| carbohydrates in the cell surface of hair cells from the guinea pig cochlea. | the presence of cell surface carbohydrates was investigated in intact, non-fixed outer hair cells (ohcs) of guinea pigs using fluorescein isothiocyanate (fitc) and rhodamine (tritc) lectins. by means of wheat germ agglutinin (wga) n-acetyl-d-glucosamine was shown in the entire ohc membrane, including the stereocilia. binding of wga in ohcs to neuraminic acid was excluded by preincubation with neuraminidase. moreover, fitc-limulus polyphemus, a specific lectin for neuraminic acid, showed no fluor ... | 1992 | 1581047 |
| a direct neural projection from the intergeniculate leaflet of the lateral geniculate nucleus to the deep pineal gland of the rat, demonstrated with phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin. | the anterograde tracer phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l) was injected into different subregions of the rat lateral geniculate nucleus. after a survival for 5-10 days, the rats were fixed by perfusion with 4% paraformaldehyde, whereafter the brains were cut in a cryostat and the tracer was localized by immunohistochemistry. after deposits of pha-l involving the intergeniculate leaflet, a high number of pha-l-immunoreactive fibers were observed to project directly into the posterior commi ... | 1990 | 1698506 |
| structures of sugar chains of the subunits of an alpha-amylase inhibitor from phaseolus vulgaris white kidney beans. | the structures of asparagine-linked oligosaccharides in the subunits of an alpha-amylase inhibitor from the white kidney bean (phaseolus vulgaris) were determined. glycopeptides obtained from each subunit were treated with hydrazine, then n-acetylated. the oligosaccharides thus liberated were labeled with 2-aminopyridine at their reducing ends and purified by gel-permeation, reverse-phase, and size-fractionation hplc. the structures of seven oligosaccharides from the alpha-subunit and eight olig ... | 1992 | 1587803 |
| projections from the lateral geniculate nucleus to the hypothalamus of the mongolian gerbil (meriones unguiculatus): an anterograde and retrograde tracing study. | the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus sends efferents to the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus, which is involved in generation and entrainment of several circadian rhythms. it seems reasonable to believe that the lateral geniculate conveys visual information about the length of the photoperiod to the circadian oscillator. in order to study in more detail the topographical relationship between the lateral geniculate and the suprachiasmatic nucleus, anterograde tracing with phaseolus ... | 1990 | 1700802 |
| delta-aminolevulinate uptake by rhizobium bacteroids and its limitation by the peribacteroid membrane in legume nodules. | heme is overproduced during rhizobium-legume symbiosis and delta-aminolevulinate (ala) is a common precursor in both bacterial and plant synthesis pathways of this molecule. ala uptake by bacteroids from french bean and soybean nodules was characterized. the action of several metabolic inhibitors and the competition effect of malate on this uptake were studied. ala transport appeared to be mediated by the dicarboxylate carrier system. purified symbiosomes--bacteroids surrounded by the peribacter ... | 1992 | 1590795 |
| organization of amygdaloid projections to brainstem dopaminergic, noradrenergic, and adrenergic cell groups in the rat. | the distribution of amygdaloid axons in the various brainstem dopaminergic, noradrenergic, and adrenergic cell groups was examined. this was accomplished by means of the phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin lectin (pha-l) anterograde tracing technique combined with glucose-oxidase immunocytochemistry to catecholamine markers (i.e., tyrosine hydroxylase, dopamine beta hydroxylase, and phenylethanolamine n-methyltransferase). injections of pha-l in the medial part of the central amygdaloid nucleus r ... | 1992 | 1591601 |
| specificity of corticospinal axon arbors sprouting into denervated contralateral spinal cord. | previous studies have reported considerable plasticity in the rodent corticospinal pathway in response to injury. this includes sprouting of intact axons from the normal pathway into the contralateral spinal cord denervated by an early corticospinal lesion. we carried out the present study to obtain detailed information about the time course, origin, and degree of specificity of corticospinal axons sprouting in response to denervation. hamsters (mesocricetus auratus) ranging in age from 5 to 23 ... | 1990 | 1702111 |
| thalamic connections of the second somatic sensory area in cats studied with anterograde and retrograde tract-tracing techniques. | the thalamic connections of the second somatosensory area in the anterior ectosylvian gyrus of cats have been investigated using the retrograde tracer horseradish peroxidase and the anterograde tracer phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin. horseradish peroxidase was injected iontophoretically in several somatotopic zones of the second somatosensory area map of six cats. sites of horseradish peroxidase delivery were identified preliminarily by recording with microelectrodes the responses of neurons ... | 1992 | 1594098 |
| compartmental distribution of ventral striatal neurons projecting to the mesencephalon in the rat. | the ventral striatum is characterized by an intricate neurochemical compartmentation that is reflected in the distribution of most of its afferent fiber systems. in the present study, the compartmental relationships of ventral striatal neurons projecting to the mesencephalon were studied by combining tract tracing with the immunohistochemical localization of leu-enkephalin. injections of the retrograde tracer cholera toxin subunit b were placed at various sites in the ventral mesencephalon. the ... | 1992 | 1607929 |
| alterations in the level of insulin receptor and glut-4 mrna in skeletal muscle from rats fed a kidney bean (phaseolus vulgaris) diet. | 1. a decline in the level of circulating insulin was observed in rats fed a diet containing kidney bean. 2. consumption of a diet containing kidney bean caused an increase in the level of mrnas for the insulin receptor (327%) and glut-4 (185%) in the gastrocnemius muscle. in contrast there was only a small increase in the amount of actin mrna (125%). since the kidney bean-fed rats are euglycaemic the results suggest that insulin receptor and glut-4 mrna levels are regulated in response to circul ... | 1992 | 1612180 |
| projections from the nucleus accumbens to cholinergic neurons of the ventral pallidum: a correlated light and electron microscopic double-immunolabeling study in rat. | a correlated light- and electron microscopic double-immunolabeling study combining choline acetyltransferase immunocytochemistry with anterograde tracing of phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l) revealed that axons of the nucleus accumbens terminate on cholinergic neurons of the ventral pallidum. these findings are discussed with respect to the possibility that these cholinergic neurons may be part of parallel circuits, providing feedback to the same cortical and amygdaloid areas which inne ... | 1992 | 1617433 |
| efferent connections of the centromedian and parafascicular thalamic nuclei in the squirrel monkey: a light and electron microscopic study of the thalamostriatal projection in relation to striatal heterogeneity. | the organization of the thalamostriatal projections arising from the centromedian (cm) and parafascicular (pf) thalamic nuclei in the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus) was studied at both light and electron microscopic levels. following selective injections of the anterograde axonal tracer phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin (pha-l) into the cm or pf, patterns of terminal arborization within the striatum were compared to the biochemical heterogeneity of the striatum as revealed by immunohistoche ... | 1992 | 1619051 |
| direct projections from the globus pallidus to the midbrain and pons in the cat. | employing the anterograde and retrograde axonal tracing techniques with phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin and cholera toxin b subunit, we demonstrated direct projections from the globus pallidus (gp) to the midbrain and pons in the cat. cells of origin of these projections were localized in the caudal 2/3 of the gp, and their major target sites included the peripeduncular region, nucleus of the brachium of the inferior colliculus, para-lateral lemniscal zone, nucleus sagulum, external and peric ... | 1992 | 1625791 |
| mechanisms of skin adherence, penetration and tissue necrosis production by haemophilus ducreyi, the causative agent of chancroid. | haemophilus ducreyi (h. ducreyi) strains, representing both reference strains and low-passage isolates, were investigated in terms of surface structures and enzymatic equipment. the interaction of these factors with host tissue was analysed using new in vitro- and in vivo-models. by electron microscopy studies there was no evidence of an extracellular capsule or surface appendages such as pili or flagella. interaction of all isolates tested with the lectin phaseolus vulgaris suggests n-acetyl-d- ... | 1992 | 1636361 |
| the relationship between ventral striatal efferent fibers and the distribution of peptide-positive woolly fibers in the forebrain of the rhesus monkey. | peptidergic fibers in the globus pallidus of the monkey appear in the morphological form referred to as woolly fibers. these fibers are composed of a dense plexus of thin beaded axons which ensheath an unstained central core. such structures are not confined to the globus pallidus, but are also present in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, the hypothalamus, the dorsal part of the amygdala, and ventrally in the basal forebrain. the present study describes the relationship between projection ... | 1990 | 1708114 |
| the inhibitory effects of hull polysaccharides and tannins of field beans (vicia faba l.) on the digestion of amino acids, starch and lipid and on digestive enzyme activities in young chicks. | the effects of polysaccharides and tannins present in the hulls of field beans (vicia faba l.) on the digestion of amino acids, starch and lipid were studied in poultry. a control diet without hulls and the same diet substituted with 400 g hulls/kg diet from three different varieties of beans were fed to 3-week-old chicks for 4 d. digestibility coefficients for amino acids, starch and lipid were calculated from measurements made of these nutrients in the diets and the freeze-dried excreta with t ... | 1991 | 1645991 |
| demonstration of projections from the lateral nucleus to the basal nucleus of the amygdala: a pha-l study in the monkey. | previous studies of the intrinsic connections of the amygdaloid complex in the rat, cat and monkey demonstrated that the lateral nucleus projects prominently to the accessory basal nucleus and periamygdaloid cortex and lightly to several other nuclei of the amygdala. most previous studies have emphasized the lack of a connection between the lateral and basal nuclei. as part of ongoing studies of the intrinsic circuitry of the monkey amygdala, we have placed discrete, iontophoretic injections of ... | 1991 | 1709111 |
| a direct neuronal projection from the entopeduncular nucleus to the globus pallidus. a pha-l anterograde tracing study in the rat. | the efferent projections of the rat entopeduncular nucleus were examined by use of the anterogradely transported lectin phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin (pha-l). injections of pha-l into different parts of the entopeduncular nucleus resulted in a moderate number of labeled nerve fibers in the ipsilateral globus pallidus. the fibers displayed a heterogeneous morphology: some were of small caliber with few delicate varicosities, others were of medium caliber with several more bulbous nerve termi ... | 1991 | 1647254 |
| patterns of direct projections from the hippocampus to the medial septum-diagonal band complex: anterograde tracing with phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin combined with immunohistochemistry of choline acetyltransferase. | the projections from the ammon's horn to the cholinergic cell groups in the medial septal and diagonal band nuclei were investigated with anterograde tracing of phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin combined with immunocytochemical detection of choline acetyltransferase, in the rat. tracer injections were placed into various fields of the septal and temporal parts of the ammon's horn (ca1-3). these injections revealed differential distributions of phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin-labeled projecti ... | 1991 | 1656317 |
| evidence for a projection from the globus pallidus to the entopeduncular nucleus in the rat. | iontophoretic injections of the fluorescent retrograde tract tracer, fluoro-gold, into the entopeduncular nucleus of the rat (homologous to the internal segment of the primate globus pallidus) resulted in a substantial number of retrogradely labeled neurons in the ipsilateral globus pallidus (homologous to the external segment of the primate globus pallidus). in experiments confirming this projection, iontophoretic injections of the anterograde tract tracer, phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin, i ... | 1991 | 1656332 |
| the basal forebrain cholinergic system: efferent and afferent connectivity and long-term effects of lesions. | the first part of this article deals with several aspects of efferents and afferents of the rat basal forebrain cholinergic system (bfchs) studied with anterograde transport of phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l). pha-l tracing of the bfchs efferents revealed topographically differentiated axonal trajectories and patterns of presynaptic endings to the neocortex, mesocortex, olfactory nuclei and hippocampus. combining this method with second immunolabeling, we identified the muscarinic cho ... | 1991 | 1680268 |
| low membrane transport activity for cystine in resting and mitogenically stimulated human lymphocyte preparations and human t cell clones. | in order to determine whether the cysteine requirement of human t lineage cells is met primarily by extracellular cysteine or by cystine, amino-acid-transport activities were measured in resting and mitogenically stimulated human peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbl) and several human t cell clones and t cell tumors. the transport activity of the small neutral amino acids cysteine and alanine (asc system) and the transport of the cationic amino acid arginine (y+ system) were found to be markedly in ... | 1991 | 1680678 |
| locus coeruleus projections to the dorsal motor vagus nucleus in the rat. | the origin of the noradrenergic innervation of the preganglionic autonomic nuclei in the medulla oblongata and spinal cord is still controversial. in this investigation descending connections of the locus coeruleus to the dorsal motor vagus nucleus in the rat are studied with phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin and horseradish peroxidase as neuroanatomical tracers. locus coeruleus projections in the motor vagus nucleus are found in the medial part at rostral levels and in the lateral part at inte ... | 1991 | 1684412 |
| gabaergic interneurons containing calbindin d28k or somatostatin are major targets of gabaergic basal forebrain afferents in the rat neocortex. | the arborization pattern and postsynaptic targets of the gabaergic component of the basal forebrain projection to neo- and mesocortical areas have been studied by the combination of anterograde tracing and pre- and postembedding immunocytochemistry. phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (phal) was iontophoretically delivered into the region of the diagonal band of broca, with some spread of the tracer into the substantia innominata and ventral pallidum. a large number of anterogradely labelled vari ... | 1991 | 1686776 |
| structures of the asparagine-linked oligosaccharide chains of human von willebrand factor. occurrence of blood group a, b, and h(o) structures. | the asparagine-linked oligosaccharide chains of human von willebrand factor (vwf) purified from pooled plasma were quantitatively liberated from the polypeptide moiety by hydrazinolysis. after n-acetylation, these were fractionated by paper electrophoresis and sequential chromatography on lectin-affinity columns of concanavalin a, phaseolus vulgaris erythrophytohemagglutinin, datura stramonium agglutinin, ricinus communis agglutinin 120, and ulex europaeus agglutinin i and on a bio-gel p-4 colum ... | 1992 | 1577715 |
| efferent projections of different subpopulations of central noradrenaline neurons. | early anatomical studies of the projections of central noradrenergic (na) neurons led to the widely accepted view of na cells as a class of diffusely projecting neurons. this view greatly influenced the formulation of numerous hypotheses about the functional role of these neurons in the central nervous system (cns). with the introduction of transmitter-specific retrograde and anterograde transport methods, two powerful tools became available to rigorously re-examine whether the projections of na ... | 1991 | 1687624 |
| connections of the parabrachial nucleus with the nucleus of the solitary tract and the medullary reticular formation in the rat. | we examined the subnuclear organization of projections to the parabrachial nucleus (pb) from the nucleus of the solitary tract (nts), area postrema, and medullary reticular formation in the rat by using the anterograde and retrograde transport of wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase conjugate and anterograde tracing with phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin. different functional regions of the nts/area postrema complex and medullary reticular formation were found to innervate largely nonov ... | 1990 | 1691748 |
| the output neurones and the dopaminergic neurones of the substantia nigra receive a gaba-containing input from the globus pallidus in the rat. | one of the major pathways of information flow through the basal ganglia is the pallidonigrofugal system. in order to better understand this system in the rat, experiments have been performed to study the topography, synaptic organization, and neurotransmitter content of the pallidonigral projection and to determine whether the pallidonigral neurones make direct synaptic contacts with nigrofugal cells. this was achieved by combining the anterograde transport of the lectin phaseolus vulgaris-leuco ... | 1990 | 1694189 |
| projections from the medial agranular cortex to brain stem visuomotor centers in rats. | projections from medial agranular cortex to brain stem in rat were determined by use of the anterograde tracers phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, or wheat germ agglutinin conjugated horseradish peroxidase. axonal trajectories were also followed by means of the wiitanen modification of the fink-heimer degeneration technique. agm was identified on the basis of its cytoarchitectonics. agm projected to the anterior pretectal nucleus, the rostral interstitial nucleus of the medial longitudinal fasc ... | 1990 | 1696906 |
| structure-function relationships in rat brain stem subnucleus interpolaris. viii. cortical inputs. | 1. spinal trigeminal (spv) subnucleus interpolaris (spvi) receives inputs from trigeminal (v) first- and second-order neurons, monoamine-containing brain stem nuclei, and somatosensory cortex. prior studies suggest that spvi receptive-field (rf) properties cannot be predicted solely on the basis of primary afferent inputs. to assess the cortico-v projection and its role in spvi rfs, anatomic and electrophysiological experiments were conducted. 2. phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l) or whe ... | 1990 | 1696961 |
| septal gabaergic neurons innervate inhibitory interneurons in the hippocampus of the macaque monkey. | the septohippocampal projection was visualized in three macaca mulatta monkeys by anterograde transport of phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin. following injections of the lectin into the medial septal nucleus, p. vulgaris leucoagglutinin-labelled fibres were found in the hippocampal complex, mainly in stratum oriens of the ca1 subfield, throughout the ca3 subfield, and in the hilus and stratum moleculare of the dentate gyrus. the majority of labelled axons were varicose, and formed multiple cont ... | 1991 | 1714548 |
| rhizobium tropici, a novel species nodulating phaseolus vulgaris l. beans and leucaena sp. trees. | a new rhizobium species that nodulates phaseolus vulgaris l. and leucaena spp. is proposed on the basis of the results of multilocus enzyme electrophoresis, dna-dna hybridization, an analysis of ribosomal dna organization, a sequence analysis of 16s rdna, and an analysis of phenotypic characteristics. this taxon, rhizobium tropici sp. nov., was previously named rhizobium leguminosarum biovar phaseoli (type ii strains) and was recognized by its host range (which includes leucaena spp.) and nif ge ... | 1991 | 1715738 |
| amygdaloid projections to the frontal cortex and the striatum in the rat. | projections from the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala (bla) to the frontal cortex and the striatum were studied by using phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin (pha-l) anterograde tracing technique in the rat. pha-l injections into the rostral part of the bla resulted in a dense labeling of fibers with boutons in the dorsal bank of the rhinal fissure and in the lateral and the medial agranular cortex. pha-l injections into the caudal part of the bla produced a dense labeling of fibers in the medi ... | 1990 | 1698828 |
| efferent projections of the infralimbic cortex of the rat. | on the basis of stimulation studies, it has been proposed that the infralimbic cortex (ilc), brodmann area 25, may serve as an autonomic motor cortex. to explore this hypothesis, we have combined anterograde tracing with phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l) and retrograde tracing with wheat germ aggutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (wga-hrp) to determine the efferent projections from the ilc. axons exit the ilc in one of three efferent pathways. the dorsal pathway ascends through ... | 1991 | 1716270 |
| distribution of the efferent projections of the rat posterior thalamic nucleus as revealed by phaseolus vulgaris immunohistochemistry. | following iontophoretic injection of phaseolus vulgaris in the rat posterior thalamic nucleus (pt) dense terminal fields were labeled in the ipsilateral red nucleus, zona incerta, intermediate and deep layers of the superior colliculus, pretectum, basilar pontine gray, and dorsal pole of the caudal division of the ventral lateral thalamic nucleus. several other structures were more sparsely labeled; the reticular gigantocellular and pontine oral nuclei, nucleus of the mesencephalic tract of the ... | 1990 | 1701466 |
| patchy intrinsic connections of the ferret primary auditory cortex. | small iontophoretic injections, of the leucoagglutinin extracted from phaseolus vulgaris (pha-l), were made at a depth of 600 microns, into the ferret primary auditory cortex (ai). the lectin anterogradely labelled the axons of pyramidal cells located in the upper layers. the axons had collaterals which terminated in 5-8 columns within ai. the columns were 0.25-0.8 mm in diameter and, based on their position, appeared to be in areas of cortex where the cells would have higher and lower as well a ... | 1991 | 1717047 |
| a neuronal projection from the lateral geniculate nucleus to the lateral hypothalamus of the rat demonstrated with phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin tracing. | iontophoretic injections of the anterograde tracer phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l), were placed in different portions of the rat lateral geniculate nucleus, and the tracer was localized by immunohistochemistry. the efferent projections of the lateral geniculate to limbic areas were analysed with special reference to projections of the lateral hypothalamic area. only in animals, in which neurons in the intergeniculate leaflet were labeled were pha-l-immunoreactive axons in the lateral ... | 1990 | 1701866 |
| extrinsic projections from area ca1 of the rat hippocampus: olfactory, cortical, subcortical, and bilateral hippocampal formation projections. | hippocampal area ca1 provides the major cortical output of the hippocampus, but only its projections to the subiculum and lateral septal nucleus are well characterized. the present study reexamines these extrinsic projections by using anterograde and retrograde tracing techniques. injections of the anterograde tracer phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l) in the septal one-third of ca1 label axons and terminals in subicular, postsubicular, retrosplenial, perirhinal, and entorhinal cortices, ... | 1990 | 1702115 |
| uptake of phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l) by axons of passage. | iontophoretic injection of phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l) into the spinal trigeminal tract, the trapezoid body or the inferior cerebellar peduncle produced extensive labelling of axons of passage. anterograde transport labelled axon terminals more than 13 mm distant and retrograde transport labelled cells more than 3 mm distant. axons of passage were labelled with both pha-l and biotinylated pha-l, and were observed following injection with different micropipette tip sizes, different ... | 1990 | 1703615 |
| cortical laminar distribution of rat thalamic ventrolateral fibers demonstrated by the pha-l anterograde labeling method. | the cortical innervation pattern of rat thalamic ventrolateral (vl) fibers was investigated with the phaseolus vulgaris-leukoagglutinin (pha-l) anterograde labeling method. the pha-l-labeled terminals were distributed in the sensorimotor cortex where the cerebello-cerebral (c-c) evoked responses were recognized. the labeled terminals were detected in all layers except layer vi. in the upper part of layer i, the most densely packed terminals were formed and moderately labeled terminals were seen ... | 1990 | 1703647 |
| substantia nigra pars reticulata projects to the reticular thalamic nucleus of the cat: a morphological and electrophysiological study. | the projections of substantia nigra pars reticulata (snr) toward the reticular (re) thalamic complex of cat were studied morphologically and electrophysiologically. numerous snr cells were retrogradely labeled following injections of horseradish peroxidase conjugated to wheat-germ agglutinin (wga-hrp) in the rostral and rostrolateral part of the re thalamic nucleus. iontophoretic injections of phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l) in the snr confirmed that this retrograde labeling was not a ... | 1990 | 1705469 |
| frontal cortical projections from the suprageniculate nucleus in the rat, as demonstrated with the pha-l method. | frontal cortical projections from the rat suprageniculate nucleus (sg) were investigated by an anterograde tracing using phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin (pha-l). after pha-l injection into the sg, labeled terminals were found in the frontal and temporal cortical regions. labeled terminals in the frontal cortex were almost exclusively localized in the medial agranular area, and those in the temporal cortex were mainly localized in the primary and associational auditory areas. the labeled termi ... | 1990 | 1705683 |
| distributions of spinothalamic, spinohypothalamic, and spinotelencephalic fibers revealed by anterograde transport of pha-l in rats. | fibers projecting from several levels of the spinal cord to the diencephalon and telencephalon were labeled anterogradely with phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin injected iontophoretically. labeled fibers in the thalamus confirmed projections previously observed. in addition, many labeled fibers were seen in the hypothalamus and in telencephalic areas not generally recognized previously as receiving such projections. in the hypothalamus, these areas included the lateral hypothalamus (including t ... | 1991 | 1705972 |
| light and electron microscopic evidence for a gabaergic projection from the caudal basal forebrain to the thalamic reticular nucleus in rats. | neurons in the magnocellular nucleus of the caudal basal forebrain extend an axonal projection which arborizes within the reticular nucleus of the thalamus. the present study addresses the ultrastructure and neurochemistry of this projection in rats. many labeled terminals are apparent within the thalamic reticular nucleus following phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin injections into the caudal basal nucleus; anterogradely labeled axon terminals most commonly contact both somata and dendrites of ... | 1990 | 1707896 |
| immunohistochemical identification of tubular segments in percutaneous renal biopsies. | to identify the renal cortical tubular segments involved in tubulo-interstitial disease in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded percutaneous kidney biopsies, we developed multiple immunolabeling protocols using segment-specific tubular markers. the present study of biopsies from patients with minimal change or thin basement membrane nephropathy provides a baseline for interpretation of histopathology. proximal tubules were stained either by the pas reaction or by the biotinylated phaseolus vulgaris ... | 1991 | 1708751 |
| efferent projections from the external parabrachial area to the forebrain: a phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin study in the rat. | small iontophoretic applications of phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l) were used to study the ascending efferent projections in the rat from the external parabrachial (pbe) area (i.e. external lateral (pbel) and external medial (pbem) subnuclei). it was found that fibers of the caudal two third of pbe project mainly to nucleus centralis of the amygdala (ce) with a precise pattern: the pbel subnuclei mainly project to the caudomedial subdivision of the ce and the pbem subnuclei mainly pro ... | 1991 | 1709264 |
| distribution, laminar location, and morphology of tectal neurons projecting to the isthmo-optic nucleus and the nucleus isthmi, pars parvocellularis in the pigeon (columba livia) and chick (gallus domesticus): a retrograde labelling study. | retrograde transport of phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l), fluorogold, fast blue, rhodamine labelled microspheres, and horseradish peroxidase (hrp) was employed to study the distribution, laminar location within the optic tectum, and morphology of tectal cells projecting upon the isthmo-optic nucleus (ion) and the nucleus isthmi, pars parvocellularis (ipc), in the pigeon and chick. following injections into the ion, all retrograde markers labelled tecto-ion neurons and their dendrites i ... | 1991 | 1709956 |
| carbohydrate-binding specificity of tetracarpidium conophorum lectin. | the carbohydrate-binding specificity of a novel plant lectin isolated from the seeds of tetracarpidium conophorum (nigerian walnut) has been studied by quantitative hapten inhibition assays and by determining the behavior of a number of oligosaccharides and glycopeptides on lectin-sepharose affinity columns. the tetracarpidium lectin shows preference for simple, unbranched oligosaccharides containing a terminal gal beta 1----4glnac sequence over a gal beta 1----3glcnac sequence and substitution ... | 1991 | 1711034 |
| convergence of cortical and cerebellar projections on single basilar pontine neurons: a light and electron microscopic study in the rat. | a protocol that involved a combination of two orthogradely transported tracer substances, wheat agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase and phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin injected at separate locations in the same animal was utilized to investigate the possible congruence of axonal projection fields formed by the cerebral cortical and cerebellar afferents to the basilar pontine nuclei. when large placements of tracer material were made in the cerebellar nuclei to label the cerebellopontine project ... | 1990 | 1711169 |
| projections of neurons in the ventromedial medulla to pontine catecholamine cell groups involved in the modulation of nociception. | stimulation of neurons in the nucleus raphe magnus (rmg) or the adjacent gigantocellular nucleus pars alpha (gi alpha) and paragigantocellular nucleus (pgi) produces antinociception which is partially mediated by bulbospinal noradrenergic neurons. since no norepinephrine-containing neurons are located in either the rmg or the gi alpha/pgi, it is likely that neurons located in these nuclei have axonal connections with the spinally-projecting catecholamine neurons located in the a5, a6 (locus coer ... | 1991 | 1711394 |
| arcuate nucleus projections to brainstem regions which modulate nociception. | anterograde tracing studies were conducted in order to identify efferents from the arcuate nucleus, which contains the hypothalamic opiocortin neuronal pool. phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l) was stereotaxically iontophoresed into the arcuate nucleus and the terminal fields emanating from the labelled perikarya were identified immunocytochemically. pha-l-immunoreactive (-ir) fibers were identified in nucleus accumbens, lateral septal nucleus, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, medial ... | 1991 | 1711859 |
| efferent projections of the infralimbic (area 25) region of the medial prefrontal cortex in the rat: an anterograde tracer pha-l study. | the efferent projections of the infralimbic region (il) of the medial prefrontal cortex of the rat were examined by using the anterograde transport of phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l). major targets of the il were found to include the agranular insular cortex, olfactory tubercle, perirhinal cortex, the whole amygdaloid complex, caudate putamen, accumbens nucleus, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, midline thalamic nuclei, the lateral preoptic nucleus, paraventricular nucleus, suprama ... | 1991 | 1726062 |
| a note on the use of biocytin in anterograde tracing studies in the central nervous system: application at both light and electron microscopic level. | a new neuroanatomical method based on the anterograde transport of biocytin has recently been reported. the validity of this method is examined closely on a number of well established pathways in the central nervous system, as well as the experimental parameters necessary for its effective use. iontophoretic application of this amino acid-biotin complex allows the placement of very discrete injections. at the injection sites neurones appear to be completely filled, whereas fibres of passage are ... | 1991 | 1712060 |
| pallidocortical projections to the tempolar polar gyrus in the cat. | marked projections from the globus pallidus (gp) to the temporal polar gyrus (tpg) of the cat were found by means of the pha-l (phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin) and wga-hrp (horseradish peroxidase conjugated to wheat germ agglutinin) methods. pallidocortical fibers to the tpg originate mainly from the middle levels of the gp, and terminate all layers of the tpg cortex, especially in layers i, ii and iii. the gp neurons projecting to the tpg are large-multipolar or small-bipolar neurons. almos ... | 1991 | 1712089 |
| axonal projections between fetal spinal cord transplants and the adult rat spinal cord: a neuroanatomical tracing study of local interactions. | three neuroanatomical tracers have been employed to map the axonal projections formed between transplants of fetal spinal cord tissue and the surrounding host spinal cord in adult rats. solid pieces of embryonic day 14 (e14) rat spinal cord were placed into hemisection aspiration cavities in the lumbar spinal cord. injections of either (1) a mixture of horseradish peroxidase and wheat germ agglutinin- conjugated horseradish peroxidase, (2) fluoro-gold, or (3) phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin ( ... | 1991 | 1713233 |
| identification of lectin binding proteins in human tears. | the identity of glycoproteins in stimulated normal human tears was investigated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) of tears onto minigels, blotting, and subsequent incubation with different biotinylated lectins (concanavalin a [con a], peanut agglutinin [pna], glycine max agglutinin [sba], phaseolus vulgaris agglutinin, wheat germ agglutinin [wga, native form], artocarpus integrifolia agglutinin [jacalin], and pisum sativum agglutinin). control proteins inclu ... | 1991 | 1748557 |
| medial terminal nucleus terminals in the nucleus of the optic tract contain gaba: an electron microscopical study with immunocytochemical double labeling of gaba and pha-l. | in this study the medial terminal nucleus (mtn) projection to the nucleus of the optic tract (not) was investigated in pigmented rats at the light and electron microscopical levels with a new combination of techniques. mtn terminals were anterogradely labeled with phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin (pha-l). preembedding immunocytochemistry, followed by gold intensification, was used to visualize pha-l. postembedding immunocytochemistry with 15 nm immunogold particles was carried out to demonstra ... | 1991 | 1748730 |
| patterns of corticothalamic terminations following injection of phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l) in the sensorimotor cortex of the rat. | the morphology and spatial distribution of terminals emitted by corticothalamic axons originating from the rat motor cortex (as defined by intracortical microstimulations) were studied using phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l) as an anterograde tracer. after pha-l injection in the face, forelimb or hindlimb motor cortical areas, small and densely packed boutons (about 1 micron in diameter), en passant and terminaux, were seen in the ventrolateral nucleus of the thalamus and, more sparsely ... | 1991 | 1713320 |
| goat sperm membrane: lectin-binding sites of sperm surface and lectin affinity chromatography of the mature sperm membrane antigens. | the cell surface glycoproteins of goat epididymal maturing spermatozoa have been investigated using lectins as surface probes that interact with specific sugars with high affinity. concanavalin a (cona) and wheat-germ agglutinin (wga) showed high affinity for mature cauda epididymal sperm agglutination, whereas rca2, kidney beans lectin and peanut agglutinin caused much lower or little agglutination of the cells. the mature sperm exhibited markedly higher efficacy than the immature caput epididy ... | 1991 | 1751526 |
| course and distribution of efferent fibers in the cochlea of the mouse. | the course, distribution and termination of single efferent fibers to the cochlea has been described in only a few animals and relatively few fibers have been studied with knowledge of their ipsilateral or contralateral origin. in order to examine the efferent fibers in the mouse, the anterograde tracer phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l) was iontophoretically injected into one side of the brain stem near the location of known efferent nuclei. examination of surface preparations of the co ... | 1991 | 1752800 |
| restricted cortical termination fields of the midline and intralaminar thalamic nuclei in the rat. | the projections from the midline and intralaminar thalamic nuclei to the cerebral cortex were studied in the rat by means of anterograde tracing with phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin. the midline and intralaminar nuclear complex taken as a whole projects to widespread, predominantly frontal, cortical areas. each of the constituent thalamic nuclei has a restricted cortical projection field that overlaps only slightly with the projection fields of adjacent midline and intralaminar nuclei. the pr ... | 1991 | 1713657 |
| analysis of trypsin inhibitors and lectins in white kidney beans (phaseolus vulgaris, var. processor) in a combined method. | buffered saline extraction, affinity chromatography, and folin-bsa protein assay were used consecutively to provide a combined method for analysis of trypsin inhibitors and lectins in white kidney beans (phaseolus vulgaris, var. processor). the method was tested by following the decrease of both antinutritional factors by germination of the beans for 7 days at 20 degrees c. repeatability coefficients of variation were 2-7.4% for the trypsin inhibitors and 2.2-10% for the lectins. after 7 days of ... | 1991 | 1757418 |
| effect of base, pentose, and phosphodiester backbone structures on binding and repair of pyrimidine dimers by escherichia coli dna photolyase. | photolyases reverse the effects of uv light on cells by converting cyclobutane dipyrimidine photoproducts (pyrimidine dimers, pyr mean value of pyr) into pyrimidine monomers in a light-dependent reaction. previous work has suggested that, based on substrate preference, there are two classes of photolyase: dna photolyase as exemplified by the escherichia coli enzyme, and rna photolyases found in plants such as nicotiana tabacum and phaseolus vulgaris. in experiments aimed at identifying substrate ... | 1991 | 1716150 |
| development of intrastriatal striatal grafts and their afferent innervation from the host. | the morphological maturation of cell suspension grafts of fetal striatal tissue (obtained from 14-15-day-old rat fetuses) was followed from two days to eight weeks after implantation into intact and ibotenic acid-lesioned striata of adult rats. the development of host afferent innervation of the grafts from the substantia nigra (tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive), mesencephalic raphe (serotonin immunoreactive), and the frontal cortex (anterogradely labelled with phaseolus vulgaris leucoaggluti ... | 1991 | 1716746 |
| autoregulatory response of phaseolus vulgaris l. to symbiotic mutants of rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli. | in rhizobium-legume symbiosis, the plant host controls and optimizes the nodulation process by autoregulation. tn5 mutants of rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli tal 182 which are impaired at various stages of symbiotic development, were used to examine autoregulation in the common bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.). class i mutants were nonnodulating, class ii mutants induced small, distinct swellings on the roots, and a class iii mutant formed pink, bacterium-containing, but ineffective nodules. a ... | 1991 | 1768143 |
| ultrastructure and synaptic associations of auditory thalamo-amygdala projections in the rat. | projections from the acoustic thalamus to the lateral nucleus of the amygdala (al) have been implicated in the formation of emotional memories. in order to begin elucidating the cellular basis of emotional learning in this pathway, the ultrastructure and synaptic associations of acoustic thalamus efferents terminating in al were studied using wheat-germ agglutinated horseradish peroxidase (wga-hrp) and phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l) as ultrastructural anterograde axonal markers. the ... | 1991 | 1717305 |
| subregions of the periaqueductal gray topographically innervate the rostral ventral medulla in the rat. | previous anatomical and physiological studies have revealed a substantial projection from the periaqueductal gray (pag) to the nucleus paragigantocellularis (pgi). in addition, physiological studies have indicated that the pag is composed of functionally distinct subregions. however, projections from pag subregions to pgi have not been comprehensively examined. in the present study, we sought to examine possible topographic specificity for projections from subregions of the pag to pgi. pressure ... | 1991 | 1717516 |
| corticomotoneuronal connections in the rat: evidence from double-labeling of motoneurons and corticospinal axon arborizations. | in order to investigate the possibility of direct corticomotoneuronal (cm) connections in the rat, an anterograde-retrograde double-labeling method was developed. phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin (pha-l) anterograde tracing of corticospinal axons was combined with retrograde labeling of spinal motoneurons either by a conjugate of choleragen subunit b with horseradish peroxidase (cb-hrp) or by wheat germ agglutinin (wga). the location of pha-l injection unilaterally in the forelimb area of sens ... | 1991 | 1720143 |
| nigropedunculopontine projection in the rat: an anterograde tracing study with phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin (pha-l). | the termination of the substantia nigra pars reticulata efferents in the nucleus tegmenti pedunculopontinus was studied in the rat by using the anterograde tracer phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin (pha-l). both large and small injections of pha-l in various portions of the substantia nigra pars reticulata labeled varicose fibers in the ipsilateral and contralateral nucleus tegmenti pedunculopontinus, subnucleus dissipatus as well as in the ipsilateral nucleus tegmenti pedunculopontinus, subnucl ... | 1991 | 1720145 |
| efficacy of seed-based media for the mould-yeast conversion of blastomyces dermatitidis. | the efficacy of 20 seed-based media is reported for the in vitro mould-yeast conversion of blastomyces dermatitidis, employing pharmamedia agar, peptone glucose agar, glucose agar and water agar as controls. the mould-yeast conversion varied significantly according to the culture medium, fungal strains and incubation period (p less than 0.01). garden-pea, chick-pea, cow-pea, soybean, peanut, green gram, french bean, lentil, okra and cottonseed converted all of the 7 b. dermatitidis test strains ... | 1991 | 1780002 |
| ultrastructural identification of trigeminal nerve terminals in the pterygopalatine ganglion of rats: an anterograde tracing and immunohistochemical study. | trigeminal nerve terminals in the rat pterygopalatine ganglion (ppg) were ultrastructurally identified using anterograde tracing with phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin (pha-l). electron microscopic immunohistochemistry was used to demonstrate the presence of substance p (sp) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (cgrp) in nerve terminals of the ppg. adjacent to the rostral part of the ppg an additional minor area was described. perikarya in this minor rostral part were more spherical and had irre ... | 1991 | 1720994 |
| ultrastructure of giant and small thalamic terminals of cortical origin: a study of the projections from the barrel cortex in mice using phaseolus vulgaris leuco-agglutinin (pha-l). | by means of tracing with the lectin phaseolus-vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l), we examined in the thalamus of the mouse, the axon terminals of fibers originating in the barrel cortex. vibratome sections of the brain were subjected to pha-l immunocytochemistry and processed for light and electron microscopy. we observed small (0.5-0.8 microns in diameter) varicosities of labeled fibers in the nucleus ventrobasalis (vb) and the nucleus posterior (po) as well as labeled giant terminals (3-5 micron ... | 1991 | 1721878 |
| intrinsic connections in cat visual cortex: a combined anterograde and retrograde tracing study. | area 18 of cat visual cortex was examined for intrinsic axons following small, columnar injections of an anterograde tracer, phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l). locally projecting axons radiated from the injection site and branched to form 10-15 discrete, approximately circular patches 500-750 microns in diameter consisting of many bouton-studded terminal arborizations. labeled fibers and boutons ramified densely in layers i, ii/ii, v, and vi, and were noticeably less dense in layer iv. ... | 1991 | 1722134 |
| spinal distribution of ascending lamina i axons anterogradely labeled with phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l) in the cat. | the location of the ascending axons of spinal lamina i cells was studied in cats that received injections of phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l) in the superficial dorsal horn of the cervical or lumbosacral enlargement. lamina i axons that could be ascribed to the spinothalamic tract (stt) were of particular interest. the cases were divided into three sets: in seven optimal cases the injections were restricted to lamina i; in ten nominal cases the injections involved laminae i-ii or lamin ... | 1991 | 1722491 |
| organization of amygdaloid projections to the prefrontal cortex and associated striatum in the rat. | the organization of connections between the amygdala, prefrontal cortex and striatum was studied using anterograde and retrograde tract tracing techniques in the rat. the anterograde transport of phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin and wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase was used to examine the striatal projections of the prefrontal cortex. these studies revealed that the prelimbic area of the medial prefrontal cortex projects mainly to the medial part of the striatum, wher ... | 1991 | 1722886 |
| convergence of synaptic inputs from the striatum and the globus pallidus onto identified nigrocollicular cells in the rat: a double anterograde labelling study. | two major sources of afferent synaptic inputs to projection neurons in the rat substantia nigra reticulata are the striatum and the globus pallidus. in order to understand better the functional relationships between these two afferents in the control of the activity of nigrofugal neurons, experiments have been performed to test the possibility that single nigrofugal cells receive convergent synaptic inputs from the striatum and the globus pallidus. to address this question we have used two diffe ... | 1991 | 1722893 |
| electron-microscopic analysis of synaptic input from the perigeniculate nucleus to the a-laminae of the lateral geniculate nucleus in cats. | the perigeniculate nucleus of carnivores is thought to be a part of the thalamic reticular nucleus related to visual centers of the thalamus. physiological studies show that perigeniculate neurons, which are primarily gabaergic, provide feedback inhibition onto neurons in the lateral geniculate nucleus. however, little is known about the anatomical organization of this feedback pathway. to address this, we used two complementary tracing methods to label perigeniculate axons for electron microsco ... | 1991 | 1723987 |
| thalamic processing of vibrissal information in the rat. i. afferent input to the medial ventral posterior and posterior nuclei. | retrograde tracing with true blue (tb) and diamidino yellow (dy) and anterograde tracing with either wheatgerm agglutinin-conjugated horseradish peroxidase (wga-hrp) or phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l) were employed to investigate the projections from trigeminal nucleus principalis (prv) and trigeminal subnucleus interpolaris (spi) to their targets in the medial ventral posterior (vpm) and posterior (pom) nuclei of the thalamus. many more cells in both prv and spi were labeled by trace ... | 1991 | 1723992 |
| synapses formed by ectopic corticofugal axons: an electron microscopic study of crossed corticorubral projections in kittens. | the corticorubral projections in newborn kittens are bilateral, while the projections are unilateral in adults. we addressed the question whether or not the crossed corticorubral projection in kitten forms synaptic contacts in the red nucleus. the neurons in the sensorimotor cortex of the kitten were labeled by phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin or biocytin. electron microscopic observations revealed that corticofugal axons form synapses both in the contralateral and the ipsilateral red nucleus; ... | 1991 | 1724305 |
| induced plant responses to pathogen attack. analysis and heterologous expression of the key enzyme in the biosynthesis of phytoalexins in soybean (glycine max l. merr. cv. harosoy 63). | in soybean (glycine max l.), pathogen attack induces the formation of glyceollin-type phytoalexins. the biosynthetic key enzyme is a reductase which synthesizes 4,2', 4'-trihydroxychalcone in co-action with chalcone synthase. screening of a soybean cdna library from elicitor-induced rna in lambda gt11 yielded two classes of reductase-specific clones. the deduced proteins match to 100% and 95%, respectively, with 229 amino acids sequenced in the purified plant protein. four clones of class a were ... | 1991 | 1840523 |
| descending brainstem projections of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus in the rat. | descending brainstem projections from the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (ppn) were studied in the rat by use of the anterograde tracer phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin (pha-l) and the retrograde tracer lectin-conjugated horseradish peroxidase (hrp-wga). results of these experiments demonstrated prominent bilateral projections to the pontomedullary reticular nuclei, but direct connections to the motor and sensory nuclei of the cranial nerves could not be ascertained. the ppn fibers termina ... | 1991 | 1724358 |
| rostral ventrolateral medulla: a source of the glutamatergic innervation of the sympathetic intermediolateral nucleus. | to determine whether the sympathoexcitatory projection from the rostral ventrolateral medulla (rvl) to the sympathetic intermediolateral nucleus (iml) of the spinal cord might use glutamate as an excitatory transmitter, we performed a dual-label, transport and immunocytochemical ultrastructural study. axon terminals within the iml were examined to determine whether anterogradely transported phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin (pha-l) following injections into the rvl, was colocalized with glutama ... | 1991 | 1724740 |
| genetic and transcriptional organization of the hrp cluster of pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola. | the hrp cluster of pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola encodes functions that are essential for pathogenicity on bean plants and for the elicitation of the hypersensitive response on resistant plants. the cluster was saturated with insertions of transposon tn3-spice that served both as a mutagen and as a sensitive reporter of the expression of the target regions. the mutations covered a 17.5-kb segment in strain nps3121, in which seven hrp::tn5 insertions had been previously mapped, and region ... | 1991 | 1846144 |
| organization of ca1 projections to the subiculum: a pha-l analysis in the rat. | the organization of ca1 projections to the rat subiculum was investigated with the anterograde tracer, phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l). discrete iontophoretic injections of pha-l were placed into various transverse positions of the ca1 field at different septotemporal levels of the hippocampus. the distribution of ca1 projections was observed in dissected and extended hippocampal preparations. ca1 cells located proximally in the field, i.e., close to the ca2 field, gave rise to projec ... | 1991 | 1727001 |
| a direct projection from the medial vestibular nucleus to the cervical spinal dorsal horn of the rat, as demonstrated by anterograde and retrograde tracing. | phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin and wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase were iontophoretically injected into different parts of the vestibular nuclear complex (vnc) of the rat. injections centered into the caudal part of the medial vestibular nucleus revealed a vestibulospinal projection predominantly to the dorsal horn of the cervical spinal cord, besides the expected projection to the intermediate zone (iz) and ventral horn (vh). while most of the anterogradely labelled fibres coul ... | 1992 | 1736687 |
| functional and anatomical organization of cardiovascular pressor and depressor sites in the lateral hypothalamic area: i. descending projections. | the present study describes the anatomical organization of projections from functionally defined cell groups of the lateral hypothalamic area. cardiovascular pressor and depressor sites were identified following microinjection (5-50 nl) of 0.01-1.0 m l-glutamate or d,l-homocysteate into the anesthetized rat. subsequent injections of phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin (pha-l) or wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase (wga-hrp) were made into pressor or depressor sites and their connections ... | 1992 | 1740546 |
| patterns of connectivity in the cat sensory-motor cortex: a light and electron microscope analysis of the projection arising from area 3a. | through its complex network of interconnections, each of the functionally specialized subdivisions in the cat primary somatosensory cortex may provide the motor cortex with different input and thus play a unique role in motor behavior. areas 2 and 3a receive separate peripheral information. cells in both regions project directly to the cat motor cortex but are thought to target different populations of neurons. in this study the morphology and distribution patterns of the area 3a projection to t ... | 1991 | 1748739 |
| functional connections of the rat medial cortex and basal forebrain: an in vivo intracellular study. | projections between the medial cortex and basal forebrain in the rat were demonstrated by intracellular recordings and the anterograde tracer phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin. direct projections between these areas were indicated by antidromic action potentials, short latency (less than 5 ms) orthodromic potentials, and labeled axon terminals in the basal forebrain subsequent to iontophoresis of phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin into posterior cingulate cortex. high proportions of antidromic ... | 1991 | 1754052 |
| efferent projections from the periventricular and medial parvicellular subnuclei of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus to circumventricular organs of the rat: a phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin (pha-l) tracing study. | the heterogeneous hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (pvn) is intimately involved in the regulation of several homeostatic functions. these regulations might, at least partly, be mediated via neuronal projections from the pvn to circumventricular organs outside the blood-brain barrier. to study the efferent projections of the medial and periventricular parvicellular subnuclei of the pvn with particular emphasis on the projections to the circumventricular organs, anterograde tracing with phaseo ... | 1991 | 1713926 |
| projections from the periaqueductal gray to the rostromedial pericoerulear region and nucleus locus coeruleus: anatomic and physiologic studies. | previous studies showed that the nucleus locus coeruleus (lc) receives two major afferent inputs from 1) nucleus paragigantocellularis and 2) nucleus prepositus hypoglossi, both in the rostral medulla. recent reports suggested that the midbrain periaqueductal gray (pag) projects to the rostromedial pericoerulear area and lc. since the pag is a major site for control of central antinociception, and since descending noradrenergic fibers have been implicated in pain modulation, we have investigated ... | 1991 | 1713927 |
| intrinsic inter- and intralaminar connections and their relationship to the tonotopic map in cat primary auditory cortex. | small iontophoretic injections of the lectin, phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l), were made into different layers of the primary auditory cortex (ai) of cats. injections in layer i labeled two types of morphologically distinct fibers in layer i as well as a smaller number of axons in layers ii and iii. layer ii injections labeled descending axons that produced a dense plexus of terminal fibers in layers i-iii of both ai and adjacent auditory fields. injections in layer iii also labeled a ... | 1991 | 1761089 |
| morphology of corticothalamic terminals arising from the auditory cortex of the rat: a phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin (pha-l) tracing study. | phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin (pha-l) injection in the auditory cortex of the rat labeled anterogradely corticothalamic axons whose trajectory, morphology of terminals and their distribution were analyzed in light microscopy. from the primary auditory cortex, corticofugal axons ran in a rostral direction in the white matter (external capsule), and reached the internal capsule by crossing the caudate putamen. then, they turned caudally, crossed the reticular nucleus (re) of the thalamus, whe ... | 1991 | 1769912 |
| auditory projections from the cochlear nucleus to pontine and mesencephalic reticular nuclei in the rat. | we investigated projections from the cochlear nucleus in the rat using the anterograde tracer phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin. we focused on nuclei in the brainstem which are not considered to be part of the classical auditory pathway. in addition to labeling in auditory nuclei, we found presumed terminal fibers in 4 pontine and mesencephalic areas: (1) the pontine nucleus (pn), which receives bilateral projections from the antero- and posteroventral cochlear nuclei; (2) the ventrolateral teg ... | 1991 | 1773339 |
| a direct projection from the central nucleus of the amygdala to the acoustic startle pathway: anterograde and retrograde tracing studies. | previous work has shown that lesions of the central nucleus of the amygdala block fear-potentiated acoustic startle and that electrical simulation of the central nucleus enhances acoustic startle in rats. in the present study, the anterograde tracer phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin was used to identify and delineate the course of a direct projection from the central nucleus of the amygdala to the nucleus reticularis pontis caudalis, a nucleus in the acoustic startle circuit. experiments using ... | 1991 | 1777104 |
| isolation, sequence and bacterial expression of a cdna for chalcone synthase from the cultured cells of pueraria lobata. | cdna clones for chalcone synthase (chs) of pueraria lobata cultured cells were isolated by screening the cdna library using chs cdna of phaseolus vulgaris as a probe. analysis of nucleotide sequences of the cloned cdna revealed a 1170-bp open reading frame that encoded a 390-amino acid polypeptide with an mr of 43,000. the full-length cdna was cloned into the expression vector pt7-7. chs activity was found in the crude extracts of transformed e. coli after induction and two protein bands of ca. ... | 1991 | 1777944 |
| is phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l) a useful marker for labeling neural grafts? | the lectin phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l) has come into wide use as an anterograde neuroanatomical tracer. the ability of this lectin to fill entire neurons and remain in place over long periods suggested it might be an ideal marker for donor cells to be grafted into hosts for long survival periods. we have used the lectin pha-l to mark fetal rat olfactory bulb (ob) cells prior to grafting into host rat obs. hosts were sacrificed at various times up to 9 weeks after grafting, and tis ... | 1991 | 1782257 |
| distribution of hippocampal ca1 and subicular efferents in the prefrontal cortex of the rat studied by means of anterograde transport of phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin. | projections of the hippocampal formation to the prefrontal cortex were visualized in the rat by means of the anterograde tracer phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin. these projections distribute only to the prelimbic and the medial orbital cortices and arise exclusively from restricted portions of field ca1 of the ammon's horn and the subiculum. the most dorsal portion of ca1 does not contribute fibers to this projection. in the subiculum, its origin is restricted to the proximal half, i.e., the p ... | 1991 | 1783682 |
| a pha-l analysis of ascending projections of the dorsal raphe nucleus in the rat. | ascending projections from the dorsal raphe nucleus (dr) were examined in the rat by using the anterograde anatomical tracer, phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l). the majority of labeled fibers from the dr ascended through the forebrain within the medial forebrain bundle. dr fibers were found to terminate heavily in several subcortical as well as cortical sites. the following subcortical nuclei receive dense projections from the dr: ventral regions of the midbrain central gray including t ... | 1991 | 1783685 |
| projections of the tectospinal tract to the upper cervical spinal cord of the cat: a study with the anterograde tracer pha-l. | the goal of the present experiments was to re-examine the spinal projections of neurons in the superior colliculus (sc) of the cat by taking advantage of the high sensitivity of the anterograde tracer, phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l). in seven experiments, multiple injections of pha-l into different regions of the sc labelled a total of 172 axons in the predorsal bundle; yet only 11 tectospinal tract (tst) axons were found in the upper cervical spinal cord. collaterals emerging from t ... | 1991 | 1797878 |
| cdna cloning and characterization of a putative 1,3-beta-d-glucanase transcript induced by fungal elicitor in bean cell suspension cultures. | synthetic oligonucleotides based on similarity between tobacco 1,3-beta-d-glucanase and barley 1,3-1,4-beta-d-glucanase were used to prime the synthesis and amplification of a 162 bp bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.) beta-glucanase cdna by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr). the pcr product was used to isolate a near full-length beta-glucanase cdna corresponding to an approximately 1400 bp full-length transcript, from a library containing cdna sequences complementary to mrna from fungal elicitor-tre ... | 1991 | 1909591 |