| purification and characterization of two listeria ivanovii cytolysins, a sphingomyelinase c and a thiol-activated toxin (ivanolysin o). | the strong bizonal hemolysis on blood agar and the positive camp reaction with rhodococcus equi denotes the production of two different cytolytic factors by listeria ivanovii. one was characterized as a thiol-activated (sh) cytolysin of 61 kilodaltons and was termed ivanolysin o (ilo) since data suggested that it is different from listeriolysin o, the sh-cytolysin produced by listeria monocytogenes. the other is a 27-kilodalton hemolytic sphingomyelinase c that was found to be the cytolytic fact ... | 1989 | 2553614 |
| [granuloma formation in mice by liposomes of new glycolipid containing mycolic acids, "trehalose 2,3,6'-trimycolate"]. | after intravenous administration of liposomes containing a novel glycolipid, trehalose 2,3,6'-trimycolate, isolated from rhodococcus aurantiacus, the granuloma formation was observed distinctively in the lungs, spleen and liver of icr mice. the concentration of the glycolipid in liposomes influenced profoundly on the inducibility for granulomas and the liposomes containing 10 mol% of trehalose 2,3,6'-trimycolate showed the highest activity for the granuloma formation in mice without a significan ... | 1989 | 2732903 |
| [the significance of detecting corynebacterium equi in the conjunctiva of children in cairo]. | the probable correlations between certain corynebacterium are discussed. carpenter et al. (1976) describes a corynebacterium equi-pneumonia in a patient with hodgkin's disease; gardner et. al. (1976) also reports on a case of pneumonia. golub et. al. (1967) demonstrates a lung abscess resulting from corynebacterium equi. williams et. al. (1971) demonstrates a thoracic infection in an immunosuppressed patient. although, our findings have been demonstrated only in conjunctivitis of children, hithe ... | 1989 | 2583507 |
| [rhodococcus equi infection in hiv disease]. | a case of rhodococcus equi pneumonia associated with septicemia and metastatic brain abscess in an hiv-infected male is presented. clinical findings and the diagnostic and therapeutic approach are discussed. cavitating pulmonary disease was rapidly improved by six-week combined oral and parenteral antibiotic treatment. however, pulmonary relapse and brain abscess were documented after one month. therapy with ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin and cotrimoxazole on an outpatient basis again led to clinica ... | 1989 | 2749214 |
| parallel antitumor, granuloma-forming and tumor-necrosis-factor-priming activities of mycoloyl glycolipids from nocardia rubra that differ in carbohydrate moiety: structure-activity relationships. | multiple intravenous injections (30 micrograms, ten times) in icr mice of trehalose dimycolate and glucose monomycolate from nocardia rubra, containing c36-48 mycolic acids, showed a prominent antitumor effect on a subcutaneously implanted sarcoma-180, an allogeneic sarcoma of mice with a significant granuloma formation in lungs, spleen and liver. on the other hand, mycoloyl glycolipids other than glucose monomycolate and trehalose dimycolate, such as mannose or fructose mycolate, showed no sign ... | 1990 | 2322938 |
| granuloma-forming activity and antitumor activity of newly isolated mycoloyl glycolipid from rhodococcus terrae 70012 (rt. gm-2). | a newly isolated mycoloyl glycolipid (rt. gm-2) from rhodococcus terrae 70012 was identified and the granulomagenic and antitumor activities were studied as compared with trehalose-6,6'-dimycolate (cord factor) also from r. terrae (rt. tdm). the alkaline hydrolysis products of rt. gm-2 contained trehalose, methyl-alpha-mycolate and a less-polar ester than the usual methyl-alpha-mycolate, possibly beta-keto mycolate (1:1:1, by mol. ratios). on the other hand, analysis of alditol acetate obtained ... | 1990 | 2325578 |
| purification of inactivated photoresponsive nitrile hydratase. | photoresponsive nitrile hydratase from rhodococcus sp. n-771 was purified in its inactivated form. the enzyme had a molecular weight of approximately 60 kda and consisted of 2 subunits each having molecular weight of 27.5 and 28 kda. the enzyme also contained 2 iron atoms/enzyme as a cofactor. the enzyme was more stable in its inactivated form, rather than the activated during storage in the dark. the enzyme was most stable in the temperature region of 0-35 degrees c, and lost its activity above ... | 1990 | 2334415 |
| rhodococcus equi foal pneumonia: protective effects of immune plasma in experimentally infected foals. | the immunoprophylactic capacity of specific immune plasma was evaluated in pony foals infected experimentally with rhodococcus equi. immune plasma, produced by repeated parenteral administration of viable r. equi to adult horses, was harvested and frozen. group i (six control foals) and group ii (six principal foals) received lactated ringers solution and immune plasma respectively at three and five days of age. r. equi were aerosolised into a caudal lung lobe of all foals at seven days of age. ... | 1989 | 2767025 |
| influence of rhodococcus equi on the respiratory burst of resident alveolar macrophages from adult horses. | opsonized rhodococcus equi activated the respiratory burst of resident alveolar macrophages (am) from adult horses in a logarithmic-linear, mass-related manner. the effect of r equi was not significantly different from that of equal masses of opsonized zymosan a. therefore, r equi does not appear to attenuate the respiratory burst of equine am. the stimulatory effect of r equi was not reflected by increased production of superoxide anion (o2-), but increased activity of the hexose monophosphate ... | 1990 | 2337275 |
| isolation and characterization of a haloalkane halidohydrolase from rhodococcus erythropolis y2. | rhodococcus erythropolis strain y2, isolated from soil by enrichment culture using 1-chlorobutane, was able to utilize a range of halogenated aliphatic compounds as sole sources of carbon and energy. the ability to utilize 1-chlorobutane was conferred by a single halidohydrolase-type haloalkane dehalogenase. the presence of the single enzyme in cell-free extracts was demonstrated by activity strain polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the purified enzyme was a monomeric protein with a relative mo ... | 1990 | 2351952 |
| purification of the phospholipase d of corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis by recycling isoelectric focusing. | recycling isoelectric focusing was investigated as a method for purification of phospholipase d (pld) from cultures of corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. supernatant fluids from cultures of equine isolate 155 in brain-heart infusion broth were dialyzed against distilled water, concentrated by lyophilization, and fractionated by preparative isoelectric focusing in free solution in a ph 3 to 13 gradient with 6m urea. protein concentration, ph, and pld activity of the 10 resulting fractions were d ... | 1989 | 2782713 |
| infected wounds and repeated septicemia in a case of factitious illness. | during 19 years an assistant nurse, now 35 years old, has been repeatedly treated for several malingered and self-induced disorders escalating to self-mutilation. an ulcer of her right leg never epithelialised in spite of various local treatments and surgical intervention. during repeated attacks of self-induced septicemia altogether 11 different bacterial species were isolated; on 8 occasions rhodococcus equi. the septicemias were successfully treated with antibiotics. the underlying psychiatri ... | 1990 | 2356446 |
| kinetic studies of phenol degradation by rhodococcus sp. p1. i. batch cultivation. | rhodococcus sp. p1 utilizes phenol as the sole carbon and energy source via the beta-ketoadipate pathway. in batch cultivation, concentrations up to 2.8 g.l-1 phenol were degraded. the highest values for the specific growth rate of 0.32 h-1 were obtained at concentrations near 0.25 g.l-1. at higher concentrations, substrate inhibition was observed, characterized by increases in lag phase and decreasing growth rates. a mathematical expression was proposed to fit the kinetic pattern of phenol inhi ... | 1990 | 2372208 |
| kinetic studies of phenol degradation by rhodococcus sp. p1. ii. continuous cultivation. | the degradation of phenol by rhodococcus sp. p1 was studied in continuous culture systems. the organism could be adapted by slowly increasing concentration, step by step, up to 30.0 g.l-1 phenol in the influent. the degradation rate reached values of about 0.3 g.g dry mass-1.h-1. large step increases in phenol concentration and addition of further substrates (e.g., catechol) were tolerated up to a certain concentration. with increasing dilution rate and increasing inlet phenol concentration the ... | 1990 | 2372209 |
| purification and characterization of a novel nitrilase of rhodococcus rhodochrous k22 that acts on aliphatic nitriles. | a novel nitrilase that preferentially catalyzes the hydrolysis of aliphatic nitriles to the corresponding carboxylic acids and ammonia was found in the cells of a facultative crotononitrile-utilizing actinomycete isolated from soil. the strain was taxonomically studied and identified as rhodococcus rhodochrous. the nitrilase was purified, with 9.08% overall recovery, through five steps from a cell extract of the stain. after the last step, the purified enzyme appeared to be homogeneous, as judge ... | 1990 | 2394676 |
| keratinolytic activity of cutaneous and oral bacteria. | a test was developed to measure the keratinolytic activity of cutaneous and oral bacteria. keratin, labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate, was used in a phosphate buffer (ph 7.2) with 1 mm dithiothreitol. the degradation of keratin was estimated by measuring the fluorescence of the degradation products in the supernatant of the reaction mixtures in a luminescence spectrometer. several oral and cutaneous bacteria were investigated: bacteroides gingivalis, bacteroides intermedius, treponema dent ... | 1987 | 2434427 |
| possible existence of a novel amphipathic immunostimulator in the phenol-water extracts of mycobacteriaceae. | the extracts having diverse immunostimulating activities were obtained as a water-phase fraction from four bacterial species representing the 4 genera (mycobacterium, nocardia, gordona, and rhodococcus) of mycobacteriaceae by the phenol-water method, which is commonly used for extraction of endotoxic lipopolysaccharides (lps) from gram-negative bacteria and amphipathic substances from gram-positives. these fractions, especially those of g. aurantiaca and r. terrae, showed strong stimulatory effe ... | 1987 | 2441233 |
| molecular-genetic evidence for the relationship of mycobacterium leprae to slow-growing pathogenic mycobacteria. | a total of 1170 nucleotides of the 16s rrna from mycobacterium leprae were compared to the homologous regions of m. tuberculosis, m. bovis vallée, m. avium, m. scrofulaceum, m. phlei, m. fortuitum and one representative each of the genera corynebacterium, nocardia, and rhodococcus. homology values were calculated and a phylogenetic tree was constructed from the evolutionary distance values. despite differences in dna g + c content and genome size, m. leprae is a true member of the slow-growing p ... | 1988 | 2458422 |
| [methods for isolating specific immune sera against bacteria of the genus rhodococcus]. | | 1986 | 2478868 |
| synthesis of 9 alpha-hydroxysteroids by a rhodococcus sp. | 9 alpha-hydroxylation of delta 5-3 beta-hydroxysteroids (of androstane, pregnane, 24-nor- and 21,24-bisnorcholane groups) was carried out by a rhodococcus sp., isolated from a petroleum-containing soil sample. a large number of the investigated steroids was transformed into 9 alpha-hydroxy-delta 4-3-ketones in satisfactory yields (50-90%) at high initial concentrations of the substrates (0.5-5.0 g/l). the influence of some structural features of the steroid molecule on the progress and effective ... | 1989 | 2588303 |
| the effect of immunosuppression on resistance to rhodococcus equi in mice. | rhodococcus equi, a natural pathogen of horses, produces lesions in mice following experimental infection. the effect of various immunosuppressing agents on the sequential development of these lesions has been assessed by measuring the growth of r. equi following intravenous or intranasal challenge and by histological examination. cyclophosphamide treatment of mice, challenged intranasally, resulted in the development of lesions not unlike that seen in experimental and natural infection in foals ... | 1989 | 2483281 |
| rspx i: a new restriction endonuclease with a recognition sequence of 5't/catga3'. | | 1988 | 2836816 |
| serum immunoglobulin concentrations of foals infected with rhodococcus equi. | | 1989 | 2513448 |
| microbial metabolism of quinoline and related compounds. ii. degradation of quinoline by pseudomonas fluorescens 3, pseudomonas putida 86 and rhodococcus spec. b1. | quinoline catabolism was investigated with different bacterial strains, able to use quinoline as sole source of carbon, nitrogen and energy. some degradation products of quinoline were isolated from the culture fluids and identified. with pseudomonas fluorescens and pseudomonas putida we found 2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline, 8-hydroxy-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline, 8-hydroxycoumarin and 2,3-dihydroxyphenylpropionic acid as intermediates. with a rhodococcus strain 2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline, 6-hydroxy-2 ... | 1989 | 2514722 |
| cloning and expression of rhodococcus genes encoding pigment production in escherichia coli. | pigment was produced by escherichia coli cells carrying recombinant plasmids pnil100, pnil200 and pnil400 containing dna from rhodococcus sp. e. coli cells containing pnil100 or pnil200 (with dna inserts from rhodococcus sp. jl10 and rhodococcus sp. atcc 21145 respectively) produced both blue and pink pigments, while cells containing pnil400 (with a dna insert from rhodococcus sp. atcc 21145) produced only pink pigment. colonies of e. coli(pnil100) and e. coli(pnil200) were dark blue, whereas e. ... | 1989 | 2515248 |
| [the inhibitory effect on passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in guinea pigs of oral administration of corynebacterium (rhodococcus) equi]. | we studied the inhibitory effect on the pca reaction of bsa-rabbit anti-bsa (bsa-anti-bsa) system in cp-sensitized and cp-unsensitized guinea pigs by the oral administration of c. equi. strain ko-85 (ko-85) cells. the results were as follows: 1) guinea pigs were sensitized by intraperitoneal injection with the cp. nine days later, the animals were administered with an oral dose of 80 mg (w.w.) of ko-85 cells. the animals were submitted daily to pca reaction tests using bsa and rabbit anti-bsa se ... | 1989 | 2589991 |
| primary structure of nitrile hydratase deduced from the nucleotide sequence of a rhodococcus species and its expression in escherichia coli. | the nitrile hydratase (nhase) of rhodococcus species n-774, which is composed of two subunits, alpha and beta, catalyzes the hydration of various nitrile compounds to the corresponding amides. the amino acid sequences of the nh2 termini and the fragments obtained by digesting each of the two subunits with lysyl endopeptidase were determined for preparation of synthetic oligonucleotides as hybridization probes. a 4.4-kb sphi fragment which contained dna sequences hybridizing to several of the pro ... | 1989 | 2659343 |
| purification and characterization of glycosphingolipid-specific endoglycosidases (endoglycoceramidases) from a mutant strain of rhodococcus sp. evidence for three molecular species of endoglycoceramidase with different specificities. | two molecular species of endoglycoceramidase (designated as endoglycoceramidases i and ii) were purified 32,700 and 43,000 times with overall recoveries of 4.8 and 2.9%, respectively, from a culture fluid of the mutant strain m-750 of rhodococcus sp., cultivated in the absence of inducers (ganglioside). after being stained with coomassie brilliant blue or a silver-staining solution, each purified enzyme showed a single protein band on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence and absenc ... | 1989 | 2722847 |
| nitrilase of rhodococcus rhodochrous j1. purification and characterization. | nitrilase was purified from an extract of isovaleronitrile-induced cells of rhodococcus rhodochrous j1 in seven steps. in the last step, the enzyme was crystallized by adding ammonium sulfate. the crystallized enzyme appeared to be homogeneous by polyacrylamide electrophoresis, ampholyte electrofocusing and double immunodiffusion in agarose. the enzyme has a molecular mass of about 78 kda and consists of two subunits identical in molecular mass. the purified enzyme exhibits a ph optimum of 7.6 a ... | 1989 | 2737207 |
| evidence for the pathogenic role of rhodococcus species in pulmonary diseases. | three hundred expectorated sputa from patients suffering from chest disorders were examined microscopically and cultured on various media. among other micro-organisms isolated there were four strains of rhodococcus aurantiacus (gordona aurantiaca), one each of rh. erythropolis, rh. pellegrino, rh. rubropertinctus and rh. rhodnii. suspensions in 5% hog gastric mucin were virulent for immuno-suppressed white mice and the pathology of their lungs was compatible with those produced in experimental n ... | 1989 | 2753843 |
| nucleotide sequence of 5s ribosomal rna of rhodococcus fascians. | | 1989 | 2762130 |
| rhodococcus equi: an emerging opportunistic pathogen? | human infection with rhodococcus equi is apparently rare with most published reports describing the development of lung abscesses in immunocompromised hosts. of only 18 cases of infection previously recorded, four have recently occurred in patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids). in australasia, r. equi has frequently been isolated from soil and infected farm animals yet no human infections have been reported thus far. three cases of r. equi infection have occurred in new ze ... | 1989 | 2764811 |
| carotenoid pigments of genus rhodococcus. | a study of carotenoid pigments of the genus rhodococcus was carried out. according to carotenes contained, rhodococcus species were divided into three groups: the first group of rhodococcus luteus, r. coprophilus, r. lentifragmentus, and r. maris, which formed beta-carotene; the second group of r. equi, r. rubropertinctus, r. aichiensis, r. sputi, r. chubuensis, r. obuensis, r. bronchialis, r. roseus, r. rhodochrous, r. rhodnii, and r. terrae, which formed gamma-carotene-like substance; and the ... | 1989 | 2770561 |
| composition and toxicity of lipids from rhodococcus rhodochrous grown on medium containing galactose, glucose or mannose. | rhodococcus rhodochrous, a producer of mycolic acid of approx. c40, exhibited a higher cellular mass yield when grown on glucose than when grown on galactose or mannose. the cellular content of the diethyl ether-soluble lipids in microorganisms cultivated on glucose or mannose varied with the incubation time, while that of microorganisms grown on galactose remained constant. the lipids extracts from cells cultivated on different hexoses and collected at the exponential phase of growth were more ... | 1989 | 2775761 |
| case 9-1989: aids and a cavitary pulmonary lesion. | | 1989 | 2787479 |
| rhodococcus equi pneumonia in a child with leukemia. | | 1989 | 2797965 |
| [thin-layer chromatography of mycolic acids methanolysates of whole-cell in mycobacterium and related bacteria]. | mycolic acid methanolysates of whole-cell in mycobacterium and related bacteria were analysed by thin-layer chromatography. the experimental results show that five of twenty-two species, m. tuberculosis, m. bovis, m. kansasii, m. marinum and m. gastri have similar pattern of mycolates, composed of alpha-mycolates, methoxymycolates, ketomycolates and two unknown components. m. gilvum, m. phleri, m. avium, m. intracellulare, m. xenopi and m. nonchromogenicum contain alpha-mycolates, ketomycolates ... | 1989 | 2800535 |
| activity of meropenem, against gram-positive bacteria. | a new carbapenem antibiotic, meropenem, was shown to be active against a large number of gram-positive bacteria. the drug inhibited penicillinase-positive and -negative, methicillin-susceptible staphylococci equally well. among the comparative antimicrobials examined, only n-formimidoyl-thienamycin (imipenem) was two to four times more active than meropenem. compared with vancomycin or methicillin, meropenem was 10-20 times more active. strains of 11 species of streptococci were highly susceptib ... | 1989 | 2808202 |
| rhodococcus peritonitis in a patient treated with peritoneal dialysis. | this report is of a patient treated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis who developed peritonitis attributed to a rhodococcus species. the rhodococci are rarely pathogenic to humans, and there are no previous reports of peritonitis associated with these organisms. it is important for clinicians to be aware of these bacteria because they can be acid-fast and can be confused with mycobacteria. they are often reported as "diphtheroids" but should not be considered contaminants. | 1989 | 2816935 |
| monitoring of phenylketonuria: a colorimetric method for the determination of plasma phenylalanine using l-phenylalanine dehydrogenase. | a simple, rapid, accurate, and precise colorimetric assay for the determination of l-phenylalanine in plasma samples using l-phenylalanine dehydrogenase [l-phenylalanine:nad+-oxidoreductase (deaminating)] from rhodococcus sp. m 4 is described. the enzyme catalyzes the nad-dependent oxidative deamination of l-phenylalanine. however, the equilibrium of reaction favors l-phenylalanine formation. by stoichiometric coupling of this reaction with diaphorase/iodonitro tetrazolium chloride (int) the for ... | 1989 | 2817348 |
| pulmonary abscessation, hepatoencephalopathy and igm deficiency associated with rhodococcus equi in a foal. | | 1989 | 2818368 |
| purification and characterization of 4-methylmuconolactone methyl-isomerase, a novel enzyme of the modified 3-oxoadipate pathway in nocardioform actinomycetes. | the novel enzyme 4-methyl-2-enelactone methyl-isomerase was detected in, and purified to electrophoretic homogeneity from, p-toluate-grown cells of rhodococcus rhodocrous n75, a nocardioform actinomycete. the enzyme was very thermostable and had a native mr of 75,500; as the monomer had an mr of 17,000, the enzyme is probably tetrameric. the new isomerase is highly specific with respect to its lactone substrate, only accepting (+)-(4s)-4-methylmuconolactone (4-carboxymethyl-4-methylbut-2-en-1,4- ... | 1989 | 2818569 |
| early events associated with experimental infection of the murine lung with rhodococcus equi. | pneumonia due to rhodococcus equi was induced in the murine lung by deposition of a known dose of organisms. from serial estimations of bacterial numbers in the lungs of inoculated mice, analysis of the cellular composition of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and morphological examination of the lungs, events in the host-parasite interaction were followed until day 7. early bacterial clearance from the lung was dose-dependent but was not sustained. a proportion of the inoculated r. equi was suscepti ... | 1989 | 2607013 |
| rhodococcus equi infection in goats. | | 1988 | 3196255 |
| cytologic and bacteriologic evaluation of tracheobronchial aspirates from clinically normal foals. | thirty-eight tracheobronchial aspirates (tba) were collected from twenty 1 to 6-month-old foals, which were free of clinical signs of respiratory tract or other infectious disease. we collected tba from 9 of the foals 3 times when they were approximately 8, 16, and 24 weeks old. aspirates were examined cytologically after staining with modified wright-giemsa, gram, toluidine blue, and prussian blue stains. aerobic bacterial culturing was performed on all aspirates. of the 20 initial tba, 4 (20%) ... | 1989 | 2610430 |
| investigation of the lipids of saprophytic mycobacteria in the u.s.s.r. | three trends in the investigations of the specific lipids of rhodococci and related microorganisms are reflected: isolation and structural determination of new complex lipids, elucidation of the role of specific lipids in the cells and application of lipid composition for diagnostic studies of rhodococci and related organisms. two groups of peptidolipids, differing in chromatographic mobility and peptide chain structure, have been found in the cells of rhodococcus erythropolis. the compounds wit ... | 1988 | 3042799 |
| nocardioform actinomycete (rhodococcus rubropertinctus)-induced abortion in a mare. | | 1988 | 3212898 |
| [the genus rhodococcus and rhodococcus infection (1)]. | | 1988 | 3062220 |
| use of a monoclonal antibody in the diagnosis of infection by dermatophilus congolensis. | a monoclonal antibody (mcab) to dermatophilus congolensis was produced from murine hybridoma cultures and purified by affinity chromatography. species specificity was demonstrated using indirect immunofluorescent staining; the mcab was shown to react with 10 d congolensis isolates but not with 10 nocardia species isolates, a rhodococcus and a streptomyces species isolate. the mcab was used to demonstrate d congolensis in clinical material from confirmed bovine and ovine cases and presumptive equ ... | 1988 | 3062721 |
| isolation of rhodococcus rhodochrous from a chronic corneal ulcer. | organisms belonging to rhodococcus species have been isolated as the causative agent of infections in many animals and humans. the majority of the human infections so far reported have been limited to immunocompromised patients including aids patients. we report an elderly woman with a chronic corneal ulcer infected with rhodococcus. to our knowledge there is no previous report on a rhodococcus infection of the eye. rarity of this type of infection by rhodococcus in a locally immunocompromised s ... | 1988 | 3229096 |
| in vitro susceptibility of bacteria to a ticarcillin-clavulanic acid combination. | in vitro testing of bacterial susceptibility to a combination of ticarcillin and clavulanic acid was done, using 406 aerobic gram-positive and gram-negative isolates (considered to be pathogens) cultured from equine and small animal specimens. a microdilution broth technique of susceptibility testing was performed, using trays with wells containing a range of doubling concentrations of dehydrated ticarcillin (range, 0.50 to 128 micrograms/ml) with fixed concentration of clavulanic acid (4 microg ... | 1988 | 3239838 |
| [genus rhodococcus and rhodococcus infection (2)]. | | 1988 | 3066959 |
| microbial hydrolysis of organic nitriles and amides. | nitrile-hydrating enzymes produced by bacteria and fungi catalyse the conversion of a large number of chemically diverse nitriles, including many economically important compounds used industrially for chemical synthesis of amides and acids. this paper presents data on two new, highly different nitrile-hydrolysing enzymes which were isolated in connection with our studies on enzymic nitrile transformations. particular attention was paid to the enzymes' substrate specificities and sensitivity to s ... | 1988 | 3073055 |
| the metabolism of carbaryl by three bacterial isolates, pseudomonas spp. (ncib 12042 & 12043) and rhodococcus sp. (ncib 12038) from garden soil. | at an alkaline ph and in aqueous solution, carbaryl hydrolyses to form 1-naphthol, methylamine and carbon dioxide, but it is much more stable at an acid ph. two bacterial isolated from garden soil, pseudomonas sp. (ncib 12042) and rhodococcus sp. (ncib 12038), could grow on carbaryl as sole carbon and nitrogen source at ph 6.8 but failed to metabolize carbaryl rapidly. both could use 1-naphthol as sole carbon source and ncib 12042 metabolized 1-naphthol via salicylic acid which induced higher ex ... | 1986 | 3086270 |
| microplate technique to determine hemolytic activity for routine typing of listeria strains. | because the hemolysis produced by listeria monocytogenes and listeria seeligeri on blood agar is frequently difficult to interpret, we developed a microplate technique for the routine determination of hemolytic activity with erythrocyte suspensions. this microtechnique is a simple and reliable test for distinguishing clearly between hemolytic and nonhemolytic strains and could be used instead of the camp (christie-atkins-munch-petersen) test with staphylococcus aureus in the routine typing of li ... | 1986 | 3088037 |
| [esterase activity of hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria]. | the activity of esterase was studied in bacteria oxidizing hydrocarbons and belonging to the genera rhodococcus, arthrobacter and pseudomonas. indophenyl acetate was used as a substrate of the reaction catalysed by the enzyme. exocellular esterases were not found. endocellular esterases differed in their activity and thermostability both among the genera and among species of one and the same genus. | 1986 | 3102911 |
| neutrophil phagocytic and serum opsonic response of the foal to corynebacterium equi. | this study was undertaken to examine the neutrophil response to corynebacterium (rhodococcus) equi, and to assess the possibility of neutrophil immaturity or malfunction in predisposition to c. equi pneumonia in foals. neutrophil phagocytosis of corynebacterium (rhodococcus) equi was studied in foals from birth to 6 months of age. chemiluminescence (cl) and bactericidal assays were used to assay the phagocytic response of peripheral blood neutrophils to c. equi in vitro. results of in vitro bact ... | 1987 | 3109114 |
| diagnosis of rhodococcus equi infection in foals by the agar gel diffusion test with protein antigen. | a protein antigen that reacted in the agar gel diffusion (agd) test and which had equi factor(s) activity, was partially purified from the culture supernatant of rhodococcus equi by successive column chromatography on diethylaminoethyl cellulose and sepharose 4b. employing a standard foal serum, the concentration of this antigen was adjusted for the agd test. optimal dilutions of the antigen reacted in the agd test with sera from foals naturally infected with serologically different r. equi. the ... | 1987 | 3125665 |
| [action of ultraviolet radiation on hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria]. | | 1987 | 3130549 |
| [morphologo-structural characteristics of the cells of coryneform and nocardiaform bacteria]. | | 1988 | 3150513 |
| use of erythromycin-rifampin combination in treatment of rhodococcus equi pneumonia. | the selection of lipid-soluble antibiotics capable of intracellular penetration is considered critical for the successful treatment of rhodococcus equi pneumonia and lung abscesses in foals. two such antibiotics: erythromycin (25 mg kg-1, three times daily) and rifampin (5 mg kg-1 twice daily) have been used in combination for this purpose at the university of florida since 1981. positive evidence of r. equi was present on culture of tracheal aspirates in 57 foals, most of which exhibited radiog ... | 1987 | 3314109 |
| mesenteric lymphadenitis of swine caused by rhodococcus sputi. | rhodococcus sputi caused tuberculosislike lymphadenitis of mesenteric lymph nodes in swine. this is the first study reporting that r. sputi can be a pathogen in swine. | 1988 | 3343310 |
| construction of an escherichia coli-rhodococcus shuttle vector and plasmid transformation in rhodococcus spp. | a plasmid transformation system for rhodococcus sp. strain h13-a was developed by using an escherichia coli-rhodococcus shuttle plasmid constructed in this study. rhodococcus sp. strain h13-a contains three cryptic indigenous plasmids, designated pmvs100, pmvs200, and pmvs300, of 75, 19.5, and 13.4 kilobases (kb), respectively. a 3.8-kb restriction fragment of pmvs300 was cloned into pij30, a 6.3-kb pbr322 derivative, containing the e. coli origin of replication (ori) and ampicillin resistance d ... | 1988 | 2828318 |
| rhodococcus (corynebacterium) equi: bactericidal capacity of neutrophils from neonatal and adult horses. | the capacity of hematogenous polymorphonuclear neutrophilic leukocytes (pmnl) to kill rhodococcus equi was compared in horses of various ages. a radioisotope bactericidal assay was used to determine the capacity of pmnl to kill r equi. assays were conducted on pmnl from horses in 3 groups: group i, 13 foals with a mean age of 3.3 days; group ii, 10 group-i foals at a mean age of 35.7 days; and group iii, adult dams of group-i foals. bacteria were obtained from the lungs of a foal with r equi pne ... | 1988 | 3358541 |
| [protective effects of glycolipids (rt. gm-2) containing mycolic acid from rhodococcus terrae on influenza virus infection in mice]. | | 1987 | 2835414 |
| characterization of rhodococcus equi-like bacterium isolated from a wound infection in a noncompromised host. | a case of superficial wound infection in a noncompromised host due to a rhodococcus equi-like organism, acquired from soil, is described. the strain grew poorly at 37 degrees c and showed several differences from wild-type r. equi in biochemical tests and in its fatty acid and mycolic acid compositions. | 1988 | 3366859 |
| rhodococcus equi endophthalmitis. case report. | | 1989 | 2910280 |
| nitrile hydratase of rhodococcus sp. n-774. purification and amino acid sequences. | the nitrile hydratase of rhodococcus sp. n-774 was purified and crystallized. the enzyme is composed of two different subunits (molecular masses: subunit alpha, 28,500 da; subunit beta, 29,000 da). the amino-terminal amino acid sequence of each subunit was determined. there is no sequence homology between the two subunits, suggesting that the peptides originate from different cistrons. the activity of the purified enzyme did not decrease during incubation in the dark, whereas it gradually decrea ... | 1989 | 2920826 |
| immune-mediated polysynovitis in four foals. | the deposition of immune complexes in the synovial membrane resulted in polysynovitis in 4 foals. all 4 foals had an infection at a site other than the joints. the polysynovitis was characterized by marked effusions of affected joints and joint stiffness. bacterial and mycoplasmal cultures of the joints did not yield growth. staining of synovial membrane biopsy specimens with fluorescein-labeled anti-equine igg revealed immune complexes in the synovial membrane. immune-mediated polysynovitis mig ... | 1988 | 2970450 |
| isolation and purification of ceqi endonuclease, an isoschizomer of ecorv. | | 1987 | 3029706 |
| osteomyelitis caused by rhodococcus equi in a renal transplant recipient. | we report the first case of osteomyelitis due to rhodococcus equi, which occurred in a renal transplant patient. infection with this organism is rare and usually causes a distinct clinical syndrome resembling pulmonary tuberculosis. we investigated by time-kill curve analysis various antimicrobial combinations for in vitro efficacy. the literature is briefly reviewed, and aspects of diagnosis and therapy are discussed. | 1988 | 3042628 |
| infection with rhodococcus equi in a patient with sarcoidosis treated with corticosteroids. | a 51-year-old female farmer was diagnosed as having sarcoidosis. during 4 years of observation, slow radiological progression was observed. cough then developed, necessitating treatment with corticosteroids. after 28 months of continuous treatment with prednisolone in low doses (5-7.5 mg daily), she suffered fever episodes, recurrent haemoptyses, general malaise and loss of weight. a chest roentgenogram showed a left upper lobe infiltrate, which progressed and finally cavitated, and rib destruct ... | 1988 | 3222677 |
| degradation and o-methylation of chlorinated phenolic compounds by rhodococcus and mycobacterium strains. | three polychlorophenol-degrading rhodococcus and mycobacterium strains were isolated independently from soil contaminated with chlorophenol wood preservative and from sludge of a wastewater treatment facility of a kraft pulp bleaching plant. rhodococcus sp. strain cg-1 and mycobacterium sp. strain cg-2, isolated from tetrachloroguaiacol enrichment, and rhodococcus sp. strain cp-2, isolated from pentachlorophenol enrichment, mineralized pentachlorophenol and degraded several other polychlorinated ... | 1988 | 3223768 |
| lung infection caused by rhodococcus. | we report a case of lung infection, clinically resembling tuberculosis, caused by rhodococcus rubropertinctus. the patient had no apparent immunosuppression which is unusual for disease caused by the 'rhodochrous' complex. the infection responded successfully to oral anti-tuberculous therapy, which included rifampicin, and to oral tetracycline. | 1988 | 3242467 |
| dna base composition and homology values in the classification of some rhodococcus species. | similar dna homology values were recorded when a modified s1 nuclease technique and a standard nitrocellulose membrane filter method were applied to representative strains of rhodococcus. the dna homology data showed that r. globerulus, r. luteus and r. sputi form distinct genomic species. the congruence between the dna homology and earlier numerical phenetic data was good, but there was evidence that some strains had been misclassified in the previous studies. in particular, the type strains of ... | 1988 | 3254937 |
| endophthalmitis caused by rhodococcus equi prescott serotype 4. | rhodococcus equi, an aerobic actinomycete primarily known as a livestock pathogen, was repeatedly isolated from the severely infected right eye of a 9-year-old boy. | 1988 | 3260244 |
| differentiation between genera rhodococcus and nocardia by susceptibility testing to kanamycin and some other antituberculosis agents. | the test for susceptibility to kanamycin is useful for differentiating between the genera rhodococcus and nocardia. all rhodococci except r. equi, r. erythropolis, and r. aurantiacus are susceptible to kanamycin, whereas all nocardiae except n. otitidis-caviarum are resistant to kanamycin. tests for susceptibility to rifampicin, streptomycin, and minocycline also are useful for differentiating among the species of each genus. | 1988 | 3292880 |
| presumptive diagnosis of pulmonary nocardiosis: value of sputum microscopy. | three hundred samples of sputum from patients suffering from various forms of pulmonary disorders were homogenized by pancreatic digestion, examined microscopically and cultured on brain heart infusion agar, trypticase soy agar, in brain heart infusion broth, trypticase soy broth and mcclung's carbon-free broth. several elements of varying morphological forms, believed to be from aerobic actinomycetes or nocardias, were observed in 16 cases. six strains of nocardia asteroides, one n. brasiliensi ... | 1987 | 3308803 |
| [new species of the genus listeria: listeria seeligeri]. | listeria seeligeri is a recently described species which shares 28% to 1% dna relatedness with the other species of the genus listeria. g + c% content of the type strain is 36. peptidoglycan type (variation a1 gamma) as well as teichoic acids are identical to those found in l. monocytogenes. l. seeligeri can be easily distinguished from the other species using the following markers: hemolysis (camp-tests with staphylococcus aureus and rhodococcus equi) and acid production from d-xylose, l-rhamno ... | 1987 | 3313216 |
| epidemiology of rhodococcus equi infection in horses. | current understanding of the epidemiology of rhodococcus equi infection on horse farms is reviewed. infection is widespread in herbivores and their environment, because herbivore manure supplies the simple organic acid substrates on which the organism thrives. there is a progressive development of infection in the soil on horse farms with prolonged use, because: (1) there is a continual supply of nutrients; (2) the organism multiplies progressively as temperatures rise; (3) the bacterium has a r ... | 1987 | 3314106 |
| the immunological response of foals to rhodococcus equi: a review. | normal horses of all ages regularly show evidence of having responded immunologically to r. equi, thus adding serological support to epidemiological evidence that this organism is a normal intestinal inhabitant. more animals from "diseased" farms show a stronger antibody response when compared with foals from "healthy" farms. various serological tests have been used to detect evidence of infection and to relate antibody level to severity of disease. anti-r. equi igg antibody levels, as measured ... | 1987 | 3314107 |
| the pathogenesis of rhodococcus equi pneumonia in foals. | the pathogenesis of rhodococcus equi pneumonia in foals is reviewed. the main routes of infection are respiratory and alimentary. the latter is probably the chief route of exposure in all foals and probably leads to development of specific immunity. susceptible foals, those whose maternal immunity wanes before generation of their own immune response, readily develop disease if exposed aerogenously to sufficient numbers of r. equi. management and environmental circumstances have a major role to p ... | 1987 | 3314108 |
| severe progressive subcutaneous abscesses and necrotizing tenosynovitis caused by rhodococcus aurantiacus. | a case of severe progressive subcutaneous abscesses and necrotizing tenosynovitis of the right arm of a 30-year-old woman caused by rhodococcus aurantiacus is reported. | 1988 | 3343320 |
| [the identification of bacteria of the genus rhodococcus by immunodiffusion]. | | 1986 | 3151914 |
| the formaldehyde dehydrogenase of rhodococcus erythropolis, a trimeric enzyme requiring a cofactor and active with alcohols. | during growth on compounds containing methyl groups a formaldehyde dehydrogenase is induced in the gram-positive bacteria rhodococcus erythropolis. this formaldehyde dehydrogenase has been purified to homogeneity using affinity chromatography and permeation chromatography. the isoelectric point of the enzyme was 4.7. the molar mass of the native enzyme was determined as 130 000 g/mol. sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis yielded a single subunit with a molar mass of 44000 g/mol. these resu ... | 1985 | 3160586 |
| conjugative transfer of cadmium resistance plasmids in rhodococcus fascians strains. | the presence of a 138-kilobase plasmid (pd188) correlated with increased resistance to cadmium in rhodococcus fascians d188. this plasmid could be transferred by a conjugation-like system in matings between r. fascians strains. transconjugants expressed the cadmium resistance and could be used as donors in subsequent matings. four other r. fascians strains (ncppb 1488, ncppb 1675, ncppb 2551, and atcc 12974) could also be used as donors for cadmium resistance in matings. strain ncppb 1675 showed ... | 1988 | 3162908 |
| cellulitis and subcutaneous abscesses caused by rhodococcus equi infection in a foal. | cellulitis and subcutaneous abscess formation was diagnosed in a 3-month-old thoroughbred filly. clinical signs consisted of a large ulcerated plaque, with satellite pustules on the medial aspect of the right hock and subcutaneous abscesses in the right inguinal and mammary gland areas. laboratory analysis revealed mature neutrophilia. rhodococcus equi was isolated from the cellulitis and the subcutaneous abscess. oral administration of erythromycin and rifampin for 35 days resulted in a clinica ... | 1987 | 3610765 |
| pathological findings of guinea-pigs infected intratracheally with rhodococcus (corynebacterium) equi. | | 1987 | 3613340 |
| rhodococcus equi infection in a cat. | | 1987 | 3619798 |
| isolation of mycolic acid-containing glycolipids in nocardia rubra and their granuloma forming activity in mice. | three classes of glycolipids (tmm (trehalose monomycolate), tdm (trehalose dimycolate) and gm (glucose mycolate] containing mycolic acids as hydrophobic components were isolated from a strain of nocardia rubra (rhodococcus rubrum) and their structures have been partially characterized using infrared spectrometry, gas-liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. acid or alkaline hydrolysis of isolated glycolipids revealed that trehalose was the sole water soluble component in t ... | 1987 | 3625445 |
| platelet counting in diagnosis of rhodococcus equi. | | 1988 | 3188352 |
| biodegradation of substituted benzenes. | the ability of an association of micro-organisms to degrade a range of substituted aromatic compounds was assessed. compounds were provided as sources of carbon and energy, and degradation rates monitored. the effect of the presence of other aromatic compounds and of rapidly metabolizable substrates was also investigated. the significance of bioaugmentation of waste-treatment processes with such an inoculum is discussed. | 1988 | 3209512 |
| presumptive identification of nocardias in a clinical laboratory. | one hundred and thirty-six cultures of aerobic streptomycetes were examined by simple cultural and microscopical methods. nocardia spp. were recognized by their resistance to lysozyme and identified to the three important species by casein, xanthine and tyrosine hydrolysis tests. | 1988 | 3209517 |
| plasmid-borne resistance to arsenate, arsenite, cadmium, and chloramphenicol in a rhodococcus species. | a primarily genetic approach was employed to obtain plasmids in rhodococcus erythropolis atcc 12674 which carried genes conferring increased resistance to sodium arsenate and arsenite, cadmium chloride, and chloramphenicol. the plasmids were large, migrating more slowly than chromosomal dna in agarose gels, and were made up of resistance determinants from the host organism together with part of the genome of nocardiophage q4. purified plasmid was used to transform a suitable recipient to increas ... | 1988 | 3422704 |
| phenol hydroxylase from rhodococcus sp. p 1. | the enzyme phenol hydroxylase (ec 1.14.13.7) was determined and characterized in crude extracts of rhodococcus sp. p 1. this enzyme catalyzed the first step of phenol degradation. it was inducible, had a ph optimum of 7.9 and a temperature optimum at 20 degrees c and catalyzed also the hydroxylation of some other phenolic compounds. | 1987 | 3430338 |
| opportunistic rhodococcus equi infection in an african aids case (1976-1981) | | 1987 | 3661048 |
| complete dechlorination of tetrachlorohydroquinone by cell extracts of pentachlorophenol-induced rhodococcus chlorophenolicus. | in this paper we describe the sequence of reactions leading from tetrachloro-para-hydroquinone to 1,2,4-trihydroxybenzene by inducible enzymes of rhodococcus chlorophenolicus. tetrachlorohydroquinone was first converted to a dichlorotrihydroxybenzene in a reaction involving both hydrolytic and reductive dechlorination; no trichlorinated intermediate was detected. dichlorotrihydroxybenzene was subsequently reductively dechlorinated to a monochlorotrihydroxybenzene and finally to 1,2,4-trihydroxyb ... | 1987 | 3667526 |
| the taxonomic status of rhodococcus equi. | the species corynebacterium equi was proposed for strains isolated from foals suffering from purulent pneumonia. the taxon has had a confused history and is currently listed under both corynebacterium and rhodococcus in the approved lists of bacterial names. data from modern taxonomic studies indicate that corynebacterium equi magnusson 1923 should be reduced to a synonym of rhodococcus equi (magnusson) goodfellow and alderson 1980. rhodococcus equi has repeatedly been shown to be a good species ... | 1987 | 3672864 |
| ecology of rhodococcus equi in horses and their environment on horse-breeding farms. | quantitative culture of r. equi in the feces of dams and foals, in the air of the stalls and in the soil of the paddocks was carried out on three horse-breeding farms during the foaling season. the isolation rates of r. equi from the feces of dams from the 3 farms suddenly increased to approximately 80% at the end of march, when the snow in the paddocks finished melting, and remained at that level during april and may. the mean number of r. equi and the isolation rate of r. equi from the feces o ... | 1987 | 3672865 |
| studies of the pathogenesis of rhodococcus equi infection in foals. | pyogranulomatous pneumonia was induced in thoroughbred foals by intranasal challenge with freeze-dried cultures of rhodococcus equi (previously corynebacterium equi). the incubation period was about 18 days and clinical signs were not seen for a further week. there were marked seasonal and individual foal differences in responses to infection. elevations in serum caeruloplasmin oxidase activity and copper concentrations appeared to be sensitive indicators of infection. serum zinc concentrations ... | 1987 | 3447576 |