| purification and characterization of a 7fe ferredoxin from streptomyces griseus. | a ferredoxin has been purified from streptomyces griseus grown in soybean flour-containing medium. the homogeneous protein has a molecular weight near 14,000 as determined by both page and size exclusion chromatography. the iron and labile sulfide content is 6-7 atoms/mole protein. epr spectroscopy of native s. griseus ferredoxin shows an isotropic signal at g = 2.01 which is typical of [3fe-4s]1+ clusters and which quantitates to 0.9 spin/mole. reduction of the ferredoxin by excess dithionite a ... | 1990 | 2155656 |
| refined crystal structure of the complex of subtilisin bpn' and streptomyces subtilisin inhibitor at 1.8 a resolution. | the crystal structure of subtilisin bpn' complexed with a proteinaceous inhibitor ssi (streptomyces subtilisin inhibitor) was refined at 1.8 a resolution to an r-factor of 0.177 with a root-mean-square deviation from ideal bond lengths of 0.014 a. the work finally established that the ssi-subtilisin complex is a michaelis complex with a distance between the o gamma of active ser221 and the carbonyl carbon of the scissile peptide bond being an intermediate value between a covalent bond and a van ... | 1991 | 1920411 |
| pcr cloning of a streptomycin phosphotransferase (aphe) gene from streptomyces griseus atcc 12475. | | 1990 | 2167474 |
| comparison of species distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility of aerobic actinomycetes from clinical specimens. | to compare the species distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility of aerobic actinomycetes, we evaluated 366 isolates referred to the centers for disease control from october 1985 through february 1988. we used conventional biochemical tests to identify the various species. four species accounted for 191 (52%) of aerobic actinomycete isolates: nocardia asteroides (98 isolates), actinomadura madurae (42 isolates), streptomyces griseus (28 isolates), and nocardia brasiliensis (23 isolates). spu ... | 1990 | 2237117 |
| purification and characterization of a soybean flour-inducible ferredoxin reductase of streptomyces griseus. | we have purified an nadh-dependent ferredoxin reductase from crude extracts of streptomyces griseus cells grown in soybean flour-enriched medium. the purified protein has a molecular weight of 60,000 as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis. the enzyme requires mg2+ ion for catalytic activity in reconstituted assays, and its spectral properties resemble those of many other flavin adenine dinucleotide-containing flavoproteins. a relatively large number of hydrophobic amino acid ... | 1991 | 1938912 |
| molecular mechanisms of the a-factor-dependent control of secondary metabolism in streptomyces. | a-factor, 2-isocapryloyl-(3r)-hydroxymethyl-gamma-butyrolactone, is a microbial hormone controlling secondary metabolism and morphogenesis of streptomyces griseus. the a-factor-receptor protein present in the cytoplasm is a repressor-type regulator; it plays a role in repressing streptomycin production and sporulation while the binding of a-factor to the receptor protein releases its repression. thus, secondary metabolism and sporulation of s. griseus involve a step of hormonal regulation by a-f ... | 1991 | 1956957 |
| phosphorylation of the afsr product, a global regulatory protein for secondary-metabolite formation in streptomyces coelicolor a3(2). | the afsr protein is essential for the biosynthesis at the wild-type level of a-factor, actinorhodin, and undecylprodigiosin in streptomyces coelicolor a3(2) and streptomyces lividans. because overexpression of the afsr gene caused some deleterious effect on these strains, a multicopy plasmid carrying the whole afsr gene was introduced into streptomyces griseus, from which a crude cell lysate was prepared as a protein source. the afsr protein was purified to homogeneity from the cytoplasmic fract ... | 1991 | 2007554 |
| diabetic bb/wor rat haptoglobin exhibits a probable structural abnormality in asn-linked oligosaccharides. | in this study we demonstrate that haptoglobin, a serum glycoprotein secreted by the liver, has altered structure in the bb/wor diabetic rat. sds-page of haptoglobin (a tetramer composed of two glycosylated beta-chains each containing two sites for asn-linked oligosaccharides connected by disulfide bonds with two nonglycosylated alpha-chains) clearly shows that the beta-chain of haptoglobin from diabetic rats is smaller than normal, with a molecular mass of 39 instead of 40 kda. both acute and ch ... | 1991 | 2029525 |
| activation of promutagenic chemicals by streptomyces griseus containing cytochrome p-450soy. | streptomyces griseus cells containing cytochrome p-450soy oxidize a diverse array of xenobiotic compounds. this metabolic capability was exploited for activation of promutagenic chemicals such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, aromatic amines and small aliphatics in a modified salmonella/ames plate incorporation assay using tester strains ta98 and ta1538. in this assay promutagens such as 3,3'-dimethylbenzidine, 3,3'-dimethoxybenzidine, benzidine, 2-acetylaminofluorene, 2-aminoanthracene, 2,4 ... | 1990 | 2105727 |
| detection and determination of factor c--a regulatory protein--in streptomyces strains by antiserum and monoclonal antibody. | rabbit antisera and monoclonal antibodies were raised against factor c, a regulatory protein of streptomyces griseus. elisa and immunoblotting techniques suitable to determine and characterize factor c antigen was detected in all the 23 streptomyces strains and variants examined thus far and in one bacillus subtilis too. depending on the strain analysed it has a molecular mass of 34,000 or 70,000 in mycelial homogenates. most of factor c was found excreted into the cultivation medium. the quanti ... | 1990 | 2396891 |
| use of a cloned gene involved in candicidin production to discover new polyene producer streptomyces strains. | a p-aminobenzoic synthase gene (pabs) from streptomyces griseus imru 3570 involved in candicidin production was used as probe to find new aromatic polyene producing streptomyces strains. the pab gene hybridizes with 6 out of 16 streptomyces strains, and those strains which hybridize turned out to be polyene producers. such strains were never before described as polyene producers. | 1990 | 2397878 |
| subsite mapping of an acidic amino acid-specific endopeptidase from streptomyces griseus, glusgp, and protease v8. | the substrate specificities of an acidic amino acid-specific endopeptidase of streptomyces griseus, glusgp, and protease v8 [ec 3.4.21.19] were investigated with peptide p-nitroanilide substrates which have a glu residue at the p1 position. glusgp and protease v8 favored pro and leu residues at s2, respectively, while the s3 subsite of glusgp preferred phe over either ala or leu. the s3 subsite of protease v8 preferred leu over either ala or phe. the best substrates for glusgp and for protease v ... | 1991 | 1794975 |
| heat stable proteinase from thermomonospora fusca. characterization as a serine proteinase. | an extracellular proteinase secreted by the thermophilic bacteria thermomonospora fusca yx (yx-proteinase) is a serine proteinase as shown by its inactivation by the site specific reagents, phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride, dansyl fluoride, and carbobenzoxy-l-phenylalanine chloromethyl ketone. this conclusion is further supported by the effect of various proteinase inhibitors on its activity. the activity of the proteinase toward small synthetic ester substrates shows that the enzyme has a primary ... | 1990 | 2132918 |
| inhibition of serine proteinases by squash inhibitors. | the squash inhibitors of serine proteinases have been discovered as proteins, which inhibit the catalytic activity of bovine trypsin. in this report we show, that three human enzymes of trypsin-like specificity - i.e. plasmin, plasma kallikrein and thrombin - are also inhibited by squash inhibitors. moreover, rather strong inhibition was demonstrated for human cathepsin g. lower association constants were found for streptomyces griseus proteinase b (sgpb) and subtilisin bpn'. no association was ... | 1990 | 2145863 |
| sgrai, a novel class-ii restriction endonuclease from streptomyces griseus recognizing the octanucleotide sequence 5'-cr/ccggyg-3' [corrected]. | | 1990 | 2161521 |
| microbial growth patterns described by fractal geometry. | fractal geometry has made important contributions to understanding the growth of inorganic systems in such processes as aggregation, cluster formation, and dendritic growth. in biology, fractal geometry was previously applied to describe, for instance, the branching system in the lung airways and the backbone structure of proteins as well as their surface irregularity. this investigation applies the fractal concept to the growth patterns of two microbial species, streptomyces griseus and ashbya ... | 1990 | 2106504 |
| high transformation frequency of nonsporulating mutants of streptomyces griseus. | three different bld mutants from s. griseus atcc 10137 were isolated by nitrosoguanidine mutagenesis. they simultaneously lost the capability of antibiotic production and the formation of pigments. the three bld mutants were differently affected by different carbon sources. two of these mutants showed a high efficiency of transformation with several plasmid vectors, in contrast to the low efficiency of transformation showed by the wild type. we showed that s. griseus atcc 10137 and the three bld ... | 1990 | 1980252 |
| nucleotide sequence of the putative regulatory gene and major promoter region of the streptomyces griseus glycerol operon. | nucleotide sequencing of the deduced major promoter region of the glycerol utilization operon and an upstream regulatory gene of streptomyces griseus reveals extensive similarity to the previously sequenced homologous s. coelicolor region [smith and chater, j. mol. biol. 204 (1988) 569-580]. however, regions showing extensive divergence are found in the noncoding parts of the sequence. these may help to evaluate the significance of various sequence features in relation to promoter activity. | 1990 | 2110096 |
| disulfide bridge structure of ascidian trypsin inhibitor i: similarity to kazal-type inhibitors. | the primary structures of ascidian trypsin inhibitors (iso-inhibitors i and ii) were reported in the preceding paper (kumazaki, t. et al. (1990) j. biochem. 107, 409-413). both of them have eight half-cystines in a molecule composed of 55 amino acid residues with a sequence showing no extensive homology to other known protease inhibitors. to locate the four disulfide bridges in the molecule, native inhibitor i was digested with thermolysin to yield cystine-containing peptides. the peptides were ... | 1990 | 2111316 |
| the a-factor-binding protein of streptomyces griseus negatively controls streptomycin production and sporulation. | a-factor, 2-(6'-methylheptanoyl)-3r-hydroxymethyl-4-butanolide, is an autoregulator essential for streptomycin production and sporulation in streptomyces griseus. s. griseus 2247 that requires no a-factor for streptomycin production or sporulation was found to have a defect in the a-factor-binding protein. this observation implied that the a-factor-binding protein in the absence of a-factor repressed the expression of both phenotypes in the wild-type strain. screening among mutagenized s. griseu ... | 1990 | 2111804 |
| pathogenicity of streptomyces griseus for laboratory mice. | streptomyces griseus, an aerobic actinomycete usually regarded as a saprophyte, was found to be virulent for laboratory mice both by intraperitoneal and intravenous routes of inoculation, the latter route producing a more progressive and disseminating infection. suspension in mucin resulted in higher mortality and more extensive lesions, often leading to membranous adhesions of some visceral organs. the lesions appeared as nodules containing granules of str. griseus. the pathogenicity of str. gr ... | 1990 | 2113609 |
| regulation of trehalose metabolism by streptomyces griseus spores. | spores of streptomyces griseus contain trehalose and trehalase, but trehalose is not readily hydrolyzed until spore germination is initiated. trehalase in crude extracts of spores, germinated spores, and mycelia of s. griseus had a ph optimum of approximately 6.2, had a km value for trehalose of approximately 11 mm, and was most active in buffers having ionic strengths of 50 to 200 mm. inhibitors or activators or trehalase activity were not detected in extracts of spores or mycelia. several line ... | 1990 | 2113908 |
| cloning of amylase and alkaline phosphatase genes from streptomyces griseus as secretion vectors. | | 1989 | 2502451 |
| lack of regio- and stereospecificity in oxidation of (+) camphor by streptomyces griseus enriched in cytochrome p-450soy. | oxidation of (+) camphor by cytochrome p-450soy-enriched intact cells of streptomyces griseus resulted in the formation of one major and several minor metabolites. the minor metabolites were identified as 3-endo-hydroxycamphor (2%), 5-endo-hydroxycamphor (7%), 5-exo-hydroxycamphor (9%), 2,5-diketobornane (2%), and camphorquinone (3%). the major metabolite was isolated and conclusively identified as 6-endo-hydroxycamphor (60%). when supplemented with nadph, spinach ferredoxin:nadp oxidoreductase ... | 1990 | 2116789 |
| biogenesis of chromomycin a3 by streptomyces griseus. | the biosynthesis of chromomycin a3 was investigated using 13c-labeled acetates, methionine and glucose, and 13c,18o-labeled acetate. 13c nmr spectral analysis demonstrated that: aglycone assembly occurs by combining at least two polyketide chains; three of nine oxygen atoms of the aglycone originate from acetate precursor oxygen atoms; carbon methylations on the aromatic ring at c-7, on the chromose b sugar, and two o-methylations appear to be carried out by s-adenosyl-methionine requiring methy ... | 1990 | 2117602 |
| adp-ribosylation of membrane proteins of streptomyces griseus strain 52-1. | membranes purified from cells of streptomyces griseus strain 52-1 possess an adp-ribosyltransferase activity. the enzyme transfers the adp-ribose moiety of nad to one major membrane protein of mr 32,000 and 2-3 minor proteins of larger molecular weights. the effects of inhibitors on the adp-ribosyltransferase activity proves that the reaction is enzymatic and suggests that the enzyme adp-ribosylates the guanidine group of arginine. the kinetics of liberation of adp-ribose during alkaline hydroly ... | 1990 | 2120108 |
| investigation of neutral endopeptidases (ec 3.4.24.11) and of neutral proteinases (ec 3.4.24.4) using a new sensitive two-stage enzymatic reaction. | a sensitive two-stage enzymatic reaction for mammalian and bacterial metalloendopeptidases has been developed using the substrate 3-carboxypropanoyl-alanyl-alanyl-leucine-4-nitroanilide supplemented with streptomyces griseus amino-peptidase. neutral endopeptidase ec 3.4.24.11 from bovine kidney hydrolyzes the substrate (ph 7.5, 25 degrees c) with a catalytic efficiency (kcat = 1.2 x 10(2) s-1, km = 0.15 mm) of the highest ever reported for the enzyme acting on synthetic chromophoric and fluoroge ... | 1989 | 2507355 |
| ultrastructural effects of macrotetrolides of streptomyces griseus lks-1 in tissues of culex pipiens larvae. | the isolate of macrotetrolides produced by streptomyces griseus strain lks-1 was tested in its effect on the ultrastructure of larvae of culex pipiens autogenicus. changes were mainly in mitochondria where the cristae were destroyed and the outer membrane inflated. the endoplasmic reticulum was vacuolized and subsequently the nuclear membranes were seriously affected. microvilli of the midgut epithelial cells and the surface membrane of these cells were unaltered and there were no changes in the ... | 1989 | 2509144 |
| the inhibition of the enzymic activity of blood coagulation and fibrinolytic serine proteases by a new leupeptin-like inhibitor, and its structural analogues, isolated from streptomyces griseus. | a group of leupeptin analogues was found in streptomyces griseus strain 254, isolated from a soil sample from fujian province, china. the inhibitors excreted in the culture filtrate were purified by adsorption on macroporous resin, followed by sequential ion exchange chromatography on deae-52 cellulose, cm-32 cellulose and affinity chromatography with immobilized trypsin. the preparation thus obtained was further purified by preparative hplc. several major components were found and characterized ... | 1989 | 2509406 |
| faeriefungin: a new broad-spectrum antibiotic from streptomyces griseus var. autotrophicus. | faeriefungin, a polyol polyene macrolide lactone antibiotic, was isolated from the mycelium of streptomyces griseus var. autotrophicus, msu-32058/atcc 53668, collected from the soil sample of a fairy ring in an old lawn in lansing, michigan. faeriefungin has some properties similar to the previously reported polyene macrolides, mycoticin and flavofungin, but possesses different physiochemical and biological properties. aspergillus, fusarium, microsporum, trichophyton, and alternaria spp. were co ... | 1989 | 2509636 |
| myo-inositol-1-phosphate synthase in different streptomyces griseus variants. | the activity of myo-inositol-1-phosphate synthase (mips, ec 5.5.1.4.) from streptomycin producing and non-producing strains of streptomyces griseus was measured during the life cycle on different culture media. the activity varied in the different s. griseus variants and depended on the time of cultivation and the composition of the culture medium. strains characterized by low mips levels are also low streptomycin producers. the enzyme is unstable. it loses 70% of its activity in the crude extra ... | 1989 | 2515106 |
| cloning and expression of rhodococcus genes encoding pigment production in escherichia coli. | pigment was produced by escherichia coli cells carrying recombinant plasmids pnil100, pnil200 and pnil400 containing dna from rhodococcus sp. e. coli cells containing pnil100 or pnil200 (with dna inserts from rhodococcus sp. jl10 and rhodococcus sp. atcc 21145 respectively) produced both blue and pink pigments, while cells containing pnil400 (with a dna insert from rhodococcus sp. atcc 21145) produced only pink pigment. colonies of e. coli(pnil100) and e. coli(pnil200) were dark blue, whereas e. ... | 1989 | 2515248 |
| sporulation of several species of streptomyces in submerged cultures after nutritional downshift. | streptomyces griseus atcc 10137, s. griseus imru 3570, s. griseus ji 2212, s. acrimycini ji 2236 and s. albus g sporulated abundantly in several liquid media after nutritional downshift. spores formed in submerged cultures were viable and as thermoresistant as aerial spores. scanning electron microscopy showed that submerged spores are morphologically similar to aerial spores. the sporulation of the streptomyces strains tested in complex medium appeared to be triggered by phosphate nutritional d ... | 1989 | 2516871 |
| transcriptional and translational features of a sporulation gene of streptomyces griseus. | the nucleotide (nt) sequence of a 2.8-kb fragment of dna that restores sporulation to one class of bald mutants of streptomyces griseus revealed an open reading frame (orf) with the potential to encode a 55.5-kda polypeptide. the presence of an in-frame tta in the coding sequence indicated that translation is likely to require the trna(leu)uua encoded by the blda gene. two overlapping transcripts are initiated at transcriptional start points (tsp) separated by 258 nt and are transcribed in the s ... | 1990 | 2123814 |
| molecular dynamics study of the structure and dynamics of a protein molecule in a crystalline ionic environment, streptomyces griseus protease a. | a large-scale molecular dynamics simulation of the behavior of a serine protease (streptomyces griseus protease a) in a crystalline environment has been performed. all atoms (including hydrogens) of two protein molecules and the surrounding solvent of crystallization, consisting of both water and salt ions, were explicitly represented, and a relatively long range of interactions (up to 15 a) were included. the simulation is the longest so far reported for a protein in such an environment (60 ps) ... | 1990 | 2125469 |
| [cloning of grisin resistance gene gsr and the study of its functioning in streptomyces griseus kr. strain]. | s. griseus kr. is a commercial strain producing grisin, an antibiotic of the streptothricin group used as a feed additive. it was shown earlier that genetic instability of the strain was very high which was evident from a high frequency of nonreverting grn- grns mutants. with densitographic analysis of chromosomal dna electrophoregrams and dna-dna hybridization it was revealed that the molecular basis of the genetic instability of the s. griseus strain was deletion of a dna fragment about 20 kb ... | 1990 | 2127665 |
| effect of aminoglycoside antibiotics on the autolytic enzyme of streptomyces griseus. | the isolated cell wall of streptomyces griseus 52-1 strain labelled with fluorescein isothiocyanate (fitc) and containing wall-bound autolytic enzyme was lysed as a function of different cations. the autolysis was accelerated by aminoglycoside antibiotics (streptomycin and the structurally closely related neomycin) which have a polycationic character. since this strain is a streptomycin producer it is suggested that streptomycin may have a regulatory function on autolysis. | 1990 | 2127670 |
| selective strategies for antibiotic fermentation. part i.: the role of soluble vegetative protein in streptomycin production by streptomyces griseus. | the soluble vegetative protein was found to enhance the production of streptomycin. it seems to be maintaining a balance between glucose consumption and phosphate utilization. soluble vegetative protein was found to be the chief source of soluble inorganic phosphate, which when monitored along with dextrose addition boosted streptomycin production considerably. | 1990 | 2128883 |
| detection of chitinase activity after polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. | commercial streptomyces griseus and serratia marcescens chitinases and purified wheat germ w1a and hen egg white lysozymes were subjected to polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under native conditions at ph 4.3. after electrophoresis, an overlay gel containing 0.01% (w/v) glycol chitin as substrate was incubated in contact with the separation gel. lytic zones were revealed by uv illumination with a transilluminator after staining for 5 min with 0.01% (w/v) calcofluor white m2r. as low as 500 ng o ... | 1989 | 2473667 |
| electrostatic complementarity in molecular associations. | in this paper, i attempt to summarize the main qualitative features of electrostatic complementarity and similarity, important determinants of molecular recognition. the two aspects, coulombic and hydrophobic matching, can be formulated in terms of molecular electrostatic potentials and fields. the coulombic aspect is equivalent to the requirement to produce a potential pattern in the host cavity that is opposite in sign to that emerging from a guest. hydrophobic complementarity is best describe ... | 1989 | 2488267 |
| cloning and characterization of the carbapenem biosynthetic genes from streptomyces fulvoviridis. | carbapenem non-producing mutants were isolated from streptomyces fulvoviridis and divided into six cosynthesis groups. by using one of the mutants as the host and plasmid pij385 as the vector, we cloned carbapenem biosynthetic genes from the parental s. fulvoviridis strain. a cloned 6-kb dna fragment complemented the defects of three mutants each of which had a mutation in different genes. southern blot hybridization using the cloned 6-kb fragment as probe showed the presence of the nucleotide s ... | 1989 | 2714631 |
| characterization of an 8-hydroxy-5-deazaflavin:nadph oxidoreductase from streptomyces griseus. | an 8-hydroxy-5-deazaflavin-dependent oxidoreductase was isolated from the actinomycete streptomyces griseus and purified 590-fold with 72% overall yield. the enzyme catalyzes electron transfer between 8-hydroxy-5-deazaflavins and nadph. it seems to be more specific than methanogenic oxidoreductase as it has an absolute requirement for both the 5-deazaflavin structure and the presence of an 8-hydroxy group in the substrate. a molecular weight of 42,000 was found with gel permeation chromatography ... | 1989 | 2492438 |
| the 60 and 63 kda proteolytic peptides of the red cell membrane band-3 protein: their prevalence in human and non-human primates. | three phenotypes based on the polymorphism of band-3 protein from human red cells are described. limited proteolysis of intact red cells from most individuals (homozygotes) yields a peptide of 60 kda, but in some cases (heterozygotes), there is also a 63-kda peptide, and rarely only the single peptide of 63 kda is found. this is the first description of the 63-kda homozygote. the interpretation that the three phenotypes are controlled by two alleles of a single autosomal locus, with no dominance ... | 1990 | 2265824 |
| a second streptomycin resistance gene from streptomyces griseus codes for streptomycin-3"-phosphotransferase. relationships between antibiotic and protein kinases. | two genes, aphe and orf, coding for putative mr 29,000 and mr 31,000, proteins respectively, were identified in the nucleotide sequence of a 2.8 kbp dna segment cloned from streptomyces griseus n2-3-11. the aphe gene expressed streptomycin (sm) resistance and a sm phosphorylating enzyme in s. lividans strains. the two genes were found to be in opposite direction and seemed to share a common region of transcription termination. the aphe gene shows significant homology to the aph gene, encoding am ... | 1988 | 2844130 |
| an adhesive protein capsule of escherichia coli. | the nature of the adhesive capacity of three hemagglutinating escherichia coli strains that had earlier been described as nonfimbriated was studied. the strains that were isolated from human disease adhered to human buccal and urinary tract epithelial cells, an adhesion that was not inhibited by d-mannose. by crossed immunoelectrophoresis it was shown that the three strains produced a common antigen, z1, developed after growth at 37 degrees c but not 18 degrees c. one of the strains produced an ... | 1985 | 2856913 |
| dna photorepair: chromophore composition and function in two classes of dna photolyases. | dna photolyase catalyzes the repair of pyrimidine dimers in uv-damaged dna in a reaction which requires visible light. class i photolyases (escherichia coli, yeast) contain 1,5-dihydrofad (fadh2) plus a pterin derivative (5,10-methenyltetrahydropteroylpolyglutamate). in class ii photolyases (streptomyces griseus, scenedesmus acutus, anacystis nidulans, methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum) the pterin chromophore is replaced by an 8-hydroxy-5-deazaflavin derivative. the two classes of enzymes exh ... | 1990 | 2282137 |
| cascading regulation of histidase activity in streptomyces griseus. | mutants of streptomyces griseus unable to utilize histidine as the sole nitrogen source have been isolated and characterized. using a mutant defective in the production of histidase, we have demonstrated that urocanate functions as the inducer of the histidine utilization system. another mutant produced histidase that was locked in an inactive form but could be activated by treatment with an extract from the wild-type strain or the histidase-negative strain. this mutant was deficient in the acti ... | 1989 | 2492506 |
| the integrated and free states of streptomyces griseus plasmid psg1. | a 16.6-kb plasmid-psg1-was isolated from streptomyces griseus following transformation of protoplasts with unrelated plasmids. southern hybridization experiments with radioactive probes prepared from psg1 fragments and immobilized s. griseus dna fragments indicated that the plasmid was present in the progenitor strain, in an integrated state. in the psg1+ isolates plasmid sequences existed both as integrated sequences and as free plasmids. the integrated state of maintenance persisted in strains ... | 1985 | 2986187 |
| fr109615, a new antifungal antibiotic from streptomyces setonii. taxonomy, fermentation, isolation, physico-chemical properties and biological activity. | fr109615, a new antibiotic active against candida, was isolated from streptomyces setonii no. 7562. based on the spectroscopic data, the structure of fr109615 was elucidated as cis-2-aminocyclopentane-1-carboxylic acid (1). the compound showed the excellent in vivo efficacy in a generalized infection test of mice. | 1990 | 2307620 |
| cloning of a dna fragment from streptomyces griseus which directs streptomycin phosphotransferase activity. | dna from streptomyces griseus atcc 12475 was partially digested with sau3a and fragments were ligated into bglii-cleaved pij702. when the ligation mixture was used to transform protoplasts of streptomyces lividans tk54, two transformants resistant to both thiostrepton and streptomycin were isolated. the hybrid plasmids pbv3 and pbv4 which they contained, carrying inserts of sizes 4.45 and 11.55 kbp respectively, each retransformed s. lividans to streptomycin resistance at high efficiency. both p ... | 1985 | 2995548 |
| nucleotide sequence of the streptomycinphosphotransferase and amidinotransferase genes from streptomyces griseus. | genes for streptomycin phosphotransferase and inosamine-p-amidinotransferase from a streptomycin-producing streptomyces griseus were cloned on a 3.8kb bamhi-sphi fragment in s. lividans using the multicopy cloning vector pij702. the nucleotide sequence of this 3.8kb fragment was determined and the coding sequences for the two genes were identified by comparison with the amino-terminal sequences of the two enzymes purified from s. lividans clones. | 1987 | 3029728 |
| gene cluster for streptomycin biosynthesis in streptomyces griseus: analysis of a central region including the major resistance gene. | a central segment of a cluster of biosynthetic genes for the antibiotic streptomycin cloned from streptomyces griseus was analysed for open reading frames, as well as for transcriptional and translational activity. the nucleotide sequence revealed two significant open reading frames, orf1 and aph(6), orientated in opposite directions and with a spacer of 885 bp between the start codons. the first, orf1, had a coding capacity of 38 kda. one open reading frame, aph(6), was identified as the major ... | 1987 | 3039306 |
| nucleotide sequence and transcriptional analysis of the streptomyces griseus gene (afsa) responsible for a-factor biosynthesis. | the nucleotide sequence of the streptomyces griseus afsa gene, possibly encoding a key enzyme for a-factor (2-isocapryloyl-3r-hydroxymethyl-gamma-butyrolactone) biosynthesis, was determined. the translational initiation codon was identified by introducing out-of-frame mutations at appropriate positions by oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis. the afsa gene was thus found to code for a protein of 301 amino acid residues and 32.6 kilodaltons whose codon usage pattern was in agreement with the gene ... | 1989 | 2492509 |
| structure of the complex of streptomyces griseus proteinase b and polypeptide chymotrypsin inhibitor-1 from russet burbank potato tubers at 2.1 a resolution. | a low molecular weight protein inhibitor of serine proteinases from russet burbank potato tubers, polypeptide chymotrypsin inhibitor-1 (pci-1), has been crystallized in complex with streptomyces griseus proteinase b (sgpb). the three-dimensional structure of the complex has been solved at 2.1 a resolution by the molecular replacement method and has been refined to a final r-factor (= sigma[[fo[-[fc[[/sigma[fo[) of 0.142 (8.0 to 2.1 a resolution data). the reactive site bond of pci-1 (leu38i to a ... | 1989 | 2494344 |
| [the use of liposomes in the transformation of streptomyces griseus protoplasts]. | | 1986 | 3089750 |
| [lethal and mutagenic effect of fast neutrons of different energies on the spores of streptomyces griseus]. | a study was made of lethal and mutagenic effects of fast neutrons of different energy on spores of prototrophic and auxotrophic strains of streptomyces griseus. relative biological effectiveness of fast neutrons is higher than that of gamma-rays and depends on beam energy. neutrons of 22-50 mev induce streptomyces griseus mutations more frequently (by one order of magnitude) than neutrons of 1.4-1.6 mev do. the obtained mutants can be used in studying streptomyces griseus genetics. | 1986 | 3092280 |
| photoreactivating enzyme from streptomyces griseus--vi. action spectrum and kinetics of photoreactivation. | | 1986 | 3095857 |
| negative control for the expression of streptomycin resistance gene from streptomycin-producing streptomyces griseus. | | 1986 | 3096927 |
| purification and characterization of a soybean flour-induced cytochrome p-450 from streptomyces griseus. | a soybean flour-induced, soluble cytochrome p-450 (p-450soy) was purified 130-fold to homogeneity from streptomyces griseus. native cytochrome p-450soy is a single polypeptide, with a molecular weight of 47,500, in association with one ferriprotoporphyrin ix prosthetic group. oxidized p-450soy exhibited visible absorption maxima at 394, 514, and 646 nm, characteristic of a high-spin cytochrome p-450. the co-reduced difference spectrum of p-450soy had a soret maximum at 448 nm. when reconstituted ... | 1989 | 2495263 |
| production of a streptomycin-park nucleotide complex by streptomyces griseus. | a compound (compound x) with antibacterial activity was isolated from early-exponential-phase cultures of the streptomycin producer streptomyces griseus and from protoplast cultures of the same strain. the protoplast cultures produced a larger amount of compound x than did the young hyphae. both the mycelia and the protoplasts incorporated 14c-labeled myo-inositol, a precursor of streptomycin, into compound x, which has an amino acid content related to that of the cell wall peptidoglycan of the ... | 1989 | 2496658 |
| in vivo regulation of histidine ammonia-lyase activity from streptomyces griseus. | the enzyme histidine ammonia-lyase (histidase) is required for growth of streptomyces griseus on l-histidine as the sole source of nitrogen. histidase was induced by the inclusion of histidine in the medium, regardless of the presence of other carbon and nitrogen sources. histidase activity was increased by a shift of culture incubation temperature from 30 to 37 degrees c. conversely, upon induction of sporulation by either phosphate starvation or nutritional downshift, histidase underwent rapid ... | 1987 | 3100505 |
| 'dna' as contaminants in antibiotics and its capacity to transform bacteria to drug resistance. | dna/and deoxyribose sugars were detected in streptomycin (sm), kanamycin, polymyxin, penicillin g, ampicillin, methicillin, cloxacillin and mitomycin c in small amounts/traces. stained dna could be feebly visualized directly in sm run in agarose gel, which improved after its separation and concentration. these dna materials were dnase sensitive, rnase and pronase resistant, and appeared to consist of fragments, c. less than or equal to 6 mdal; this could repeatedly transform to smr several recip ... | 1990 | 2365408 |
| novobiocin-resistance sequences from the novobiocin-producing strain streptomyces niveus. | two distinct dna sequences expressing novobiocin resistance in streptomyces lividans were cloned from the novobiocin-producing species streptomyces niveus. clone pgl101 (5kb) conferred resistance to 50 micrograms ml-1 novobiocin, whereas clones pgl102 and pgl103, which carry the same 6.5kb insert but in opposite orientations, expressed resistance to 150 micrograms ml-1. the cloned inserts from pgl101 and pgl103 failed to hybridize with each other or with the cloned novobiocin-resistant gyrb sequ ... | 1990 | 2388562 |
| cleaved forms of c-reactive protein are associated with platelet inhibition. | c-reactive protein (crp) is the prototypic acute phase reactant and serves clinically as a marker of inflammation and tissue destruction. when native crp pentamer was incubated with streptomyces griseus protease, a newly formed and transient ability to inhibit platelet aggregation stimulated by adenosine diphosphate or collagen was often elicited early during the course of enzymatic digestion. sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analyses of the digests revealed that platele ... | 1986 | 2419439 |
| characterization and structure of genes for proteases a and b from streptomyces griseus. | protease a and protease b are extracellular proteins which are secreted by streptomyces griseus. the genes encoding protease a (spra) and protease b (sprb) were isolated from an s. griseus genomic library by using a synthetic oligonucleotide probe. fragments containing spra and sprb were characterized by hybridization and demonstration of proteolytic activity in streptomyces lividans. each dna sequence contains a large open reading frame with the coding region of the mature protease situated at ... | 1987 | 3112129 |
| molecular characterization of a gene encoding a photolyase from streptomyces griseus. | by using a synthetic dna probe derived from an amino acid sequence in the most conserved region of three known photolyases (escherichia coli, anacystis nidulans and saccharomyces cerevisiae), we isolated a dna fragment containing two long open reading frames (orfs) from a genomic dna library of streptomyces griseus. one orf encodes a polypeptide of 455 amino acids (mr 50594), which exhibits substantial similarities with the other three photolyases. photoreactivation-repair deficient e. coli cell ... | 1989 | 2501760 |
| detection and properties of a-factor-binding protein from streptomyces griseus. | the optically active form of tritium-labeled a-factor (2-isocapryloyl-3r-hydroxymethyl-gamma-butyrolactone), a pleiotropic autoregulator responsible for streptomycin production, streptomycin resistance, and sporulation in streptomyces griseus, was chemically synthesized. by using the radioactive a-factor, a binding protein for a-factor was detected in the cytoplasmic fraction of this organism. the binding protein had an apparent molecular weight of approximately 26,000, as determined by gel filt ... | 1989 | 2502536 |
| streptomyces griseus aminopeptidase is a calcium-activated zinc metalloprotein. purification and properties of the enzyme. | a heat-stable aminopeptidase with an n-terminal ala-pro-asp-ile-pro-leu sequence has been purified from streptomyces griseus by heat treatment followed by gel-exclusion and anion-exchange chromatographic procedures. the enzyme is a monomeric zinc metalloenzyme showing an apparent molecular mass of 33 kda by sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and 21 kda by gel filtration on superose 12. calcium ions bind to the enzyme, pkca 4.5, and activate it about sixfold when the substr ... | 1989 | 2503378 |
| ashimycins a and b, new streptomycin analogues. | detailed analysis of the fermentation broth of streptomyces griseus strain ft3-4 resulted in the identification of two new streptomycin analogues named ashimycins a and b. their structures have been determined by nmr spectral analysis and chemical degradations. | 1989 | 2503480 |
| nucleotide sequence of afsb, a pleiotropic gene involved in secondary metabolism in streptomyces coelicolor a3(2) and "streptomyces lividans". | the nucleotide sequence of afsb from streptomyces coelicolor a3(2), a pleiotropic gene which positively controls the biosynthesis of a-factor and the pigmented antibiotics actinorhodin and undecylprodigiosin in s. coelicolor a3(2) and "streptomyces lividans," was determined. the determinant of the afsb gene, which includes the putative afsb protein consisting of 243 amino acids, was mapped functionally by tests for a-factor and pigment production in "s. lividans" and s. coelicolor a3(2) after in ... | 1986 | 2428809 |
| 5-hydroxymethylblasticidin s and blasticidin s from streptomyces setonii culture a83094. | | 1989 | 2708141 |
| the nucleotide sequence of a streptomycin streptomycin phosphotransferase (streptomycin kinase) [corrected] gene from a streptomycin producer. | the nucleotide sequence of the dna fragment containing the streptomycin phosphotransferase (streptomycin kinase) [corrected] gene from the streptomycin-producer streptomyces griseus strain hut 6037 was determined. analysis of the sequence revealed an open reading frame which could encode 325 amino acid residues. a biased codon usage pattern, reflecting the high g + c composition (approximately 74%) of streptomyces dna, was observed in the gene. | 1987 | 2821169 |
| changes in the protein profile of streptomyces griseus during a cycloheximide fermentation. | | 1987 | 3124695 |
| cloning of dna involved in sporulation of streptomyces griseus. | twenty-two bald mutants of streptomyces griseus were isolated and classified into four phenotypic groups, two of which showed conditional sporulation. a 3-kilobase fragment of dna was cloned in a high-copy-number vector and detected by its ability to restore sporulation to one class of conditionally bald mutants. analysis of subclones demonstrated that the sporulation property was contained within a 2.5-kilobase fragment. hybridization studies and restriction analysis indicated that this dna fra ... | 1988 | 2836372 |
| mechanism of increased kanamycin-resistance generated by protoplast regeneration of streptomyces griseus. i. cloning of a gene segment directing a high level of an aminoglycoside 3-n-acetyltransferase activity. | the genetic and biochemical basis of a 200-fold increase in kanamycin (km)-resistance shown in streptomyces griseus ss-1198pr generated by protoplast regeneration was investigated. a 15-kb bcl i-dna segment responsible for the km-resistance was cloned into pij61 with streptomyces lividans tk21 as host. the km-resistance segment was then subcloned into pij702 as a 1.8-kb bamh i-bgl ii fragment with a bamh i site essential for the km-resistance. both s. lividans tk21 containing the cloned segments ... | 1988 | 3126171 |
| new antibiotics 4181-a and b from streptomyces griseus; taxonomy, fermentation, isolation and characterization. | the new antibiotics 4181-a and b were isolated from the fermentation broth of streptomyces griseus, a soil isolate. their molecular formulae were determined as c29h21no9 and c28h19no9, respectively. the uv, ir and nmr spectra suggest that they possess a quinone moiety in their structures. they were found to have antibacterial, antifungal and antitumor activity. | 1988 | 3130363 |
| molecular cloning and expression in streptomyces lividans of a streptomycin 6-phosphotransferase gene from a streptomycin-producing microorganism. | the gene encoding streptomycin 6-kinase involved in the self-resistance of the streptomycin-producing streptomyces griseus hut 6037 was cloned in the plasmid vector pij703. the resulting plasmid, psp6, contained 2.5 kb inserts of s. griseus dna. when streptomycin-susceptible s. lividans 1326 was retransformed with psp6, all transformants produced streptomycin 6-kinase. addition of streptomycin to the culture medium of s. lividans carrying psp6 plasmid brought about a remarkable increase in strep ... | 1985 | 2982666 |
| [isolation and various properties of the lytic enzyme preparation from streptomyces griseus]. | certain optimal parameters were determined for production of a pure enzyme preparation of the giox type from s. griseus by precipitating the enzymes from concentrated fermentation broth filtrate. antibacterial spectrum of the preparation is comparatively narrow. still, it showed high lytic activity against streptococci and staphylococci. investigation of the preparation with the electrofocusing technique revealed that the main lysing component was a protein fraction with its isoelectric point wi ... | 1988 | 3132114 |
| [selection of strains of streptomyces griseus kr., the producer of a streptothricin antibiotic grisin, using the method of protoplast fusion]. | the effect of protoplasting on antibiotic activity of the grisin-producing organism was shown. high frequency of grn- mutants after strain vg307f protoplasting and no capacity in these mutants for reversion to the initial grn+ phenotype were shown. the reversion frequency was less than 10(-8). moreover, it was shown that all the grn- mutants lost their stability (grnr) to the effect of their own antibiotic. with respect to strain vg212 there was noted a significant increase in the number of both ... | 1988 | 3132116 |
| molecular cloning of tetracycline resistance genes from streptomyces rimosus in streptomyces griseus and characterization of the cloned genes. | two tetracycline resistance genes of streptomyces rimosus, an oxytetracycline producer, were cloned in streptomyces griseus by using poa15 as a vector plasmid. expression of the cloned genes, designated as teta and tetb was inducible in s. griseus as well as in the donor strain. the tetracycline resistance directed by teta and tetb was characterized by examining the uptake of tetracycline and in vitro polyphenylalanine synthesis by the sensitive host and transformants with the resultant hybrid p ... | 1985 | 2982781 |
| self-cloning in streptomyces griseus of an str gene cluster for streptomycin biosynthesis and streptomycin resistance. | an str gene cluster containing at least four genes (strr, stra, strb, and strc) involved in streptomycin biosynthesis or streptomycin resistance or both was self-cloned in streptomyces griseus by using plasmid poa154. the stra gene was verified to encode streptomycin 6-phosphotransferase, a streptomycin resistance factor in s. griseus, by examining the gene product expressed in escherichia coli. the other three genes were determined by complementation tests with streptomycin-nonproducing mutants ... | 1985 | 2995326 |
| strain- and species-specific distribution of the streptomycin gene cluster and kan-related sequences in streptomyces griseus. | the streptomycin (sm) gene cluster was investigated for its distribution in streptomycetes by southern hybridization using nick-translated dna probes, which were isolated from the sm-6-phosphotransferase (sph) and amidinotransferase (adt) regions of the sm gene cluster of streptomyces griseus ss-1198. bgl ii-digested genomic dnas from sm-producing strains of s. griseus yielded the same size fragment (7.0 kb) which hybridized to both the sph and adt probes as expected from the restriction endonuc ... | 1988 | 3139605 |
| the alpha-lytic protease gene of lysobacter enzymogenes. the nucleotide sequence predicts a large prepro-peptide with homology to pro-peptides of other chymotrypsin-like enzymes. | alpha-lytic protease is a 19.8-kda protein secreted from the gram-negative bacterium lysobacter enzymogenes. we have cloned and sequenced the gene for this serine protease. the nucleotide sequence contains an open reading frame which codes for the 198-residue mature enzyme and a potential prepro-peptide, also of 198 residues. the cooh-terminal 49 residues of the pro-peptide are significantly homologous to the propeptides of streptomyces griseus proteases a and b. we suggest that this pro-peptide ... | 1988 | 3053694 |
| the role of cu(i)-thiolate clusters during the proteolysis of cu-thionein. | rat liver cu,zn-[35s]thionein and yeast cu-thionein were subjected to proteolysis in vitro using equilibrium dialysis. the partially copper-loaded vertebrate thionein (2-7 cu/mol) was affected by different proteases including thermolysin, proteinase k, protease from streptomyces griseus and lysosomal enzymes. unlike the 2cu-thionein the respective 7cu-thiolate-centred metallothionein was hardly proteolytically digested. in contrast to fully copper-loaded native yeast cu-thionein both the h2o2-ox ... | 1986 | 3081372 |
| [isolation of the proteolytic complex from industrial waste waters from streptomycin production]. | dynamics of industrial biosynthesis of polyenzymic streptomyces griseus system proteases and changes in their activities are studied in the process of streptomycin production. the method to isolate protease preparations is developed with optimization of production cycles of the stabilization, vacuum-concentration, ballast protein salting-out and lyophilization stages. the preparation is low toxic, retains 98% of the proteolytic activity at the temperature of 60 degrees c, 30 and 80%--under the e ... | 1986 | 3099443 |
| induction of cytochrome p-450 in streptomyces griseus by soybean flour. | soybean flour and the isoflavonoid genistein, were found to induce cytochrome p-450 in streptomyces griseus. the chromophore was found in the 105,000xg supernatant and gave a reduced co-difference spectrum with an absorption maximum of 448 nm. almost 70% of the p-450 could be precipitated at 35-45% ammonium sulfate saturation. sds-gel electrophoresis revealed the presence of a 45,000 dalton polypeptide in extracts induced by either soybean or genistein. s. griseus generated the free isoflavonoid ... | 1986 | 3099785 |
| comparison of streptomyces griseus and bovine trypsin by active site analysis using fluorescent acyl groups. | the preparation of fluorescence labeled acyl enzymes (streptomyces griseus trypsin) was successfully carried out using specific trypsin substrates, 'inverse substrates'. the topographical analysis of the structures of the area around the active site was carried out by measuring the fluorescence spectra of the acyl enzyme preparations and these results were compared with those of bovine trypsin. it was found that the polarity of the active site vicinity at ph 5 was similar to that of bovine tryps ... | 1987 | 3109486 |
| [isolation of auxotrophic mutants under the action of n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine and uv radiation and the mapping of new loci on the streptomyces griseus chromosome by protoplast fusion]. | | 1987 | 3150502 |
| purification and partial characterization of multiple bromoperoxidases from streptomyces griseus. | the presence of multiple bromoperoxidases in extracts of streptomyces griseus tü 6 was detected. the enzyme pattern varied with the age of the culture. a haem-type bromoperoxidase (bpo 2) was always present. additionally three nonhaem-type bromoperoxidases (bpo 1a, 1b and 3) were detected and purified to homogeneity. the mr of non-denatured bpo 1a was 70,000 +/- 10,000 and those of bpo 1b and 3 were 90,000 +/- 5000. bpo 1a and 1b were dimers with subunit mr values of 34,000 and 43,000, respectiv ... | 1988 | 3151989 |
| structure of fredericamycin a, an antitumor antibiotic of a novel skeletal type; spectroscopic and mass spectral characterization. | ir, uv-visible spectroscopy, circular dichroism, 1h and 13c nmr studies, high resolution electron impact, field desorption, and fast atom bombardment mass spectral studies are reported for fredericamycin a (nsc-305263), a novel antitumor antibiotic of acid-base indicator type produced by streptomyces griseus (fcrc-48). the spectral data are correlated with the structure obtained by x-ray crystallography as (e,e)-6',7'-dihydro-4,9,9'-trihydroxy-6-methoxy-3'-(1,3-pentadienyl++ +)-spiro- [2h-benz[f ... | 1987 | 3112081 |
| metabolic initiation of differentiation and secondary metabolism by streptomyces griseus: significance of the stringent response (ppgpp) and gtp content in relation to a factor. | i investigated the significance of the intracellular accumulation of guanosine 5'-diphosphate 3'-diphosphate (ppgpp) and of the coordinated decrease in the gtp pool for initiating morphological and physiological differentiation of streptomyces griseus, a streptomycin-producing strain. in solid cultures, aerial mycelium formation was severely suppressed by the presence of excess nutrients. however, decoyinine, a specific inhibitor of gmp synthetase, enabled the cells to develop aerial mycelia in ... | 1987 | 3112126 |
| microbial transformation of precocene ii: oxidative reactions by streptomyces griseus. | various species of "streptomyces," "aspergillus," "rhodotorula," "brevilegnia," "syncephalastrum," and "stysanus" were found to transform precocene ii to three major metabolites. these major biotransformation products were isolated from a preparative-scale incubation of precocene ii with streptomyces griseus and were conclusively identified as (-)cis- and (+)trans-precocene ii-3,4-dihydrodiols and (+)-3-chromenol. 18o2 incorporation studies indicated the involvement of a monooxygenase enzyme sys ... | 1987 | 3116933 |
| effects of intracellular trehalose content on streptomyces griseus spores. | the disaccharide trehalose is accumulated as a storage product by spores of streptomyces griseus. growth on media containing excess glucose yielded spores containing up to 25% of their dry weight as trehalose. spores containing as little as 1% of their dry weight as trehalose were obtained during growth on media containing a limiting amount of glucose. spores containing low levels of trehalose accumulated this sugar when incubated with glucose. the increase in trehalose content coincided with in ... | 1987 | 3117769 |
| metabolism of endogenous trehalose by streptomyces griseus spores and by spores or cells of other actinomycetes. | the disaccharide trehalose is accumulated as a storage product by spores of streptomyces griseus. nongerminating spores used their trehalose reserves slowly when incubated in buffer for several months. in contrast, spores rapidly depleted their trehalose pools during the first hours of germination. extracts of dormant spores contained a high specific activity of the enzyme trehalase. the level of trehalase remained relatively constant during germination or incubation in buffer. nongerminating sp ... | 1987 | 3117770 |
| peptide digest studies of polymorphic proteins of plasmodium falciparum. | previous work has shown that when a large number of plasmodium falciparum isolates are examined by two dimensional electrophoresis, over 100 different proteins can be detected, 15 of which show polymorphism in electrophoretic characters. eight of these proteins have now been subjected to limited proteolysis. two methods of digestion were used: enzymic, with streptomyces griseus pronase e and chemical, using n-chlorosuccinimide to break proteins at tryptophan residues. when different forms of eac ... | 1987 | 3302701 |
| inhibition of topoisomerases by fredericamycin a. | fredericamycin is an antibiotic product of streptomyces griseus that exhibits modest antitumor activity in vivo and in vitro. because of its unique structure and the absence of a clearly defined mechanism of action, we examined the effects of this compound on l1210 cells in culture as well as on several enzymes that bind to dna. fredericamycin exhibits an ic50 of 4.4 microm toward l1210 cells, and its cytotoxicity is a function of the time of exposure as well as drug dose. no dna breakage was ob ... | 1989 | 2544307 |
| binding and activation of c4 and c3 on the red cell surface by non-complement enzymes. | we investigated the binding of c4 and c3 to red cell surfaces by non-complement enzymes. cell bound c components were quantitated by a radioimmunoassay, the chain structure of bound components was analyzed by western blotting and the hemolytic activity of bound components was determined. trypsin, chymotrypsin, plasmin, elastase, thrombin, kallikrein and enzymes from bacillus subtilis, staphylococcus aureus and streptomyces griseus all were found capable of binding c4b and c3b to sheep red cells. ... | 1988 | 3412332 |
| cloning and characterization of a phosphate-regulated promoter involved in phosphate control of candicidin biosynthesis. | phosphate strongly repressed the formation of p-aminobenzoic acid (paba) synthase, an enzyme involved in candicidin biosynthesis. expression in streptomyces lividans of the pabs gene (encoding paba synthase) of streptomyces griseus is repressed by phosphate at concentrations above 0.1 mm. however, expression of the pabs gene in escherichia coli is not regulated by phosphate. phosphate control of the expression of the pabs gene was observed in all plasmids containing the original 4.5-kb bamhi fra ... | 1989 | 2550329 |
| streptomyces griseus streptomycin phosphotransferase: expression of its gene in escherichia coli and sequence homology with other antibiotic phosphotransferases and with eukaryotic protein kinases. | the aphd gene of streptomyces griseus, encoding a streptomycin 6-phosphotransferase (sph), was sub-cloned in the pbr322-based expression vector prk9 (which contains the serratia marcescens trp promoter) with selection for expression of streptomycin resistance in escherichia coli. two hybrid plasmids, pckl631 and pckl711, were isolated which conferred resistance. both contained a approximately 2 kbp fragment already suspected to include aphd. the properties of in vitro deletion derivatives of the ... | 1989 | 2561487 |
| enzymatic hydrolysis of biological and environmental samples as pretreatment for analysis. | four commercially available proteases were tested, in conjunction with a lipase, for efficacy in hydrolyzing 3 tissue substrates: cod fillet, chicken egg, and bovine liver. enzymatic hydrolysis of tissues minimizes the formation of emulsions during liquid-liquid extraction and does not accelerate the decomposition of acid- or base-labile analytes. recovery of hexane and benzene phases from the hydrolysates was also evaluated. protease from streptomyces griseus combined with lipase from candida c ... | 1989 | 2592325 |