of the world population is at risk. global resurgence of dengue in many urban centers of the tropics is a major concern. therefore, development of a successful vaccine is urgently needed that is economical and provide long-lasting protection from dengue virus infections. in this manuscript, we report expression of dengue-3 serotype polyprotein (prm/e) consisting of part of capsid, complet ... | 2011 | 21431782 |
| occurrence and diversity of free-living protozoa on butterhead lettuce. | the occurrence and diversity of free-living protozoa (flp) on butterhead lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) was investigated using four different sampling techniques (washing, swabbing, homogenization, and excising). flp were recovered from all leaf samples (n=64), and cultures were flp-positive after 1week. identification of flp was performed by light microscopy and sequencing of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge)-separated 18s rrna gene fragments. bodo saltans, spumella (-like) spp. and c ... | 2011 | 21513995 |
| increased exposure to uv-b radiation during early development leads to enhanced photoprotection and improved long-term performance in lactuca sativa. | plant responses to uv radiation are numerous and often viewed as a negative influence on plant growth. here we demonstrate that early exposure to uv leads to increased photosynthetic productivity and increased final yield in a field-grown lettuce crop, and that additionally, exposure to uv also confers photoprotective benefits to plants grown under controlled conditions. such outcomes represent possible exploitable benefits of managed uv radiation exposure in modern crop production. | 2011 | 21535014 |
| the inheritance of resistance to verticillium wilt caused by race 1 isolates of verticillium dahliae in the lettuce cultivar la brillante. | verticillium wilt of lettuce caused by verticillium dahliae can cause severe economic damage to lettuce producers. complete resistance to race 1 isolates is available in lactuca sativa cultivar (cv.) la brillante and understanding the genetic basis of this resistance will aid development of new resistant cultivars. f(1) and f(2) families from crosses between la brillante and three iceberg cultivars as well as a recombinant inbred line population derived from l. sativa cv. salinas 88 × la brillan ... | 2011 | 21567237 |
| a comparative analysis of the lactuca and helianthus (asteraceae) plastid genomes: identification of divergent regions and categorization of shared repeats. | we have sequenced two complete chloroplast genomes in the asteraceae, helianthus annuus (sunflower), and lactuca sativa (lettuce), which belong to the distantly related subfamilies, asteroideae and cichorioideae, respectively. the helianthus chloroplast genome is 151 104 bp and the lactuca genome is 152 772 bp long, which is within the usual size range for chloroplast genomes in flowering plants. when compared to tobacco, both genomes have two inversions: a large 22.8-kb inversion and a smaller ... | 2007 | 21636403 |
| physico-chemical and toxicological assessment of liquid wastes from olive processing-related industries. | background: in the last few years, agricultural uses of waste waters from olive processing-related industries have been gaining interest mainly with a view to composting or bio-fertilizers. the present work examines physico-chemical, toxicological and geno-toxicological properties of three liquid wastes, namely olive mill wastewater (omww), olive wet husk and olive brine. the effect of omww spreading on soil microbial activity and biomass was also evaluated. results: data from artemia salina and ... | 2011 | 21796638 |
| genotoxicity evaluation of effluents from textile industries of the region fez-boulmane, morocco: a case study. | in order to investigate the biological hazard of effluents from textile industries of fez-boulmane region in morocco, mutagenicity and phytotoxicity tests were performed on different biological systems. moreover, the efficiency of a sequencing batch reactor (sbr) system, working by activated sludge on a laboratory scale, was estimated by comparing the ecotoxicity results observed before and after wastewater treatment. evaluation of the genotoxic potential was investigated by means of classic mut ... | 2011 | 21840051 |
| selection of phytotoxin producing rhizobacteria. | in order to select phytotoxin producing rhizobacteria to control weed plants, twenty five bacterial strains previously isolated from the rhizospheres of various plants were grown in a liquid medium and, after cell removal by centrifugation, the liquid phases were freeze-dried and the products were extracted with ethyl acetate/methanol. the extracts were concentrated to dryness under vacuum and dissolved in water and sucrose solution to be submitted to in vitro assays of lettuce (lactuca sativa l ... | 2011 | 21739082 |
| Characterization of a Loss-of-Function Mutant of Gibberellin Biosynthetic Gene LsGA3ox1 in Lettuce. | A previous study generated lettuce (Lactuca sativa) mutant lines tagged by retrotransposon Tnt1 from tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) and identified a homozygous mutant, Tnt6a, that exhibited severe dwarf phenotype. Here we show that Tnt1 is inserted into the intron of gibberellin biosynthetic gene LsGA3ox1 in Tnt6a mutants. Expression analysis suggests that LsGA3ox1 is nearly knocked out in the Tnt6a mutants. | 2011 | 22146725 |
| tipburn in salt-affected lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) plants results from local oxidative stress. | tipburn in lettuce is a physiological disorder expressed as a necrosis in the margins of young developing leaves and is commonly observed under saline conditions. tipburn is usually attributed to ca(2+) deficiencies, and there has very limited research on other mechanisms that may contribute to tipburn development. this work examines whether symptoms are mediated by increased reactive oxygen species (ros) production. two butter lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) varieties, sunstar (su) and pontina (po) ... | 2011 | 22137608 |
| ecological responses to uv radiation: interactions between the biological effects of uv on plants and on associated organisms. | solar ultraviolet (uv)-b radiation (280-315 nm) has a wide range of effects on terrestrial ecosystems, yet our understanding of how uv-b influences the complex interactions of plants with pest, pathogen and related microorganisms remains limited. here, we report the results of a series of experiments in lactuca sativa which aimed to characterize not only key plant responses to uv radiation in a field environment but also consequential effects for plant interactions with a sap-feeding insect, two ... | 2011 | 22150399 |
| New and revisited species in Aspergillus section Nigri. | Four new species, Aspergillus eucalypticola, A. neoniger, A. fijiensis and A. indologenus are described and illustrated. Aspergillus eucalypticola was isolated from Eucalyptus leaf from Australia, and is related to A. tubingensis and A. costaricaensis, but could clearly be distinguished from them based on either ß-tubulin or calmodulin sequence data. Aspergillus eucalypticola produced pyranonigrin A, funalenone, aurasperone B and other naphtho-?-pyrones. Aspergillus neoniger is also a biseriate ... | 2011 | 21892239 |
| dynamics of nonpersistent aphid-borne viruses in lettuce crops covered with uv-absorbing nets. | aphid-transmitted viruses frequently cause severe epidemics in lettuce grown under mediterranean climates. spatio-temporal dynamics of aphid-transmitted viruses and its vector were studied on lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) grown under tunnels covered by two types of nets: a commercial uv-absorbing net (bionet) and a standard net. a group of plants infected by cucumber mosaic virus (cmv, family bromoviridae, genus cucumovirus) and lettuce mosaic virus (lmv, family potyviridae, genus potyvirus) was t ... | 2011 | 22226944 |
| anxiolytic property of hydro-alcohol extract of lactuca sativa and its effect on behavioral activities of mice. | lactuca sativa, belonging to the asteraceae family, is a leafy vegetable known for its medicinal properties. this study aimed to understand the mechanism of lactuca sativa extract with respect to pharmacological action.we investigated the anxiolytic effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of leaves of lactuca sativa on mice. the behavioral tests performed on mice models to assess anti-anxiety properties were: open field test (oft), elevated plus maze test (epm), elevated t maze test, and marble buryi ... | 2012 | 23554792 |
| [antiviral activity of extracts of transgenic cichory and lettuce plants with the human interferon alpha-2b gene]. | biological activity of protein extracts from transgenic plants of chicory cichorium intybus l. and lettuce lactuca sativa l. with human interferon alpha2b gene was investigated against vesicular stomatitis virus. it was shown that the extracts from the hairy roots of chicory and lettuce transformed by a. rhizogenes possess the antiviral activity 1620...5400 iu/g weight, and the extracts from leaves of the plants transformed by a. tumefaciens--till 9375 iu/g weight. dependence of plant extract bi ... | 2012 | 23342646 |
| isolation, molecular properties and kinetic studies of a strict beta-fucosidase from lactuca sativa latex. its possible role in the cell-wall degradation of articulated laticifers. | a beta-fucosidase located in the latex serum of lactuca sativa has been isolated and purified to homogeneity. this enzyme greatly differs from the other fucosidases already known in that it is strictly specific for the fucosyl residue and for the anomeric beta carbon. it is the first time that such an enzyme is shown to exist. the enzyme is a monomer and its molecular mass is close to 37 kda. its sedimentation constant is equal to 2.8 s. it is very stable at ph 5.5 in citrate/phosphate buffer bu ... | 2012 | 3409886 |
| polycyclic aromatic compounds (pac) in leaf lettuce. | twenty-three samples of leaf lettuce (lactuca sativa var. crispa) cultivated in private gardens in southern finland were analyzed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pah) and derivatives. the total pah concentrations varied from 4.8 to 94 micrograms/kg fresh weight. nitro derivatives of pah were detected in only five samples. one lettuce sample was also analyzed for pah oxy-derivatives. 9h-fluoren-9-one (1.3 microgram/kg) and 6 h-benzo[cd]pyren-6-one (0.3 microgram/kg) were found. the profiles ... | 2013 | 3765856 |
| breaking of seed dormancy by catalase inhibition. | germination of some dormant seeds is promoted by solutions of thiourea, sodium nitrite, and hydroxylamine salts. the promotions are accompanied by irreversible inhibition of catalase (ec 1.11.1.6) in extracts from the seeds. the seeds are also promoted in germination by catechol and pyrogallol solutions. these effects are recorded for lettuce (lactuca sativa l. cv. grand rapids) and pigweed (amaranthus albus l.) seeds. the results indicae that metabolically derived hydrogen peroxide, spared from ... | 1977 | 235126 |
| colonization of lettuce rhizosphere and roots by tagged streptomyces. | beneficial microorganisms are increasingly used in agriculture, but their efficacy often fails due to limited knowledge of their interactions with plants and other microorganisms present in rhizosphere. we studied spatio-temporal colonization dynamics of lettuce roots and rhizosphere by genetically modified streptomyces spp. five streptomyces strains, strongly inhibiting in vitro the major soil-borne pathogen of horticultural crops, sclerotinia sclerotiorum, were transformed with pij8641 plasmid ... | 2015 | 25705206 |
| whole-transcriptome analysis of verocytotoxigenic escherichia coli o157:h7 (sakai) suggests plant-species-specific metabolic responses on exposure to spinach and lettuce extracts. | verocytotoxigenic escherichia coli (vtec) can contaminate crop plants, potentially using them as secondary hosts, which can lead to food-borne infection. currently, little is known about the influence of the specific plant species on the success of bacterial colonization. as such, we compared the ability of the vtec strain, e. coli o157:h7 'sakai,' to colonize the roots and leaves of four leafy vegetables: spinach (spinacia oleracea), lettuce (lactuca sativa), vining green pea (pisum sativum), a ... | 2016 | 27462311 |
| biosurfactant produced by salmonella enteritidis se86 can increase adherence and resistance to sanitizers on lettuce leaves (lactuca sativa l., cichoraceae). | salmonella enteritidis se86 is an important foodborne pathogen in southern brazil and it is able to produce a biosurfactant. however, the importance of this compound for the microorganism is still unknown. this study aimed to investigate the influence of the biosurfactant produced by s. enteritidis se86 on adherence to slices of lettuce leaves and on resistance to sanitizers. first, lettuce leaves were inoculated with s. enteritidis se86 in order to determine the amount of biosurfactant produced ... | 2016 | 26834727 |
| taking ecological function seriously: soil microbial communities can obviate allelopathic effects of released metabolites. | allelopathy (negative, plant-plant chemical interactions) has been largely studied as an autecological process, often assuming simplistic associations between pairs of isolated species. the growth inhibition of a species in filter paper bioassay enriched with a single chemical is commonly interpreted as evidence of an allelopathic interaction, but for some of these putative examples of allelopathy, the results have not been verifiable in more natural settings with plants growing in soil. | 2009 | 19277112 |
| identification and analyses of candidate genes for rpp4-mediated resistance to asian soybean rust in soybean. | asian soybean rust is a formidable threat to soybean (glycine max) production in many areas of the world, including the united states. only five sources of resistance have been identified (resistance to phakopsora pachyrhizi1 [rpp1], rpp2, rpp3, rpp4, and rpp5). rpp4 was previously identified in the resistant genotype pi459025b and mapped within 2 centimorgans of satt288 on soybean chromosome 18 (linkage group g). using simple sequence repeat markers, we developed a bacterial artificial chromoso ... | 2009 | 19251904 |
| escherichia coli o157:h7 induces stronger plant immunity than salmonella enterica typhimurium sl1344. | consumption of fresh produce contaminated with bacterial human pathogens has resulted in various, sometimes deadly, disease outbreaks. in this study, we assessed plant defense responses induced by the fully pathogenic bacteria escherichia coli o157:h7 and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium sl1344 in both arabidopsis thaliana and lettuce (lactuca sativa). unlike sl1344, o157:h7 induced strong plant immunity at both pre-invasion and post-invasion steps of infection. for instance, o157:h7 trig ... | 2013 | 23301812 |
| the impact of the pathogen rhizoctonia solani and its beneficial counterpart bacillus amyloliquefaciens on the indigenous lettuce microbiome. | lettuce belongs to the most commonly raw eaten food worldwide and its microbiome plays an important role for both human and plant health. yet, little is known about the impact of potentially occurring pathogens and beneficial inoculants of the indigenous microorganisms associated with lettuce. to address this question we studied the impact of the phytopathogenic fungus rhizoctonia solani and the biological control agent bacillus amyloliquefaciens fzb42 on the indigenous rhizosphere and phyllosph ... | 2014 | 24795707 |
| effects of p(sag12)-ipt gene expression on development and senescence in transgenic lettuce. | an ipt gene under control of the senescence-specific sag12 promoter from arabidopsis (p(sag12)-ipt) significantly delayed developmental and postharvest leaf senescence in mature heads of transgenic lettuce (lactuca sativa l. cv evola) homozygous for the transgene. apart from retardation of leaf senescence, mature, 60-d-old plants exhibited normal morphology with no significant differences in head diameter or fresh weight of leaves and roots. induction of senescence by nitrogen starvation rapidly ... | 2001 | 11598225 |
| overexpression of knat1 in lettuce shifts leaf determinate growth to a shoot-like indeterminate growth associated with an accumulation of isopentenyl-type cytokinins. | leaves are specialized organs characterized by defined developmental destiny and determinate growth. the overexpression of knotted1-like homeobox genes in different species has been shown to alter leaf shape and development, but a definite role for this class of genes remains to be established. transgenics that overexpress knotted1-like genes present some traits that are characteristic of altered cytokinin physiology. here we show that lettuce (lactuca sativa) leaves that overexpress knat1, an a ... | 2001 | 11500537 |
| arabidopsis r2r3-myb transcription factor atmyb60 functions as a transcriptional repressor of anthocyanin biosynthesis in lettuce (lactuca sativa). | the myb transcription factors play important roles in the regulation of many secondary metabolites at the transcriptional level. we evaluated the possible roles of the arabidopsis r2r3-myb transcription factors in flavonoid biosynthesis because they are induced by uv-b irradiation but their associated phenotypes are largely unexplored. we isolated their genes by race-pcr, and performed transgenic approach and metabolite analyses in lettuce (lactuca sativa). we found that one member of this prote ... | 2008 | 18317777 |
| plant growth-promoting bacterium acinetobacter calcoaceticus p23 increases the chlorophyll content of the monocot lemna minor (duckweed) and the dicot lactuca sativa (lettuce). | acinetobacter calcoaceticus p23 is a plant growth-promoting bacterium that was isolated from the surface of duckweed (lemna aoukikusa). the bacterium was observed to colonize on the plant surfaces and increase the chlorophyll content of not only the monocotyledon lemna minor but also the dicotyledon lactuca sativa in a hydroponic culture. this effect on the lactuca sativa was significant in nutrient-poor (×1/100 dilution of h2 medium) and not nutrient-rich (×1 or ×1/10 dilutions of h2 medium) co ... | 2014 | 24468072 |
| [features of lettuce transgenic plants with ifn-alpha2b gene regenerated after agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation]. | "hairy" roots of lettuce lactuca sativa and regenerated plants with interferon-alpha2b gene had been obtained via agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation. according to the results of pcr and rt-pcr analyses the studied plants had ifn-alpha2b gene. the regenerated plants differed from the plants of wild type by elongated internodes, early flower-bearing stem formation and purple coloration of leaves in artificial illumination conditions. | 2012 | 22856143 |
| transformation of lactuca sativa l. with rol c gene results in increased antioxidant potential and enhanced analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antidepressant activities in vivo. | lettuce is an important edible crop which possesses various medicinal properties. in this study lactuca sativa l. (cv grand rapids) was transformed by agrobacterium-mediated transformation with rol c gene. transgene integration and expression was confirmed through pcr and semiquantitative rt-pcr. the transformed extracts were evaluated for their in vitro antioxidant and in vivo analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antidepressant activities in rats. the transformed plants showed 53-98 % increase in t ... | 2016 | 28330287 |
| transient protein expression by agroinfiltration in lettuce. | current systems of recombinant protein production include bacterial, insect, and mammalian cell culture. however, these platforms are expensive to build and operate at commercial scales and/or have limited abilities to produce complex proteins. in recent years, plant-based expression systems have become top candidates for the production of recombinant proteins as they are highly scalable, robust, safe, and can produce complex proteins due to having a eukaryotic endomembrane system. newly develop ... | 2016 | 26614281 |
| transformation of lettuce (lactuca sativa) mediated by agrobacterium tumefaciens. | lactuca sativa can be routinely transformed using ti plasmids of agrobacterium tumefaciens containing a chimeric kanamycin resistance gene (nos.nptii.nos). critical experimental variables were plant genotype, bacterial concentration, presence of a nurse culture and timing of transfers between tissue culture media. transformation was confirmed by the ability to callus and root in the presence of kanamycin, nopaline production, and by hybridization in southern blots. transformation has been achiev ... | 1987 | 24248927 |
| ecotoxicity of raw and treated effluents generated by a veterinary pharmaceutical company: a comparison of the sensitivities of different standardized tests. | pharmaceutical effluents have recently been recognized as an important contamination source to aquatic environments and the toxicity related to the presence of antibiotics in effluents has attracted great attention. conventionally, these effluents have been treated using physico-chemical and aerobic biological processes, usually with low rates of pharmaceuticals removal. due to the complexity of effluents, it is impossible to determine all pharmaceuticals and their degradation products using ana ... | 2015 | 25682103 |
| parasitic contamination of fresh vegetables sold at central markets in khartoum state, sudan. | fresh vegetables are considered as vital nutrients of a healthy diet as they supply the body with essential supplements. the consumption of raw vegetables is the main way for transmission of intestinal parasitic organisms. this study was aimed at detecting the parasitic contamination in fresh vegetables sold in two central open-aired markets in khartoum state, sudan. | 2016 | 26968696 |
| potential allelopathic indole diketopiperazines produced by the plant endophytic aspergillus fumigatus using the one strain-many compounds method. | on the basis of the osmac (one strain-many compounds) strategy, 14 indole diketopiperazine (dkp) alkaloids, including spirotryprostatins (1-3), tryprostatins (4-6), and cyclotryprostatins (7-14), were isolated from the endophyte aspergillus fumigatus associated with melia azedarach l. their structures were identified by nuclear magnetic resonance and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry data. all the indole dkps were evaluated for plant growth regulation using the lettuce (lactuca sativa) s ... | 2013 | 24188331 |
| comparative study of toxicity of azo dye procion red mx-5b following biosorption and biodegradation treatments with the fungi aspergillus niger and aspergillus terreus. | azo dyes are an important class of environmental contaminants and are characterized by the presence of one or more azo bonds (-n=n-) in their molecular structure. effluents containing these compounds resist many types of treatments due to their molecular complexity. therefore, alternative treatments, such as biosorption and biodegradation, have been widely studied to solve the problems caused by these substances, such as their harmful effects on the environment and organisms. the aim of the pres ... | 2014 | 25048922 |
| production of an endoinulinase from aspergillus niger aumc 9375, by solid state fermentation of agricultural wastes, with purification and characterization of the free and immobilized enzyme. | two different substrates, sunflower (helianthus annuus l.) tubers and lettuce (lactuca sativa) roots, were tested. using a mixture of both wastes resulted in higher production of endoinulinase than either waste alone. also, ten fungal species grown on these substrates as inexpensive, carbon sources were screened for the best production of endoinulinase activities. of these, aspergillus niger aumc 9375 was the most productive, when grown on the mixture using a 6:1 w/w ratio of sun flower: lettuce ... | 2014 | 24810318 |
| chemical compositions, phytotoxicity, and biological activities of acorus calamus essential oils from nepal. | four essential oils from the leaf (p23) and rhizomes (p19, p22, p24) of acorus calamus l., collected from various parts of nepal, were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gc-ms. from a total of 61 peaks, 57 compounds were identified among the four essential oils accounting for 94.3%, 96.2%, 97.6%, and 94.1% of the oils, respectively. all of the essential oils were dominated by (z)-asarone (78.1%-86.9%). the essential oils also contained (e)-asarone (1.9%-9.9%) and small amounts of gamm ... | 2013 | 24079199 |
| bioactivities of volatile components from nepalese artemisia species. | the essential oils from the leaves of artemisia dubia, a. indica, and a. vulgaris growing wild in nepal were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gc-ms. the major components in a. dubia oil were chrysanthenone (29.0%), coumarin (18.3%), and camphor (16.4%). a. indica oil was dominated by ascaridole (15.4%), isoascaridole (9.9%), trans-p-mentha-2,8-dien-1-ol (9.7%), and trans-verbenol (8.4%). the essential oil of nepalese a. vulgaris was rich in alpha-thujone (30.5%), 1,8-cineole (12.4%) ... | 2012 | 23413575 |
| chemical compositions and biological activities of amomum subulatum essential oils from nepal. | the essential oils from the seed and rind of amomum subulatum roxb. (collected from nepal) were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gc-ms. a total of 87 components were identified among the two essential oils accounting for 99.1%, and 99.0% of the oils, respectively. the two essential oils were dominated by the monoterpenoids 1,8-cineole (60.8% and 39.0%), alpha-pinene (6.4% and 4.8%), beta-pinene (8.3% and 17.7%), and alpha-terpineol (9.8% and 12.3%). allelopathic testing of the seed ... | 2012 | 23074918 |
| transfer and expression of the rabbit defensin np-1 gene in lettuce (lactuca sativa). | lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) is an annual plant of the daisy family, asteraceae, with high food and medicinal value. however, the crop is susceptible to several viruses that are transmitted by aphids and is highly vulnerable to post-harvest diseases, as well as insect and mammal pests and fungal and bacterial diseases. here, the rabbit defensin gene np-1 was transferred into lettuce by agrobacterium-mediated transformation to obtain a broad-spectrum disease-resistant lettuce. transgenic lettuce p ... | 2017 | 28128415 |
| ecotoxicity of neutral red (dye) and its environmental applications. | neutral red (nr) is a synthetic phenazine with promising prospect in environmental biotechnology as an electron shuttle. recently, nr injections into coal seam associated groundwater in australia (final dissolved nr concentration: 8 µm ± 0.2) were shown to increase methanogenesis up to ten-fold. however, information about nr toxicity to ecological receptors is sorely lacking. the main aim of this study was to investigate the concentration dependent toxicity of nr in microorganisms and plants. ac ... | 2015 | 26247897 |
| chemical composition, antimicrobial, insecticidal, phytotoxic and antioxidant activities of mediterranean pinus brutia and pinus pinea resin essential oils. | essential oils of the resins of pinus brutia and pinus pinea were evaluated for their biological potential. essential oils were characterized using gc-ms and gc/fid. in vitro antimicrobial, phytotoxic, antioxidant, and insecticidal activities were carried out using the direct contact and the fumigant assays, respectively. the chemical profile of the essential oils of the resins of p. pinea and p. brutia included mainly α-pinene (21.39% and 25.40%), β-pinene (9.68% and 9.69%), and caryophyllene ( ... | 2014 | 25556061 |
| gibberellins producing bacillus methylotrophicus ke2 supports plant growth and enhances nutritional metabolites and food values of lettuce. | the nutritional quality of green leafy vegetables can be enhanced by application of plant beneficial micro-organisms. the present study was aimed to increase the food values of lettuce leaves by bacterial treatment. we isolated bacterial strain ke2 from kimchi food and identified as bacillus methylotrophicus by phylogenetic analysis. the beneficial effect of b. methylotrophicus ke2 on plants was confirmed by increasing the percentage of seed germination of lactuca sativa l., cucumis melo l., gly ... | 2016 | 27721133 |
| comparative transcriptome analysis of the biocontrol strain bacillus amyloliquefaciens fzb42 as response to biofilm formation analyzed by rna sequencing. | the strain bacillus amyloliquefaciens fzb42 is a plant growth promoting rhizobacterium (pgpr) and biocontrol agent known to keep infections of lettuce (lactuca sativa) by the phytopathogen rhizoctonia solani down. several mechanisms, including the production of secondary metabolites possessing antimicrobial properties and induction of the host plant's systemic resistance (isr), were proposed to explain the biocontrol effect of the strain. b. amyloliquefaciens fzb42 is able to form plaques (biofi ... | 2016 | 27312701 |
| effect of the strain bacillus amyloliquefaciens fzb42 on the microbial community in the rhizosphere of lettuce under field conditions analyzed by whole metagenome sequencing. | application of the plant associated bacterium bacillus amyloliquefaciens fzb42 on lettuce (lactuca sativa) confirmed its capability to promote plant growth and health by reducing disease severity (ds) caused by the phytopathogenic fungus rhizoctonia solani. therefore this strain is commercially applied as an eco-friendly plant protective agent. it is able to produce cyclic lipopeptides (clp) and polyketides featuring antifungal and antibacterial properties. production of these secondary metaboli ... | 2014 | 24904564 |
| evaluation of lettuce germplasm resistance to gray mold disease for organic cultivations. | this study was conducted to evaluate the resistance of 212 accessions of lettuce germplasm to gray mold disease caused by botrytis cinerea. the lettuce germplasm were composed of five species: lactuca sativa (193 accessions), l. sativa var. longifolia (2 accessions), l. sativa var. crispa (2 accessions), l. saligna (2 accessions), and l. serriola (1 accession); majority of these originated from korea, netherlands, usa, russia, and bulgaria. after 35 days of spray inoculation with conidial suspen ... | 2014 | 25288990 |
| phytotoxic activity and metabolism of botrytis cinerea and structure-activity relationships of isocaryolane derivatives. | research has been conducted on the biotransformation of (8s,9r)-isocaryolan-9-ol (4a) and (1s,2s,5r,8s)-8-methylene-1,4,4-trimethyltricyclo[6.2.1.0(2,5)]undecan-12-ol (5a) by the fungal phytopathogen botrytis cinerea. the biotransformation of compound 4a yielded compounds 6-9, while the biotransformation of compound 5a yielded compounds 10-13. the activity of compounds 4a and 5a against b. cinerea has been evaluated. (8r,9r)-isocaryolane-8,9-diol (6), a major metabolite of compound 4a, shows act ... | 2013 | 23730968 |
| rnaseq-based transcriptome analysis of lactuca sativa infected by the fungal necrotroph botrytis cinerea. | the fungal pathogen botrytis cinerea establishes a necrotrophic interaction with its host plants, including lettuce (lactuca sativa), causing it to wilt, collapse and eventually dry up and die, which results in serious economic losses. global expression profiling using rnaseq and the newly sequenced lettuce genome identified a complex network of genes involved in the lettuce-b. cinerea interaction. the observed high number of differentially expressed genes allowed us to classify them according t ... | 2013 | 23534608 |
| camv-35s promoter sequence-specific dna methylation in lettuce. | we found 35s promoter sequence-specific dna methylation in lettuce. additionally, transgenic lettuce plants having a modified 35s promoter lost methylation, suggesting the modified sequence is subjected to the methylation machinery. we previously reported that cauliflower mosaic virus 35s promoter-specific dna methylation in transgenic gentian (gentiana triflora × g. scabra) plants occurs irrespective of the copy number and the genomic location of t-dna, and causes strong gene silencing. to conf ... | 2016 | 26373653 |
| increased stable inheritance of herbicide resistance in transgenic lettuce carrying a pete promoter-bar gene compared with a camv 35s-bar gene. | inheritance of resistance to herbicide (300 mg/l glufosinate ammonium) up to the third (t3) seed generation was compared in two populations of transgenic lettuce (lactuca sativa l. cv 'evola') harbouring a t-dna containing the bar gene, linked to either the cauliflower mosaic virus (camv) 35s promoter, or a -784-bp plastocyanin promoter from pea (pete). only 2.5% (4/163) of camv 35s-bar plants, selected by their kanamycin resistance(t0 generation), transmitted herbicide resistance at high freque ... | 1999 | 22665193 |
| bioassay-directed isolation and identification of phytotoxic and fungitoxic acetylenes from conyza canadensis. | conyza canadensis (l.) cronquist syn. (horseweed) is a problematic and invasive weed with reported allelopathic properties. to identify the phytotoxic constituents of the aerial parts, a systematic bioactivity-guided fractionation of the dichloromethane extract was performed. three active enyne derivatives, (2z,8z)-matricaria acid methyl ester, (4z,8z)-matricaria lactone, and (4z)-lachnophyllum lactone, were identified. the lactones inhibited growth of the monocot agrostis stolonifera (bentgrass ... | 2012 | 22612410 |
| scenario-targeted toxicity assessment through multiple endpoint bioassays in a soil posing unacceptable environmental risk according to regulatory screening values. | lanestosa is a chronically polluted site (derelict mine) where the soil (lanestosa (la) soil) exceeds screening values (svs) of regulatory policies in force (basque country; europe) for zn, pb and cd. a scenario-targeted toxicity assessment was carried out on the basis of a multi-endpoint bioassay approach. acute and chronic toxicity bioassays were conducted with selected test species (vibrio fischeri, dictyostelium discoideum, lactuca sativa, raphanus sativus and eisenia fetida) in combination ... | 2015 | 25940475 |
| toxicity assessment through multiple endpoint bioassays in soils posing environmental risk according to regulatory screening values. | toxicity profiles of two soils (a brownfield in legazpi and an abandoned iron mine in zugaztieta; basque country) contaminated with several metals (as, zn, pb and cu in legazpi; zn, pb, cd and cu in zugaztieta) and petroleum hydrocarbons (in legazpi) were determined using a multi-endpoint bioassay approach. investigated soils exceeded screening values (svs) of regulatory policies in force (basque country; europe). acute and chronic toxicity bioassays were conducted with a selected set of test sp ... | 2014 | 24819436 |
| [comparative analysis of parasite detection methods in vegetables for human consumption]. | vegetable contamination is a persistent health problem. the different methods of processing and diagnosis make it difficult to determine the most effective and sensitive technique. | 2013 | 23431633 |
| prevalence of entomophthoralean fungi (entomophthoromycota) of aphids in relation to developmental stages. | transmission of fungal pathogens of aphids may be affected by the host developmental stage. brassica and lactuca sativa l. crops were sampled in santa fe, argentina, to determine the prevalence of fungal-diseased aphids and investigate the differences between developmental stages of aphids. | 2016 | 26577724 |
| development of phytotoxicity indexes and their correlation with ecotoxicological, stability and physicochemical parameters during passive composting of poultry manure. | both raw and composted poultry manure is applied as soil amendment. the aims of this study were: (1) to develop phytotoxicity indexes for organic wastes and composts, and (2) to assess the correlation among phytotoxicity indexes, ecotoxicological endpoints and stability and physicochemical parameters during passive composting of poultry manure. six 2-m(3) composting piles were constructed and four parameter groups (physicochemical and microbiological parameters, ecotoxicological endpoints, and b ... | 2016 | 27185192 |
| impact of mulches and growing season on indicator bacteria survival during lettuce cultivation. | in fresh produce production, the use of mulches as ground cover to retain moisture and control weeds is a common agricultural practice, but the influence that various mulches have on enteric pathogen survival and dispersal is unknown. the goal of this study was to assess the impact of different mulching methods on the survival of soil and epiphytic fecal indicator bacteria on organically grown lettuce during different growing seasons. organically managed lettuce, cultivated with various ground c ... | 2016 | 26938806 |
| incidence of lettuce mosaic virus in lettuce and its detection by polyclonal antibodies produced against recombinant coat protein expressed in escherichia coli. | lettuce mosaic virus (lmv), a member of the genus potyvirus of family potyviridae, causes mosaic disease in lettuce has recently been identified in india. the virus is seed borne and secondary infection occurs through aphids. to ensure virus freedom in seeds it is important to develop diagnostic tools, for serological methods the production of polyclonal antibodies is a prerequisite. the coat protein (cp) gene of lmv was amplified, cloned and expressed using pet-28a vector in escherichia coli bl ... | 2016 | 26850143 |
| identical assemblage of giardia duodenalis in humans, animals and vegetables in an urban area in southern brazil indicates a relationship among them. | giardia duodenalis infects humans and other mammals by ingestion of cysts in contaminated water or food, or directly in environments with poor hygiene. eight assemblages, designated a-h, are described for this species. | 2015 | 25761119 |
| a study of the antimicrobial resistance and transfer of resistance among organisms isolated from lettuce (lactuca sativa) leaves in three localities in southwest nigeria. | the bacterial flora of lettuce from western nigeria were investigated for their identity, antimicrobial resistance, and ability to transfer such resistance to other organisms. the isolated contaminants were mostly gram-negative organisms of the enterobacteriaceae family, which included enterobacter species and e. coli. the organisms were resistant to a wide range of antimicrobials and they exhibited multiple antimicrobial resistance phenotypes. common resistance phenotypes observed included thos ... | 2015 | 25619034 |
| evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity and fast uhplc-dad-it-tof profiling of polyphenolic compounds extracted from green lettuce (lactuca sativa l.; var. maravilla de verano). | fresh cut vegetables represent a widely consumed food worldwide. among these, lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) is one of the most popular on the market. the growing interest for this "healthy" food is related to the content of bioactive compounds, especially polyphenols, that show many beneficial effects. in this study, we report the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential of polyphenols extracted from lettuce (var. maravilla de verano), in j774a.1 macrophages stimulated with escherichia coli lip ... | 2015 | 25148972 |
| assessment of microbiological contamination of fresh, minimally processed, and ready-to-eat lettuces (lactuca sativa), rio de janeiro state, brazil. | this study aimed to assess the microbiological contamination of lettuces commercialized in rio de janeiro, brazil, in order to investigate detection of norovirus genogroup ii (nov gii), salmonella spp., total and fecal coliforms, such as escherichia coli. for nov detection samples were processed using the adsorption-elution concentration method associated to real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qpcr). a total of 90 samples of lettuce including 30 whole fresh lettuces, 30 minimally p ... | 2014 | 24761806 |
| production and characterization of cyanocobalamin-enriched lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) grown using hydroponics. | when lettuces (lactuca sativa l.) grown for 30 days in hydroponic culture were treated with various concentrations of cyanocobalamin for 24 h, its content in their leaves increased significantly from nondetectable to 164.6 ± 74.7 ng/g fresh weight. this finding indicated that consumption of only two or three of these fresh leaves is sufficient to meet the recommended dietary allowance for adults of 2.4 μg/day. analyses using a cobalamin-dependent escherichia coli 215 bioautogram and lc/esi-ms/ms ... | 2013 | 23578327 |
| solar disinfection of wastewater to reduce contamination of lettuce crops by escherichia coli in reclaimed water irrigation. | low-cost disinfection methods to allow safe use of recycled wastewater for irrigation can have important beneficial implications in the developing world. this study aims to assess the efficiency of solar disinfection to reduce microbial contamination of lettuce crops when solar-treated wastewater effluents are used for irrigation. the irrigation study was designed as a complete experimental loop, including (i) the production of irrigation water through solar disinfection of real municipal wastew ... | 2012 | 22981489 |
| quality traits of conventional and transgenic lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) at harvesting by nmr metabolic profiling. | metabolism of genetically modified (gm) lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) leaves was investigated by comparing nmr metabolic profiles of three lines (t(3)b12, t(7)b7, and t(7)b14) overexpressing the e. coli asparagine synthetase a gene with those of the wild type (wt) at 24, 56, and 64 days after sowing (das). statistical analyses based on hydro-soluble compound profiles significantly and maximally discriminated the wt from gm-lines at optimal harvest time (56 das). the t(7)b14 metabolic variations we ... | 2010 | 20469910 |
| genetic mapping of turnip mosaic virus resistance in lactuca sativa. | presence of the dominant tu gene in lactuca sativa is sufficient to confer resistance to infection by turnip mosaic virus (tumv). in order to obtain an immunological assay for the presence of tumv in inoculated plants, the tumv coat protein (cp) gene was cloned by amplification of a cdna corresponding to the viral genome using degenerate primers designed from conserved potyvirus cp sequences. the tumv cp was overexpressed in escherichia coli, and polyclonal antibodies were produced. to locate tu ... | 1994 | 24177934 |
| a bacterial-fungal metaproteomic analysis enlightens an intriguing multicomponent interaction in the rhizosphere of lactuca sativa. | fusarium oxysporum msa 35 [wild-type (wt) strain] is an antagonistic isolate that protects plants against pathogenic fusaria. this strain lives in association with ectosymbiotic bacteria. when cured of the prokaryotic symbionts [cured (cu) form], the fungus is pathogenic, causing wilt symptoms similar to those of f. oxysporum f.sp. lactucae. the aim of this study was to understand if and how the host plant lactuca sativa contributes to the expression of the antagonistic/pathogenic behaviors of m ... | 2012 | 22360353 |
| synthesis of a new allelopathic agent from the biotransformation of ent-15α-hydroxy-16-kauren-19-oic acid with fusarium proliferatum. | the use of kaurane diterpenes as substrates in fungal biotransformation to achieve bioactive compounds has been widely reported. in this work, the natural product kaurenoic acid, a diterpene widely distributed in the plant kingdom, was chemically converted into ent-15α-hydroxy-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid (1). substrate 1 was subjected to biotransformation by the fungus fusarium proliferatum, furnishing a new derivative, ent-2α,15α-dihydroxy-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid (2). the structure of metabolite 2 wa ... | 2017 | 28278633 |
| emergence of groundnut ringspot virus and tomato chlorotic spot virus in vegetables in florida and the southeastern united states. | groundnut ringspot virus (grsv) and tomato chlorotic spot virus (tcsv) are two emerging tospoviruses in florida. in a survey of the southeastern united states, grsv and tcsv were frequently detected in solanaceous crops and weeds with tospovirus-like symptoms in south florida, and occurred sympatrically with tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) in tomato and pepper in south florida. tswv was the only tospovirus detected in other survey locations, with the exceptions of grsv from tomato (solanum lyco ... | 2015 | 25317844 |
| antiprotozoal and antimicrobial compounds from the plant pathogen septoria pistaciarum. | four new 1,4-dihydroxy-5-phenyl-2-pyridinone alkaloids, 17-hydroxy-n-(o-methyl)septoriamycin a (1), 17-acetoxy-n-(o-methyl)septoriamycin a (2), 13-(s)-hydroxy-n-(o-methyl)septoriamycin a (3), and 13-(r)-hydroxy-n-(o-methyl)septoriamycin a (4), together with the known compounds (+)-cercosporin (5), (+)-14-o-acetylcercosporin (6), (+)-di-o-acetylcercosporin (7), lumichrome, and brassicasterol, were isolated from an ethyl acetate extract of a culture medium of septoria pistaciarum. methylation of s ... | 2012 | 22530813 |
| diversity and evolutionary history of lettuce necrotic yellows virus in australia and new zealand. | lettuce necrotic yellows virus (lnyv) is the type member of the genus cytorhabdovirus, family rhabdoviridae, and causes a severe disease of lettuce (lactuca sativa l.). this virus has been described as endemic to australia and new zealand, with sporadic reports of a similar virus in europe. genetic variability studies of plant-infecting rhabdoviruses are scarce. we have extended a previous study on the variability of the lnyv nucleocapsid gene, comparing sequences from isolates sampled from both ... | 2016 | 26526146 |
| the incidence and distribution of listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat vegetables in south-western nigeria. | the study investigated the incidence of listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat (rte) vegetables: (cucumber, cucumis sativas; cabbage, brassica olerecea; carrot, daucus carota; tomato, solanum lycopersicum; lettuce, lactuca sativa) in six states in south-western nigeria. a total of 555 composite samples were collected from 30 traditional markets within the states and only 244 l. monocytogenes species were isolated by standard methods. the incidence of l. monocytogenes was low and not statisticall ... | 2016 | 26788311 |
| inactivation of escherichia coli o157:h7 and listeria monocytogenes in biofilms by pulsed ultraviolet light. | the inactivation of biofilms formed by pathogenic bacteria on ready-to-eat and minimally processed fruits and vegetables by nonthermal processing methods is critical to ensure food safety. pulsed ultraviolet (puv) light has shown promise in the surface decontamination of liquid, powdered, and solid foods. in this study, the antimicrobial efficacy of puv light treatment on nascent biofilms formed by escherichia coli o157:h7 and listeria monocytogenes on the surfaces of food packaging materials, s ... | 2015 | 26054759 |
| growth potential of salmonella and listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat lettuce and collard greens packaged under modified atmosphere and in perforated film. | this study was aimed at determining the effects of different storage scenarios on the growth potential of salmonella strains and listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat (rte) mixes of iceberg and crisp lettuces (lactuca sativa) and collard greens (brassica oleracea). vegetables were submitted to minimal processing, experimentally contaminated to achieve 10(1) and 10(2) cfu/g, packed under modified atmosphere and in perforated film, and submitted to the following storage scenarios: i = 100 % of th ... | 2013 | 23643135 |
| efficacy of household washing treatments for the control of listeria monocytogenes on salad vegetables. | the efficacy of household decontamination methods at reducing listeria monocytogenes on fresh lettuce (lactuca sativa), cucumber (cucumis sativus) and parsley (petroselinum sativum) was studied. inoculated vegetable pieces were immersed in washing solutions and surviving l. monocytogenes enumerated. parameters investigated were storage temperature prior to washing, dipping water temperature, agitation, acetic acid concentration and immersion time. the results indicated that the storage temperatu ... | 2012 | 23107504 |
| [effect of volatile metabolites from germinating seeds on the reproduction of the bacteria listeria monocytogenes and yersinia pseudotuberculosis]. | the biological activity of volatile metabolites of germinating seeds of cabbage (brassica oleacia), carrot (daukus carota), salad (lactuca sativa), and corn (zea mays l.) against listeria monocytogenes and yersinia pseudotuberculosis was studied. it was shown that volatile metabolites are transfer factors and can be the sole carbon and energy source for these bacteria. methanol is the main substance affecting their growth and reproduction. | 2015 | 22834302 |
| damage threshold of meloidogyne hapla to lettuce in organic soil. | lettuce was seeded in pots in the greenhouse and in field microplots in 1991 and 1992. pots and microplots were filled with untreated or fumigated organic soil infested with meloidogyne hapla at seven initial population densities (pi) (0 to 32 eggs/cm(3) soil). lettuce weight, severity of root galling, and number of eggs per root system (pf) were determined after 8 weeks. at the highest pi, m. hapla caused yield losses up to 64% in the microplots and plant death in the greenhouse tests. the sein ... | 1996 | 19277172 |
| pathogenicity of meloidogyne hapla to lettuce as affected by inoculum level, plant age at inoculation and temperature. | pathogenicity of meloidogyne hapla to lettuce was influenced by inoculum level, age of plant at inoculation and temperature. top weight of 'minetto' lettuce was reduced 32% when 2-week-old lettuce plants were each inoculated with five egg masses. higher inoculum levels did not further decrease top weight significantly. inoculation at seeding reduced top growth more than inoculation of 1-, 2- or 3-week-old seedlings. m. hapla reduced growth more at the intermediate (21.1 c night and 26.7 c day), ... | 1973 | 19319317 |
| mustard seed meal mixtures: management of meloidogyne incognita on pepper and potential phytotoxicity. | meals produced when oil is extracted from seeds in the brassicaceae have been shown to suppress weeds and soilborne pathogens. these seed meals are commonly used individually as soil amendments; the goal of this research was to evaluate seed meal mixes of brassica juncea (bj) and sinapis alba (sa) against meloidogyne incognita. seed meals from bj 'pacific gold' and sa 'idagold' were tested alone and in combinations to determine rates and application times that would suppress m. incognita on pepp ... | 2011 | 22791910 |
| response of five lettuce cultivars to root-knot nematode, meloidogyne incognita. | the root-knot nematode, meloidogyne incognito (kofoid et white) chitwood is an important pathogen of vegetables. five commercial cultivars of lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) were evaluated under greenhouse conditions for resistance to meloidogyne incognita, benguet population. plants were inoculated with 1000 eggs collected from 'apollo' tomato (lycopersicon esculentum) roots. the degree of galling and number of egg masses were assessed 4 and 8 weeks after inoculation. host plant response was classi ... | 2007 | 18399501 |
| velvetbean (mucuna pruriens) extracts: impact on meloidogyne incognita survival and on lycopersicon esculentum and lactuca sativa germination and growth. | velvetbean (mucuna spp.) is a summer annual that has been used as a cover crop to reduce erosion, fix nitrogen and suppress weeds and plant-parasitic nematodes. crude aqueous extracts (1:15 dry weight plant/volume water) were made from velvetbean plant parts, and various concentrations of the extracts were evaluated in vitro for toxicities to different stages of meloidogyne incognita (kofoid and white) chitwood and for suppression of hypocotyl and root growth and inhibition of germination of tom ... | 2006 | 16953489 |
| dynamics of the nuclear complement of giant cells induced by meloidogyne incognita. | the total numbers of nuclei in giant cells induced by meloidogyne incognita in pea, lettuce, tomato, and broad bean were determined. mature giant cells from pea had the most nuclei per giant cell with a mean of 59 +/- 23, lettuce had the fewest with 26 +/- 16, and tomato and broad bean were intermediate. the rate of increase in numbers of nuclei for all plant species was greatest during the first 7 days after inoculation. no mitotic activity was observed in giant cells associated with adult nema ... | 1993 | 19279788 |
| inheritance of resistance to the root-knot nematode meloidogyne javanica in lettuce. | resistance to the root-knot nematodes meloidogyne spp. would be a valuable attribute of lettuce lactuca sativa l. cultivars grown in tropical regions. the looseleaf lettuce 'grand rapids' is resistant to both m. incognita and m. javanica. resistance to m. incognita has a high heritability, under the control of a single gene locus, in which the 'grand rapids' allele, responsible for resistance (me), has predominantly additive gene action, and has incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity. w ... | 2002 | 14963814 |
| investigating the ability of pseudomonas fluorescens uw4 to reduce cadmium stress in lactuca sativa via an intervention in the ethylene biosynthetic pathway. | a typical plant response to any biotic or abiotic stress, including cadmium (cd), involves increased ethylene synthesis, which causes senescence of the affected plant part. stressed plants can experience reduced ethylene and improved growth if they are inoculated with bacteria that have the enzyme acc deaminase, which metabolizes the ethylene precursor acc (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate). we investigated whether one such bacterium, pseudomonas fluorescens uw4, reduces the production of ethyl ... | 2016 | 27759425 |