| effects of carbon and nitrogen sources, carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, and initial ph on the growth of nematophagous fungus pochonia chlamydosporia in liquid culture. | the effects of carbon and nitrogen sources, carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (c:n) and initial ph value on the growth and sporulation of the nematophagous fungus pochonia chlamydosporia in liquid culture were examined. among the 21 carbon sources and 15 nitrogen compounds tested, the optimal carbon and nitrogen sources for mycelial growth were sweet potato and l: -tyrosine, and for sporulation were sweet potato and casein peptone. a c:n ratio of 10:1 at ph 3.7 gave the maximum yield of conidia and a c:n ... | 2005 | 15883723 |
| nitrogen requirements and urea recycling in an omnivorous marsupial, the northern brown bandicoot isoodon macrourus. | the maintenance nitrogen (n) requirement of the northern brown bandicoot, isoodon macrourus, was determined by giving captive animals diets based on a commercial small carnivore mix and shredded sweet potato, with 20% sand included in the moist diet to simulate the soil ingested by bandicoots during natural foraging. linear regression of n balance on n intake yielded maintenance n requirements of 438 mg kg(-0.75) d(-1) on a dietary basis and 413 mg kg(-0.75) d(-1) on a truly digestible basis. th ... | 2005 | 15887092 |
| viral class 1 rnase iii involved in suppression of rna silencing. | double-stranded rna (dsrna)-specific endonucleases belonging to rnase iii classes 3 and 2 process dsrna precursors to small interfering rna (sirna) or microrna, respectively, thereby initiating and amplifying rna silencing-based antiviral defense and gene regulation in eukaryotic cells. however, we now provide evidence that a class 1 rnase iii is involved in suppression of rna silencing. the single-stranded rna genome of sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus (spcsv) encodes an rnase iii (rnase3) ho ... | 2005 | 15890961 |
| antioxidative activity of anthocyanins from purple sweet potato, ipomoera batatas cultivar ayamurasaki. | we evaluated the antioxidative activity of anthocyanins from an extract of the tuber of purple sweet potato (psp) (ipomoea batatas cultivar ayamurasaki). anthocyanins from psp showed stronger 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (dpph) radical-scavenging activity than anthocyanins from red cabbage, grape skin, elderberry, or purple corn, and eight major components of the anthocyanins from psp showed higher levels of activity than ascorbic acid. in psp anthocyanin-injected rats and psp beverage-administ ... | 2005 | 15914919 |
| biological activity and chemical composition of the essential oil from jamaican hyptis verticillata jacq. | the chemical composition of the essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation from the aerial parts of hyptis verticillata jacq. was elucidated by a combination of gc and gc-ms analyses. the oil was dominated by the sesquiterpenoids cadina-4,10(15)-dien-3-one (15.1%) (1) and aromadendr-1(10)-en-9-one (squamulosone) (30.7%) (2). the oil exhibited chemosterilant activities against the cattle tick, boophilus microplus canest., and toxic action against adult cylas formicarius elegantulus summer, the m ... | 2005 | 15941314 |
| human tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase becomes an effective atpase upon proteolytic activation. | proteolytic cleavage in an exposed loop of human tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (tracp) with trypsin leads to a significant increase in activity. at each ph value between 3.25 and 8.0 the cleaved enzyme is more active. substrate specificity is also influenced by proteolysis. only the cleaved form is able to hydrolyze unactivated substrates efficiently, and at ph >6 cleaved tracp acquires a marked preference for atp. the cleaved enzyme also has altered sensitivity to inhibitors. interestingl ... | 2005 | 15950921 |
| characterization and immunostimulatory activity of an (1-->6)-a-d-glucan from the root of ipomoea batatas. | the polysaccharide pspp (purified sweet potato polysaccharide), isolated and purified from the roots of ipomoea batatas, was found to be a glucan with a molecular weight of 53.2 kda and specific rotation of +115.0 degrees (ca. 0.80, h(2)o). on the basis of methylation analysis, periodate oxidation, smith degradation, infra-red spectroscopy, and (13)c nmr, the polysaccharide was confirmed as a (1-->6)-alpha-d-glucan. we evaluated the effects of polysaccharide pspp on the in vivo immune function o ... | 2005 | 15953570 |
| purification and characterization of a thermostable raw starch digesting amylase from a streptomyces sp. isolated in a milling factory. | a raw starch utilizing microbe was isolated from mud in a milling factory. the 16s ribosomal dna (rdna) sequencing and morphological properties of the strain indicated that it belongs to the genus streptomyces. a strongly raw starch digesting amylase was purified from the culture supernatant of the strain by chromatographic procedures. the specific activity of the enzyme was 11.7 u/mg, molecular mass 47 kda, optimum ph 6.0, and optimum temperature 50 to 60 degrees c. the enzyme showed sufficient ... | 2005 | 15973037 |
| the effect of phytic acid on the levels of blood glucose and some enzymes of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. | in this study, six groups of rats were fed as follows: groups 1 and 2 were fed formulated diets supplemented with zinc or without zinc respectively. groups 3 and 4 were fed formulated diets supplemented with zinc plus phytic acid extracted from sweet potato (ipomea batatas) or commercial phytic acid respectively. groups 5 and 6 were fed formulated diets supplemented with phytic acid extract from sweet potato or commercial phytic acid respectively. the animals were fed for three weeks and then sa ... | 2005 | 15999878 |
| influence of synthetic and natural food dyes on activities of cyp2a6, ugt1a6, and ugt2b7. | synthetic or natural food dyes are typical xenobiotics, as are drugs and pollutants. after ingestion, part of these dyes may be absorbed and metabolized by phase i and ii drug-metabolizing enzymes and excreted by transporters of phase iii enzymes. however, there is little information regarding the metabolism of these dyes. it was investigated whether these dyes are substrates for cyp2a6 and udp-glucuronosyltransferase (ugt). the in vitro inhibition of drug-metabolizing enzymes by these dyes was ... | 2005 | 16009655 |
| soil and crop management experiments in the laboratory biosphere: an analogue system for the mars on earth(r) facility. | during the years 2002 and 2003, three closed system experiments were carried out in the "laboratory biosphere" facility located in santa fe, new mexico. the program involved experimentation of "hoyt" soy beans, (experiment #1) usu apogee wheat (experiment #2) and tu-82-155 sweet potato (experiment #3) using a 5.37 m2 soil planting bed which was 30 cm deep. the soil texture, 40% clay, 31% sand and 28% silt (a clay loam), was collected from an organic farm in new mexico to avoid chemical residues. ... | 2005 | 16175677 |
| enzymatic production of caffeic acid by koji from plant resources containing caffeoylquinic acid derivatives. | the effect of a koji (aspergillus awamori mut.) extract on the caffeoylquinic acid derivatives purified from sweetpotato (ipomoea batatas l.) leaves was examined to develop the mass production of caffeic acid. a koji extract hydrolyzed the caffeoylquinic acid derivatives, chlorogenic acid, 3,4-di-o-caffeoylquinic acid, 3,5-di-o-caffeoylquinic acid, 4,5-di-o-caffeoylquinic acid and 3,4,5-tri-o-caffeoylquinic acid, to caffeic acid. furthermore, the koji extract also converted the major polyphenoli ... | 2005 | 16195601 |
| regulation of osteoclastogenesis by simon extracts composed of caffeic acid and related compounds: successful suppression of bone destruction accompanied with adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. | simon extracts are vitamin k(1)-rich food materials extracted from the leaves of the simon sweet potato. although vitamin k is known to stimulate bone formation, we postulated that simon extracts also contain unknown biological compounds having the ability to regulate bone resorption. here we prepared the vitamin k-free fraction from the simon extracts and investigated the ability of this fraction on the differentiation of osteoclasts. a remarkable inhibitory effect of osteoclastogenesis was obs ... | 2006 | 16205940 |
| microbial hydrogen production from sweet potato starch residue. | clostridium butyricum could produce hydrogen from a sweet potato starch residue upon supplementation of nitrogen sources. a repeated batch culture using a mixed culture of c. butyricum and enterobacter aerogenes produced hydrogen with a yield of 2.4 mol h2/mol glucose under a controlled culture ph of 5.25 in a medium consisting of the sweet potato starch residue and 0.1% polypepton without addition of any reducing agents. rhodobacter sp. m-19 produced hydrogen from the supernatant of the culture ... | 2001 | 16232947 |
| cellulose production from glucose using a glucose dehydrogenase gene (gdh)-deficient mutant of gluconacetobacter xylinus and its use for bioconversion of sweet potato pulp. | a gene fragment encoding a putative pyrroloquinoline quinone glucose dehydrogenase (pqq gdh) was cloned from a bacterial cellulose (bc)-forming acetic acid bacterium, gluconacetobacter xylinus (=acetobacter xylinum) strain bpr 2001, which was isolated as a high bc producer when using fructose as the carbon source. a gdh-deficient mutant of strain bpr 2001, namely gd-i, was then generated via gene disruption using the cloned gene fragment. strain gd-i produced no gluconic acid but produced 4.1 g. ... | 2005 | 16233811 |
| growth inhibitory activities of crude extracts obtained from herbal plants in the ryukyu islands on several human colon carcinoma cell lines. | there is increasing interest in the use of herbs for the treatment of human diseases including cancer. therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine whether crude extracts obtained from 44 herbal plants in the ryukyu islands might contain components capable of inhibiting the growth of a variety of human colon carcinoma cell lines. leaves, roots and other parts of the plants were extracted with chloroform, and the crude extracts were dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide and used for the experim ... | 2005 | 16235999 |
| novel application of shochu distillery by-products to prophylaxis against mammary carcinogenesis induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene in rats. | the effect of the heat-dried product of shochu distillery by-products (hsdb) derived from sweet potato on mammary carcinogenesis in rats was investigated. hsdb was fed at 2.5% or 5% of the total feed weight. dietary hsdb at the 5% level suppressed the incidence and number of tumors, and delayed the latency of mammary tumor development relative to the control diet. experiments were conducted to determine the relative polarity of the anticarcinogenic constituent(s). the number of tumors per tumor- ... | 2005 | 16244440 |
| cryptic polyadenylation of transcripts of an rna virus gene introduced into tobacco plants. | we constructed an expression vector for the coat protein (cp) gene and the 3' untranslated region (3' utr) of rna virus (sweet potato feathery mottle virus severe strain (spfmv-s)) lacking a foreign terminator. out of seven transgenic tobacco plants, expression of the transgene was observed in six plants. rt-pcr analysis revealed that the transcripts had a poly(a) tail, and in most of them, polyadenylation occurred on the 5' side of the 3' utr. these results suggest that the viral sequence conta ... | 2005 | 16244460 |
| production of mouse adiponectin, an anti-diabetic protein, in transgenic sweet potato plants. | adiponectin is a 30kda protein exclusively produced and secreted from adipocytes and as a cytokine has been found to link obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. production of biologically active adiponectin in large scale is desirable for pharmaceutical applications. mouse adiponectin cdna was used for developing transgenic sweet potato plants via agrobacterium-mediated transformation. the presence of the transgene was verified by pcr and dna gel blot analysis. further investigated we ... | 2005 | 16255175 |
| consumption of purple sweet potato leaves modulates human immune response: t-lymphocyte functions, lytic activity of natural killer cell and antibody production. | to study the immunological effects of physiological doses of purple sweet potato leaves (pspl). | 2005 | 16270384 |
| gateways to clinical trials. | gateways to clinical trials is a guide to the most recent clinical trials in current literature and congresses. the data in the following tables have been retrieved from the clinical trials knowledge area of prous science integrity, the drug discovery and development portal, http://integrity.prous.com. this issue focuses on the following selection of drugs: (-)-epigallocatechin gallate, (z)-4-hydroxytamoxifen; ad.muifn-beta ad-237, adalimumab, adefovir dipivoxil, agalsidase alfa, alemtuzumab, al ... | 2005 | 16273137 |
| a new mads-box gene (ibmads10) from sweet potato (ipomoea batatas (l.) lam) is involved in the accumulation of anthocyanin. | a new mads-box gene designated as ibmads10 was cloned and its expression was characterized from sweet potato (ipomoea batatas (l.) lam.) cv. beniazuma. the deduced amino acid sequence of the gene indicated high homology with members of the mads-box family of transcription factors. ibmads10 shares high amino acid sequence similarity with the defh28 of antirrhinum majus (64%) and with bpmads4 of betula pendula (61%) of the squa subfamily. southern blot analysis revealed that the ibmads10 is presen ... | 2006 | 16333667 |
| genetic interrelatedness among clover proliferation mycoplasmalike organisms (mlos) and other mlos investigated by nucleic acid hybridization and restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses. | dna was isolated from clover proliferation (cp) mycoplasmalike organism (mlo)-diseased periwinkle plants (catharanthus roseus (l.) g. don.) and cloned into psp6 plasmid vectors. cp mlo-specific recombinant dna clones were biotin labeled and used as probes in dot hybridization and restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses to study the genetic interrelatedness among cp mlo and other mlos, including potato witches'-broom (pwb) mlo. results from dot hybridization analyses indicated that both ... | 1991 | 16348604 |
| complete nucleotide sequence of the rna2 of the crinivirus tomato chlorosis virus. | the complete sequence of genomic rna2 of tomato chlorosis virus (tocv; genus crinivirus, family closteroviridae), isolate at80/99 from spain, was determined and compared with those from the other members of the genus sequenced to date. rna2 is 8244 nucleotides (nt) long and putatively encodes nine orfs that encompass the hallmark gene array of the family closteroviridae, which includes a heat shock protein 70 family homologue, a 59 kda protein, the coat protein, and a diverged coat protein. phyl ... | 2006 | 16374719 |
| intersterility, morphology and taxonomy of ceratocystis fimbriata on sweet potato, cacao and sycamore. | ceratocystis fimbriata is a large, diverse complex of species that cause wilt-type diseases of many economically important plants. previous studies have shown that isolates in three monophyletic lineages within the latin american clade of c. fimbriata are host-specialized to cacao (theobroma cacao), sweet potato (ipomoea batatas) and sycamore (platanus spp.), respectively. we paired testers of opposite mating type from isolates of these lineages to find intersterility groups. two intersterility ... | 2005 | 16389957 |
| determination of pharmacologically active ingredients in sweet potato (ipomoea batatas l.) by capillary electrophoresis with electrochemical detection. | sweet potato (ipomoea batatas l.), in which vitamin c, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, quercetin, and rutin are abundant, is one of the functional food products aimed at introducing human dietary ingredients that aid specific body functions in addition to being nutritious. a method based on capillary electrophoresis with electrochemical detection (ce-ed) to qualitatively and quantitatively determine the pharmacologically active ingredients in sweet potato has been developed by our group. the eff ... | 2006 | 16390172 |
| a tyrosinase with an abnormally high tyrosine hydroxylase/dopa oxidase ratio. | the sequencing of the genome of ralstonia solanacearum[salanoubat m, genin s, artiguenave f, et al. (2002) nature 415, 497-502] revealed several genes that putatively code for polyphenol oxidases (ppos). this soil-borne pathogenic bacterium withers a wide range of plants. we detected the expression of two ppo genes (accession numbers np_518458 and np_519622) with high similarity to tyrosinases, both containing the six conserved histidines required to bind the pair of type-3 copper ions at the ac ... | 2006 | 16403014 |
| monascus fermentation of dioscorea for increasing the production of cholesterol-lowering agent--monacolin k and antiinflammation agent--monascin. | monacolin k, an inhibitor for cholesterol synthesis, is the secondary metabolite of monascus species. the formation of the secondary metabolites of the monascus species is affected by cultivation environment and method. this research uses sweet potato (ipomoea batatas), potato (solanum tuberosum), casava (manihot esculenta), and dioscorea (dioscorea batatas) as the substrates and discusses the best substrate to produce monacolin k. the results show that monascus purpureus ntu 301, with dioscorea ... | 2006 | 16568313 |
| irradiation as a methyl bromide alternative for postharvest control of omphisa anastomosalis (lepidoptera: pyralidae) and euscepes postfasciatus and cylas formicarius elegantulus (coleoptera: curculionidae) in sweet potatoes. | irradiation studies were conducted with three sweet potato, ipomoea batatas (l.) lam., pests to determine an effective dose for quarantine control. dose-response tests indicated that the most radiotolerant stage occurring in roots was the pupa of sweetpotato vine borer, omphisa anastomosalis (guenee), and the adult of west indian sweetpotato weevil, euscepes postfasciatus (fairmaire), and sweetpotato weevil, cylas formicarius elegantulus (summers). in large-scale confirmatory tests, irradiation ... | 2006 | 16573320 |
| ethanol fermentation of mahula (madhuca latifolia l.) flowers using free and immobilized yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. | there is a growing interest to find alternate bioresources for production of ethanol, apart from cane/sugar beet molasses and starchy crops like sweet sorghum, cassava and sweet potato. mahula (madhuca latifolia l.) is a forest tree abundantly available in the indian subcontinent and its flowers are very rich in fermentable sugars (28.1-36.3 g 100 g(-1)). batch fermentation of fresh and 12-month-stored flowers with free (whole cells) and immobilized cells of saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ctcr ... | 2007 | 16580830 |
| analytical study of ipomeamarone & chlorogenic acid alterations in sweet potato roots infected by ceratocystis fimbriata. | | 1961 | 16655482 |
| pattern of carbohydrate breakdown in sweet potato roots infected with ceratocystis fimbriata. | | 1962 | 16655711 |
| analytical study of umbelliferone and scopoletin synthesis in sweet potato roots infected by ceratocystis fimbriata. | | 1963 | 16655821 |
| dna from plant mitochondria. | dna was isolated from a mitochondrial fraction of each of the following plant materials: mung bean (phaseolus aureus) etiolated hypocotyl; turnip (brassica rapa) root; sweet potato (ipomoea batatas) root; and onion (allium cepa) bulb. it was found that all of these mitochondrial fractions contained dna, the densities of which were identical (rho=1.706 g.cm(-3)). an additional dna (rho=1.695) band found in the mitochondrial fraction of brassica rapa, was identical to dna separately isolated from ... | 1966 | 16656268 |
| increase of mitochondrial fraction in sweet potato root tissue after wounding or infection with ceratocystis fimbriata. | the acid-insoluble nitrogen content, lipid content, and cytochrome oxidase activity in the mitochondrial fraction are found to increase during incubation of slices of sweet potato (ipomoea batatas) root tissue. these increases appear to be related to an increase in the number of the mitochondrial particles. the increase in the mitochondrial fraction is not accompanied by an increase in cell number. the nitrogen content in the mitochondrial fraction increases prior to the changes in the activity ... | 1966 | 16656382 |
| increased disease resistance and enzyme activity induced by ethylene and ethylene production of black rot infected sweet potato tissue. | exposure of root tissue from a susceptible variety of sweet potato to low concentrations of ethylene induced a resistance to infection by ceratocystis fimbriata and an increase in the activity of peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase in the tissue. susceptible tissue that was inoculated with a pathogenic strain of c. fimbriata or a nonpathogenic strain that can induce resistance liberated more ethylene into closed chambers than tissue inoculated with strains that did not induce resistance. it is sugg ... | 1966 | 16656431 |
| invertase inhibitors from red beet, sugar beet, and sweet potato roots. | invertase inhibitors have been isolated and partially purified from red beets, sugar beets, and sweet potatoes. these inhibitors are thermolabile proteins with molecular weights of 18,000 to 23,000. they do not inhibit yeast and neurospora invertases, but they are reactive with potato tuber invertase and other plant invertases with ph optima near 4.5. there are differences in reactivity of the inhibitors with some of the plant invertases, however. for most invertases, red beet and sugar beet inh ... | 1968 | 16656933 |
| comparative studies on tobacco pith and sweet potato root isoperoxidases in relation to injury, indoleacetic acid, and ethylene effects. | sweet potato (ipomoea batatas) root parenchyma and tobacco (nicotiana tabacum) stem pith, both known to increase peroxidase activity after excision, differed from each other in their isoperoxidase patterns and in the isoperoxidase responses to injury and exogenous ethylene.in potato root sections, the injury-dependent peroxidase increase was due to an induction of two isoenzymes, as well as to a promotion of some constitutive ones. in tobacco pith, this increase was entirely due to seven isopero ... | 1973 | 16658496 |
| cell wall and protoplast isoperoxidases in relation to injury, indoleacetic acid, and ethylene effects. | in tobacco (nicotiana tabacum) pith, sweet potato (ipomoea batatas), and carrot (daucus carota) storage roots, differences were found between cell wall and protoplast peroxidases in their isoenzyme patterns, activity, and reaction to tissue injury.in the pith of elongating tobacco internodes, 90% of total activity was associated with the walls, 80% of which was due to the ionically and covalently bound fractions. with senescence, the increase in activity occurred mainly in the protoplast and the ... | 1974 | 16658744 |
| dehydroipomeamarone as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of ipomeamarone, a phytoalexin from sweet potato root infected with ceratocystis fimbriata. | recently, we isolated dehydroipomeamarone, a new sesquiterpenoid from sweet potato (ipomoea batatas lam.) root tissue infected with ceratocystis fimbriata (ell. et halst.). the purpose of this investigation was to determine whether dehydroipomeamarone was a precursor in the biosynthetic pathway of ipomeamarone. the incorporation of acetate-2-(14)c into ipomeamarone was markedly inhibited by the presence of dehydroipomeamarone. radioactive dehydroipomeamarone was efficiently converted into ipomea ... | 1974 | 16658760 |
| determination of structure and composition of suberin from the roots of carrot, parsnip, rutabaga, turnip, red beet, and sweet potato by combined gas-liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. | suberin from the roots of carrots (daucus carota), parsnip (pastinaca sativa), rutabaga (brassica napobrassica), turnip (brassica rapa), red beet (beta vulgaris), and sweet potato (ipomoea batatas) was isolated by a combination of chemical and enzymatic techniques. finely powdered suberin was depolymerized with 14% bf(3) in methanol, and soluble monomers (20-50% of suberin) were fractionated into phenolic (<10%) and aliphatic (13-35%) fractions. the aliphatic fractions consisted mainly of omega- ... | 1975 | 16659124 |
| cell isoperoxidases in sweet potato plants in relation to mechanical injury and ethylene. | leaves and storage roots of sweet potato plants (ipomea batatas) showed the same qualitative isoperoxidase patterns and a similar distribution of distinctive isoperoxidases between the cell protoplast and cell wall free, ionically bound, and covalently bound fractions. no changes in the qualitative isoenzyme spectrum were found in relation to age, mechanical injury, or ethylene action. thus, as in tobacco plants, the cell isoperoxidases in sweet potato did not reflect the possible differential m ... | 1976 | 16659429 |
| induction of furano-terpene production and formation of the enzyme system from mevalonate to isopentenyl pyrophosphate in sweet potato root tissue injured by ceratocystis fimbriata and by toxic chemicals. | when sweet potato (ipomoea batatas) root tissue was infected by ceratocystis fimbriata, activity of the enzyme system from mevalonate to isopentenyl pyrophosphate, especially of pyrophosphomevalonate decarboxylase (ec 4.1.1.33), was increased in the noninfected tissue adjacent to the infected region, preceding the furano-terpene production in the infected region. cutting and incubation of sweet potato slices did not produce furano-terpenes, and only slightly increased the activity of the enzyme ... | 1976 | 16659619 |
| isolation and characterization of factors in sweet potato root which agglutinate germinated spores of ceratocystis fimbriata, black rot fungus. | a factor which agglutinates the germinated spores of ceratocystis fimbriata was isolated from the sweet potato root. the factor is a glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 1.6 x 10(6) daltons and required divalent cations such as ca(2+), mn(2+), ni(2+), and mg(2+) for activity. the activity of the factor was ph-dependent. the factor also agglutinated rabbit erythrocytes and is classified as a phytohemagglutinin or lectin. the factor agglutinated germinated spores of seven strains of c. fimbriat ... | 1978 | 16660599 |
| studies on a factor in sweet potato root which agglutinates spores of ceratocystis fimbriata, black rot fungus. | a factor which agglutinated the spores of ceratocystis fimbriata in the presence of ca(2+) was purified from sweet potato (ipomea batatas lam cv. norin[1]) root. element composition of the purified factor was as follows; analysis found: c (29.8%), h (3.97%), o (65.34%), n (0.81%): calculated for c(43)h(69)o(70)n(1): c (30.02%), h (4.01%), o (65.15%), n (0.81%). the factor was mainly composed of galacturonic acid (53% of dry weight) and contained arabinose, fucose, and unidentified component as m ... | 1982 | 16662232 |
| properties of a mixed function oxygenase catalyzing ipomeamarone 15-hydroxylation in microsomes from cut-injured and ceratocystis fimbriata-infected sweet potato root tissues. | ipomeamarone 15-hydroxylase activity was found in a microsomal fraction from cut-injured and ceratocystis fimbriata-infected sweet potato (ipomoea batatas lam. cv. norin no. 1) root tissues and its optimum ph was 8.0. the enzyme reaction required o(2) and nadph. the k(m) values calculated for ipomeamarone and nadh were approximately 60 and 2 micromolar, respectively. nadph alone had little effect on enzyme activity but activated the reaction in the presence of low concentrations of nadph. ipomea ... | 1982 | 16662536 |
| inhibition of photosynthesis by ethylene-a stomatal effect. | ethylene at hormonally significant levels inhibited net photosynthesis of the cultivated peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) as measured by gas analysis. upon the removal of ethylene, the inhibition was naturally overcome at the concentration-exposure duration combinations tested. increased length of exposure of 1 microliter of ethylene per liter of air up to 6 hours increased the degree of net photosynthesis inhibition (68% reduction after 6-hour exposure). significantly greater inhibition of photosyn ... | 1982 | 16662540 |
| starch phosphorylase inhibitor from sweet potato. | a protein, starch phosphorylase inhibitor, was purified from the root of sweet potato (ipomoea batatas [l.] lam. cv tainon 65). it had a molecular weight of 250,000 and could be composed of five identical subunits. the isoelectric point of the inhibitor was 4.63. it was a noncompetitive inhibitor toward the sweet potato enzyme with a k(i) value of 1.3 x 10(-6) molar when glucose-1-p was the variable substrate. because cross-reacting materials of rabbit antiphosphorylase inhibitor of sweet potato ... | 1986 | 16664657 |
| phase transitions in liposomes formed from the polar lipids of mitochondria from chilling-sensitive plants. | the thermal response of mitochondrial polar lipids from a variety of chilling-sensitive and chilling-insensitive plants was determined by differential scanning calorimetry. a phase transition was observed at 15 degrees c for mitochondria from soybeam (glycine max. cv davis) hypocotyl, at 16 degrees c for tomato (lycopersicon esculentum cv flora-dade and cv grosse lisse) fruit, at 15 degrees c for cucumber (cucumus sativus l.) fruit, at 14 degrees c for mung bean (vigna radiata var berken) hypoco ... | 1986 | 16664907 |
| structure and characterization of a cdna clone for phenylalanine ammonia-lyase from cut-injured roots of sweet potato. | a cdna clone for phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (pal) induced in wounded sweet potato (ipomoea batatas lam.) root was obtained by immunoscreening a cdna library. the protein produced in escherichia coli cells containing the plasmid ppal02 was indistinguishable from sweet potato pal as judged by ouchterlony double diffusion assays. the m(r) of its subunit was 77,000. the cells converted [(14)c]-l-phenylalanine into [(14)c]-t-cinnamic acid and pal activity was detected in the homogenate of the cells. ... | 1989 | 16666943 |
| primary structure of sweet potato starch phosphorylase deduced from its cdna sequence. | sweet potato (ipomoea batatas) starch phosphorylase cdna clones were isolated by screening an expression library prepared from the young root poly(a)(+) rna successively with an antiserum, a monoclonal antibody, and a specific oligonucleotide probe. one cdna clone had 3292 nucleotide residues in which was contained an open reading frame coding for 955 amino acids. this sequence was compared with those of potato (916 residues plus 50-residue putative transit peptide) and rabbit muscle (841 residu ... | 1991 | 16668119 |
| phenylalanine ammonia-lyase from loblolly pine : purification of the enzyme and isolation of complementary dna clones. | phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (ec 4.3.1.5) has been purified from differentiating secondary xylem of loblolly pine (pinus taeda l.). native molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated to be 280,000, with a subunit molecular weight of 74,000; isoelectric point, 5.8; and michaelis constant for i-phenylalanine, 27 micromolar. no evidence was obtained for the existence of isoforms of the enzyme, nor for negative cooperativity of substrate binding. polyclonal antibodies were raised against the phenyla ... | 1992 | 16668639 |
| identification and localization of a rickettsia sp. in bemisia tabaci (homoptera: aleyrodidae). | whiteflies (homoptera: aleyrodidae) are sap-sucking insects that harbor "candidatus portiera aleyrodidarum," an obligatory symbiotic bacterium which is housed in a special organ called the bacteriome. these insects are also home for a diverse facultative microbial community which may include hamiltonella, arsenophonus, fritchea, wolbachia, and cardinium spp. in this study, the bacteria associated with a b biotype of the sweet potato whitefly bemisia tabaci were characterized using molecular fing ... | 2006 | 16672513 |
| effectiveness of two insect growth regulators against bemisia tabaci (gennadius) (homoptera: aleyrodidae) and helicoverpa armigera (hübner) (lepidoptera: noctuidae) and their impact on population densities of arthropod predators in cotton in pakistan. | field efficacies of two insect growth regulators (igrs) at two recommended application rates, buprofezin at 370 and 555 g ai ha(-1) and lufenuron at 37 and 49 g ai ha(-1), were determined against the sweet potato whitefly, bemisia tabaci (gennadius), and the cotton bollworm, helicoverpa armigera (hübner), in experimental plots of cotton at the directorate of cotton research, faisalabad, pakistan. adverse effects of the igrs on populations of associated arthropod predators, namely geocorids, chry ... | 2006 | 16862616 |
| food processing methods influence the glycaemic indices of some commonly eaten west indian carbohydrate-rich foods. | glycaemic index (gi) values for fourteen commonly eaten carbohydrate-rich foods processed by various methods were determined using ten healthy subjects. the foods studied were round leaf yellow yam (dioscorea cayenensis), negro and lucea yams (dioscorea rotundata), white and sweet yams (dioscorea alata), sweet potato (solanum tuberosum), irish potato (ipomoea batatas), coco yam (xanthosoma spp.), dasheen (colocasia esculenta), pumpkin (cucurbita moschata), breadfruit (artocarpus altilis), green ... | 2006 | 16925852 |
| electrophysiological and behavioral responses of a cuban population of the sweet potato weevil to its sex pheromone. | the sex pheromone of feral sweet potato weevils cylas formicarius elegantulus from cuba was found, via solid-phase microextraction analysis, to be identical to (z)-3-dodecenyl (e)-2-butenoate, a previously reported compound. females emitted 20 pg pheromone d(-1). in scanning electron microscopy studies carried out on the male antenna, we identified several types of sensilla: sensilla trichoidea of type 1 (st1) as long hairs (100-150 microm), sensilla trichoidea of type 2 as short hairs (50-60 mi ... | 2006 | 16977491 |
| determination of acylated anthocyanin in human urine after ingesting a purple-fleshed sweet potato beverage with various contents of anthocyanin by lc-esi-ms/ms. | eighty-seven healthy volunteers ingested a purple-fleshed sweet potato beverage with various contents of anthocyanin (beverage a; 22.1 mg/250 ml, b; 107.8, c; 84.9). an acylated anthocyanin, peonidin 3-caffeoylsophoroside-5-glucoside, was detected in the urine 2 h after ingestion. the concentrations were 15.1+/-2.2 microg/l of urine (mean+/-sem), 46.6+/-5.3, and 53.3+/-2.2 for beverages a, b, and c respectively. | 2006 | 17031052 |
| sweet potato [ipomoea batatas (l.) lam]. | among the available transformation methods reported on sweet potato, agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation is more successful and desirable. stem explants have shown to be ideal for the transformation of sweet potato because of their ready availability as explants, the simple transformation process, and high-frequency-regeneration via somatic embryogenesis. under the two-step kanamycin-hygromycin selection method and using the appropriate explants type (stem explants), the efficiency ... | 2006 | 17033049 |
| improved dry-fleshed sweetpotato genotypes resistant to insect pests. | thirty-five mostly dry-fleshed sweetpotato, ipomoea batatas (l.) lam. (convolvulaceae), genotypes from the usda-ars/clemson university sweetpotato breeding program were evaluated in nine field experiments at the u.s. vegetable laboratory, charleston, sc, from 1998 to 2004. there were highly significant entry effects for percentage of uninjured roots; wireworm, diabrotica, and systena (wds) index; percentage of roots damaged by sweetpotato weevil, cylas formicarius elegantulus (summers); percenta ... | 2006 | 17066825 |
| the broadly insecticidal photorhabdus luminescens toxin complex a (tca): activity against the colorado potato beetle, leptinotarsa decemlineata, and sweet potato whitefly, bemisia tabaci. | toxin complex a (tca), a high molecular weight insecticidal protein complex produced by the entomopathogenic bacterium photorhabdus luminescens, has been found to be orally toxic to both the colorado potato beetle, leptinotarsa decemlineata, and the sweet potato whitefly, bemisia tabaci biotype b. the 48 hour lc50 for tca against neonate l. decemlineata was found to be 2.7 ppm, and the growth of 2nd instar l. decemlineata exposed to tca for 72 hours was almost entirely inhibited at concentration ... | 2005 | 17119614 |
| biological and molecular variability among geographically diverse isolates of sweet potato virus 2. | sweet potato virus 2 (spv2) is a tentative member of the genus potyvirus, family potyviridae. in addition to the type isolate of spv2 recently characterised in greater detail, twelve additional isolates of this virus were obtained from sweet potato clones originating from china, portugal, south africa and zambia. sequences of the coat protein (cp) gene and 3' non-translated region (ntr) were determined. comparisons of the cp gene sequences of these isolates revealed nucleotide and amino acid seq ... | 2007 | 17136503 |
| [sweet potato in pre-columbian polynesia--an overview]. | an overview is presented on the reports available so far on sweet potato, ipomoea batatas, cultivated widely in polynesia in the pre-columbian era, with reference to possible ways and presumptive dates of transfer from the americas to polynesia, such as (1) polynesian navigators' travel to peru, (2) peruvian fishermen's drift westward, (3) vessel drift, (4) seed drift, (5) root-tuber drift, and (6) transport by birds. the author supports the case (1) as most plausible. ganshu or ganchu described ... | 2006 | 17139158 |
| analysis of transitive rna silencing after grafting in transgenic plants with the coat protein gene of sweet potato feathery mottle virus. | we have previously reported the graft transmission of target specificity for rna silencing using transgenic nicotiana benthamiana plants expressing the coat protein gene (cp, including the 3' non-translated region) of sweet potato feathery mottle virus. transgenic plants carrying the 5' 200 and 400 bp regions of cp were newly produced. from these plants, two silenced and two non-silenced lines were selected to investigate the manifestation of transitive rna silencing by graft experiments. non-si ... | 2007 | 17160454 |
| sequence analysis of the entire rna genome of a sweet potato chlorotic fleck virus isolate reveals that it belongs to a distinct carlavirus species. | since the paucity of information on sweet potato chlorotic fleck virus (spcfv) had precluded its classification, we have determined the complete nucleotide sequence of the single-stranded rna genome of a ugandan isolate of spcfv. the genome is 9104 nucleotides long (excluding the poly(a) tail) and potentially includes six open reading frames (orfs). based on genomic organisation and sequence similarity, spcfv appears to be a member of the genus carlavirus (family flexiviridae). however, spcfv is ... | 2007 | 17187295 |
| growth suppression of human cancer cells by polyphenolics from sweetpotato (ipomoea batatas l.) leaves. | sweetpotato leaves (ipomoea batatas l.) contain a high content of polyphenolics that consist of caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, 3,4-di-o-caffeoylquinic acid, 3,5-di-o-caffeoylquinic acid, 4,5-di-o-caffeoylquinic acid, and 3,4,5-tri-o-caffeoylquinic acid. we investigated the suppression of the proliferation of selected human cancer cells by phenolic compounds isolated from sweetpotato leaf. the human cancer cells used in this research included a stomach cancer (kato iii), a colon cancer (dld-1), ... | 2007 | 17199331 |
| molecular genetic studies of natives on easter island: evidence of an early european and amerindian contribution to the polynesian gene pool. | most archaeological and linguistic evidence suggest a polynesian origin of the population of easter island (rapanui), and this view has been supported by the identification of polynesian mitochondrial dna (mtdna) polymorphisms in prehistoric skeletal remains. however, some evidence of an early south american contact also exists (the sweet potato, bottle gourd etc.), but genetic studies have so far failed to show an early amerindian contribution to the gene pool on easter island. to address this ... | 2007 | 17212703 |
| molecular characterization of sweet potato leaf curl virus isolate from china (splcv-cn) and its phylogenetic relationship with other members of the geminiviridae. | a sweet potato-infecting sweet potato leaf curl virus (splcv) isolated in china was detected by polymerase chain reaction (pcr). pcr products amplified from dna-a were cloned and sequenced. the isolates of splcv from china(splcv-cn)has a genome organization similar to that of monopartite begomoviruses. the dna-a had two orfs (av1 and av2) in the virion sense and four orfs (ac1, ac2, ac3, and ac4) in the complementary sense, separated by an intergenic region (ir) containing a conserved stem-loop ... | 2007 | 17318425 |
| effects of purple sweet potato anthocyanins on development and intracellular redox status of bovine preimplantation embryos exposed to heat shock. | the development of cleavage stage preimplantation embryos is disrupted by exposure to heat shock, such as high temperatures in the summer season. in this study, we investigated whether addition of anthocyanins, which are strong scavengers of reactive oxygen species (ros), improves development and intracellular redox status of heat-exposed bovine preimplantation embryos by reduction of heat shock-derived oxidative stress. after in vitro fertilization (ivf), embryos were cultured at 38.5 c through ... | 2007 | 17325453 |
| the mi-1-mediated pest resistance requires hsp90 and sgt1. | the tomato (solanum lycopersicum) mi-1 gene encodes a protein with putative coiled-coil nucleotide-binding site and leucine-rich repeat motifs. mi-1 confers resistance to root-knot nematodes (meloidogyne spp.), potato aphids (macrosiphum euphorbiae), and sweet potato whitefly (bemisia tabaci). to identify genes required in the mi-1-mediated resistance to nematodes and aphids, we used tobacco rattle virus (trv)-based virus-induced gene silencing (vigs) to repress candidate genes and assay for nem ... | 2007 | 17351050 |
| simultaneous overexpression of both cuzn superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase in transgenic tall fescue plants confers increased tolerance to a wide range of abiotic stresses. | to mitigate the oxidative damage inflicted by biotic or abiotic stresses, plants have evolved complex anti-oxidative defense mechanisms that involve induction of antioxidant and anti-oxidative enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (sod) and ascorbate peroxidase (apx). to determine whether overexpression of the genes encoding copper-zinc sod (cuznsod) and apx in plants is capable of decreasing reactive oxygen species (ros) produced in response to abiotic stresses, we generated transgenic tall fes ... | 2007 | 17360071 |
| lactic acid fermentation of beta-carotene rich sweet potato (ipomoea batatas l.) into lacto-juice. | lacto-juices processed by lactic acid fermentation bring about a change in the beverage assortment for their high nutritive value, vitamins and minerals which are beneficial to human health when consumed. sweet potato roots (non-boiled/ fully-boiled) were fermented with lactobacillus plantarum mtcc 1407 at 28 +/- 2 degrees c for 48 h to make lacto- juice. during fermentation both analytical [ph, titratable acidity, lactic acid, starch, total sugar, reducing sugar (g/kg roots), total phenol and b ... | 2007 | 17370124 |
| sweet potato: a review of its past, present, and future role in human nutrition. | the overall objective of this chapter is to review the past, present, and future role of the sweet potato (ipomoea batatas [l.] lam) in human nutrition. specifically, the chapter describes the role of the sweet potato in human diets; outlines the biochemical and nutritional composition of the sweet potato with emphasis on its beta-carotene and anthocyanin contents; highlights sweet potato utilization, and its potential as value-added products in human food systems; and demonstrates the potential ... | 2007 | 17425943 |
| assessment of risk of introduction of cylas formicarius elegantulus (coleoptera: brentidae) into weevil-free areas in the southern united states. | we assessed the risk associated with introduction of sweet potato weevil, cylas formicarius elegantulus (summers) (coleoptera: brentidae), from infested areas to noninfested areas via shipment of sweet potato, ipomoea batatas (l.), roots within the southern united states. our study quantifies the effectiveness of risk mitigation procedures of sweet potatoes before shipment in relation to introduction of the weevil. the risk assessment relied on literature and expert information to determine appr ... | 2007 | 17461052 |
| effects of dietary administration of plant-derived anthocyanin-rich colors to spontaneously hypertensive rats. | anthocyanins have beneficial effects such as free radical scavenging activity. we investigated the effects of continuous administration of colors from purple corn (pcc), purple sweet potato (psc) and red radish (rrc) to spontaneously hypertensive rats (shr). these are rich in anthocyanins. animals were fed with diets containing pcc, psc or rrc (1 mass% of diets) for 15 wk. while the body weight and the daily food intake of administered rats were not different from those of the non-administered c ... | 2007 | 17484387 |
| cytosine methylation is associated with rna silencing in silenced plants but not with systemic and transitive rna silencing through grafting. | rna silencing is often associated with methylation of the target gene. the dna methylation level of transgenes was investigated in post-transcriptionally silenced or non-silenced nicotiana benthamiana carrying either the 5' region (200 or 400 bp) or the entire region of the coat protein gene (cp, including the 3' non-translated region) of sweet potato feathery mottle virus. higher levels of transgene cytosine methylation were observed in both symmetrical (cpg, cpnpg) and non-symmetrical (cphph) ... | 2007 | 17521830 |
| effects of anthocyanin-rich purple potato flakes on antioxidant status in f344 rats fed a cholesterol-rich diet. | we examined the antioxidant effects of polyphenol/anthocyanin-rich potato (solanum tuberosum cv. shadow-queen) flakes in male rats fed a high-cholesterol diet. the rats were served either a high-cholesterol (0.5% cholesterol plus 0.125% sodium cholate) diet, or a high-cholesterol diet containing a mixture of 243 g alpha-maize starch/kg supplemented with one of the following (per kg diet): 300 g medium purple potato (shadow-queen), 300 g white potato (solanum tuberosum cv. toyoshiro) or 300 g dar ... | 2007 | 17559701 |
| bone and faecal minerals and scanning electron microscopic assessments of femur in rats fed phytic acid extract from sweet potato (ipomoea batatas). | phytic acid was extracted from sweet potato (ipomoea batatas) and fed to wistar rats with or without zinc for 3 weeks. animals were then sacrificed and bone and faecal minerals were assessed. the ultra-structure of the bones was examined via scanning electron microscopy. phytic acid extract or commercial phytic acid supplemented diets (d + zn + pe or d + pe) displayed reduced bone calcium levels (101.27 +/- 59.11 and 119.27 +/- 45.36 g/kg) compared to the other test groups. similarly, reduced ca ... | 2008 | 17562130 |
| inhibition of reactive nitrogen species in vitro and ex vivo by trypsin inhibitor from sweet potato 'tainong 57' storage roots. | peroxynitrite (onoo-), formed from a reaction of superoxide and nitric oxide, is one of the most potent cytotoxic species known to oxidize cellular constituents including essential proteins, lipids, and dna. onoo- induces cellular and tissue injury, resulting in several human diseases such as alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis, and stroke. due to the lack of endogenous enzymes responsible for onoo- scavenging activity, finding a specific onoo- scavenger is of considerable importance. in this s ... | 2007 | 17602566 |
| inhibition of the gene expression for granule-bound starch synthase i by rna interference in sweet potato plants. | granule-bound starch synthase i (gbssi) is one of the key enzymes catalyzing the formation of amylose, a linear alpha(1,4)d-glucan polymer, from adp-glucose. amylose-free transgenic sweet potato plants were produced by inhibiting sweet potato gbssi gene expression through rna interference. the gene construct consisting of an inverted repeat of the first exon separated by intron 1 of gbssi driven by the camv 35s promoter was integrated into the sweet potato genome by agrobacterium tumefaciens-med ... | 2007 | 17622537 |
| biotype-dependent secondary symbiont communities in sympatric populations of bemisia tabaci. | the sweet potato whitefly, bemisia tabaci, harbors portiera aleyrodidarum, an obligatory symbiotic bacterium, as well as several secondary symbionts including rickettsia, hamiltonella, wolbachia, arsenophonus, cardinium and fritschea, the function of which is unknown. bemisia tabaci is a species complex composed of numerous biotypes, which may differ from each other both genetically and biologically. only the b and q biotypes have been reported from israel. secondary symbiont infection frequenci ... | 2007 | 17645822 |
| localization of sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus (spcsv) in synergic infection with potyviruses in sweet potato. | among diseases reported worldwidely for sweet potato (ipomoea batatas (l) lam) crop, one of the most frequent is the sweet potato virus disease (spvd), caused by sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus (spcsv) and sweet potato feathery mottle virus (spfmv) co-infection. in argentina, there exists the sweet potato chlorotic dwarf (spcd), a sweet potato disease caused by triple co-infection with spcsv, spfmv and sweet potato mild speckling virus (spmsv). both diseases cause a synergism between the poty ... | 2007 | 17665636 |
| [the effect of infection by fusarium solani f. sp. batatas on endogenous hormone levels in sweet potato seedling]. | the endogenous hormone aba concentrations increased in the leaves, shoots and roots of sweet potato plants infected with fusarium solani f. sp. batatas (fsb) or treated by its culture filtrate. the accumulation of aba occurred firstly in the roots, but the highest concentration was in the shoots. the endogenous ga(1/3) concentration of leaves, shoots and roots of infected sweet potato kept at markedly low levels during the period of experiments.the aba concentration of sweet potato seedlings inc ... | 2007 | 17675755 |
| co-producing lipopeptides and poly-gamma-glutamic acid by solid-state fermentation of bacillus subtilis using soybean and sweet potato residues and its biocontrol and fertilizer synergistic effects. | a bacillus subtilis strain b6-1, previously isolated from the rhizosphere of vegetable, selectively produced antibiotics or poly-gamma-glutamic acid (gamma-pga) in two kinds of liquid media and their co-productions were obtained when using soybean and sweet potato residues in solid-state fermentation. the antibiotics were purified and identified as fengycins. after these residue cultures were introduced, cucumber wilts were effectively suppressed. the introduction also significantly increased th ... | 2008 | 17681465 |
| effect of synthetic polylysine on fungi. | the synthetic, basic poly-alpha-amino acid, polylysine, had antifungal activity against plant pathogens (three strains of fusaria, three isolates of verticillia, and ceratocystis fimbriata) and against the human pathogens (trichophyton mentagrophytes, t. rubrum, and candida albicans) in vitro. it inhibited penetration of ceratocystis fimbriata on sweet potato slices. polylysine inhibited the infection of tomato cuttings by flsarium oxysporum f. lycopersici, but it was also toxic to the plants. | 1960 | 17747266 |
| monoclonal antibodies against the aster yellows agent. | hybridoma clones secreting specific monoclonal antibodies against the aster yellows agent, a mycoplasma-like organism, were produced by using partially purified salivary gland preparations from infected leafhopper vectors as the immunogen. after 3947 hybridomas from 20 independent fusions were screened for specific antibody against the aster yellows agent, two table clones were obtained. with these monoclonal antibodies the aster yellows agent in diseased lettuce, periwinkles, and inoculative in ... | 1985 | 17757867 |
| diversity and evolutionary relationship of nucleotide binding site-encoding disease-resistance gene analogues in sweet potato (ipomoea batatas lam.). | most plant disease-resistance genes (r-genes) isolated so far encode proteins with a nucleotide binding site (nbs) domain and belong to a superfamily. nbs domains related to r-genes show a highly conserved backbone of an amino acid motif, which makes it possible to isolate resistance gene analogues (rgas) by degenerate primers. degenerate primers based on the conserved motif (p-loop and glpl) of the nbs domain from r -genes were used to isolate rgas from the genomic dna of sweet potato cultivar ... | 2007 | 17762144 |
| melanesian prehistory: some recent advances. | human occupation of new guinea had begun 50,000 years ago, but islands further east were settled only in recent times. in part of the new guinea highlands, wet and dry horticultural systems began by 9000 years ago. local intensification is evident until the present, but only the most recent major crop (sweet potato, which has been grown in the region for less than 300 years) is documented. on the south coast, exchange systems and economies locally diversify over the last two millennia. in the me ... | 1980 | 17795991 |
| content and in-vitro accessibility of pro-vitamin a carotenoids from sri lankan cooked non-leafy vegetables and their estimated contribution to vitamin a requirement. | vitamin a deficiency is a public health problem in sri lanka, which affects especially pre-school children. carrots (daucus carota), pumpkins (cucurbita maxima), squashes (cucurbita moschata) and sweet potatoes (ipomoea batatas) of orange, yellow-fleshed varieties are good sources of provitamin a carotenoids, but have not been studied in sri lanka in terms of the food as eaten. the content of carotenoids in each preparation method and the in-vitro accessibility of beta-carotene and alpha-caroten ... | 2007 | 17852483 |
| total phenolics and antioxidant capacity of indigenous vegetables in the southeast united states: alabama collaboration for cardiovascular equality project. | collard greens, mustard greens, kale, okra, green onion, butter beans, butter peas, purple hull peas, rutabagas, and eggplant are frequently consumed by african americans in the southeast united states. sweet potato greens and purslane are two novel vegetables in this region. the objective of this study was to analyze total phenolics and antioxidant capacity in these indigenous vegetables. the total phenolic content was analyzed using the folin-ciocalteu method and ranged from 7.4 to 53.5 mg gal ... | 2007 | 17886092 |
| identification and sequence analysis of potyviruses infecting crops in vietnam. | fifty-two virus isolates from 13 distinct potyvirus species infecting crops in vietnam were identified and the 3' region of each genome was sequenced. the viruses were: bean common mosaic virus (bcmv), potato virus y (pvy), sugarcane mosaic virus (scmv), sorghum mosaic virus (srmv), chilli veinal mottle virus (chivmv), zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv), leek yellow stripe virus (lymv), shallot yellow stripe virus (sysv), onion yellow dwarf virus (oydv), turnip mosaic virus (tumv), dasheen mosa ... | 2008 | 17906829 |
| purification, cloning and characterization of a novel peroxidase isozyme from sweetpotatoes (ipomoea batatas). | an anionic peroxidase from sweetpotato tubers is purified and characterized. the isozyme ibprx15 is purified to homogeneity by affinity chromatography using a concanavalin a column. the isoelectric point was determined to pi 4.9. maldi-ms detected a singly charged molecule with a mass of 42029 da. absorption spectra of ibprx15 compounds i, ii and iii were obtained after treatment with h(2)o(2) at room temperature. comparative data of ibprx15 on substrate specificity to tobacco anionic peroxidase ... | 2007 | 17936696 |
| nutritional and safety assessments of foods and feeds nutritionally improved through biotechnology: lysine maize as a case study. | during the last decade, the area of biotech crops modified for agronomic input traits (e.g., herbicide tolerance and insect protection) has increased to 90 million halyear, grown by over 8 million farmers in a total of 17 countries. as adoption of these improved agronomic trait biotech crops has grown, so has interest in biotech crops that have improved nutritional characteristics for use as feed and food. a previous publication by the international life sciences institute (ilsi) reported on the ... | 2007 | 17955996 |
| molecular variability of sweet potato feathery mottle virus and other potyviruses infecting sweet potato in peru. | several potyviruses are found infecting sweet potato (ipomoea batatas) in peru, of which sweet potato feathery mottle virus (spfmv, genus potyvirus) is the most common. however, sequence data for these viruses are not available from peru. in this study, the 3'-terminal approximately 1,800 nucleotide sequences of 17 potyvirus samples collected from the six main sweet potato-producing areas of peru over the past 20 years were determined and analyzed. results of sequence comparisons and phylogeneti ... | 2008 | 18172571 |
| suspected sweet potato poisoning in cattle in the uk. | | 2008 | 18192661 |
| analysis of gene content in sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus rna1 reveals the presence of the p22 rna silencing suppressor in only a few isolates: implications for viral evolution and synergism. | sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus (genus crinivirus) belongs to the family closteroviridae, members of which have a conserved overall genomic organization but are variable in gene content. in the bipartite criniviruses, heterogeneity is pronounced in the 3'-proximal region of rna1, which in sweet potato chlorotic stuat virus (spcsv) encodes two novel proteins, rnase3 (rnase iii endonuclease) and p22 (rna silencing suppressor). this study showed that two ugandan spcsv isolates contained the p22 ... | 2008 | 18198389 |
| historical evidence for a pre-columbian presence of datura in the old world and implications for a first millennium transfer from the new world. | datura (solanaceae)is a small genus of plants that,for long, was thought to occur naturally in both the new and old worlds. however, recent studies indicate that all species in the genus originated in the americas. this finding has prompted the conclusion that no species of datura could have been present in the old world prior to its introduction there by europeans in the early 16th century ce. further, the textual evidence traditionally cited in support of a pre-columbian old world presence of ... | 2007 | 18202447 |
| overexpression of sweetpotato swpa4 peroxidase results in increased hydrogen peroxide production and enhances stress tolerance in tobacco. | plant peroxidases (pod) reduce hydrogen peroxide (h(2)o(2)) in the presence of an electron donor. extracellular pod can also induce h(2)o(2) production and may perform a significant function in responses to environmental stresses via the regulation of h(2)o(2) in plants. we previously described the isolation of 10 pod cdna clones from cell cultures of sweetpotato (ipomoea batatas). among them, the expression of the swpa4 gene was profoundly induced by a variety of abiotic stresses and pathogenic ... | 2008 | 18224366 |
| inherited intracellular ecosystem: symbiotic bacteria share bacteriocytes in whiteflies. | symbiotic relationships with bacteria are common within the arthropoda, with interactions that substantially influence the biology of both partners. the symbionts' spatial distribution is essential for understanding key aspects of this relationship, such as bacterial transmission, phenotype, and dynamics. in this study, fluorescence in situ hybridization was used to localize five secondary symbionts from various populations and biotypes of the sweet potato whitefly bemisia tabaci: hamiltonella, ... | 2008 | 18285399 |
| purple sweet potato color repairs d-galactose-induced spatial learning and memory impairment by regulating the expression of synaptic proteins. | purple sweet potato color (pspc), a class of naturally occurring anthocyanins used to color food (e163), has been reported to possess a variety of biological activities, including anti-oxidant, anti-tumor, and anti-inflammatory. the effect of pspc on the spatial learning and memory of mice treated with d-galactose (d-gal) was evaluated by the morris water maze; d-gal-treated mice had decreased performance compared with mice in the vehicle and pspc groups, while the pspc+d-gal group showed signif ... | 2008 | 18316211 |
| learning from others' mistakes in capuchin monkeys (cebus apella). | we investigated whether tufted capuchin monkeys (cebus apella) learn from others' mistakes. we prepared three kinds of transparent containers having the same appearance: one that could be opened by the lid, one that could be opened from the bottom, and one that could be opened either way. using each of the first two one-way-open type containers, the monkeys were trained to copy the human demonstrator's action to open the container and obtain a piece of sweet potato contained therein. after this ... | 2008 | 18320243 |